COMMUNITY BASED PLANNING IN WARD 21 OF NYANGA DISTRICT- MANICALAND PROVINCE, ZIMBABWE

The Summarised Plan for Ward 21 Community

21st – 24th September 2007

FACILITATING TEAM: 1. Noah Sigauke (Coordination, Facilitation & Proof reading) 2. Farai Chibaya (Documentation, Facilitation & Logistics) 3. Reginald Mapfumo (Documentation & Facilitation) 4. Justice Chipuru (Facilitation)

5. Emmanuel Mungofa (Documentation)

Table of ContentsIntroduction…………………………………………………………………………..3The CBP Intensive Planning Proceedings…………………………………………..3Welcoming Remarks…………………………………………………………………4Logistics…………………………………………………………………………...…..4Socio economic Groups represented by Village……………………………………4Objectives of the CBP process……………………………………………...………..4Brief History of Practical Action in the Ward……………. ……………………….5Expectations from the participants……………………………………..…………………………………….5The Outputs of this process…………………………………………………...……..5Trust Building exercise………………………………………………………………6Analyzing community trends and dynamics………………………………..………8Analysis of service providers………………………………………………………...9Natural resources and infrastructure available and accessible in Ward 21…….11Analyzing the socio-economic groups…………………………………….………..12Creating a vision for Ward 21……………………………………..……………….12The Ward 21 Shared Vision……………………………………………………..…14Identifying Priority strategies for each Goal to achieve the vision………………14Disaster proofing the identified projects…………………………………………..16Project Sustainability Check……………………………………………...………..17Events for Approval, Monitoring and Operationalization of the Ward Plan......17ANNXESAnnex 1: Community Based Planning Programme……………………..………..19Annex 2: The Project Concept Note Sheet requiring external support…………21Annex 3: List of Socio-economic groups representatives & Stakeholders …...…22Annex 4: Assessment Tool………………………………………………………….25Annex 5a: Nyafaru Community Based Planning Preplanning Process-1……….32Annex 5b: Nyafaru Community Based Planning Preplanning Process-2…….…35Annex 6: Mileage………………………………………………...………………….40

2

IntroductionThis report captures the summary of the process and key steps followed in developing a shared vision for Ward 21 Community in Nyanga District. A Community Based Intensive planning process (CBP) trial run was conducted at Nyafaru Mission from the 21st – 24th September 2008 (See Annexes 1, 5a and 5b). One hundred and thirty six (136) participants (see Annex 3) were drawn from Ward 21 Community. Ward 21 Community is made up of eleven villages namely Pabwe, Madziwanzira, Nyapimbi, Goora, Tsatse, Nyamugafata, Pasipaora, Dzinduwa, Mubata, Tombo and Muomba. The participants were representatives of the different socio-economic groups from these villages.

The actual planning process involved identifying community strengths and potential, visioning, strategy development and reaching consensus on potential action priorities for each of the identified socio-economic groups. The report is also useful as reference and resource material for future CBP processes by the E-mindset project team. The process made the different socio-economic groups in the ward produce a shared vision ward plan for the first time ever summarized in this report. At the end of this process the participants agreed to the following key steps;

Consolidation of the ward plan by two chosen secretaries from the primary and secondary schools who are also Ward members.

Conduct feedback meetings to each village so that they are informed about the process and for their input.

Compilation of project concept sheets for all initiatives requiring external resources by each livelihood group

Convene a Community meeting for final approval of the ward plan Submission of the Plan to Nyanga Rural District Council.

The CBP Intensive Planning Proceedings; Key steps followedThe Intensive planning materials required

For this intensive planning process to be successful the Facilitation Team made sure they had adequate materials required for the four-day planning process. The materials that were prepared by the Team include; The Intensive Planning Programme, the Sheets and tools required for sessions and Stationery. Table 1 below shows some of the materials used:

Table 1: CBP MaterialsItem/ Stationery NoFlip charts 2Felt pens, mixed black, red & green 1 packStikistuff 1Bond Paper 200 sheetsCamera 1Flip chart stands use wall Facilitators programme 1 per trainer

3

Welcoming Remarks The opening remarks for all the four days were done by the Local leaders and the Nyanga Rural District Council representative. It was interesting to note that some local leaders were Headmasters of the local schools; which made the meetings to be quite procedural. The opening remarks included welcoming participants to the workshop, debriefing them on the process and encouraging all the participants to attend the whole process and to remember to relay the information to the people they were representing.

LogisticsThe village headman of Pambwe Village took full responsibility in identifying the cooks who prepared and served lunch for the participants. They also contributed $68 000 or $500 per person, 2kg of maize for those who could afford to and vegetables. Participants also assisted with collecting firewood for cooking. The E- mindset project supplied meat, part of the mealie-meal, salt and cooking oil. Nyafaru School in Pabwe Village was unanimously agreed upon as the venue for the process as it has boarding facilities and electricity from the micro hydro scheme. With the linear settlement structure of ward 21 and its rugged terrain, some participants were coming as far as 25 kilometres from the venue of the CBP process. Therefore it was agreed to accommodate some participants who live far away from the venue to be accommodated at Nyafaru primary school. A total of 36 participants Dazi, Madzivanzira and Tombo, Mubata were accommodated at the school throughout the CBP process.

Socio economic Groups represented by VillageCBP recognizes that every community is made up of diverse socio-economic groups whose interests differ. Since the CBP process is a democratic process there is need to ensure effective representation of these groups. One of the key elements in the CBP process is ensuring that “people are active and involved in managing their own development, in claiming their rights and in exercising their responsibilities. In plenary each village gave a list of participants indicating the category of the socio-economic groups they fall under. The rigorous process of verifying that all the socio-economic groups were represented by the appropriate group members was done. Annex 3 of this report provides a list of socio-economic group representatives that were involved in the intensive planning.

Objectives of the CBP processThe objectives of the CBP were clearly presented and articulated to the participants:

To create space and platform for marginalised groups’ voices and issues to be raised, heard, listened and responded to by support organisations.

To enable local communities demand initiatives that are self-identified, locally resourced and self-sustaining.

4

To unlock the disconnections between community-prioritised projects and support organisation plans so that resources are allocated according to community priorities (Influence resource allocation).

To improve ownership and the community’s control over own development. To increase community action and monitoring of projects.

Brief History of Practical Action in the Ward The following points summarize the works of Practical Action formerly and popularly known as ITDG in the Ward:

It has worked with the WARD 21 community since 1989. It has developed irrigation and micro-hydro projects in the ward. Currently Practical Action has two projects in the Ward E-mindset project

which is being done in Malawi, Zambia, Mozambique and Zimbabwe and Regional Hydro which is being done in Mozambique and Malawi.

In Zimbabwe, the micro-hydro project is being implemented in Nyanga district, Mutare district and Chimanimani district and E-MINDSET is being done in Nyanga and Buhera District both in Manicaland Province.

Expectations from the participantsIn plenary the participants came out with the following expectations for their Ward:

Progress Expecting both technical and informative assistance by the local

leadership, government, private sector and NGO whenever need(s) arise Share ideas on difficulties and have solutions Greater understanding on livelihoods Education To be self reliant Untapped resources to be exposed and have the knowledge on how to

expose these Enhance health systems Improve communication Addressing transport issue More grinding mills Expecting more dip tanks Addressing poverty Addressing corruption Enhance livestock agriculture To have an advanced level school in the Ward

The Outputs of this processThe participants were engaged in some brainstorming exercise to define what could be the outputs of the CBP process. Three outputs were agreed on;

A draft generic ward plan A Community focus or priority plan for the 2008/9 season A strong monitoring and evaluating team to be set up in the Ward.

5

Trust Building exerciseOne of the major principles of the CBP process is to involve the active participation of the community. This was enhanced by using the glass code. The Facilitator demonstrated an example of a code using four water glasses. The first glass was filled with water; the second was half filled with water, the third glass was turned up side down and the fourth was lying sideways and supported. The major aim of the exercise is to relay a vivid message on self reliance and sustainability of any community project. Sustainability and total ownership of Community project are ensured if the Community is involved from the planning to the implementation stage. One member from the community was asked to demonstrate the glass code being guided by the facilitator. Others were asked to observe whilst the volunteer adds water in all the glasses as instructed. The participants were asked to describe what they had seen during demonstration. Below are some of the responses:

First glassThe first glass was full of water and further pouring of water resulted in spilling.Second GlassThe second glass was half full, more water was poured and the glass became fullThird GlassThe glass was upside down and when water was poured not even a drop got onto the water glassFourth GlassThe glass was lying sideways supported by two markers. No water got into the glass and the removal of supporting markers would cause the glass to roll-over and tumble.

Lessons learnt from the glass code. What does the exercise represent?The following were some of the responses: First Glass

Too much knowledge It represents someone who has enough, if more resources are added some will

spill It represents corruption and being wasteful It is a well developed community It is a community rich in resources and it if the resources are not well managed

they will come to waste. The first glass represent a community where someone has all the resources,

someone is satisfied. It can represent people who have learnt more about CBP, if you bring them for training you are wasting their time.

second glass It is a community with resources but needs more knowledge to fully exploit

these resources It is a society with community driven projects but needs assistance to fully

benefit from these projects. The second glass represents half empty, a community with space to acquire

new ideas.

6

third glass The community has no resources; it is not yet ready to receive assistance. It

does not appreciate knowledge and ideas from other sources It is a poor community that lags behind in terms of development The community needs more knowledge The community needs knowledge first not resources. It can be a community doing a different project from the one coming from

outside; which will not be of use to the given community. The third glass and fourth glass represents those people who are adamant to

change, they are here physically, you try to pour water everything spill. You need to understand the ‘but why’ by problem posing. But why are the glasses upside down? Establishing why will inform what needs to be done to the glasses.

fourth glass It is a community which is collapsed It is a community which needs support. It is a community with self-initiated projects The markers/supporters are those people who are willing to stand by you. In

communities these are the existing structures that support the chronically ill, widows and children.

In plenary participants agreed that the 3rd and 4th glasses need to be turned upright but there is need to engage in dialogue to find out if water is the right liquid required in the glasses.

What about the pourer? He should have realized which one is empty rather than keeping on putting

more water in a glass that is already full. He is not concerned about the communities He is just like a donor who treats the communities as equal without analyzing

the socio-economic trends of different socio-economic groups The pourer has no fault but the instructor The instructor is the donor and the pourer is the agent The agent is not committed The instructor ( donor) has no knowledge on what was happening The instructor had intention to distribute evenly The person pouring water will be the implementing agent like Practical

Action.

What about the person giving instructions to the pourer? He does not have knowledge about the communities which he intends to work

with. The person giving instruction is the donor like European Commission or

government

7

What about the water? It’s the assistance given to communities by non-governmental organizations or

the private sector or by government. These are the resources being distributed by the international donors or

government and existing resources in the community. Water being poured represents the aid and water already in the glass represents

the knowledge or resources in the community.

Analyzing community trends and dynamicsThe oldest person amongst participants was a man born in 1921. Therefore the period ranging from 1919 to 2008 was used to analyze the trends and dynamics of Ward 21 Community. Participants were divided into different groups to identify events at local, meso and macro level that occurred in the community in the past. The emphasis of the discussion in groups was on the event, timeline and its impact and implications in people’s lives and environment. From this analysis, participants gained an understanding of what has worked and what has not worked in the community and the general trends over the years, which can contribute to better plans.

Year Occurrence Impacts1935 & 1945

Year of locusts Decreased yield, hunger

1946, 1966 & 1969

Chimhini’s wars Destruction of houses, loss of human and animal lives

1951 Earthquake (tremor) Falling of some houses and rocks, 1964 People displaced from their

prime lands by Chimhini; some of their livestock confisticated

Decreased yields on unfertile soils, reduction in livestock

1972 Drought Deaths of livestock, hunger, men going to cities 1972 -79 Liberation struggle Deaths, people fleeing their homes, degradation of

culture1975 The late Chief Rekayi

Tangwena facilitates the crossing of President R. G. Mugabe and E. Tekere to Mozambique

Intensification of the liberation struggle, historic accolade of Ward 21 of Chief Tangwena’s area

1980 Zimbabwe Independence Freedom, free primary school for all, land-redistribution, return of people from Mozambique, Influx of Mozambican refugees, many donor aided projects, increased prostitution in the area, rise in STIs

1980 Grinding Mills and Stores at Magadzire and Tsatse by World Vision

Short distances to access basic goods

1982 Drought Food shortage1983 Magadzire, Tsatse & Dazi

schools construction processMore children going to nearby schools

1983-4 Construction of the main road.

The coming of Zupco in 1985, increased movement of people and goods

1985-8 Construction of clinics Improved healthy delivering systems

1985 ZUPCO services start Easing of transport problem from Ward 21 to cities, Viable small businesses of irrigation products

1985 Mozambique Frelimo-Renamo war (Matsangaidze)

Influx of Mozambique refugees,

1987 HIV/AIDS Pandemic Deaths of key family members, children headed

8

families, 1995 Nyafaru micro hydro

scheme by ITDG and GAAElectrification of Nyafaru Mission, improved pass rates, more evening study times, retention of education and health staff, adult literacy enhanced, introduction of computer studies

1997 Year of locusts Decreased yield, hunger1997 Gumtree plantations Decrease in pastures and farming land, lowering of the

water table, increase in bee-keeping projects, decrease to livestock due to attacks by lions

1998 Nyamarimbira water project Increased farming yields; booming of cash crops’ projects and improved living conditions for the beneficiaries

1999 Cyclone Eline Crops and livestock deaths or destroyed, hunger2001 Solar eclipse People and animals agitated2001 Nyafaru Conventional

Secondary School established (D. Mutasa & the Late Chief Tangwena)

More local school children going to secondary schoolChange from Uppertop to Independent Secondary school

2002 Witch-hunting by Tsikamutanda

Displacement of suspected witch-crafts, Loss of some livestock, Sacred places unearthed

October 2003

10th Anniversary of the Nyafaru Microhydro Scheme by Chifamba and Team

Upgrading of scheme to mini hydro statusPromise by Chifamba still pending

2004 ZUPCO operation ceased Transport problems up to now, People walking long distances to the tar – average of 18 km, Problems of transporting irrigation products to would-be buyers

2004 Cyclone Japhet Destruction of houses, loss of crops 2006 Earthquake Destruction of houses, poverty, hunger, displacement of

people2008 Drought Price hikes, Eating of wild fruits, death of livestock, men

fleeing homes, extreme food shortages2008 Bacossi by the Reserve Bank

of ZimbabweTemporary relief of food shortage due to the fact that it was only done once with limited basic food supplies which were affordable to the majority.

The timeline was an excellent tool as a method to increase enthusiasm among the socio-economic groups as it reinforced a sense of pride among community members. The elderly were very active in this exercise while the young listened attentively to learn from their elders.

Analysis of service providersThis was one of the tools that the participants and service providers present enjoyed. The participants appreciated the relationships between the community and different organisations in the community after ranking these organisations in terms of their importance and access of their services. The criteria used for rating is listed below:

Rating Services and AccessibilityScore Degree of importance1 Extremely important, must be provided 2 Important 3 Important occasionally

9

4 Not important

Score Degree of accessibility1 Services available all the time in the community, and responsive to needs (centre of

diagram)2 Service available regularly, e.g. within week, and response does not take too long3 Service available erratically4 Service rarely available, takes long time to come

A number of service providers have given support to ward 21 Nyanga district in the past years. The service providers include the government sectors, NGOs, private sectors and community based organizations. It is important to analyse importance and accessibility of these organizations to the various socio-economic groups. Therefore it is important to understand their capacity to contribute to the implementation as well as to get them on board and establish to what extent are they being helpful to the community they are working in. Participants were grouped into six groups shown below the following Table; to discuss accessibility and importance of the listed service providers.

Service Provider Degree of importance Degree of Accessibility  A B C D E F Average A B C D E F Average

Nyanga Rural District Council 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 2 3 3 3 3AREX 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 1 3 2FACT 1 1 2 3 1 3 2 4 3 2 3 3 3 3BEAM 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 4 3 1 3 4 3 3Ruvheneko 1 2 1 2 3 2 2 3 3 1 2 4 2 3ASAP 1 4 3 1 4 1 2 3 2 3 2 4 2 3SOLON 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 3 2 3 2 3 2 3Veterinary Services 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 4 2 3 4 3 3Practical Action 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 3 2 3 3 3 3Capernum Trust 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 2 3 1 3 2Min. of Health 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Min. of Education 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Econet, Netone & Mcel 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 3 3 2 3 4 3 3National Parks 3 3 1 2 1 2 2 3 1 1 4 3 4 3Banks 4 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 4 4 4 2 4 4Churches 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Police 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 3 2 3 3 3 3TADA 3 2 1 3 1 3 2 4 1 2 1 1 1 2Zinatha 3 2 1 1 1 1 2 4 2 1 1 1 1 2

Key: A – Local Leadership & elderly; B – Farmers & Businesses; C – Youths & orphans; D – Caregivers + HIV & AIDS; E – Churches & Traditional Leaders; F – Widows & Widowers

The rankings created some space for dialogue between socio-economic groups and service providers present however those that were absent missed valuable feedback. It was interesting to note that the works of Practical Action were given the highest degree of importance in the Ward but the general consensus was that of asking

10

Practical Action to avail itself throughout the Ward as they were a lot of unexploited yet resourceful rich sites. This session made the participants:

Identify and have a big picture of the different organisations that are operating in their area

Potential resource envelopes that are available to develop their community The importance of organisations’ services to the people; and How accessible their services are to the community.

Natural resources and infrastructure available and accessible in Ward 21A special group composed of the elderly, three local teachers, the youth and women from the community was given a special task to draw a map of their ward identifying physical infrastructure and natural resources, potential micro-hydro sites, potential business centres and where new infrastructure could be built. The resources and infrastructure in the area is summarized in the map. The group used mighty markers by means of arrows to show if the resources are better managed, self sustaining, decline in value or not affected.

The picture below summarizes the current status of the resources in the ward. Upward arrows means resources are better managed or accessed; the downward arrow means decline or decrease in the resource while the horizontal arrow means the resource is not affected or lies untapped.

In Plenary the community summarised their area to be endowed with the following resources:

11

6 bridges of which all of them need rehabilitation 2 Clinics and both of them are functional though there is need of electricity to

increase their operational efficiency. One with inadequate electric power. 16 roads, all need refurbishment 12 Water falls; with many sites on the perennial rivers having potential for

micro-hydro or mini hydro projects Rapids 2 micro-hydro powerhouses of which the other was vandalized and its not

working 2 boreholes not functional 6 dip tanks Shopping Centres not working 2 Secondary schools (only one functional & has inadequate electric power)

and 6 primary schools, No advanced level school 6 lowlands Sacred wells 14 rivers with potential for gradient irrigation Many mountains Limited but fertile crop fields Natural and indigenous forests

Analyzing the socio-economic groupsThis session was important in understanding the livelihoods of different socio-economic groups i.e. where they are at now (assets, vulnerabilities) and where they want to go i.e. desired outcomes which they have defined themselves and opportunities they may want to pursue. The process built and focused on energy issues and the link with the livelihoods. Socio-economic groups were divided into the following groups:

Group 1: Dry land farmers, Irrigation farmers, beekeepers. Group 2: Village Heads and the elderly Group 3: Traditional healers, Churches and Caregivers Group 4: Youths and Orphans Group 5: Widows

Each working group completed the Livelihoods sheets (Annex 4). By the end of this exercise the participants understood the livelihoods of different of different socio-economic groups including their:

assets (what people have including financial, social, physical, human and natural assets);

vulnerabilities (the stresses and shocks that people are subjected to in the external environment);

preferred outcomes (what people would like to achieve regarding their livelihoods,

opportunities (that are available in the environment, often not recognized by the people themselves); and

The service providers that operate in the area and who support some of the community livelihoods.

12

Current and preferred energy options, links between energy and development and knowledge about available modern energy options

Creating a vision for Ward 21Code on building a shared vision A shared vision is what the community wants to achieve over a prolonged period of time for example 20-30 years. The shared vision binds the community to have a common goal. The visioning process was a powerful tool which generated a lot of interest from the community. It allows the different socio-economic visioning groups to plan for the future articulately and identify priority areas for the development of their community.The visioning process began in plenary with a practical example of a parent with the youngest child. In this case the youngest child was a baby girl aged ten months, named Media. The mother was asked what she wanted her child to be when she grows up. Media was to become a nurse. Participants made calculations and found out that Media would become a nurse after 22 years. Below are the stages which the participants listed for Media to become a nurse.

Pre-school-6 yearsPrimary- 7 yearsSecondary- 6 yearsSchool of Nursing- 3 years

Vision: By the year 2030 Media should be a nurse.

The participants were asked to reveal what should be done for Media to become nurse

Media should work hard Fees should be provided by the parents Media should keep good health

Media’s Responsibility Should work hard Listen to advice Should attend classes Committed Maintain discipline

Media’s Mother Supply enough educational material for Media Give advice to Media Monitor her educational progress Provide enough food for Media

The Community’ Responsibility Provide facilliites for education

Teacher’s responsibility Monitor closely the progress of the child Career guidance

13

The final discussion focused on challenges and not problems that are likely to face in achieving the vision.

Media’s Own Challenges: Media may not be keen to take up a nursing career

Local support Challenges: Both parents may die before Media completes education

External challenges: Change in government policy making it difficult to make Media be interested in Media taking up a nursing career.

This exercise helped the participants to formulate the vision statement, identify goals, prioritization of strategies and identify feasible activities or projects that are to be done to achieve desired outcomes. After this exercise it was clear to most participants that it is essential to take various critical steps in planning for a project.

The Ward 21 Shared VisionParticipants were divided into their working groups to discuss the three important visioning questions.

Based on the current status of your community and the resources in it what is your group’s vision of Ward 21 in the next five years or so time?

Tell us what to do and how to do it to make you reach this vision? What challenges is your group and community likely to face in trying to

achieve this vision?

The facilitator encouraged each group to start their vision statement that best describes what all the groups are trying to achieve using the worlds. ‘By the year 20__ all members of _____ Group in Ward 21 are _______

The Table below summarises the consolidated community vision and Priority Goals done by the participants in plenary.

Consolidated Vision Statement

By the year 2015 Ward 21 community members are food secure with increased income earning opportunities, have healthy, well educated and self-reliant youths, attaining improved livelihoods and development through self-help initiatives and good management and conservation of natural resources and energy sources.

Priority Goals 1. to have an ‘A’ Level and a trade school within 4 years2. Improved food security 3. Improve pass rates at schools in Ward 214. Increase household income5. Access to improved and reliable energy sources6. Conservation of natural resources and sacred places7. Strong cooperation and peace among community groups

Identifying Priority strategies for each Goal to achieve the visionFrom the vision statement the socio-economic groups identified goals and key strategies that are emerging and have an impact on the members. Some of the emerging issues that were identified through consensus include;

GOAL STRATEGIES PROJECTS

14

1. To have an ‘A’ Level and a trade school

Equipping schools with books, infrastructure, machines and furniture

Education with production, e.g. horticulture, poultry, piggery, IT, dairying

HEXCO courses, e.g. carpentry, metalwork, typing, typing, computing, dressmaking

Worker retention projects, e.g. involving teachers in some development programmes

To have a nutritional garden

Construction of school

Livestock production

Improving of communication network e.g. roads

Electricity production and distribution projects, e.g. microhydro

Sport and culture

Bread making projects

2. Improved food security

Increase crop production through improved farming methods and crop diversification

Soil and Water management techniques

Seed multiplication Increase area under crop

production by using fields that always lie fallow every year

Dam construction Improved access to water for

agriculture and domestic purposes through water diversion from existing rivers basing on gradient

Establish irrigation schemes Piped water schemes

Improved contact and access to agricultural extension services

Organised training of local farmers by AREX personnel

Establish a strong local social protection system to cater for the vulnerable groups or families following a disaster or a pandemic

Zunde ramambo (Local mutual support system led by local leaders)

3. Improve pass rates at schools in Ward 21

Attract trained teachers to come to Ward 21 schools

Access to healthy Centres

Provision of clean water

Build better teacher housing including electrification

Rehabilitation of roads

Teachers’ irrigation gardens

Construction of clinics at schools and business centres

Sinking of boreholes

Increase reading and studying time for all children

Using Community Development houses as study centres

Build a library Engage in initiatives that

raise income to buy all school requirements

Dairy farming Fish farming Sheep rearing Piggery Sowing Carpentry

4. Increase household income

Crop diversification

15

Blacksmithing Welding Gardening Poultry Carpentry Grow cash crops Beekeeping Knitting Peanut butter making Diamond panning

Engage in Self-help projects

Decreased transmittable diseases; e.g. HIV/AIDS due to improved healthy services

5. Access to improved and reliable energy sources

Effectively utilise the identified potential micro-hydro sites

Identify potential funders and expertise for the micro-hydro power stations

Electrify all houses, clinics, shops and schools

Rehabilitation of roads

6. Conservation of natural resources

awareness campaigns natural resources

Tree planting

7. Strong cooperation and peace among community groups

Production and review of a Community shared vision every year

Improved print and media communication networks for linking and sharing with other communities

Conduct quarterly feedback and annual review and reflection meetings of the CBP process.

Conduct local knowledge sharing events

Availability of electricity for battery (for TVs, Radios, Cell phones) charging

Disaster proofing the identified projectsAll identified projects were subjected through a disaster proof exercise so that the different groups put in place preparedness planning measures. This involved the identification of risks and challenges which could affect the projects. The challenges are beyond the capability of individuals, the group and the community. Some of these were generally identified during the situational analysis when community groups these events and their impact. The table below summarizes some of the projects that were subjected to the disaster proofing process:

Project Challenge(s) MitigationLivestock rearing Pastures, diseases, lions Paddocks, dipping,

vaccination, liaising with National Parks

Fish farming Drought, diseases, poaching Dams, communicate with upstream users to avoid water poisoning, protected ponds

Dairy farming Diseases, milk preservation Need for energy to power refrigerators, professional advice

Construction of primary school, secondary school, library, clinic, tuck shops

Cyclones, earthquakes

HIV & Aids, Cholera

Seeking experts in the construction of buildingsSeeking professional advice8

16

Farming Drought, excess rain Dams, pipes, seeking professional expertise in dry land farming

Bee keeping Cyclones, veld fires; deforestation Seeking professional advice, making fireguards, reforestation

Poultry Cyclones, diseases, cold Planting of trees to act as wind barriers, seeking professional advice,

Irrigation projects Lack of technical knowledge Consulting Ministry of water and irrigation officersResolving community conflicts on water rights

Dam construction Earthquakes, cyclones Seeking professional expertise

Micro hydro projects Lightning, cyclones Lightning conductors, seeking professional advice

Project Sustainability CheckAfter going through the disaster proofing process all projects that are prioritized are subjected to a further project filtering stage called the Sustainability check. The process involves using a code on egg of sustainability. The egg of sustainability ensures that the project satisfies and fulfils the human conditions, Environmental conditions, upholds the supportive by-laws, filter the external support and the project is with the supportive national laws. A tick throughout (√) indicates a project which is likely to be self-sustaining while (x) implies that the condition marked needs attention and is likely to affect the self-sustenance of the project.

Project Human Conditions

Environment By Laws External support

National policies

Farming √ √ √ √ √Diamond panning

√ X x x X

Bee keeping √ √ √ √ √Irrigation scheme

√ √ √ √ √

Poultry √ √ √ √ √Brick-making √ √ √ √ √Road rehabilitation

√ √ √ √ √

Micro hydro power generation

√ √ √ √ √

Sowing √ √ √ √ √Tree planting √ √ √ √ √Cash crop farming

√ √ √ √ √

Boreholes sinking

√ √ √ √ √

Dairy farming √ √ √ √ √Sport and Culture

√ √ √ √ √

Livestock √ √ √ √ √

17

rearing

The projects with ticks throughout will then be put on the Project Concept Note Sheet shown in Annex 2

Events for Approval, Monitoring and Operationalization of the Ward 21 Plan

Writing up the Plan It was agreed upon that after the plan has been drafted, there will be a community will be convened for checks and balances. There after the document will be typed by the School Computer Department and be sent to Nyanga Rural District Council.

The next key actions agreed:The socio-economic groups’ representatives were tasked with the following: Give feedback to their respective group members Complete project concept sheets Once the plan is in place, the groups together with technical staff from Nyanga

Rural District Council should regularly review the plan. This could happen on a quarterly basis and more frequently if there is an intensive period of plan implementation. The objective of these meetings is to review progress in plan implementation

The Nyanga Rural District Council (NRDC)The NRDC through the district engineer was tasked with the following: Identify potential resource envelopes from Support organisations working in

Ward 21 Assist the different socio-economic groups in completing the Project Concept

note sheets.

Practical Action Programme Staff Monitor progress on all the agreed actions and provide technical support

whenever needed particularly on documentation of the ward plan, the identified livelihood initiatives and the completion of the project concept sheets.

Work closely with the NRDC to identify potential resource envelopes from other organisations to support the emerging initiatives that were not present during the planning meetings.

18

Annex 1: Community Based Planning Programme

Day 1: Monday, 20-10-2008

IntroductionsOpening remarks from the Local leaders

09:00 to 10: 30

Local Leader

Introductions to each other Who is here and who is not here?What are the expectations of the various groups?

Eng. SakarombeMr. MuombaN. Sigauke

Objectives and Outputs of this process N. SigaukeClarifying role of Facilitators and participants N. SigaukeGlass Code J. ChipuruSituational AnalysisAnalyzing community trends and dynamics

10:30 to 11:30

N. Sigauke & F. Chibaya

Analysis of service providers Which organisations are present and what is their resource envelope like?

11:30 to 13:00

J. Chipuru & R. Mapfumo

Lunch 13:00 to 14:00

Resource MappingWhat natural resources and infrastructure is available and accessible in our ward?Ward Map

14:00 – 14:55

Eng. Sakarombe,

N. Sigauke, F. ChibayaEnd of day closing remarks 14:55-

15:00Chief

Day 2: Tuesday, 21-10-08

Recap of Day 1Resource Mapping (cont.)

08:30 to 09: 00

Eng. Sakarombe

Livelihoods AnalysisDefining the socio-economic groups in the community

09:00 – 13:00

N. Sigauke

Analyzing each socio-economic group’s livelihoods (Assessment tool)

All Facilitators

Lunch 13:00 to 14:00

Analyzing each socio-economic group’s livelihoods (Assessment tool)

14:00 to 15:00

All Facilitators

Verification and reconciliation of information by a working group identified.

N. Sigauke

End of Day

Day 3: Wednesday, 22-10-2008

Recap of Day 2 08:30 to 08:45

Code on shared visioningShared Visioning

08:45 to 09:00

J. Chipuro

Events for Actual Planning PhaseIdentifying Goals and Prioritization Developing strategies, projects and Activities

09:00 to 13:00

All Facilitators

Lunch 13:00 to 14:00

19

Disaster proofing 14:00 to 14:30

F. ChibayaProjects and Activities Sustainability check F. ChibayaEnd of Day

Day 4 : Thursday, 23-10-2008 Recap of Day 3

Events for Approval and Operationalisation of Plans PhaseDeveloping project concept notes requiring external support

08:00 to 10: 30

F. Chibaya

- Developing an Action PlanWriting up the Plan - M & E systems at community level

J. Chipuro

Events for Implementation, Monitoring & EvaluationWard Plan Finalisation meetingCommunity led Reflection systems and events

11:30 to 12:30

Eng. Sakarombe

Review of the Workshop 12:30 to 12:50

Community Leader; Headman Pabwe

Closing Remarks 12:50 to 13;00

Muomba (Headmaster Nyafaru Sch)

Lunch 13:00 to 14:00

20

Annex 2: The Project Concept Note Sheet requiring external supportThe groups were given the project concept sheets shown below. The projects that will have passed disaster proofing will then entered into these sheets. Adequate information was given on how to complete these sheets.

Project concept sheetsProject/activity nameObjective(s) (impact on clients)LocationTime to complete project or activityHow was the project identified and by whom?Who will benefit?How many people will benefit?What has to be done to achieve the project/activity?StakeholdersCompleted works will belong toActivities will be implemented by what groupCompleted works will be inspected byCompleted works will be operated byCompleted works will be maintained byInputs required: Own Other Local

government Other Other Total

MoneyLabour

MaterialsTransport

In kind resourcesTotal

What are operating costs? (and source of funds)What are maintenance costs? (and source of funds)

21

Annex 3: List of Socio-economic groups representatives & Stakeholders

Summary- 136 participants; 43 women and 93 men

1. PabweName Socioeconomic group

1 Charity Mandondo Orphans2 Mrs T. Mandondo Farmers3 Kasu Businesses4 Mutsvapo Primary School5 Mawoko Secondary School6 Gift Mavhudza Youths7 E. Kasu Churches8 Mairosi Magudza Aged9 Nemaungwa HIV & AIDS10 Mrs S. Mavudza Disabled11 Mrs Mahwani Caregivers12 C. Magonde Widowers13 Mrs Nzwengwa Widows14 Mrs F. Mavhudza Nurses15 P Pabwe Bee-keepers16 G. Kutiwa Traditional healers17 Mrs Mawoko Health18 Mrs M. Mavhudza Mid-wives19 Pabwe Headman

2. MandiwanziraName Socioeconomic group

1 Mrs. Tekesa Aged2 Mr. Tekesa Youths3 Owen Mandiwanzira Churches4 Mrs. P. M andiwanzira HIV & AIDS5 Garapo School6 Mrs. A. Nyapiware Disabled7 Mrs. J. Tekiwa Caregivers8 T. Tekedese Churches9 J. Sadimbi Farmers10 Mandiwanzira Headman

3. NyapimbiName Socioeconomic group

1 N. Nyakurinda Farmers2 T. Nyakurinda School3 A. Matsika Businesses4 T. Nyakapanga Youths5 Getrude Mavhungwa Churches6 Silas Tangwena Traditional Healers7 Reuben Mandiwandira Aged8 Fumisai Makarudze HIV & AIDS9 Chipo Makuya Disabled10 Maria Machingura Orphans11 Dorcas Chapinduka Caregivers12 Christine Machingura Widows13 Evison Mukanda Widowers14 Martin Kamunda Bee-keepers15 Ruth Kasu Health16 Fungai Chivono Ruvheneko17 R. Mukanya Unemployed18 Mrs. Matimbura Midwives19 Nyapimbi Headman

22

4. GooraName Socioeconomic group

1 D. Madhikondi Farmers2 S. Nyamachorongwa Businesses3 Maudie Nhanga School4 R. Manyau Youths5 Martha Nyakuimba Churches6 M. Mutape Traditional Healers7 M. Muomba Aged8 Maria Chipango HIV & AIDS9 Jane Kasu Disabled10 Joseph Maguze Orphans11 Maria Nyauchi Caregivers12 Miriam Goora Widows13 Bernard Kadowe Widowers14 Miriam Gumiso Unemployed15 P. Goora Poultry16 Goora Headman

5. TsatseName Socioeconomic group

1 Mrs. Nyamutova Farmers2 Mrs. Mukonza Poultry3 L. kasu Youths4 Chengemani Churches5 Mrs. Kazombe Traditional Healers6 Mutsvapo Aged7 Josephine Paurira Orphans8 Mrs. F. Mavhungwa Widows9 Kasu Bee-keepers10 Tsatse Headman

6. DzinduwaName Socioeconomic group

1 N. Satombo Farmers2 Monica Mudzi Widows3 K. Mhino Churches4 Tombo Poultry5 F. Matimbura Youths6 Dzinduwa Orphans7 Sadombo Disabled8 T. Korera Aged9 Debra Sadomo Caregivers10 Taringeni Beekeepers11 Dzinduwa Headman

7. TomboName Socioeconomic group

1 R. Mareya Poultry2 T. Sarurayi Beekeepers3 R. Mutsvapo Caregivers4 S. Nyakapanga Orphans5 A. Dziko Churches6 Josephine School7 Tombo Headman

8. MuombaName Socioeconomic group

1 Matimbura Farmers2 Mrs. Muomba Health3 Guta Aged4 J. Marombedza Businesses5 P. Machingura Disabled6 E. Naison Caregivers

23

7 Mrs. L. Hawo Widows8 R. Nyakuomba Churches9 Muomba Headman

9. MubataName Socioeconomic group

1 J. Matepo Farmers2 Mrs. Satombo Health3 Mrs. Matepo Poultry4 Mrs. J. Nyarango Traditional Healers5 R. Mubata Headman

10. NyamugafataName Socioeconomic group

1 L. Kavhenga Farmers2 Mrs. P. Kavhinga Caregivers3 M. Hamunyari Widows4 J. Samhu Orphans5 Nyamugafata Headman

11. PasipaoraName Socioeconomic group

12

12. StakeholdersName Representing

1 Eng. Sakarombe Nyanga Rural District Counil2 Noah Sigauke Practical Action3 Farai Chibaya Practical Action4 Reginald Mapfumo Practical Action5 Emmanuel Mungofa Southern Centre for Energy and

Environment6 Justice Chipuru Ministry of Energy and Power

Development7 Bvunzawabaya President’s Office8 Nyakasapo Ministry of Youth &9 Mapenzauswa Ministry of Transport10 Mr. Muomba Headmaster (Nyafaru Pr)11 Mr. Garape Dep. Head (Tsatse Pr) 12 Kutiwa Nurse in Charge (Nyafaru Clinic)13 Mrs. Mawoko AREX14 Nyakuritsa Health15 Huruva Teacher Nyafaru School16 Masola Teacher Nyafaru School (Plan

write-up)17 Nyakuritsa Teacher Nyafaru School (Plan

write-up)18 Nyakuritsa Teacher Nyafaru School19 Nemaunga Teacher Nyafaru School 20 Madondo Teacher Nyafaru School21 Mutsvapo Teacher Nyafaru School22 Mr. Mawoko Rep. of Nyafaru Sec Head23 Mrs. Mudya Tsatse Clinic (Caregiver)24 Mr. Nyagomo Ministry of Education (NRD)25 Mr. Muomba Headmaster (Magadzire Pr)

24

Annex 4: Assessment Tool

ASSESSMENT TOOL Meeting with group

Where

Date FacilitatorsV1 - ; V2 - ; V3 -V4 - ; V5 - ; V6 -V7 - ; V8 - ; V9 - V10 - ; V11 - V12 - Names of members of group (and ring whether male or female)1 m/f 2 m/f 3 m/f 4 m/f 5 m/f 6 m/f

V - V - V - V - V - V -7 m/f 8 m/f 9 m/f 10 m/f 11 m/f 12 m/f

V - V - V - V - V - V -

Item Respondent no1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1

2HumanAgeHousehold sizeStandard of education1. Pr; 2. Sec; 3.Tertiary; (4)noneCan read/write? 1. Yes; 2. NoSkills have(see below

Skills - needed(see belowDisease issues – inc HIV extent and seasonality (can do seasonality diagram)

Nutrition issues – how many meals a day and seasonality of intake

123456789

25

101112

Rain

Winter

SKILLS: 1. Farming; 2. Building; 3. Carpentry; 4. Mechanic; 5. Black-smithing; 6. Teacher; 7. Health Worker; 8. Welding; 9. Crafting; 10. Bee Keeping; 11. Dairy Farming; 12. Trout Farming; 13. PoultryFarming; 14. Cattle Ranching; 15. Irrigation farming- (a) potatoes, (b) wheat, (c) beans, (d) peas, (e) vegetables, (f) maize; 16. Others (marketing); 17. Electrician; 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24.Physical 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12HousingBrick under: (1) Zinc; (2) Asbestos; (3) Thatch; (4) ShackDomestic water (1) tape; (2) spring; (3) wells; (4) boreholes; (5) river

Sanitation (1) blair toilet; (2) flash; (3) bush; (4) pitElectricity: (1) Yes; (2) NoTransport: (1)

26

yes; (2) No-car-tractor-cart-bicycle-public transportLivestock (quantity)-Cattle-Sheep/goats-Horses-Donkeys-Pigs-PoultryAgricultural Equipment : (1) Yes; (2) No-tractors-plough-cultivator-harrow-scotch cutCommunication; 1. Yes; 2. No-Telephone-Radio-TV-Cell phone-Satellite

27

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12Public infrastructureClinics- >5km (Accessible)-X- <5km (Not accessible)- XDoes infrastructure contribute to quality of life and avoid harmful impact on the environment? For example, sanitation systems inappropriate to environmental conditions would include VIP toilets in areas with high water tables, or soak ways in areas with high clay content in the soils?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12Natural (what access to natural resources do they have including land (specify units), irrigation water, forest/trees, wildlife, communal land e.g. for grazing): 1. Yes; 2. No Land (units)Irrigation waterTrees, e.g. fruit treesAccess to woodlotsPollution problemsOther environmental issuesOther

Ask questions about the quality of land and water, not just quantity/access. For example, is land degraded/eroded? What kind of soils do you have in this area? Do not assume that the presence of an irrigation scheme is good, but ask about its reliability, cost, accessibility to poorer farmers, impact on the soil.

28

Tick one major source 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Financial (what are their sources of income, and what access to financial institutions do they have)Social grant e.g. pension

Remittance(from who)

Employment (what)

Business(what)

Income-gen projects

Loans

Social (Group discussion)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Groups they are part of.

Traditional structures

Traditional roles in the householdRoles they play in community/ other

29

Threats/Vulnerabilities (these are the EXTERNAL threats the group faces, NOT problems)

Organisations working with this group (what organisations provide services, CBOs, government, NGOs – note can also do a Venn if useful)

Desired outcomes (what are the outcomes they are looking for, the benefits for people, e.g. education, income, protection from HIV, not infrastructure, or services)

Strategies to reach outcomes (what livelihood strategies are they using now to achieve those outcomes – e.g. husband working on mines….). Financial and other strategies – financial may be covered under finance page.

Main constraints on strategies (what are the main things which limit their strategies)

30

Opportunities they perceive (and how does this relate to possible projects for the plan – these will be explored another time)

What livelihood strategies may be possible for them, bearing in mind opportunities – what projects would help

Key: (1) electricity; (2) firewood; (3) gas; (4) paraffin; (5) solar; (6) wattle stem wax; (7) candles; (8) batteries; (9) cow dung; (10) diesel

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12Current energy options in your community for-cooking-lighting-battery charging-entertainment-businessPreferred energy options for-cooking-lighting-battery charging-entertainment-businessEnergy consumption patternHow many bundles of firewood do you use for cooking and heating per month per household-in winter?-in rain season?

How many litres of paraffin do you use for lighting per month per month per household?

How many candles do you use per month per household?

How many candles do you use per month per household?

Energy cost1 litre of paraffin1 m3 of gas1 candle1 bundle of firewood1 kWh of electricity

What are the potential economic activities being hampered by lack of energy?

31

What are the community energy plans for (1) cooking; (2) lighting; (3) business & (4) other?

Are you aware of the existence of alternative or renewable sources of energy?

32

Annex 5a: Nyafaru Community Based Planning Preplanning Process-1

Date: 09-10-2008Time: 8.00am to 4.00pmTeam: Farai and Noah

The team started the day by identifying the Core Facilitating Team (CFT) for next week’s CBP and then assigning them tasks:Farai – Documentation, Facilitation and LogisticsJustice – FacilitationReginald – Documentation and photosNoah – Coordination; Lead facilitator and Logistics SCEE student on attachment - Documentation

1.0 Purpose: To meet the local leadership and brief them on the Energy CBP earmarked for the 14th to 17th of October 2008

2.0 HighlightsFollowing the visit by the Regional Hydro Technical Team to Nyafaru and Chipendeke, the social team composed of Noah Sigauke and Farai Chibaya made courtesy and procedural calls to the local leadership to debrief them on the proposed Energy CBP. The team successfully held the following four meetings:

1. Meeting with the Acting CEO of Nyanga Rural District Council (NRDC)2. Meeting with the Assistant DA3. Meeting with the officers at the President’s Office4. Meeting with Chief Tangwena and his seven council team which included his

assistant, son, two headman and three Aides.

The meetings were crucial in that they helped foster a shared understanding of the CBP process as well as the new project’s scope. Such an understanding would in turn help to dispel any ulterior motives often associated with NGO activities in the current Zimbabwean political kaleidoscope. Following the marathon meetings and field visits the team got the positive node to proceed with the proposed CBP workshop in ward 21. In addition the council, DA’s office and the President’s Office agreed to participate in the workshop as observers as it is integral with their development imperatives.

3.0 The Meetings1. Meeting with the Acting CEO of Nyanga Rural District Council (NRDC) (8 to 8.30am)Team: Mr. Muyambo (Acting CEO), Mr. Sithole (NRDC Treasurer), Noah and Farai The team first met Mr. Muyambo who is the Acting Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of NRDC and briefed him on the Energy CBP to be done in Ward 21 and explained that it as a follow up to the technical assessment recently carried out by Practical Action. In response Mr. Muyambo assured the team of the Council’s commitment to Practical Action activities in the district. He was particularly enthused by the whole concept of CBP (as it is a community empowering tool) and promised to attend the CBP sessions in his capacity as the Acting CEO and his role as planning personnel. After giving the team the green light he recommended us to visit the DA’s and

33

President’s offices and brief them on our mission. He facilitated the process of meeting the Acting DA at 10am. He also assigned the NRDC Engineer; Eng. Sakarombe to accompany us to Ward 21.

2. Meeting with the Assistant DA (10 to 10.30am)Team: Mr. Madondo, Mr. Muyambo, Noah and FaraiThe DA had gone to another meeting and we managed to meet Mr. Madondo who is the Assistant DA. The Acting CEO introduced us to the Assistant DA and debriefed him on our mission. We were given the chance to further explain our proposed CBP workshop plans and what it sought to achieve and how it adds to the whole project bigger picture. The Acting DA noted that under normal circumstances the first call in any ward will be the Local Councilor who will then take us to the Chief. Unfortunately at the time of our visit, Ward 21 did not have a Councilor following the death of the substantive incumbent. As a result the DA advised us to go direct to the chief. He could not give us someone from his office to accompany us; as he was the only person in his office. He however said that NRDC Engineer was going to represent the two offices (Council and DA’s). Mr. Madondo also advised that in case we do not find Chief Tangwena, we should present our case to the Headman or the Chief’s representative.He gave us the green light and emphasized that should there be any problems encountered in dealing with the communities we should instantly inform him and the CEO’s office. While we were discussing with him another NGO, Concern came and presented a conflict that resulted in one of the wards during their registration for food distribution the previous day. Unfortunately the meeting to resolve the dispute was to be held the following day; hence we did not hear the verdict. However, this enabled him to revisit his point to us of the need to inform him of any conflicts that can arise in our deliberations with communities. At the end of the meeting Noah and I proceeded to the President’s Office for another protocol and clearance meeting.

3. Meeting with the officers at the President’s Office (10.45 to 11.00am)Team: Mr. Rukuni, Mr. Mharadzanwa & Mr. Bvunzawabaya (Officers at the Nyanga Presidential Office), Noah and FaraiWe were welcomed by Mr. Bvunzawabaya who accompanied us to the President’s office where we met Mr. Rukuni and Mr. Mharadzanwa (Tel 0298-655). The close scrutiny and screening done by these officers was unmistakable. Noah debriefed the Officers on the purpose of our visit, and a detailed account of our organisation from the time it was called ITDG & how it acquired such a name to the change to Practical Action; and its activities in the country and Nyanga in particular. Following the elaborate and comprehensive presentation the Office granted green light to next week’s CBP workshop and emphasised that should we encounter any differences with the community we should promptly revert to their offices. The team was given an officer Mr. Bvunzawabaya to accompany it on the field trip to ward 21.

4. Meeting with Chief Tangwena and his seven council team which included his assistant, son two headmen and three Aides. (2.30 to 3.45pm) (At Magadzire School)

Team: Chief Tangwena, Seven members of the Chief’s council (Chief’s Assistant, Son 2 headmen and 3 Chief’s Aides), Mr. Bvunzawabaya, Eng. Sakarombe, Noah and Farai

34

Eng. Sakarombe introduced us to the Chief. The Chief’s Assistant introduced the chief and his crew to us.

A traditional token fee of Z$20 000, 00 to enable us to introduce our mission to the chief was paid by Noah.

Noah proceeded to debrief the chief and his team on the purpose of our mission, the scope and whole process of CBP and why it’s an integral part of the whole project. The chief and his team just like the Acting CEO were also enthused that CBP was crucial tool meant to put communities at the centre of planning, implementation and ensure that service providers (including NGOs) become accountable to the people as opposed to the conventional models where communities are treated as passive recipients of development aid. In this regards Chief Tangwena promised to attend in person himself.

Chief Tangwena applauded the team for following rightful procedure particularly for seeking green light from the DA, CEO and President’s Office who had acknowledged and given us officers to accompany the team. With these words of acknowledgement the chief said the team was highly welcomed into his area from now on until we finish the project.

Noah went on to emphasize that since the key beneficiaries of CBP process and output will be ward 21 community there was need for them to make adequate preparations to ensure proceedings will go on smoothly (including mobilization of food and identification of suitable venue) for the three to four days of the planning work.

The chief and his crew highlighted that the people were starving and did not have grain at all. He asked us to help with mealie-meal and meat.

He assured us that the community will be able to provide pots, vegetables, firewood and an appropriate venue for the workshop.

It emerged that there are 11 villages in Ward 21. The chief was quite receptive and he assigned his aides to straight away

start informing all the village heads and heads of the schools in Ward 21 about the proposed CBP.

The need to have representatives being actual members of the socio-economic they will be representing was reemphasized

It was agreed that all the people from the 11 villages will meet at Magadzire School (venue of the meeting) next Monday so to select representatives of the different socio-economic groups.

Practical Action and the officers from NRDC, DA and President’s office will arrive on Tuesday at 11am so as to meet the selected socio-economic representatives and being led by the chief explain CBP objectives. Resource envelope of the process, venue and community contribution to be finalized on this day.

It was agreed that the Energy CBP will be done from Wednesday to Friday.

It was agreed that there will be no food for the CBP launch to the different groups on Tuesday.

Annex 5b: Nyafaru Community Based Planning Preplanning Process-2

35

Date: 14-10-2008Time: Team: Farai, Noah, Reginald, Emmanual Mungofa (SCEE), Justice Chipuru (called the TEAM herein)

1.0 Purpose: To meet the local leadership and brief them on the Energy CBP earmarked for the 20th to 24th of October 2008

2.0 BackgroundThis is a follow up to an earlier preplanning visit to Nyanga by Noah and Farai. Following a debriefing meeting with the energy team and partners (Southern Centre for Energy and Environment and Ministry of Energy and Power Development) the consensus was that the scheduled CBP workshop on 14-17 October had not been adequately organized in view of the short time frame for the training (3 days). In addition stakeholder partners apart from the Council, DA, AREX and President’s Office had also been omitted. Other recommendations from the workshop included;

1. Need to involve other stakeholders, government ministries and NGOs working in NRDC

2. Need to have at least 5 days instead of the 3 days we had preplanned for.3. Need to consult the people to hear their views where they want the workshop

to be held; instead of solely buying the Chief’s selected venue; distances walked by the furthest people need to be taken into consideration.

4. The need to relate that this was going to be a participatory process for the people to come out with their Ward Strategic Plan and hence the need for the people to be the major contributors in the whole process including the feeding of themselves and the facilitators during the workshop proceedings

5. Need for a whole CBP Package and not only concentrate on Energy so as to have an Integral Ward Strategic Plan.

3.0 OUTPUTS OF THE FINAL PREPLANNING PROCESSThe TEAM achieved the following:

Nyafaru CBP will be held from the 20th to the 24th of October at Nyafaru Mission. All the 11 villages will be fully represented by the different socio-economic group members. 200 people are expected to attend. Those from far-away villages will be accommodated at Nyafaru Mission throughout the Workshop proceedings. A Hall and class-rooms will be used for the various sessions. The full details of the proceedings will be given in the Ward 21 (Nyanga) Strategic Plan. It was quite interesting to note that we had started the CBP roll-out process with a Ward with highly educated people who fully supported the idea of having a Ward Plan.

Chipendeke CBP preplanning process will be finalized next week on the 23rd of October 2008. Part of the TEAM will meet the Councilor and 16 Headmen of Ward 22 of Mutare Rural District; Chipendeke being one of the 16 villages. The venue of the meeting will be Gutaurare. Dates, logistics and venue for the Ward 22 (Mutare Rural) CBP will be availed after this meeting.

4. 0 Highlights of the second visits:

36

A. Day 1 (Tuesday 14-10-2008)5. Travelling from Harare to Nyanga6. Workshop food-stuffs (200 kg maize meal, 10 litres and 10 kg salt) given to

the Rhodes Hotel Stores Officer.7. Travelling from Nyanga to Magadzire School being accompanied by an

officer from the President’s Office8. Meeting with the Chief, two Headman and ten ward members (2pm to 2.45

pm) and the way forward.a. A multitude of people from the 11 villages of Ward 21 gathered at

Magadzire School in anticipation to meet the TEAM. The meeting was supposed to start at 11 am. Unfortunately due to delays in getting money for the CBP process we arrived at 2.15pm. People had already started going home from 2pm.

b. Fortunately the TEAM accompanied by Mr. Bvunzawabaya (President’s Office) held a meeting with the Chief; Chief’s Aide s, two village Headman and 7 Ward 21 members. The TEAM apologized for the late arrival.

c. It was resolved that the TEAM will meet the Chief and 11 Village Headmen at Nyafaru Mission; on Thursday 16-10-2008 at 11am to finalise the preplanning process.

B. Day 2 (Wednesday 15-10-2008)1. Drafting of the invitation letter shown below for the Stakeholders (7.00am to

7.30am).

15 October 2008

No 4 Ludlow RoadNewlands1744Harare

Attention………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………

Dear Sir

REF : Invitation to Ward 21 Community Based Planning Workshop (CBP) 20 th to 24 th

October 2008 at Nyafaru School

37

As a valued stakeholder in the development of Nyanga district we are inviting your organisation/ department to attend a CBP Workshop which will be held in Ward 21 at Nyafaru School from the 20th to the 24th of October 2008.

Practical Action formerly ITDG has been working in ward 21 since 1993 installing micro-hydro and irrigation schemes at Nyafaru and Nyamarimbira. At present Practical Action has two energy projects namely; E-MINDSET and Regional Hydro. As part of the baseline process we are proposing to come up with a Ward Development Plan which will be formulated by the socio-economic groups in Ward 21. The Ward Development Plan will not be limited to energy issues alone but to a broad spectrum of development priorities. It is in this context that your participation will enhance the whole process.

The following will be expected to participate: representatives of the different socio-economic groups of the 11 villages of Ward 21; Community Leaders; Officers from Nyanga Rural District Council (NRDC), DA’s Office, extension agents and NGOs in all sectors in Nyanga District.

Yours Faithfully

Noah Sigauke-Monitoring and Evaluation Coordinator

2. Meeting with CEO and Engineer of NRDC (9am to 10am) -The TEAM updated the CEO of CBP preparations- The TEAM asked the CEO to send the above invitation letter to all the stakeholders in NRDC and he accepted - Listing of the stakeholders was done collectively- Positive node by the CEO to make the whole process a Ward rather than a Practical Action initiative -The CEO expressed that this was a novel idea to the District and that he was very keen to participate in the whole process.

3. Travelling from Nyanga to Mutare

4. Meeting with Projects Personnel Officer of Mutare Rural District Council (MRDC) and briefing them on our mission (12pm to 12,45pm)

The TEAM met Mr. Chinaka (CEO of MRDC); Mr. Raini Musungo (District of MRDC) and Mr. Mutaurwa (Projects Planning Officer of MRDC). - Introductions were done- The mission of the TEAM was presented. - History of Practical Action was presented.- The CEO welcomed us to his District. - The CEO lamented on the idea of other organisations and people who have

visited his office with just promises and higher expectations to his District but thereafter nothing materializes. “I hope Practical Action will not be like such organisations”, said the CEO.

38

- The DA (Mr. Mudzviti) was not in his office. The CEO gave us permission to go to Chipendeke to meet the Ward 21 Councilor Mr. Nyamhere. The CEO said he will relay the message to the DA, but advised us to visit the DA and inform him of our intentions.

- Mr. Mutaurwa accompanied us to Chipendeke.

5. Travelling from Mutare to Chipendeke

6. Meeting with the Councillor (3pm to 4pm) -The TEAM together with the MRDC Projects Planning Officer had a successful meeting with the councilor, Mr. Nyamhere of Ward 22 and at the end we travelled with him to Mutare where he had to attend a meeting with other councilors the following day.-Ward 22 has 16 villages.-It was agreed that the final Ward 22 Preplanning Meeting will be held at Gutaurare which is the central point of the Ward. Part of the TEAM, representatives from the CEO’s and DA’s Offices and the Councilor will meet to conclude CBP preplanning process.

7. Travelling from Chipendeke to Mutare to Nyanga

C. Day 3 (Thursday 15-08-2008)1. Meeting with CEO of NRDC -This was a meeting to get feedback from the CEO concerning the response from the invited stakeholders.-The various stakeholders raised the issue of transport to and from Nyafaru and the allowances issue.-The TEAM highlighted that they will give the final answer after finalizing all the logistics with the Ward 21 Headmen. However it was highlighted that if another vehicle could be found; fuel will be provided-It was highlighted that Practical Action does not give any allowances.-The TEAM was accompanied to Ward 21 by Mr. Bvunzawabaya and Eng. Sakarombe.

2. Meeting with Chief Representatives, Headmen of Ward 21 and Nyafaru School Headmasters (11.30am to 12pm and 3.18pm to 4.31pm)

o The first session of the meeting composed the TEAM, Mr. Bvunzawabaya, Eng. Sakarombe (Chairing), Mr. Muomba (Headman and Headmaster of Magadzire Primary School), Mr Muomba (Headmaster Nyafaru Secondary), Ma MaVhudzi (Chief’s council), Mr. Pabwe (Headman of Nyafaru), Mr. Jazi Chief’s Representative), Deputy Headmaster of Nyafaru Sec as the Headmaster had gone to another meeting.

o It was put to the attention of the participants that the word of the meeting had not reached all the Headmen due to the fact that few pupils were coming to school. Nyafaru secondary day scholars are the usual message carriers.

39

o It was resolved that the vehicle should make a follow up to those headman who could be accessed. The meeting was adjourned to 2pm.

o 4 Headmen were found and hence the second session of the meeting was from 3.18 to 4.31pm.

o The Chief’s representative assured us that he will meet the other 5 Headman starting from the same day.

o Apology for coming late on Tuesday was done.o Background of Practical Action well known as ITDG in Ward 21 was

given.o The two Projects (EMINDSET and Regional Hydro) being done by

Practical Action in Ward 21 were made known to the participants.o The objectives of a CBP were presented.o The major outputs of the CBP being a comprehensive Ward Plan and

Committed Community ready to implement own initiatives that fulfill their shared vision over the stated time were highly emphasized and well understood by the participants.

o Nyafaru School because if its boarding facilities was unanimously agreed as the CBP venue for the five days. Starting time will be 9am on the first day and 8.30am for the other 4 day. The CBP will end at 3.00pm each day and after lunch on the fifth day.

o List of the expected socio-economic groups was collectively noted on the chalkboard. It was emphasized that there was room of including any other groups which might have been left out by the participants. The need for the representatives of the different socio-economic groups to start consulting and continue to consult their group members was over-emphasized.

o It was agreed that cooks will be selected form Pabwe Village. o It was clearly spelt out that this was a community planning process and

hence people assigned any tasks were doing it for the ward’s sake and hence no monetary gain should be anticipated.

o Practical Action basing on the advice from Chief Tangwena that people were starving; presented the foodstuffs it had acquired for the CBP process. Being aided by the kitchen staff for the boarding it was deduced that 70kg of mealie-meal were required to feed 200 people per day. Practical Action had 100 kg for the five days. The Headmen together with the Chief Representative assured us that they will find ways of getting the other 250kg of mealie-meal and other requirements. The full details of the foodstuffs will be presented in the Ward Plan.

o The school Heads of Nyafaru assured us that people from far away villages approximately 70 will be accommodated at the school throughout the week. A Hall and classrooms that will be used during the CBP process will be provided by the school. A TEAM member suggested that this was the opportune time to bring in the energy saving bulbs so as to start preaching the energy efficiency on the Demand side.

o 200 socio-economic representatives from the 11 villages are expected to attend the five day workshop. classrooms will be availed. Practical Action proposed to bring 10 bulbs for the rooms

40

o “Nyafaru school will be responsible for the Documentation of the Ward Plan, as this is supposed to be a comprehensive document which could be presented to any donor community or the President”, said the headmaster of Magadzire Primary School who is also a Headman.

D. Day 4 (Friday 16-08-2008)1. Meeting with CEO NRDC to finalize on CBP Logistics for the invited stakeholders.

Annex 6: MileageDistance from Tombo turn-off (tar) to:

Pabwe Village – 32 km (560 households) Madziwanzira Village – 18 km (159HH) Nyapimbi Village – 44 km (110HH) Goora Village – 43 km Tsatse Village – 22 km Nyamugafata Village – 6 km Pasipaora Village – 11 km Dzinduwa Village – 48 km Mubata Village – 54 km Tombo Village – 50 km Muomba Village – 45 km

41