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Conditionals

Francis Alvarez

Fernanda Gmez

14th November 2012

If

Universidad de Santiago de ChileFacultad de Humanidades - Departamento de Lingstica yLiteraturaGrammar Theory

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!H"T#S " C$%DT$%"L S&%T&%C&'

" conditional sentence is a comple( structure)hich incorporates the use is an F CL"US&*

F CL"US&+ ndicates a condition )hich is

necessary ,or something else to happen*(When, provided that, on condition that)

IF CLAUSE ,(THEN) IF CLAUSE (NO COMMA)

CONITION CONSE!UENCE CONSE!UENCE CONITION

(dependent) (independent) (independent) (dependent)

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&.$ C$%DT$%"L

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&.$ C$%DT$%"L/ G&%&."L C$%DT$%"L0

It is used to describe a situation that is ala!s truth and it is used to tal"about hat !ou normall! do in real#life situations$

1resent Simple 2 1resent Continuous3 1resent Simple

F CL"US& C$%S&4U&%C&

o IfI go to the movies, I come back late.

o The students go to classesif they have a good teacher.

o If I am driving, I never answer my cell phone

o Please dont disturb me ifI am sleeping

o Ifyou heat water until 100, it boils

o When students study systematically,they get good grades

o Whenyou get in!ured, you go to the doctor "no time relationship#

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F.ST C$%DT$%"L

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It is used to describe a real or possible situation in the future.

Present Will /Wont/May/Can/Must/Shoud + Infinitive

I$ %&'() *+()')+)

o Ifthe workers go on strike,the train services will be disrupted

o (arah and -avid canstayhome ifthey dont want to go out.

o If Tom has too much to do, he shouldassomeone to help him

oIf&nna has inished work by / oclock, she will!ohome

o Ifary has been studying all night, she willprobably needa good breakast

o Ifthe lorry driver has driven all that way since this morning, he will betired

o Ifyou try to do this without any help, youre !oin! toail

F.ST C$%DT$%"L/ 1$SS5L& C$%DT$%"L0

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S&C$%D C$%DT$%"L

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It is used to describe a h!%othetical situation in the %resent or in the future$It could be an ima&inar! or im%robable situation

'im%le (ast ) (ast Continuous* +ould),i&ht)Could - Infinitive

F CL"US& C$%S&4U&%C&

S&C$%D C$%DT$%"L/ 61.$5"5L& C$%DT$%"L0

o If )ere rich3 ouldbu!a huge mansion in 6ontecarlo

o Ifthey gave me a chance3 thet ouldntre&retit

o Ifyou )ent to .ome3 ouldyou visitthe Coliseum'o !e could&o outifit )ere not raining

o If he didn7t live 8y the river3 he couldn.t&o,ishing*

o hat wouldyou do ifyou lived in $rance2

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TH.D C$%DT$%"L

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TH.D C$%DT$%"L/TH& 61$SS5L& C$%DT$%"L0

It is used to describe a h!%othetical situation from the %astand it is called /he Im%ossible Conditional because as e

are tal"in& about the %ast* there is no real %ossibilit! for thisto ha%%en$

(ast (erfect* +ould)Could),i&ht - (resent (erfect

F CL"US& C$%S&4U&%C&

o Ifyou hadcalled me, I couldhave co"e

o Ifwe had paid the rent, we wouldthavebeenevicted

o I couldhavetoldhim ifI had seen him

o Ifyou had driven more careully, you wouldt have hadan accident

o hat wouldyou have saidifhe had asked you2

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Fi(ed phrases

To give advice+ if I ere !ou , )ere you3 )ould ,ly to reland right no)

, )ere you3 )ould home

To e(press regret + if onl! , only had told them the truth 3 could have )or9ed therelonger

To ma9e a re:uest+ if !ou dont mind

, you don#t mind3 )ould li9e you to 8ring me my stu,,stomorro)

To ma9e a :uestion+ hat if

!hat i, )e )al9 to the 8each '

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Summary

Condition

al

3asic Form

ero , or !hen ; 1resent Simple 2 1resent Simple

t ; n,initive

?rd , ; 1ast 1er,ect 2 !ould or !ouldn>t have ; 1resent1er,ect

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8i8liography

"L&@"%D&.3 L* Longman &nglish Grammar 1ractice

australianet)or9*net

)))*englishpage*com

)))*egoAu*com

)))*shertonenglish*com)))*e8pai*com

presentsimpleesl*)ordpress*com