Conveyer Report

8/18/2019 Conveyer Report

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In our paper “MULTI DIMENSION WITH INSPECTION CONVEYOR” beings

i!" an in!ro#u$!ion !o %a!eria& Inspe$!ion' i!(s )arious app&i$a!ions* T"e sensors

are use# !o %easure !"e %a!eria& #i%ensions an# !"is signa& is gi)en !o $on!ro&

Uni!* T"e $on!ro& uni! gi)es !"e appropria!e signa& !o !"e pneu%a!i$ $+&in#er* T"e

pneu%a!i$ $+&in#er is use# !o $o&&e$!ing %e$"anis% o, !"e i%proper #i%ension

%a!eria&s* T"e inspe$!ion $on)e+or is )er+ use,u& ,or %a!eria& "an#&ing in %o#ern

engineering in#us!ries* T"e %o!or is use# !o #ri)e !"e $on)e+or* T"e %a!eria&s are

!rans,erre# ,ro% one p&a$e !o ano!"er p&a$e b+ using $on)e+or* In !"is !op o, !"e

$on)e+or' sensors are use# !o %easure !"e #i%ension* T"is s+s!e% gi)es s%oo!"

opera!ion an# s%oo!" %o)e%en! o, !"e be&!s !o !"e -obs a! re.uire# !i%e* T"is is a

)er+ e,,i$ien! ins!ru%en! ,or $"e$/ing !"e #i%ensions &i/e &eng!"' brea#!"' "eig"!

e!$*' !o be use# in %o#ern engineering in#us!ries* T"e %anua& e,,or!s $an be

$o%p&e!e&+ a)oi#e# b+ using !"is %o#ern e.uip%en!* I! a&so re#u$es !"e inspe$!ion

!i%e an# %anua& inspe$!ion errors* I, !"e or/ pie$e is #e,e$!i)e' !"e pneu%a!i$

$+&in#er p&a$e# ne0! !o !"e sensor i&& be a$!ua!e# !o re%o)e !"e #e,e$!i)e or/

pie$e*


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INRODUCTION

T"is is an era o, au!o%a!ion "ere i! is broa#&+ #e,ine# as rep&a$e%en! o, %anua&

e,,or! b+ %e$"ani$a& poer in a&& #egrees o, au!o%a!ion* T"e opera!ion re%ains an

essen!ia& par! o, !"e s+s!e% a&!"oug" i!" $"anging #e%an#s on p"+si$a& inpu! as

!"e #egree o, %e$"ani1a!ion is in$rease#* Degrees o, au!o%a!ion are o, !o !+pes'

)i1*

2u&& au!o%a!ion*

Se%i au!o%a!ion*

In se%i au!o%a!ion a $o%bina!ion o, %anua& e,,or! an# %e$"ani$a& poer isre.uire# "ereas in ,u&& au!o%a!ion "u%an par!i$ipa!ion is )er+ neg&igib&e*

Need For Automation

3u!o%a!ion $an be a$"ie)e# !"roug" $o%pu!ers' "+#rau&i$s' pneu%a!i$s' robo!i$s'

e!$*' o, !"ese sour$es' pneu%a!i$s ,or% an a!!ra$!i)e %e#iu% ,or &o $os!

au!o%a!ion* T"e %ain a#)an!ages o, a&& pneu%a!i$ s+s!e%s are e$ono%+ an#

si%p&i$i!+* 3u!o%a!ion p&a+s an i%por!an! ro&e in %ass pro#u$!ion* 2or %ass

pro#u$!ion o, !"e pro#u$!' !"e %a$"ining opera!ions #e$i#e !"e se.uen$e o,

%a$"ining* T"e %a$"ines #esigne# ,or pro#u$ing a par!i$u&ar pro#u$! are $a&&e#

!rans,er %a$"ines* T"e $o%ponen!s %us! be %o)e# au!o%a!i$a&&+ ,ro% !"e bins !o

)arious %a$"ines se.uen!ia&&+ an# !"e ,ina& $o%ponen! $an be p&a$e# separa!e&+ ,or

pa$/aging* Ma!eria&s $an a&so be repea!e#&+ !rans,erre# ,ro% !"e %o)ing $on)e+ors

!o !"e or/ p&a$e an# )i$e )ersa*

Quality Control and Inspection are !"e %os! i%por!an! !"ings in ,a$!or+ #esign*

3u!o%a!ion p&a+s a )i!a& ro&e in %ass pro#u$!ion o, a pro#u$!' !"e %a$"ining


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opera!ions #e$i#es !"e se.uen$e o, %a$"ining* T"e %a$"ines #esigne# ,or

pro#u$ing a par!i$u&ar pro#u$! are $a&&e# !rans,er %a$"ines* Con)e+or 3u!o%a!ion

is a spe$ia&i1e# a$!i)i!+ ,or a %o#ern %anu,a$!uring $on$ern* I! "as been es!i%a!e#

!"a! abou! 456758 o, !"e $os! pro#u$!ion is spen! in %a!eria& !rans,erring a$!i)i!ies*

Need for Conveyor Automation:

Re#u$!ion o, &abour an# %a!eria& $os!

Re#u$!ion o, o)era&& $os! In$rease# pro#u$!ion In$rease# sa,e!+

To re#u$e !"e inspe$!ion !i%e

Re#u$!ion in ,a!igue


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CHAPTER –

!ITERAT"RE #"R$E%

PNE"&ATIC#

T"e or# 9pneu%a( $o%es ,ro% :ree/ an# %eans brea!"er in#* T"e or#

pneu%a!i$s is !"e s!u#+ o, air %o)e%en! an# i!s p"eno%ena is #eri)e# ,ro% !"e

or# pneu%a* To#a+ pneu%a!i$s is %ain&+ un#ers!oo# !o %eans !"e app&i$a!ion o,

air as a or/ing %e#iu% in in#us!r+ espe$ia&&+ !"e #ri)ing an# $on!ro&&ing o,

%a$"ines an# e.uip%en!*

Pneu%a!i$s "as ,or so%e $onsi#erab&e !i%e be!een use# ,or $arr+ing ou!

!"e si%p&es! %e$"ani$a& !as/s in %ore re$en! !i%es "as p&a+e# a %ore i%por!an!

ro&e in !"e #e)e&op%en! o, pneu%a!i$ !e$"no&og+ ,or au!o%a!ion*

Pneu%a!i$ s+s!e%s opera!e on a supp&+ o, $o%presse# air "i$" %us! be

%a#e a)ai&ab&e in su,,i$ien! .uan!i!+ an# a! a pressure !o sui! !"e $apa$i!+ o, !"e

s+s!e%* W"en !"e pneu%a!i$ s+s!e% is being a#op!e# ,or !"e ,irs! !i%e' "oe)er i!

i&&s in#ee# !"e ne$essar+ !o #ea& i!" !"e .ues!ion o, $o%presse# air supp&+*

T"e /e+ par! o, an+ ,a$i&i!+ ,or supp&+ o, $o%presse# air is b+ %eans using

re$ipro$a!ing $o%pressor* 3 $o%pressor is a %a$"ine !"a! !a/es in air' gas a! a

$er!ain pressure an# #e&i)ere# !"e air a! a "ig" pressure*

Co%pressor $apa$i!+ is !"e a$!ua& .uan!i!+ o, air $o%presse# an# #e&i)ere#

an# !"e )o&u%e e0presse# is !"a! o, !"e air a! in!a/e $on#i!ions na%e&+ a!

a!%osp"ere pressure an# nor%a& a%bien! !e%pera!ure*

T"e $o%pressibi&i!+ o, !"e air as ,irs! in)es!iga!e# b+ Rober! ;o+&e in an#

!"a! ,oun# !"a! !"e pro#u$! o, pressure an# )o&u%e o, a par!i$u&ar .uan!i!+ o, gas*


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T"e usua& ri!!en as

PV ? C @orA PBVB ? P>V>

In !"is e.ua!ion !"e pressure is !"e abso&u!e pressure# "i$" ,or ,ree is abou!


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CHAPTER '

Features of PIC()F*++

T"e PICG%3A*

• Co%%er$ia&' in#us!ria& an# e0!en#e# !e%pera!ure ranges*

• Lo poer $onsu%p!ion @5*4%3 !+pi$a& )6MH1' >53 !+pi$a& )6

>MH1 an# < 3 !+pi$a& s!an#b+A*

Perip-eral Features

• Ti%er 5 F bi! !i%erJ$oun!er i!" pre6s$a&ar*


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• Ti%er


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#pecial Features

•


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Pin Diagra%s o, PIC


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PORT63 R365 !o R36G 4 bi!

PORT6; R;65 !o R;67 F bi!

PORT6C RC65 !o RC67 F bi!

PORT6D RD65 !o RD67 F bi!

PORT6E RE65 !o RE6> bi!

3&& !"ese por!s are bi6#ire$!iona&* T"e #ire$!ion o, !"e por! is $on!ro&&e# b+ using

TRIS@A regis!ers @TRIS 3 use# !o se! !"e #ire$!ion o, PORT63' TRIS ; use# !o se!

!"e #ire$!ion ,or PORT6;' e!$*A* Se!!ing a TRIS@A bi! 9C %o#es*

• DT !"ese are s+n$"ronous #a!a !er%ina&s*

• C s+n$"ronous $&o$/ inpu!*

• SD5 SPI #a!a ou!pu! @SPI Mo#eA*

• SDC Mo#e*

• CCP< an# CCP> !"ese are $ap!ureJ$o%pareJPWM %o#u&es*

•

OSC os$i&&a!or ou!pu!J$&o$/ ou!*

• MCLR %as!er $&ear pin @3$!i)e &o rese!A*

• Vpp progra%%ing )o&!age inpu!*

• THV Hig" )o&!age !es! %o#e $on!ro&&ing*

• Vre, @J6A re,eren$e )o&!age*


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#isp&a+ing spe$ia& e)en $us!o% $"ara$!ers @un&i/e in se)en

seg%en!sA' ani%a!ions an# so on*

3 ()2 !C0 %eans i! $an #isp&a+ su$" &ines* In !"is LCD ea$" $"ara$!er is #isp&a+e# in G07 pi0e& %a!ri0*

T"is LCD "as !o regis!ers' na%e&+' Co%%an# an# Da!a*

T"e $o%%an# regis!er s!ores !"e $o%%an# ins!ru$!ions gi)en !o

!"e LCD* 3 $o%%an# is an ins!ru$!ion gi)en !o LCD !o #o a pre#e,ine# !as/ &i/e

ini!ia&i1ing i!' $&earing i!s s$reen' se!!ing !"e $ursor posi!ion' $on!ro&&ing #isp&a+ e!$*

T"e #a!a regis!er s!ores !"e #a!a !o be #isp&a+e# on !"e LCD* T"e #a!a is !"e 3SCII

)a&ue o, !"e $"ara$!er !o be #isp&a+e# on !"e LCD* C&i$/ !o &earn %ore abou!

in!erna& s!ru$!ure o, a LCD*


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PIN 0E#CRIPTI3N:

Pin

No Function Name

< :roun# @5VA :roun#

> Supp&+ )o&!ageQ GV @*7V K G*VA V$$

Con!ras! a#-us!%en!Q !"roug" a )ariab&e resis!or VEE Se&e$!s $o%%an# regis!er "en &oQ an# #a!a regis!er

"en "ig"

Regis!er

Se&e$!

G Lo !o ri!e !o !"e regis!erQ Hig" !o rea# ,ro% !"e

regis!er

Rea#Jri!e

4 Sen#s #a!a !o #a!a pins "en a "ig" !o &o pu&se is gi)en Enab&e

7

F6bi! #a!a pins

D;5

F D;<

= D;>


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pro,,ere# a+ o, in!er,a$ing a DC %o!or* T"ese #a+s %an+ IC %anu,a$!urers "a)e

H6bri#ge %o!or #ri)ers a)ai&ab&e in !"e %ar/e! &i/e L>=D is %os! use# H6;ri#ge

#ri)er IC* H6bri#ge $an a&so be %a#e i!" !"e "e&p o, !ransis!ors an# MOS2ETs

e!$* ra!"er o, being $"eap' !"e+ on&+ in$rease !"e si1e o, !"e #esign boar#' "i$" is

so%e!i%es no! re.uire# so using a s%a&& A "as a i#e range ,ro% *GV !o 4V' "i$" "as %a#e L>=D a bes! $"oi$e,or DC %o!or #ri)er*3 si%p&e s$"e%a!i$ ,or in!er,a$ing a DC %o!or using L>=D

is s"on be&o*


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17/31

Fi/ure 457 !6'0 8it- dc motor

3s +ou $an see in !"e $ir$ui!' !"ree pins are nee#e# ,or in!er,a$ing a DC %o!or @3';' Enab&eA* I, +ou an! !"e oJp !o be enab&e# $o%p&e!e&+ !"en +ou $an $onne$!

Enab&e !o VCC an# on&+ > pins nee#e# ,ro% $on!ro&&er !o %a/e !"e %o!oror/*3s

per !"e !ru!" %en!ione# in !"e i%age abo)e i!s ,air&+ si%p&e !o progra% !"e

%i$ro$on!ro&&er* I!(s a&so $&ear ,ro% !"e !ru!" !ab&e o, ;T $ir$ui! an# L>=D !"e

progra%%ing i&& be sa%e ,or bo!" o, !"e%' -us! /eeping in %in# !"e a&&oe#

$o%bina!ions o, 3 an# ;* We i&& #is$uss abou! progra%%ing in C as e&& as

asse%b&+ ,or running %o!or i!" !"e "e&p o, a %i$ro$on!ro&&er*

Hig" Le,! Hig" Rig"! Lo Le,! Lo Rig"! Des$rip!ion

On O,, O,, On Mo!or runs $&o$/ise

O,, On On O,, Mo!or runs an!i6$&o$/ise

On On O,, O,, Mo!or s!ops or #e$e&era!es

O,, O,, On On Mo!or s!ops or #e$e&era!es

Ta9le 45( Trut- ta9le of dc motor

No +ou %ig"! be !"in/ing "+ i #i# no! #is$uss !"e $ases &i/e Hig" si#e &e,! on

an# Lo si#e &e,! on or "ig" si#e rig"! on an# &o si#e rig"! on* C&ear&+ seen in !"e

#iagra' +ou #on! an! !o burn +our poer supp&+ b+ s"or!ing !"e%* So !"a! is "+

!"ose $o%bina!ions are no! #is$usse# in !"e !ru!" !ab&e*


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So e "a)e seen !"a! using si%p&e si!$"ing e&e%en!s e $an %a/e our on H6

;ri#ge' or o!"er op!ion e "a)e is using an IC base# H6bri#ge #ri)er*


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!inear Po8er #upply:

3 &inear poer supp&+ is !"e oes! an# si%p&es! !+pe o, poer supp&+* In !"ese poer supp&ies' e&e$!ri$a& iso&a!ion $an on&+ be pro)i#e# b+ bu&/+ &ine ,re.uen$+

!rans,or%ers* T"e a$ sour$e $an be re$!i,ie# i!" a bri#ge re$!i,ier !o ge! an

un$on!ro&&e# #$' an# !"en a #$6!o6#$ $on)er!er $an be use# !o ge! a $on!ro&&e# #$

ou!pu!* 2igure *= s"os !"e b&o$/ #iagra% o, !"e Linear poer supp&+ an# ,igure

*


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)o&!age bu! "ig"er $urren!* T"e s!ep #on !rans,or%er $on)er!s !"e 3C inpu! i!"

!"e "ig"er &e)e& !o so%e &oer &e)e&*

3 bri#ge re$!i,ier $on)er!s !"e 3C )o&!age in!o DC )o&!age* 3 ,our6!ransis!or

$on)er!er @;ri#ge Re$!i,ierA !"a! $an genera!e !"e "ig"es! ou!pu! poer !"an o!"er

!+pes o, re$!i,iers* T"e ,i&!er $ir$ui! resis!s !"e unan!e# 3C signa&s* T"e regu&a!or

#on6$on)er! a DC )o&!age !o a &oer DC )o&!age o, !"e sa%e po&ari!+*

Fi/ 45) Circuit 0ia/ram for 7$ po8er #upply


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&ulti output Po8er #upply:

I! is a&so possib&e !o genera!e %u&!ip&e )o&!ages using &inear poer supp&ies* In%u&!i ou!pu! poer supp&+ a sing&e )o&!age %us! be $on)er!e# in!o !"e re.uire#

s+s!e% )o&!ages @,or e0a%p&e' GV' V an# 6VA i!" )er+ "ig" poer

$on)ersion e,,i$ien$+*2ig *


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Fi/ 45+ &ulti output linear po8er #upply

"!TRA#3NIC #EN#3R

T"e or/ing o, !"e u&!rasoni$ sensors is .ui!e si%p&e an# !"e+ are eas+ !o in!er,a$ei!" !"e %i$ro$on!ro&&er* T"e sensor %o#u&e "as 6pins ou! o, "i$" Pin6< an# Pin6

are V$$ an# :n# respe$!i)e&+*Pin6> is Trigger an# Pin6 is E$"o pin*T"e

or/ing o, sensors $an be #es$ribe# ,ro% !"e be&o ,igure

FI, 45( "!TRA#3NIC #EN#3R TI&IN, 0IA,RA&

W"en a Hig" pu&se o,


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Dis!an$e in $en!i%e!res ? @Ti%eJGFA $%s

In In$"es ? @Ti%eJ


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CHAPTER5>A i!" bearing $ap* T"e $on)e+or ro&&er s"a,! is $oup&e# !o !"e

D*C* per%anen! %agne! %o!or i!" !"e "e&p o, spur gear %e$"anis%* T"is !o!a&

arrange%en! is use# !o !rans,er !"e %a!eria& ,ro% one p&a$e !o ano!"er p&a$e i!"

!"e "e&p o, $on)e+or*

T"e IR !rans%i!!er an# IR re$ei)er $ir$ui! is use# !o sense !"e &eng!" o, !"e

%a!eria&* I! is ,i0e# !o !"e ,ra%e s!an# i!" a sui!ab&e arrange%en!* T"e pneu%a!i$

$+&in#er is ,i0e# !o !"e ,ra%e s!an# b+ rig"! ang&es !o !"e &i%i! sensor ,ra%e s!an#*

T"is $+&in#er arrange%en! is use# !o re%o)e !"e #i%ension&ess %a!eria& ,ro% !"e

$on)e+or* T"e pneu%a!i$ $+&in#er is $on!ro&&e# b+ !"e ,&o $on!ro& )a&)e' sing&e

a$!ing so&enoi# )a&)e an# $on!ro& uni!*


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CHAPTER5>A i!" bearing $ap* T"e $on)e+or ro&&er s"a,! is $oup&e# !o !"e

D*C* per%anen! %agne! %o!or i!" !"e "e&p o, spur gear %e$"anis%* T"is !o!a&

arrange%en! is use# !o !rans,er !"e %a!eria& ,ro% one p&a$e !o ano!"er p&a$e i!"

!"e "e&p o, $on)e+or*

T"e &i%i! sensor si!$" is )er!i$a&&+ ,i0e# on !"e &i%i! sensor ,ra%e s!an# b+

%eans o, ra$/ an# pinion arrange%en!* T"is sensor is use# !o %easuring !"e

abnor%a& "eig"! )aria!ion o, !"e %a!eria&* T"e ra$/ an# pinion is use# !o a#-us! !"e

&i%i! si!$" up an# #on %o!ion* T"is arrange%en! is use# !o se! !"e "eig"! o, !"e

%a!eria&* T"e IR !rans%i!!er an# IR re$ei)er $ir$ui! is use# !o sense !"e %inu!e

"eig"! )aria!ion o, !"e %a!eria&* I! is ,i0e# !o !"e ,ra%e s!an# i!" a sui!ab&e

arrange%en!* T"is %e$"anis% is a&so a#-us!ab&e i!" !"e "e&p o, bo&! an# nu!* T"e

pneu%a!i$ $+&in#er is ,i0e# !o !"e ,ra%e s!an# b+ rig"! ang&es !o !"e &i%i! sensor

,ra%e s!an#* T"is $+&in#er arrange%en! is use# !o re%o)e !"e #i%ension&ess

%a!eria& ,ro% !"e $on)e+or* T"e pneu%a!i$ $+&in#er is $on!ro&&e# b+ !"e ,&o

$on!ro& )a&)e' sing&e a$!ing so&enoi# )a&)e an# $on!ro& uni!*


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CHAPTER


27/31

APP!ICATI3N#

0isc-ar/e of 8or; piece:<

T"e Con)e+or 2ee# "as a i#e app&i$a!ion in &o $os! au!o%a!ion in#us!ries* I! $an be use# in au!o%a!e# asse%b&+ &ines !o $arr+ up !"e ,inis"e# pro#u$! ,ro%

or/s!a!ion an# p&a$e !"e% in bins* I! $an a&so be use# !o pi$/ ra %a!eria& an#

p&a$e !"e% on !"e $on)e+or be&!s*

Improper &aterial Removin/ operation:<

T"is uni! $an a&so be use# in i%proper %a!eria& $o&&e$!e# in a $o&&e$!ing bo0* T"e

so&enoi# opera!e# pneu%a!i$ $+&in#er is use# ,or !"is %e$"anis%*


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C3NC!"#I3N

T"is pro-e$! or/ "as pro)i#e# us an e0$e&&en! oppor!uni!+ an# e0perien$e'

!o use our &i%i!e# /no&e#ge* We gaine# a &o! o, pra$!i$a& /no&e#ge regar#ing'

p&anning' pur$"asing' asse%b&ing an# %a$"ining "i&e #oing !"is pro-e$! or/* We

,ee& !"a! !"e pro-e$! or/ is a goo# so&u!ion !o bri#ge !"e ga!es be!een ins!i!u!ion

an# in#us!ries* We are prou# !"a! e "a)e $o%p&e!e# !"e or/ i!" !"e &i%i!e#

!i%e su$$ess,u&&+*

T"e “IN#PECTI3N C3N$E%3R> is or/ing i!" sa!is,a$!or+

$on#i!ions* We are ab&e !o un#ers!an# !"e #i,,i$u&!ies in %ain!aining !"e !o&eran$es

an# a&so .ua&i!+* We "a)e #one !o our abi&i!+ an# s/i&& %a/ing %a0i%u% use o,

a)ai&ab&e ,a$i&i!ies* In $on$&usion re%ar/s o, our pro-e$! or/' &e! us a## a ,e

%ore &ines abou! our i%pression pro-e$! or/*

T"us e "a)e #e)e&ope# an “IN#PECTI3N C3N$E%3R ” "i$" "e&ps !o

/no "o !o a$"ie)e &o $os! au!o%a!ion i!" sensor arrange%en!* T"e opera!ing

pro$e#ure o, !"is s+s!e% is )er+ si%p&e' so an+ person $an opera!e* ;+ using %ore

!e$"ni.ues' !"e+ $an be %o#i,ie# an# #e)e&ope# a$$or#ing !o !"e app&i$a!ions*


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PH3T3,RAPH%


30/31


31/31

I!I3,RAPH%

Ca!a&ogue o, ana!i$s pneu%a!i$ pro#u$!' ana!i$s Pri)a!e Li%i!e# Coi%ba!ore*

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Date post:	07-Jul-2018
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