Copyright © 2004 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada. UNIT 6 SAFETY PROMOTION.

Copyright © 2004 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada.

UNIT 6SAFETY PROMOTION


The 5 Ws of

Safety

The 5 Ws of

Safety

WHOWHY

WHEREWHEN

WHAT


In Canada, children under 14:

Over 40,000 are hospitalized each year; 500 die each year

Injuries account for: 32% of deaths for 1 to 4 year olds 41% of deaths for 5 to 9 year olds 52% of deaths for 10 to 14 year olds*

Birth to 19 years of age, death rate is twice as high for boys as girls*

*(Statistics Canada, cited in Canadian Institute of Child Health 2000, 74,106,107)*(Statistics Canada, cited in Canadian Institute of Child Health 2000, 193)

Who Gets Injured?

Who Gets Injured?


Children’s growth and development

Temperament; gender differences

Use of inappropriate or inadequate environment and/or equipment

Lack of adequate supervision or safety rules

Why Why


ANYWHERE

ECE programs (e.g., centres) are generally less dangerous places for young children

More serious injuries at ECE programs occur, most often, on the playground

WhereWhere


ANYTIME, but more likely,

Late morning & late afternoon; spring & fall; when child is hungry or tired

During “relaxed supervision”

When children are in new and unfamiliar situations (e.g., new equipment added)

When there is a change in daily routine

WhenWhen


Motor vehicle collisions & traffic mishaps

Drowning

Burns Choking, suffocating, & strangling

Falls (# 1 reason for hospitalization)

Poisoning

What What

particular concern in centres


Promoting Children’s Safety


HOW?

Training

Physical Environment

Supervision

Safety Rules: A learning process


TrainingRecommended:Recommended:

Staff have entry level skills; knowledge of child

development, observation skills

Standard first aid & CPR training

Knowledge of reporting procedures for serious occurrences and injuries


If child is participating in a program:If child is participating in a program:

Death of a child

Serious injury (where a 3rd party is involved in a follow up (i.e., doctor,dentist)

Alleged abuse noticed

Child goes missing (even when found after a short period of time)

Reportable Serious Occurrences


Any disaster, such as a fire on premises

A complaint of a serious nature concerning the operational, physical or safety standards

Any complaint of a serious nature made by or about a client


Attend to immediate emergency – get medical attention

Attend to any immediate risks

Immediately report occurrence to Director

Director will conduct inquiry and gather facts

Contact parents or backup designate

(from emergency contact numbers on file)

Procedure to Follow


Contact provincial/territorial child care office within 24 hours (Director)

Other possible contacts:Police, Fire Department, Children’s Aid Coroner (in all cases of death), Health

Department

Serious Occurrence Form to be completed and filed within the required # of days

Annually review the ECE Program’s Serious Occurrence file; complete the annual summary and analysis report


Physical EnvironmentOrganize program’s space in such a way to

prevent injuries. Consider:

Furniture Layout of Room

Play equipment: indoor and outdoor

Safety checks


Infant and Toddler Equipment

CribsCribsRailingsBumper padsPillows

Strings on mobiles

StrollersStrollersBrakesLocking mechanismsSafety beltsDon’t overload

PlaypensPlaypensSecure sides

No stuffed toysOut of direct sun

Height of child

HighchairsHighchairsSafety belts

Locking mechanismsPlacementBlind cords


Supervision of Children

Maintain educator-child ratio

Adhere to guidelines for proper group sizes

Adjust level of supervision for different activities (e.g., woodworking) and special circumstances and events (e.g., field trips)


Safety Rules

Before developing rules, consider: Age of child Appropriateness of the activity Potential risks and outcomes Design of environment Previous injuries

Rules don’t play a primary role in injury Rules don’t play a primary role in injury preventionprevention


When Developing Rules When Developing Rules Remember:Remember: State in positive terms Use clear, simple language Be realistic Enforce in a consistent way Adults are role models Make time to review with children

before activity


Being Prepared For Emergencies


Know Where to Locate the Following:

Emergency exits

Posted evacuation routes

First-aid kits

Fire extinguishers & fire alarms


Smoke and Carbon Monoxide Detectors

Emergency phone numbers: community and parents’ numbers

Blankets and flashlights


Child Injury Reports


Child Injury ReportsShould Include:

Name of child Date of birth Date & time of injury Parents notified Description of injury How injury occurred Where injury

occurred Other comments

First aid administered

By whom Further action (sent

home) Child’s level of

participation after injury

Equipment or product involved


Time & date that director was notified

Staff witnesses Name of Educator Signatures

reporting educator parent

Date

Diagram can be used, when applicable. (e.g., on the following diagram, indicate site of injury with a circle)

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Copyright © 2004 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada. UNIT 6 SAFETY PROMOTION.

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