Dr. Alice AureliDr. Alice AureliUNESCO IHPUNESCO IHP

Groundwater ResourcesGroundwater Resources

UNESCO´s work in UNESCO´s work in Groundwater andGroundwater and

Transboundary Aquifers Transboundary Aquifers Challenges and Long Term Challenges and Long Term

SolutionsSolutions

Side event- THE ROLE OF THE GROUNDWATER SILENT REVOLUTION: “MORE CASH AND NATURE PER DROP : Re-thinking global water scarcity and

security

J.MARGAT,UNESCO-BRGM,2008 as in the 3rd UNWWDR

Global Changes brought on by climate change, urbanization, ozone depletion, population growth, expansion of infrastructure, migration, land

conversion, pollution are altering the Earth and the way it functions

WATER FOOTPRINTNo institution or country can face the challenges

they pose alone

“MORE CASH AND NATURE PER DROP :Re-thinking global water scarcity and security

GROUNDWATER EXTRACTION

CHALLENGES

GROUNDWATER

?

•Climate

•Energy

•Food

SHARING WATER

TRANSBOUNDARY AQUIFERS

GOVERNANCE, PARTICIPATION COOPERATION

+

GLOBAL CHANGES

UNESCO IHP INVENTORY OF TRANSBOUNDARY UNESCO IHP INVENTORY OF TRANSBOUNDARY

AQUIFERSAQUIFERS

2. Kupa

3. Kupa

4. Una

5. Cetina

6. Neretva

7. Sava1. Dragonja

30.Pelagonija& 31.Florina

Gevgelija 32.

Sandansky34.

9. Backa & Banat

10. Srem.

12. SW Serbia

11. West Serbia

13.

20. Central Serbia

14.

29.

16. Gaber-Nesla17. Znepole18. Tran

15. Zemen

Dojran.33 35.Gotze

Delchev36.Orvilos

37.Nastan38.Smolyan

39.Rudozem40.Erma Reka

46.Rezovska

45.Malko Tarnovo

41.Svilengrad42.Orestiada

43.Svilengrad44.Topolograd

25. Vjosa

26.Pagoni27.Mourgana

28.

19. East Serbia

8

47.Meric

Middle Sarmatian-Pontian GWB .22

23.Sarmatian & 24.Upper J urassic-Lower Cret.GWB

21.Upper Pannonian-Lower Pleistocene

2. Kupa

3. Kupa

4. Una

5. Cetina

6. Neretva

7. Sava1. Dragonja

30.Pelagonija& 31.Florina

Gevgelija 32.

Sandansky34.

9. Backa & Banat

10. Srem.

12. SW Serbia

11. West Serbia

13.

20. Central Serbia

14.

29.

16. Gaber-Nesla17. Znepole18. Tran

15. Zemen

Dojran.33 35.Gotze

Delchev36.Orvilos

37.Nastan38.Smolyan

39.Rudozem40.Erma Reka

46.Rezovska

45.Malko Tarnovo

41.Svilengrad42.Orestiada

43.Svilengrad44.Topolograd

25. Vjosa

26.Pagoni27.Mourgana

28.

19. East Serbia

8

47.Meric

Middle Sarmatian-Pontian GWB .22

23.Sarmatian & 24.Upper J urassic-Lower Cret.GWB

21.Upper Pannonian-Lower Pleistocene

More than ‘273 transboundary aquifer >15% of the land surface of the planet

>40% of population

Country 2

Country 1

FINANCE+DATAFINANCE+DATA++

MONITORING+MONITORING+

EDUCATION+EDUCATION+

AWARENESS+AWARENESS+

COOPERATION+COOPERATION+

CHANGING CHANGING ATTITUDEATTITUDE

What is missing?What is missing?

UN GENERAL ASSEMBLY UN GENERAL ASSEMBLY RESOLUTION on RESOLUTION on

TRANSBOUNDARY AQUIFERSTRANSBOUNDARY AQUIFERS

UNILC-UNESCO IHPUNILC-UNESCO IHP2002-20082002-2008

NEEDS FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF TRANSBOUNDARY AQUIFERSPROPER REGULATIONS,

INTERNATIONAL SOLIDARITY, DEMOCRATIC PROCESSES, PEACE,

STABILITY,

“HYDROPOLITICS AND HYDROECONOMICS OF SHARED GROUNDWATER RESOURCES: EXPERIENCE IN ARID AND SEMIARID REGIONS “MANUEL RAMÓN LLAMAS,Paper at the NATO Advanced Studies, Varna,2006

MORE CASH AND NATURE PER DROP :Re-thinking global water scarcity and security.

Are Groundwater Resources and Human Security intimately linked?

YES

INTERDEPENDENCIESINTERDEPENDENCIES

SOCIETALSOCIETALRESPONSESRESPONSES

STRESSSTRESS

HYDROLOGICAL CYCLEHYDROLOGICAL CYCLE

ECONOMYECOLOGY

CLIMATEGEOLOGY

QUALITY OF LIFE& ECOSYSTEM

SERVICES

•Dependent Economies •Dependent Ecosystems

INTERDEPENDENCIES

T. Shah 2002

Groundwater use for irrigation:India: 240 km3 China: 80 km3 (IAH 2003)

What willhappen to ASIA ?

GRONDWATER DEPENDENCY

J.Margat, UNESCO-BRGM 2008

What to conclude? YES What to conclude? YES The challenge we all haveThe challenge we all have

How to put groundwater and water resources in the mind of people?

political acknowledgement of thepolitical acknowledgement of the value and importance of value and importance of groundwater andgroundwater and

significant national and regional significant national and regional financial investment to establish financial investment to establish the physical and social frameworks the physical and social frameworks for groundwater management.for groundwater management.

THANK YOU