Edited Compressed Natural Gas

7/27/2019 Edited Compressed Natural Gas

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FINAL REPORT

On

MARKET MAPPING OF COMPRESSEDNATURAL GAS FROM GREEN GAS LTD.


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ABSTRACT

This report is all about the Consumer behavior of CNG Users.

At the beginning it is illustrated the industrial analysis in which it is explained the current

industry situation of CNG. In the industrial analysis the future outloo ! prospective

trends of the particular sector is analy"ed by eeping in mind ! analy"ing the

competitors in the CNG industry in order to chec the strategies used by them ! then to

use the mix of strategies by applying the innovative ideas in our venture. After that the

strategy for mareting is build by using different segmentation report for efficient !

better utili"ation of available resources industry ! maret forecast has been done in order

to analy"e the true maret demand for CNG.


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DECLARATION

I do hereby declare that the research report titled Market Mapping Of C!pre""e#

Nat$ra% Ga" Fr! Green Ga" Li!ite#&submitted by me in partial fulfillment of the

re#uirement f Ba'(e%r f B$"ine"" A#!ini"tratin) exclusively prepared and

conceptuali"ed by me and is not submitted to any other Institution or University or

published anywhere before for the reward of any $egree%$iploma%Certificate. It is the

&riginal wor of mine and has not been obtained from any other part.


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ACKNO*LEDGEMENT

'very wor constitutes great deal of assistance and guidance from the people concerned

and this particular pro(ect is of no exception.

A pro(ect of the nature is surely a result of tremendous support) guidance) encouragement

and help.

*ish to place on record my sincere gratitude to my pro(ect guide) Mr.

++++++++++++++++++++ I than him for his constructive help and encouragement

throughout the pro(ect. *ithout his support and guidance taing this would not have been

possible.

Also) wish to acnowledge enthusiastic encouragement and support extended to me by

my family members.

I+m also thanful to my friends who provided me their constant support and assistance.


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TABLE OF CONTENT

TITLE PAGE NO

ABSTRACT ,

DECLARATION -

SNOPSIS /

ACKNO*LEDGEMENT 0

C1APTER 234 INTRODUCTION 33

C1APTER 5 ,4 INDUSTRIAL PROFILE 3/

C1APTER 5 -4 COMPAN PROFILE ,0

C1APTER 5 /4 RESEARC1 MET1ODLOG 67

C1APTER 5 64 DATA ANALSIS 76

C1APTER 5 74 FINDINGS 87

C1APTER 5 84 CONCLUSION 93

C1APTER 5 94 RECOMMENDATION 9,

ANNE:URE 9/

BIBLIOGRAP1 96

;UESTIONANNAIRE 97


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INTRODUCTION


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INTRODUCTION

Natural Gas is one of the most valuable natural resources abundantly available in our

Country. The people of ,aistan have been using the petroleum products as a fuel in their

Automobiles) thus spending a huge amount of foreign exchange on import of petroleum

products. -oreover) the Government of India has taen certain concrete steps in order to

promote the use of natural gas as a fuel substitute in the automobiles. $ue to the efforts

made by the Government and comparatively low prices of gas) more than //)///

vehicles have already been converted to operate on Compressed Natural Gas 0CNG1

fueling system all over India.

$ue to high cost of petroleum products) lots of vehicles are switching over to CNG. At

present) there are more than 23/// CNG stations operating in the Country and this

number is insufficient to meet the rising demand of CNG in the coming years. The total

pro(ect cost for setting up the CNG filling stations has been estimated at 4s.56.65

million. It includes land) building) CNG e#uipment and machinery) spares) along with the

preliminary expenses and woring capital.

Compressed Natural Gas 0CNG1 is produced when the natural gas is compressed into

cylinders to be used as a fuel in the automobiles. The compressed natural gas has been

used as an automobile fuel since 678/) and over the years) the technology has been

modified and refined. In the recent years) the usage of CNG as an automobile fuel has

significantly increased because of its low cost and environment friendly nature.


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CNG P%i'


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INDUSTRI L

PROFILE


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INDUSTRIAL PROFILE

C!pre""e# nat$ra% ga"0CNG1 is a fossil fuel substitute for gasoline0petrol1) diesel) or

propane%;,G. Although its combustion does produce greenhouse gases) it is a more

environmentally clean alternative to those fuels) and it is much safer than other fuels in

the event of a spill0natural gas is lighter than air) and disperses #uicly when released1.

CNG may also be mixed with biogas) produced from landfills or wastewater) which

doesn8?1)

to less than 6@ of the volume it occupies at standard atmospheric pressure. It is stored

and distributed in hard containers at a pressure of 2//28Bbar 027//5// psi1) usually

in cylindrical or spherical shapes.

CNG is used in traditional gasoline internal combustion engine cars that have been

converted into bifuel vehicles 0gasoline%CNG1. Natural gas vehicles are increasingly

used in the Asia,acific region) ;atin America) 'urope) and America due to rising

gasoline prices. In response to high fuel prices and environmental concerns) CNG is

starting to be used also in tutusandpicup trucs) transitand school buses) and trains.

CNG


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'thane : 3@

,ropane : 6@

C&2 : 3@

&thers : 6@

Tta% 4 3==>

P(


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*(< CNG

Test results show that a CNG bus with a threeway catalyst is far ahead of a

comparable diesel bus.

It meets the 'uro IE norms for both ,- and N&x.

'ven carbon monoxide emission is better than 'uro II norms

Nte4 A%% fig$re" in gra!!e" per ki%?att2($r

Fuel diversification:

4educing emissions of harmful pollutants: -uch lower emissions of small ,-)

and nonmethane >C compared to conventional diesel or Gasoline engine

,otentially cheap alternative fuel


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T


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that of conventional CNG stations) as a result of which more number of

Compressors and $ispensers can be installed and more number of vehicles can be

simultaneously refuelled at such stations. A -ega CNG station has been

commissioned at 4ohini) 9ector 25 on uly 65) 2//5 and a similar station has beenput into operation at ,atpargan( on une 5/) 2//5. The CNG -ega station at

,atpargang has been constructed at a cost of around 4s.65.3 crores 0U9$ 5 --1

to simultaneously refuel five buses and eight other vehicles 0cars) autos) mini

buses etc.1. Juilt on a plot of si"e K3 m L 8/ m) it has the capacity to comfortably

refuel CNG to B// buses and over 63// other vehicles daily.

Te'(ni'a% @enefit" f CNG

Eery low particulate emissions

Eery low emissions of airborne toxins

Negligible sulfurcontaining emissions

Muieter operation than diesel

;ess vibrations than diesel

;ess odor than diesel


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ADANTAGES OF CNG

plugs is eliminated. CNGpowered vehicles have lower maintenance costs when

compared with other fuelpowered vehicles. CNG fuel systems are sealed) which

prevents any spill or evaporation losses. Another practical advantage observed is the

increased life of lubricating oils) as CNG does not contaminate and dilute the crancase

oil. CNG mixes easily and evenly in air being a gaseous fuel. CNG is less liely to auto

ignite on hot surfaces) since it has a high autoignition temperature 038/ C1 and a narrow

range 03@63@1 of flammability.

CNG emits significantly less pollutants such as carbon dioxide 0C&21) hydrocarbons

0U>C1) carbon monoxide 0C&1) nitrogen oxides 0N&x1) sulfur oxides 09&x1 and

particulate matter0,-1) compared to petrol. For example) an engine running on petrol for

6// m emits 22)/// grams of C&2) while covering the same distance on CNG emits only

6)2K3 grams of C&2. CNG is essentially methane) i.e. C>8 with a calorific value of 7//

%mol. This burns with &xygen to produce 6 mol of C&2 and 2 mol of >2&. Jy

comparison) petrol can be regarded as essentially Jen"ene or similar) C> with a

calorific value of about 5)5// %mol and this burns to produce mol of C&2 and 5 mol

of >2&. From this it can be seen that per mol of C&2 produced) CNG releases over 6.

times as much energy as that released from petrol 0or for the same amount of energy)

CNG produces nearly 8/@ less C&21.? The corresponding figures are KB and 23.B grams

respectively) for nitrogen oxides. Carbon monoxide emissions are reduced even further.

$ue to lower carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides emissions) switching to CNG can help

mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. The ability of CNG to reduce greenhouse gas
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrocarbonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_monoxidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogen_oxidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfur_oxidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particulate_matterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrocarbonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_monoxidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogen_oxidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfur_oxidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particulate_matterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emission


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emissions over the entire fuel lifecycle will depend on the source of the natural gas and

the fuel it is replacing. The lifecyclegreenhouse gas emissions for CNG compressed from

California


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DISADANTAGES OF CNG

The worst thing about vehicular pollution is that it cannot be avoided as the emissions

are emitted at the nearground level where we breathe. ,ollution from vehicles gets

reflected in increased mortality and morbidity and is revealed through symptoms lie

cough) headache) nausea) irritation of eyes) various bronchial problems and visibility. The

pollution from vehicles are due to discharges lie C&) unburned >C) ,b compounds)

N&x) soot) suspended particulate matter 09,-1 and aldehydes) among others) mainly

from the tail pipes.

A recent study reports that in $elhi one out of every 6/ school children suffers from

asthma that is worsening due to vehicular pollution

9ituation is same in a number of other megacities

-uch more expensive fuel distribution and storage

9uited for fleet vehicles that all come homeH

>igher vehicle cost) primarily due to higher cost of fuel cylinders

9horter driving range

,roblematic for public transport vehicles or if there are few fueling stations

>eavier fuel tan) reducing fuel economy and leading to greater braing distances

,otential performance and operational problems compared to li#uid fuels

E'n!ie" f CNG

Jaseline is gasoline or diesel


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Incremental cost of procuring CNG vehicles must be recovered by lower

operating costs

-aintenance costs can be higher

o ;ower fuel cost (fuel price + cost recovery for refueling stations)critical

to maing CNG economic

9uited especially for regions importing gasoline and diesel) or where natural gas

is very cheap

Diffi'$%tie" in #ee%ping CNG Infra"tr$'t$re

;ac of Indigenous Technology

Infrastructural constraints 0'lectricity) land etc.1

$elay in getting permissions from statutory authorities

;imited natural gas allocation leading to delay in management decisions on

expenditure commitment

Uncertainty about conversion of vehicles ! CNG demand

Capital intensive pro(ect a mother station cost would be 3 times the cost of a

petrol pump ! pipeline need to be in place

&b(ection from local people) encroachment

;ow storage capacity of on board cylinders) thus re#uiring fre#uent refills.


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POLLUTION REDUCTION IN CNG FUELLED E1ICLES

The use of CNG in vehicles has lead to considerable reduction in air pollution as is

evident from the following data:A. A$t ri'k"(a? 5 T(ree ?(ee%er"4

B. Pa""enger Car"4

C.Die"e% B$"e"4

USES OF CNG


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CARS

*orldwide) there were 62. million natural gas vehicles by 2/6/) up 66.@ over the

previous year) led by ,aistan with 2.K8 million) Iran 06.73 million1) Argentina 06.7

million1) Jra"il 06. million1) and India 06.6 million1.=6? with the Asia,acific region

leading with 3.K million NGEs) followed by ;atin America with almost 8 million

vehicles.

CNG cars available in 'urope are bifuel vehicles burning one fuel at a time. Their

engine is a standard gasoline internal combustion engine 0IC'1. This means that they can

indifferently run on either gasoline from a gasoline tan or CNG from a separate cylinder

in the trun. The driver can select what fuel to burn by simply flipping a switch on the

dashboard.

9everal manufacturers 0Fiat) &pel 0General -otors1) ,eugeot) Eolswagen) Toyota)

>onda and others1 sell bifuel cars. In 2//) Fiat introduced the 9iena Tetrafuel in the

Jra"ilian maret) e#uipped with a 6.8; FI4' engine that runs on '6//) '23 09tandard

Jra"ilian Gasoline1) Gasoline and CNG.

Any existing gasoline vehicle can be converted to a bifuel 0gasoline%CNG1 vehicle.

Authori"ed shops can do the retrofitting) this involves installing a CNG cylinder in the

trun) installing the plumbing) installing a CNG in(ection system and the electronics.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argentinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compressed_natural_gas#cite_note-IANGV-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_cylinderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argentinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compressed_natural_gas#cite_note-IANGV-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_cylinder


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LOCOMOTIES

CNG locomotives are operated by several railroads. The Napa Ealley *ine Train

successfully retrofit a diesel locomotive to run on compressed natural gas before 2//2.

This converted locomotive was upgraded to utili"e a computer controlled fuel in(ection

system in -ay 2//B) and is now the Napa Ealley *ine Train


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can be refuelled from the natural gas networ without extra gas compression) the fuel

tans can be slimmed down and made of lighter) less strong materials.

*ORLD*IDE

,aistancurrently has the highest number of vehicles running on CNG in the world

followed by Iran) Argentina) Jra"il. ,aistan also has the highest number of CNG

stations in the world numbering more than 5//. -a(ority of private vehicles have

converted to CNG because of cheaper price as compared to petrol. &nly luxury cars and

official vehicles now run on petrol. 4ecently) new CNG Juses had been introduced by

C$GOin Oarachi. Almost all car manufacturers in ,aistan 0except >onda1 now produce

company fitted CNG it versions. 4ecent hies in CNG prices have downplayed the

ambitious ventures of some of the staeholders in this sector. It is expected that price of

the CNG and Oits will come down as competition among manufacturers grows.

;andi4en"o ,aistan is also exporting CNG its to various countries including China)

Jra"il and Italy. Almost 2 million vehicles on the country


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Jangladesh capital of $haa not a single auto ricshaw without CNG has been permitted

since 2//5.

In India) CNG costs are at 4s 56.3/ per g compared with 4s. K/.// per liter of petrol

0prices as of une 2/66 in Jangalore) India1. In Thailand) CNG costs are at Thb 6/.8 per

g 0U9P/.531 per g compared with Thb 8/.// 0U9P6.531 per liter of petrol 0prices as of

-arch 2/66 in Jango) Thailand1. CNG is #uite notable at a cost savings of /@ along

with reduced emissions and its usability by environmentally friendlier cars.


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COMP NY

PROFILE


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GREEN GAS LIMITED

Green Gas ;imited 0GG;1 is a oint Eenture of

GAI; 0India1 ;imited =GAI;? and Indian &il

Corporation ;imited =I&C;?.

It has been incorporated for the implementation of

City Gas ,ro(ects for supply of ,iped Natural Gas

0,NG1 to domestic) commercial and industrial

Consumers and Compressed Natural Gas 0CNG1 to

automobile consumers in the cities of ;ucnow and Agra.

T(e C!pan< pri!ari%< ai!" at4

,roviding safe) convenient ! reliable natural gas supply to it


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ISION OF COMPAN

To mae Green Gas ;imited an unparalleled natural gas distribution company) providing

ecofriendly and clean fuel to transport) domestic) commercial and industrial sectors) with

a total commitment to provide #uality service to its customers.

MISSION OF COMPAN

To provide safe) convenient and reliable gas supply to our customers in transport)

domestic) commercial and industrial sectors.

To provide a cleaner and environment friendly auto fuel to clients.

To facilitate conversions of commercial and private vehicles to CNG through

external agencies by

6. -aing available the #uality itsR and

2. Creating a networ of worshops to undertae reliable and speedy

conversion to CNG.


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BOARD OF DIRECTORS

A brief loo at the people behind GG; The &rganisation Committed for GoGreen Concept.

A brief loo at the people behind GG; The &rganisation Committed for Go

Green Concept.

-r. 9. EenatramanChairman of Joard of $irectors

-r. C.$. oshi-anaging $irector

-r. >arsha -ohan$irector 0Commercial1

-r. A.O.-archanda$irector


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FUTURE OUTLOOK

Green Gas ;td. has vigorous expansion plans for the implementation of City Gas

$istribution 0CG$1 pro(ects in its authori"ed areas. 9imultaneously) GG; will strive hard

to explore business opportunities in other parts of the country as well.

GG; will endeavor to provide the complete energy solution by moving beyond the CNG

and ,NG applications currently in existence. This would enable GG; to enhance value

for the staeholders including customers) shareholders and employees.

The need of the hour is to stay focused and stand by our vision and mission while

performing our duties so that the dream is transformed into reality. The company is

committed to be a customeroriented organi"ation by adopting world class operational

practices. *e believe in organi"ational development by strengthening our internal

capabilities and systems.

4ecogni"ing the fact that vehicle owners will not convert their vehicles to CNG until and

unless CNG has been made available in ade#uate #uantity and at many locations across

the city) GG; decided to mae CNG available at multiple places and to ramp up the

availability of CNG both in terms of #uantity and geographical spread. This will help in

icing off the conversion process as well as developing the CNG demand.


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*1ILE USING CNG AS FUEL

DOs Eehicle using CNG to follow the re#uired conditions mentioned in the central

motor vehicles rules

'nsuring that the worshop is authori"ed and observes safety standards and code

of practices in it installation and commissioning

Oit%cylinder to be of approved type for the mae of vehicle

Eehicle to undergo the re#uired preconversion checs thoroughly

Complete and thorough lea test of the gas system

Installer+s certificate to be collected from the worshop

'ndorsement of CNG or bifuel mode in 4egistration Certificate from 4T&

Annual checing of the CNG it and eeping the related certificates

CNG Cylinder to follow the Gas cylinder rules and to be hydro tested once in 3

years eeping in mind the certificate of the same

Certificate of CNG it) Fitness and hydro test to be possessed by the driver all the

time

Ac#uainting yourself with the mechanism of CNG and the precautions essential

for driving a CNG vehicle


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Don'ts

Juy components from different sources and install the it yourself

-odification or improvisation of the it at unauthori"ed worshops

Install an ;,G) ,ropane or any other cylinder in place of CNG cylinder

Filling ;,G) ,ropane or any other fuel in place of CNG in a CNG cylinder

,assengers on board while filling


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GETTING GASSED

IN a bid to encourage cleaner fuels the government has been promoting CNG and ;,G as

alternatives to conventional fuel 0petrol and diesel1. And with the public transport in the

capital and other metros already running on CNG) the problem of limited refuelling

outlets too seems to be disappearing. All this and the fact that green fuels mean lower

running costs compared to conventional auto fuels) has a significant number of private

vehicle owners interested in the CNG option.

To assess the cost factor) for a car lie the ,remier ,admini) a ilogram of CNG costs

round about 4s 2/ and offers a range of almost 2/m per g translating into running cost

of rupee a ilometre. &n the contrary) a litre of petrol) which costs about 4s 53) offers a

running cost of almost 4s 5 per ilometre.

'ven if we were to eep the better economy factor aside) CNG still offers a number of

benefits. The fact that CNG enters the engine in the form of gas instead of spray or mist

prevents the wash down of the lubricating oil from the top piston ring area eeping the

engine+s rate of depreciation to a bare minimum. In addition) the octane number of CNG

being 65/ as compared to BK of that of petrol helps thorough and rapid mixing of gas and

air in the correct proportion) thereby improving the combustion efficiency.

Taling about good conversion systems) it+s imperative that the system operate as close

to petrol as possible. In addition the ris of leaage should be marginal. 9o how much

does a good conversion system costS It can cost from around 4s 53)/// for a carburetted

engine to 4s 83)/// for fuel in(ected ones 0installation costs included1. For taxis though

it+s available on a discount at 4s 52)/// while for threewheelers the price touches 4s


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23)///. -ost of these its sold in India are brought in from Italy) while the remaining are

manufactured in Gu(arat.

A CNG it includes a conversion it and cylinder wherein the former is placed in the

engine bay while the latter goes into the boot. The it may be installed at any of the

authorised CNG worshops) which are increasing by the day. Jut attention must be paid

to the safety aspect while installation) which taes a simple soap test to ascertain if the

safety aspect is adhered to. The test involves covering the lines carrying CNG with a soap

solution) which indicate a lea by forming bubbles at suspect areas.

The basic components of a conversion it include a pressure regulator to provide the

system with fuel at a consistent operating pressure in addition to a mixer to ensure correct

air%fuel mixing in both stationary and dynamic conditions improving the drive of the

vehicle thans to improved mixing. Jesides a high pressure solenoid to allow the flow of

gas and a petrol solenoid to cut off the flow of petrol to the engine during gas operation.

A filling valve installed in the engine compartment between the storage cylinder and the

regulator aids easy refilling. The valve is connected to the refuelling system and a manual

ball device to open%shutoff gas in case of an emergency or for maintenance.

In the case the car runs out of gas) a change over switch is provided which is an

electronic control module allowing the user to switch to petrol. The gas from the cylinder

goes to the engine compartment through a pressure pipe) which is also connected to the

refuelling system. It is all part of the high pressure piping system that wors overtime to

avoid leaage. A pressure indicator is also provided to display the level of natural gas

remaining in the storage cylinder.


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Installation of the CNG it in a threewheeler 0below left1)

and a taxi refuelling at a CNG station. Though refuelling

taes (ust a few minutes the wait can be arduous 0below1.

The three ma(or parts employed for a CNG it installation:

mixer employed for correct airfuel mixture) filler valve)

cylinder in the boot 0top to bottom) right1


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SAFET ASPECTS

,ressure vessels) in this case the storage cylinder) are ideally made of high strength steel

or aluminium over wrapped with a composite material lie fibreglass. There have been

reports of tan rupture upon refuelling due to the damaged fibre overwrap thans to the

use of spurious cylinders) especially by unauthorised agents who carry out conversions

from petrol to CNG. Jut this problem can be addressed through ade#uate monitoring and

implementation efforts. CNG calls for highpressure onboard storage of the fuel around

2// atmosphere 05/// to 53//psi1 or more. ,roviding them as aftermaret retrofits on

autos and cars without proper inspection would lead into disastrous results from the

safety point of view.


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T1E DIESEL OPTION

In diesel engines) CNG can be used either as a dual fuel or mono fuel. In dual fuel mode)

diesel provides combustion initiation for CNG burning. Oits can be retrofitted to existing

vehicles for them to operate on diesel%CNG mode. >owever) under city driving

conditions) the substitution of diesel with CNG is #uite low and hence the gains in

emission reduction are also low.

Considering the limitations of emission reduction in a dual fuel engine) CNG can be used

as a mono fuel by converting the diesel engine to a spar ignition engine. This conversion

warrants ma(or changes in the engine and the operation of the vehicle becomes CNG

dependent.


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ABOUT GAIL

9tarted as a natural gas pipeline company in 67B8) GAI; has successfully evolved into a

ma(or integrated gas company with presence across the natural gas value chain and with

global footprints. GAI;+s success lies primarily in its pro(ect management sills that is

evident from the number of pipeline and petrochemical pro(ects been taen up and

completed efficiently. Jeing a lean and thin organi"ation) GAI; believes in containing

#uality talent who form a part of the GAI; family.

GAI; 0India1 ;imited has shown organic growth in gas transmission through the years by

building large networ of trun pipelines covering length of around 66/// Om.

;everaging on the core competencies) GAI; also laid 67// Om of ;,G pipeline across

the country which includes world+s longest exclusive ;,G pipeline) amnagar;oni

pipeline. GAI; played a ey role as gas maret developer in India for decades catering to

ma(or industrial sectors lie power) fertili"ers) and city gas distribution. Currently GAI;

transmits more than 6/ mmscmd of gas through its dedicated pipelines and have more

than K/@ maret share in both gas transmission and mareting.

GAI; diversified from gas mareting and transmission into ,olymer business by setting

up North India+s first gas based ,etrochemicals complex at ,ata) U,. 'ven without

having any prior experience in petrochemicals) GAI; commissioned the plant

successfully in year 6777 by rigorous team wor and pro(ect management capabilities.

Currently petrochemical business is one of the core focus area of GAI;. GAI; recently

set up a E) Jrahmaputra Cracer and ,olymer ;imited) to construct a Greenfield


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petrochemical plant in Assam. GAI; also has e#uity stae in &,A; petrochemical plant

led by &NGC.

As per the strategy of expanding global footprint) GAI; formed a whollyowned

subsidiary company GAI; Global 09ingapore1 ,te ;td in 9ingapore 2//8 to route its

overseas investment. It successfully secures participation in 2 retail gas companies in

'gypt) Fayum Gas Company and 9hell CNG in 2//5 and ac#uired 63@ e#uity stae in

NatGas) 'gypt. GAI; forms a oint Eenture Company 0EC1 with China Gas Global

'nergy >oldings ;imited in 2//K. In 2/6/) GAI; opened its first overseas representative

office in Cairo) 'gypt.

GAI; has been a leading public enterprise with a consistently excellent financial trac

record. The Turnover and ,AT have shown remarable accomplishment with CAG4 of

65@ and 68@ respectively in last decade.

GAI; always promotes the green and clean energy concept and use of natural gas as

energy source. In this direction) GAI; set up several E and subsidiaries for CG$. First

such E) -ahanagar Gas ;imited formed with Jritish Gas incorporated to implement

-umbai City Gas $istribution pro(ect followed by Indraprastha Gas ;imited 0IG;1 to

supply of gas to household sector) transport sector ! commercial consumers in $elhi. In

2//B) GAI; incorporated a wholly owned subsidiary) GAI; gas ;td to focus on city gas

distribution.

GAI;+s achievements has recogni"ed by industry and following are the list of a few

awards received by GAI; for its excellence


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No.6 gas utility company in Asia and No.2 gas utility company globally)

,;ATT9 Top 23/+) 2/6/.

9elected as the top Indian company in the Gas ,rocessing) Transmission and

-areting sector for the $un ! Jradstreet American 'xpress Corporate Awards

2//.

GAI;


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OINT ENTURES OF GAIL

GAI; has formed 9ubsidiaries and oint Eenture companies for City Gas $istribution

and ,etrochemicals. GAI; is one of the pioneers to introduce City Gas ,ro(ects in India

for gas supplies to households) commercial users and for the transport sector by forming

9ubsidiaries% oint Eenture Companies.

3. Aaantika Ga" Li!ite# AGL is a oint Eenture comapany of GAI; 0India1 ;imited

and >industan ,etroleum Corporation ;imited 0>,C;1) for implementation of City Gas

,ro(ects to supply ,iped Natural Gas 0,NG1 to consumers in domestic) industrial and

commercial sectors and Compressed Natural Gas 0CNG1 ! Auto ;,G to

automobile sector in the cities of -adhya ,radesh.

AG; was incorporated on Kth une 2// and it,C;) I;!F9) I$FC) I$FC,' and ICICI Eentures. 9tate

Govt. of -adhya ,radesh has been offered 3@ e#uity in the share capital of the

Company.

The ob(ective and mission of AG; is to provide safe) convenient and reliable natural gas

supply to various sectors. The single biggest factor in support of natural gas is

environmental advantages and convenience to consumers in terms of uninterrupted gas

supply.

,. B(ag


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>,C;

JG; is currently operating CNG stations in Ei(aywada and 8 CNG stations in

>yderabad and one CNG station in 4a(ahmundery. JG; is supplying CNG in these 5

cities to almost )/// vehicles. JG; is also operating two Auto ;,G stations in

>yderabad and one Auto ;,G station in Tirupati. JG; has received authori"ation from

-o,NG for City Gas $istribution 0CG$1 in >yderabad ! Ei(aywada. GAI; has 22.3@

stae in the Company along with >,C; as e#ual partner.

-. Centra% U.P. Ga" Lt#. 0CUG;1 is currently operating K CNG stations in Oanpur and 2

CNG stations in Jareily. CUG; is supplying CNG to almost 62)/// vehicles in the two

cities. CUG; commenced its domestic supply of ,NG with connections to 53 households

in Oanpur. CUG; has received authori"ation from -o,NG for CG$ in Oanpur !

Jareilly. GAI; has 22.3@ stae in the Company along with J,C; as e#ual partner.

/.Green Ga" Lt#.0GG;1 is currently operating CNG stations in ;ucnow and 5 CNG

stations in Agra. GG; is supplying CNG in the two cities. GG; has tied up for

commencement of domestic supply of ,NG with connections to households) commercial

and industrial establishments. -o,NG has authori"ed GG; for CG$ in ;ucnow !

Agra. GAI; has 22.3@ stae in the Company along with I&C; as e#ual partner.

6. In#rapra"t(a Ga" Lt#. 0IG;1 is the largest CG$ entity in terms of CNG sales and the

number of vehicles supplied by CNG in India. IG; has received authori"ation from

-o,NG for CG$ in $elhi ! its suburbs vi". N&I$A 0Gautam Judh Nagar1) Greater

N&I$A) Gurgaon) Faridabad and Gha"iabad.
http://www.hindustanpetroleum.com/http://www.hindustanpetroleum.com/


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IG; is supplying piped gas to around 2 lacs domestic) 58/ commercial) 2/ small

industrial consumers and CNG to over 5 lac vehicles through around 2// CNG stations in

NC4.

GAI; has 22.3@ stae in the Company along with J,C; as e#ual partner.

7. Ma(anagar GAS Lt#. -G; is a oint Eenture of GAI; and Jritish Gas. -G; has set

up 68/ CNG stations catering to over 2 lac vehicles spread over -umbai) Thane) -ira

Jhayandar and Navi-umbai areas besides supplying ,NG to over 8.3 lac domestic

customers) more than 6)/// small industrial ! commercial consumers. It has received

authori"ation from -o,NG for CG$ in -umbai) $istrict Thane including Navi -umbai

! -ira Jhayander. GAI; has 87.K3@ stae in the Company along with Jritish Gas as

e#ual partner.

8. Ma(ara"(tra Nat$ra% Ga" Lt#. 0-NG;1 is a oint Eenture of GAI; and Jharat

,etroleum Corporation ;imited 0J,C;1 for implementation of City Gas ,ro(ects in and

around ,une city. -NG; has received authori"ation from -o,NG for CG$ in ,une

including ,impri) Chinchwad) Talegaon) >in(ewadi ! Chaan areas. It has started 6/

stations supplying CNG to nearly 3)/// vehicles. GAI; has 22.3@ stae in the Company

along with J,C; as e#ual partner.

9. GAI; is in the process of ac#uiring e#uity stae in ONGC Petr2 a##itin" Li!ite#

OPaL)which is a oint Eenture of GAI; with &il and Natural Gas Corporation ;td.

and Gu(arat 9tate ,etroleum Corporation ;td.) for setting up ,etrochemical ,ro(ect at

$ahe( in Gu(arat. &,a; is setting up a green field petrochemical complex of 6.6 --T,A

ethylene capacity 0dual feed cracer1 in $ahe() Gu(arat.


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0. Petrnet LNG Lt#. 0,;;1 has been formed for setting up of ;NG import and

regasification facilities. ,;; has a long term ;NG supply contract with 4asGas) Matar)

for import of K.3 --T,A of ;NG. ,;; $ahe( terminal in Gu(arat has been expanded to

6/ --T,A capacity. ,;; has successfully implemented a pilot pro(ect for supplying

;NG through cryogenic road taners. ,;; is also coming up with a ;NG terminal at

Oochi) Oerala) with an initial capacity of 2.3 --T,A) expandable up to 3 --T,A and

it is scheduled to be operational by end of 2/66. GAI; has 62.3@ e#uity stae in ,;;)

along with J,C;) &NGC and I&C; as e#ual partners.

3=. Ratnagiri Ga" an# P?er Priate Lt#. 04G,,;1 is a (oint venture company

between GAI;) NT,C) Financial Institutions and -9'J. The capacity of the 4atnagiri

Gas ! ,ower 9tation is 2)63/ -*) which is the largest gas based power generation

facility in the country and is currently producing 6)B3/ -* of power. 4G,,; is in the

process of commissioning an ;NG import terminal of 3 --T,A capacity. GAI; has

52.BB@ stae in the Company along with NT,C as e#ual partner.

33. Trip$ra Nat$ra% Ga" C!pan< Lt#.0TNGC;1 is presently supplying gas to around

K)3// domestic) 6K/ commercial and industrial consumers and has set up one CNG

station in Agartala) which is catering to more than 6)8// vehicles. TNGC; has received

authori"ation from -o,NG for CG$ in Agartala. GAI; has 27@ stae in the Company.

3,. Gai% C(ina Ga" G%@a% Energ< 1%#ing" Li!ite#: The (oint venture company has

been formed with an ob(ective to pursue gas sector opportunities) mainly in China. GAI;

has 3/@ e#uity interest in the company along with China Gas as e#ual partner. The (oint


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venture company is in the process of identifying pro(ects in gas and other related areas in

China.


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ABOUT INDIAN OIL CORPORATION LIMITED

IOCL

ISION *IT1 ALUES


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OBECTIES *IT1 OBLIGATIONS4 IOCL

OBECTIES

To serve the national interests in oil

and related sectors in accordance and

consistent with Government policies.

To ensure maintenance of continuous

and smooth supplies of petroleum

products by way of crude oil refining)

transportation and mareting activities

and to provide appropriate assistance to consumers to conserve and use petroleum

products efficiently.

To enhance the country


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To maximise utilisation of the existing facilities for improving efficiency and

increasing productivity.

To minimise fuel consumption and hydrocarbon loss in refineries and stoc loss

in mareting operations to effect energy conservation.

To earn a reasonable rate of return on investment.

To avail of all viable opportunities) both national and global) arising out of the

Government of India+s policy of liberalisation and reforms.

To achieve higher growth through mergers) ac#uisitions) integration and

diversification by harnessing new business opportunities in oil exploration !

production) petrochemicals) natural gas and downstream opportunities overseas.

To inculcate strong core values+ among the employees and continuously update

sill sets for full exploitation of the new business opportunities.

To develop operational synergies with subsidiaries and (oint ventures and

continuously engage across the hydrocarbon value chain for the benefit of society

at large.


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OBLIGATIONS

T?ar#" '$"t!er" an# #ea%er": To provide prompt) courteous and efficient

service and #uality products at competitive prices.

T?ar#" "$pp%ier": To ensure prompt dealings with integrity) impartiality and

courtesy and help promote ancillary industries.

T?ar#" e!p%


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FINANCIAL OBECTIES

To ensure ade#uate return on the capital employed and maintain a reasonable

annual dividend on e#uity capital.

To ensure maximum economy in expenditure.

To manage and operate all facilities in an efficient manner so as to generate

ade#uate internal resources to meet revenue cost and re#uirements for pro(ect

investment) without budgetary support.

To develop longterm corporate plans to provide for ade#uate growth of the

Corporation+s business.

To reduce the cost of production of petroleum products by means of systematic

cost control measures and thereby sustain maret leadership through cost

competitiveness.

To complete all planned pro(ects within the scheduled time and approved cost.


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GROUP COMPANIES

'xpanding >ori"ons Indian&il is currently metamorphosing from a pure sectoral

company with dominance in downstream in India to a vertically integrated) transnational

energy behemoth. The Corporation is already on the way to becoming a ma(or player in

petrochemicals by integrating its core refining business with petrochemical activities)

besides maing large investments in '!, and import%mareting ventures for oil!gas in

India and abroad.

Group Companies of I&C;:

6. ;ana I&C ,;C

2. Indian &il 0-auritius ;td.1

5. I&C -iddle 'ast FQ'

8. Chennai ,etroleum Corporation ;td.

3. Indian &il C4'$A Jiofuels ;td.


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RESE RCHMETHODOLOGY


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RESEARC1 MET1ODOLOG

OBECTIES OF T1E STUD42

To understand the perception of consumers about CNG.

To study about consumers expectation from the Green Gas ;td.

The problems faced by the consumers of CNG.

To study the satisfaction level of consumers of CNG.

To give few suggestion to increase more consumers of CNG.

NEED FOR T1E STUD42

To now the consumer perception about CNG) it contains different type of consumer+s

satisfaction level) their expectations and interest. *hat ind of problems consumers

facing in use of CNG.

LIMITATION OF T1E STUD42

6. Time is limiting factor

2. 4espondents bias

5. 4estricted to ;ucnow city

8. ,eoples didn+t show the interest to fill the #uestionnaires


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RESEARC1 DESIGN

A research design is simply the framewor or plan for a study that is used as guide in

collecting and analy"ing the data. It is blue print that is followed in completing a study.

According to Ker%inger) Re"ear'( #e"ign i" t(e p%an "tr$'t$re) an# "trateg< f

ine"tigatin 'n'eie# " a" t @tain an"?er" t re"ear'( $e"tin an# t 'ntr%

arian'e.&

The mareting research designs are classified on the basis of fundamental ob(ective of the

research. They may be exploratory or conclusive.

>ere in pro(ect Consumers 9atisfaction with CNG) the nature of research is exploratory)

$escriptive) and Analytical.. This research is to cover the nature of consumers using

CNG. And the thining and perception of consumers about CNG and the way of getting

profit ! convenience by using CNG is their vehicles basically those who are living in the

;ucnow.

The research tries to explore) describe and analy"e the benefits of CNG uses.


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Data Collection method

PRIMAR DATA

As the research is exploratory describe and Analytical in nature concerning consumers

related to the CNG users. ,rimary data collected by the ;$e"tinnaire and #ire't

intera'tinwith different people.

SECONDAR DATA

To obtain 9econdary data I have used following resources

N'*9,A,'49

*'J 9IT'9


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SAMPLING

Nat$re f Sa!p%ing2

In this pro(ect sample survey was conducted where the data was collected from some

CNG users of ;ucnow. The respondents selected were the users of CNG specially auto

ricshaw drivers.

Sa!p%ing Unit2

The sampling unit for the consumers is taen through #uestionnaires and direct

interviews in ;ucnow which may be user of CNG vehicle.

Sa!p%ing Sie2

*hen survey is undertaen it is not possible to cover the entire population. The sample

si"e decision is related directly to research cost.

The 9ampling si"e was undertaen for investors through #uestionnaires for our research

purpose is 3==.

Sa!p%ing Met(#2

9ince the chance of any particular unit in the population being selected is unnown so we

have used Non,robability sampling. *e have further used purposive sampling.

A#antage f "a!p%ing2

6. 9ampling is much more economical than a normal survey.

2. Joth the execution of the field wor and the analysis of the result can be carried out

speedily.

5. Information collected is more detailed and of speciali"ed.

CNG " PETROL2DEISEL IN LUCKNO*


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C"t Of Petr% R$pee" per %itre K2.57 4s%ltr

Die"e% 85.3 4s%ltr

CNG 8/ 4s%g

T(ere are t? f%# @enefit" f r$nning f r$nning n Petr% 82.K@

Saing" #$e t CNG a" > f r$nning n Petr% 3K.55 @

Dai%< Saing"

Fr 3==K! Aerage

4s. 627

Ann$a% Saing" 4s. 8K)/B3.28

CAR MARUTI

On Petr% On CNG

Mi%eage 63Om%litre 26 Om%Og

C"t f R$nning 5.K34s%Om 6.B34s%Om


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Saing #$e t CNG 6.7/ 4s%Om

C"t f r$nning n CNG a" > f r$nning n Petr% 87.55 @

Saing" #$e t CNG a" > f r$nning n Petr% 3/.KK @

Dai%< Saing"

Fr 7=K! Aerage

4s. 668

Ann$a% Saing" 4s. 86)6/

Car In#i'a H A!@a""a#r

On Petr% On CNG

Mi%eage 68Om%litre 2/ Om%Og

C"t f R$nning 8./24s%Om 6.734s%Om

Saing #$e t CNG 2./K 4s%Om

C"t f r$nning n CNG a" > f r$nning n Petr% 8B.3/ @

Saing" #$e t CNG a" > f r$nning n Petr% 36.3/ @

Dai%< Saing" Fr 7=K! Aerage 4s. 628.2/

Ann$a% Saing" 4s. 83)555


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Car In#i'a H A!@a""a#r

On Die"e% On CNG

Mi%eage 62Om%litre 2/ Om%Og

C"t f R$nning 5.274s%Om 6.734s%Om

Saing #$e t CNG 6.58 4s%Om

C"t f r$nning n CNG a" > f r$nning n Die"e% 37.2K @

Saing" #$e t CNG a" > f r$nning n Die"e% 8/.K5 @

Dai%< Saing"

Fr 7=K! Aerage

4s. B/.8/

Ann$a% Saing" 4s. 27)58./5

B$" Cit f r$nning n Die"e% KB.BK @

Saing" #$e t CNG a" > f r$nning n Die"e% 26.65 @Dai%< Saing"

Fr ,,=K! Aerage

4s. 837.B/

Ann$a% Saing" 4s. 6)K)B2K


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B$" 1ig(?a f r$nning n Die"e% KB.BK @

Saing" #$e t CNG a" > f r$nning n Die"e% 26.65 @

Dai%< Saing"

Fr -86 K! Aerage4s. KB5.K3

Ann$a% Saing" 4s. 2B)/B.K3

S$!!ar< f B$"e"

Dai%< Saing" n 6== @$"e" in 'it< R". 2277//

Ann$a% Saing" n 6== @$"e" in 'it< R". B57653//

Dai%< Saing" n 6== @$"e" n 1ig(?a< R". 576BK3

Ann$a% Saing" n 6== @$"e" n 1ig(?a< R". 685/585K3


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S*OT ANALSIS

STRENGT1S4

;ocation of the pro(ect will play a pivotal role in the successful running of the

CNG station. The daily turnover of the cars largely depends on this important

factor.

9election of proper e#uipment is another ey for carrying out the successful

operations of the proposed pro(ect. As we are importing e#uipment mostly from

abroad hence it will surely affect our performance positively.

*EAKNESSES4

;ac of expertise might be our wea point.

*e are going to start a venture when there is prevailing a general shortfall of gas

supply in the country.

*e have currently no silled worers for this venture that might be a challenge

for us.


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OPPORTUNITIES4

The proposed pro(ect would have a number of competitive advantages:

The pro(ect will provide cheaper fuel to its customers compared to the petroleum

products which are already on the higher side.

Government has exempted the imposition of sales tax and custom duties on the

import of CNG its and CNG plant and e#uipment)

>$I,) a nonprofitable organi"ation woring under the umbrella of -inistry of

,etroleum and Natural 4esources) provides consultancy services to the interested

parties for setting up the CNG filling stations.

T1REATS4

The proposed pro(ect will be facing the following threat:

-aret saturation over a longer period of time due to a large number of entrants.

Threat of increase in the prices of the natural gas by the government.


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D TN LYSIS


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DATA ANALSIS

6. 9ince when are you using CNG in your vehicles:

/2 years 8B

28 years 5

8 years 6

Interpretatin4-ost of CNG users are new users of CNG. It shows that CNG uses has

been increased in recent time.


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2. >ow much do you save per month on CNG as compared to petrol%diesel:

Jelow 4s. 6// 66

4s. 6//4s. 5// 2B

4s. 5//4s. 3// 52

4s. 3//4s. K// 26

4s. K// ! above B


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Interpretatin4-ost of CNG users are able to save 6//3// 4upees in 6 month. *hich

is a good saving in concern of middle class consumer.


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5. Are you satisfied with the savings which you mae on CNG:

es 7

No 8

Interpretatin4-ost of CNG users are satisfied with saving by use of CNG.


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8. *hat is your average running on the vehicle:

Jelow 8/ 5

8// 2

/B/ 2

Above B/ /

Interpretatin4According to survey CNG consumers are getting better average of 8//

comparing to the ,etrol ! $iesel.


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3. >ow fre#uently do you get your vehicle refilled in a monthS

65 2

83 5

B 6/

BV 6

Interpretatin4According to survey most of CNG consumers refill 83 times in a month.


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. $o you incur any additional maintenance cost while using CNG vehicle:

es /

No 6//

Interpretatin4According to survey use of CNG is vehicles doesn+t force any extra

maintenance cost..


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K. >ow does CNG usage affect your vehicle+s engine life:

Increases 6

$ecreases 53

4emains 9ame 8

Interpretatin4According to survey use of CNG in vehicles doesn+t affect on engine of

vehicles. -eans use of CNG has no sideeffect on engine.


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B. $o you face any other problem while using CNGS ,lease tic:

Not suitable for long distance (ourney 36

;imited number of refilling points 88

9afety 3

Interpretatin4According to survey most of the CNG consumers thins that depending

on CNG only is not enough for ;ong $istance ourney and Number of refilling stations is

another concern for consumers but less consumers thin that there any safety issue with

use of CNG.


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FINDINGS


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FINDINGS

CNG E1ICLES IN LUCKNO*

N$!@er f CNG e(i'%e" in L$'kn?

e(i'%e T


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CNG OUTLETS IN LUCKNO*

CNG $t%et" in L$'kn?

L'atin A##re""O?ner

C!panardoi bypass near

Juddeshwar Crossing)

;ucnow

I&C; $aughter

Jooster

9tation 0$J91

-adion 9tandard Fuel Centre)

9itapur 4oad) -adion)

;ucnow

I&C; $aughter

Jooster

9tation 0$J91

Gomti Nagar Commercial ,lot No.8)

Eibhuti Ohand) ;ucnow.

GG; -other

9tation

Gomti

Nagar0C&C&1

C&C& Gomati nagar)

;ucnow.

I&C; $aughter

Jooster

9tation 0$J91

Fai"abad 4oad 9aet filling

Centre)chinhat)Fai"abad

4oad ;ucnow.

I&C; $aughter

9tation 0$91

Ashiana Indra Automobiles ,,6)

9ector-) Ashiana)

;ucnow

I&C; &nline

9tation


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-ost of CNG users are new users of CNG. It shows that CNG uses has been

increased in recent time.

-ost of CNG users are able to save 6//3// 4upees in 6 month) *hich is a good

saving in concern of middle class consumer.

-ost of CNG users are satisfied with saving by use of CNG.

CNG consumers are getting better average of 8// comparing to the ,etrol !

$iesel.

Use of CNG is vehicles doesn+t force any extra maintenance cost..

Use of CNG in vehicles doesn+t affect on engine of vehicles. -eans use of CNG

has no sideeffect on engine.

-ost of the CNG consumers thins that depending on CNG only is not enough

for ;ong $istance ourney and Number of refilling stations is another concern for

consumers but less consumers thin that there any safety issue with use of CNG.


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CONCLUSION


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CONCLUSION

Compressed Natural Gas has been accepted as an alternative fuel by the public at

large.

The success of CNG 'xpansion ,rogram would depend on many factors. The ey

factors being the economy of CNG visWvis other conventional fuels) adherence

to safety guidelines and the Government 9upport.

CNG is proven ! commercially available clean fuel.

Use of CNG has been most common in Juses ! autoricshaws.

CNG bound for a phenomenal growth with the availability of NG in different

cities.

9afety of CNG vehicles and CNG economics are ey factors for the success of

CNG program.

Green Gas ;imited is committed to build clean ! green environment.

The emphasis of Govt: would be on fuels with lowest emissions.

>owever) CNG is here for the time being till a better fuel is discovered offering

better economics to the users.

.


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SUGGESTIONS


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SUGGESTIONS

Implement rigorous thirdparty inspection of vehicles and CNG fueling stations.

9upplement periodic inspections with onroad checs.

,ublic transport policy should emphasi"e new dedicated CNG vehicles rather than

conversions.

Improve fueling infrastructure: Found that /@ of stations that were daughter

stations were selling 63@ of the gas. ,lan more online stations. 9eparate fueling

facilities for buses and large trucs

Train drivers) mechanicsXeveryone related

$esign fiscal and regulatory measures

$evelop institutional capacity. Constant monitoring

New programme re#uires a supportive institutional framewor. Consistently wor

towards improving the programme content


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NNEXURE


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BIBLIOGRAP1

*e@"ite"4

???.gg%e.'!

???.gg%n%ine.net

???.gai% .ni'.in

???.i'% .'!

"""!"i#ipedia!com
http://www.google.com/http://www.gglonline.net/http://www.gail.nic.in/http://www.gail.nic.in/http://www.iocl.com/http://www.iocl.com/http://www.google.com/http://www.gglonline.net/http://www.gail.nic.in/http://www.iocl.com/


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;UESTIONNAIRE

NAME

CONTACT

E1ICLE NUMBER

E1ICLE TPE

EAR OF PURC1ASE

$e "ould %e grateful if ou could spare a fe" minutes to complete this Customer

atisfaction (uestionnaire to help us ensure that our standard of customer care

e)ceeds e)pectations "herever possi%le*

6. 9ince when are you using CNG in your vehicles:

/2 yrs. 28 yrs. 8 yrs

2. >ow much do you save per month on CNG as compared to petrol%diesel:

Jelow 4s. 6// 4s. 6//4s. 5// 4s. 5//4s. 3//

4s. 3//4s. K// 4s. K// ! above

5. Are you satisfied with the savings which you mae on CNG:

es No


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8. *hat is your average running on the vehicle:

Jelow 8/ 8// /B/ B/ ! above

3. >ow fre#uently do you get your vehicle refilled in a month:

65 83 B BV

. $o you incur any additional maintenance cost while using CNG vehicle:

es No

K. >ow does CNG usage affect your vehicle+s engine life:

Increases $ecreases 4emains 9ame

B. $o you face any other problem while using CNGS ,lease tic:

Not suitable for long distance (ourney

;imited number of refilling points

9afety

7. Any suggestions for improved services:


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T1ANK OU

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