Emissions and odours from materials Germany‘s national ... · 2 History of AgBB implementation in...

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Christine Däumling German Federal Environment Agency (UBA) and

AgBB secretariat

Emissions and odours from materialsCERTECH, 9 – 10 November 2011

Germany‘s national approach and its role in promoting European

harmonisation

National activities and European Input

• Milestones in implementation and improvement of AgBB in Germany

• Experiences in legal requirements and data of product emissions and evaluation

• 10 years NIK WG experience with LCI as tool for evaluation, increasing interest by European industry

• Initiative for European harmonisation of labelling schemes

• Harmonisation of LCI for use in labelling, legal and voluntary

• Labelling and CE marking• Sensory testing

2Christine Däumling (UBA) - CERTECH 2011

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History of AgBB implementation in Germany (10 years)

• 1997: ECA 18 – ECA 18 – European Collaborative Action Report 18….

• 2000: AgBB proposal of emission reduction for building products,

two levels of quality requirement

• 2001: 1st Hearing with relevant stakeholders from industry‘s side, regulators, scientists, labs, NGOsStart of LCI group (NIK-WG) incl. representatives of industry

• 2002 – 2004 Introductory period with sharing of testing experiences for a broad range of products, 2nd Hearing 2004

• 2005: AgBB scheme part of approval requirements by DIBt

Notification in Brussels..• 2006: AgBB emission test mandatory for flooring materials in

Germany

• later on adhesives, lacquers, screed, decorative wall coverings…


History of Initiatives and German Input into European Processes

• 2007: International Conference “Construction Products and Indoor Air Quality”, Berlin, 4-5 June UBA Initiative to investigate potential for harmonisation

• 2008 - 2009: Work on Harmonisation of labelling systemsM1 DICL AgBB AFSSET ; results in ECA 27

• 2010 International expert hearings on Labelling an d LCI , coordinated by JRC Ispra

• 2006 – 2010 Research on Sensory aspects of VOC emissions• 2011: 1st Hearing on Sensory Testing, by DIBt, UBA BAM, AgBB

Scope: Introduction of Sensory test into AgBB scheme

• 2012 – 2013 Pilot phase on sensory testing (ISO 16 0 00 – 28)


+ JRC + BREEAM + …

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Voluntary labelling..

Basic requirement

for admittance to market

AgBB-Scheme, first publication in 2000/2001: two qu ality levels

levelsclose toECA 18(1997)


German Approach in AgBB-Scheme 2010: Fundamentals in Assessment of Chemical

Emissions from (Building) Products

1. to assess the toxicological relevanceof detected single substances

- LCI values- Carcinogens

- Harmless substances

3. to limit the total amount of emissions of volatile organic compounds

- TVOC, TSVOC, VVOC?

2. to limit the unassessable substances (precautionary principle)

- VOCwithout LCI


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DIBt: Standards where emission tests are needed forapproval as national requirement in Germany

(CE + Ü �� abZ)

– EN 14041Resilient, textile and laminate floor coverings - Essential characteristics;

– EN 14342 Wood flooring - Characteristics, evaluation of conformity and marking

– EN 13813 Screed material and floor screeds - Screed materials -Properties and requirements

– DIN EN 14904 Surfaces for sports areas - Indoor surfaces for multi-sports use - Specification

– EN 15285 Agglomerated stone - Modular tiles for flooring and stairs (internal and external)

– As well as all coatings, adhesives and underlays used in conjunction with the product

– EN 15102 Decorative wallcoverings - Roll and panel form products (coming in 2013)


Product group Award criteria Number of vendors (different products)*

Low emission wood products and wood base products RAL-UZ 38 57 (146)

Low emission composite wood panels RAL-UZ 76 11 (17)

Low emission floor coverings adhesives and other installation materials

RAL-UZ 113 19 (155)

Low emission upholstered furniture RAL-UZ 117 6 (19)

Mattresses RAL-UZ 119 6 (31)

Low emission elastic floor coverings RAL-UZ 120 4 (9)

Low emission sealants for interior use RAL-UZ 123 3 (15)

Low emission textile floor coverings RAL-UZ 128 47 (81)

Wooden toys RAL-UZ 130 0 (0)

Low emission thermal insulation material and suspended ceilings for use in buildings

RAL-UZ 132 12 (43)

Low emission upholstery leather RAL-UZ 148 1 (2)

Low emission footstep sound insulation RAL-UZ 156 0 (0) [new label]

* Date: July 1, 2011 [www.blauer-engel.de]

“Blue Angel” labels based on emission testing:


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http://www.klosterkirche.de/zeiten/pfingsten/img/turm-babel.jpg


Different assessment traditions in labelling

European Collaborative

Actions

Finland (1995) Classes

OdourLow TVOC M1 M2 M3

Denmark (1995) Time-value (days)

Irritation Odour 10 20 30

Scientific discussions

Research results

Standards

Result given asFocus on

Experiences

Germany (2000)

TVOCsLCI Yes

Accepted

No

France (2006)

TVOCsLCI

Accepted

Yes No


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Goals / outcome

Broad consensus forEuropean Labelling

Convention ?

Coordination by JRC Preparatory WG: 3 meetings so far

2012 Continuous EU-LCI WG EU-LCI List

VOC-Carcinogens list to check for in emission testing

Phase II

Analytical carcinogens group

Labelling Group

LCI Group

June 2010, Somma Lombardo: Experts Group on “Harmonised Framework

on Indoor Material Labelling Schemes” shall be established


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Perspective in harmonisation of LCI values

NIK WGAgBB

CLI WGAFSSET

EU LCI Committee

2009

2010

2011

2012

Preparatory working group


LCI – Lowest concentration of interest

are auxiliary parameters for comparable evaluation of emissions of

products under test chamber conditions

• not indoor air guideline values!

The LCI concept was integrated into national evaluation systems,

updated and improved:

In Germany by AgBB since 2001:

NIK – Niedrigste interessierende Konzentration

In France by AFSSET since 2005:

CLI – Concentration limite d‘intérêt

Origins:

ECA 18 – European Collaborative Action, Report No. 1 8 (1997)

Example from the AgBB LCI-list


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German LCIs: NIK-AG – some features

• Start in 2001 - reviewing ‘old’ ECA 18 substances and methodology and values

• 13 members, from Federal Health Authorities(4), UBA(3), BfR(1), BAM(1), DIBt(1) and Industry(3)

• 21 meetings so far

• 170 substances in LCI list 2010 – update in 2012

• new LCI values are derived on demand, needs expressed by industry, DIBt, research/laboratories

• all updates and a preview for expected changes are available online

• revised decision tree agreed upon in 2010

• NIK-Portal since 2009 – a tool for choosing best available scientific basis for LCI setting


Steps in LCI-Harmonisation:

• Screening of substances in AgBB und AFSSET:

Harmonised list of 170 substances

• Screening of substance evaluation

= Same or similar values substancial differences

ca. 100 ca. 50Sustances with only one evaluation: 20

• What can be learned by national approaches

• Development of a harmonised European approach (SOP)

• Application of SOP on the values with substancial differences

Step by step deriving harmonised LCI-valuesEU-LCI-List


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EU-LCINo

CAS No.

SubstanceProvisional

EU-LCI

NIKAgBB2010

Remarks / derivedfrom

CLIAFSSET

2009

Remarks / derived from

Explanatory note for choice of provisional EU-LCI value

4-5 111-27-3 1-Hexanol 2100 2100 OEL D 2100 MAK-AGS

4-6 108-93-0 Cyclohexanol 2000 2100TLV (ACGIH): 206000

µg/m 3 2000 OEL Fprecautionary approach by adopting the lower value

4-7 104-76-7 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol 1100 1100 OEL D 1100 MAK

4-8 111-87-5 1-Octanol 1100 1100 OEL D 1100 MAK-AGS

4-9 123-42-24-Hydroxy-4-methyl-pentane-2-on (diacetone alcohol)

960 960 OEL D 950 MAKprecautionary approach by adopting the lower value

4-10other C4 - C13 saturated alcohols n- and iso-

1100cf. 4-7 and 4-8; saturated

cyclic alcohols are excluded (OEL D)

5 Aromatic alcohols

5-1 108-95-2 Phenol 10EU: Mut. Cat. 3;

Individ. substance evaluation

20VTR RIVM

EU: Mut. Cat. 3

5-2 128-37-0BHT (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol)

100 100OELs Denmark, Finland,

France, Great Britain: 10000 µg/m³

100 OEL F

5-3 100-51-6 Benzyl alcohol 440 440WEEL (AIHA): 44000 µg/m³

450 TWA WEEL (AIHA) no rounding

6 Glycols, Glycolethers6-1 107-21-1 Ethandiol (Ethylenglykol) 260 OEL D 400 VTR OEHHA

6-2 96-49-1 Ethylene carbonate370(1.4)

cf. Ethanediol (6-1); conversion via molecular

weight (OEL D)400

Analogy 6-1 (VTR OEHHA)

6-3 7397-62-8Butyl glycolate550 (2.1)

cf. glycolic acid, metabolite of ethanediol

(6-1); conversion via molecular weight (OEL D)

1300 OEL Denmark

6-4 111-46-6 Diethylene glycol 440 440 OEL D 450 MAK-DFG/OEL DMAK value already rounded, no double rounding

6-5 57-55-6Propylene glycol(1,2-Dihydroxypropane)

2500Individ. substance

evaluation100 TWA WEEL (AIHA)

6-6 108-32-7 Propylene carbonate 250Individ. substance

evaluation

6-7 623-84-7 Propylene glycol diacetate5300 (2.1)

cf. propylene glycol (6- 5); conversion via molecular

weight6500 OEL Denmark

6-8 110-98-5 Dipropylene glycol 670 670 OEL D (CAS 25265-71-8) 650 OEL D no rounding

6-9 110-63-4 1,4-Butanediol 2000 2000 OEL D 2000 OEL D

6-10 107-41-5Hexylene glycol(2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol)

490 MAK-DFG: 49000 µg/m³

6-11 6846-50-02,2,4-Trimethylpentanediol diisobutyrate (TXIB)

450 450Individ. substance

evaluation450 NIK AgBB

• Work on Harmonisation in 170 substances list is proceeding well

But

a special challenge for harmonisation is given by

Mandatory emission testingand labelling of indoor products

beginning in 2012/2013in France :

Christine Däumling (UBA) - CERTECH 2011

Following substances will be taken for evaluation andclassification:

• Formaldehyd• Acetaldehyd• Toluol• Tetrachlorethylen• Xylol• 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzol• 1,4-Dichlorbenzol• Ethylbenzol• 2-Butoxyethanol • Styrol

+ TVOC

Francois Maupetit will explain all details..

New Regulation in France 2012:


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Source: UBA Texte 61/2011

„Sensory based evaluation of building products emissions“

BAM report 2011: VOC emitted by 30 flooring materials and adhesives


Practical experience: Data

10 French labelling substances, checked in 22 flooring materials, 8 adhesives (BAM 2011) :

Detected emission (µg/m³, day 28) A+ (CLI)

Formaldehyde 3 10

Acetaldehyde 200

Toluene 300

Tetrachloroethylene 250

Xylene 200

1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene 1000

1,4-Dichlorobenzene 60

Ethylbenzene 750

2-Butoxyethanol 1000

Styrene 8 250


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Christine Däumling (UBA) - CERTECH 2011 21

Source: UBA Texte 21/2007„Environmental and health provisions for building products“

BAM report 2007: VOC emitted by 50 different building materials

Detected emission (µg/m³, day 28) A+

Formaldehyde SR-plaster 21, 15, 160, 2,wood based 33; 19; 88; 34; 7; 54; 6; 8; 11

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Acetaldehyde 4; 5; 23; 20; 11; 89; 21; 13; 15; 11 200

Toluene 300

Tetrachloroethylene 250

Xylene 2 200

1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene 1000

1,4-Dichlorobenzene 60

Ethylbenzene 1; 3 750

2-Butoxyethanol 1000

Styrene 250


10 French labelling substances, checked in 50 different building products (BAM 2007) :

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Preparatory WG agreed onFundamentals in Assessment of Chemical Emissions:

1. assessable single substancescheck for toxicological relevance of emissions

- LCI values- Carcinogens- Harmless substances

2. limit of the total amountof emissions

- TVOC, TSVOC

3. limit unassessable substances (REACH process will help to reduce unassessables)

- VOCwithout LCI

Requirements / Parameter Consensus

Measuring method / Chamber

Harmonised CEN Standard

(based on ISO 16000 series)

Measuring points (days) 3 and 28

Core criteria

Single VOC evaluation(R = ∑ Ci/LCIi <1)

R < 1Harmonised list of LCI

Carcinogens EU carcinogens (cl.1 and 2)

Harmonised list

TVOC measured 200-1000 µg/m 3

Formaldehyde measured Value still under discussion

Optional criteria

Compounds without LCI assessment

Sum < 100 µg/m 3

TSVOC measured Await validation TC 351

Sensory evaluation Await ISO 16000-28


Conclusions from AgBB experience

1. Indoor products (-groups) differ largely in their potential to influence indoor air quality. Low emission products are needed for low energy buildings.

2. Emission tests and control is effective in triggering low emission products.

3. Health related evaluation needs to check all emitted substances and compare their concentrations with their respective threshold of relevance, the so called LCI value.

4. It is not feasible to have different LCI values in different countries.

5. A common list of European LCI values is beneficial in furthering both: voluntary and mandatory systems.


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From testing to labelling

what

how

when

how long

Test

Resulting values

How to condense?

Report

How to simplify

?

Evaluation LabelCE

ÜPerformance

classes?

voluntarylabelling?

CEN TC 351 WG 2harmonisation of testing standards

who,national or EU?

Architects,Consumers..


identified target compounds

identified non target compounds

non identified compounds

carcinogenic substances

sum of SVOC

sum of VOC

Annex for discussion:


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ParametersDetails (unit: µg/m3, except for the R-

value (without unit))4 3 2 1 Declaration format

TVOC TVOC measured 3d-28d one time > 2000 < 2000 < 1500 < 1000 declare class 1 to 4

Qualification (Q) R calculation with harmonized LCI list < 1 Y / N

Carcinogens day 3 < 10

Carcinogens day 28 < 1

Non assessable VOC < 100

TVOC (3d) < 10 000

Σ SVOC (C17-C22) < 100

HCHO formaldehyde > 120 < 120 < 60 < 10 declare class 1 to 4

acetaldehyde > 400 < 400 < 300 < 200

toluene > 600 < 600 < 450 < 300

tetrachlorethylene > 500 < 500 < 350 < 250

Individual xylene > 400 < 400 < 300 < 200 declare class 1 to 4

Substances 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene > 2000 < 2000 < 1500 < 1000 (highest class measuered)

List (ISL) 1,4-dichlorobenzene > 120 < 120 < 90 < 60

ethylbenzene > 1500 < 1500 < 1000 < 750

2-butoxyethanol > 2000 < 2000 < 1500 < 1000

styrene > 500 < 500 < 350 < 250

Draft Proposal for Classes in CE marking(DG ENTR ad hoc group classes)


TVOC 1/ Q Y/ HCHO 3/ ISL 1


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1. Hearing on Sensory Testing of Building Products

05. December 2011 im Deutschen Institut für Bautech nik (DIBt) Berlin

Last but not least: SENSORY TESTING planned for AgB B


AgBB: Evaluation of Odour • Odour Assessment is intended in the AgBB-scheme from it‘s early

beginning

• Meanwhile ISO 16000-28 is available describing procedures forodour measurement

• AgBB plans to implement odour assesssment in a 2 year pilotphase

• During this phase two Round Robin Tests are planned – basedon ISO 16000-28 (Perceived Intensity / Trained Panel / Acetone-Comparative Scale; Hedonics) - Scheduled Dates: September 2012and September 2013

• Institutes having experience with this procedure or plan to installthe equipment in the near future are kindly invited to participate in the round robin tests

• If you are interested to participate please send an email [email protected]


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Thank You!

AgBB-Scheme: http://www.umweltbundesamt.de/building-products/agbb.htmLCI value changes: http://www.umweltbundesamt.de/building-products/archive/NIK-Bearbeitungsliste.pdf


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Emissions and odours from materials Germany‘s national ... · 2 History of AgBB implementation in...

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