Employment and Earnings - FRASER · 2018. 11. 7. · Employment Status D-l. Employment status of...

DEPOSITORY

EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS

U.S. Department of LaborBureau of Labor StatisticsApril 1994

In this issue: First quarter 1994averages for householdsurvey data

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABORRobert B. Reich, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICSKatharine G. Abraham, Commissioner

E & E - Employment and Earnings (ISSN 0013-6840), isprepared in the Office of Employment and Unemploy-ment Statistics in collaboration with the Office of Publi-cations and Special Studies. The data are collected by theBureau of the Census (Department of Commerce) andState employment security agencies, in cooperation withthe Bureau of Labor Statistics. A brief description of thecooperative statistical programs of the BLS with theseagencies is presented in the Explanatory Notes and Esti-mates of Error section. The State agencies are listed onthe inside back cover.

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Jan.

Jan.

Jan.

Jan.

Jan.

Jan., Apr., July, Oct.

April 1994

Vol. 41 No. 4

Calendar of Features

In addition to the monthly data appearing regularlyin Employment and Earnings, special features appearin most of the issues as shown below.

Household data

Annual averages

Union affiliation

Earnings by detailed occupation

Employee absences

Revised seasonally adjusted series

Quarterly averages: Seasonally adjusted data,persons of Hispanic origin, Vietnam-eraveterans and nonveterans, and weeklyearnings data.

Establishment data

National annual averages:

Industry divisions (preliminary) Jan.

Industry detail Mar., June

Women employees Mar., June

National data revised to reflect new benchmarks andnew seasonal adjustment factors June

Revised historical national data Bulletin1

State and area annual revisions March

State and area annual averages May

Area definitions May

State and area labor force data

Annual revisions MarchAnnual averages May

1 The most recent publication was issued in August 1993 as Employment,Hours, and Earnings, United States, 1981-93, BLS Bulletin 2429, and isavailable from: New Orders, U.S. Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954, at 333 a copy, GPO Stock Number029-001-03148-3.


Employment and EarningsEditors: Gloria Peterson Green, Eugene H. Becker

Editors' NoteDue to editing and processing problems associated with the Current Population Survey (CPS) redesign,

publication of all labor force data by family relationship has been temporarily suspended. Publication of data onmetropolitan-nonmetropolitan, poverty-nonpoverty, urban, and rural areas has been discontinued until after thecompletion of the redesign of the CPS sample areas in 1995.

Contents

Page

List of statistical tables 2Contents to the explanatory notes and estimates of error 5Employment and unemployment developments, March 1994 6Summary tables and charts 8Explanatory notes and estimates of error 156Index to statistical tables 192

Statistical tables

Source Historical adjusted^ seasonallyadjusted

Household data 10 12 21

Establishment data:Employment:

National 44StateArea

Hours and earnings:National 45State and area

Local area labor force data:RegionalStateArea

Household data:Quarterly averages 136 145

4853

61

124126

657878

96119

131131


Monthly Household Data

Page

HistoricalA - l . Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1961 to date 10A-2. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1983 to date 11

Seasonally Adjusted Data

Employment Status

A-3. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age 12A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin 13

A-5. Employment and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex and age 15

Characteristics of the Employed

A-6. Employed persons by marital status, occupation, class of worker, and part-time status 16A-7. Employed persons by age and sex 17

Characteristics of the Unemployed

A-8. Unemployed persons by age and sex 17A-9. Unemployment rates by age and sex 18

A-10. Unemployment rates by occupation, industry, and selected demographic characteristics 19A - l 1. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment 20A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment 20

Not Seasonally Adjusted Data

Employment Status

A-13. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race 21A-14. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age 24A-15. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school

enrollment, educational attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin 25A-16. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by age, sex, and race 27


A-17. Employed persons by occupation, sex, and age 28A-18. Employed persons by occupation, race, and sex 29A-19. Employed persons by industry and occupation 30A-20. Employed persons in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age, sex, and class of worker 31A-21. Persons at work in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by hours of work 32A-22. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours in all and nonagricultural industries by reason for working

less than 35 hours and usual full- or part-time status 32A-23. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and usual full- or part-time status 33A-24. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by age, sex, race, marital status, and usual full- or

part-time status 34A-25. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and usual full- or part-time status 35


A-26. Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex 36A-27. Unemployed persons by occupation and sex 37A-28. Unemployed persons by industry and sex 38A-29. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and race 39A-30. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment 40A-31. Unemployed persons, total and full-time workers, by duration of unemployment 40A-32. Unemployed persons by age, sex, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment 41A-33. Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment 42

Persons Not in the Labor Force

A-34. Persons not in the labor force by desire and availability for work, age, and sex 42

Multiple Jobholders

A-35. Multiple jobholders by selected demographic and economic characteristics 43

Vietnam-era Veterans and Nonveterans

A-36. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age . . . 43


Monthly Establishment Data

Page

Historical

B-l. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1943 to date 44B-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm

payrolls by major industry, 1964 to date 45


Employment

NationalB-3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and selected component groups 48B-4. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group 50B-5. Production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry

and manufacturing group 51B-6. Diffusion indexes of employment change 52

States

B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry 53

Hours and Earnings

National

B-8. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrollsby major industry and manufacturing group 61

B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarmpayrolls by major industry and manufacturing group 62

B-10. Hours of wage and salary workers on nonfarm payrolls by major industry 63B- l l . Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private

nonfarm payrolls by major industry 64


Employment

National

B-l2. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry 65B-l3. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group 77

States and Areas

B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry 78

Hours and Earnings

National

B-l5. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarmpayrolls by detailed industry 96

B-15a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles(SIC 3761) manufacturing 116

B-16. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime, of production workers on manufacturing payrolls 117B-l7. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private

nonfarm payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1982) dollars 118

States and AreasB-l8. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in

States and selected areas 119

Monthly Regional, State, and Area Labor Force Data


C-l. Employment status of the civilian population for census regions and divisions 124C-2. Labor force status by State 126


C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas . . . 131


Quarterly Household Data

Page


Employment Status

D-l . Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age 136D-2. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin 137


D-3. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex and age 139D-4. Employed persons by marital status, occupation, class of worker, and part-time status 140D-5. Employed persons by age and sex 141


D-6. Unemployed persons by age and sex 141D-7. Unemployment rates by age and sex 142D-8. Unemployment rates by occupation, industry, and selected demographic characteristics 143D-9. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment 144

D-10. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment 144


Employment Status

D - l l . Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin 145D-l2 . Employment status of the Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin population by sex and age 146


D-13. Employed white, black, and Hispanic-origin workers by sex, occupation, class of worker, andfull- and part-time status 147

D-14. Employed Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban-origin workers by sex, occupation, class of worker,and full- and part-time status 148

D-15. Employed persons by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin 149


D-16. Unemployment rates by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin 149D-l7. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin 150D-18. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin 150

Weekly Earnings Data

D-19. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics 151D-20. Median weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics 152D-21. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and sex 153

Vietnam-era Veterans and Nonveterans Data

D-22. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age 154D-23. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, race, and Hispanic origin 154


Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error

Page

Introduction 156Relation between the household and establishment series . . . 156Comparability of household data with other series 157Comparability of payroll employment data with

other series 157

Household data 158Collection and coverage 158Concepts and definitions 158Historical comparability 161

Conceptual/methodological changes 161Noncomparability of labor force levels 162Changes in the occupational and industrial

classification systems 164Sampling 165

Selection of sample areas 165Selection of sample households 166Rotation of sample 166

Estimating methods 167Noninterview adjustment 167Ratio estimates 167

First stage 167Second stage 167

Composite estimation procedure 168Rounding of estimates 168Reliability of the estimates 168

Nonsampling error 168Sampling error 169

Tables 1-B through 1-H 170

Establishment data 176Collection 176Concepts 176

Page

Establishment data—ContinuedEstimating methods 179

Benchmarks 179

Monthly estimation 179Stratification 179Link relative technique 179Bias adjustment 179Summary of methodology table 180

The sample 181Design 181Coverage 182Reliability 182

Measures of error tables 182Benchmark revision as a measure of survey error 182Noneconomic code changes 183Hours and earnings 183Revisions between preliminary and final data 183

Statistics for States and areas 185

Regional, State, and area labor force data 188

Federal-State cooperative program 188Estimating methods 188

Estimates for States 188Current monthly estimates 188Benchmark correction procedures 189

Estimates for sub-State areas 189

Preliminary estimate:Employment 189Unemployment 189

Sub-State adjustment for additivity 189Benchmark correction 189

Seasonal adjustment 190


Employment and UnemploymentDevelopments, March 1994

Nonfarm payroll employment rebounded sharply inMarch from weather-related weakness in the prior 2months. The unemployment rate, at 6.5 percent, was thesame as it had been in February.

The March increase of 456,000 in the number of payrolljobs brought growth in the first quarter back in line withthat for the fourth quarter of last year. The averageworkweek also expanded markedly following February'sweather-induced declines.

UnemploymentThe unemployment rate was 6.5 percent in March, the

same as in February, and the number of unemployedpersons remained at 8.5 million. Unemployment rates formost worker groups were little changed from February toMarch.

Changes over the month in several measures partiallyreversed unusually large movements in February. Thenumber of persons jobless for less than 5 weeks rose by184,000 in March, while the number who were joblessfrom 5 to 14 weeks fell by 178,000. (See table A-12.) Thenumber of persons employed part time for economic rea-sons—often referred to as the "partially unem-ployed" — rose by 349,000 to a total of 5.0 million in March(table A-6). It is important to note that data from thehousehold survey continue to reflect the transition to a re-vised questionnaire and new collection methods whichwere implemented in January.

Total employment and the labor forceTotal employment was 122.0 million in March, little

changed from February. The employment-populationratio — the proportion of the working-age population withjobs — also was about unchanged at 62.2 percent. (See tableA-3.) A total of 7.2 million workers (not seasonallyadjusted), or 5.9 percent of all employed persons, held twoor more jobs in March (table A-35).

The labor force participation rate in March was 66.6percent (seasonally adjusted), and there were 130.6 millionpeople in the labor force, about the same as in February.(See table A-3.)

Discouraged workersThe number of discouraged workers — those who

wanted a job but gave up searching for work because they

believed there were no jobs to be found —was about530,000 in March (not seasonally adjusted). (See tableA-34.)

Industry payroll employmentNonfarm payroll employment climbed by 456,000 in

March, as several industries rebounded from depressedlevels related to severe winter weather in January andFebruary. Monthly job growth for the first quarteraveraged 208,000, about the same healthy advance as inthe last quarter of 1993. (See table B-3.)

The construction industry added 74,000 jobs in Marchon a seasonally adjusted basis. After 2 months ofweather-related declines totaling 22,000, constructionagain showed the strength it exhibited in late 1993. Miningemployment was down slightly in March, as oil and gasextraction continued to lose jobs.

Manufacturing employment edged up by 12,000 inMarch, for the sixth straight month of growth, duringwhich time 88,000 jobs have been added. Over-the-monthgains were recorded in fabricated metals, industrialmachinery, and electronic equipment; employment ineach of these industries has been trending upward sincelast summer. There were job losses, however, in lumberand wood products, transportation equipment, andinstruments.

Employment in transportation and public utilities grewby 21,000, due to an unusually large increase in thetransportation component. Total transportation employ-ment (3.6 million) has now surpassed the previous peaklevel reached in December 1990. The number of jobs inretail trade rose by 74,000 in March, with gains distributedacross its component industries. Eating and drinkingestablishments regained the jobs lost as a result of theextreme winter weather, but their employment growth inthe first quarter was still below normal. Wholesale tradeemployment rose slightly (10,000); this industry has addedabout 150,000 jobs since September 1992.

The services industry added 223,000 jobs in March, asmany of its weather-sensitive components bounced back.Business, health, auto repair, and educational services, aswell as amusement and recreation and hotels and otherlodging places, all contributed to this increase. Theaverage rise in services employment for the first 3 monthsof the year (about 100,000) is in line with the trend for


1993. The finance industry added 10,000 jobs in March. Ingovernment, increases were registered at the State andlocal level, while the Federal Government continued tolose jobs.

Weekly hoursThe average workweek for production or nonsuperviso-

ry workers on private nonfarm payrolls rebounded by 0.4hour from February's large weather-related decline, to34.7 hours, seasonally adjusted. The manufacturingworkweek not only reversed February's decline but roseby an additional 0.4 hour, for a total over-the-month gainof 1.0 hour. The manufacturing workweek and overtimehours are at post-World War II highs of 42.2 and 4.8hours, respectively. (See table B-8.)

The index of aggregate hours of private production or

nonsupervisory workers on nonfarm payrolls jumped1.8 percent to 126.9 (1982=100) in March. The manu-facturing index shot up 2.5 percent to 104.0. (Seetable B-9.)

Hourly and weekly earningsAverage hourly earnings of private production or non-

supervisory workers on nonfarm payrolls edged up by 0.1percent in March, after seasonal adjustment. Averageweekly earnings rose by 1.3 percent, reflecting the increasein the workweek. Before seasonal adjustment, averagehourly earnings slipped 1 cent in March to $11.05, whileaverage weekly earnings were up $4-08 to $380.12. Overthe year, average hourly earnings increased by 2.4 percentand average weekly earnings by 3.6 percent. (See tablesB-ll andB-15.)

Scheduled Release Dates

Employment and unemployment data are scheduled for initial release on thefollowing dates:

Reference month

April

May

June

Release date

May 6

June 3

July 8

Reference month

July

August

September

Release date

August 5

September 2

October 7


HOUSEHOLD DATASEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Summary table A. Major labor force status categories, seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Category

Civilian noninstitutional populationCivilian labor force

Percent of populationEmployed

Percent of populationUnemployed

Not in labor force

All workersMen, 20 years and overWomen, 20 years and overBoth sexes, 16 to 19 yearsWhiteBlackHispanic origin

1993

Mar.

192,959127.440

66.0118.562

61.48.878

65.519

7.06.75.7

19.56.1

13511.2

Apr.

193.126127.539

66.0118.585

61.48,954

65,587

7.06.56.0

20.36.1

13710.5

May

193,283128.075

66.3119.180

61.78,895

65.208

6.96.55.9

19.86.1

1 2 910.0

June

193,456128.056

66.2119,187

61.68.869

65.400

6.96.55.9

19.56.1

13.310.3

July

193.633128,102

66.2119.370

61.68.732

65.531

6.86.55.8

18.46.0

12.810.8

Aug. Sep.. Oct.

Labor force status

193.793128.334

66.2119.692

61.88.642

65.459

193.971128,108

66.0119.568

61.68,540

65,863

194,151128,580

66.2119,941

61.88,639

65.571

Unemployment rates

6.76.45.7

18.45.9

12.59.9

6.76.35.8

17.95.8

12.510.0

6.76.25.8

18.96.1

11.911.4

Nov.

194,321128,662

66.2120.332

61.98,330

65,659

6.55.95.7

18.35.6

12.510.4

Dec.

194,472128,898

66.3120,661

62.08.237

65.574

6.45.85.7

17.85.6

11.510.5

1994

Jan.

195,953130.667

66.7121,971

62.28.696

65.286

6.75.96.0

18.45.8

13.110.6

F e b .

196.090130,776

66.7122.258

62.38.518

65,314

6.56.05.7

17.95.6

12.910.0

Mar.

196,213130,580

66.6122.037

62.28,543

65.633

6.55.86.0

17.85.7

12.510.0

NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlieryears. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey

Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings

Summary table B. Employment, hours, and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on nonfarm payrolls,seasonally adjusted


IndustryMar. Apr. May June

1993

July Aug.i

Sept. Oct. Nov. II i

Dec. Jan.

1994

| Feb.p j Mar."

TotalTotal private

Goods-producing industriesMiningConstructionManufacturing

Service-producing industriesTransportation and public utilities ...Wholesale tradeRetail tradeFinance, insurance, and real estateServicesGovernment

TotalTotal private

Goods-producing industriesMiningConstructionManufacturing

Service-producing industriesTransportation and public utilitiesWholesale tradeRetail tradeFinance, insurance, and real estateServicesGovernment

Total privateManufacturing

Overtime

Employment

Total privateManufacturing .

Average hourly earnings, total private:Current dollarsConstant (1982) dollars2

Average weekly earnings, total private .

109.56590.77723.016

6004.481

17.93586,549

5.7246.103

19.6046.574

29.75618.788

34.241.2

4.0

122.2101.6

$10.787.40

368.68

109,82091,02022,980

6004,517

17,86386,840

5,7206,110

19,6486,585

29.97718,800

T~110,05891,23923,006

6024,577

17,82787.052

5,7196,125

19,7026.588

30.09918.819

110,10191,27822,941

5964,574

17,77187,160

5,7116,110

19,7516,590

30.17518.823

110.33891,49722,948

5954,593

17,76087,390

5,7096,126

19,7906,604

30,32018.841

110,30591,47822.903

5924,593

17,71887,402

5,6906.107

19,7956.602

30,38118,827

110.50291.58022.886

5964,592

17.69887,616

5.6926,117

19,8366,616

30.43318,922

110,66491,76122.934

5964.629

17,70987,730

5.6936.122

19,8466,632

30,53418,903

1110,88091,97622,994

5954,664

17.73587.886

5,7006.129

19.8536.651

30,64918,904

111,11092.15623.008

6054,665

17.73888.102

5,6976,133

19,9496,660

30,70918,954

111,07992,15023,024

6024,653

17.76988.055

5.7086.156

19,9236.656

30,68318.929

1111.27792.35023,018

6014,643

17,77488.259

5.7166,174

19.9866,664

30,79218.927

111,73392,77223,101

5984,717

17.78688,632

5,7376,184

20,0606,675

| 31.01518.961

Over-the-month change

255243-36

036

-72291

-47

4411

22112

238219

262

60-36212

-11554

3122

19

4339

-65- 6-3

-56108

- 8-15

492

764

237219

7-119

-11230

- 2163914

14518

-33-19-45

- 30

-4212

-19-19

5- 261

-14

197102-17

4-1

-20214

21041145295

162181

480

3711

11415

1016

101-19

216215

60-13526

156777

19115

1

230180

1410

13

216- 3

496

96050

-31- 616- 3

-1231

-471123

-26-4

-26-25

198200

-6-1

-105

2048

1863

8109-2

45642283-37412

37321107411

22334

Hours of work1

34.441.5

4.2

34.741.4

4.1

34.441.2

4.0

34.541.4

4.0

34.741.4

4.1

34.341.5

4.1

34.541.6

4.3

34.541.7

4.3

34.541.7

4.4

34.841.8

4.4

34.341.2

4.6

34.742.2

4.8

Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (1982= 100)1

123.1

101.8

124.6

101.4123.6

100.8

124.1

101.0

124.8

100.9

123.7

100.9

124.9

101.5

125.1

102.0

125.4

102.1

126.3

102.6

124.7

101.5

126.9

104.0

Earnings1

$10.77

7.38

370.49

$10.82

7.39

375.45

$10.81

7.38

371.86

$10.81

7.37

372.95

I

$10.86

7.39

376.84

$10.86

7.38

372.50

$10.92

7.39376.74

$10.93

7.39

377.09

$10.95

7.39

377.78

$11.02

7.43

383.50

$11.03

7.42

378.33

$11.04

N.A.

$383.09

1 Data relate to private production or nonsupervisory workers. N.A. = not available.2 The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) " = preliminary,

is used to deflate this series.


Chart 1. Nonfarm payroll employment, seasonally adjusted,1990-94

Thousands112,000

1990 1991 1992

NOTE: Shaded area represents recession.

1993

Thousands112,000

1994

Chart 2. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, 1990-94

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994

NOTE: Shaded < epresents recession. Household data beginning in January 1994 reflect: 1) Theintroduction of the results of a major redesign of the Current Population Survey questionnaire and collectionmethodology, and 2) the introduction of population cxxitrds based on the 1990 census, adjusted for theestimated population under count, and are not directly comparable with data for prior years.


HOUSEHOLD DATAHISTORICAL

A-1. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over, 1961 to date


Yearand

month

196119621

1963196419651966196719681969

1970197119721

19731

197419751976197719781

1979

198019811982198319841985 . . .19861 .198719881989

1990199119921993

1993:MarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember

1994:January3

FebruaryMarch

Civiliannoninsti-tutional

population

Civilian labor force

NumberPercent

ofpopulation

Employed

NumberPercent

ofpopulation

Agriculture Nonagriculturalindustries

Unemployed

Number

Percentof

laborforce

Not inlaborforce

Annual averages

118,771120,153122,416124,485126,513128,058129,874132,028134,335

137,085140,216144,126147,096150,120153,153156,150159,033161,910164,863

167,745170,130172,271174,215176,383178,206180,587182,753184,613186,393

188,049189,765191,576193,550

70,45970,61471,83373,09174,45575,77077,34778,73780,734

82,77184,38287,03489,42991,94993,77596,15899,009

102,251104,962

106,940108,670110,204111,550113,544115,461117,834119,865121,669123,869

124,787125,303126,982128,040

59.358.858.758.758.959.259.659.660.1

60.460.260.460.861.361.261.662.363.263.7

63.863.964.064.064.464.865.365.665.966.5

66.466.066.366.2

65,74666,70267,76269,30571,08872,89574,37275,92077,902

78,67879,36782,15385,06486,79485,84688,75292,01796,04898,824

99,303100,39799,526

100,834105,005107,150109,597112,440114,968117,342

117,914116,877117,598119,306

55.455.555.455.756.256.957.357.558.0

57.456.657.057.857.856.156.857.959.359.9

59.259.057.857.959.560.160.761.562.363.0

62.761.661.461.6

5,2004,9444,6874,5234,3613,9793,8443,8173,606

3,4633,3943,4843,4703,5153,4083,3313,2833,3873,347

3,3643,3683,4013,3833,3213,1793,1633,2083,1693,199

3,1863,2333,2073,074

60,54661,75963,07664,78266,72668,91570,52772,10374,296

75,21575,97278,66981,59483,27982,43885,42188,73492,66195,477

95,93897,03096,12597,450

101,685103,971106,434109,232111,800114,142

114,728113,644114,391116,232

4,7143,9114,0703,7863,3662,8752,9752,8172,832

4,0935,0164,8824,3655,1567,9297,4066,9916,2026,137

7,6378,273

10,67810,7178,5398,3128,2377,4256,7016,528

6,8748,4269,3848,734

6.75.55.75.24.53.83.83.63.5

4.95.95.64.95.68.57.77.16.15.8

7.17.69.79.67.57.27.06.25.55.3

5.56.77.46.8

48,31249,53950,58351,39452,05852,28852,52753,29153,602

54,31555,83457,09157,66758,17159,37759,99160,02559,65959,900

60,80661,46062,06762,66562,83962,74462,75262,88862,94462,523

63,26264,46264,59365,509

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted2

192,959193,126193,283193,456193,633193,793193,971194,151194,321194,472

195,953196,090196,213

127,440127,539128,075128,056128,102128,334128,108128,580128,662128,898

130,667130,776130,580

66.066.066.366.266.266.266.066.266.266.3

66.766.766.6

118,562118,585119,180119,187119,370119,692119,568119,941120,332120,661

121,971122,258122,037

61.461.461.761.661.661.861.661.861.962.0

62.262.362.2

3,0993,0713,0743,0313,0433,0053,0933,0213,1143,096

3,3313,3913,426

115,463115,514116,106116,156116,327116,687116,475116,920117,218117,565

118,639118,867118,611

8,8788,9548,8958,8698,7328,6428,5408,6398,3308,237

8,6968,5188,543

7.07.06.96.96.86.76.76.76.56.4

6.76.56.5

65,51965,58765,20865,40065,53165,45965,86365,57165,65965,574

65,28665,31465,633

1 Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see"Historical Comparability" under the Household Data section of theExplanatory Notes and Estimates of Error.

2 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.3 Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and

earlier years because of the introduction of a major redesign of the Current

Population Survey (household survey) questionnaire and collectionmethodology and the introduction of 1990 census-based populationcontrols, adjusted for the estimated undercount. For additional information,see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" inthe February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.

10


HOUSEHOLD DATAHISTORICAL

A-2. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1983 to date


Sex, year,and month

MEN19831984198519861

198719881989

1990199119921993


1994:January3

FebruaryMarch

WOMEN19831984198519861

198719881989

1990 . .199119921993


1994:January3

FebruaryMarch


population


NumberPercent

ofpopulation

Employed

NumberPercent

ofpopulation

AgricultureNonagricultural

industries

Unemployed

Number

Percentof

laborforce

Not inlaborforce

Annual averages

82,53183,60584,46985,79886,89987,85788,762

89,65090,55291,54192,620

63,04763,83564,41165,42266,20766,92767,840

68,23468,41169,18469,633

76.476.476.376.376.276.276.4

76.175.575.675.2

56,78759,09159,89160,89262,10763,27364,315

64,43563,59363,80564,700

68.870.770.971.071.572.072.5

71.970.269.769.9

2,7042,6682,5352,5112,5432,4932,513

2,5072,5522,5342,438

54,08356,42357,35658,38159,56460,78061,802

61,92861,04161,27062,263

6,2604,7444,5214,5304,1013,6553,525

3,7994,8175,3804,932

9.97.47.06.96.25.55.2

5.67.07.87.1

19,48419,77120,05820,37620,69220,93020,923

21,41722,14122,35622,987


92,30492,39392,47992,57392,66992,74992,84392,94193,03393,116

93,90993,98294,042

69,50269,51469,70369,68369,73069,84769,58069,82069,73069,813

70,74470,64470,529

75.375.275.475.375.275.374.975.175.075.0

75.375.275.0

64,35564,41664,68764,64264,72864,90464,75664,97165,14465,259

65,96365,92165,940

69.769.769.969.869.870.069.769.970.070.1

70.270.170.1

2,4512,4612,4472,3982,3912,3522,4552,3762,4812,461

2,5452,5662,601

61,90461,95562,24062,24462,33762,55262,30162,59562,66362,798

63,41963,35663,339

5,1475,0985,0165,0415,0024,9434,8244,8494,5864,554

4,7814,7234,589

7.47.37.27.27.27.16.96.96.66.5

6.86.76.5

22,80222,87922,77622,89022,93922,90223,26323,12123,30323,303

23,16523,33823,513

Annual averages

91,68492,77893,73694,78995,85396,75697,630

98,39999,214

100,035100,930

48,50349,70951,05052,41353,65854,74256,030

56,55456,89357,79858,407

52.953.654.555.356.056.657.4

57.557.357.857.9

44,04745,91547,25948,70650,33451,69653,027

53,47953,28453,79354,606

48.049.550.451.452.553.454.3

54.353.753.854.1

680653644652666676687

679682673636

43,36745,26246,61548,05449,66851,02052,341

52,80052,60253,12153,970

4,4573,7943,7913,7073,3243,0463,003

3,0753,6094,0053,801

9.27.67.47.16.25.65.4

5.46.36.96.5

43,18143,06842,68642,37642,19542,01441,601

41,84542,32142,23742,522


100,654100,733100,805100,883100,965101,044101,128101,210101,288101,356

102,044102,107102,171

57,93858,02558,37258,37358,37258,48758,52858,76058,93259,085

59,92360,13260,051

57.657.657.957.957.857.957.958.158.258.3

58.758.958.8

54,20754,16954,49354,54554,64254,78854,81254,97055,18855,402

56,00756,33656,097

53.953.854.154.154.154.254.254.354.554.7

54.955.254.9

648610627633652653638645633635

787825825

53,55953,55953,86653,91253,99054,13554,17454,32554,55554,767

55,22155,51155,272

3,7313,8563,8793,8283,7303,6993,7163,7903,7443,683

3,9163,7953,954

6.46.66.66.66.46.36.36.46.46.2

6.56.36.6

42,71642,70842,43342,51042,59342,55742,60042,45042,35642,271

42,12141,97642,119

1 Not strictly comparable with prior years. For an explanation, see "HistoricalComparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes andEstimates of Error.

2 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.3 Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier years

because of the introduction of a major redesign of the Current Population Survey(household survey) questionnaire and collection methodology and the introduction of1990 census-based population controls, adjusted for the estimated undercount. Foradditional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey EffectiveJanuary 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.

11



A-3. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted


Employment status,sex, and age

1993

Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1994

Jan. Feb. Mar.

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population1

Civilian labor forcePercent of population

EmployedEmployment-population ratio2

UnemployedUnemployment rate

Men, 16 years and overCivilian noninstitutional population1



AgricultureNonagricultural industries


Not in labor force

Men, 20 years and overCivilian noninstitutional population1





Not in labor force

Women, 16 years and overCivilian noninstitutional population1





Not in labor force

Women, 20 years and overCivilian noninstitutional population1





Not in labor force

Both sexes, 16 to 19 yearsCivilian noninstitutional population1





Not in labor force

192,959127,440

66.0118,562

61.48,878

7.0

92,30469,502

75.364,355

69.72,451

61,9045,147

7.422,802

85,66465,916

76.961,498

71.82,261

59,2374,418

6.719,748

100,65457,938

57.654,207

53.9648

53,5593,731

6.442,716

94,14854,759

58.251,616

54.8615

51,0013,143

5.739,389

13,1476,765

51.55,44841.4223

5,2251,317

19.56,382

193,126127,539

66.0118,585

61.48,954

7.0

92,39369,514

75.264,416

69.72,461

61,9555,098

7.322,879

85,73165,902

76.961,614

71.92,273

59,3414,288

6.519,829

100,73358,025

57.654,169

53.8610

53,5593,856

6.642,708

94,21454,814

58.251,533

54.7584

50,9493,281

6.039,400

13,1816,823

51.85,43841.3214

5,2241,38520.3

6,358

193,283128,075

66.3119,180

61.78,895

6.9

92,47969,703

75.464,687

69.92,447

62,2405,016

7.222,776

85,81666,134

77.161,849

72.12,246

59,6034,285

6.519,682

100,80558,372

57.954,493

54.1627

53,8663,879

6.642,433

94,26455,016

58.451,777

54.9597

51,1803,239

5.939,248

13,2036,925

52.55,55442.1231

5,3231,371

19.86,278

193,456128,056

66.2119,187

61.68,869

6.9

92,57369,683

75.364,642

69.82,398

62,2445,041

7.222,890

85,87266,087

77.061,805

72.02,220

59,5854,282

6.519,785

100,88358,373

57.954,545

54.1633

53,9123,828

6.642,510

94,31555,132

58.551,875

55.0596

51,2793,257

5.939,183

13,2706,837

51.55,50741.5215

5,2921,33019.5

6,433

193,633128,102

66.2119,370

61.68,732

6.8

92,66969,730

75.264,728

69.82,391

62,3375,002

7.222,939

85,95066,140

77.061,869

72.02,235

59,6344,271

6.519,810

100,96558,372

57.854,642

54.1652

53,9903,730

6.442,593

94,42555,100

58.451,901

55.0616

51,2853,199

5.839,325

13,2586,862

51.85,60042.2192

5,4081,262

18.46,396

193,793128,334

66.2119,692

61.88,642

6.7

92,74969,847

75.364,904

70.02,352

62,5524,943

7.122,902

86,00266,221

77.062,006

72.12,193

59,8134,215

6.419,781

101,04458,487

57.954,788

54.2653

54,1353,699

6.342,557

94,49055,249

58.552,084

55.1614

51,4703,165

5.739,241

13,3016,864

51.65,60242.1198

5,4041,262

18.46,437

193,971128,108

66.0119,568

61.68,540

6.7

92,84369,580

74.964,756

69.72,455

62,3014,824

6.923,263

86,07566,038

76.761,901

71.92,264

59,6374,137

6.320,037

101,12858,528

57.954,812

54.2638

54,1743,716

6.342,600

94,57555,251

58.452,072

55.1596

51,4763,179

5.839,324

13,3216,819

51.25,59542.0233

5,3621,224

17.96,502

194,151128,580

66.2119,941

61.88,639

6.7

92,94169,820

75.164,971

69.92,376

62,5954,849

6.923,121

86,15666,306

77.062,172

72.22,223

59,9494,134

6.219,850

101,21058,760

58.154,970

54.3645

54,3253,790

6.442,450

94,65655,462

58.652,243

55.2601

51,6423,219

5.839,194

13,3396,812

51.15,52641.4197

5,3291,286

18.96,527

194,321128,662

66.2120,332

61.98,330

6.5

93,03369,730

75.065,144

70.02,481

62,6634,586

6.623,303

86,24566,198

76.862,315

72.32,334

59,9813,883

5.920,047

101,28858,932

58.255,188

54.5633

54,5553,744

6.442,356

94,70955,621

58.752,423

55.4597

51,8263,198

5.739,088

13,3676,843

51.25,59441.8183

5,4111,249

18.36,524

194,472128,898

66.3120,661

62.08,237

6.4

93,11669,813

75.065,259

70.12,461

62,7984,554

6.523,303

86,37366,321

76.862,444

72.32,300

60,1443,877

5.820,052

101,35659,085

58.355,402

54.7635

54,7673,683

6.242,271

94,76455,783

58.952,631

55.5599

52,0323,152

5.738,981

13,3356,794

50.95,58641.9197

5,3891,208

17.86,541

195,953130,667

66.7121,971

62.28,696

6.7

93,90970,744

75.365,963

70.22,545

63,4194,781

6.823,165

86,77866,806

77.062,842

72.42,352

60,4903,964

5.919,972

102,04459,923

58.756,007

54.9787

55,2213,916

6.542,121

95,10956,368

59.353,014

55.7744

52,2703,354

6.038,742

14,0667,49353.3

6,11543.5236

5,8791,378

18.46,573

196,090130,776

66.7122,258

62.38,518

6.5

93,98270,644

75.265,921

70.12,566

63,3564,723

6.723,338

86,82066,764

76.962,778

72.32,339

60,4393,986

6.020,056

102,10760,132

58.956,336

55.2825

55,5113,795

6.341,976

95,15956,611

59.553,403

56.1766

52,6383,208

5.738,548

14,1117,401

52.46,07643.1287

5,7901,325

17.96,710

196,213130,580

66.6122,037

62.28,543

6.5

94,04270,529

75.065,940

70.12,601

63,3394,589

6.523,513

86,90166,723

76.862,857

72.32,358

60,4993,866

5.820,178

102,17160,051

58.856,097

54.9825

55,2723,954

6.642,119

95,22556,487

59.353,121

55.8773

52,3483,366

6.038,738

14,0877,370

52.36,05943.0295

5,7641,311

17.86,717

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.2 Employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population.NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in tables A-3

through A-12 will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent

seasonal adjustment of the various series. Data for 1994 are not directlycomparable with data for 1993 and earlier years. For additional information,see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" inthe February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.

12Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis


A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonallyadjusted


Employment status,race, sex, age, and

Hispanic origin

1993


1994

Jan. Feb. Mar.

WHITE





Men, 20 years and over




Women, 20 years and over




Both sexes, 16 to 19 years




MenWomen

BLACK











EmployedEmployment-population ratio2.......


See footnotes at end of table.

163,543108,922

66.6102,251

62.56,671

6.1

57,03677.6

53,64973.0

3,3875.9

46,11258.0

43,77355.1

2,3395.1

5,77454.8

4,82945.894516.417.115.5

22,21713,862

62.411,991

54.01,871

13.5

6,48972.2

5,64462.884513.0

6,60559.2

5,90453.070110.6

163,649108,791

66.5102,190

62.46,601

6.1

56,96177.4

53,69873.0

3,2635.7

46,04257.9

43,66654.9

2,3765.2

5,78854.9

4,82645.896216.618.514.5

22,24913,868

62.311,965

53.81,90313.7

6,41671.3

5,59962.281712.7

6,65559.6

5,93053.172510.9

163,748109,234

66.7102,612

62.76,622

6.1

57,08277.5

53,81873.1

3,2645.7

46,29158.2

43,91655.2

2,3755.1

5,86155.5

4,87846.298316.817.216.3

22,28013,944

62.612,140

54.51,80412.9

6,48672.0

5,69563.279112.2

6,64159.4

5,95153.269010.4

163,857109,373

66.7102,721

62.76,652

6.1

57,13577.5

53,87873.1

3,2575.7

46,45858.4

44,00855.3

2,4505.3

5,78054.7

4,83545.894516.318.414.0

22,31313,922

62.412,076

54.11,84613.3

6,49271.9

5,67762.981512.6

6,65859.5

5,94853.171010.7

163,971109,393

66.7102,835

62.76,558

6.0

57,13677.5

53,84073.0

3,2965.8

46,44658.3

44,09355.4

2,3535.1

5,81154.9

4,90246.390915.617.713.4

22,34613,920

62.312,134

54.31,786

12.8

6,50972.0

5,74263.576711.8

6,60558.9

5,87952.572611.0

164,074109,646

66.8103,179

62.96,467

5.9

57,19677.5

53,98673.2

3,2105.6

46,58658.5

44,26355.5

2,3235.0

5,86455.3

4,93046.593415.917.714.0

22,37513,969

62.412,225

54.61,744

12.5

6,55272.4

5,76463.778812.0

6,64459.2

5,94753.069710.5

164,190109,492

66.7103,094

62.86,398

5.8

57,09777.3

53,94873.1

3,1495.5

46,54458.4

44,20755.4

2,3375.0

5,85155.1

4,93946.591215.616.814.3

22,40813,952

62.312,202

54.51,750

12.5

6,50771.8

5,71763.179012.1

6,68659.5

6,00153.468510.2

164,309110,009

67.0103,273

62.96,736

6.1

57,39077.7

54,14473.3

3,2465.7

46,71058.5

44,22355.4

2,4875.3

5,90955.6

4,90646.2

1,00317.017.916.0

22,44213,945

62.112,292

54.81,653

11.9

6,48271.5

5,77063.671211.0

6,73159.8

6,05953.967210.0

164,421109,804

66.8103,662

63.06,142

5.6

57,12377.2

54,27973.4

2,8445.0

46,76858.6

44,39255.6

2,3765.1

5,91355.6

4,99146.992215.617.713.3

22,47514,057

62.512,297

54.71,76012.5

6,52971.8

5,72563.080412.3

6,76660.1

6,11154.26559.7

164,516110,016

66.9103,807

63.16,209

5.6

57,28077.4

54,28373.3

2,9975.2

46,87258.7

44,55455.8

2,3184.9

5,86455.1

4,97046.789415.216.913.4

22,50414,011

62.312,397

55.11,61411.5

6,46970.9

5,78763.568210.5

6,80160.3

6,14354.56589.7

165,014110,802

67.1104,355

63.26,447

5.8

57,45777.6

54,43873.5

3,0195.3

47,02559.0

44,63156.0

2,3935.1

6,32156.5

5,28647.3

1,03416.418.514.0

22,72314,368

63.212,482

54.91,887

13.1

6,56372.1

5,75363.281012.3

6,91760.5

6,12153.679611.5

165,096110,934

67.2104,669

63.46,264

5.6

57,33377.4

54,34473.3

2,9895.2

47,28159.3

45,00256.4

2,2794.8

6,31956.4

5,32347.599615.816.714.7

22,75114,487

63.712,624

55.51,863

12.9

6,69773.4

5,88464.581312.1

6,99361.1

6,22454.476911.0

165,168110,633

67.0104,314

63.26,319

5.7

57,25877.2

54,28373.2

2,9755.2

47,08559.0

44,72456.0

2,3605.0

6,29056.1

5,30647.398415.616.714.6

22,77414,573

64.012,749

56.01,824

12.5

6,63372.7

5,95365.267910.2

7,11762.2

6,25354.686512.1

13



A-4. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonallyadjusted—Continued



Hispanic origin

BLACK—ContinuedBoth sexes, 16 to 19 years




MenWomen

HISPANIC ORIGIN





1993


1994

Jan. Feb. Mar.

76836.844321.232542.344.140.1

15,58510,311

66.29,152

58.71,15911.2

79738.243620.936145.346.843.2

15,63510,232

65.49,154

58.51,07810.5

81739.149423.632339.540.238.7

15,68110,247

65.39,226

58.81,021

10.0

77236.945121.632141.638.844.8

15,72910,285

65.49,221

58.61,064

10.3

80638.5513

24.529336.437.934.7

15,77710,375

65.89,250

58.61,125

10.8

77336.851424.525933.534.932.0

15,82410,331

65.39,311

58.81,020

9.9

75935.948422.927536.239.732.3

15,87110,433

65.79,394

59.21,03910.0

73234.546321.826936.740.632.8

15,91710,586

66.59,384

59.01,20211.4

76235.946121.730139.539.239.7

15,96710,575

66.29,476

59.31,099

10.4

74135.246722.227437.038.835.2

16,01410,625

66.39,513

59.41,11210.5

88940.560727.728131.738.125.5

17,84911,746

65.810,495

58.81,251

10.6

79636.351523.528135.340.130.5

17,89611,835

66.110,650

59.51,185

10.0

82337.5543

24.728034.037.530.2

17,94211,871

66.210,680

59.51,190

10.0

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.2 Employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population.NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum

to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented andHispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. Data

for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier years.For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population SurveyEffective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment andEarnings.

14



A-5. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex and age, seasonally adjusted


Full- and part-time status, sex,and age

1993


1994

Jan. Feb. Mar.

EMPLOYED

Full-time workersMen, 16 years and overMen, 20 years and overWomen, 16 years and overWomen, 20 years and overBoth sexes, 16 to 19 years

Part-time workersMen, 16 years and overMen, 20 years and overWomen, 16 years and overWomen, 20 years and overBoth sexes, 16 to 19 years

UNEMPLOYED

Looking for full-time workMen, 16 years and overMen, 20 years and overWomen, 16 years and overWomen, 20 years and overBoth sexes, 16 to 19 years

Looking for part-time workMen, 16 years and overMen, 20 years and overWomen, 16 years and overWomen, 20 years and overBoth sexes, 16 to 19 years

UNEMPLOYMENT RATES1



97,94557,38456,35140,57039,832

1,762

20,6296,9715,152

13,64511,8133,664

7,2664,4724,0912,8292,552

623

1,600668286927609705

6.97.26.86.56.0

26.1

7.28.75.36.44.916.1

97,94057,35856,37140,54939,7881,781

20,5336,9725,20813,56311,7483,577

7,2794,3804,0082,8812,636635

1,699685269995671759

6.97.16.66.66.2

26.3

7.68.94.96.85.4

17.5

98,25457,52356,50140,73039,975

1,778

20,8847,1005,328

13,75711,8043,752

7,2754,3474,0122,8992,624

639

1,544621252912565727

6.97.06.66.66.2

26.4

6.98.04.56.24.6

16.2

98,19857,45256,46740,69139,959

1,772

21,0517,1695,349

13,84911,9143,788

7,2604,2993,9852,9392,688

587

1,621753300871568753

6.97.06.66.76.3

24.9

7.19.55.35.94.616.6

98,35957,59956,62440,63239,9541,781

21,0927,0915,25113,95411,9123,929

7,2314,3524,0132,8922,595623

1,522614253908621648

6.87.06.66.66.1

25.9

6.78.04.66.15.0

14.2

98,71657,74256,71140,92040,204

1,801

21,0737,1395,315

13,89811,8753,883

7,1094,2753,9492,8042,561

599

1,547648274900608665

6.76.96.56.46.0

25.0

6.88.34.96.14.9

14.6

98,69057,83356,71840,95340,066

1,906

20,8677,0095,236

13,89711,9213,710

6,9644,1383,8512,8412,613

500

1,557671292881567698

6.66.76.46.56.1

20.8

6.98.75.36.04.5

15.8

98,94557,87656,77041,08540,334

1,841

20,9977,1565,392

13,88611,9093,696

7,0444,1933,8682,8092,590

586

1,623652270

1,016651702

6.66.86.46.46.0

24.1

7.28.44.86.85.2

16.0

99,37358,11557,03241,28440,511

1,830

20,9617,0695,283

13,90011,9163,762

6,7073,9783,5812,7862,542

584

1,565616259957643663

6.36.45.96.35.9

24.2

6.98.04.76.45.115.0

99,59558,26557,15641,38640,6321,807

21,0607,0355,26814,05612,0393,753

6,7603,9633,6512,7872,568541

1,489606254868575660

6.46.46.06.35.9

23.0

6.67.94.65.84.6

15.0

97,94057,71456,65740,29139,496

1,787

23,9328,2146,148

15,72013,52314,260

7,1604,2053,7672,9662,749

644

1,581681276890580726

6.86.86.26.96.5

26.5

6.27.74.35.44.114.6

98,57457,97156,94240,60139,8161,817

23,6417,9285,83915,72413,5744,228

7,0084,0703,6772,9502,710621

1,488645280855502706

6.66.66.16.86.4

25.5

5.97.54.65.23.614.3

98,48858,39557,38040,08339,3121,795

23,5397,5365,50016,00413,8024,237

6,9563,8033,5263,0912,835595

1,595701314891552728

6.66.15.87.26.7

24.9

6.38.55.45.33.814.7

1 These rates reflect a refined definition of the full- and part-time laborforce and differ from the rates published elsewhere in this publicationprior to 1994.

NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993

and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in theCurrent Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994issue of Employment and Earnings.

15



A-6. Employed persons by marital status, occupation, class of worker, and part-time status, seasonally adjusted

(In thousands)

Category1993

Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec,

1994

Jan. Feb. Mar.

MARITAL STATUS

TotalMarried men, spouse presentMarried women, spouse presentWomen who maintain families

OCCUPATION

Managerial and professional specialtyTechnical, sales, and administrativesupport

Service occupationsPrecision production, craft, and repairOperators, fabricators, and laborersFarming, forestry, and fishing

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture:Wage and salary workersSelf-employed workersUnpaid family workers

Nonagricultural industries:Wage and salary workersPrivate industries

Private householdsOther industries

GovernmentSelf-employed workersUnpaid family workers

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1

All industries:Part time for economic reasonsSlack work or business conditionsCould only find part-time work

Part time for noneconomic reasons

Nonagricultural industries:Part time for economic reasonsSlack work or business conditionsCould only find part-time work


118,56240,86230,5836,760

32,204

36,43816,43212,99917,1363,385

1,5921,384

126

106,41587,898

1,12786,77118,5178,842

208

6,2483,0832,863

14,908

6,0292,9262,789

14,446

118,58540,93530,1946,923

31,701

36,52616,48313,14117,1733,310

1,6301,333

107

106,23587,711

1,10886,60318,5248,971

233

6,4053,1442,966

14,663

6,1892,9662,879

14,293

119,18041,05730,393

6,804

32,056

36,76416,57113,30117,0763,348

1,6041,365

111

106,75188,174

1,09587,07918,5779,180

197

6,4903,1852,986

15,083

6,2193,0122,888

14,657

119,18740,95830,3406,772

32,180

36,84416,51513,40116,8963,299

1,6021,336

103

106,88788,334

1,05987,27518,5539,102

150

6,4353,3782,842

15,272

6,1923,2202,770

14,847

119,37040,87730,3226,806

32,370

37,17116,46613,28016,8593,286

1,6261,323

93

107,05788,622

1,08187,54118,4359,093

203

6,4513,0992,986

15,121

6,2132,9202,931

14,707

119,69240,79230,5366,840

32,476

36,90216,47013,72616,8923,262

1,5661,312

110

107,37088,843

1,12887,71518,5279,026

245

6,4693,2022,935

15,216

6,2163,0492,856

14,814

119,56840,82630,5096,833

32,538

36,83216,54713,48716,9683,319

1,6671,319

90

107,33188,824

1,12387,70118,5078,949

250

6,3943,1672,937

15,182

6,1733,0062,879

14,757

119,94140,81630,6416,784

32,635

36,96516,59913,43016,9963,287

1,6571,274

97

107,72789,251

1,17988,07218,4768,961

229

6,2023,0722,872

15,201

5,9572,9272,773

14,788

120,33240,84230,872

6,704

32,739

36,97416,68813,59716,9583,389

1,7191,311

89

107,97589,482

1,10388,37918,4939,011

223

6,1263,0372,810

15,290

5,9042,9052,719

14,858

120,66140,95131,0516,693

32,764

37,24316,73413,44517,2093,325

1,7241,269

92

108,24789,744

1,10488,64018,5039,053

217

6,2173,0992,828

15,373

5,9342,9222,739

14,909

121,97141,48331,5796,796

33,008

37,41116,79613,49417,6853,598

1,6411,590

78

109,52691,364

92890,43618,1638,990

142

5,1672,5612,171

17,744

4,8422,4392,075

17,056

122,25841,32831,709

7,133

33,122

37,19117,08713,64417,6453,693

1,6771,633

55

109,54791,395

1,07490,32118,1529,312

143

4,6432,3012,028

17,674

4,3842,1691,944

17,081

122,03741,33131,310

7,369

33,152

37,06017,11113,55117,5813,651

1,7191,661

41

109,36590,883

1,03589,84918,4819,146

117

4,9922,5382,138

17,519

4,7622,4112,089

16,893

1 Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from theirjobs during the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation, illness, orindustrial dispute. Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons whousually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference weekfor reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad weather.

NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 andearlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the CurrentPopulation Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue ofEmployment and Earnings.

16



A-7. Employed persons by age and sex, seasonally adjusted

(In thousands)

1993Age and sex

Mar. Apr. May i June July Aug. Sept. j Oct. i Nov. i Dec.

1994

Jan. | Feb. Mar.

Total, 16 years and over ....

16 to 24 years16 to 19 years


20 to 24 years25 years and over












1118,562 j 118.5851119,180 119,187

17,6295,4482,0693,379

12,181100,93986,31114,649

64,355

9,2442,8571,1091,7536,387

55,10046,813

8,276

54,207

8,3852,591

9601,6265,794

45,83939,4986,373

17,5455,4382,0563,386

12,107100,94586,30714,6001

17,7505,5542,1963,372

12,196101,44386,63014,733

64,416 64,687

9,1012,8021,0631,7456,299

55,24247,0038,226

54,169

8,4442,636

9931,6415,808

45,70339,304

6,374

9,1852,8381,1171,7206,347

55,50347,158

8,293

54,493

8,5652,7161,0791,6525,849

45,94039,472

6,440

17,7125,5072,0823,394

12,205|101,51686,73114,760

64,642

9,1842,8371,0801,7426,347

55,48447,178

8,284

54,545

8,5282,6701,0021,6525,858

46,03239,553

6,476

119,370

17,7525,6002,1533,425

12,152101,60886,94714,587

64,728

9,1992,8591,1121,7296,340

55,53847,321

8,187

54,642

8,5532,7411,0411,6965,812

46,07039,626

6,400

119,692

17,6885,6022,1853,410

12,086102,00687,204114,8301

119,5681119,941 j 120,332! 120,661

17,6795,5952,1933,412

12,084

17,6485,5262,1623,375

12,122

64,904 64,756 64,971! 65,144

9,2452,8981,1301,7436,347

55,66747,366

8,288

54,788

8,4432,7041,0551,6675,739

46,33939,838

6,542

101,899 j 102,31087,275| 87,47914,612| 14,787

9,1822,8551,1201,7456,327

55,58147,386

8,199

54,812

8,4972,7401,0731,6675,757

46,31839,889

6,413

17,6635,5942,194!3,406

12,069102,66587,96814,806

9,1792,7991,1061,7016,380

55,82347,496

8,318

54,970

8,4692,7271,0561,6745,742

46,48739,9836,469

9,1712,8291,1331,7056,342

55,97047,791

8,241

17,7095,5862,2403,350

12,123102,97688,19714,831

65,259

9,1652,8151,1521,6706,350

56,08947,860

8,253

55,188J 55,402

8,4922,7651,0611,7015,727

46,69540.177

6,565

8,5442,7711,0881,6805,773

46,88740,337

6,578

121,971

18,6376,1152,4353,657

12,522103,312 103,40288,30815,036

65,963

9,7113,1211,2201,8866,590

56,24447,944

8,333

6,07612,351 j3,7061

12,822

8,9262,994

|1,771 i5,932

47,06940,3641

6,703 j

122,2581122,037

18,7236,0592,3633,674

12,664103,35288,75014,614

65,940

9,7543,0831,1971,8766,671

56,20348,1738.036

56.097

8,9702,9761,1671,7995,993

47,14940,578

6,578

88,58214,862

65,921

9,9393,1431,2051,9256,795

56,03547,943

8,115

56,0071 56,336

8,9592,933!1.147J1,78116,026 j

47,367140,640

6,747

NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 andearlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current

Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue ofEmployment and Earnings.

A-8. Unemployed persons by age and sex, seasonally adjusted

(In thousands)

Age and sex1993

Mar. Apr. May I June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1994

Jan. Feb. Mar.

Total, 16 years and over ...















8,878

2,7781,317

641677

1,4616,0705,428

653

5,147

1,562729347387833

3,5523,127

420

3,731

1,216588294290628

2,5182,301

233

8,954

2,8341,385

597793

1,4496,1015,424

640

5,098

1,634810336478824

3,4613,042

393

3,856

1,200575261315625

2,6402,382

247

8,895

2,8991,371

591791

1,5285,9775,311

652

5,016

1,608731331411877

3,3902,972

410

3,879

1,291640260380651

2,5872,339

242

8,869

2,7471,330

628717

1,4176,1405,457

651

5,041

1,572759384392813

3,4613,070

379

3,828

1,175571244325604

2,6792,387

272

8,732

2,6831,262

551707

1,4216,0405,395

651

5,002

1,535731321409804

3,4583,039

410

3,730

1,148531230298617

2,5822,356

241

8,642)

2,6951,262

547706

1,4335,9425.270J

662

4,943

1,567728314409839

3,3742,948

425

3,699

1,128534233297594

2,5682,322

237

8,540!

2,5741,224

519694

1,3505,9785,273

721

4,824

1,463687286389776

3,3602,911

462

3,716

1,111537233305574

2,6182,362

259

8,639

2,6161,286

566724

1,3306,0165,369

699

4,849

1,475715312404760

3,3652,961

417

3,790

1,141571254320570

2,6512,408

282

8,330

2,5681,249

566687

1,3195,74715,124

649

4,586

1,438703314388735

3,1412,755

391

3,744

1,130546252299584

2,6062,369

258

8,237

2,4801,208

527689

1,2725,7505,106

657

4,554

1,389677286390712

3,1712,774

411

3,683

1,091531241299560

2,5792,332

246

8,696

2,9221,378

654700

1,5445,8575,107

723

4,781

1,670816384418854

3,1942,787

408

3,916

1,252562271283690

2,6642,320

315

8,518

2,7531,325

656668

1.4285,7385,075

670

4,723

1,530737338397793

3,1692,782

401

3,795

1,223588318272635

2,5682,293

269

8,543

2,8551,311

586725

1,5435,6804,993

700

4,589

1,559723341386835

3,0102,625

385

3,954

1,296588245339708

2,6702,369

316



17



A-9. Unemployment rates by age and sex, seasonally adjusted

Age and sex1993


1994

Jan. Feb. Mar.
















7.0

13.619.523.716.710.75.75.94.3

7.4

14.520.323.818.111.56.16.34.8

6.4

12.718.523.415.19.85.25.53.5

7.0

13.920.322.519.010.75.75.94.2

7.3

15.222.424.021.511.65.96.14.6

6.6

12.417.920.816.19.75.55.73.7

6.9

14.019.821.219.011.15.65.84.2

7.2

14.920.522.919.312.15.85.94.7

6.6

13.119.119.418.710.05.35.63.6

6.9

13.419.523.217.410.45.75.94.2

7.2

14.621.126.218.411.45.96.14.4

6.6

12.117.619.616.49.35.55.74.0

6.8

13.118.420.417.110.55.65.84.3

7.2

14.320.422.419.111.35.96.04.8

6.4

11.816.218.114.99.65.35.63.6

6.7

13.218.420.017.210.65.55.74.3

7.1

14.520.121.719.011.75.75.94.9

6.3

11.816.518.115.19.45.35.53.5

6.7

12.717.919.116.910.05.55.74.7

6.9

13.719.420.318.210.95.75.85.3

6.3

11.616.417.815.59.15.35.63.9

6.7

12.918.920.717.79.95.65.84.5

6.9

13.820.322.019.210.65.75.94.8

6.4

11.917.319.416.09.05.45.74.2

6.5

12.718.320.516.89.95.35.54.2

6.6

13.619.921.718.510.45.35.54.5

6.4

11.716.519.214.99.35.35.63.8

6.4

12.317.819.017.19.55.35.54.2

6.5

13.219.419.918.910.15.45.54.7

6.2

11.316.118.115.18.85.25.53.6

6.7

13.618.421.216.111.05.45.54.6

6.8

14.720.723.918.111.55.45.54.7

6.5

12.315.818.213.810.45.45.44.5

6.5

12.717.921.815.310.05.35.44.3

6.7

13.319.021.917.110.55.45.54.7

6.3

12.016.721.713.29.55.15.33.8

6.5

13.217.819.916.510.95.25.34.6

6.5

13.819.022.217.111.15.15.24.6

6.6

12.616.517.415.810.65.45.54.6



18



A-10. Unemployment rates by occupation, industry, and selected demographic characteristics, seasonally adjusted

Category

CHARACTERISTIC

TotalMen, 20 years and overWomen, 20 years and overBoth sexes 16 to 19 years

White . . . .Black and otherBlackHispanic origin

Married men spouse presentMarried women spouse presentWomen who maintain families

OCCUPATION1

Managerial and professional specialtyTechnical sales and administrative supportPrecision production craft and repairOperators fabricators and laborersFarming forestry and fishing

INDUSTRY

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workersGoods-producing industries

MiningConstruction . .Manufacturing . . . .

Durable goodsNondurable goods

Service-producing industriesTransportation and public utilitiesWholesale and retail tradeFinance, insurance, and real estateServices

Government workersAgricultural wage and salary workers

1993

Mar.

7.06.75.7

19.5

6 112.013.511.2

4.74.49.0

3.15.28.3

10.38.4

7.29.06.1

15.37.37.27.66.54.97.94.36.13.5

11.8

Apr.

7.06.56.0

20.3

6112.413.710.5

4.54.89.6

3.05.48.59.88.6

7.28.98.2

14.77.37.37.36.55.18.14.36.13.4

11.8

May

6.96.55.9

19.8

6 111.812.910.0

4.54.59.8

3.05.38.0

10.07.7

7.29.0

10.715.27.27.17.36.55.48.14.05.93.1

10.8

June

6.96.55.9

19.5

6112.013.310.3

4.44.79.7

2.85.78.3

10.07.8

7.19.06.8

15.17.37.47.16.44.57.94.5613.4

11.8

July

6.86.55.8

18.4

6011.612.810.8

4.54.79.6

2.75.38.6

10.28.1

7.09.25.9

15.77.37.0786.24.97.53.9603.4

11.5

Aug.

6.76.45.7

18.4

5.911.512.59.9

4.44.59.0

2.85.37.5

10.47.5

7.08.97.2

14.77.37.2746.25.47.64.2573.3

12.1

Sept.

6.76.35.8

17.9

5.811.412.510.0

4.24.69.0

2.85.37.6

10.17.7

6.98.87.5

14.17.27.37.26.25.37.54.0592.8

10.4

Oct.

6.76.25.8

18.9

6.110.911.911.4

4.44.89.3

2.85.37.99.88.1

6.9846.5

13.76.96.9696.35.57.93.75931

11.8

Nov.

6.55.95.7

18.3

5.611.312.510.4

4.04.49.0

2.95.26.79.27.8

6.78.07.2

12.26.76.57.06.25.27.73.7593.0

10.3

Dec.

6.45.85.7

17.8

5.610.711.510.5

3.94.3

10.2

2.85.17.49.18.7

6.67.96.9

12.76.56.3686.25.17.43.7593.1

11.3

1994

Jan.

6.75.96.0

18.4

5.811.613.110.6

4.14.49.4

2.95.47.0

10.08.4

7.0785.1

13.96.15.3736.75.58.13.76638

13.6

Feb.

6.56.05.7

17.9

5.611.312.910.0

4.3439.7

2.95.46.89.58.8

6.8764.0

13.36.15.57 16.55.28.03.66332

143

Mar.

6.55.86.0

17.8

5.711.312.510.0

4.1449.6

2.75.77.28.8

10.3

6.8775.5

13.56.15.768644.77.92.96539

138

1 Seasonally adjusted data for service occupations are not availablebecause the seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/orirregular components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficientprecision.

NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 andearlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the CurrentPopulation Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue ofEmployment and Earnings.

19



A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted


Reasons for unemployment

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobsOn temporary layoffNot on temporary layoff

Job leaversReentrantsNew entrants . . .

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Total unemployedJob losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

On temporary layoffNot on temporary layoff

Job leaversReentrantsNew entrants

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THECIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobsJob leaversReentrantsNew entrants

1993

Mar.

4,8561,0963,7601,0612,059

922

100.054.612.342.311.923.110.4

3.88

1.6.7

Apr.

4,8621,0683,794

9902,187

920

100.054.311.942.311.124.410.3

3.88

1.7.7

May

4,7521,1443,608

9602,237

890

100.053.812.940.810.925.310.1

3.77

1 7.7

June

4,8451,1313,714

9402,201

894

100.054.612.741.810.624.810.1

3.87

1 7.7

July

4,8721,1833,689

9152,117

870

100.055.513.542.010.424.1

9.9

3.8.7

1.7.7

Aug.

4,8641,1903,674

8822,081

834

100.056.213.742.410.224.0

9.6

3.87

1.6.6

Sept.

4,6991,1123,587

9262,075

843

100.055.013.042.010.824.3

9.9

3.77

1 6.7

Oct.

4,7791,2163,563

9572,084

839

100.055.214.041.111.124.1

9.7

3.77

1 6.7

Nov.

4,444963

3,481960

2,084833

100.053.411.641.811.525.010.0

3.57

1 6.6

Dec.

4,4421,0603,382

9322,018

797

100.054.212.941.311.424 6

9.7

3.47

1 6.6

1994

Jan.

4,4421,1963,246

7622,831

651

100 051.113.837.4

8.832 6

7.5

3.46

2 2.5

Feb.

4,1851,1093,075

8882,898

641

100 048.612.935.710.333 7

7.4

3.27

2 25

Mar.

4,037983

3,054873

3,054643

100 046.911.435.510.135 5

7.5

3.17

235

NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the

Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994issue of Employment and Earnings.

A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted


Duration


Less than 5 weeks5 to 14 weeks15 weeks and over

15 to 26 weeks . . .27 weeks and over

Average (mean) duration in weeksMedian duration in weeks


Total unemDloved . . . .Less than 5 weeks5 to 14 weeks15 weeks and over

15 to 26 weeks27 weeks and over

1993

Mar.

3,1482,5833,1101,2751,835

17.78.4

100.035.629.235.214.420.8

Apr.

3,3092,5372,9861,3111,675

17.78.5

100.037.528.733.814.819.0

May

3,2422,5263,0461,2701,776

17.88.3

100.036.8

-28.734.614.420.1

June

3,2322,7583,0251,2571,768

17.88.3

100.035.930.633.613.919.6

July

3,2232,5433,0071,2581,749

17.98.3

100.036.729.034.314.319.9

Aug.

3,0462,6083,0001,2591,741

18.38.4

100.035.230.134.714.520.1

Sept.

3,0522,4573,0471,2971,750

18.48.9

100.035.728.735.615.220.5

Oct.

3,1562,4913,0301,2841,746

18.48.3

100.036.428.734.914.820.1

Nov.

2,9462,4012,9711,2161,755

18.98.5

100.035.428.935.714.621.1

Dec.

3,0632,2472,8641,1501,714

18.28.2

100.037.527.535.014.121.0

1994

Jan.

3,3492,3363,0271,3141,713

18.38.5

100.038.426.834.715.119.7

Feb.

2,5742,7273,1031,3591,744

18.79.0

100.030.632.536.916.220.8

Mar.

2,7582,5493,1101,2641,847

19.29.1

100.032.830.337.015.021.9



20


HOUSEHOLD DATANOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

A-13. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race


Age, sex, and race

March 1994


population


TotalPercent

ofpopulation

Employed

TotalPercent

ofpopulation

Agri-culture

Nonagri-cultural

industries

Unemployed

Number

Percentof

laborforce

Not

laborforce

TOTAL

16 years and over16 to 19 years



25 to 34 years25 to 29 years30 to 34 years




65 years and over65 to 69 years70 to 74 years75 years and over

Men









Women









196,21314,0877,1816,906

18,367112,26141,57819,36522,21341,23721,78319,45429,44616,50712,94020,61110,7489,863

30,8869,7368,473

12,677

94,0427,1423,6963,4469,061

55,20020,5449,538

11,00620,26410,7079,557

14,3928,0976,2959,7915,1404,651

12,8494,3733,6804,796

102,1716,9463,4853,4619,306

57,06121,0349,827

11,20720,97211,0759,897

15,0548,4106,644

10,8205,6085,212

18,0385,3634,7937,881

129,7186,7652,6114,154

13,86493,68534,56216,10718,45535,03718,31516,72224,08613,88510,20111,6577,2774,3803,7472,044

974729

70,0003,4871,3552,1327,336

50,70619,0178,800

10,21718,8429,9738,869

12,8477,3625,4856,3553,9772,3782,1171,129

548440

59,7183,2781,2562,0226,528

42,97915,5457,3078,238

16,1958,3427,853

11,2406,5244,7165,3023,3002,0021,630

915426289

66.148.036.460.175.583.583.183.283.185.084.186.081.884.178.856.667.744.412.121.011.55.7

74.448.836.761.981.091.992.692.392.893.093.192.889.390.987.164.977.451.116.525.814.99.2

58.447.236.058.470.175.373.974.473.577.275.379.374.777.671.049.058.838.4

9.017.18.93.7

120,8445,4992,0583,440

12,37788,29932,14214,93417,20833,09917,18715,91223,05813,2949,764

11,0646,9464,1183,6041,980

916708

64,9362,7561,0151,7426,452

47,68617,6628,1399,523

17,7369,3568,379

12,2887,0485,2416,0113,7762,2352,0311,090

512429

55,9072,7421,0441,6995,925

40,61314,4806,7957,68515,3647,8317,53310,7706,2464,5245,0533,1701,8831,573891404279

61.639.028.749.867.478.777.377.177.580.378.981.878.380.575.553.764.641.811.720.310.85.6

69.138.627.550.571.286.486.085.386.587.587.487.785.487.083.261.473.548.115.824.913.98.9

54.739.530.049.163.771.268.869.268.673.370.776.171.574.368.146.756.536.18.716.68.43.5

3,086209101108267

1,9267153573587264003264852582273521961573311539781

2,3341697891

2221,4345702822875513012503131701442521381142561216867

75240231745

492145757017599761728983100584275322915

117,7585,2901,9573,33312,11086,37331,42714,57716,85032,37316,78715,58722,57313,0359,53810,7126,7503,9623,2731,828819626

62,6032,587936

1,6516,230

46,25117,0927,8579,23517,1849,0558,12911,9756,8785,0975,7593,6382,1211,775969444362

55,1552,7021,0211,6825,880

40,12214,3356,7217,61415,1897,7327,45710,5986,1574,4414,9533,1121,8411,498859375264

8,8741,266552714

1,4865,3862,4201,1721,2471,9381,128810

1,029592437593331262143635821

5,064730340390884

3,0201,355661694

1,10761749055931424534320114386393611

3,811536212324603

2,3661,06551255383151132047027819225013011957242211

6.818.721.217.210.75.77.07.36.85.56.24.84.34.34.35.14.66.03.83.16.02.9

7.220.925.118.312.06.07.17.56.85.96.25.54.34.34.55.45.16.04.13.56.52.5

6.416.316.916.09.25.56.87.06.75.16.14.14.24.34.14.74.05.93.52.65.33.6

66,4957,3224,5702,7524,50418,5767,0163,2583,7586,2003,4682,7325,3602,6212,7398,9543,4715,483

27,1397,6937,49911,948

24,0423,6552,3411,3141,7254,4941,527738789

1,422735688

1,545735810

3,4361,1632,27310,7323,2443,1324,356

42,4533,6672,2291,4382,77814,0815,4892,5202,9694,7772,7332,0443,8151,8861,9295,5182,3083,210

16,4084,4484,3677,592

21



A-13. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued

(Numbers in thousands) .

Age, sex, and raceCivilian

noninsii-tutional

population

165,16811,2155,6705,545

14,81093,54034,00415,76818,23634,37818,04816,33025,15914,03211,12717,9169,2618,655

27,6878,6347,577

11,476

79,8485,7202,9172,8027,407

46,53216,9837,8669,117

17,1419,0128,128

12,4086,9485,4608,6124,4924,120

11,5773,9313,3134,333

85,3205,4952,7522,7437,402

47,00817,0217,9029,118

17,2379,0368,201

12,7517,0845,6679,3044,7694,535

16,1104,7034,2647,143

March 1994


Total

109,9855,8402,2963,544

11,48678,99128,64813,32515,32329,49415,35114,14420,84811,9908,858

10,2686,3943,8743,4001,852

883665

60,0743,0151,1911,8246,143

43,31015,9597,3808,580

16,1268,5257,601

11,2246,4164,8085,6643,5342,1301,9421,037

506400

49,9102,8261,1051,7215,342

35,68012,6895,9456,744

13,3686,8256,5439,6245,5744,0504,6042,8601,7441,458

815377266

Percentof

population

66.652.140.563.977.684.484.384.584.085.885.186.682.985.479.657.369.044.812.321.411.75.8

75.252.740.865.182.993.194.093.894.194.194.693.590.592.388.165.878.751.716.826.415.39.2

58.551.440.162.772.275.974.675.274.077.675.579.875.578.771.549.560.038.5

9.017.38.83.7

Total

103,3354,8801,8633,017

10,43575,00726,96812,52914,43928,05414,50813,54619,98511,4948,4919,7446,0963,6493,2681,794

827647

56,1512,465

9161,5485,486

40,97414,9406,8888,051

15,2868,0527,234

10,7486,1474,6015,3643,3542,0101,8621,000

470392

47,1842,416

9471,4694,949

34,03312,0285,6406,388

12,7686,4566,3129,2375,3483,8894,3802,7421,6381,406

794357255

Employed

Percentof

population

62.643.532.954.470.580.279.379.579.281.680.483.079.481.976.354.465.842.211.820.810.95.6

70.343.131.455.374.188.188.087.688.389.289.389.086.688.584.362.374.748.816.125.414.29.0

55.344.034.453.566.972.470.771.470.174.171.577.072.475.568.647.157.536.1

8.716.98.43.6

Agri-culture

2,884200

93107240

1,7976523193336923843084542352193311801513151479178

2,1641627290

2001,328

5152522635242892362881531362321241092421176263

72038211740

4701376670

1689572

166838398564273302915

Nonagri-cultural

industries

100,4514,6811,7702,910

10,19573,20926,31612,21014,10627,36214,12513,23719,53111,2598,2729,4135,9163,4982,9531,648

736569

53,9872,303

8451,4585,286

39,64614,4256,6367,789

14,7627,7646,998

10,4605,9944,4665,1323,2301,9021,620

883408329

46,4652,377

9261,4524,909

33,56311,8925,5746,317

12,6006,3616,2399,0715,2653,8064,2822,6861,5961,333

764329240

Unemployed

Number

6,649960433527

1,0503,9841,680

797884

1,440842598863496367524298226131585618

3,924550275275657

2,3361,020

492528840473367476270207300181119803736

8

2,726410158252393

1,64766130535660036923138722616022411810652212011

Percentof

laborforce

6.016.418.814.99.15.05.96.05.84.95.54.24.14.14.15.14.75.83.93.16.32.7

6.518.223.115.110.75.46.46.76.25.25.54.84.24.24.35.35.15.64.13.57.11.9

5.514.514.314.67.44.65.25.15.34.55.43.54.04.14.04.94.16.13.52.65.34.0

NrttINOlin

laborforce

55,1845,3753,3742,0013,324

14,5505,3552,4432,9124,8832,6972,1864,3112,0422,2697,6472,8674,780

24,2886,7826,694

10,811

19,7742,7051,726

9791,2643,2221,024

486538

1,014487527

1,184532652

2,948958

1,9909,6352,8942,8083,933

35,4102,6701,6481,0222,060

11,3284,3321,9572,3753,8692,2101,6593,1271,5101,6174,7001,9092,790

14,6523,8883,8876,877

WHITE









Men









Women









22



A-13. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race—Continued


Age, sex, and race

March 1994


population


TotalPercent

ofpopulation

Employed

TotalPercent

ofpopulation

Agri-culture

Nonagri-cultural

industries

Unemployed

Number

Percentof

laborforce

Not

laborforce

BLACK









Men









Women









22,7742,1961,1491,0472,603

13,4265,4122,5872,8254,9702,6692,3003,0441,7421,3022,0371,078

9592,512

855702956

10,2061,078

584494

1,1916,0722,445

1,2992,2531,2011,0521,374

792583885472413980340285355

12,5681,118

565553

1,4137,3542,9671,4411,5262,7171,4681,2491,670

950719

1,151606545

1,532515416600

14,363723250473

1,79710,5504,2492,0182,2314,0232,1311,8922,2781,317

9611,009

6163932841657643

6,977382135247881

5,1032,083

9721,1111,9291,004

9251,091

627464480305175131723326

7,385341115226917

5,4472,1661,0461,1202,0931,127

9671,188

690497529310219153934317

63.132.921.845.169.078.678.578.079.080.979.882.274.875.673.849.557.141.011.319.310.84.5

68.435.523.250.074.084.085.284.885.585.683.688.079.479.179.654.264.742.313.421.211.57.4

58.830.520.340.864.974.173.072.673.477.176.777.471.172.669.145.951.240.110.018.010.42.8

12,560455139316

1,4289,4473,6551,7011,9543,6251,8911,7342,1681,2599099575893682731597340

6,07822675152696

4,5771,826833993

1,716889827

1,035601434454291163125693323

6,48222965164732

4,8701,829867961

1,9081,002907

1,133658475503297206148904117

55.220.712.130.254.870.467.565.769.272.970.875.471.272.369.847.054.638.410.918.610.54.2

59.621.012.830.758.475.474.772.776.476.274.078.775.376.074.551.361.739.412.820.411.56.5

51.620.511.429.751.866.261.660.263.070.268.272.667.869.266.043.749.137.79.6

17.59.82.8

10977

186632171521165

1394

149544

9277

155426111515132

139

15138544

16

31266

632

12,451448133316

1,4109,3813,6221,6831,9393,6041,8751,7292,1551,250

9059435803642691557340

5,98622068

152681

4,5241,800

822978

1,701876825

1,022592430441283158121653323

6,46522965

164729

4,8581,822

861961

1,903999904

1,133658475502297206148904117

1,803268111157370

1,103594317277398240158110585252272511623

8991566195

1855262581391192131159855253026141263

9041125062

18557733717815918512560553322261313532

12.637.044.333.220.610.514.015.712.49.9

11.38.34.84.45.45.14.36.34.03.43.2

12.940.844.838.621.010.312.414.310.711.011.510.55.14.06.55.44.66.94.6

V)V)V)

12.232.843.727.320.110.615.517.014.28.8

11.16.24.64.74.54.94.15.93.43.0

8,4111,473

899574806

2,8761,163

569594947539408766425341

1,028462565

2,228690626912

3,229696449247310969362174188324197127284165119405167238849268253329

5,182777450327496

1,907802396406623341282482260222623296327

1,379423373584

1 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier years.

For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey EffectiveJanuary 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.

23Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis


A-14. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, and age


Employment status andrace

Total

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

Men, 20 years andover

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

Women, 20 years andover

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

Both sexes, 16 to 19years

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population .Civilian labor force




Not in labor force

White





Not in labor force

Black





Not in labor force

192,959126,682

65.7117,406

2,805114,601

9,2767.3

66,277

163,543108,322

66.2101,269

2,62398,646

7,0526.5

55,222

22,21713,687

61.611,810

10911,7011,877

13.78,530

196,213129,718

66.1120,844

3,086117,758

8,8746.8

66,495

165,168109,985

66.6103,335

2,884100,451

6,6496.0

55,184

22,77414,363

63.112,560

10912,451

1,80312.6

8,411

85,66465,771

76.860,821

2,07758,7444,950

7.519,893

73,52356,906

77.453,066

1,93551,1303,841

6.716,617

8,9826,469

72.05,550

905,460

91914.2

2,513

86,90166,513

76.562,180

2,16560,0154,333

6.520,387

74,12957,060

77.053,6862,003

51,6833,374

5.917,069

9,1286,595

72.35,852

865,766

74311.3

2,533

94,14854,726

58.151,668

56751,1013,058

5.639,423

79,48346,090

58.043,795

53943,256

2,2945.0

33,393

11,1496,547

58.75,903

135,889

6449.8

4,602

95,22556,440

59.353,165

71252,4533,275

5.838,785

79,82547,084

59.044,769

68244,087

2,3164.9

32,740

11,4507,04561.5

6,25316

6,23779211.2

4,405

13,1476,186

47.14,917

1604,7571,26920.5

6,961

10,5375,326

50.54,408

1494,260

91717.2

5,212

2,08667132.2357

635231346.7

1,415

14,0876,765

48.05,499

2095,2901,26618.7

7,322

11,2155,840

52.14,880

2004,681

96016.4

5,375

2,19672332.9455

744826837.0

1,473

NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current


24



A-15. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, educationalattainment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin


Enrollment status, educationalattainment, race, and Hispanic origin

March 1994


population

17,09511,2265,869

8,8878,2086,7301,478

8,6035,7442,859

4,6823,9213,238

683

8,4925,4823,011

4,2054,2873,492

795

13,5458,8844,661

6,8816,664

6,8906,6555,4431,213

2,5241,759

765

1,1861,338

1,547977796182

1,7551,211

544

882873

1,072684503180


Total

8,2564,8013,454

3,5204,7353,5261,209

4,0272,3961,631

1,8682,1591,596

563

4,2292,4061,823

1,6522,5761,930

646

7,0254,1592,867

3,4393,586

3,0124,0133,0051,008

896502394

428468

405491352140

749401348

379371

299451309141

Percent ofpopulation

48.342.858.9

39.657.752.481.8

46.841.757.1

39.955.149.382.5

49.843.960.5

39.360.155.381.2

51.946.861.5

50.053.8

43.760.355.283.2

35.528.551.5

36.135.0

26.250.344.276.9

42.733.164.0

42.942.4

27.965.961.578.3

Employed

Total

7,2033,9953,208

2,8184,3853,2631,122

3,4151,9361,480

1,4461,9691,456

513

3,7882,0591,729

1,3722,4161,807

609

6,2403,5492,691

2,9733,267

2,4943,7462,800

947

667324343

307360

240427308119

637304333

315322

216421291131

Fulltime

1,288291997

1381,150

524626

674144530

104570286285

614147467

35580239341

1,064241823

560504

105959444515

15331

122

7974

191345479

14330

113

6776

211216061

Parttime

5,9153,7042,211

2,6803,2352,739

496

2,7411,792

950

1,3431,3991,171

228

3,1731,9121,262

1,3371,8361,568

268

5,1763,3081,868

2,4132,764

2,3892,7872,355

432

514293221

228286

221293253

40

494275220

248246

194300231

69

Unemployed

Total

1,053807246

702350263

88

611460151

42219013950

441347

94

28116112337

785610176

467319

51826720562

22917851

121108

165644420

1129715

6448

83291911

Lookingfor

full-timework

1889296

741146351

1105159

49623625

774137

26522626

1357164

7956

54804634

451926

2718

19261511

199

10

118

51468

Lookingfor

part-timework

865715150

62823720037

501409

92

37312810325

364306

58

2551099712

651539112

388263

46418715927

18416024

9490

1463829

9

9388

5

5340

7815133

Percentof

laborforce

12.816.87.1

19.97.47.47.3

15.219.29.3

22.68.88.78.9

10.414.45.2

17.06.26.45.8

11.214.76.1

13.68.9

17.26.76.86.1

25.635.512.9

28.323.1

40.813.012.514.4

15.024.2

4.4

16.913.0

27.86.56.07.5

TOTAL ENROLLED

Total, 16 to 24 years16 to 19 years20 to 24 years

High schoolCollege

Full-time studentsPart-time students

Men, 16 to 24 years16 to 19 years20 to 24 years

High schoolCollege


Women, 16 to 24 years16 to 19 years20 to 24 years

High schoolCollege


White


MenWomen

High schoolCollege


Black


MenWomen

High schoolCollege


Hispanic origin


MenWomen

High schoolCollege



25



A-15. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 to 24 years of age by school enrollment, educationalattainment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin—Continued


Enrollment status, educationalattainment, race, and Hispanic origin

March 1994


population

15.3602,86212,498

3,8376,5923,4821,448

7,6001,3986,202

2,0053,3651,584646

7,7601,4646,296

1,8323,2271.898803

12,4802,33110,149

6.2466,234

3,0695,3302.8331.248

2,275436

1,838

1,0821,193

5821,059493141

2,513596

1,917

1,3231,190

1.32582231551


Total

12,3731,96410,409

2.3605,4753,1351,403

6,7961.0915,704

1,5843,0741,513625

5,578872

4,705

7762,4011,622778

10,3001,6828,619

5,7194,582

2,0084,4942,5831,215

1,624220

1,403

835789

245819425136

1,807347

1,460

1.164643

83764427551

Percent ofpopulation

80.668.683.3

61.583.190.096.9

89.478.192.0

79.091.495.596.8

71.959.674.7

42.474.485.596.9

82.572.184.9

91.673.5

65.484.391.297.3

71.450.576.3

77.166.2

42.177.386.196.5

71.958.276.2

88.054.0

63.278.387.20

Employed

Total

10,6731,5049,169

1,7754,7042,8371,357

5,793821

4,972

1,2572,5921,346598

4,880683

4,197

5182,1121,491759

9,0761,3317,745

4,9784,098

1,5553,9602,3801,181

1,216131

1,085

615601

135608349124

1,548275

1,273

1,001547

70955723647

Fulltime

8,5541,0217,533

1,3493,7492,2661,190

4,943594

4,349

1,0132,2521,149529

3,611427

3,184

3361,4971,117661

7,318903

6,416

4,2813,037

1,1793,1901,9031,046

92994

835

488441

100454274101

1,261197

1,063

838423

57845918242

Parttime

2,119483

1,636

426955572166

850227623

24334019769

1,269256

1,013

18261537497

1,758429

1,329

6971,061

376769477135

28737

250

127160

361547523

28778

210

163125

13198545

Unemployed

Total

1,700459

1,240

58577129746

1,003270732

32748216627

697189508

25828913119

1.225350874

741484

45353520334

40889319

220188

1092117612

25871187

16395

12886395

Lookingfor

full-timework

1,562396

1,166

53972625543

939243695

30546514524

624153471

23426111019

1,112298815

696416

41449417430

38680

306

202184

1032076512

24467178

15490

11984365

Lookingfor

part-timework

1376374

4645434

642737

2218213

733637

242721

1135360

4568

3941294

22913

184

7411

14410

95

923

Percentof

laborforce

13.723.411.9

24.814.19.53.3

14.824.812.8

20.615.711.04.3

12.521.710.8

33.312.08.12.5

11.920.810.1

13.010.6

22.611.97.92.8

25.140.522.7

26.323.9

44.725.817.88.8

14.320.512.8

14.014.8

15.313.414.3(1)

TOTAL NOT ENROLLED


Less than a high school diplomaHigh school graduates, no collegeLess than a bachelor's degreeCollege graduates

Men, 16 to 24 years16 to 19 years20 to 24 years


Women, 16 to 24 years16 to 19 years20 to 24 years


White


MenWomen


Black


MenWomen


Hispanic origin


MenWomen


1 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.NOTE: In the summer months, the educational attainment levels of youth not

enrolled in school are increased by the temporary movement of high school andcollege students into that group. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origingroups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not

26

presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black populationgroups. Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlieryears. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population SurveyEffective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.



A-16. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by age, sex, and race

(In thousands)

Age, sex, and race

Employed1

Full-time workers

Total

At work

35hours

ormore

1 to 34hours foreconomic

ornoneconomic

reasons

Notat

work

Part-time workers

Total

At work2

Part time foreconomicreasons

Part timefor

noneconomic

Notat

work

Unemployed

Lookingfor

full-timework

Lookingfor

part-timework

TOTAL

Total, 16 years and over16 to 19 years


20 years and over20 to 24 years25 years and over


Men, 16 years and over16 to 19 years20 years and over



Women, 16 years and over16 to 19 years20 years and over



White







Black







96,7941,312129

1,18395,4818,53086,95176,47010,481

57,143738

56,4054,87951,52645,1506,376

39,651574

39,0763,65135,42531,3204,105

49,391661

48,7294,18044,54938,8635,686

32,839482

32,3563,05829,29825,7883,510

5,34861

5,287506

4,7814,289492

5,11364

5,049450

4,5984,149449

85,6421,076

96981

84,5667,57776,98967,9689,021

51,069620

50,4494,36146,08840,5725,516

34,574456

34,1173,21630,90127,3963,505

44,207561

43,6463,75739,88934,9754,913

28,600385

28,2152,69225,52322,5272,996

4,70045

4,655434

4,2223,787434

4,48151

4,430398

4,0323,650382

8,31220132170

8,110784

7,3266,369958

4,498107

4,391433

3,9583,411547

3,81495

3,720351

3,3682,957411

3,85892

3,766349

3,4172,916502

3,18375

3,108296

2,8122,452360

47014

4576639136229

47113

45839

41938336

2,840351

332,805169

2,6362,134502

1,57611

1,56585

1,4801,168313

1,26324

1,23984

1,156966190

1,3269

1,31773

1,244973271

1,05522

1,03371963809

154

1782

1757

16814028

160

1601314711731

24,0504,1871,9302,25719,8643,84816,01611,8294,187

7,7942,0195,7751,5734,2022,5351,667

16,2572,16814,0892,27411,8149,2942,521

6,7601,8044,9571,3063,6512,1101,540

14,3461,933

12,4121,89110,5218,2452,276

73016556518937628888

1,369165

1,204282922721202

3,72425332221

3,471755

2,7162,404312

1,593126

1,466384

1,082947135

2,131127

2,004371

1,6331,456177

1,291111

1,180299881767114

1,706110

1,597305

1,2921,145146

23814

2247215214111

3369

32752

27625323

18,9433,7491,8241,92415,1952,841

12,3548,8133,541

5,7781,8173,9611,0962,8651,4521,413

13,1651,932

11,2341,7459,4897,3612,128

5,0851,6233,462

9312,5311,2211,311

11,7941,727

10,0671,4728,5956,6721,923

46314631610421213874

947143804191613440173

1,38318574112

1,198251947612335

4237534893255136119

960110850158692476216

3857031476238123116

84596749115634427207

30525131293

8513733934286

7,25948893395

6,7711,2625,5094,942567

4,322295

4,027754

3,2732,922350

2,938193

2,744508

2,2362,020217

3,357214

3,143561

2,5822,267315

2,041155

1,886317

1,5691,378

7546768716252550520

7403270917053851325

1,615778460318837224613444169

7424363061291779879

8733425319543634690

567336231961346965

6842554297635426984

145885623332112

16480831469646

1 Employed persons are classified as full- or part-time workers based on their usualweekly hours at all jobs regardless of the number of hours they are at work during thereference week. Persons absent from work are also classified according to their usualstatus.

2 Includes some persons at work 35 hours or more classified by their reason for

working part time.NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier

years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population SurveyEffective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.

27



A-17. Employed persons by occupation, sex, and age

(In thousands)

Occupation

Total

16 yearsand over

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

Men

16 yearsand over

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

20 yearsand over

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

Women

16 yearsand over

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

20 yearsand over

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

Total

Managerial and professional specialtyExecutive, administrative, and managerial

Officials and administrators, public administrationOther executive, administrative, and managerialManagement-related occupations

Professional specialtyEngineersMathematical and computer scientistsNatural scientistsHealth diagnosing occupationsHealth assessment and treating occupationsTeachers, college and universityTeachers, except college and universityLawyers and judgesOther professional specialty occupations

Technical, sales, and administrative supportTechnicians and related support

Health technologists and techniciansEngineering and science techniciansTechnicians, except health, engineering, and science

Sales occupationsSupervisors and proprietorsSales representatives, finance and business servicesSales representatives, commodities, except retailSales workers, retail and personal servicesSales-related occupations

Administrative support, including clericalSupervisorsComputer equipment operatorsSecretaries, stenographers, and typistsFinancial records processingMail and message distributingOther administrative support, including clerical

Service occupationsPrivate householdProtective serviceService, except private household and protective

Food serviceHealth serviceCleaning and building servicePersonal service

Precision production, craft, and repairMechanics and repairersConstruction tradesOther precision production, craft, and repair

Operators, fabricators, and laborersMachine operators, assemblers, and inspectorsTransportation and material moving occupations

Motor vehicle operatorsOther transportation and material moving occupations

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborersConstruction laborersOther handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

Farming, forestry, and fishingFarm operators and managersOther farming, forestry, and fishing occupations

117,406

32,40215,482

61410,5034,366

16,9201,7271,044

516936

2,470837

4,601821

3,968

36,4413,9821,5111,0541,417

14,1063,9502,2451,6006,224

8718,353

641633

4,1282,199

9749,779

16,370863

2,22113,2855,5872,1922,9962,511

12,5204,1584,5693,792

16,7357,3984,8683,7051,1634,469

5403,930

2,9381,1421,796

120,844

33,35415,840

64910,9604,230

17,5141,8271,169

560902

2,671853

4,607823

4,101

37,0603,8901,6581,1781,054

14,5184,4042,3221,4046,317

7118,651

704600

4,0502,308

9979,991

17,059850

2,25413,9566,0132,1613,0092,772

13,0234,3314,5724,120

17,1837,3555,0693,8741,1954,758

5854,173

3,1651,3931,772

63,370

16,9099,037

3406,6512,0457,8721,611

709347750310469

1,128635

1,913

13,2471,949

301821826

7,3672,5161,3331,2272,246

443,932

25425765

220649

2,487

6,65747

1,8484,7622,297

2441,752

470

11,5154,0194,4953,002

12,5494,4814,4173,3121,1063,651519

3,133

2,492981

1,511

64,936

17,2658,971367

6,6581,9468,2941,708798390721373491

1,212624

1,979

13,2301,834309884641

7,4932,8261,4181,0742,146

283,90328024282186602

2,511

6,93643

1,8735,0202,528275

1,653564

11,7904,1394,4783,173

13,1184,6304,5733,4301,1433,915

5623,353

2,5981,0471,551

60,821

16,8439,003

3406,6282,0347,8411,609

709348750310466

1,116636

1,897

12,6991,924

293805825

7,0312,5101,3251,2221,932

423,744

251249

58215622

2,348

5,81735

1,8173,9661,702

2301,615

419

11,3123,9654,3912,955

11,8224,3604,3493,2561,0923,113

5012,612

2,327979

1,348

62,180

17,1548,931

3676,6191,9468,2231,706

796390721373484

1,195624

1,935

12,6491,811

303871637

7,1232,8011,4031,0711,819

283,715

27823182

181585

2,358

6,01034

1,8494,1271,827

2671,532

502

11,6244,0874,3993,138

12,3224,4954,4893,3601,1293,339

5262,812

2,4211,0101,411

54,036

15,4936,446

2733,8522,3209,047

117335169186

2,160368

3,473185

2,056

23,1942,0331,210

234590

6,7401,433

911373

3,97843

14,421387375

4,0631,978

3257,292

9,712816374

8,5233,2911,9471,2442,041

1,00514075

791

4,1862,917

450393

57818

21798

446162284

55,907

16,0896,869

2824,3022,2859,220

119371171181

2,298363

3,396199

2,123

23,8302,0561,350

293413

7,0251,578

903330

4,17143

14,748424359

3,9692,122

3957,480

10,124807381

8,9363,4851,8871,3562,208

1,23219294

946

4,0652,725

496444

5284323

820

568346222

51,668

15,4096,418

2743,8302,3148,992

117335169186

2,157362

3,442185

2,039

21,9532,0141,200

224591

5,9391,414

903371

3,20843

14,001387370

3,9661,967

3097,001

8,822708346

7,7682,7661,8931,1951,914

99213975

778

4,0612,858

445388

57758

21737

430160270

53,165

15,9656,829

2814,2722,2769,137

119369169181

2,293356

3,356199

2,094

22,3782,0351,337

290409

6,1361,547

883319

3,34642

14,206422350

3,8382,106

3847,106

9,161725373

8,0632,8921,8161,3072,049

1,19319089

914

3,9212,664

493441

5276423

741

546337209



28



A-18. Employed persons by occupation, race, and sex

(Percent distribution)

Occupation and race

TOTAL

Total

Mar.1993 !!

Mar.1994

Mar.1993

Men

Mar.1994

Women

Mar. j1993 I

i

Mar.1994

Total, 16 years and over (thousands)Percent

Managerial and professional specialtyExecutive, administrative, and managerialProfessional specialty

Technical, sales, and administrative supportTechnicians and related supportSales occupationsAdministrative support, including clerical


Precision production, craft, and repairOperators, fabricators, and laborers

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectorsTransportation and material moving occupationsHandlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

Farming, forestry, and fishing

White

Total, 16 years and over (thousands) .Percent





Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectorsTransportation and material moving occupationsHandlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .


Black

Total, 16 years and over (thousands) ....Percent





Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectorsTransportation and material moving occupationsHandlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .


117,406100.0

27.613.214.431.03.4

12.015.613.9

.71.9

11.310.714.36.34.13.82.5

101,269100.0

28.613.814.831.43.4

12.615.412.7

.61.8

10.311.113.65.93.93.72.6

11,810100.0

18.18.1

10.028.5

3.27.6

17.723.7

1.43.1

19.27.8

20.58.96.15.51.5

120,844100.0

27.613.114.530.73.2

12.015.414.1

.71.9

11.510.814.26.14.23.92.6

103,335100.0

28.713.814.931.03.2

12.515.312.9

.61.7

10.611.113.45.74.03.82.9

12,560100.0

17.87.99.8

29.13.58.4

17.123.3

1.23.5

18.68.5

20.48.46.35.71.0

63,370100.0

26.714.312.420.93.1

11.66.2

10.5.1

2.97.5

18.219.87.17.05.83.9

55,352100.0

27.815.012.721.0

3.112.25.79.4

.12.86.6

18.918.96.86.55.54.1

5,748100.0

14.87.57.3

19.32.86.99.6

19.4

4.814.613.630.19.3

11.49.32.8

64,936100.0

26.613.812.820.42.8

11.5 I6.0 |

10.7 I.1 !

2.9 j7.7 !

18.2 !20.2 I

7.1 |7.0 I6.04.0 I

56,151100.0

27.714.5

'13.120.62.8

12.15.79.6

.12.76.9

18.719.16.86.65.74.3

6,078100.0

15.37.87.5

18.02.97.37.8

19.5.1

5.114.214.730.79.2

11.99.61.8

54,036100.0

28.711.916.742.93.8

12.526.718.01.5.7

15.81.97.75.4.8

1.5.8

45,917100.0

29.612.317.343.93.8

13.127.116.61.3.6

14.71.87.24.9

.81.5.9

6,062100.0

21.38.7

12.637.13.58.3

25.327.82.71.5

23.62.3

11.48.51.01.9.2

55,907100.0

28.812.316.542.63.7

12.626.418.11.4.7

16.02.27.34.9

.91.51.0

47,184100.0

29.912.817.143.33.6

13.026.616.81.3.5

15.02.16.74.4

.91.41.2

6,482100.0

20.18.0

12.039.54.19.5

25.926.9

2.22.0

22.72.7

10.77.61.02.0.2



29



A-19. Employed persons by industry and occupation

(In thousands)

Industry

March 1994

Totalem-

ployed

Managerial andprofessional

specialty

Executive,adminis-trative,

andmana-gerial

Profes-sional

specialty

Technical, sales, andadministrative

support

Techni-ciansand

relatedsupport

Sales

Adminis-trative

support,includingclerical

Serviceoccupations

Privatehouse-

hold

Otherservice1

Preci-sion

produc-tion,craft,and

repair

Operators,fabricators,

and laborers

Machineoper-ators,

assem-blers,and

inspec-tors

Transpor-tationand

materialmoving

Handlers,equipmentcleaners,helpers,

andlaborers

Farming,forestry,

andfishing

AgricultureMiningConstructionManufacturing


Transportation and publicutilities

Wholesale and retail tradeWholesale tradeRetail trade

Finance, insurance, andreal estate

ServicesPrivate householdsOther service industries .

Professional services...Public administration

3,086658

6,66619,90411,6968,209

8,63525,1264,43620,691

7,99443,079

98042,09929,4115,695

87108975

2,5901,5381,052

1,0422,151492

1,659

2,1695,450

15,4493,4711,267

9072131

1,8751,189685

47646457407

25713,352

613,34711,995

798

291833567392175

3751212596

1832,341

22,3392,031224

15757718279439

20910,4471,8068,640

2,0221,018

1,01818725

13266391

2,1221,137985

2,3422,337794

1,543

2,8307,015

147,0015,2291,416

850850

291739288180108

2444,976

394,938

2628,796

628,7355,2531,558

51230

3,8113,8182,5991,219

1,2681,436292

1,144

1672,010

82,003507231

32688

6,0303,3582,672

109257107150

21788

78819734

4996

467744429314

2,058969425543

13583

6577326

92

1718

6591,075

524550

4991,908

3551,553

23520

1650411940

2,583

167970

9

13624319

47355

16339

9711

1 Includes protective service, not shown separately.NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993

and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the


30



A-20. Employed persons in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age, sex, and class of worker

(In thousands)

Age and sex

March 1994

Agriculture

Wageand

salaryworkers

Self-employedworkers

Unpaidfamily

workers

Nonagricultural industries

Wage and salary workers

Total

Private industries

TotalPrivate

householdworkers

Otherprivate

industries

Government

Self-employedworkers

Unpaidfamily

workers

Total, 16 years and over....16 to 19 years


20 to 24 years25 to 34 years35 to 44 years45 to 54 years55 to 64 years65 years and over

Men, 16 years and over16 to 19 years



Women, 16 years and over16 to 19 years



1,5231497574

2144763581939342

1,2311286365

1713882871458229

29221119

438770481013

1,52549232651

232364288257284

1,08333132048

178264167169224

442161162

531001218960

381248384435

2082633

122

183

108,6265,1661,8983,268

11,85129,54029,69920,4319,3092,630

57,0172,518

8961,6226,077

15,96715,54010,6724,8861,358

51,6092,6481,0031,6465,774

13,57314,1599,7594,4231,273

89,9794,8981,8223,076

10,71725,27623,88615,7247,2892,188

48,5462,408

8661,5425,592

13,86613,0448,5143,9571,165

41,4322,490

9561,5345,125

11,41010,8427,2093,3321,023

978926230

13118219515014088

961073

21171610183

882825527

11016417914012185

89,0014,8061,7603,046

10,58625,09523,69115,5737,1492,101

48,4502,398

8591,5395,571

13,84913,0278,5043,9391,162

40,5512,408

9011,5075,015

11,24610,6637,0693,210

939

18,648268

76192

1,1344,2645,8134,7072,020

442

8,4711102981

4852,1012,4962,158

929192

10,17715847

112648

2,1633,3172,5501,091

249

8,9991165859

2451,8612,6402,1171,383

636

5,556644024

1461,1211,6411,300

871413

3,44352183599

740999817512223

132716

1426342520

7

29

653324

1031

18

213022183



31



A-21. Persons at work in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by hours of work

Hours of work

Total, 16 years and over

1 to 34 hours1 to 4 hours.5 to 14 hours15 to 29 hours30 to 34 hours

35 hours and over35 to 39 hours40 hours41 hours and over

41 to 48 hours49 to 59 hours60 hours and over

Average hours, total at workAverage hours, persons who usually work full time

March 1994

Thousands of persons

Allindustries

116,621

30,0741,3155,383

14,9308,446

86,5478,973

40,18637,38814,30313,4699,617

39.143.6

Agriculture

2,873

1,03183

246468235

1,842189578

1,075221299555

39.947.6

Nonagriculturalindustries

113,748

29,0431,2335,137

14,4638,210

84,7058,784

39,60736,31314,08113,1709,062

39.143.5

Percent distribution

Allindustries

100.0

25.81.14.6

12.87.2

74.27.7

34.532.112.311.58.2

Agriculture

100.0

35.92.98.6

16.38.2

64.16.6

20.137.4

7.710.419.3

Nonagriculturalindustries

100.0

25.51.14.5

12.77.2

74.57.7

34.831.912.411.68.0

-



A-22. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours in all and nonagricultural industries by reason for working less than 35 hours and usual full- orpart-time status


Reason for working less than 35 hours

March 1994

All industries

TotalUsuallywork

full time

Usuallywork

part time

Nonagricultural industries

TotalUsuallywork

full time

8,003

1,4181,230

-60

128

6,58588

691_61-

2,312104700

2,628

23.425.6

Usuallywork

part time

21,040

3,3531,3112,013

28-

17,687807

5,082756

6,2201,491

---

3,332

22.319.1


Economic reasonsSlack work or business conditionsCould only find part-time workSeasonal workJob started or ended during week

Noneconomic reasonsChild-care problemsOther family or personal obligationsHealth or medical limitationsIn school or trainingRetired or Social Security limit on earningsVacation or personal dayHoliday, legal or religiousWeather-related curtailmentAll other reasons

Average hours:Economic reasonsOther reasons

30,074

4,9872,6652,046

136139

25,087915

5,950797

6,4151,6382,369

104767

6,132

22.620.8

8,312

1,5141,279

139

6,79792

719

61

2,369104767

2,685

23.225.5

21,763

3,4731,3862,046

41

18,290823

5,231797

6,3541,638

3,446

22.319.0

29,043

4,7712,5412,013

88128

24,272895

5,773756

6,2811,4912,312

104700

5,960

22.620.9



32



A-23. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and usual full- or part-time status


Industry and class of worker

March 1994

Totalat

work

Worked 1 to 34 hours

TotalFor

economicreasons

For noneconomicreasons

Usuallyworkfull

time

Usuallyworkparttime

Worked35 hoursor more

Average hours

Totalat

work

Persons whousually work

full time

Total 16 years and over.

Wage and salary workers .

Mining

Construction

ManufacturingDurable goodsNondurable goods.

Transportation and public utilitiesWholesale and retail tradeFinance, insurance, and real estate .

Service industriesPrivate households.All other industries .

Public administration .

Self-employed workers.Unpaid family workers ..

113,748

105,287

609

5,079

18,96611,1877,779

7,95822,373

7,192

37,615941

36,6745,496

8,328132

29,043

25,988

61

1,128

2,1821,1181,064

1,3017,9301,242

11,386631

10,755757

2,95997

4,771

4,173

22

373

462221242

2291,437

104

1,482105

1,37663

58315

6,585

6,129

29

484

1,064651413

537843466

2,25644

2,213450

44511

17,687

15,685

9

271

656246410

5355,651

672

7,648481

7,166244

1,93171

84,705

79,300

549

3,950

16,78410,0696,715

6,65714,4435,950

26,229310

25,9194,739

5,36935

39.1

39.1

46.3

39.7

42.643.241.8

41.736.840.2

37.525.437.840.8

39.029.3

43.5

43.2

47.1

41.3

43.643.943.2

43.744.142.6

43.142.743.142.1

47.341.5



33



A-24. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by age, sex, race, marital status, and usual full- or part-time status


Industry and class of worker

March 1994

Totalat

work


TotalFor

economicreasons


Usuallyworkfull

time

Usuallyworkparttime


Average hours

Totalat

work


full time

TOTAL





Men, 16 years and over16 to 19 years




Women, 16 years and over16 to 19 years




Race

White, 16 years and overMenWomen

Black, 16 years and overMenWomen

Marital status

Men, 16 years and over:Married, spouse presentWidowed, divorced, or separatedSingle (never married)

Women, 16 years and over:Married, spouse presentWidowed, divorced, or separatedSingle (never married)

113,7485,0781,8853,194

108,66911,69796,97283,73813,234

60,7282,508

9041,605

58,2206,057

52,16345,011

7,152

53,0192,570

9811,589

50,4495,640

44,80938,7276,082

97,04452,39444,650

12,0015,7816,220

38,4706,451

15,807

29,58210,56012,877

29,0433,9661,7982,167

25,0774,116

20,96116,5954,366

10,8631,899

8551,0448,9631,7667,1975,3901,807

18,1802,066

9431,123

16,1142,350

13,76411,2052,559

25,1619,331

15,829

2,8091,1031,706

4,7371,1145,011

10,1892,8515,140

4,771282

45236

4,490880

3,6103,170

440

2,40115223

1292,248

4861,7621,549

213

2,37112923

1072,242

3941,8481,621

227

3,8171,9381,879

738365373

1,013310

1,077

1,080598692

6,585129

13116

6,455548

5,9085,180

728

3,228601149

3,168257

2,9112,530

381

3,35769

367

3,287291

2,9962,650

347

5,6262,8052,821

718310408

2,054439736

1,870770717

17,6873,5551,7391,815

14,1322,689

11,4438,2453,199

5,2341,687

821866

3,5471,0232,5241,3101,213

12,4531,868

918950

10,5851,6668,9206,9351,985

15,7184,588

11,129

1,353428924

1,670365

3,199

7,2391,4833,731

84,7051,113

861,026

83,5927,581

76,01167,143

8,868

49,86660949

56049,257

4,29144,96639,621

5,345

34,83950438

46634,335

3,29031,04527,5223,523

71,88343,06328,821

9,1924,6784,514

33,7335,337

10,796

19,3937,7097,737

39.122.315.826.139.935.540.441.036.5

42.123.216.626.942.937.743.544.239.3

35.621.415.025.336.333.236.737.233.3

39.242.435.4

38.340.036.6

44.242.137.1

35.637.933.7

43.539.135.439.443.641.843.743.942.9

44.939.7O40.145.042.745.245.444.0

41.538.4O38.741.640.641.641.741.3

43.845.241.6

41.642.640.6

45.743.943.2

41.441.841.5

1 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and

earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current


34



A-25. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and usual full- or part-time status


Occupation and sex

March 1994

Totalat

work


TotalFor

economicreasons


Usuallyworkfull

time

Usuallyworkparttime


Average hours

Totalat

work


full time

Total, 16 years and over1






Men, 16 years and over1






Women, 16 years and over1






113,679

32,22415,40016,82535,8523,759

14,02918,06416,441

8162,157

13,46712,56316,5987,1634,8544,580

60,480

16,7958,7488,047

12,8531,7907,2683,7956,743

431,8034,897

11,38912,7014,5354,3853,781

53,198

15,4306,6528,778

22,9991,9706,760

14,2699,698

773354

8,5701,1753,8972,628

469799

29,073

5,8491,9373,912

10,295810

4,2375,2497,317

564393

6,3611,9653,6461,110947

1,589

10,783

1,989817

1,1732,250282

1,216752

2,30331293

1,9791,7082,533540750

1,242

18,290

3,8601,1202,7398,045528

3,0214,4965,01453399

4,382257

1,113570197347

4,771

587213374

1,24861661527

1,3078245

1,180599

1,030362220448

2,384

2861321543121519898

4853

25457556744180212352

2,387

3018221993646462428822792072342286181996

6,568

1,871771

1,1002,041269531

1,24181536169610875966425290252

3,209

792361431592126252214340

6143191782702238254210

3,360

1,078410668

1,449143278

1,0284753027

41894

2641873642

17,733

3,391953

2,4387,006

4803,0453,4805,196

446179

4,571491

1,649324437889

5,191

911324587

1,347141765440

1,47721

1261,330

3701,086

122284680

12,542

2,480629

1,8515,660

3392,2803,0403,718

42553

3,241121563202153208

84,606

26,37513,46212,91325,5572,9499,792

12,8169,124

2531,7647,107

10,59912,9516,0533,9072,991

49,697

14,8057,9316,874

10,6031,5076,0533,0434,440

121,5102,9189,681

10,1683,9943,6352,539

34,909

11,5705,5326,039

14,9541,4423,7399,7734,684

240255

4,189918

2,7832,058

272453

39.1

42.344.440.437.639.239.136.033.424.641.832.641.639.740.942.335.2

42.2

45.546.744.142.541.444.539.336.6(2)42.834.441.940.642.243.135.8

35.5

38.841.336.934.837.233.435.231.124.636.531.538.836.938.734.732.2

43.5

45.446.244.542.842.345.940.642.142.144.241.642.842.842.345.240.8

44.9

47.348.046.645.843.648.042.543.2(2)44.742.543.043.443.145.541.1

41.5

42.943.742.340.741.042.640.041.142.441.141.041.540.540.642.239.2

1 Excludes farming, forestry, and fishing occupations.2 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and

earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the CurrentPopulation Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue ofEmployment and Earnings.

35



A-26. Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex

Marital status, race, and age

Men

Thousands ofpersons

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

Unemploymentrates

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

Women

Thousands ofpersons

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

Unemploymentrates

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

Total, 16 years and overMarried, spouse presentWidowed, divorced, or separatedSingle (never married)

White, 16 years and over ....Married, spouse presentWidowed, divorced, or separatedSingle (never married)

Black, 16 years and over ....Married, spouse presentWidowed, divorced, or separatedSingle (never married)

Total, 25 years and overMarried, spouse presentWidowed, divorced, or separatedSingle (never married)

White, 25 years and over ....Married, spouse presentWidowed, divorced, or separatedSingle (never married)

Black, 25 years and over ....Married, spouse presentWidowed, divorced, or separatedSingle (never married)

5,6832,291

8202,572

4,3691,886

6291,854

1,103309156637

4,0692,165

7911,113

3,2331,797

608828

675276149250

5,0642,040

6852,339

3,9241,704

5591,661

899225104570

3,4501,883

650917

2,7161,564

532620

55821295

251

8.25.3

10.913.8

7.34.9

10.012.2

16.19.7

15.324.0

6.95.2

10.811.3

6.34.9

10.010.5

12.09.0

14.916.0

7.24.79.0

12.1

6.54.58.8

10.6

12.96.9

10.320.9

5.84.58.89.0

5.34.38.77.7

9.86.89.6

15.7

3,5941,409

7971,388

2,6831,171

598914

774177162435

2,5201,275

749496

1,9001,059

564278

516164148204

3,8111,441

8851,484

2,7261,187

642897

904168204532

2,6721,282

796594

1,9231,050

579294

608154179274

6.24.47.09.8

5.54.16.58.3

11.37.58.6

16.9

5.24.26.77.0

4.73.96.35.4

9.07.28.1

12.3

6.44.47.4

10.0

5.54.16.87.8

12.26.99.8

18.6

5.44.16.98.1

4.63.86.45.6

9.96.68.9

15.4



36



A-27. Unemployed persons by occupation and sex

Occupation

Thousands ofpersons

Total

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

Unemployment rates

Total

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

Men

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

Women

Mar.1993

Mar.1994






Operators, fabricators, and laborersMachine operators, assemblers, and inspectorsTransportation and material moving occupationsHandlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

Construction laborersOther handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers


No previous work experience16 to 19 years20 to 24 years25 years and over

9,276

1,004583421

1,999167951881

1,36068

1081,183

1,377264818295

2,245934504808235572

337

887625128134

8,874

904543361

2,242153

1,0891,000

1,483113104

1,267

1,235237768231

1,978741428809195614

455

5283607691

7.3

3.03.62.4

5.24.06.34.6

7.77.34.68.2

9.96.0

15.27.2

11.811.29.4

15.330.412.7

10.3

6.8

2.63.32.0

5.73.87.05.1

8.011.74.48.3

8.75.2

14.45.3

10.39.27.8

14.525.012.8

12.6

8.2

3.13.32.8

4.83.75.05.2

8.7(2)4.5

10.2

10.16.0

15.27.4

12.211.29.5

16.330.713.3

10.0

7.2

2.53.02.1

4.84.24.65.6

8.9(2)4.4

10.4

8.85.1

14.44.7

10.07.98.0

14.728.512.6

12.6

6.2

2.94.12.1

5.44.37.84.4

6.96.95.67.0

7.14.1

15.66.7

10.811.28.6

10.6(2)

10.1

12.0

6.4

2.73.82.0

6.23.49.45.0

7.411.44.47.1

7.76.8

13.07.3

11.211.36.2

13.9(2)

13.6

12.4

1 Includes a small number of persons whose last job was in the ArmedForces.

2 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993

and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the CurrentPopulation Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue ofEmployment and Earnings.

37



A-28. Unemployed persons by industry and sex

Industry

Thousands ofpersons

Total

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

Unemployment rates

Total

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

Men

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

Women

Mar.1993

Mar.1994


Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers

MiningConstruction

ManufacturingDurable goods

Lumber and wood productsFurniture and fixturesStone, clay, and glass productsPrimary metal industriesFabricated metal productsMachinery and computing equipmentElectrical machinery, equipment, and suppliesTransportation equipment

AutomobilesOther transportation equipment

Professional and photographic equipmentOther durable goods industries

Nondurable goodsFood and kindred productsTextile mill productsApparel and other textile productsPaper and allied productsPrinting and publishingChemicals and allied productsRubber and miscellaneous plastics productsOther nondurable goods industries

Transportation and public utilitiesTransportationCommunications and other public utilities

Wholesale and retail tradeWholesale tradeRetail trade

Finance, insurance, and real estateService industries

Professional servicesOther service industries

Agricultural wage and salary workersGovernment, self-employed, and unpaid family workersNo previous work experience

9,276

7,271

491,137

1,601897

5656568599

14213818176

1053450

70319147

13132

126708026

38729295

2,035242

1,793329

1,733630

1,103

242876887

8,874

7,038

43997

1,348726

41424847

10311610114047933554

62212855

15630

105554845

366304

612,117

2531,864

2271,940

7261,214

309999528

7.3

7.7

6.919.6

7.87.68.88.7

10.310.57.86.37.47.56.38.84.88.58.0

10.27.4

10.84.26.95.69.57.4

5.67.03.58.45.59.04.66.03.69.6

14.62.9

6.8

7.3

6.317.5

6.56.06.96.08.16.07.54.75.46.03.98.25.11.97.27.08.1

14.24.45.64.36.1

11.6

5.37.12.38.45.99.03.16.44.0

10.0

16.93.3

8.2

8.7

7.320.5

7.77.99.8

10.011.110.48.06.56.57.65.99.35.28.87.59.87.6

11.93.36.55.88.67.1

6.18.02.88.45.09.54.46.93.79.7

14.63.5

7.2

7.6

6.418.3

5.96.07.66.07.25.97.64.74.36.24.08.55.78.15.85.95.7

12.01.96.34.15.0

10.9

5.97.92.07.44.88.12.47.34.69.7

16.63.6

6.2

6.5

5.310.3

7.96.93.16.37.1

10.76.75.18.87.47.67.14.17.28.8

11.07.1

10.47.17.35.2

11.08.7

4.34.14.68.36.68.54.65.43.69.4

14.52.3

6.4

6.8

5.28.9

7.86.22.65.9

11.76.87.14.67.35.03.27.14.07.69.39.4

10.915.210.14.74.68.2

12.6

3.94.82.99.68.49.83.55.83.7

10.3

17.83.0

NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current


38



A-29. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and race


Reason

Total,16 yearsand over

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

Men,20 yearsand over

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

Women,20 yearsand over

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

Both sexes,16 to 19

years

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

White Black

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

Mar.1993

Mar.1994


Total unemployedJob losers and persons who completed temporary jobs .


Permanent job losersPersons who completed temporary jobs








9,2765,4371,3954,042001,0132,018808

100.058.615.043.610.921.88.7

4.3.81.6.6

8,8744,5221,2493,2732,491782832

2,993528

100.051.014.136.99.433.75.9

3.5.6

2.3.4

4,9503,6291,0292,6000048573799

100.073.320.852.59.814.92.0

5.5.71.1.2

4,3332,883836

2,0471,54150638899171

100.066.519.347.29.0

22.91.6

4.3.61.5.1

3,0581,576313

1,263

O0374971137

100.051.510.241.312.231.84.5

2.9.71.8.2

3,2751,416320

1,095871224371

1,39296

100.043.29.8

33.411.342.52.9

2.5.72.5.2

1,26923253179

0O154310572

100.018.34.214.112.224.445.1

3.82.55.09.2

1,26622392131795272

611360

100.017.67.310.35.7

48.228.5

3.31.19.05.3

7,0524,2501,1783,072O0784

1,466552

100.060.316.743.611.120.87.8

3.9.71.4.5

6,6493,6601,0822,5781,963614688

1,960342

100.055.016.338.810.329.55.1

2.8.61.8.3

1,8771,002187815

0O190471214

100.053.410.043.410.125.111.4

7.31.43.41.6

1,803682128554418136106869146

100.037.87.1

30.75.9

48.28.1

3.8.7

6.01.0

1 Not available.NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and



39



A-30. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment

(Percent distribution)

Reason, sex, and age

March 1994

Total unemployed

Thousandsof persons

8,874

4,5221,2493,2732,491

782832

2,993528

4,333

2,883836

2,0471,541

506388991

71

3,275

1,416320

1,095871224371

1,39296

1,266

22392

131795272

611360

"ercent

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

100.0

100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

Duration of unemployment

Less than5 weeks

27.9

25.133.821.820.027.433.530.130.8

23.2

22.427.620.318.924.632.222.6

9.5

28.9

26.142.321.419.429.231.831.029.2

41.5

52.460.246.947.246.649.140.335.4

5 to 14weeks

32.2

33.543.029.929.431.632.031.723.0

32.8

34.647.329.528.333.030.528.727.7

32.5

32.835.532.132.729.635.532.317.5

29.3

23.930.419.214.626.322.435.623.5

15 weeks and over

Trttali oiai

39.9

41.423.248.350.641.134.538.146.2

44.1

42.925.150.252.742.537.348.762.8

38.6

41.022.246.547.941.232.736.753.3

29.1

23.79.3

33.838.227.128.424.141.1

15 to 26weeks

18.5

20.619.620.921.419.520.515.316.5

20.1

20.821.620.520.620.121.618.112.0

17.8

20.617.321.522.218.918.214.523.7

15.0

17.69.3

23.528.416.125.812.515.5

27 weeksand over

21.4

20.83.6

27.429.221.614.022.929.7

24.0

22.13.5

29.732.222.415.730.650.8

20.8

20.44.9

25.025.722.314.522.229.6

14.1

6.0-

10.39.8

11.1-

11.725.6



















A-31. Unemployed total and full-time workers by duration of unemployment

Duration of unemployment

Total


Mar.1993

Mar.1994


Mar.1993

Mar.1994

Full-time workers


Mar.1993

Mar.1994


Mar.1993

Mar.1994


Less than 5 weeks5 to 14 weeks

5 to 10 weeks11 to 14 weeks

15 weeks and over15 to 26 weeks27 weeks and over


Average (mean) duration, in weeksMedian duration, in weeks

9,276

2,8322,8971,8471,0513,5461,6591,888

896992

18.510.4

8,874

2,4772,8551,7611,0943,5431,6451,898

8001,099

20.011.2

100.0

30.531.219.911.338.217.920.3

9.710.7

100.0

27.932.219.812.339.918.521.4

9.012.4

7,657

2,0122,4311,516

9153,2141,4731,741

805936

20.211.8

7,259

1,7702,3441,406

9383,1461,4511,695

698996

21.512.4

100.0

26.331.719.811.942.019.222.710.512.2

100.0

24.432.319.412.943.320.023.3

9.613.7



40



A-32. Unemployed persons by age, sex, race, marital status, and duration of unemployment

Sex, age, race, andmarital status

March 1994


TotalLessthan

5 weeks

5 to 14weeks

15 weeks and over

Total15 to 26weeks

27 weeksand over

Weeks

Average(mean)duration

Medianduration

TOTAL

Total, 16 years and over16 to 19 years20 to 24 years25 to 34 years35 to 44 years45 to 54 years55 to 64 years65 years and over

Men, 16 years and over16 to 19 years20 to 24 years25 to 34 years35 to 44 years45 to 54 years55 to 64 years65 years and over

Women, 16 years and over16 to 19 years20 to 24 years25 to 34 years35 to 44 years45 to 54 years55 to 64 years65 years and over

Race

White, 16 years and overMenWomen

Black, 16 years and overMenWomen

Marital status

Men, 16 years and over:Married, spouse presentWidowed, divorced, or separated ...Single (never married)

Women, 16 years and over:Married, spouse presentWidowed, divorced, or separated ...Single (never married)

8,8741,2661,4862,4201,9381,029

593143

5,064730884

1,3551,107

55934386

3,811536603

1,065831470250

57

6,6493,9242,726

1,803899904

2,040685

2,339

1,441885

1,484

2,47752645964846522711239

1,276272276326231965520

1,2012541833222341315719

1,9561,007

949

408t99210

448160668

518220463

2,85537152980164328817745

1,63121031044837715210430

1,2241612203532661367415

2,1071,266

841

641308333

694191746

370323531

3,543369498971830514303

59

2,15724829858149931018536

1,38612120038933120311823

2,5861,651

936

753392361

898334925

554343489

1,64519025947937719711428

9951251492752451147018

64965

110204131834510

1,230790440

315147168

420152423

260122267

1,89817923849245331718931

1,16212314930625419611518

7365689

1852001207413

1,356861496

438245193

478182502

294220222

20.013.516.319.821.125.629.822.0

21.515.316.921.421.529.633.624.1

17.911.015.417.920.520.724.60

19.421.117.0

21.623.219.9

22.326.719.3

17.721.416.1

11.27.09.9

11.712.114.515.110.0

12.28.59.9

12.613.117.216.310.4

9.95.2

10.010.310.411.813.70

10.712.09.0

12.312.911.6

12.714.111.2

9.910.79.4

1 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and



41



A-33. Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment

Occupation and Industry

March 1994


TotalLessthan

5 weeks

5 to 14weeks

15 weeks and over

Total15 to 26weeks

27 weeksand over

Weeks

Average(mean)duration

Medianduration

OCCUPATION

Managerial and professional specialtyTechnical, sales, and administrative supportService occupationsPrecision production, craft, and repairOperators, fabricators, and laborersFarming, forestry, and fishing

INDUSTRY1

AgricultureConstructionManufacturing


Transportation and public utilitiesWholesale and retail tradeFinance, insurance, and real estateServicesPublic administration

No previous work experience

9042,2421,4831,2351,978

455

3091,0201,362

738624428

2,131240

2,256194

528

24367344931954584

522533401831561236306268555

163

255731453426694156

1114184072091981437287970450

121

407838581490739214

1463496153462701637739986789

244

187353271268350117

82213277157120733294242044

87

22048531022238997

64136338189149904455744745

157

22.419.220.018.518.921.6

21.716.421.822.221.320.519.119.618.625.0

24.5

12.310.010.711.411.213.9

14.011.112.713.212.211.310.112.410.312.8

12.5

1 Includes wage and salary workers only.NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and



A-34. Persons not in the labor force by desire and availability for work, age, and sex

(In thousands)

Category

March 1994

Total

Age

16 to 24years

25 to 54years

55 yearsand over

Sex

Men Women

Total not in the labor forceDo not want a job now1

Want a job1

Did not search for work in previous year.Searched for work in previous year2

Not available to work nowAvailable to work now

Reason not currently looking:Discouragement over job prospects3

Reasons other than discouragementFamily responsibilitiesIn school or trainingIll health or disabilityOther4

66,49560,2376,2573,5662,691859

1,832

5331,299197351131619

11,8269,4982,3281,2551,073432641

1444964627714159

18,57615,6422,9341,6001,333366967

3016661417288365

36,09335,097

99671128460224

881361022995

24,04221,6002,4431,2701,173340833

3035292318758262

42,45338,6383,8152,2971,518519999

23076917416473357

1 Includes some persons who are not asked if they want a job.2 Persons who had a job in the prior 12 months must have searched since

the end of that job.3 Includes believes no work available, could not find work, lacks necessary

schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of

discrimination.4 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for

such reasons as child care and and transportation problems, as well as asmall number for which reason for non participation was not ascertained.

42



A-35. Multiple jobholders by selected demographic and economic characteristics


Characteristic

March 1994

Both sexes

Number Rate1

Men

Number

Women

Rate1 Number Rate1

AGE


16 to 19 years20 years and over20 to 24 years25 years and over

25 to 54 years55 years and over55 to 64 years65 years and over

RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN

WhiteBlackHispanic origin

MARITAL STATUS

Married, spouse presentWidowed, divorced, or separatedSingle (never married)

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Primary job full time, secondary job part timePrimary and secondary jobs both part timePrimary and secondary jobs both full timeHours vary on primary or secondary job

7,176219

6,956856

6,1005,575

525463

62

6,309660438

4,0831,1431,950

4,2611,642

2221,021

5.94.06.06.95.96.33.64.21.7

6.15.34.1

5.66.46.4

3,88971

3,818434

3,3853,094

29124743

3,416354274

2,470414

1,005

2,562518171628

6.02.66.16.76.16.53.64.12.1

6.15.84.3

6.06.05.9

3,287149

3,138423

2,7162,481

234216

19

2,893305164

1,612730945

1,6991,123

51394

5.95.45.97.15.76.13.54.312

6.14.73.9

5.16.67.0

1 Multiple jobholders as a percent of all employed persons in specifiedgroup.

2 Includes a small number of persons who work part time on theirprimary job and full time on their secondary jobs(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will notsum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presentedand Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

A-36. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age


Veteran statusand age

Civiliannoninstitutional

population

Mar.1993

Mar.1994


Total

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

Employed

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

Unemployed

Number

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

Percent oflabor force

Mar.1993

Mar.1994

VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS



55 years and over

NONVETERANS

Total, 40 to 54 years40 to 44 years45 to 49 years50 to 54 years

7,1166,3162,3892,8681,059

800

15,0876,6374,4913,960

7,4406,5702,0393,1731,358

870

15,8227,2174,6883,918

6,3565,8882,2412,673

974467

13,6206,1754,0573,388

6,5386,0541,8792,9501,226

483

14,2816,7154,2003,366

6,0195,5752.1022,558

916443

12,7135,8053,7643,145

6,2385,7701,7462,8451,179

468

13,5766,3733,9993,204

3373131391155824

907370294243

3002851331054715

705342201162

5.35.36.24.36.05.1

6.76.07.27.2

4.64.77.13.63.83.1

4.95.14.84.8

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in theArmed Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveteransare men who have never served in the Armed Forces. Data for 1994are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier years. For

additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population SurveyEffective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employmentand Earnings.

43


ESTABLISHMENT DATAHISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT

B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, 1943 to date

(In thousands)

Yearand

monthTotal Total

private

Goods-producing

Total Mining Construc-tion

Manufac-turing

Service-producing

Total

Transpor-tationand

publicutilities

Whole-saletrade

Retailtrade

Finance,insurance,

andreal

estate

Services

Government

Federal State Local

Annual averages

1943 ...1944 ...1945 ...1946 ...1947 ...1948 ...1949 ...

1950 ...1951 ...1952 ...1953 ...1954 ...1955 ...1956 ...1957 ...1958 ...19592 ..

1960 ...1961 ...1962 ...1963 ...1964 ...1965 ...1966 ...1967 ...1968 ...1969 ...

1970 ...1971 ...1972 ...1973 ...1974 ...1975 ...1976 ...1977 ...1978 ...1979 ...

1980 ...1981 ...1982 ...1983 ...1984 ...1985 ...1986 ...1987 ...1988 ...1989 ...

1990 ...1991 ...1992 ...1993 ...

1993:MarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctober ....NovemberDecember.

1994:JanuaryFebruary..MarchP

42,43441,86440,37441,65243,85744.86643,754

45,19747,81948,79350,20248,99050,64152,36952,85351,32453,268

54,18953.99955,54956.65358.28360,76563,90165,80367,89770,384

70,88071,21473,67576.79078,26576,94579,38282,47186,69789.823

90,40691,15289,54490,15294,40897,38799,344

101,958105,210107,895

109,419108,256108,519110,178

36.35635.82234.43136,05638.38239,21637,897

39,17041,43042,18543,55642,23843,72745,09145,23943,48345,186

45.83645,40446,66047,42948,68650,68953,11654,41356,05858,189

58.32558,33160,34163,05864,09562,25964,51167,34471,02673,876

74,16675,12173,70774,28278.38480,99282.65184,94887.82490,117

91,11589.85489,86691,336

20.11419,32817,50717,24818,50918.77417,565

18,50619,95920,19821.07419,75120,51321,10420,96419,51320,411

20,43419.85720.45120,64021,00521,92623,15823,30823.73724,361

23,57822,93523,66824,89324,79422,60023,35224,34625.58526,461

25,65625,49723.81223,33024,71824,84224,53324,67425,12525,254

24,90523,74523,14222,975

925892836862955994930

901929898866791792822828751732

712672650635634632627613606619

623609628642697752779813851958

1,0271,1391,128

952966927111717713692

709689631599

1,5871,1081,1471,6832,0092,1982,194

2,3642.6372,6682,6592,6462.8393,0392,9622,8173.004

2,9262,8592,9483,0103,0973,2323,3173,2483.3503,575

3,5883,7043,8894,0974,0203,5253,5763,8514,2294,463

4,3464,1883,9043,9464,3804,6684,8104,9585,0985,171

5,1204,6504,4714,574

17,60217,32815,52414,70315,54515.58214,441

15,24116,39316,63217,54916,31416,88217,24317,17415,94516,675

16,79616,32616.85316.99517,27418.06219,21419,44719,78120,167

19,36718,62319,15120.15420,07718,32318,99719,68220,50521,040

20,28520.17018,78018,43219,37219,24818,94718,99919,31419,391

19,07618,40618,04017,802

22,32022,53622,86724,40425,34826,09226,189

26.69127.86028,59529,12829,23930,12831,26631,88931,81132,857

33.75534,14235,09836.01337,27838,83940,74342,49544,16046,023

47,30248.27850,00751,89753,47154,34556,03058.12561,11363,363

64,74865,65565,73266,82169,69072,54474,81177,28480,08682,642

84,51484,51185,37787,203

3,6473,8293.9064,0614,1664,1894,001

4,0344,2264,2484,2904,0844,1414,2444,2413,9764,011

4,0043,9033,9063,9033,9514,0364,1584,2684,3184,442

4,5154,4764,5414,6564,7254,5424,5824,7134,9235,136

5.1465,1655,0814,9525,1565,2335,2475,3625,5145,625

5,7935,7625,7095,708

1,8281,8511.9552,2982,4182,6122,610

2,6432,7352,8212,8622,8752,9343,0273,0372,9893,092

3,1533,1423,2073,2583,3473,4773,6083,7003,7913.919

4,0064,0144,1274,2914,4474,4304,5624,7234,9855,221

5,2925,3755,2955,2835,5685,7275.7615,8486,0306,187

6,1736,0816,0456,113

5,1545,2085,3596,0776,4776,6596,654

6.7437,0077,1847,3857,3607,6017,8317,8487,7618,035

8,2388,1958,3598,5208,8129,2399,6379,906

10,30810,785

11,03411,33811,82212,31512,53912,63013,19313,79214,55614,972

15,01815,17115,15815,58716,51217,31517,88018.42219.02319,475

19,60119,28419,34619,743

1,4811,4611,4811,6751,7281,8001,828

1,8881.9562,0352,1112,2002,2982,3892,4382,4812.549

2,6282,6882,7542,8302,9112,9773,0583,1853,3373,512

3.6453,7723,9084,0464,1484,1654,2714,4674,7244,975

5,1605,2985,3405,4665,6845,9486,2736,5336,6306.668

6.7096,6466,5716,604

4,1304,1454,2224,6975,0255,1815,239

5,3565,5475,6995,8355,9696,2406,4976.7086,7657,087

7,3787,6197.9828,2778,6609,0369,498

10,04510,56711,169

11,54811,79712,27612,85713,44113,89214,55115,30216,25217,112

17,89018,61519,02119,66420,74621,92722,95724,11025,50426,907

27,93428,33629,05330,192

2,9052,9282,8082.2541.8921,8631,908

1,9282,3022,4202,3052.1882,1872,2092,2172,1912,233

2,2702,2792,3402,3582.3482,3782,5642.7192,7372.758

2,7312,6962,6842,6632.7242,7482,7332,7272,7532,773

2,8662,7722,7392,7742,8072,8752,8992,9432,9712,988

3,0852,9662,9692,915

(1)0O00(1)(1)

(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)

1,1681,2501,3281,4151,484

1,5361,6071,6681.7471,8561,9962,1412,3022,4422,533

2,6642,7472,8592,9233,0393,1793,2733,3773,4743,541

3,6103,6403,6403,6623,7343,8323,8933,9674,0764,182

4,3054.3554,4034,467

Monthly data, seasonally adjusted

109,565109.820110,058110,101110,338110,305110,502110,664110,880111,110

111,079111,277111,733

90,77791,02091,23991,27891,49791,47891,58091,76191,97692,156

92,15092,35092,772

23.01622,98023,00622,94122,94822,90322,88622.93422,99423,008

23,02423,01823,101

600600602596595592596596595605

602601598

4,4814,5174,5774,5744,5934.5934,5924,6294,6644,665

4,6534,6434,717

17.93517,86317,82717,77117,76017,71817,69817,70917,73517,738

17,76917,77417,786

O(1)O(1)(1)0

()O

3,5583,8194,0714,2324,366

4,5474,7084,8815,1215,3925,7006,0806,3716,6606,904

7,1587,4377,7908,1468,4078,7588,8659,0239,4469,633

9,7659.6199,4589,4349,4829,6879,901

10,10010,33910,609

10,91411,08111,28111,459

86,54986,84087,05287,16087,39087,40287,61687,73087.88688,102

88,05588,25988,632

5,7245,7205,7195,7115,7095,6905,6925,6935,7005,697

5,7085,7165,737

6,1036,1106,1256,1106,1266,1076,1176,1226,1296,133

6,1566,1746,184

19,60419,64819,70219,75119,79019,79519,83619,84619,85319,949

19,92319,98620,060

6,5746,5856.5886,5906,6046.6026,6166,6326,6516,660

6,6566,6646,675

29,75629.97730,09930,17530,32030,38130,43330,53430,64930,709

30,68330,79231,015

2,9382,9232,9122,9012,8962,9062,9012,9012,8962,918

2,8972,8862,880

4,4434,4584,4624,4514,4774,4714,5074.4884.4864.498

4,4724.4904,499

11,40711,41911,44511,47111,46811,45011.51411,51411,52211,538

11,56011.55111,582

1 Not available.2 Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning in 1959. This inclusion resulted in an

increase of 212,000 (0.4 percent) in the nonfarm total for the March 1959 benchmarkmonth.

p = preliminary.

44

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March 1992benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusteddata (beginning April 1992) and all seasonally adjusted data (beginning January1989) are subject to revision.


ESTABLISHMENT DATAHISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS

B-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarmpayrolls by major industry, 1964 to date

Year andmonth

Total private1

Weeklyhours

Hourlyearnings

Weeklyearnings

Mining

Weeklyhours

Hourlyearnings

Weeklyearnings

Construction

Weeklyhours

Hourlyearnings

Weeklyearnings

Annual averages

196419651966196719681969

1970197119721973197419751976197719781979

1980198119821983198419851986198719881989

1990199119921993

1993:MarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctoberNovember.December.

1994:JanuaryFebruaryp ..Marchp

38.738.838.638.037.837.7

37.136.937.036.936.536.136.136.035.835.7

35.335.234.835.035.234.934.834.834.734.6

34.534.334.434.5

$2.362.462.562.682.853.04

3.233.453.703.944.244.534.865.255.696.16

6.667.257.688.028.328.578.768.989.289.66

10.0110.3210.5810.83

$91.3395.4598.82101.84107.73114.61

119.83127.31136.90145.39154.76163.53175.45189.00203.70219.91

235.10255.20267.26280.70292.86299.09304.85312.50322.02334.24

345.35353.98363.95373.64

41.942.342.742.642.643.0

42.742.442.642.441.941.942.443.443.443.0

43.343.742.742.543.343.442.242.442.343.0

44.144.443.944.2

$2.812.923.053.193.353.60

3.854.064.444.755.235.956.466.947.678.49

9.1710.0410.7711.2811.6311.9812.4612.5412.8013.26

13.6814.1914.5414.60

$117.74123.52130.24135.89142.71154.80

164.40172.14189.14201.40219.14249.31273.90301.20332.88365.07

397.06438.75459.88479.40503.58519.93525.81531.70541.44570.18

603.29630.04638.31645.32

37.237.437.637.737.337.9

37.337.236.536.836.636.436.836.536.837.0

37.036.936.737.137.837.737.437.837.937.9

38.238.138.038.4

$3.553.703.894.114.414.79

5.245.696.066.416.817.317.718.108.669.27

9.9410.8211.6311.9412.1312.3212.4812.7113.0813.54

13.7714.0014.1514.35

Monthly data, not seasonally adjusted

34.034.234.634.634.835.134.534.634.534.7

34.334.034.4

$10.7910.7910.8210.7610.7510.7810.9110.9410.9610.97

11.0611.0611.05

$366.86369.02374.37372.30374.10378.38376.40378.52378.12380.66

379.36376.04380.12

42.943.744.344.144.144.944.545.544.744.6

44.143.644.1

$14.7114.8814.7214.5914.4814.4314.5314.4614.4314.66

15.0514.8414.85

$631.06650.26652.10643.42638.57647.91646.59657.93645.02653.84

663.71647.02654.89

37.437.839.239.339.539.738.339.338.638.2

37.036.038.2

$14.2714.2514.3114.2314.3514.4314.5114.5314.4414.44

14.3814.4314.42

$132.06138.38146.26154.95164.49181.54

195.45211.67221.19235.89249.25266.08283.73295.65318.69342.99

367.78399.26426.82442.97458.51464.46466.75480.44495.73513.17

526.01533.40537.70551.04

$533.70538.65560.95559.24566.83572.87555.73571.03557.38551.61

532.06519.48550.84


45



B-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarmpayrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued

Year andmonth

196419651966 . . . .1967 . .19681969

1970197119721973197419751976197719781979

1980 . .198119821983198419851986198719881989

1990199119921993


1994:JanuaryFebruary** .March"

Manufacturing

Weeklyhours

Hourlyearnings

Hourlyearnings,excludingovertime

Weeklyearnings


Weeklyhours

Hourlyearnings

Weeklyearnings

Wholesale trade

Weeklyhours

Hourlyearnings

Weeklyearnings

Annual averages

40.741.241.440.640.740.6

39.839.940.540.740.039.540.140.340.440.2

39.739.838.940.140.740.540.741.041.141.0

40.840.741.041.4

$2.532.612.712.823.013.19

3.353.573.824.094.424.835.225.686.176.70

7.277.998.498.839.199.549.739.91

10.1910.48

10.8311.1811.4611.76

$2.432.502.592.712.883.05

3.233.453.663.914.254.675.025.445.916.43

7.027.728.258.528.829.169.349.489.73

10.02

10.3710.7110.9511.20

$102.97107.53112.19114.49122.51129.51

133.33142.44154.71166.46176.80190.79209.32228.90249.27269.34

288.62318.00330.26354.08374.03386.37396.01406.31418.81429.68

441.86455.03469.86486.86

41.141.341.240.540.640.7

40.540.140.440.540.239.739.839.940.039.9

39.639.439.039.039.439.539.239.238.838.9

38.938.738.939.7

$2.893.033.113.233.423.63

3.854.214.655.025.415.886.456.997.578.16

8.879.70

10.3210.7911.1211.4011.7012.0312.2612.60

12.9713.2213.4613.64

$118.78125.14128.13130.82138.85147.74

155.93168.82187.86203.31217.48233.44256.71278.90302.80325.58

351.25382.18402.48420.81438.13450.30458.64471.58475.69490.14

504.53511.61523.59541.51

40.740.840.740.340.140.2

39.939.439.439.238.838.638.738.838.838.8

38.438.538.338.538.538.438.338.138.138.0

38.138.138.238.2

$2.522.602.732.873.043.23

3.433.643.854.074.384.725.025.395.886.39

6.957.558.088.548.889.159.349.599.98

10.39

10.7911.1511.3911.71

$102.56106.08111.11115.66121.90129.85

136.86143.42151.69159.54169.94182.19194.27209.13228.14247.93

266.88290.68309.46328.79341.88351.36357.72365.38380.24394.82

411.10424.82435.10447.32


40.940.941.341.441.041.541.541.842.042.4

41.540.941.9

$11.6411.7111.7211.7311.7311.7111.8611.8111.8812.01

11.9712.0212.01

$11.1411.1911.1811.1711.1911.1411.2511.2111.2711.37

11.3911.4411.40

$476.08478.94484.04485.62480.93485.97492.19493.66498.96509.22

496.76491.62503.22

39.239.239.839.740.040.439.839.939.839.9

39.639.639.7

$13.6313.6113.5713.5813.6513.6513.7013.6813.7113.75

13.8413.8713.88

$534.30533.51540.09539.13546.00551.46545.26545.83545.66548.63

548.06549.25551.04

37.838.038.438.338.338.438.138.338.238.3

38.237.938.1

$11.5911.7011.7311.6411.7111.7311.7811.8011.7911.84

11.9411.9211.86

$438.10444.60450.43445.81448.49450.43448.82451.94450.38453.47

456.11451.77451.87


46



B-2. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarmpayrolls by major industry, 1964 to date—Continued

Year andmonth

Retail trade

Weeklyhours

Hourlyearnings

Weeklyearnings

Finance, insurance,and real estate

Weeklyhours

Hourlyearnings

Weeklyearnings

Services

Weeklyhours

Hourlyearnings

Weeklyearnings

Annual averages

196419651966196719681969

1970197119721973197419751976197719781979

1980198119821983198419851986198719881989

1990199119921993

1993:MarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctoberNovember,December.

1994:JanuaryFebruary" ..Marchp

37.036.635.935.334.734.2

33.833.733.433.132.732.432.131.631.030.6

30.230.129.929.829.829.429.229.229.128.9

28.828.628.828.8

$1.751.821.912.012.162.30

2.442.602.752.913.143.363.573.854.204.53

4.885.255.485.745.855.946.036.126.316.53

6.756.947.137.29

$64.7566.6168.5770.9574.9578.66

82.4787.6291.8596.32102.68108.86114.60121.66130.20138.62

147.38158.03163.85171.05174.33174.64176.08178.70183.62188.72

194.40198.48205.34209.95

37.337.237.337.137.037.1

36.736.636.636.636.536.536.436.436.436.2

36.236.336.236.236.536.436.436.335.935.8

35.835.735.835.7

$2.302.392.472.582.752.93

3.073.223.363.533.774.064.274.544.895.27

5.796.316.787.297.637.948.368.739.069.53

9.9710.3910.8211.32

$85.7988.9192.1395.72

101.75108.70

112.67117.85122.98129.20137.61148.19155.43165.26178.00190.77

209.60229.05245.44263.90278.50289.02304.30316.90325.25341.17

356.93370.92387.36404.12

36.135.935.535.134.734.7

34.433.933.933.833.633.533.333.032.832.7

32.632.632.632.732.632.532.532.532.632.6

32.532.432.532.5

$1.942.052.172.292.422.61

2.813.043.273.473.754.024.314.654.995.36

5.856.416.927.317.597.908.188.498.889.38

9.8310.2310.5510.81


27.828.528.929.129.629.728.928.828.629.3

28.228.128.5

$7.287.277.287.267.247.247.327.367.367.36

7.457.457.44

$202.38207.20210.39211.27214.30215.03211.55211.97210.50215.65

210.09209.35212.04

35.535.736.235.635.636.435.635.735.635.7

36.335.835.7

$11.1711.2111.3411.2011.2411.3511.3811.4811.5211.60

11.7411.7111.67

$396.54400.20410.51398.72400.14413.14405.13409.84410.11414.12

426.16419.22416.62

32.332.332.732.632.833.132.332.432.532.4

32.632.332.4

$10.8110.7710.7810.6810.6410.6810.8510.8910.9511.01

11.0911.0811.06

$70.0373.6077.0480.3883.9790.57

96.66103.06110.85117.29126.00134.67143.52153.45163.67175.27

190.71208.97225.59239.04247.43256.75265.85275.93289.49305.79

319.48331.45342.88351.33

$349.16347.87352.51348.17348.99353.51350.46352.84355.88356.72

361.53357.88358.34

1 Data relate to production workers in mining andmanufacturing; construction workers in construction; andnonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities;wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate;and services.

p = preliminary.NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently

projected from March 1992 benchmark levels. When morerecent benchmark data are introduced, all unadjusted datafrom April 1992 forward are subject to revision.

47


ESTABLISHMENT DATAEMPLOYMENTSEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and selected component groups, seasonally adjusted

(In thousands)

Industry1993


1994

Jan. Feb.p Mar.p

Total

Total private

Goods-producing

Mining1

Oil and gas extraction

Construction1

General building contractors

Manufacturing

Durable goodsLumber and wood productsFurniture and fixturesStone, clay, and glass productsPrimary metal industries

Blast furnaces and basic steelproducts

Fabricated metal productsIndustrial machinery and equipment...Electronic and other electrical

equipmentTransportation equipment

Motor vehicles and equipmentAircraft and parts

Instruments and related productsMiscellaneous manufacturing

Nondurable goodsFood and kindred productsTobacco productsTextile mill productsApparel and other textile productsPaper and allied productsPrinting and publishingChemicals and allied productsPetroleum and coal productsRubber and misc. plastics products....Leather and leather products

Service-producing

Transportation and public utilitiesTransportation

Trucking and warehousingTransportation by air

Communications and public utilities

Wholesale tradeDurable goodsNondurable goods

Retail trade1

General merchandise storesFood stores ,Automotive dealers and service

stationsApparel and accessory storesEating and drinking places


109,565

90,777

23,016

600334

4,4811,049

17,935

10,144690480513682

2411,3201,904

1,5251,771

827563896363

7,7911,658

48669992684

1,5031,078

156886117

86,549

5,7243,5131,627

7352,211

6,1033,4822,621

19,6042,3943,198

2,0181,1436,743

109,820

91,020

22,980

600335

4,5171,062

17,863

10,090683480511678

2401,3161,904

1,5191,743

810558892364

7,7731,651

48670987682

1,5031,074

156886116

86,840

5,7203,5131,629

7372,207

6,1103,4882,622

19,6482,3783,199

2,0211,1386,803

110,058

91,239

23,006

602338

4,5771,067

17,827

10,047678482512678

2391,3101,902

1,5131,723

803550886363

7,7801,650

48670988682

1,5061,077

156887116

87,052

5,7193,5151,630

7362,204

6,1253,4892,636

19,7022,3683,205

2,0261,1446,843

110,101

91,278

22,941

596340

4,5741,063

17,771

10,011677481511673

2371,3061,900

1,5081,712

804541880363

7,7601,646

48667983681

1,5031,075

155887115

87,160

5,7113,5101,624

7352,201

6,1103,4882,622

19,7512,3563,220

2,0291,145

110,338

91,497

22,948

595346

4,5931,060

17,760

9,996678482511672

2371,3041,898

1,5061,706

807534876363

7,7641,645

47668979680

1,5061,076

155891117

87,390

5,7093,5141,632

7322,195

6,1263,4972,629

19,7902,3663,217

2,0331,1446,892

110,305

91,478

22,903

592351

4,5931,050

17,718

9,974680479511670

2361,3031,891

1,5061,700

812528874360

7,7441,651

45663973678

1,5071,072

154886115

87,402

5,6903,4971,631

7282,193

6,1073,4882,619

19,7952,3593,226

2,0401,1456,902

110,502

91,580

22,886

596352

4,5921,050

17,698

9,974683479512671

2361,3041,893

1,5071,696

814527869360

7,7241,640

45662969678

1,5071,072

154883114

87,616

5,6923,5031,630

7322,189

6,1173,4972,620

19,8362,3643,220

2,0461,1436,927

110,664

91,761

22,934

596351

4,6291,062

17,709

9,988690480513672

2361,3071,892

1,5091,697

823521868360

7,7211,652

45663962676

1,5031,068

154883115

87,730

5,6933,5051,631

7292,188

6,1223,4992,623

19,8462,3653,228

2,0531,1356,929

110,880

91,976

22,994

595349

4,6641,078

17,735

10,013694482513676

2381,3131,897

1,5151,698

827514865360

7,7221,649

47662959675

1,5051,066

155889115

87,886

5,7003,5171,638

7312,183

6,1293,5052,624

19,8532,3613,213

2,0621,1306,950

111,110

92,156

23,008

605344

4,6651,085

17,738

10,028699485514675

2361,3151,897

1,5181,703

842505861361

7,7101,644

46662951676

1,5051,065

153892116

88,102

5,6973,5211,629

7392,176

6,1333,5122,621

19,9492,3573,218

2,0751,1476,993

111,079

92,150

23,024

602341

4,6531,083

17,769

10,061705487517676

2371,3251,901

1,5161,713875499859362

7,7081,642

44662950677

1,5081,059152898116

88,055

5,7083,5291,643736

2,179

6,1563,5252,631

19,9232,3323,222

2,0801,1266,990

111,277

92,350

23,018

601339

4,6431,068

17,774

10,067706486516678

2371,3241,906

1,5221,713

867492856360

7,7071,647

44664947676

1,5091,053

151902114

88,259

5,7163,5401,653

7372,176

6,1743,5362,638

19,9862,3473,234

2,0971,1266,968

111,733

92,772

23,101

598337

4,7171,090

17,786

10,074703487518677

2341,3301,911

1,5281,707

863488853360

7,7121,652

44666945675

1,5101,051

151904114

88,632

5,7373,5651,663

7402,172

6,1843,5402,644

20,0602,3663,246

2,1081,1297,000

48


ESTABLISHMENT DATAEMPLOYMENT

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and selected component groups, seasonally adjusted—Continued

(In thousands)

Industry1993


1994

Jan. Feb.p Mar.p

Finance, insurance, and real estateFinance

Depository institutionsInsuranceReal estate

Services1

Agricultural servicesHotels and other lodging placesPersonal servicesBusiness services

Personnel supply servicesAuto repair, services, and parkingMiscellaneous repair servicesMotion picturesAmusement and recreation services ....Health services

HospitalsLegal servicesEducational servicesSocial servicesMuseums and botanical and zoological

gardensMembership organizationsEngineering and management services

GovernmentFederalStateLocal

6,5743,1852,1112,1091,280

29,756494

1,5631,0865,5981,874

906352416

1,1488,7843,811

9281,7362,032

731,9512,503

18,7882,9384,443

11,407

6,5853,1952,1132,1081,282

29,977505

1,5641,0915,6651,921

915353417

1,2068,8193,813

9301,7422,045

751,9562,509

18,8002,9234,458

11,419

6,5883,1972,1102,1101,281

30,099509

1,5721,1215,6961,941

921354415

1,2008,8473,825

9311,7452,050

761,9552,522

18,8192,9124,462

11,445

6,59013,20112.107J2,1121,277

30,175510

1,5801,1235,7211,954

927356414

1,1988,8613,819

9291,7352,068

761,9652,527

18,8232,9014,451

11,471

6,6043,2142,1192,1141,276

30,320512

1,5841,1265,7721,997

931355415

1,2098,8853,822

9291,7522,098

761,9642,528

18,8412,8964,477

11,468

6,6023,2152,1162,1141,273

30,381516

1,5771,1235,8002,012

937355421

1,2128,9023,820

9301,7472,110

771,9632,527

18,8272,9064,471

11,450

6,6163,2262,1172,1131,277

30,433524

1,5841,1145,8142,015

942356428

1,1948,9333,821

9331,7572,092

771,9622,540

18,9222,9014,507

11,514

6,6323,2422,1222,1111,279

30,534527

1,5961,1165,9022,085

942358426

1,1728,9613,818

9321,7552,086

781,9642,536

18,9032,9014,488

11,514

6,6513,2532,1252,1141,284

30,649535

1,5861,1155,9452,108

951360422

1,1748,9853,818

9331,7702,099

781,9692,544

18,9042,8964,486

11,522

6,6603,2622,1262,1131,285

30,709539

1,5871,1105,9762,140

962361426

1,1738,9973,816

9301,7682,109

781,9682,542

18,9542,9184,498

11,538

6,6563,2662,1262,1051,285

30,683540

1,5941,1005,9752,148

967366424

1,1349,0173,816

9321,7602,112

771,9712,530

18,9292,8974,472

11,560

6,6643,2762,1272,1031,285

30,792524

1,5891,0946,0282,181

977369429

1,1589,0333,816

9341,7692,120

771,9692,538

18,9272,8864,490

11,551

6,6753,2862,1342,1011,288

31,015520

1,6021,0926,1022,224

992369435

1,1909,0783,820

9321,7862,131

781,9812,542

18,9612,8804,499

11,582

1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.p = preliminary.NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from

March 1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data areintroduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1989 forward aresubject to revision.

49


ESTABLISHMENT DATAWOMEN EMPLOYEESSEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-4. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted

(In thousands)

Industry1993

Jan. Feb. Mar., Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1994

Jan.

Total

Total private

Goods-producing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Durable goodsLumber and wood productsFurniture and fixturesStone, clay, and glass productsPrimary metal industriesFabricated metal productsIndustrial machinery and equipmentElectronic and other electrical equipmentTransportation equipmentInstruments and related productsMiscellaneous manufacturing

Nondurable goodsFood and kindred productsTobacco productsTextile mill productsApparel and other textile productsPaper and allied productsPrinting and publishingChemicals and allied productsPetroleum and coal productsRubber and misc. plastics productsLeather and leather products

Service-producing

Transportation and public utilities

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Finance, insurance, and real estate

Services


52,816

42,690

6,492

90

506

5,896

2,70011214510292

291419640363371165

3,19653516

3207701686643362529864

46,324

1,677

1,868

10,331

4,169

18,153

10,1261,2212,2166,689

52,937

42,791

6,498

88

510

5,900

2,70011214610392292419642359370165

3,20053616

3207691686663362529965

46,439

1,679

1,869

10,381

4,166

18,198

10,1461,2222,2186,706

52,943

42,784

6,489

87

507

5,895

2,69511314610291291420642356368166

3,20053615

3197701676663372530065

46,454

1,680

1,869

10,348

4,162

18,236

10,1591,2202,2206,719

53,103

42,937

6,472

87

507

5,878

2,68311214510291290418640353366166

3,19553516

3207661666663362530065

46,631

1,678

1,874

10,370

4,170

18,373

10,1661,2162,2236,727

53,254

43,075

6,461

87

506

5,868

2,67111014510191288418639351363165

3,19753516

3207661666673372530164

46,793

1,679

1,876

10,405

4,178

18,476

10,1791,2122,2266,741

53,307

43,103

6,433

86

508

5,839

2,66011014610191287415637347361165

3,17953116

3187591656663362529964

46,874

1,681

1,867

10,431

4,178

18,513

10,2041,2072,2236,774

53,468

43,210

6,432

87

511

5,834

2,65011114610190287412635345358165

3,18453015

3187621666663372430165

47,036

1,680

1,871

10,451

4,189

18,587

10,2581,2002,2436,815

53,433

43,193

6,404

87

510

5,807

2,64211114510190286410635345356163

3,16553214

3157501656693352429863

47,029

1,674

1,862

10,441

4,192

18,620

10,2401,2052,2426,793

53,505

43,261

6,390

86

512

5,792

2,64011214510190286411635343354163

3,15252215

3157471646683352529863

47,115

1,675

1,866

10,459

4,200

18,671

10,2441,2042,2506,790

53,567

43,336

6,389

87

513

5,789

2,64211314510291287410637341353163

3,14753115

3157391636663342429763

47,178

1,679

1,874

10,467

4,201

18,726

10,2311,2032,2456,783

53,658

43,428

6,401

87

515

5,799

2,64611414710191288410638342352163

3,15353215

3137381646683352430064

47,257

1,683

1,876

10,472

4,217

18,779

10,2301,2032,2436,784

53,790

43,509

6,394

87

516

5,791

2,64811514710091289410640343351162

3,14352915

3137301646683352530064

47,396

1,679

1,876

10,521

4,223

18,816

10,2811,2132,2496,819

53,726

43,453

6,395

86

517

5,792

2,65211614810192291409638345350162

3,14052814

3147261646693332530265

47,331

1,679

1,882

10,493

4,219

18,785

10,2731,2042,2306,839

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,

all seasonally adjusted data from January 1989 forward are subject to revision.

50



SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-5. Production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonallyadjusted

(In thousands)

Industry1993


1994

Jan. Feb.p Mar.1

Total private....

Goods-producing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing


Blast furnaces and basic steel productsFabricated metal productsIndustrial machinery and equipmentElectronic and other electrical equipmentTransportation equipment

Motor vehicles and equipmentInstruments and related productsMiscellaneous manufacturing


Service-producing


Wholesale trade

Retail trade


Services

73,827

16,088

424

3,433

12,231

6,783569379397520184973

1,147973

1,125639439261

5,4481,212

36569834517832565103686

94

57,739

4,794

4,923

17,274

4,769

25,979

74,014

16,068

423

3,467

12,178

6,745561379393516183969

1,148970

1,109625438262

5,4331,206

36571828514832565103685

93

57,946

4,792

4,924

17,302

4,767

26,161

74,291

16,115

426

3,534

12,155

6,718557381394516183966

1,148967

1,096619432261

5,4371,203

36571829515833568103686

93

58,176

4,790

4,935

17,371

4,775

26,305

74,296

16,064

421

3,528

12,115

6,696556380393513181964

1,150963

1,087617430260

5,4191,199

36568823515832ODD102685

93

58,232

4,783

4,922

17,396

4,781

26,350

74,503

16,074

420

3,548

12,106

6,684557380394511180961

1,150962

1,082618427260

5,4221,199

35568819514833570102688

94

58,429

4,784

4,938

17,420

4,797

26,490

74,493

16,032

417

3,544

12,071

6,668559377393510179962

1,144959

1,081620426257

5,4031,206

33563813512832567101684

92

58,461

4,763

4,927

17,430

4,800

26,541

74,577

16,039

421

3,544

12,074

6,682562379394511180963

1,148962

1,081621424258

5,3921,195

34563812511831571101683

91

58,538

4,761

4,932

17,446

4,814

26,585

74,779

16,089

419

3,579

12,091

6,702569379396512181966

1,152966

1,081626423258

5,3891,206

34564805510828571100679

92

58,690

4,771

4,939

17,462

4,828

26,690

74,956

16,156

418

3,611

12,127

6,725572382396516182972

1,156969

1,084631421257

5,4021,207

36562805510828574101687

92

58,800

4,776

4,944

17,474

4,841

26,765

75,079

16,171

430

3,602

12,139

6,749576384397515181975

1,161976

1,087644420258

5,3901,203

345637975108275759969092

58,908

4,758

4,949

17,531

4,853

26,817

75,054

16,174

426

3,570

12,178

6,786582385400517181982

1,166972

1,105676419258

5,3921,201

335647955118295739869692

58,880

4,774

4,964

17,509

4,847

26,786

75,287

16,204

425

3,576

12,203

6,804584385398521181984

1,174979

1,104672418257

5,3991,206

335657945118305709870191

59,083

4,783

4,984

17,575

4,853

26,888

75,644

16,281

422

3,644

12,215

6,812581385401520178985

1,177985

1,104665417257

5,4031,211

345677915118305699870191

59,363

4,804

4,985

17,621

4,866

27,087

1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers intransportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance,and real estate; and services.

p = preliminary.NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March

1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,all seasonally adjusted data from January 1989 forward are subject to revision.

51


ESTABLISHMENT DATADIFFUSION INDEXESSEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-6. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted

(Percent)

Time span Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

Private nonfarm payrolls, 356 industries1

Over 1-month span:19901991199219931994

Over 3-month span:19901991199219931994

Over 6-month span:19901991199219931994

Over 12-month span:19901991199219931994

Over 1-month span:19901991199219931994

Over 3-month span:19901991199219931994

Over 6-month span:19901991199219931994

Over 12-month span:19901991199219931994

59.039.241.958.155.8

59.033.840.761.8

P59.1

58.730.245.459.7

55.531.047.852.5

57.439.945.659.7

P 57.0

59.832.444.560.8

P64.2

55.233.047.158.3

52.731.043.052.4

52.140.251.151.0

P 61.9

53.932.051.858.7

55.331.947.558.3

51.731.742.353.4

49.236.755.953.8

48.939.056.056.2

51.333.751.757.7

48.531.942.756.6

49.950.052.556.9

48.038.952.952.4

46.939.351.349.7

45.431.745.858.8

51.343.745.246.5

47.243.850.455.1

43.443.748.951.1

42.633.847.259.7

45.947.652.257.9

46.248.044.846.5

40.446.247.352.9

39.335.849.360.5

44.152.945.544.4

40.649.447.852.8

38.645.245.655.9

36.137.554.2

P59.6

42.748.052.757.2

36.950.347.351.8

36.046.948.958.7

35.840.053.1

P61.7

40.946.952.453.9

35.544.552.061.9

33.343.851.857.0

33.044.951.3

41.746.152.061.0

35.542.654.260.0

32.041.657.7

P61.0

33.045.552.1

40.345.254.856.0

35.340.357.260.3

31.041.256.6

P63.9

30.646.351.5

Manufacturing payrolls, 139 industries1

48.933.837.453.254.7

45.723.733.555.0

P54.0

46.014.734.950.7

37.816.541.036.3

48.634.241.454.7

P52.9

47.122.338.557.6

P 57.9

41.420.934.546.0

35.316.233.537.4

44.633.547.847.5

P53.2

46.419.843.545.7

42.421.636.045.0

33.517.331.336.0

47.536.349.636.3

39.633.545.042.1

41.725.542.843.9

33.118.027.741.4

40.346.445.750.7

40.335.641.734.2

35.634.539.632.7

28.120.931.342.8

44.642.141.038.5

38.138.844.644.2

32.438.836.029.9

26.324.134.545.7

40.345.350.450.7

36.045.735.632.4

28.142.430.238.5

23.726.335.649.3

39.651.837.137.1

29.146.037.139.2

25.240.331.741.0

20.530.641.4

P47.5

35.641.746.848.2

29.148.629.938.8

21.941.034.247.8

19.432.741.7

P48.9

38.147.139.649.3

22.738.839.954.0

21.238.137.448.9

16.537.837.1

29.141.450.455.8

23.037.442.855.4

18.334.548.6

P55.4

16.236.738.1

34.540.347.151.8

22.333.151.456.5

17.634.249.6

P56.1

15.836.736.3

1 Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans andunadjusted data for the 12-month span. Data are centered within the span.

p = preliminary.NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus

one half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent

indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasingemployment. Establishment survey estimates are currently projected fromMarch 1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data areintroduced, all unadjusted data (beginning April 1992) and all seasonallyadjusted data (beginning January 1989) are subject to revision.

52


ESTABLISHMENT DATASTATE EMPLOYMENT

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted

(In thousands)

StateFeb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1994

Jan. Feb.?

Total1

AlabamaAlaskaArizonaArkansasCaliforniaColoradoConnecticutDelawareDistrict of ColumbiaFloridaGeorgia

HawaiiIdahoIllinoisIndianaIowaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMaineMaryland

MassachusettsMichiganMinnesotaMississippiMissouriMontanaNebraskaNevadaNew HampshireNew Jersey

New MexicoNew YorkNorth CarolinaNorth DakotaOhioOklahomaOregonPennsylvaniaRhode IslandSouth Carolina

South DakotaTennesseeTexasUtahVermontVirginiaWashingtonWest VirginiaWisconsinWyoming


1,705.0251.2

1,545.6981.7

12,062.41,641.81,537.9

346.5672.9

5,486.63,061.0

540.2428.1

5,293.12,595.61,265.01,124.41,534.91,644.4

514.32,093.1

2,817.83,982.22,222.1

984.22,365.6

321.8754.9655.8496.1

3,478.2

615.77,736.03,196.8

282.14,896.01,237.11,299.35,112.3

427.01,553.3

312.22,302.67,398.9

791.1255.4

2,893.92,237.1

645,72,397.1

207.9

1,705.3251.4

1,552.3983.5

12,047.21,649.31,532.2

344.3672.5

5,495.33,061.5

540.3428.0

5,291.82,594.61,267.21,126.71,534.01,645.1

515.82,084.9

2,813.13,983.22,228.2

987.62,367.0

322.6756.3659.2495.0

3,466.6

618.47,719.43,200.6

282.64,884.71,238.21,302.65,095.8

426.01,556.0

312.92,303.37,412.1

793.9255.4

2,890.42,240.4

645.52,398.8

207.3

1,713.0250.5

1,565.3986.3

12,029.21,658.81,528.8

346.8673.7

5,542.53,083.0

541.6431.1

5,299.82,577.21,270.71,128.31,533.11,641.6

517.92,096.8

2,828.73,977.22,233.7

991.42,386.7

324.5762.2661.3499.8

3,484.4

622.17,733.73,222.7

283.74,902.61,238.91,305.85,111.3

426.91,567.7

312.02,314.67,432.7

795.4256.3

2,902.22,246.9

649.92,395.1

208.5

1,710.1250.0

1,566.8987.2

12,020.81,656.41,529.2

347.0669.9

5,546.03,082.0

542.1433.6

5,307.12,571.61,274.51,130.41,533.61,638.6

519.62,100.9

2,831.13,975.32,235.1

995.42,392.2

324.7760.9661.7500.3

3,489.2

622.67,738.83,233.3

284.44,907.31,238.91,305.15,117.3

428.51,566.6

311.72,317.57,438.4

798.2257.0

2,909.12,245.7

648.52,402.6

208.6

1,714.0251.5

1,577.4988.7

12,010.31,663.71,525.2

347.2666.9

5,562.33,087.4

541.8434.7

5,303.32,581.11,279.31,136.61,536.31,637.8

518.92,098.2

2,834.63,969.02,237.4

997.92,399.3

326.0761.3666.2501.4

3,492.3

625.57,733.03,243.9

284.14,905.81,243.91,309.15,107.9

430.01,571.3

313.82,323.17,453.9

801.7257.3

2,913.12,251.0

648.72,401.4

210.0

1,711.8253.3

1,580.0993.4

12,012.01,676.51,528.6

349.1671.0

5,582.23,117.2

541.2438.4

5,325.72,581.61,277.11,140.81,535.61,643.2

519.12,101.4

2,857.23,983.42,240.11,001.12,401.8

328.9766.7669.6504.1

3,492.8

624.77,752.93,262.9

285.74,902.91,248.51,313.65,112.5

431.51,578.4

314.12,331.57,510.5

806.4256.3

2,930.82,254.6

644.32,410.7

209.8

1,715.7253.7

1,582.7995.0

11,990.41,678.21,525.4

348.8667.4

5,597.73,126.5

539.1439.5

5,329.72,584.01,282.01,135.51,535.91,645.3

520.32,102.5

2,860.33,977.52,239.91,009.22,408.2

330.1768.3674.9503.1

3,496.7

626.97,743.53,270.8

286.04,907.91,246.81,313.55,108.3

431.81,579.2

316.42,336.87,532.8

809.6256.0

2,932.02,254.2

651.92,413.6

208.4

1,718.0254.1

1,589.0993.8

11,969.81,678.01,528.7

350.6667.4

5,612.13,138.8

538.3440.9

5,335.72,589.41,285.21,145.01,538.51,644.2

519.82,108.5

2,866.23,991.72,243.51,005.02,416.3

329.6768.1679.1501.4

. 3,502.1

628.67,737.93,270.7

287.24,912.11,241.61,319.95,115.0

431.81,578.8

316.82,342.17,550.3

813.3256.8

2,938.42,266.5

655.72,416.8

210.9

1,722.3254.3

1,587.5995.9

11,953.11,680.91,528.5

349.6670.0

5,628.63,155.5

539.6445.1

5,354.22,599.11,287.11,146.61,540.01,644.4

521.92,109.1

2,869.83,991.12,256.01,008.72,419.3

330.2768.4683.7504.4

3,510.0

630.37,748.43,279.0

286.94,920.61,240.61,323.15,119.9

431.61,579.3

318.02,353.47,561.9

818.6257.9

2,945.12,264.2

657.82,423.4

211.1

1,721.6254.1

1,591.6997.7

11,943.71,683.61,525.1

350.3668.1

5,644.93,163.3

537.3447.5

5,359.32,609.01,291.51,146.21,542.31,645.8

522.22,108.6

2,870.24,007.62,266.31,010.12,422.4

329.7767.7688.6504.0

3,512.1

630.87,759.73,287.0

287.14,917.51,241.61,327.75,126.6

431.61,581.6

318.52,358.07,578.1

825.0257.8

2,952.92,268.2

659.52,429.4

211.2

1,722.2255.4

1,593.7996.1

11,940.31,690.51,522.6

350.8667.0

5,668.33,170.9

536.5448.4

5,374.02,612.21,293.41,149.71,539.61,647.9

521.62,111.0

2,868.44,014.72,272.71,009.92,430.9

331.0768.9696.5504.6

3,516.9

631.47,764.73,294.4

287.64,923.91,241.31,329.35,138.4

432.01,583.8

318.62,365.57,594.4

831.7256.8

2,960.22,269.1

666.92,431.4

212.3

1,722.7255.0

1,597.71,000.3

11,947.61,692.51,532.2

350.0665.8

5,657.83,176.8

534.0451.2

5,352.02,613.51,293.11,150.51,529.21,642.1

517.72,111.4

2,891.74,028.42,283.31,013.62,421.8

331.2770.2697.9508.8

3,521.3

638.87,775.73,293.5

287.44,929.71,249.01,331.25,109.8

430.71,589.8

323.22,362.17,569.3

839.9256.4

2,959.42,270.1

663.22,429.3

213.3

1,727.4258.1

1,604.61,003.4

11,963.51,702.51,533.3

349.3663.8

5,683.63,201.1

533.4452.0

5,368.42,616.51,294.61,150.41,540.01,649.9

520.22,108.4

2,894.34,046.42,288.41,018.52,430.1

332.5769.0701.5513.1

3,509.6

638.87,782.03,295.8

288.84,939.41,248.41,333.15,110.0

431.31,593.2

323.72,371.17,601.0

842.9258.6

2,966.62,269.7

664.52,431.8

213.6

53


ESTABLISHMENT DATASTATE EMPLOYMENTSEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-7. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by State and major industry, seasonally adjusted—Continued

(In thousands)

State1993

Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1994

Jan. Feb.P

Construction


Hawaii2

IdahoIllinoisIndianaIowaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMaineMaryland





77.011.082.937.2

444.479.849.918.38.3

284.3122.7

33.222.9

199.6117.446.843.968.096.221.5

121.0

80.1131.178.337.894.112.729.243.616.7

115.6

33.1242.0149.9

11.4181.641.551.5

200.311.980.8

12.892.3

346.640.011.5

151.9118.529.092.311.8

76.711.084.537.6

445.982.148.817.58.4

284.5123.5

33.022.5

198.4116.646.644.466.696.521.4

119.4

77.4130.478.438.093.212.729.144.516.7

113.2

33.9240.1150.2

11.4176.741.652.3

194.011.780.8

12.691.9

347.439.711.4

150.6118.028.292.211.4

77.911.086.737.1

446.983.346.918.48.6

286.1125.5

33.023.3

199.1118.545.944.568.296.821.0

119.0

77.5130.277.838.793.713.330.946.116.7

112.5

34.4241.1151.0

11.5183.841.752.3

195.612.181.3

12.392.3

348.639.111.3

150.9117.130.290.111.9

77.711.287.437.0

447.484.247.018.68.4

284.8125.8

32.724.3

199.2117.847.545.069.396.721.0

119.6

77.3131.678.039.094.713.631.345.916.8

113.5

34.9241.2151.5

11.5185.041.952.6

195.812.381.4

12.893.4

348.738.311.4

151.1115.930.991.812.1

78.211.288.237.7

446.485.546.418.38.3

285.2126.8

32.424.7

199.5119.748.545.870.396.820.4

119.2

77.6131.377.838.995.713.731.546.316.8

113.0

35.4239.5153.111.7

184.842.652.9

194.212.581.8

13.394.7

350.438.511.4

151.6116.731.291.712.3

79.611.689.537.5

447.884.946.318.38.5

286.9128.9

32.225.1

198.1119.148.348.271.096.620.8

120.3

82.4135.979.038.995.414.232.447.516.9

113.3

36.1239.0155.011.6

184.442.354.9

197.112.483.2

13.295.0

353.338.812.0

153.2118.431.994.012.4

79.011.790.337.3

447.885.245.918.38.6

288.2130.6

32.025.3

198.1118.748.849.070.796.220.5

120.0

83.2134.378.539.995.814.132.447.716.8

113.7

36.4238.7155.9

11.6184.442.255.6

197.012.282.5

13.094.9

352.539.311.8

154.0119.032.794.612.3

78.711.791.237.0

446.085.245.918.28.5

289.2132.1

31.825.7

198.6118.549.248.971.097.420.4

119.7

83.9134.678.741.096.814.232.147.817.0

114.0

36.8239.4156.0

11.7184.842.156.1

197.712.282.3

12.995.9

352.439.911.8

154.7120.132.995.512.3

79.311.892.737.3

447.085.445.718.28.4

291.1131.5

32.025.5

200.8119.749.649.370.998.621.1

120.4

84.8134.280.542.197.914.332.547.617.0

116.0

37.3240.6156.212.0

184.742.255.8

198.612.081.9

13.297.3

354.740.611.4

155.4120.933.795.512.4

78.411.794.037.2

446.985.346.318.38.5

292.1131.7

31.725.8

200.0120.451.149.270.998.521.4

121.0

84.6134.681.341.698.414.232.547.217.2

116.4

37.6240.0156.5

12.0185.142.457.1

198.811.882.0

13.197.6

355.341.911.3

155.8121.334.395.912.5

78.611.995.437.1

447.186.747.318.38.6

294.2133.0

31.025.7

201.7119.750.548.970.598.121.7

121.6

85.2133.981.841.799.714.232.647.117.6

118.2

38.2240.3157.4

12.2185.542.356.1

200.311.281.8

13.298.2

356.543.111.1

156.5120.933.995.212.6

78.912.498.137.8

446.487.047.917.98.2

295.1135.7

30.727.3

196.2116.849.448.566.396.921.5

118.9

86.0132.782.241.199.414.632.548.118.1

116.4

38.4244.0159.0

12.4183.143.657.9

194.710.781.9

13.197.1

358.543.610.9

156.6122.031.892.412.6

78.413.2

101.338.5

450.084.848.917.48.2

294.4133.1

30.327.2

197.3117.749.447.067.298.821.4

118.1

85.8133.882.439.7

100.314.631.047.818.4

114.2

37.5243.0157.712.6

184.043.256.5

195.010.181.3

13.396.3

363.844.510.9

155.7121.531.791.112.7

54



SEASONALLY ADJUSTED


(In thousands)

State1993


1994

Feb.P

Manufacturing







384.718.9

173.8241.8

1,838.1188.4298.866.713.9

485.5553.3

19.468.1

931.7640.4234.8183.6292.3185.990.5

182.2

460.2914.8404.8255.4412.5

23.3101.628.197.9

519.0

41.9998.5843.5

19.21,056.2

166.9210.6947.188.7

374.1

38.6523.4982.5106.243.7

406.0344.683.2

558.79.6

384.918.7

174.4242.7

1,829.3188.8297.066.113.8

485.1553.0

19.468.7

931.2639.2235.4182.8292.3186.390.8

181.4

458.8912.6405.5256.8412.9

23.3102.628.497.5

517.6

42.2994.1845.1

19.11,052.8

167.5211.0947.0

88.6374.4

39.1525.3985.2107.043.8

404.3343.7

82.9559.5

9.6

385.416.7

173.9243.2

1,819.4188.9296.466.013.8

486.0553.3

19.468.8

930.4637.4235.7182.8292.5184.491.3

181.3

457.9904.5406.5255.7410.9

23.0102.028.897.4

518.6

42.4989.6845.6

19.31,050.4

167.8210.9945.688.5

375.8

39.3527.1985.2107.743.7

402.6342.8

83.4559.2

9.5

384.215.3

174.2242.9

1,812.6188.5294.6

65.213.8

485.0552.5

19.268.9

929.5636.5235.3182.4292.5183.491.2

180.6

456.7898.7405.7255.2411.0

23.0102.429.196.9

517.8

42.3986.4846.3

19.51,048.6

167.6209.9944.3

88.3375.4

39.5527.1985.1107.743.6

405.9342.483.2

558.49.4

384.116.5

174.2242.4

1,806.1188.6293.4

65.213.8

483.8551.3

19.269.2

928.9638.3235.9182.7292.0183.790.9

179.2

454.9895.7404.0254.5411.8

22.9102.629.296.6

516.3

42.7978.4847.3

19.41,045.9

167.5209.9940.1

88.2375.1

39.7527.5985.7107.743.7

405.7340.9

82.9556.7

9.4

380.517.4

174.1243.3

1,803.1188.1293.3

65.413.8

484.7555.8

19.269.4

935.1637.6234.4182.4292.3185.791.0

178.5

453.1896.7405.2253.4410.4

23.1103.029.997.7

516.2

42.2982.8849.6

19.61,048.5

168.5209.5940.586.5

374.4

39.7529.4988.3108.343.4

406.5340.1

82.7559.5

9.5

383.816.9

174.0243.3

1,796.2188.4291.665.013.9

484.3556.1

19.169.6

935.0638.3236.2182.2293.0186.591.1

178.4

451.3894.2403.5253.8410.5

23.0103.330.296.9

515.0

42.8978.9846.3

19.61,046.9

168.3209.6936.387.1

374.4

40.3530.5987.5108.543.2

405.6338.5

82.7559.7

9.5

383.417.2

174.0244.1

1,786.6187.9291.964.713.8

483.8556.6

19.069.4

934.8638.5236.8182.0293.0186.390.9

178.2

450.3894.3404.4253.5410.6

23.0104.030.596.6

515.1

43.3975.9847.1

19.61,046.7

168.3211.3936.1

86.6373.9

40.2530.8992.6109.243.3

405.2338.682.7

559.19.5

382.617.3

174.1244.9

1,778.7188.1290.9

64.813.9

483.5556.3

18.870.0

936.5638.7237.1181.5292.7186.791.6

178.1

449.8897.1405.7254.6412.1

23.1104.030.496.7

513.9

43.4973.7847.5

19.51,044.6

169.1212.9935.086.7

372.2

40.7531.5994.0109.943.3

405.9338.5

82.5561.1

9.5

382.216.5

174.4245.5

1,773.4187.7289.064.413.9

482.6558.0

18.870.6

937.1640.6238.0181.2293.3186.591.8

177.9

447.6906.5407.0255.4412.8

22.7104.130.497.1

512.9

43.5972.5849.1

19.61,046.0

169.4212.5934.8

86.3371.5

41.2532.9995.3110.843.3

406.5337.0

82.8562.3

9.4

381.816.5

174.7245.6

1,766.1188.8287.964.214.0

482.7558.8

18.770.8

940.2642.0238.4181.2292.8186.791.8

177.7

446.1911.4408.3255.5412.8

22.7104.030.597.1

512.6

43.4971.4847.9

19.71,047.4

169.7214.1935.786.4

371.8

41.3534.4997.0111.643.6

405.2335.2

82.6563.2

9.4

380.715.4

176.2247.3

1,766.2188.7287.264.414.1

480.7559.7

17.871.1

942.1644.1240.4181.9293.3186.391.2

177.8

445.7931.2410.6256.3411.4

22.9103.930.697.1

514.9

43.4965.5847.7

19.81,050.3

170.1214.8936.186.7

371.7

41.8534.8994.5114.243.2

406.4335.6

81.5566.0

9.6

381.918.3

176.2246.8

1,761.8188.9285.6

63.614.1

480.2565.7

18.070.8

942.1647.6241.1181.8293.8186.692.5

177.9

445.3927.4411.1257.3412.1

22.9104.030.797.9

511.3

43.4963.3847.5

20.21,052.8

168.5215.8935.686.7

374.2

41.8537.5994.8114.343.2

403.1333.6

81.4566.6

9.8

55




(In thousands)

State1993


1994

Jan. Feb.?








83.823.077.356.5

605.2102.169.614.521.9

282.5200.2

42.020.8

308.4134.156.264.682.8

105.621.998.5

121.3156.2109.645.6

151.520.347.334.217.8

234.3

29.2401.0156.1

17.7214.5

71.766.3

266.714.166.4

14.7124.5432.8

44.911.3

148.1114.038.7

113.114.5

83.422.977.256.6

604.6102.468.914.721.9

285.8200.6

41.620.7

308.3133.856.264.582.9

105.422.098.0

121.4156.0109.445.7

151.320.447.334.417.8

233.9

29.3401.4156.1

17.8214.4

72.066.5

266.714.066.7

14.9124.8433.0

45.211.3

147.7113.938.6

113.214.4

84.623.078.456.8

604.2102.868.714.821.6

286.0201.5

41.420.8

310.0132.456.665.182.6

105.222.198.5

122.4157.0109.345.9

151.620.347.334.618.1

235.6

29.3401.3156.8

17.9214.7

71.966.2

267.614.066.7

14.6125.2437.545.311.3

148.8114.438.4

113.614.5

84.723.178.357.0

602.8103.468.815.021.6

286.5201.3

41.120.8

310.0132.556.665.382.4

105.422.198.5

122.4157.0109.245.9

152.220.347.134.618.0

237.0

29.1401.6157.2

17.9214.8

72.166.1

267.714.166.8

14.6126.0437.3

45.511.3

148.8114.438.5

113.014.4

84.922.978.056.8

602.5103.868.814.821.6

286.9201.9

41.220.8

310.1132.856.765.782.5

105.022.198.1

123.0156.5109.146.1

152.720.347.234.818.1

236.4

29.1400.8157.7

18.0215.2

71.966.2

268.214.166.8

14.7126.6438.5

45.811.3

149.2114.338.5

114.014.5

85.122.977.757.2

602.2104.469.514.821.3

285.9201.7

41.320.7

309.2133.157.066.682.3

105.422.098.5

124.4156.1109.346.1

153.120.247.135.118.1

236.0

29.1400.7157.1

18.1214.4

72.066.0

264.814.266.0

14.8126.8436.0

46.111.2

149.6114.538.7

113.314.5

85.022.977.257.2

600.8104.869.714.621.2

284.9202.0

41.020.7

309.6133.757.066.881.8

105.522.198.3

124.4155.4108.845.8

153.320.146.935.318.0

236.0

29.0399.9156.9

18.0214.1

71.865.8

263.714.066.1

14.9127.4436.5

46.411.1

149.8114.338.8

112.914.5

85.222.977.957.2

600.6104.569.514.921.1

285.2203.6

40.920.8

312.0133.957.267.082.4

105.122.198.6

125.0155.6106.645.8

155.120.247.135.618.0

235.2

28.9399.1156.5

18.1213.1

71.665.9

266.314.566.4

14.7127.8438.7

47.211.0

150.1115.538.8

113.614.6

85.322.877.556.9

600.1104.069.415.021.1

285.7203.1

40.621.1

311.2134.757.067.182.4

105.821.698.3

125.8156.1109.046.0

154.520.247.035.817.9

234.4

28.9400.4156.6

18.1213.2

71.266.0

267.114.366.5

14.6128.7439.4

47.411.0

150.7114.638.7

113.814.6

85.522.876.956.8

597.5104.769.315.120.8

287.0203.4

40.121.4

312.2135.056.967.382.6

105.721.897.9

124.9156.3109.945.3

154.520.347.235.917.9

235.1

28.9401.4156.8

18.2212.9

70.966.2

267.214.566.6

14.6128.3441.6

All11.0

151.4114.338.6

113.914.6

85.222.976.657.1

597.9104.969.314.920.8

289.9202.9

39.821.4

313.8135.056.967.782.5

106.321.998.1

125.3156.4110.145.2

154.720.447.435.918.0

235.1

28.9402.4156.7

18.2212.7

70.966.4

268.914.766.7

14.6128.1443.3

48.110.9

151.5115.439.0

114.414.6

85.023.078.656.3

600.1104.269.214.820.8

283.7203.6

39.921.1

312.1135.356.868.081.8

105.721.498.9

126.7158.8110.044.6

154.520.047.236.018.1

237.7

29.4404.2155.8

18.3212.5

71.366.0

269.214.566.2

14.9127.1443.5

49.210.9

150.9115.139.2

114.014.6

85.023.178.456.3

600.0104.869.515.120.9

284.6205.6

39.921.0

313.0136.256.868.282.3

105.921.597.8

127.3159.0110.444.9

155.020.247.536.018.3

238.2

29.5406.1156.0

18.4212.5

71.665.9

269,014.666.4

14.9128.4444.3

49.311.0

151.4115.039.7

114.714.7

56



SEASONALLY ADJUSTED


(In thousands)


1994

Jan. Feb.?





South DakotaTennesseeTexasUtahVermontVirginiaWashington :West VirginiaWisconsinWyoming


Wholesale and retail trade

373.047.4

379.9217.2

2,810.1396.8332.1

75.653.3

1,437.3760.1

132.9107.1

1,240.0609.4317.4273.5361.4382.7128.6500.1

639.6936.3533.4206.5562.2

85.6190.7131.2127.4812.7

146.41,559.7

718.474.1

1,169.1285.3324.8

1,150.092.2

347.3

80.8529.5

1,790.9190.959.5

643.5541.5146.6551.847.1

372.847.5

381.2217.2

2,805.4398.3329.9

75.153.1

1,440.1759.8

132.5106.9

1,239.1608.6317.1273.7361.1383.3128.3496.7

637.8936.4534.3206.4561.585.7

190.4131.4126.8807.5

146.81,548.7

716.674.3

1,166.6285.7324.6

1,142.091.6

347.2

81.2527.3

1,791.9191.059.5

643.0541.3145.9552.047.2

375.648.0

384.8218.8

2,799.5402.4330.0

75.553.6

1,445.2767.1

133.3107.9

1,241.2603.7319.3273.8359.4381.8129.7499.7

642.3934.5535.4208.0567.0

87.0191.8132.1128.5814.1

147.41,555.8

724.374.6

1,169.6286.8325.2

1,146.392.3

351.3

80.8531.8

1,797.5191.759.9

646.0543.6146.9551.447.8

375.047.8

385.0218.6

2,793.6399.8330.5

75.652.7

1,446.8764.9

133.5108.4

1,242.9605.6320.0273.4359.5380.9130.3500.8

643.0932.5536.6208.3569.987.1

192.5132.3128.7815.3

146.41,557.9

727.474.6

1,173.1286.2325.5

1,148.892.7

349.9

80.6530.9

1,798.9191.960.3

648.3544.0147.9552.247.7

375.448.2

385.5218.9

2,789.2402.6329.9

75.552.3

1,450.4768.0

133.6108.9

1,242.7605.8321.0273.3360.5380.7130.0500.6

643.7931.8537.1209.5570.287.3

192.7132.4129.1817.3

146.81,557.2

731.074.7

1,171.5287.7326.8

1,147.893.2

349.3

80.3532.6

1,801.5191.660.2

648.3544.4148.2552.648.2

376.849.1

386.3220.2

2,787.5405.6329.8

76.252.7

1,452.8778.5

133.8109.9

1,243.7605.8321.1274.7361.0382.4130.2500.9

649.2937.2534.5209.7570.9

88.1194.9133.0129.6815.6

147.41,553.8

735.874.9

1,174.2290.4329.5

1,150.794.4

352.5

80.8534.6

1,810.1192.460.5

651.7546.4149.0552.848.1

376.949.5

387.4221.1

2,780.1406.3328.2

76.252.7

1,457.6780.8

132.7109.8

1,245.7605.9321.2275.0361.7382.3130.5499.9

650.1936.4535.0210.1572.9

88.4195.6134.1128.7814.8

148.11,554.3

737.175.0

1,174.4289.6327.9

1,149.694.6

352.8

81.4535.5

1,817.4192.960.5

651.3545.5149.7553.748.3

377.849.6

389.0221.1

2,775.9406.8326.5

76.352.7

1,462.4782.7

132.6110.4

1,246.3605.6321.4276.0361.5382.0131.3498.9

648.9936.2535.4210.7574.1

88.3193.7135.0129.1815.9

147.81,551.6

736.875.1

1,174.8289.6329.2

1,148.095.8

352.7

81.6537.5

1,822.5193.660.6

651.4547.6149.8554.148.4

379.349.4

389.8221.4

2,768.8408.2327.0

76.052.6

1,464.8784.6

132.6112.2

1,250.8613.7322.3276.1361.4380.4131.3498.3

649.7936.6538.3211.1574.2

88.4193.8135.4129.2818.5

148.31,551.7

737.675.3

1,174.8289.9330.0

1,148.895.1

353.9

81.3541.0

1,827.1194.860.5

652.6549.4150.5556.248.2

380.050.2

390.1222.2

2,765.4409.9324.9

76.052.2

1,468.3786.5

132.3112.9

1,253.2618.3322.4276.7361.2381.3130.9497.8

650.5939.9540.9211.4574.388.4

194.1136.0129.0818.0

148.31,553.1

737.875.2

1,174.8289.9330.4

1,150.394.9

355.3

81.3541.7

1,833.0196.260.1

653.0549.4151.3558.948.2

381.550.4

389.9221.7

2,765.3411.3322.676.251.9

1,472.8787.2

132.2112.8

1,254.5618.8322.8277.0360.6382.4130.1497.9

648.1941.6540.8211.5575.188.6

194.0136.9129.3819.4

148.31,555.7

740.675.3

1,175.3289.5330.8

1,153.295.1

356.4

81.2543.7

1,844.9197.160.6

655.0550.7152.3558.748.4

380.649.9

389.3221.2

2,769.4413.1328.1

76.752.1

1,463.8787.2

131.7113.2

1,251.9614.3321.7276.2359.5379.7129.7500.8

656.2937.7544.7211.9572.589.0

194.3137.0129.9823.4

150.41,567.2

736.374.9

1,178.0290.8330.4

1,146.394.3

357.1

82.4542.3

1,834.7198.260.9

658.9549.1152.1554.248.5

382.749.7

391.4222.6

2,779.5417.0328.1

76.651.5

1,477.1794.9

130.8113.4

1,262.5617.8323.1277.2363.8381.6129.5501.5

657.0947.7546.9212.9574.689.3

194.4137.2130.4820.2

150.61,568.9

738.375.4

1,180.0292.0330.8

1,149.395.0

359.5

82.3545.6

1,844.8198.461.1

661.2552.1152.5558.148.5

57




(In thousands)


1994

Jan. Feb.P

AlabamaAlaska...ArizonaArkansasCaliforniaColoradoConnecticutDelawareDistrict of ColumbiaFloridaGeorgia







75.110.998.439.6

788.6103.5140.333.632.1

354.7164.4

38.622.3

380.0127.573.357.863.578.125.1

128.8

197.9192.4133.238.3

139.114.649.830.029.6

228.2

27.2728.0136.013.3

257.161.488.8

302.224.965.5

17.5102.5424.8

37.811.9

154.5119.424.9

129.17.7

75.110.998.839.8

788.0103.9140.033.732.1

354.6164.7

38.622.4

381.0127.873.457.963.478.025.2

128.6

197.9192.6133.738.3

139.014.649.930.329.6

228.1

27.2725.6136.4

13.4257.9

61.489.2

302.225.065.5

17.5102.7424.4

37.911.9

154.4119.924.7

129.47.7

75.311.098.939.7

788.9104.4140.134.132.1

354.5165.1

38.722.5

380.5128.073.757.663.277.925.5

128.9

198.8192.6134.738.4

139.914.650.230.429.6

228.2

27.5726.7137.3

13.4259.1

61.689.9

302.525.266.0

17.6103.4424.3

38.411.9

155.1120.025.0

129.67.7

75.311.099.139.9

788.7104.8139.734.331.9

354.4165.0

38.822.5

380.5128.373.857.563.177.825.6

129.1

198.6192.3135.038.5

140.514.850.230.629.6

228.1

27.5727.8137.5

13.3259.161.790.0

302.425.265.8

17.7103.3423.5

39.012.0

155.6120.325.1

129.77.6

75.611.099.839.9

788.0105.4139.534.531.7

355.0165.4

38.922.6

380.6128.573.957.763.077.525.7

128.7

199.0192.5135.738.8

140.814.850.430.829.7

228.0

27.6728.4137.8

13.5259.4

61.691.0

302.825.366.0

17.7103.8425.7

39.612.1

155.8120.825.0

130.17.7

75.511.399.940.4

787.6106.6139.035.131.2

356.4167.2

39.322.7

383.2128.474.258.463.078.125.7

129.5

200.5193.4135.638.7

141.415.050.531.030.0

227.7

27.7727.8138.7

13.5259.4

61.692.1

303.525.465.9

17.9104.3428.6

39.812.1

157.1121.325.1

130.67.7

75.811.3

100.240.5

786.4106.9138.735.231.2

358.1167.0

39.422.7

383.9128.574.358.663.078.025.9

129.5

200.4193.4136.238.8

141.614.850.531.329.9

229.1

27.7726.7139.0

13.6259.2

61.692.5

303.725.366.1

17.9104.2429.5

40.412.1

157.9121.325.1

130.97.7

75.811.3

100.540.7

785.1107.2138.935.430.7

358.4167.1

39.423.0

384.4128.774.658.562.777.925.8

129.8

200.3193.1136.938.9

141.915.050.631.529.8

229.7

27.8728.4139.9

13.6259.2

61.593.0

304.125.466.1

17.9104.2430.541.012.1

158.3121.725.2

131.47.8

76.011.4

100.840.8

783.2107.7139.135.530.6

359.9167.4

39.623.1

384.8129.074.858.463.078.125.9

129.9

200.6189.5137.738.9

142.315.050.531.729.9

230.3

27.8729.2141.0

13.6259.3

61.393.5

304.025.366.2

17.9104.9431.8

41.612.2

159.2121.925.1

132.07.7

76.111.3

101.140.9

782.2108.2138.735.830.3

361.0167.2

39.423.3

385.5129.375.058.663.477.926.1

130.0

200.5193.3138.438.9

142.314.950.731.829.9

230.7

27.7728.7141.113.6

259.661.393.8

304.7" 25.3

66.3

18.0105.1433.8

41.612.2

160.1122.325.1

132.47.7

76.511.4

101.341.0

780.7108.7138.335.930.0

361.7167.6

39.423.3

386.0129.575.558.663.277.926.0

130.0

200.6193.5139.138.9

143.115.050.631.929.9

230.6

27.8728.7141.7

13.7260.1

61.193.9

304.625.266.3

17.9105.4435.5

42.512.3

160.8122.725.1

132.77.8

76.911.4

101.340.9

782.4108.4138.436.030.0

362.8166.6

39.623.4

385.4129.475.258.463.077.825.9

130.6

201.4192.5139.338.7

141.215.150.532.130.1

230.5

28.1727.4141.9

13.7260.5

61.294.4

303.125.366.2

18.0105.2434.2

44.212.2

160.0123.225.0

132.67.9

77.011.3

101.241.0

780.8108.9137.936.130.4

363.3166.9

39.523.4

385.5129.375.158.562.877.925.9

130.7

201.7192.6139.839.4

141.415.150.832.130.0

231.1

28.2728.8142.1

13.8260.361.894.7

304.225.466.7

18.1105.4433.6

44.712.2

160.8122.724.8

132.68.0

58



SEASONALLY ADJUSTED


(In thousands)


1994

Jan. Feb.P

Services







359.755.9

437.7216.9

3,457.6459.6439.7

88.3255.1

1,760.5707.9

162.694.7

1,441.6569.8313.8264.9362.3408.9130.8644.2

933.91,004.1

604.8186.8628.9

85.6186.3288.9132.9

1,000.8

165.02,384.2

671.575.2

1,267.6303.2322.3

1,519.7133.7323.6

79.6565.8

1,898.0204.8

73.1782.0569.5163.3588.942.5

360.356.2

440.3217.1

3,460.4462.0440.2

87.8255.2

1,764.4707.4

163.494.8

1,444 7570.3314.6265.6363.1409.4132.0642.5

935.31,007.8

607.1188.4631.185.9

186.9289.6132.5998.5

165.52,384.6

672.975.6

1,266.7304.1323.6

1,516.8133.4324.1

79.8566.1

1,904.6206.0

73.4781.5572.1163.3590.142.4

363.056.6

445.3217.9

3,459.3464.2441.0

88.7255.4

1,799.1717.2

163.695.9

1,452.5559.7315.8267.3362.7410.0132.7650.8

941.31,009.5

610.5191.4640.3

86.3187.8288.7135.2

1,008.7

166.62,396.2

682.176.0

1,275.8303.4326.0

1,525.0133.1328.3

79.9569.7

1,908.4207.5

73.7789.1576.8164.6590.5

42.6

362.157.1

447.5218.8

3,464.2463.4442.8

88.8252.7

1,805.7719.8

164.196.3

1,457.0553.4317.2268.3363.3408.7134.1654.2

944.11,013.2

610.9194.2642.9

86.6188.2288.4136.2

1,011.4

167.32,400.7

686.876.5

1,276.7303.4326.1

1,528.1133.7329.6

79.0571.0

1,912.9209.6

73.7791.0577.6165.2593.442.8

363.057.3

449.8219.8

3,467.0466.4442.4

89.1251.4

1,814.8722.4

164.496.9

1,461.0557.1318.5269.4363.3407.0134.6654.2

947.41,012.7

613.6195.7645.2

87.0188.4289.4136.9

1,014.6

167.72,405.4

689.576.6

1,278.2304.5327.1

1,523.9135.3332.0

79.9572.2

1,920.2210.7

73.9793.7580.5165.9593.542.9

364.757.2

450.2220.2

3,473.0471.4444.4

90.3254.1

1,825.8732.7

164.697.8

1,481.3560.0318.6270.3362.5408.6133.3659.3

958.01,020.9

616.2199.3648.5

89.2188.3292.4138.7

1,019.4

168.22,413.3

693.077.0

1,277.6307.1327.7

1,525.0137.1336.0

79.8575.0

1,944.4213.0

74.0799.5580.8166.8598.442.9

364.457.0

451.5220.6

3,466.6472.4445.5

90.3254.1

1,835.1737.0

163.898.4

1,485.2560.8320.0271.1363.8410.2134.1658.0

960.61,023.3

618.0200.6652.389.4

188.2294.6139.0

1,021.9

168.02,416.7

694.977.1

1,277.5306.7328.5

1,528.3136.9336.8

79.8577.0

1,948.7213.4

74.2802.1583.6167.4598.842.9

365.157.1

454.2221.3

3,466.1473.0447.8

90.7254.5

1,842.4742.5

163.398.9

1 485.9560.1319.6272.0365.1410.4135.2660.9

966.61,026.0

619.1199.3654.3

89.1189.2297.2138.6

1,024.0

168.12,418.7

697.077.4

1,281.4305.6330.6

1,532.4136.8337.5

79.3578.9

1,950.9213.9

74.6806.5585.2168.0600.4

43.1

366.656.7

454.7222.2

3,465.4474.1447.8

90.6258.4

1,850.5750.7

164.299.7

1,483.7561.2319.8273.2366.1408.9136.3665.4

968.21,027.1

621.3199.5654.3

88.9189.1301.1138.7

1,026.8

169.02,427.3

700.277.9

1,285.5304.8331.0

1,536.0137.1339.0

80.8581.8

1,953.1215.6

75.2809.4586.0169.5601.3

43.1

365.457.0

455.5222.2

3,465.3474.2447.3

91.0256.6

1,858.5753.6

163.599.7

1,484.6563.1320.8273.4366.4409.9136.5664.7

972.11,027.0

623.4200.8655.1

89.0188.5305.5138.5

1,028.2

168.82,435.9

703.278.2

1,286.5304.3333.1

1,539.0137.3340.2

80.9583.1

1,954.4217.3

75.7813.2587.3169.4602.043.2

365.157.2

456.6220.9

3,469.6475.7447.6

91.3256.8

1,866.7757.1

163.4100.1

1,489.2564.0321.5274.9366.5411.1136.7665.2

974.01,027.5

626.6200.0658.789.4

188.3311.7138.2

1,030.1

168.92,440.9

707.577.9

1,289.1304.4333.3

1,540.5136.8341.3

81.0585.9

1,954.8218.9

74.2817.2589.3170.0602.443.5

365.357.5

455.9223.9

3,469.6477.7453.2

90.7255.4

1,869.8758.2

163.9100.9

1,479.7569.2322.8276.8364.6410.3135.8664.2

987.51,029.8

629.3204.3657.5

89.6189.1312.2140.1

1,031.2

172.62,444.6

709.577.8

1,292.9307.0332.2

1,530.1137.4345.3

83.3585.7

1,948.9221.2

74.2816.7588.3170.1604.9

43.8

368.057.7

457.7225.2

3,478.4482.6453.3

91.0254.6

1,879.9766.5

162.9101.9

1,481.2565.9323.5276.6365.6414.8136.1663.4

987.71,038.6

631.0207.7660.590.0

189.2315.1141.2

1,031.4

173.02,451.2

711.8111

1,296.9307.1334.3

1,532.3137.2344.9

83.5587.9

1,964.4221.8

75.5822.6588.8171.2606.4

43.8

59




(In thousands)

StateFeb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb.p

Government






341.174.0

283.2169.0

2,083.9295.3206.649.4

288.2875.2544.8

111.590.0

774.7390.1220.6227.3276.3341.0

95.8417.1

383.6638.4350.4208.8372.8

74.0148.686.873.5

565.7

157.41,417.7

517.867.5

735.6271.2233.2704.0

61.4293.8

65.6359.7

1,359.2158.043.9

594.9426.5132.9360.7

57.2

341.374.1

283.5169.0

2,079.2295.6206.4

49.3287.9874.2545.0

111.889.8

772.3391.5221.8229.1276.3341.2

96.0417.1

383.3638.5351.9208.9373.4

74.1148.787.773.8

565.9

158.01,420.0

519.767.2

735.4270.2233.6705.361.6

295.5

65.2360.3

1,361.3158.643.6

595.9428.4132.8360.0

57.3

340.574.0

284.8169.2

2,076.7296.8204.8

49.2288.5879.0545.8

112.289.7

769.5390.7221.7228.3276.5340.3

95.5417.5

387.3639.7351.8208.3378.9

74.1150.888.073.9

564.9

158.91,418.1

522.167.2

735.0270.6233.6706.961.5

296.5

64.8360.3

1,366.7156.944.0

596.7429.0132.6358.4

57.2

340.474.5

282.9169.5

2,077.1296.4204.949.4

288.7876.3545.2

112.790.2

771.8390.7222.0229.5275.7340.1

95.2417.0

387.8641.0352.0209.2376.6

73.7147.888.373.6

564.3

159.41,418.3

523.267.3

735.7271.0233.2708.3

62.0295.9

64.8361.1

1,367.8157.644.2

595.5427.9129.4361.8

57.2

342.074.4

289.4169.7

2,076.8295.6203.949.7

287.7880.2544.1

112.189.4

766.6392.4222.7233.0277.0341.2

95.1417.0

387.8639.5352.3209.2378.4

74.4147.190.973.7

564.8

160.41,418.4

524.166.4

736.8272.5233.5709.3

61.2298.5

65.6361.0

1,365.9159.144.2

596.0430.2131.9360.6

57.3

338.873.8

289.7171.0

2,076.5299.7205.3

48.9289.3883.7544.9

110.890.6

761.0391.1221.4231.3276.1340.6

95.9413.3

388.4634.1352.7209.9377.7

73.5149.188.172.6

562.8

158.11,430.4

530.267.2

730.2270.8232.2709.261.3

298.6

65.4361.8

1,382.5159.142.5

600.6429.8125.9359.8

57.0

340.074.4

289.9171.4

2,078.1298.4204.8

49.1285.6883.4545.4

111.190.8

758.2391.6222.4223.9275.1340.8

95.9417.3

389.1633.4353.4214.9377.4

74.7150.089.173.3

564.4

159.01,423.2

537.367.3

737.5270.8231.9708.361.5

298.7

66.4362.9

1,393.2159.942.4

600.0428.7132.4360.7

55.6

341.274.2

290.1168.8

2,075.2297.5207.3

50.3286.0884.6546.6

111.390.6

759.6397.6224.3231.8276.1339.6

93.9421.3

390.0642.9355.4210.6379.1

74.2150.088.971.8

566.4

159.91,419.7

533.967.8

738.3267.6232.1709.1

60.3298.1

67.6362.5

1,395.5160.042.9

600.9434.5135.0360.4

57.2

342.474.8

285.8168.8

2,075.6297.6207.7

49.4284.9887.0554.3

111.891.3

772.2395.7224.5232.1276.5340.2

94.0417.6

389.7641.7356.2211.2379.6

74.6150.189.274.5

568.3

159.71,420.4

536.566.6

744.5266.9232.2709.3

60.9297.8

66.8363.5

1,394.3160.343.7

601.1429.6134.9361.2

57.7

343.174.5

287.6169.3

2,078.6297.9208.7

49.6285.7889.3555.4

111.591.6

772.6396.0225.2231.1277.7340.2

93.6418.1

388.8641.2357.9211.4380.7

74.5149.289.373.9

569.2

160.11,423.0

539.166.4

738.5268.3232.9710.5

61.3297.9

66.8364.6

1,397.3161.043.5

602.0433.3135.1361.7

57.6

343.075.1

287.1169.1

2,079.4298.8208.849.9

284.8894.1556.8

112.092.2

773.2396.9225.7232.7276.7339.6

93.3419.4

387.8641.6358.5211.8382.5

75.0150.590.074.1

569.2

160.01,420.2

539.266.8

739.5268.6233.0713.862.4

297.7

66.7365.1

1,395.4162.043.5

601.5431.5135.5362.4

57.8

344.375.8

286.3169.4

2,079.8297.9207.349.4

285.1895.8558.3

110.492.2

768.1398.2224.7232.0272.8340.2

92.1419.1

387.0637.0359.6211.5381.0

74.4151.189.475.1

565.2

160.41,417.5

539.966.6

738.0269.6233.9710.0

61.7299.6

67.4365.1

1,389.6161.143.4

597.5433.5134.8363.0

58.0

343.675.1

286.4169.5

2,079.7299.9208.949.4

284.0898.0560.8

112.092.2

770.6395.6223.4232.3275.5338.6

93.2417.9

388.3638.6359.3211.4381.9

74.8150.790.076.6

561.1

160.11,415.4

539.066.9

738.7268.9233.5704.2

62.2298.4

67.4365.1

1,391.1161.644.1

599.3432.6134.7360.1

57.8

Includes mining, not shown separately.Mining is combined with construction.

p = preliminary.NOTE: All State data have been adjusted to March 1993 benchmarks.

60


ESTABLISHMENT DATAHOURS

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-8. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrollsby major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted

Industry1993


1994

Jan. Feb.p Mar.

Total private

Mining

Construction

ManufacturingOvertime hours

Durable goodsOvertime hours

Lumber and wood productsFurniture and fixturesStone, clay, and glass productsPrimary metal industries



Nondurable goodsOvertime hours

Food and kindred productsTobacco productsTextile mill productsApparel and other textile productsPaper and allied productsPrinting and publishingChemicals and allied productsPetroleum and coal productsRubber and misc. plastics productsLeather and leather products


Wholesale trade

Retail trade


Services

34.2

43.4

41.24.0

42.04.2

40.640.142.243.944.441.942.841.642.744.341.139.9

40.33.8

40.4(2)40.137.243.538.142.8(2)41.8

39.0

39.6

38.0

28.2

34.4

44.3

41.54.2

42.24.4

40.540.042.544.244.742.143.141.842.945.241.340.3

40.64.0

40.7(2)41.937.143.738.442.9(2)41.8

38.9

39.4

38.0

28.8

34.7

44.6

41.44.1

42.04.3

40.639.742.843.644.141.942.941.842.744.041.339.8

40.53.9

40.4(2)41.737.343.738.243.3(2)41.838.6

39.8

38.4

29.0

34.4

44.1

41.24.0

41.94.2

40.439.542.643.444.141.942.941.442.543.541.239.5

40.53.9

40.6(2)41.337.143.638.443.1(2)41.737.7

39.4

38.2

28.8

34.5

44.9

41.44.0

42.04.1

40.739.942.743.644.341.943.141.842.343.041.439.5

40.63.9

40.8(2)41.337.343.438.543.4(2)41.7

38.0

39.6

38.2

28.8

34.7

44.6

41.44.1

42.24.2

40.840.542.943.543.742.143.042.043.144.441.039.7

40.53.9

40.6(2)41.437.343.538.143.2(2)41.8

38.3

40.1

38.3

28.9

34.3

44.1

41.54.1

42.34.2

41.139.942.843.444.442.042.842.143.845.141.139.9

40.54.0

40.6(2)41.536.843.838.243.1(2)41.6

38.8

39.6

37.9

28.8

34.5

45.1

41.64.3

42.44.5

41.240.542.743.643.742.343.242.143.544.841.139.6

40.74.1

41.0(2)41.336.943.838.543.4(2)41.8

38.7

39.9

38.2

28.9

34.5

44.2

41.74.3

42.54.7

41.540.743.344.144.042.543.241.943.845.940.939.9

40.74.0

40.8(2)41.937.343.738.443.0(2)42.1

38.6

39.7

38.2

28.8

34.5

43.9

41.74.4

42.64.7

41.340.243.044.344.242.643.341.844.246.441.139.9

40.74.0

40.7(2)41.937.243.738.343.1(2)42.1

38.5

39.8

38.1

28.9

34.8

44.2

41.84.4

42.74.8

41.640.243.644.243.742.743.442.144.046.341.640.1

40.64.0

40.6(2)41.537.043.738.343.2(2)41.8

38.7

40.1

38.5

29.0

34.3

43.9

41.24.6

42.25.0

40.338.842.244.244.242.343.141.644.046.540.939.0

40.04.1

40.9(2)40.235.543.237.943.0(2)41.4

37.5

39.9

38.1

28.6

34.7

44.6

42.24.8

43.05.1

41.540.443.744.744.543.043.942.544.546.741.840.2

41.24.3

41.2(2)42.338.044.238.543.6(2)42.7

38.7

40.1

38.3

29.0

32.4 32.4 32.8 32.5 32.5 32.7 32.2 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.9 32.3 32.5

1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers intransportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,insurance, and real estate; and services.

2 These series are not published seasonally adjusted because theseasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycle and/or irregular

components and consequently cannot be separated with sufficient precision.p = preliminary.NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from

March 1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data areintroduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1989 forward aresubject to revision.

61


ESTABLISHMENT DATAHOURSSEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarmpayrolls by major industry and manufacturing group, seasonally adjusted

(1982=100)

Industry1993


1994

Jan. Feb.1 Mar.p

Total private

Goods-producing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing





Service-producing


Wholesale trade

Retail trade


Services

122.2

101.9

52.5

118.8

101.6

99.3122.1119.4101.386.573.3

101.390.5

100.3111.2136.677.198.0

104.8110.365.494.891.1

109.6122.498.885.4

129.9

56.3

131.3

116.1

114.7

119.9

116.9

152.9

123.1

102.2

53.5

119.3

101.8

99.2120.1119.1101.086.573.4

101.391.2

100.5110.1136.377.399.4

105.4110.665.899.490.2

109.5123.399.087.9

129.7

55.6

132.4

115.5

114.7

122.6

117.2

154.0

124.6

102.8

54.2

124.5

101.4

98.5119.6118.9101.985.372.4

100.590.8

100.1108.3131.576.397.8

105.3109.566.098.990.8

109.7122.8100.586.9

129.9

55.2

134.5

116.6

116.1

124.0

120.0

156.7

123.6

102.0

53.0

123.4

100.8

97.8118.8118.0101.284.471.6

100.391.098.8

106.9129.575.796.7

104.8109.767.697.589.6

109.5123.399.784.9

129.4

53.9

133.4

115.3

115.2

123.3

117.9

155.6

124.1

102.6

53.8

125.3

101.0

97.9119.9119.2101.784.571.6

100.091.499.6

105.9128.375.696.7

105.2110.263.497.589.7

108.8123.8101.185.9

129.9

54.9

133.8

115.9

115.6

123.5

117.3

156.4

124.8

102.4

53.1

124.9

100.9

98.2120.6120.0101.984.170.2

100.690.799.8

107.8132.974.796.0

104.6110.360.596.889.0

108.6122.4100.185.6

129.5

54.1

134.9

116.8

115.7

124.0

120.7

157.7

123.7

102.1

53.0

123.3

100.9

98.5122.1118.8101.984.171.7

100.590.6

100.3109.6135.274.596.9

104.2109.362.397.187.7

109.1122.5100.684.1

128.7

54.2

133.4

115.3

114.6

123.6

118.4

155.5

124.9

102.8

53.9

124.5

101.5

99.1124.0120.6102.284.671.0

101.591.8

100.8108.8135.474.396.2

104.7111.463.296.887.2

108.9123.1101.386.3

128.6

54.7

134.7

116.5

115.6

124.2

119.7

157.6

125.1

103.8

52.7

127.9

102.0

99.8125.5122.2103.786.371.9

102.692.1

100.6110.1139.873.696.5

105.0111.067.197.888.1

108.7122.7100.983.1

131.0

54.6

134.7

116.0

115.8

123.8

119.3

158.0

125.4

103.7

53.8

126.9

102.1

100.2125.8121.3103.286.571.8

103.292.7

101.1111.2144.273.896.9

104.7110.362.098.087.0

108.7122.3101.382.2

131.6

54.4

135.1

115.9

115.6

124.7

119.3

158.3

126.3

103.8

53.7

125.5

102.6

101.1128.0121.6105.486.671.0

104.193.3

101.4112.5151.174.597.4

104.5109.961.097.286.3

108.9122.6101.184.4

131.8

54.7

136.4

117.1

117.1

125.0

121.8

160.1

124.7

102.2

53.2

121.1

101.5

100.1124.4117.4101.587.371.8

103.493.3

100.9112.4150.873.194.3

103.3111.258.894.482.7

107.6121.4100.281.4

131.4

52.4

134.8

116.8

116.4

123.7

119.6

157.8

126.9

105.5

53.7

129.1

104.0

102.3127.5122.2105.988.171.1

105.295.3

103.7113.7149.974.597.2

106.3112.465.299.788.2

110.1123.3101.483.7

135.6

54.1

136.4

117.9

117.0

125.8

120.0

159.9


p = preliminary.

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected fromMarch 1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data areintroduced, all seasonally adjusted data from January 1989 forward aresubject to revision.

62


ESTABLISHMENT DATAALL-EMPLOYEE HOURS

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-10. Hours of wage and salary workers on nonfarm payrolls by major industry, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Millions of hours (annual rate)1

Jan.1994r

Feb.1994r

March1994P

Percent change

March 1993to

March 1994P

Jan. 1994to

Feb. 1994r

Feb. 1994to

March 1994P

Total

Private sector

MiningConstructionManufacturing


Transportation and public utilities ..Wholesale tradeRetail tradeFinance, insurance, and real estateServices

Government

207,646

169,517

1,3879,566

38,63822,16916,46911,97612,31630,25012,39852,986

38,129

204,974

166,954

1,3719,006

37,98521,84516,14011,87412,23229,72312,35552,408

38,021

207,234

169,097

1,3919,364

38,31222,02116,29011,92312,32430,04412,61653,124

38,137

2.4

2.8

2.45.5-.2.3

-.71.01.83.03.94.8

-1.3

-1.5

-1.2-5.9-1.7-1.5-2.0

-.8-.7

-1.7-.3

-1.1

1.1

1.3

1.44.0

.9

.8

.9

.4

.81.12.11.4

1 Total hours paid for 1 week in the month, seasonally adjusted, multipliedby 52.

p = preliminary.r = revised.NOTE: Data refer to hours of all employees—production workers,

nonsupervisory workers, and salaried workers—and are based largely onestablishment data. See BLS Handbook of Methods, BLS Bulletin 2414,chapter 10, "Productivity Measures: Business Sector and Major Subsectors".

SOURCE: Office of Productivity and Technology (202—606-5606).

63


ESTABLISHMENT DATAEARNINGSSEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-11. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on privatenonfarm payrolls by major industry, seasonally adjusted

Industry1993

Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb.p Mar."

1994

Average hourly earnings

Total private (in current dollars)

MiningConstructionManufacturing

Excluding overtime2

Transportation and public utilities .Wholesale tradeRetail tradeFinance, Insurance, and real estateServices

Total private (in constant dollars)3

Total private:In current dollarsIn constant (1982) dollars3.

$10.78

14.6414.2811.6611.1313.6411.597.27

11.1110.76

7.40

$10.77

14.8414.2811.7111.1313.6111.677.25

11.1510.73

7.38

$10.82

14.7614.3411.7111.1513.6211.747.29

11.3410.80

7.39

$10.81

14.5914.3211.7211.1713.6511.687.28

11.2610.78

7.38

$10.81

14.5114.3911.7211.1913.6611.737.28

11.3010.77

7.37

$10.86

14.5314.3911.7711.2213.6511.807.30

11.4810.83

7.39

$10.86

14.5014.3911.8411.2713.6311.767.29

11.3810.84

7.38

$10.92

14.6114.4111.8311.2613.6711.847.35

11.5110.89

7.39

$10.93

14.4914.4411.8811.2913.6811.787.34

11.5310.91

7.39

$10.95

14.6614.3811.9511.3413.7211.787.37

11.5510.91

7.39

$11.02

14.9214.3811.9611.3613.8311.927.41

11.6911.00

7.43

$11.03

14.7714.55]12.04111.4313.8411.877.44

11.6110.99

7.42

$11.04

14.7814.4512.0211.3813.8911.867.43

11.6111.00

O

Average weekly earnings

368.68253.21

370.49253.76

375.45256.45

371.86253.83

372.95254.23

376.84256.35

372.50253.23

376.74255.07

377.09254.79

377.78254.91

383.50258.60

378.33254.60

383.09


2 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of timeand one-half.

3 The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical

Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate these series.4 Not available.p = preliminary.NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March

1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are introduced,all seasonally adjusted data from January 1989 forward are subject torevision.

64



NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry

(In thousands)

Industry1987SIC

Code

All employees

Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Production workers1

Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Total

Total private

Mining

Metal miningIron oresCopper ores

Coal miningBituminous coal and lignite mining

Oil and gas extractionCrude petroleum and natural gasOil and gas field services

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuelsCrushed and broken stoneSand and gravelChemical and fertilizer minerals

Construction

General building contractorsResidential building constructionOperative buildersNonresidential building construction

Heavy construction, except buildingHighway and street constructionHeavy construction, except highway

Special trade contractorsPlumbing, heating, and air conditioningPainting and paper hangingElectrical workMasonry, stonework, and plasteringCarpentry and floor workRoofing, siding, and sheet metal work

Manufacturing

Durable goods

Lumber and wood productsLoggingSawmills and planing mills

Sawmills and planing mills, generalHardwood dimension and flooring mills ...

Millwork, plywood, and structural membersMillworkWood kitchen cabinetsHardwood veneer and plywoodSoftwood veneer and plywood

Wood containersWood buildings and mobile homes

Mobile homesMiscellaneous wood products

Furniture and fixturesHousehold furniture

Wood household furnitureUpholstered household furnitureMetal household furnitureMattresses and bedsprings


10101102

12122

13131138

14142144147

15152153154

16161162

17171172173174175176

242412422421242624324312434243524362442452451249

252512511251225142515

108,241

89,177

587

50.98.4

15.0

110.2102.4

333.3167.8159.8

92.834.427.914.4

4,074

985.9483.925.7

476.3

591.9148.1443.8

2,496.6584.6139.0480.1351.9157.1174.3

17,781

10,070

669.476.0

173.7138.932.9

238.899.066.822.327.442.257.342.281.4

476.9272.9122.787.720.029.1

108,672

89,502

590

51.28.7

15.0

113.5105.8

330.3166.9157.8

95.135.229.214.5

4,109

983.2484.6

25.6473.0

612.2159.5452.7

2,513.1581.5140.8480.9352.4159.2172.7

17,768

10,064

671.372.3

175.2139.733.4

240.8100.467.122.527.343.058.442.781.6

477.4274.3123.088.620.029.2

109,467

90,580

592

49.59.9

14.8

110.5102.6

339.8160.6173.3

91.834.628.013.2

4,248

1,020.9510.927.0

483.0

593.4152.2441.2

2,633.8619.9148.4513.0377.5177.0174.1

17,628

9,996

688.472.9

176.7140.634.1

249.4103.769.822.927.343.065.249.881.2

485.1276.2122.489.720.829.7

109,933

90,711

587

49.59.9

14.8

110.8103.3

334.7159.4169.4

91.734.927.713.2

4,193

997.4501.227.0

469.2

589.6149.0440.6

2,606.4613.9149.9504.9376.0179.2170.9

17,623

9,991

687.972.9

177.1141.034.2

248.4102.870.023.127.243.664.650.081.3

483.7274.8121.589.520.429.9

110,792

91,442

586

331.5

4,330

1,019.0

17,648

10,018

689.0

484.3

72,324

411

40.36.6

12.4

87.981.5

213.982.7

126.9

68.426.0

3,047

679.2319.6

11.2348.4

475.9112.2363.7

1,891.7418.8111.9365.3294.3113.5133.9

12,086

6,715

549.262.1

150.4120.128.7

191.077.152.919.124.635.544.034.766.2

376.4227.9105.373.216.122.3

72,634

414

40.76.8

12.4

90.784.4

211.582.3

124.9

70.626.9

3,079

676.1319.5

11.1345.5

494.9122.5372.4

1,908.3415.8113.6366.5296.0115.6132.3

12,092

6,721

550.858.4

151.8120.929.2

192.878.453.219.224.536.344.935.066.6

376.5229.0105.873.716.222.3

73,591

417

39.58.1

12.3

88.782.2

220.778.1

138.5

67.726.3

3,199

710.7342.9

11.1356.7

479.7115.1364.6

2,008.4448.7118.5394.9315.8132.2133.2

12,053

6,730

567.159.2

152.9121.529.8

200.581.355.819.624.536.451.741.666.4

383.5231.2105.175.317.122.6

73,721

411

39.28.1

12.2

88.582.4

215.076.4

134.7

67.826.5

3,143

688.6332.9

11.1344.6

475.4111.6363.8

1,978.7442.2119.8387.1314.4133.8129.6

12,070

6,740

566.759.0

153.5122.029.9

199.380.256.019.924.437.151.441.866.4

382.9230.4104.575.416.722.8

74,390

411

3,272

12,099

6,766

567.2

383.0

65


ESTABLISHMENT DATAEMPLOYMENTNOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-12. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by detailed industry—Continued

(In thousands)

Industry1987SICCode

252253254259

3232132232213229323324325326327327132723273329329132923296

333313312331733233213322332533333343353351335333573363365

3434134113423423,53429343343234333443441344234433444344634534513452346346234653469

Feb.1993

61.734.874.233.3

495.413.978.835.543.358.316.830.537.4173.715.459.981.773.119.43.0

21.3

680.2240.3177.125.1118.774.95.8

24.243.325.3161.122.624.068.676.522.0

1,307.943.234.6122.941.070.556.724.918.7

381.166.167.597.189.925.489.144.844.3

217.828.899.478.0

All

Mar.1993

60.634.774.533.3

498.413.979.035.643.458.216.630.737.6176.315.560.583.573.219.43.0

21.1

678.9239.5176.325.1118.675.05.7

24.243.125.1160.422.623.868.376.822.1

1,307.943.034.4122.441.069.956.625.018.4

381.066.267.296.790.225.389.645.144.5

217.828.998.878.5

employees

Jan.1994

62.835.875.834.5

497.614.175.533.142.458.016.730.538.2179.215.560.986.073.119.22.9

21.1

674.7236.5173.525.1119.075.76.1

24.640.623.3159.522.322.868.911122.2

1,317.240.732.5124.642.270.658.925.020.3

386.165.969.894.093.425.190.246.343.9

221.929.1101.779.8

Feb.1994P

62.835.676.234.3

496.814.176.733.842.958.016.630.338.4176.915.560.584.173.119.32.8

21.0

675.2235.4171.525.8120.476.16.2

24.940.423.0159.522.222.769.178.422.4

1,315.041.033.0124.842.370.758.225.119.4

384.065.069.593.593.325.190.646.743.9

221.529.1101.279.9

Mar.1994P

--

504.2--____

_-_____--

674.5233.1___

_____

_--

1,320.5_-___-____

___

___-

Production workers

Feb.1993

45.327.553.821.9

380.110.966.331.934.444.312.923.329.4129.59.6

44.262.554.314.22.4-

516.7182.4135.018.694.460.04.718.933.120.0117.017.116.150.360.717.4

961.237.230.391.130.552.840.518.911.9

268.047.348.265.566.817.868.136.431.7173.421.984.158.9

Mar.1993

44.127.554.021.9

382.710.866.431.934.544.312.723.629.4131.99.8

44.864.254.314.32.4-

516.7182.4134.918.694.560.34.618.932.919.8

116.717.216.050.061.117.6

962.137.130.290.830.552.440.519.011.7

268.247.347.965.367.117.868.436.432.0173.522.183.659.3

Jan.1994

46.028.155.223.0

381.010.962.929.533.443.812.723.430.3134.09.6

44.866.354.414.42.4-

516.8180.8133.718.495.761.54.719.630.518.1

117.217.015.650.762.617.8

975.934.728.192.932.152.842.318.813.3

275.346.950.764.770.317.769.637.632.0177.522.386.260.8

Feb.1994P

46.028.155.622.8

380.510.864.230.234.043.912.623.430.5131.49.6

44.364.354.714.72.2-

518.1179.4131.918.797.262.14.8

20.030.418.0

117.817.015.750.963.518.1

975.035.128.693.532.453.041.619.012.3

273.346.150.464.469.917.770.238.032.2176.922.485.560.9

Mar.1994P

_-

388.0_

_----

-_

--

517.7177.0_

____-_-_-_-

976.8-_

___---___---------

Durable goods—ContinuedFurniture and fixtures—Continued

Office furniturePublic building and related furniturePartitions and fixturesMiscellaneous furniture and fixtures

Stone, clay, and glass productsFlat glassGlass and glassware, pressed or blown

Glass containersPressed and blown glass, nee

Products of purchased glassCement, hydraulicStructural clay productsPottery and related productsConcrete, gypsum, and plaster products

Concrete block and brickConcrete products, neeReady-mixed concrete

Misc. nonmetallic mineral productsAbrasive productsAsbestos productsMineral wool

Primary metal industriesBlast furnaces and basic steel products

Blast furnaces and steel millsSteel pipe and tubes

Iron and steel foundriesGray and ductile iron foundriesMalleable iron foundriesSteel foundries, nee :....

Primary nonferrous metalsPrimary aluminum

Nonferrous rolling and drawingCopper rolling and drawingAluminum sheet, plate, and foilNonferrous wire drawing and insulating

Nonferrous foundries (castings)Aluminum foundries

Fabricated metal productsMetal cans and shipping containers

Metal cansCutlery, handtools, and hardware

Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsawsHardware, nee

Plumbing and heating, except electricPlumbing fixture fittings and trimHeating equipment, except electric

Fabricated structural metal productsFabricated structural metalMetal doors, sash, and trimFabricated plate work (boiler shops)Sheet metal workArchitectural metal work

Screw machine products, bolts, etcScrew machine productsBolts, nuts, rivets, and washers

Metal forgings and stampingsIron and steel forgingsAutomotive stampingsMetal stampings, nee


66





(In thousands)

Industry1987SICCode

34734713479348348334934943496

3535135113519352352335335313532353335353537354354135423544354535463553552355535563563561356235633564356635683573571

3575,8,9358358535935923596,9

363613612361336236213625363363236333634

Feb.1993

113.370.942.461.537.8

222.324.151.4

1,909.487.928.559.498.670.9

206.177.515.537.233.925.0

305.436.915.2

141.248.523.6145.615.420.922.8

234.031.037.725.230.916.019.3

373.4222.4

57.1171.9116.9286.520.6

223.6

1,513.782.040.941.1156.778.059.3116.926.017.928.2

All

Mar.1993

114.571.642.960.636.9

222.424.151.2

1,908.187.928.459.599.271.3

205.777.515.537.033.525.2

305.336.815.1

141.348.623.4145.915.521.022.8

233.330.737.025.130.916.119.3

369.7218.9

56.7174.5119.0286.620.5

224.0

1,515.681.940.941.0156.778.159.2120.227.418.029.0

employees

Jan.1994

114.771.842.955.032.6

225.123.952.0

1,903.289.628.760.9101.473.4

209.179.614.437.335.526.1

308.936.315.1

144.548.424.1146.115.519.922.6

232.729.635.725.131.916.119.8

346.4197.1

55.0179.8122.0289.221.5

225.8

1,515.680.440.140.3160.080.459.9121.827.118.729.3

Feb.1994P

115.472.343.154.832.4

224.723.551.8

1,908.289.728.661.1102.474.2

209.579.714.337.635.526.1

309.736.215.3

145.248.524.0146.815.819.922.6

233.329.535.825.731.716.119.8

344.4196.3

54.3181.8123.8290.621.6

226.9

1,517.380.840.540.3160.880.960.1121.826.719.028.9

Mar.1994P

_

____-

1,915.1__

_____-______-_____-__-____-

_

____-

1,523.1-_

______-

Production workers1

Feb.1993

87.454.532.935.119.0

160.417.538.8

1,152.355.116.838.371.449.5124.446.79.2

24.018.816.4

214.522.39.4

107.833.816.083.710.311.413.5

148.817.230.313.920.811.212.7

125.457.3

25.9119.985.6

209.116.5

168.1

964.556.829.127.7109.760.335.892.722.013.521.6

Mar.1993

88.555.333.234.218.1

160.917.738.6

1,154.255.116.738.472.150.1124.547.09.2

23.818.516.6

214.822.39.4

108.033.915.983.910.311.513.5

148.417.029.413.820.911.312.9

124.556.7

25.5121.987.3

209.016.6

168.3

967.956.829.227.6109.960.635.795.723.513.722.2

Jan.1994

89.455.733.730.715.9

163.517.739.4

1,168.856.416.939.574.652.5130.550.88.4

24.820.017.2

217.522.29.5

110.133.516.484.210.410.413.8

147.616.228.213.621.411.213.2

119.252.8

23.2126.489.8

212.417.5

170.4

971.156.329.027.3111.762.035.698.323.615.022.8

Feb.1994P

90.156.233.930.615.7

163.717.439.2

1,177.356.516.839.775.953.3130.951.08.4

25.119.917.2

218.822.29.6

110.933.616.584.710.610.413.7

148.216.228.313.821.511.213.3

120.454.0

23.4127.991.2

214.017.8

171.5

972.756.829.427.4112.762.635.898.823.115.422.9

Mar.1994P

__

__--

1,183.9-__--_

________-__-__-_-__

__-

_

-___-

978.8_________

-

Durable goods—ContinuedFabricated metal products—Continued

Metal services, neePlating and polishingMetal coating and allied services

Ordnance and accessories, neeAmmunition, except for small arms, nee

Miscellaneous fabricated metal productsValves and pipe fittings, neeMisc. fabricated wire products

Industrial machinery and equipmentEngines and turbines

Turbines and turbine generator setsInternal combustion engines, nee

Farm and garden machineryFarm machinery and equipment

Construction and related machineryConstruction machineryMining machineryOil and gas field machineryConveyors and conveying equipmentIndustrial trucks and tractors

Metalworking machineryMachine tools, metal cutting typesMachine tools, metal forming typesSpecial dies, tools, jigs, and fixturesMachine tool accessoriesPower driven handtools

Special industry machineryTextile machineryPrinting trades machineryFood products machinery

General industrial machineryPumps and pumping equipmentBall and roller bearingsAir and gas compressorsBlowers and fansSpeed changers, drives, and gearsPower transmission equipment, nee

Computer and office equipmentElectronic computersComputer terminals, calculators, and

office machines, neeRefrigeration and service machinery

Refrigeration and heating equipmentMisc. industrial and commercial machinery

Carburetors, pistons, rings, valvesScales, balances, and industrial machinery, nee

Electronic and other electrical equipmentElectric distribution equipment

Transformers, except electronicSwitchgear and switchboard apparatus

Electrical industrial apparatusMotors and generatorsRelays and industrial controls

Household appliancesHousehold refrigerators and freezersHousehold laundry equipmentElectric housewares and fans


67




(In thousands)

Industry1987SIC

Code

All employees

Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Production workers1

Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Durable goods—ContinuedElectronic and other electrical equipment—Continued

Electric lighting and wiring equipmentElectric lampsCurrent-carrying wiring devicesNoncurrent-carrying wiring devicesResidential lighting fixtures

Household audio and video equipmentHousehold audio and video equipment

Communications equipmentTelephone and telegraph apparatus

Electronic components and accessoriesElectron tubesSemiconductors and related devicesElectronic components, nee

Misc. electrical equipment and suppliesStorage batteriesEngine electrical equipment

Transportation equipmentMotor vehicles and equipment

Motor vehicles and car bodiesTruck and bus bodiesMotor vehicle parts and accessoriesTruck trailers

Aircraft and partsAircraftAircraft engines and engine partsAircraft parts and equipment, nee

Ship and boat building and repairingShip building and repairingBoat building and repairing

Railroad equipmentGuided missiles, space vehicles, and parts

Guided missiles and space vehiclesMiscellaneous transportation equipment

Travel trailers and campers

Instruments and related productsSearch and navigation equipmentMeasuring and controlling devices

Environmental controlsProcess control instrumentsInstruments to measure electricity

Medical instruments and suppliesSurgical and medical instrumentsSurgical appliances and supplies

Ophthalmic goodsPhotographic equipment and suppliesWatches, clocks, watchcases, and parts

Miscellaneous manufacturing industriesJewelry, silverware, and plated ware

Jewelry, precious metalMusical instrumentsToys and sporting goods

Dolls, games, toys, and children's vehiclesSporting and athletic goods, nee

Pens, pencils, office, and art suppliesCostume jewelry and notions

Costume jewelryMiscellaneous manufactures

Signs and advertising specialties


36436413643364436453653651366366136736713674367936936913694

3737137113713371437153723721372437283733731373237437637613793792

3838138238223823382538438413842385386387

3939139113933943942,4394939539639613993993

173.820.964.019.220.580.656.5

233.7107.7520.124.8

214.1122.1149.924.463.1

1,763.0816.1316.634.1

420.027.2

570.2312.0118.3139.9161.0115.645.427.8

126.891.444.917.8

897.3210.3281.542.557.174.2

265.7108.597.037.694.0

8.2

356.949.436.413.0

105.841.264.631.328.316.6

129.152.5

173.620.963.819.220.881.356.4

232.8106.9520.724.5

214.8122.1148.424.261.8

1,751.3813.4315.734.2

AM A27.7

562.4309.8115.4137.2160.6114.845.827.6

125.490.645.518.1

894.6208.7280.842.457.273.8

265.9108.796.937.693.38.3

360.649.436.513.1

106.641.165.531.129.317.5

131.153.3

174.620.764.619.420.484.358.4

227.7102.7515.923.5

216.3122.3150.925.065.0

1,701.2847.3328.535.6

434.431.1

501.2282.4102.3116.5152.8107.645.228.1

109.578.245.719.8

857.4188.8271.641.555.770.5

262.5109.694.037.588.7

8.3

355.349.336.713.2

103.240.263.030.528.317.0

130.854.4

175.820.764.819.620.583.357.7

227.6103.0515.623.6

216.4121.8151.625.165.6

1,696.0849.7328.135.8

436.431.5

493.3277.9100.5114.9153.5107.745.827.8

108.677.546.620.1

854.6187.1270.941.655.470.3

262.7109.993.937.588.2

8.2

355.848.636.413.3

104.340.663.730.128.016.7

131.554.6

1,696.8851.9

488.9

852.1

358.2

125.417.042.513.915.553.035.4

119.659.9

304.116.690.279.4

103.218.648.3

1,118.0627.4230.026.9

334.821.5

268.4128.858.880.8

124.987.737.220.935.423.729.014.4

440.567.1

146.128.627.335.8

154.765.762.125.440.6

6.6

255.735.225.910.676.629.047.620.521.112.391.735.6

125.117.042.513.815.753.535.2

119.759.8

305.216.590.879.3

102.018.547.4

1,112.8626.0229.626.9

332.922.1

264.3127.457.879.1

125.287.637.620.435.123.529.614.7

438.767.0

145.228.427.335.4

154.164.961.925.340.5

6.6

258.735.125.810.777.228.648.620.521.812.993.436.2

126.416.343.514.115.656.136.9

116.256.1

300.115.991.379.4

106.019.450.4

1,095.4650.6233.928.4

349.225.1

230.3113.650.166.6

118.581.337.221.031.420.531.216.3

418.858.5

138.027.226.332.9

151.966.359.225.238.5

6.7

251.734.925.710.672.526.745.820.221.412.592.136.7

126.716.343.414.315.555.036.3

116.656.4

299.716.091.578.9

106.419.450.8

1,095.9654.4234.9

28.7351.1

25.5226.7111.649.665.5

118.580.737.820.831.120.332.216.6

417.757.8

137.927.426.132.9

151.966.159.425.138.3

6.7

253.034.025.210.774.027.346.720.221.312.592.836.5

1,098.5655.7

416.9

255.4

68





(In thousands)

Industry1987SIC

oode

2020120112013201520220222026203203220332037204204120482052051

2052,3206206120622063206420720820822086209

21211

22221222223224225225122522253225422572262261226222722822812282229

232312322321232523262332331233523372339

Feb.1993

7,7111,606.8

440.0136.389.7

214.0148.538.568.6

214.422.662.843.1

122.619.541.7

204.0146.1

57.999.48.24.58.2

49.231.3

171.637.992.5

175.0

49.133.9

666.086.268.817.421.7

197.128.838.855.726.626.567.329.923.660.097.477.613.350.1

989.244.2

275.466.783.540.4

306.334.851.729.2

190.6

All

Mar.1993

7,7041,601.6

439.8135.389.4

215.1148.838.568.4

212.521.662.342.6

121.719.341.7

203.6146.2

57.496.9

8.14.97.3

47.931.3

173.138.592.7

173.9

46.033.2

663.584.768.617.621.6

196.628.638.955.026.526.967.730.223.760.196.477.112.950.2

988.543.2

275.266.083.640.5

307.835.252.528.7

191.4

employees

Jan.1994

7,6321,597.6

442.2133.491.2

217.6146.638.068.9

210.623.261.339.7

121.319.341.2

205.6145.8

59.8102.0

8.94.8

10.349.930.2

171.836.494.7

167.3

47.432.0

659.083.668.617.721.6

188.726.138.852.324.625.868.931.423.562.196.876.313.751.0

939.442.9

263.460.080.740.5

277.031.145.124.1

176.7

Feb.1994P

7,6321,597.3

442.3132.590.4

219.4146.638.068.5

211.422.561.741.2

121.619.341.2

205.1145.2

59.999.58.84.89.1

49.629.9

172.036.094.7

168.9

44.831.2

660.584.268.417.821.5

189.825.739.353.424.425.668.831.223.762.796.075.613.651.3

944.442.2

264.760.381.540.4

278.731.746.124.1

176.8

Mar.1994P

7,6301,597.3

__-_______

-___-

___

-_____-

42.9-

660.4____

___

_

__

__-

942.9_________-

Production workers1

Feb.1993

5,3711,164.8

373.7114.067.9

191.893.130.835.6

175.418.949.937.087.612.927.0

130.686.2

44.477.16.43.17.2

39.121.475.422.733.4

130.5

37.125.7

567.276.458.314.518.3

171.025.534.948.523.022.455.024.618.948.786.869.711.438.2

828.236.5

236.757.172.835.1

256.628.241.424.2

162.8

Mar.1993

5,3711,159.5

373.5113.367.6

192.693.830.835.6

173.117.949.136.786.712.927.0

130.086.2

43.874.76.33.56.2

37.921.376.723.333.5

129.7

34.225.0

564.875.158.214.718.2

170.225.334.947.722.822.755.324.918.948.686.369.511.238.2

830.336.0

237.056.473.035.3

258.528.742.223.7

163.9

Jan.1994

5,3231,160.3

374.9112.170.3

192.592.030.836.0

171.219.248.133.987.113.226.4

133.987.5

46.478.76.83.49.1

39.620.979.222.936.4

122.4

36.324.2

560.674.857.915.018.0

162.723.034.744.921.321.756.626.218.749.786.669.011.839.3

784.335.6

226.851.570.035.4

230.525.135.419.5

150.5

Feb.1994P

5,3301,161.3

375.7112.069.7

194.091.930.735.8

172.018.548.635.387.313.226.3

133.186.6

46.577.0

6.73.47.9

39.620.879.822.836.5

123.7

33.823.6

561.574.957.815.218.0

163.622.435.145.821.221.756.425.918.950.185.868.311.739.7

791.235.2

228.051.870.735.2

233.025.836.919.6

150.7

Mar.1994P

5,3331,161.6

__-____-_______-

__________-

32.3-

562.0_________________-

790.6_________-

Nondurable goodsFood and kindred products

Meat productsMeat packing plantsSausages and other prepared meatsPoultry slaughtering and processing

Dairy productsCheese, natural and processedFluid milk

Preserved fruits and vegetablesCanned specialtiesCanned fruits and vegetablesFrozen fruits and vegetables

Grain mill productsFlour and other grain mill productsPrepared feeds, nee

Bakery productsBread, cake, and related productsCookies, crackers, and frozen bakery products,

except breadSugar and confectionery products

Raw cane sugarCane sugar refiningBeet sugarCandy and other confectionery products

Fats and oilsBeverages

Malt beveragesBottled and canned soft drinks

Misc. food and kindred products

Tobacco productsCigarettes

Textile mill productsBroadwoven fabric mills, cottonBroadwoven fabric mills, syntheticsBroadwoven fabric mills, woolNarrow fabric millsKnitting mills

Women's hosiery, except socksHosiery, neeKnit outerwear millsKnit underwear millsWeft knit fabric mills

Textile finishing, except woolFinishing plants, cottonFinishing plants, synthetics

Carpets and rugsYarn and thread mills

Yarn spinning millsThrowing and winding mills

Miscellaneous textile goods

Apparel and other textile productsMen's and boys' suits and coatsMen's and boys' furnishings

Men's and boys' shirtsMen's and boys' trousers and slacksMen's and boys' work clothing

Women's and misses' outerwearWomen's and misses' blouses and shirtsWomen's, juniors', and misses' dressesWomen's and misses' suits and coatsWomen's and misses' outerwear, nee


69




(In thousands)

Industry1987SIC

Code

All employees

Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Production workers1

Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Nondurable goods—ContinuedApparel and other textile products—Continued

Women's and children's undergarmentsWomen's and children's underwearBrassieres, girdles, and allied garments

Girls' and children's outerwearGirls' and children's dresses and blouses

Misc. apparel and accessoriesMisc. fabricated textile products

Curtains and draperiesHouse furnishings, neeAutomotive and apparel trimmings

Paper and allied productsPaper millsPaperboard millsPaperboard containers and boxes

Corrugated and solid fiber boxesSanitary food containersFolding paperboard boxes

Misc. converted paper productsPaper, coated and laminated, neeBags: plastics, laminated, and coatedEnvelopes

Printing and publishingNewspapersPeriodicalsBooks

Book publishingBook printing

Miscellaneous publishingCommercial printing

Commercial printing, lithographicCommercial printing, nee

Manifold business formsBlankbooks and bookbindingPrinting trade services

Chemicals and allied productsIndustrial inorganic chemicals

Industrial inorganic chemicals, neePlastics materials and synthetics

Plastics materials and resinsOrganic fibers, noncellulosic

DrugsPharmaceutical preparations

Soap, cleaners, and toilet goodsSoap and other detergentsPolishing, sanitation, and finishing preparationsToilet preparations

Paints and allied productsIndustrial organic chemicals

Cyclic crudes and intermediatesIndustrial organic chemicals, nee

Agricultural chemicalsMiscellaneous chemical products

Petroleum and coal productsPetroleum refiningAsphalt paving and roofing materials

Rubber and misc. plastics productsTires and inner tubesRubber and plastics footwearHose, belting, gaskets, and packing

Rubber and plastics hose and beltingFabricated rubber products, neeMiscellaneous plastics products, nee


70

234234123422362361238239239123922396

26262263265265326562657267267226732677

272712722732731273227427527522759276278279

28281281928228212824283283428428412842,3284428528628652869287289

29291295

303013023053052306308

55.743.911.847.319.240.9

198.519.151.152.7

679.9169.051.5

209.6121.916.149.1

236.144.436.023.9

1,500.7450.7124.1118.681.637.081.3

527.9347.9161.347.266.259.3

1,074.8136.788.6

169.383.059.0

259.1213.3152.641.942.668.157.7

151.825.3

123.257.490.2

152.9116.824.4

875.983.510.559.223.0

100.6622.1

55.943.912.046.018.541.2

198.119.351.152.2

679.5168.751.5

209.5122.1

16.148.8

236.244.535.723.9

1,501.5449.4124.5119.182.137.081.0

529.9348.9162.446.966.359.5

1,074.8136.788.7

168.982.958.8

259.3213.5152.641.842.468.457.8

151.625.3

123.057.790.2

152.9116.025.3

880.383.710.859.323.0

100.9625.6

53.441.511.942.718.037.3

201.719.551.154.1

672.5166.050.9

209.9123.615.947.8

232.643.935.623.6

1,508.0450.9125.6122.283.538.780.6

534.0350.0165.147.264.757.2

1,054.0133.186.0

163.681.355.6

260.7215.0150.140.942.566.757.2

145.525.2

117.155.888.0

147.7112.923.3

892.082.510.361.223.6

101.5636.5

53.241.212.042.917.938.4

203.019.551.454.7

671.7165.550.6

209.5123.5

16.047.8

233.043.935.523.6

1,507.1450.2125.4123.283.639.680.5

534.5350.6165.346.564.357.1

1,050.1132.285.6

163.081.255.1

260.4214.6148.640.442.066.257.3

144.925.2

116.556.187.6

147.2112.323.4

895.682.410.661.623.7

101.9639.1

670.6

1,508.9

1,047.9

147.8

899.1

45.937.3

8.640.316.633.3

161.715.343.143.0

512.3128.439.6

163.892.114.239.6

169.921.227.018.3

829.8156.543.566.536.130.439.3

382.5251.5115.832.950.443.1

561.359.139.9

102.551.133.0

114.096.092.526.023.842.730.176.214.659.233.753.2

99.575.517.9

677.463.09.0

43.917.675.6

485.9

46.337.6

8.739.015.933.7

162.215.543.442.6

511.9128.239.5

163.792.114.339.4

170.021.226.918.3

831.6156.343.567.136.330.838.9

384.3252.3116.932.850.443.4

564.059.039.8

103.351.233.7

114.596.092.925.724.043.230.276.714.659.734.053.4

99.875.018.7

681.462.7

9.344.017.776.1

489.3

44.235.68.6

36.215.330.0

163.515.443.143.8

507.4126.939.2

163.893.314.038.7

167.520.926.518.5

829.2155.942.666.234.831.439.0

386.1252.1118.833.749.141.6

569.157.738.6

108.751.838.3

116.898.893.224.224.744.330.079.214.462.432.351.2

94.171.716.5

690.260.2

8.346.318.476.9

498.5

44.135.58.6

36.215.131.1

165.615.643.644.3

507.3126.739.0

163.293.314.038.6

168.420.926.618.5

827.9154.743.267.335.232.138.4

386.0251.8119.133.049.441.3

568.057.538.2

108.851.838.5

116.798.592.123.724.643.830.079.314.562.432.551.1

94.371.716.7

694.760.0

8.647.018.677.5

501.6

506.8

829.8

568.1

94.5

697.5





(In thousands)

Industry1987SIC

Code

All employees

Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Production workers1

Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Nondurable goods—ContinuedLeather and leather products

Leather tanning and finishingFootwear, except rubber

Men's footwear, except athleticWomen's footwear, except athletic

LuggageHandbags and personal leather goods


Transportation

Railroad transportationClass I railroads2

Local and interurban passenger transitLocal and suburban transportationTaxicabsIntercity and rural bus transportationSchool buses

Trucking and warehousingTrucking and courier services, except air ...Public warehousing and storage

Water transportationWater transportation of freight, neeWater transportation services

Transportation by airAir transportation, scheduled

Air transportation, scheduledAirports, flying fields, and services

Pipelines, except natural gas

Transportation servicesPassenger transportation arrangement

Travel agenciesFreight transportation arrangement


CommunicationsTelephone communications

Telephone communications, except radioRadio and television broadcasting

Radio broadcasting stationsTelevision broadcasting stations

Cable and other pay television services

Electric, gas, and sanitary servicesElectric servicesGas production and distributionCombination utility servicesSanitary services

Wholesale trade

Durable goodsMotor vehicles, parts, and supplies

Automobiles and other motor vehiclesMotor vehicle supplies and new parts

Furniture and home furnishingsFurnitureH o m e furnishings


3131131431433144316317

404011

41411412413415

42421422

44444449

454514512458

46

474724724473

48481481348348324833484

49491492493495

505015012501350250215023

115.815.361.328.621.810.211.5

5,656

3,459

249.2216.8

376.3159.229.322.5139.2

1,580.71,458.1119.6

160.613.3

100.0

729.1600.4494.099.7

17.9

345.4183.9146.8131.9

2,197

1,254.1875.7819.7224.5110.5114.0128.7

942.5433.2162.0189.7127.9

6,034

3,455449.0112.9266.9137.163.174.0

115.615.161.028.521.610.211.5

5,662

3,464

247.2215.1

377.7159.529.322.3

139.6

1,584.81,463.0

118.7

162.213.3

101.0

726.7600.2493.2

97.9

17.8

347.2185.0148.1132.2

2,198

1,254.6875.8819.0224.1110.2113.9129.2

942.9433.0161.0189.6129.6

6,055

3,465449.8112.9267.4137.963.474.5

113.915.160.928.621.3

9.611.2

5,649

3,483

242.5210.7

380.0162.328.822.0

142.2

1,606.81,480.5

123.0

157.712.198.1

731.7606.3488.9

96.5

17.0

347.6185.6151.2132.0

2,166

1,236.0854.3790.6225.6110.2115.4131.2

929.6424.5160.3184.4130.6

6,103

3,504460.1115.7274.0144.666.877.8

112.915.060.127.820.9

9.511.2

5,650

3,487

242.5210.7

382.6162.929.122.5

142.8

1,608.01,482.1

122.6

158.312.099.8

729.9604.2486.8

96.3

16.9

349.0187.4152.7131.5

2,163

1,237.3855.1790.7225.8110.1115.7131.4

925.7423.1160.2182.6130.0

6,112

3,511459.8115.6273.8147.267.579.7

112.6

5,676

3,515

92.912.550.722.518.77.48.2

4,733

1,621.9

346.0144.8

20.0

1,375.41,273.0

99.7

88.1

732.3

2,161

6,137

3,522

13.6

271.3144.1113.7102.9

976.0662.3621.0187.9

109.5

740.2336.9126.0144.4109.7

4,854

2,749360.6

108.6

93.012.350.522.418.67.58.3

4,736

347.2145.0

19.8

1,378.11,276.5

98.8

89.4

13.6

272.7145.1115.0102.8

975.0661.3619.3187.4

109.9

739.6336.0125.3143.7111.3

4,874

2,760361.1

109.4

91.012.550.122.118.47.27.7

4,721

349.5147.4

19.5

1,396.91,290.9

103.0

86.9

13.2

273.3146.9118.8101.7

942.5629.2581.2188.9

110.5

732.2330.8124.4140.9112.7

4,914

2,797371.2

114.2

90.412.449.921.718.17.17.5

4,721

351.6147.6

20.1

1,397.21,291.7

102.6

88.6

13.0

274.0148.4120.2101.0

942.2629.0580.7188.9

110.5

731.5330.4124.3141.2112.3

4,924

2,802371.0

115.4

89.8

4,746

4,940

71




(In thousands)

Industry1987SIC

Code

503503150395045044504550475055065063506450655075072507450850825083508450855095093

51511511251251351451415147514851551651751715172518518151825195191

52521523525526

53531533539

54541542545546

55551

Feb.1993

220.7114.938.6

742.6184.4267.7154.5130.6476.8202.7

53.0221.1267.2

91.8109.8738.2

71.4108.2303.8139.3293.0106.0

2,579241.8131.7203.7207.4853.6271.661.094.6

114.0140.2175.672.7

102.9145.194.051.1

497.1154.2

19,139

736.3419.9

65.9154.770.4

2,331.41,970.2

155.5205.7

3,162.62,823.2

50.715.5

166.3

1,980.0889.4

All

Mar.1993

221.5115.438.7

743.6184.6268.6154.0130.9478.9203.3

53.0222.6266.9

91.9109.7741.671.4

109.6304.8139.0294.3105.2

2,590243.1132.6204.0209.1856.2272.761.394.3

113.6139.8175.973.0

102.9145.494.351.1

503.0159.5

19,173

752.1425.766.0

155.379.5

2,298.61,939.6

155.5203.5

3,156.12,818.0

51.415.2

165.2

1,991 7892.0

employees

Jan.1994

231.7121.441.1

720.1184.0238.4162.3133.9494.7214.8

51.8228.1273.4

93.9111.3743.273.5

110.4308.4137.7302.5108.0

2,599247.8135.6204.6203.9870.2275.961.491.6

114.5135.5180.174.9

105.2148.196.651.5

494.2157.2

19,604

766.4445.8

66.4156.769.3

2,373.72,016.1

152.7204.9

3,205.72,847.5

55.217.5

170.0

2,052.8924.3

Feb.1994P

230.7121.840.4

720.4184.2237.8163.3134.1497.6215.5

52.3229.8274.1

94.0111.6744.773.4

111.3308.2137.8302.6108.0

2,601253.2140.0204.3202.9869.2275.9

61.891.2

112.8134.0181.275.4

105.8147.696.551.1

496.2158.3

19,486

766.4444.4

66.0155.771.5

2,281.71,938.5

146.7196.5

3,198.52,840.5

54.415.8

171.1

2,065.8929.5

Mar.1994P

__-__-___--___-_-___-

2,615-_

_

-_

_-__-

__-

19,619

__-_-

2,274.1

_-

3,203.5--_-

? 082.7

Feb.1993

178.0__

599.2__

127.2103.7370.1

___

212.8__

580.9_-_

234.8-

2,105196.0

_169.2164.2715.7

_-_92.4

106.1140.8

__

118.3_-

401.8-

16,833

603.2351.4

50.6125.955.1

2,177.91,856 4

140.3181.2

2,882.52,588.3

-_

148.6

1,642.7739.7

Production workers

Mar.1993

179.0_

600.7__

126.7104.1371.9

___

213.1__

584.4--__

236.2-

2,114197.2

_170.0166.1717.2

-__91.9

105.9141.5

__

118.5__

405.8-

16,859

617.6356.6

50.7126.263.8

2,147.31,828.0

140.0179.3

2,877.62,584.7

_

147.6

1,651.9741.6

Jan.1994

187.8_

581.9-_

134.0107.3385.3

--_

220.2-_

585.1____

244.4-

2,117202.8

_168.6160.7727.9

___92.8

101.2145.3

__

120.4__

397.4-

17,211

627.3371.9

51.3128.453.6

2,218.11,899.4

136.9181.8

2,918.02,609.2

-_

151.4

1,702.4768.9

Feb.1994P

186.7_

581.6__

134.7107.8387.2

__-

220.5__

587.3____

244.1-

2,122207.9

_168.4159.3727.8

-

_91.5

100.6146.5

__

119.7__

399.8-

17,083

627.6370.9

51.1127.455.5

2,127.41 822.4

130.9174.1

2,911.02,603.0

-_

152.1

1,712.9773.4

Mar.1994P

______________

__

-

_-___-_-_

________-

17,198

____-

___-

_--

-

-

Wholesale trade—ContinuedDurable goods—Continued

Lumber and other construction materialsLumber, plywood, and millworkConstruction materials, nee

Professional and commercial equipmentOffice equipmentComputers, peripherals and softwareMedical and hospital equipment

Metals and minerals, except petroleumElectrical goods

Electrical apparatus and equipmentElectrical appliances, television and radio setsElectronic parts and equipment

Hardware, plumbing, and heating equipmentHardwarePlumbing and hydronic heating supplies

Machinery, equipment, and suppliesConstruction and mining machineryFarm and garden machineryIndustrial machinery and equipmentIndustrial supplies

Misc. wholesale trade durable goodsScrap and waste materials

Nondurable goodsPaper and paper products

Stationery and office suppliesDrugs, proprietaries, and sundriesApparel, piece goods, and notionsGroceries and related products

Groceries, general lineMeats and meat productsFresh fruits and vegetables

Farm-product raw materialsChemicals and allied productsPetroleum and petroleum products

Petroleum bulk stations and terminalsPetroleum products, nee

Beer, wine, and distilled beveragesBeer and aleWine and distilled beverages

Misc. wholesale trade nondurable goodsFarm supplies

Retail trade

Building materials and garden suppliesLumber and other building materialsPaint, glass, and wallpaper storesHardware storesRetail nurseries and garden stores

General merchandise storesDepartment storesVariety storesMiscellaneous general merchandise stores

Food storesGrocery storesMeat and fish marketsDairy products storesRetail bakeries

Automotive dealers and service stationsNew and used car dealers


72





(In thousands)

Industry1987SIC

Code

All employees

Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Production workers1

Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Retail trade—ContinuedAutomotive dealers and service stations—Continued

Auto and home supply storesGasoline service stationsAutomotive dealers, nee

Apparel and accessory storesMen's and boys' clothing storesWomen's clothing storesFamily clothing storesShoe stores

Furniture and home furnishings storesFurniture and home furnishings stores

Furniture storesHousehold appliance storesRadio, television, and computer stores

Radio, television, and electronic storesRecord and prerecorded tape stores

Eating and drinking places

Miscellaneous retail establishmentsDrug stores and proprietary storesLiquor storesUsed merchandise storesMiscellaneous shopping goods stores

Sporting goods and bicycle shopsBook storesStationery storesJewelry storesGift, novelty, and souvenir shopsSewing, needlework, and piece goods

Nonstore retailersCatalog and mail-order housesMerchandising machine operators

Fuel dealersRetail stores, nee

Florists, tobacco stores, and newsstands

Finance, insurance, and real estate3

Finance

Depository institutionsCommercial banks

State commercial banksNational and commercial banks, nee

Savings institutionsFederal savings institutionsSavings institutions, except federal

Credit unions

Nondepository institutionsPersonal credit institutionsBusiness credit institutionsMortgage bankers and brokers

Security and commodity brokersSecurity brokers and dealersCommodity contracts brokers, dealers, and

exchangesSecurity and commodity services

Holding and other investment officesHolding offices


553554559

56561562565566

57571571257257357315735

58

59591592593594594159425943594459475949596596159625985995992,3,4

6060260226021,960360356036606

61614615616

62621

622,3628

67671

337.1605.4

7.0

1,113.287.9

369.6295.8200.6

826.8449.9273.5

74.4302.5123.767.6

6,520.0

2,468.5603.4111.580.7

824.0152.994.473.1

138.2168.463.1

294.1165.777.7

102.7452.1167.0

6,520

3,173

2,101.61,481.2

605.0876.2357.0192.0165.0142.3

400.5125.180.2

178.4

448.7343.6

22.782.4

222.199.1

341.9605.3

7.0

1,108.687.6

369.0294.3199.2

828.2452.9275.7

73.7301.6124.266.7

6,607.9

2,429.6602.3111.481.2

811.1151.791.072.0

133.9166.363.3

290.8161.877.9

100.8432.0146.6

6,533

3,179

2,103.01,483.0

606.1876.9356.7191.3165.4142.7

401.3124.680.0

179.9

451.1345.4

22.783.0

223.599.3

355.1611.4

5.8

1,136.389.9

367.8314.1201.6

868.2477.4290.2

71.2319.6137.768.0

6,689.2

2,511.7612.5112.984.0

870.3176.599.673.7

144.0170.960.6

267.0142.977.0

103.9461.1154.5

6,602

3,256

2,122.01,494.5

619.6874.9357.7191.0166.7147.5

428.1122.879.7

208.0

479.5370.9

23.285.4

226.498.0

355.9614.5

5.8

1,094.886.3

351.7301.1197.5

865.4478.2291.3

70.1317.1136.466.8

6,717.1

2,496.6607.1112.784.4

842.0171.396.774.3

140.8164.657.3

264.5140.777.0

104.2481.7177.3

6,607

3,266

2,120.71,495.2

619.4875.8355.5191.1164.4147.3

433.9125.579.9

210.7

482.6373.6

23.585.5

229.298.3

1,096.1

6,839.0

265.4520.7

5.8

917.870.9

302.1254.8158.3

670.9364.8

60.5245.6100.954.9

5,886.5

269.1520.6

5.8

910.770.4

300.7252.8156.5

671.4367.5

59.9244.0101.153.9

5,967.2

2,051.8504.8

67.2679.7

2,015.0504.5

67.7666.5

281.1524.5

4.9

929.172.4

295.7268.5158.4

707.2389.2

58.0260.0112.954.6

6,019.7

2,089.6510.9

69.8730.3

281.2527.2

4.9

889.368.9

280.8256.4154.2

703.0389.2

56.5257.3111.653.5

6,038.3

2,073.8506.8

70.2700.9

6,633

3,279

2,127.1

251.3

85.2373.8

4,718

1,519.71,054.6

432.1622.5

112.6

301.793.9

248.7

84.1354.2

4,731

1,521.21,056.3

432.8623.5

112.9

302.093.2

226.1

86.4375.0

4,799

1,533.31,062.2

443.8618.4

117.2

322.089.8

223.4

86.6395.2

4,804

1,532.71,063.1

443.5619.6

117.1

324.191.9

4,827

52.8 53.4 55.9 55.7

73




(In thousands)

Industry1987SIC

Code

All employees

Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Production workers1

Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Finance, insurance, and real estate—ContinuedInsurance

Insurance carriersLife insuranceMedical service and health insurance

Hospital and medical service plansFire, marine, and casualty insuranceTitle insurance

Insurance agents, brokers, and service

Real estateReal estate operators and lessorsReal estate agents and managersSubdividers and developers

Services

Agricultural servicesVeterinary servicesLandscape and horticultural services

Hotels and other lodging placesHotels and motels

Personal servicesLaundry, cleaning, and garment servicesPhotographic studios, portraitBeauty shopsFuneral service and crematoriesMiscellaneous personal services

Business servicesAdvertising

Advertising agenciesCredit reporting and collectionMailing, reproduction, and stenographic services

Photocopying and duplicating servicesServices to buildingsMiscellaneous equipment rental and leasing

Heavy construction equipment rentalPersonnel supply services

Employment agenciesHelp supply services

Computer and data processing servicesComputer programming servicesPrepackaged softwareComputer integrated systems designData processing and preparationInformation retrieval servicesComputer maintenance and repair

Miscellaneous business servicesDetective and armored car servicesSecurity systems servicesPhotofinishing laboratories

Auto repair, services, and parkingAutomotive rentals, without drivers

Passenger car rentalAutomobile parkingAutomotive repair shops

Automotive and tire repair shopsGeneral automotive repair shops


63,64

636316326324633636

64

65651653655

07074078

70701

72721722723726729

7373173117327337334734735735373673617363737737173727373737473757378738738173827384

7575175147527537532,47538

2,108

1,461.2524.3269.1208.5545.764.2

646.6

1,239538.4564.7104.0

29,386

421.3137.6243.1

1,490.81,451.3

1,136.2411.1

66.8383.285.3

169.9

5,424.8222.7150.7116.1235.0

52.2801.6201.4

37.91,727.6

234.01,493.6

865.7176.9138.6107.4212.947.742.5

1,254.7469.3

38.470.8

895.4158.398.257.4

504.3175.4209.8

2,109

1,461.1523.6269.5208.9545.764.4

647.6

1,245541.1567.5104.5

29,612

443.4137.9264.7

1,503.91,461.7

1,136.1412.8

67.6382.786.2

166.8

5,497.7223.9151.4116.2235.1

51.8807.7203.1

38.51,797.4

246.11,551.3

867.5177.6139.6108.2211.6

48.642.5

1,246.8468.2

38.471.3

902.5159.999.457.1

507.2177.4211.2

2,103

1,461.4511.4276.3215.7537.2

77.5

642.0

1,243535.9568.9102.3

30,154

452.3141.1270.5

1,507.71,466.7

1,130.1421.2

74.2377.8

89.0149.3

5,837.7227.5152.8114.2255.5

55.1827.4215.940.5

2,030.2283.9

1,746.3916.5188.3148.5114.6221.2

52.541.6

1,250.5477.2

37.272.1

956.6175.9109.758.6

537.8187.8224.3

2,101

1,459.9510.9276.2215.5536.0

77.8

641.2

1,240532.2570.1102.1

30,453

440.7140.4259.6

1,510.91,468.5

1,135.5417.7

73.7376.0

89.0160.8

5,876.9229.9154.6114.6257.2

55.7833.3215.8

40.92,048.0

290.81,757.2

923.6190.1149.1115.7223.7

52.842.0

1,254.5480.2

37.169.9

970.1180.1112.657.8

542.1188.9226.8

2,101

1,000.8324.6219.9174.5356.8

1,002.6324.4220.5175.0358.0

1,023.2329.5224.9179.6355.8

1,025.6330.8224.6179.4356.4

1,253

30,813

466.1

1,538.2

1,137.2

5,986.0

2,132.4

25,642

343.0114.6195.5

1,276.8

362.5

342.9

153.1

4,796.8160.3

42.7719.0160.031.4

1,445.0702.1145.9

81.9

38.236.2

1,104.9438.3

32.8

25,849

362.9114.6215.1

1,286.2

363.5

342.3

149.3

4,864.7161.5

42.3724.7162.132.2

1,499.8703.7146.5

82.4

39.336.1

1,095.8

26,277

370.2117.5219.5

1,283.5

370.9

338.5

130.5

5,178.2166.1

44.9741.3171.533.8

1,690.1744.5159.6

85.1

40.534.3

1,095.1

987.3 735.6126.078.451.1

407.5143.8170.2

437.132.7

741.7127.879.950.7

410.0145.4171.6

445.231.7

784.9141.889.152.2

434.2154.4181.5

26,565

359.1116.6209.5

1,286.8

367.6

337.1

140.7

5,215.5168.3

45.3746.7171.234.0

1,700.4750.5160.3

86.0

40.734.7

1,100.4448.3

31.7

26,897

796.3145.792.151.4

437.2155.0183.5

74





(In thousands)

Industry1987SIC

Code

All employees

Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Production workers1

Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Services—ContinuedAuto repair, services, and parking—Continued

Automotive services, except repairCarwashes

Miscellaneous repair servicesElectrical repair shops

Motion picturesMotion picture production and servicesMotion picture theaters

Amusement and recreation servicesBowling centersMisc. amusement and recreation services

Physical fitness facilitiesMembership sports and recreation clubs

Health servicesOffices and clinics of medical doctorsOffices and clinics of dentistsOffices and clinics of other health practitionersOffices and clinics of chiropractors and optometrists

Nursing and personal care facilitiesSkilled nursing care facilitiesIntermediate care facilitiesNursing and personal care, nee

HospitalsGeneral medical and surgical hospitalsPsychiatric hospitalsSpecialty hospitals, excluding psychiatric

Medical and dental laboratoriesHome health care services

Legal services

Educational servicesElementary and secondary schoolsColleges and universitiesVocational schools

Social servicesIndividual and family servicesJob training and related servicesChild day care servicesResidential careSocial services, nee

Museums and botanical and zoological gardens

Membership organizationsBusiness associationsProfessional organizationsLabor organizationsCivic and social associations

Engineering and management services ...,Engineering and architectural services

Engineering servicesArchitectural servicesSurveying services

Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping


7547542

76762

78781783

7979379979917997

808018028048041,2805805180528059806806280638069807808

81

82821822824

83832833835836839

84

86861862863864

87871871187128713872

175.4103.9

345.2110.3

417.3174.5102.0

1,053.694.6

697.9122.2230.1

8,737.41,517.7

552.0342.2152.3

1,582.91,127.2

225.7230.0

3,806.73,500.2

102.6203.9188.0442.9

919.9

1,830.9487.8

1,132.777.3

2,025.4542.1280.4468.9556.1177.9

67.8

1,936.0102.552.8

133.7416.1

2,499.5751.1592.8113.045.3

520.9

178.3105.6

347.4111.1

414.8170.6102.6

1,079.094.0

718.9121.0235.6

8,766.71,524.4

553.6345.3153.1

1,589.11,131.4

227.0230.7

3,807.63,500.5

102.7204.4189.2450.7

922.4

1,841.5489.6

1,139.277.6

2,044.0546.9284.0474.7559.8178.6

69.0

1,938.8102.852.7

134.4417.4

2,520.2760.4600.0114.246.2

522.7

184.3106.3

361.0116.1

422.5169.0106.7

1,016.092.9

667.4119.8219.9

8,999.31,573.9

574.8363.2158.7

1,651.11,176.5

235.3239.3

3,815.63,512.5

97.5205.6196.6506.1

927.4

1,738.6498.3

1,035.475.1

2,104.0560.0289.7483.6588.4182.3

70.5

1,937.2104.353.2

128.5418.0

2,509.9760.2594.2116.449.6

501.7

190.1110.9

362.7115.7

427.1176.3103.6

1,044.693.8

691.5121.8224.5

9,015.01,575.1

576.7366.5159.5

1,655.11,181.2

236.0237.9

3,811.73,508.7

97.4205.6196.2515.0

928.2

1,873.3504.3

1,157.378.3

2,122.5563.5291.9489.5593.1184.5

70.6

1,951.5104.453.7

130.9429.3

2,540.3761.4595.7116.449.3

518.1

364.8

433.1

1,094.5

9,059.7

3,816.4

151.091.7

280.5

343.6139.2

911.585.0

606.2108.9196.3

7,755.41,240.9

483.0280.1

1,429.8

203.2

3,492.8

153.293.0

282.2

342.4136.7

934.484.3

624.3107.9201.0

7,783.41,248.1

484.5283.0

1,435.1

204.5

3,493.0

156.793.2

291.5

348.7134.7

874.683.1

577.6108.0185.6

7,970.41,285.5

503.6299.1

1,487.0

211.1

3,490.3

162.097.5

293.2

353.4142.6

900.883.4

599.3109.3190.2

7,985.71,285.6

505.5301.8

1,490.4

211.7

3,488.8

927.5

1,896.7

2,142.0

73.3

1,965.3

2,557.7

408.9

741.6

417.2

743.6

468.4

744.2

476.2

744.3

1,752.1470.4234.8415.1486.2145.6

37.6

1,904.3613.3488.1

88.037.2

381.6

1,768.4474.1238.5420.8488.9146.1

37.6

1,923.5621.1494.189.038.0

383.5

1,817.5484.6242.4426.6513.3150.6

37.4

1,915.3624.5493.290.041.3

362.6

1,834.3488.1244.9431.7516.9152.7

38.2

1,941.6623.8492.890.140.9

378.5

75




(In thousands)

Industry1987SIC

Code

All employees

Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Production workers1

Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Services—ContinuedEngineering and management services—Continued

Research and testing servicesCommercial physical researchCommercial nonphysical researchNoncommercial research organizations

Management and public relationsPublic relations services

Services, nee

Government

Federal Government4

Executive, by agency4

Department of DefensePostal Service5

Other executive agenciesLegislativeJudicial

Federal Government, by industry:Manufacturing activities

Ship building and repairingTransportation and public utilities, except Postal

ServiceServices

Hospitals

State governmentHospitalsEducationGeneral administration, including executive, legislative,

and judicial functions

Local governmentTransportation and public utilitiesHospitalsEducationGeneral administration, including executive, legislative,

and judicial functions ,

8738731873287338748743

89

3731

806

80682

80682

555.5230.9101.3141.6672.0

30.6

41.9

19,064

2,928

2,862.4895.7776.4

1,190.338.127.7

98.856.6

33.5394.3238.4

4,537417.9

1,926.6

557.6231.0102.4142.7679.5

31.1

42.1

19,170

2,926

2,860.0890.5777.2

1,192.338.327.7

98.356.4

33.5394.0238.1

4,563417.6

1,947.6

553.8229.7103.1140.4694.2

33.2

40.7

18,887

2,877

2,812.8838.5808.3

1,166.036.827.6

85.347.8

32.2394.2239.3

4,427413.4

1,797.1

557.2228.3105.5143.0703.6

33.1

40.5

19,222

2,874

84.647.1

32.1393.4238.9

4,589412.7

1,949.8

1,718.6

11,599444.7684.5

6,630.3

3,466.6

1,724.2

11,681445.3686.5

6,686.9

3,484.1

1,744.9

11,583444.6702.4

6,561.2

3,503.8

1,753.4

11,759448.5702.6

6,717.6

3,515.9

414.9160.680.2

109.7494.5

21.7

32.9

417.6160.981.4

110.3501.322.2

33.1

418.8165.980.4

108.5509.423.9

32.1

422.2165.282.3

110.7517.123.5

32.1

19,350

2,874

4,616

11,860


2 Data relate to line-haul railroads with operating revenues of$50,000,000 or more.

3 Excludes nonoffice commissioned real estate sales agents.4 Prepared by the Office of Personnel Management. Data relate to

civilian employment only and exclude the Central Intelligence Agency and

the National Security Agency.5 Includes rural mail carriers.- Data not available.p = preliminary.NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from

March 1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data areintroduced, all unadjusted data from April 1992 forward are subject torevision.

76


ESTABLISHMENT DATAWOMEN EMPLOYEES


B-13. Women employees on nonfarm payrolls by major industry and manufacturing group

(In thousands)

Industry Dec.1992

Jan.1993

Nov.1993

Dec.1993

Jan.1994

Total

Total private

Goods-producing

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing



Service-producing


Wholesale trade

Retail trade


Services


53,438

43,068

6,488

89

502

5,897

2,69911114510291

291418641362373164

3,19852817

3207741676683362529865

46,950

1,688

1,869

10,704

4,164

18,155

10,3701,2282,2576,885

52,429

42,243

6,425

89

494

5,842

2,68310914510191288419640360370160

3,15951417

3177641656643342429663

46,004

1,672

1,855

10,181

4,149

17,961

10,1861,2122,2036,771

54,299

43,744

6,435

86

517

5,832

2,66011514810291290410642344353166

3,17253816

3157441656703342430165

47,864

1,695

1,891

10,702

4,204

18,817

10,5551,1982,3087,049

54,497

43,965

6,399

86

514

5,799

2,65311514810091290410642344352162

3,14652516

3137321646733352530064

48,098

1,692

1,889

10,931

4,219

18,835

10,5321,2142,2947,024

53,316

42,989

6,332

85

504

5,743

2,63911314810091289410638342350158

3,10450815

3117201626693312430063

46,984

1,674

1,871

10,336

4,198

18,578

10,3271,1962,2176,914

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected fromMarch 1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data are

introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1992 forward are subject torevision.

77


ESTABLISHMENT DATASTATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENTNOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry

(In thousands)

State and area

Total

Feb.1993

1,688.7410.2164.0190.3141.267.7

238.2112.0

1,547.61,038.7

272.8

969.9111.284.1

266.734.5

11,968.6168.3248.0

3,726.0116.6868.2

1,108.0730.7548.6106.5940.1901.6787.9142.7141.9152.4138.6224.5

1,627.0130.8879.2

1,515.1173.1577.9233.8178.678.4

337.5263.3

667.22,287.4

5,508.1137.0535.1131.699.3

428.8152.0166.6880.3635.0134.4206.0132.4887.4369.1

Jan.1994

1,709.4419.5161.1197.1142.968.6

238.6114.7

1,590.21,066.9

280.5

984.2117.386.2

270.534.6

11,839.5169.2250.5

3,668.7117.9853.7

1,101.3733.5552.1105.1930.1898.8776.2140.9143.6152.6137.3220.9

1,674.1134.5900.8

1,512.0172.0575.2233.9182.480.1

344.2267.1

658.82,279.5

5,658.8137.2556.4135.9101.3441.7154.4167.2908.9660.9137.0209.7133.1909.8377.3

Feb.1994P

1,717.5420.7161.3198.2143.370.1

245.0114.7

1,611.41,080.3

283.9

992.9118.685.9

271.334.6

11,881.6170.5250.6

3,678.6118.5857.1

1,106.9740.4552.0105.1929.2900.0778.3141.1144.4152.0137.7222.5

1,689.5135.9906.9

1,510.5170.6575.7232.7181.878.9

342.4266.3

658.02,281.3

5,714.3141.2561.3137.9103.3444.1155.7169.2913.9667.5137.5212.7135.1918.7380.6

Mining

Feb.1993

10.62.9

0(1)C)

2.6

9.63.4

12.44.52.3

3.4(1)

.8(1)0

33.811.0

.77.4

(2)

3.1.9

1.2.4.3.4.6.2

1.0.5.1.4

2.2

15.9(1)

8.6

.8(2)

(1)

( 1 )(1)

(2 )

.1

.2

.1

.7

6.6(2)

.2(2)/2 \

l2\

3.1(2)

.4(2)

(2)

(2)

( 2 )

.4(2)

Jan.1994

11.03.1

(1)(1)0

2.6

9.23.1

12.04.32.1

3.4(1)

.9(1)(1)

33.110.6

.77.2

(2)

3.1.8

1.3.5.3.5.6.2

1.0.6.1.4

2.2

15.5(1)

8.2

.8(2)

( 1 )

o(2)

.1

.2

.1

.7

6.1(2)

.2(2)(2)

(2)

2.6(2)

.4(2)

(2)

(2)

( 2 )

.4(2)

Feb.1994P

10.83.0

(1)V)V)

2.6

9.43.2

12.04.32.1

3.4(1)

.9(1)

0

32.710.5

.67.2

(2)

3.1.8

1.3.4.3.5.6.2

1.0.6.1.4

2.2

15.4(1)

8.2

.9<*)

V)V)

.1

.2

.1

.7

6.1(2)

.2(2)(2)

(2)

2.6(2)

.4(2)

(2)

(2)

( 2 )

.4

0

Construction

Feb.1993

72.719.25.4

12.76.33.5

8.04.3

78.953.814.0

34.43.82.7

10.7.9

418.78.2

11.797.0

6.038.341.635.022.1

3.437.724.625.0

4.86.75.47.88.7

71.74.5

39.7

42.04.6

16.17.24.52.2

16.212.3

8.097.4

279.16.9

29.910.53.5

22.86.88.1

38.131.9

8.39.45.2

39.919.2

Jan.1994

74.620.4

5.513.56.53.9

9.14.9

95.265.316.9

34.74.43.1

10.6.9

425.08.2

12.794.7

6.838.241.536.124.4

3.538.725.325.8

5.17.85.78.88.3

79.25.0

42.5

41.64.4

16.47.74.42.1

16.512.6

8.195.5

292.17.5

31.811.23.4

24.07.08.2

38.734.6

9.49.55.0

40.320.8

Feb.1994P

75.720.7

5.513.66.54.0

9.74.9

97.667.017.3

35.44.33.2

10.6.8

423.98.5

12.496.56.6

37.742.236.924.13.3

37.325.325.2

5.07.85.58.28.6

77.24.6

41.5

40.64.3

15.97.34.32.0

15.612.1

8.193.6

292.37.5

31.811.43.4

24.47.18.2

38.834.9

9.39.65.2

40.220.9

AlabamaBirminghamHuntsvilleMobileMontgomeryTuscaloosa

AlaskaAnchorage

ArizonaPhoenix-MesaTucson

ArkansasFayetteville-Springdale-RogersFort SmithLittle Rock-North Little RockPine Bluff

CaliforniaBakersfieldFresnoLos Angeles-Long BeachModestoOaklandOrange CountyRiverside-San BernardinoSacramentoSalinasSan DiegoSan FranciscoSan JoseSanta Barbara-Santa Maria-LompocSanta RosaStockton-LodiVallejo-Fairfield-NapaVentura

ColoradoBoulder-LongmontDenver

ConnecticutBridgeportHartfordNew Haven-MeridenStamford-NorwalkWaterbury

DelawareWilmington-Newark

District of ColumbiaWashington PMSA

FloridaDaytona BeachFort LauderdaleFort Myers-Cape CoralGainesvilleJacksonvilleLakeland-Winter HavenMelboume-Titusville-Palm BayMiamiOrlandoPensacolaSarasota-BradentonTallahasseeTampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater ...West Palm Beach-Boca Raton


78


ESTABLISHMENT DATASTATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT


B-14. Employees on nonfarm payrolls in States and selected areas by major industry—Continued

(In thousands)

State and area

Manufacturing

Feb.1993

381.250.838.527.817.010.2

16.31.6

172.5133.023.5

239.030.925.133.2

7.1

1,822.210.027.9

680.921.8

104.5209.8

86.235.88.3

119.675.2

233.018.520.221.313.330.8

186.929.290.0

297.444.3

101.941.830.317.3

65.851.1

13.992.0

485.512.939.4

5.55.2

34.220.628.982.151.911.217.44.7

86.631.9

Jan.1994

378.851.436.627.517.610.3

11.01.6

175.7133.925.6

245.233.025.833.3

7.3

1,748.510.228.5

648.520.999.9

203.784.036.7

8.8112.773.9

225.017.620.220.713.429.3

188.529.688.2

288.242.696.542.129.117.4

63.948.8

14.093.7

482.013.140.3

5.55.1

34.519.728.381.152.211.318.24.5

87.530.6

Feb.1994?

379.251.636.827.617.510.5

15.71.5

175.4133.625.7

244.733.325.533.0

7.3

1,749.110.328.6

650.021.599.4

203.784.336.1

8.6112.174.1

223.717.820.220.613.829.3

187.929.788.2

285.642.495.141.628.917.3

62.948.6

14.093.8

481.713.040.5

5.45.1

34.319.628.581.752.311.318.24.4

87.830.3

Transportation andpublic utilities

Feb.1993

83.029.4

3.110.95.82.2

21.311.8

76.653.711.1

55.57.54.9

17.22.1

598.08.3

12.4197.7

5.455.036.236.823.4

5.035.376.322.64.85.89.35.5

10.2

101.63.2

71.9

68.37.1

23.915.98.13.4

14.412.7

21.5104.1

282.53.9

25.55.71.8

31.87.84.6

70.636.5

6.05.33.2

40.914.5

Jan.1994

84.329.6

3.111.05.92.2

21.411.8

77.554.711.1

55.68.05.0

17.42.0

594.48.2

12.4196.4

5.654.737.237.023.9

5.035.474.722.3

4.85.89.65.5

10.2

103.83.5

73.0

69.27.1

24.216.08.53.4

14.813.1

20.5104.1

283.73.8

26.25.81.9

31.87.94.7

73.237.4

5.75.23.2

41.714.1

Feb.1994P

84.429.4

3.211.05.92.2

21.511.9

77.154.411.1

55.68.05.1

17.51.9

593.88.2

12.3196.0

5.654.337.737.223.8

5.035.674.522.4

4.55.99.45.5

10.2

104.23.5

73.3

68.77.0

24.115.68.63.4

14.913.2

20.6103.6

284.63.7

26.15.81.9

32.27.94.8

73.337.2

5.85.23.1

42.014.0


Feb.1993

365.598.929.648.331.514.2

44.224.7

379.3253.863.7

211.828.816.761.5

7.1

2,771.540.061.6

818.130.4

202.7274.7192.6122.327.7

221.5189.5155.933.135.737.635.153.4

390.227.2

211.6

323.438.1

118.748.141.415.7

71.953.1

52.0426.1

1,444.438.6

155.237.420.3

111.042.036.9

231.6158.832.251.927.6

230.8100.8

Jan.1994

377.1102.430.450.732.315.1

47.126.0

390.9262.3

64.5

216.930.517.663.0

7.1

2,756.340.561.3

808.330.8

203.3271.9194.1124.627.7

217.5187.7154.534.235.937.934.952.9

410.528.0

222.5

324.637.6

118.947.242.616.6

74.754.4

50.7429.2

1,468.238.7

159.938.720.6

114.343.437.7

236.8161.933.351.629.4

230.0103.0

Feb.1994?

377.0102.630.250.732.315.0

46.525.5

392.2263.2

64.9

217.930.517.463.0

7.1

2,745.440.460.7

801.330.6

202.2270.3194.1123.227.6

216.0186.6153.934.135.937.934.751.9

411.128.5

222.9

319.136.9

118.446.442.215.9

73.953.4

50.3424.2

1,483.640.0

161.339.521.2

114.343.838.4

237.4163.333.352.129.7

232.1103.4


AlaskaAnchorage



CaliforniaBakersfieldFresnoLos Angeles-Long BeachModestoOaklandOrange CountyRiverside-San BernardinoSacramentoSalinasSan DiegoSan FranciscoSan JoseSanta Barbara-Santa Maria-LompocSanta RosaStockton-LodiVallejo-Fairfield-Napa ....Ventura ....





FloridaDaytona BeachFort LauderdaleFort Myers-Cape CoralGainesvilleJacksonvilleLakeland-Winter HavenMelboume-Titusville-Palm BayMiamiOrlandoPensacolaSarasota-BradentonTallahasseeTampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater ....West Palm Beach-Boca Raton


79




(In thousands)

State and area


Feb.1993

74.529.54.48.18.22.2

10.66.5

97.678.511.9

39.13.82.7

15.91.4

785.25.8

13.8250.1

4.958.292.931.739.6

6.661.3

100.631.2

7.49.98.85.4

12.1

103.24.7

68.5

139.310.580.415.019.14.1

33.328.8

32.2132.8

353.26.2

39.48.24.3

43.87.65.2

61.837.9

5.310.55.1

63.325.4

Jan.1994

76.631.14.58.48.42.3

11.26.9

100.880.512.5

40.64.22.9

16.51.3

778.15.8

14.2245.6

4.758.290.331.740.6

6.459.5

100.530.8

7.19.98.55.3

12.3

108.55.3

71.6

137.610.978.814.819.84.3

35.830.9

29.8129.0

361.36.0

40.58.44.4

43.57.55.6

64.138.9

5.110.65.2

65.125.3

Feb.1994P

76.531.1

4.58.48.32.3

11.16.8

100.980.812.4

40.64.22.8

16.51.3

777.85.8

14.2245.0

4.858.190.631.840.9

6.459.4

100.530.9

7.19.98.55.3

12.3

108.85.2

72.1

136.510.878.114.819.84.2

35.931.0

30.2130.8

363.36.0

40.68.64.4

43.77.55.6

64.439.1

5.010.65.2

65.525.4

Feb.1993

357.4112.142.849.935.110.7

53.730.3

437.2301.281.4

213.720.421.673.5

7.6

3,435.039.560.3

1,137.627.2

233.8322.5190.2142.227.7

283.5303.6232.043.137.634.934.663.0

457.736.8

248.3

433.850.1

148.873.758.623.6

86.269.7

253.5795.6

1,768.543.9

170.242.727.0

122.540.257.9

267.6239.7

40.587.631.3

301.0130.2

Services

Jan.1994

362.4114.040.952.835.410.2

54.630.7

453.2310.8

83.2

218.121.621.674.9

7.9

3,424.539.760.6

1,136.227.5

230.8327.2191.7143.027.4

284.5307.9230.741.938.435.534.863.0

475.338.7

257.3

444.651.0

155.475.461.323.4

89.472.0

252.1799.7

1,864.243.1

180.644.228.8

129.241.557.6

282.2255.5

43.190.031.0

320.7136.1

Feb.1994P

366.9114.641.153.835.710.9

55.331.0

458.6315.3

83.5

221.621.621.675.5

7.9

3,457.540.260.9

1,147.127.8

234.5330.4194.4143.527.7

285.9309.2234.1

42.138.735.235.363.7

480.238.6

259.4

448.350.7

155.776.361.023.2

89.672.2

253.8803.8

1,891.245.4

182.645.029.1

130.042.358.3

285.0259.0

43.392.331.3

325.1138.3

Feb.1993

343.867.440.232.637.322.1

74.529.4

293.1160.264.9

173.016.09.6

54.78.3

2,104.245.559.6

537.220.9

172.6129.4157.0162.827.5

180.8131.288.030.025.535.036.544.1

299.825.2

140.6

210.118.488.132.116.612.1

49.635.4

286.0638.7

888.324.675.321.537.262.423.924.9

128.177.930.623.855.1

124.547.1

Government

Jan.1994

344.667.540.133.236.822.0

75.029.7

284.9155.164.6

169.715.69.3

54.88.1

2,079.646.060.1

531.821.6

165.5128.7157.6158.426.0

181.3128.286.929.225.034.634.242.7

292.824.4

137.5

205.418.485.030.716.712.9

49.035.1

283.5627.6

901.225.076.922.037.164.024.825.0

132.480.028.824.554.6

124.147.4

Feb.1994P

347.067.740.033.137.122.6

75.829.9

297.6161.766.9

173.716.79.4

55.28.3

2,101.446.660.9

535.521.6

167.8131.2160.4160.026.2

182.4129.287.929.525.434.834.544.3

304.725.8

141.3

210.818.588.430.717.012.9

49.535.6

280.9630.8

911.525.678.222.138.264.824.925.3

132.981.329.224.656.0

125.648.3


AlaskaAnchorage








FloridaDaytona BeachFort LauderdaleFort Myers-Cape CoralGainesvilleJacksonvilleLakeland-Winter HavenMelbourne-Titusville-Palm BayMiamiOrlandoPensacolaSarasota-BradentonTallahasseeTampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater...West Palm Beach-Boca Raton


80





(In thousands)

State and area

Total

Feb.1993

3,024.150.760.2

1,586.2185.498.1

129.7116.4

540.7417.2

417.4152.4

5,194.970.191.6

3,619.9162.253.837.8

148.5151.5104.5

2,549.158.2

102.6137.5240.0242.9711.248.484.056.7

118.665.3

1,237.696.0

236.346.156.757.964.4

1,108.240.091.5

247.8

1,508.3233.5484.7

38.1

1,627.348.4

251.358.1

132.169.461.3

561.4151.0

495.138.2

119.7

Jan.1994

3,155.851.562.0

1,663.0188.5100.9134.3119.6

531.8409.4

441.6162.0

5,275.769.987.8

3,667.6163.253.138.2

149.3153.8104.2

2,576.159.3

106.0138.0242.2239.9728.749.784.558.5

119.364.3

1,270.9101.4247.548.760.459.864.5

1,134.239.193.5

246.9

1,510.1236.8492.2

38.4

1,630.049.9

255.559.3

135.873.661.9

569.7154.2

507.739.0

124.2

Feb.1994P

3,175.151.961.9

1,678.6189.0100.4134.6119.6

535.1412.6

443.3163.2

5,291.571.191.4

3,676.7163.453.338.1

149.7152.1104.7

2,582.459.9

105.5137.6242.0241.4727.549.484.758.2

118.263.5

1,275.2101.3248.1

48.759.359.865.1

1,141.839.494.4

247.5

1,523.7242.9494.6

38.6

1,643.850.0

258.659.4

136.373.962.8

573.0154.9

508.639.1

125.1

Mining

Feb.1993

7.5<2)0

1.5.2

(1)1.2

(1)

(1)0

2.00

16.2(1)(1)

1.9(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)<1)

6.5(1)(1)

1.6(1)O

.7O(1)(1)0

.4

1.8(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)

8.6(1)0

1.6

27.8.2.5.6

46.0.1.8

5.311.1

1.4.3

14.43.1

.1(2)(2)

Jan.1994

7.5(2)0)

1.4.5

(1)1.2

0)

(1)(1)

2.0(1)

15.8(1)(1)

1.9(1)0)(1)(1)(1)O

5.9(1)(1)

1.5(1)(1)

.40)(1)(1)(1)

.4

1.8000)(1)(1)(1)

8.5(1)(1)

1.5

27.6.2.6.4

45.2.1.9

5.111.5

1.3.3

14.02.9

.1(2)(2)

Feb.1994"

7.6(2)(1)

1.4.5

(1)1.1

(1)

0(1)

2.0(1)

15.5(1)(1)

1.9

0)0)(1)(1)(1)(1)

5.9(1)(1)

1.5(1)(1)

.5(1)O(1)(1)

.4

1.9(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)O

8.6(1)0

1.5

28.5.2.6.4

45.7.1.8

5.111.61.4.3

14.13.0

.1(2)(2)

Constructior

Feb.1993

117.72.41.7

63.510.73.74.15.7

32.824.4

19.38.5

170.11.82.0

119.16.52.51.45.74.83.7

103.52.53.07.39.1

13.433.3

1.12.61.75.32.7

37.14.37.81.31.61.91.9

38.01.32.9

10.2

60.710.521.5

2.2

91.82.7

30.02.76.06.02.7

24.17.1

17.01.34.9

Jan.1994

130.52.21.7

71.310.84.14.25.7

30.423.0

24.210.7

174.21.82.2

119.96.52.61.45.95.03.5

106.02.43.57.49.6

12.532.3

.92.81.96.02.4

41.14.89.51.21.61.91.8

42.91.42.9

10.8

61.39.7

21.02.2

94.63.0

30.53.06.58.02.9

25.78.8

19.41.45.0

Feb.1994P

129.42.21.6

71.910.83.94.25.5

30.022.8

23.810.5

173.01.82.1

119.46.52.51.45.84.93.5

104.72.43.47.39.1

13.232.1

.92.61.75.62.4

39.74.89.31.21.61.91.8

42.71.33.0

10.6

61.79.7

21.42.1

97.22.9

31.13.06.67.92.9

25.28.8

18.21.35.0

GeorgiaAlbanyAthensAtlantaAugusta-AikenColumbusMaconSavannah

HawaiiHonolulu

IdahoBoise City

IllinoisBloomington-NormalChampaign-UrbanaChicagoDavenport-Moline-Rock IslandDecaturKankakeePeoria-PekinRockfordSpringfield

IndianaBloomingtonElkhart-GoshenEvansville-HendersonFort WayneGaryIndianapolisKokomoLafayetteMuncieSouth BendTerre Haute

IowaCedar RapidsDes MoinesDubuqueIowa CitySioux CityWaterloo-Cedar Falls

KansasLawrenceTopekaWichita

KentuckyLexingtonLouisvilleOwensboro

LouisianaAlexandriaBaton RougeHoumaLafayetteLake CharlesMonroeNew OrleansShreveport-Bossier City

MaineLewiston-AuburnPortland


81




(In thousands)

State and area

Manufacturing

Feb.1993

548.27.6

10.9193.544.520.917.917.3

19.314.1

66.827.6

924.37.0

10.0631.6

28.513.56.8

31.048.2

4.2

632.08.6

53.331.067.652.4

122.020.218.910.821.213.0

231.520.524.611.94.2

11.614.5

182.64.59.3

59.6

289.838.085.86.1

183.33.5

23.14.7

15.111.08.1

47.720.2

89.08.0

13.3

Jan.1994

559.67.3

10.8198.143.420.618.417.8

17.613.2

70.530.2

936.67.5

10.0637.1

28.312.86.9

31.149.6

4.2

639.68.8

54.731.268.152.6

124.320.717.711.021.512.7

238.721.125.312.74.3

12.214.2

180.64.39.5

56.1

291.839.787.3

6.0

184.93.5

22.95.1

15.810.98.1

47.420.1

91.38.2

13.1

Feb.1994?

562.57.5

10.9198.243.420.518.717.5

17.913.3

69.930.1

936.17.5

10.2637.8

28.512.96.9

31.147.8

4.2

640.88.8

54.031.167.752.4

124.320.717.610.921.812.6

239.121.125.412.54.4

12.214.1

180.84.39.5

56.2

291.839.687.5

6.0

185.13.5

22.75.2

15.711.08.2

47.520.3

91.78.1

13.4


Feb.1993

198.42.71.7

135.55.33.15.39.9

41.934.7

20.37.6

304.82.92.5

221.37.85.21.97.76.55.0

131.21.62.96.7

14.916.941.6

1.32.34.35.32.8

54.95.8

11.51.81.73.41.7

63.51.16.2

11.3

80.98.9

32.12.0

104.42.4

11.45.57.74.12.9

43.08.4

21.31.35.8

Jan.1994

203.33.01.7

138.75.53.45.29.1

40.032.9

20.97.5

310.52.92.5

223.87.75.21.97.76.75.1

133.41.72.66.8

15.916.541.2

1.32.35.35.42.7

56.05.9

11.71.91.83.51.9

67.81.06.7

11.3

81.38.7

33.02.0

105.02.5

11.65.78.14.23.3

42.28.1

21.11.45.7

>

Feb.1994P

204.23.01.6

139.35.53.45.39.3

40.032.8

20.87.6

310.22.92.5

223.57.75.21.97.86.75.1

134.31.72.86.7

15.916.641.1

1.32.35.25.42.7

56.15.9

11.72.01.83.51.9

67.71.06.8

11.2

81.38.8

32.82.1

105.42.5

11.55.68.04.43.3

43.48.1

21.01.45.7


Feb.1993

743.912.414.4

422.538.321.829.828.0

132.0100.1

103.736.4

1,211.515.719.3

849.245.911.89.5

35.132.121.7

591.513.018.334.856.156.9

180.79.8

16.212.029.317.9

306.722.061.510.511.214.415.3

267.19.5

20.156.3

351.252.0

116.09.8

375.210.654.714.733.415.514.7

139.235.4

119.19.6

35.1

Jan.1994

781.312.914.6

443.038.822.531.229.3

131.399.0

111.538.2

1,240.015.919.6

867.946.711.99.8

35.932.721.8

606.414.018.935.056.956.3

191.510.216.412.329.718.6

315.723.264.411.411.215.315.9

273.59.8

20.657.1

356.257.2

118.610.0

377.811.156.314.534.516.215.4

138.036.6

125.410.337.6

Feb.1994P

781.313.014.4

444.038.822.230.829.3

130.498.4

110.838.1

1,235.416.019.4

864.846.511.99.7

35.532.521.7

604.214.418.834.956.655.7

191.09.7

16.312.029.617.6

314.622.964.211.211.415.215.9

273.29.4

20.757.1

357.056.9

119.910.0

377.711.057.014.534.616.115.4

139.036.4

122.710.136.7


HawaiiHonolulu

IdahoBoise City







MaineLewiston-AubumPortland


82





(In thousands)

State and area


Feb.1993

163.22.01.9

108.86.36.47.74.4

38.331.6

22.010.4

377.111.83.1

294.27.42.31.68.36.57.9

125.92.02.95.8

13.19.0

54.21.43.41.86.42.3

72.45.2

33.51.61.52.62.9

57.21.86.2

11.0

62.89.5

28.21.7

77.42.1

14.42.15.52.74.2

29.26.8

24.91.9

11.8

Jan.1994

166.02.12.0

108.56.67.48.34.3

39.432.2

23.210.9

383.512.03.1

298.27.52.31.78.46.77.9

127.92.02.95.6

12.89.7

54.81.43.61.86.12.3

74.85.4

35.11.61.72.72.8

58.21.86.2

11.0

62.69.4

28.91.7

77.62.2

14.82.35.62.54.3

29.96.6

25.72.0

12.1

Feb.1994P

166.12.12.0

108.86.67.48.34.3

39.432.2

23.211.0

383.212.03.1

298.27.42.31.78.46.77.9

127.92.12.95.6

13.09.6

55.31.43.61.86.22.4

74.75.4

35.21.61.72.72.8

58.21.86.2

11.0

62.49.4

28.81.7

77.72.2

14.82.35.62.64.3

29.96.7

25.62.0

12.2

Feb.1993

698.411.710.6

425.841.221.927.831.5

163.0120.0

93.034.9

1,409.316.219.5

1,039.940.012.89.9

43.238.129.4

560.011.015.536.554.259.3

169.18.1

15.812.938.214.9

310.127.364.615.511.017.315.6

260.98.6

23.765.6

355.259.8

132.99.7

406.313.960.711.231.416.715.6

164.039.0

124.911.232.3

Services

Jan.1994

747.611.911.1

461.542.623.029.733.5

163.6120.9

98.836.9

1,451.616.119.3

1,061.640.812.89.9

43.337.929.2

560.111.716.736.153.857.8

175.28.1

17.913.537.614.7

318.329.068.215.911.817.415.9

272.98.1

24.765.9

359.160.1

134.39.4

407.814.363.211.632.418.115.8

170.540.0

132.111.034.2

Feb.1994P

758.811.910.9

471.742.823.130.133.6

163.2120.6

99.837.3

1,457.516.219.6

1,067.441.012.99.9

43.638.229.3

559.711.716.836.153.758.9

173.98.2

17.813.336.414.3

321.629.068.416.212.217.416.0

274.78.3

24.866.1

361.961.8

135.29.5

414.414.563.511.532.318.116.0

171.540.4

132.711.434.1

Feb.1993

546.811.919.0

235.138.920.335.919.6

113.492.3

90.327.0

781.614.735.2

462.726.1

5.76.7

17.515.332.6

398.519.56.7

13.825.035.0

109.66.5

24.813.212.911.3

223.110.932.8

3.525.56.7

12.5

230.313.223.132.2

279.954.667.7

6.0

342.913.156.211.921.912.012.899.831.0

98.84.9

16.5

Government

Jan.1994

560.012.120.1

240.540.319.936.119.9

109.588.2

90.527.6

763.513.731.1

457.225.7

5.56.6

17.015.232.5

396.818.76.7

14.425.134.5

109.07.1

23.812.713.010.5

224.512.033.34.0

28.06.8

12.0

229.812.722.933.2

270.251.888.56.7

337.113.255.312.021.412.411.8

102.031.1

92.64.7

16.5

Feb.1994?

565.212.220.5

243.340.619.936.120.1

114.292.5

93.028.6

780.614.734.5

463.725.8

5.66.6

17.515.333.0

404.918.86.8

14.426.035.0

109.37.2

24.513.313.211.1

227.512.233.94.0

26.26.9

12.6

235.913.323.433.8

279.156.568.4

6.8

340.613.357.212.221.912.412.4

102.431.2

96.64.8

18.0


HawaiiHonolulu

IdahoBoise City





KentuckyLexingtonLouisville x

Owensboro




83




(In thousands)

State and area

Total

Feb.1993

2,051.61,073.8

409.8750.2

2,765.21,687.1

78.747.5

129.998.858.639.1

232.5202.6

3,908.5245.565.3

1,843.6165.2455.0

54.1193.8209.3161.4

2,178.597.7

1,412.767.475.3

973.5191.7

2,321.0786.1

1,159.9133.2

311.0

741.2125.4335.0

643.3436.4144.0

485.082.277.998.3

3,416.4156.6593.7421.9224.4534.4318.0893.6193.954.7

607.3280.2

45.564.9

7,602.6413.0111.5

Jan.1994

2,068.61,071.2

407.8758.9

2,845.71,745.5

81.848.4

131.8101.060.239.9

232.7204.8

3,969.5244.066.6

1,875.3163.3465.7

55.4194.6213.8162.6

2,241.598.9

1,451.669.276.7

1,007.4197.2

2,375.7804.5

1,178.4140.2

322.7

756.5126.4342.0

690.2474.9150.7

501.985.279.6

100.1

3,453.3158.0598.7428.4229.7543.8321.9899.7194.154.9

626.9289.6

46.065.3

7,633.1425.1110.6

Feb.1994P

2,072.51,069.5

407.1761.3

2,857.11,750.2

81.848.1

132.1100.859.839.8

234.3205.9

3,992.7247.3

66.71,882.3

164.2467.0

55.5195.6215.2162.3

2,246.799.6

1,455.168.977.1

1,013.8199.1

2,396.0810.3

1,186.7141.2

323.8

759.0127.6342.2

694.1477.4152.0

505.885.579.8

102.5

3,448.1158.3597.0425.4229.6546.0321.3900.4193.654.8

632.2292.646.467.0

7,667.7427.2111.1

Feb1993

(2)

/2 \

/ 2 \

/2 \

/ 2 \

(1)

(2)

0)

(1)(1)

(1)

()

0(1)

(2)

00

(2)

C)V)0

(1)(1)

1

0)0)0

(1)00

0(1)

1

0

0

(1)

1.1

cvj

1.0.3

.1

.1

.2

8.2

.7

6.94.7

5.0

4.2

5.4

1.2

2.61.8.7

.3

1.6

.5

.5

.3

5.2

4.1.3

Mining

Jan1994

(2)

( 2 )

(2)

( 2 )(2)

( 1 )(2)

( 1 )

0)

00)

900)

(1)

( 1 )

00V)

0o

1

000

00

9

(1)(1)

( 1 )(1)

0)

0

1.0.1

1.1.4

.1

.1

CVj

8.0

.9

6.64.9

5.2

4.1

5.4

1.3

2.41.7.7

.3

1.8

.5

.6

.3

5.9

4.6.3

Feb1994P

(2)

( 2 )

(2)

(2)

(2)

0

00

(1)(1)

9

(2)

(1)

0)

(2)

(1)(1)0

(1)

( 1 )

1

(1)

( 1 )

0

900

0

V)

0)(1)

0)

1.0.1

1.0.4

.1

.1

CVj

8.3

.9

6.64.9

5.2

4.0

5.4

1.2

2.41.7.7

.3

1.8

.5

.6

.3

6.1

4.6.3

Constructor

Feb.1993

110.852.111.647.9

66.138.4

2.0.9

3.63.21.31.15.15.0

110.35.41.5

48.24.1

16.51.55.65.46.4

62.22.6

40.51.92.4

34.67.6

83.829.548.5

5.2

9.3

24.74.5

11.6

40.432.2

6.1

13.52.52.02.1

101.95.0

17.415.93.7

14.512.525.3

3.71.4

30.315.02.42.9

207.111.43.5

Jan.1994

110.152.111.647.4

75.542.4

2.11.04.03.51.5.9

5.85.8

117.85.81.6

50.54.1

17.11.65.85.76.2

67.62.9

41.71.82.7

38.27.7

90.031.853.1

5.7

11.3

28.44.5

14.1

45.334.9

7.5

15.83.12.02.0

104.65.0

17.916.24.1

15.413.126.8

3.91.6

35.718.92.33.1

215.213.03.6

l

Feb.1994P

108.550.911.346.0

73.341.3

2.0.9

3.93.41.4.9

5.55.6

113.65.81.6

49.73.9

16.81.65.75.65.8

66.02.8

40.61.82.6

37.97.7

90.932.553.6

5.8

11.1

27.54.5

13.4

45.635.2

7.5

15*33.02.01.9

100.64.7

17.516.13.9

15.312.725.8

4.11.5

35.018.42.53.2

210.012.43.5

MarylandBaltimore PMSABaltimore CitySuburban Maryland-D.C

MassachusettsBostonBrocktonFitchburg-LeominsterLawrenceLowellNew BedfordPittsfieldSpringfieldWorcester

MichiganAnn ArborBenton HarborDetroitFlintGrand Rapids-Muskegon-HollandJacksonKalamazoo-Battle CreekLansing-East LansingSaginaw-Bay City-Midland

MinnesotaDuluth-SuperiorMinneapolis-St. PaulRochesterSt. Cloud

MississippiJackson

MissouriKansas CitySt. LouisSpringfield

Montana

NebraskaLincolnOmaha

NevadaLas VegasReno

New HampshireManchesterNashuaPortsmouth-Rochester

New JerseyAtlantic-Cape MayBergen-PassaicCamdenJersey CityMiddlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon .Monmouth-OceanNewarkTrentonVineland-Millville-Bridgeton

New MexicoAlbuquerqueLas CrucesSanta Fe

New YorkAlbany-Schenectady-TroyBinghamton


84





(In thousands)

State and areaFeb.1993

179.7108.938.233.6

456.7227.1

10.914.535.831.715.37.8

41.039.6

899.554.719.7

411.648.3

132.612.149.423.441.6

397.17.8

261.912.013.4

252.921.7

408.5105.3198.621.0

22.5

101.415.534.7

27.915.29.7

97.111.327.117.2

512.06.7

114.856.831.595.721.2

142.424.813.4

41.025.7

2.51.9

980.643.727.2

Manufacturing

Jan.1994

176.4106.337.633.7

445.2221.3

11.014.433.930.615.57.3

39.739.0

920.653.520.2

423.145.4

137.012.649.029.340.9

404.18.2

265.211.313.7

255.321.1

408.7105.8193.421.3

22.6

103.615.534.0

30.516.010.7

97.211.426.517.5

505.37.0

110.357.431.895.520.8

142.522.813.2

42.626.32.42.0

948.743.825.5

Feb.1994?

176.2106.237.533.5

442.9219.9

11.014.433.730.915.67.3

39.438.9

919.453.420.3

424.145.3

137.412.749.129.140.7

404.48.2

265.211.213.9

256.221.2

409.7106.4193.321.3

22.5

103.615.733.9

30.616.210.8

97.511.326.617.3

504.47.0

110.057.031.895.120.5

142.922.313.4

42.526.8

2.32.2

951.943.525.2


Feb.1993

96.752.720.930.5

119.375.94.51.84.04.92.21.28.79.5

152.45.62.7

83.04.6

16.43.56.06.26.4

108.35.8

77.32.02.7

44.612.4

149.562.675.5

7.8

19.9

46.87.4

24.1

33.722.1

9.9

17.45.12.03.0

231.76.9

27.919.928.143.717.675.5

6.72.1

29.212.8

1.71.2

394.215.54.4

Jan.1994

97.552.120.831.4

125.979.84.62.04.05.12.31.28.39.9

154.75.32.8

84.64.3

16.63.66.16.26.3

108.96.0

76.72.02.7

43.913.5

152.564.477.48.0

19.8

47.07.2

24.1

35.723.310.6

17.95.42.23.4

235.37.1

28.820.328.543.118.176.76.62.0

29.412.41.71.1

398.915.84.5

Feb.1994P

96.250.619.931.1

126.380.14.62.04.05.02.21.28.29.9

154.95.32.8

84.74.3

16.73.66.16.26.4

109.06.0

76.92.02.6

44.113.7

153.364.678.18.2

19.9

47.27.3

24.2

35.723.310.6

18.15.72.23.5

235.67.1

28.620.028.943.318.177.06.62.0

29.512.6

1.71.2

399.215.84.4

Wholesale and retail

Feb.1993

484.2246.666.5

180.7

618.7362.425.310.831.719.614.39.2

52.645.1

906.146.313.4

438.738.9

110.012.941.346.339.6

517.425.1

330.713.222.9

202.245.5

542.7192.9272.8

36.5

81.6

185.426.084.3

128.089.232.5

121.921.018.923.6

791.829.1

167.5110.954.0

127.283.6

175.330.610.2

142.166.8

9.513.0

1,514.782.124.3

Jan.1994

490.3244.363.7

184.2

646.7379.426.310.833.720.714.59.9

52.145.5

927.546.914.0

445.738.5

111.913.542.547.240.4

534.125.5

342.814.623.5

209.247.4

559.7198.5281.139.0

86.6

192.127.887.5

135.994.334.6

127.921.419.924.0

811.029.9

171.3114.954.7

128.886.2

176.531.710.4

147.769.3

9.913.7

1,537.686.224.0

trade

Feb.1994P

486.7242.263.6

182.4

641.8377.0

25.910.633.120.514.39.7

51.945.3

923.546.313.9

442.438.5

111.213.342.247.040.1

530.825.4

341.114.323.3

209.747.6

558.5198.1278.7

39.3

85.9

191.127.787.5

135.194.034.3

126.721.019.524.2

799.429.9

169.2112.453.9

127.484.9

173.831.010.5

146.869.1

9.913.8

1,529.085.724.3



MichiganAnn ArborBenton HarborDetroitFlintGrand Rapids-Muskegon-HollandJacksonKalamazoo-Battle CreekLansing-East LansingSaginaw-Bay City-Midland


MississippiJackson


Montana


NevadaLas VegasReno


New JerseyAtlantic-Cape MayBergen-PassaicCamdenJersey CityMiddlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon ..Monmouth-OceanNewarkTrentonVineland-Millville-Bridgeton




85




(In thousands)

State and area


Feb.1993

127.473.138.246.2

196.4141.8

3.31.74.83.22.01.9

14.015.0

190.29.12.6

106.56.1

18.91.8

10.112.16.0

131.93.4

104.21.82.3

38.014.3

136.761.071.2

5.8

14.3

49.58.6

29.4

29.821.8

6.9

29.27.63.16.6

226.35.6

35.022.518.642.718.868.310.53.5

26.815.0

1.82.5

720.926.4

4.1

Jan.1994

129.572.537.947.1

201.0146.4

3.31.74.83.52.01.9

13.815.4

191.39.32.6

107.06.2

19.21.8

10.312.16.2

138.33.4

109.61.92.4

38.514.6

139.862.472.4

6.3

15.0

50.48.6

29.7

32.023.5

7.2

29.87.13.26.8

228.95.3

36.822.419.843.418.867.910.33.4

27.815.7

1.92.8

720.927.2

4.1

Feb.1994P

129.572.337.647.4

201.0146.9

3.31.74.93.41.91.9

13.815.5

191.49.32.6

106.96.2

19.11.9

10.312.16.2

138.73.5

109.81.92.4

39.114.7

140.062.372.76.2

14.9

50.58.6

29.7

32.023.5

7.2

29.77.23.16.8

229.35.2

37.122.219.443.418.767.810.23.4

27.915.62.02.8

722.227.0

4.1

Feb.1993

631.1332.5145.0241.1

918.7628.3

18.311.132.722.414.212.867.356.7

984.254.216.1

520.138.7

108.311.845.647.139.5

594.826.7

393.329.418.8

184.347.5

614.7209.3341.7

39.3

82.9

183.729.8

101.1

283.0201.5

58.1

130.124.717.721.7

980.374.7

160.8118.348.6

132.8101.8263.9

63.311.0

162.786.5

9.118.4

2,352.5123.026.2

Services

Jan.1994

649.7337.1145.7249.0

964.8659.7

19.712.034.623.914.813.669.357.5

1,013.355.016.4

533.540.8

111.912.146.347.039.9

618.026.8

410.330.318.7

202.950.6

640.4219.5352.242.0

87.7

185.229.9

101.9

310.0225.9

59.8

138.426.618.724.7

1,004.676.1

164.0120.951.2

140.7102.9268.9

64.811.1

170.089.4

9.718.9

2,398.2127.227.6

Feb.1994P

652.3338.3146.8250.7

977.8665.8

19.911.935.023.814.813.770.758.8

1,025.155.816.5

537.041.5

113.212.246.547.140.4

621.527.0

412.530.219.1

205.851.5

649.4220.3357.4

42.0

88.3

186.729.9

102.4

311.0226.6

60.1

139.427.019.324.4

1,010.976.1

163.9121.552.1

142.6104.6271.6

65.411.1

171.190.2

9.819.3

2,424.2129.427.7

Feb.1993

420.6207.789.4

170.2

388.3212.9

14.46.7

17.313.89.35.0

43.731.5

657.670.29.3

234.824.652.310.435.868.722.0

359.921.6

204.47.1

12.8

211.942.1

380.9125.5151.6

17.6

75.1

148.533.649.8

87.952.620.1

75.510.07.1

24.1

570.828.670.377.639.977.362.5

142.454.312.8

160.058.418.525.0

1,428.4110.621.8

Government

Jan.1994

414.1206.7

90.5166.1

385.5216.1

14.86.5

16.813.79.65.0

43.631.5

636.468.2

8.8230.224.052.010.134.566.222.5

363.921.2

205.07.3

13.0

214.241.9

380.5122.1148.8

17.9

74.3

148.532.950.7

88.455.319.6

74.610.27.1

21.7

561.827.669.676.339.676.462.0

139.854.012.9

157.857.618.123.7

1,409.0111.521.3

Feb.1994P

422.1208.9

90.4170.2

393.0218.8

15.16.6

17.513.89.65.0

44.731.7

656.571.49.1

236.624.552.610.335.768.222.8

369.721.8

208.77.5

13.2

215.842.2

390.2126.1152.9

18.4

75.8

151.233.951.1

91.756.920.8

78.810.37.1

24.4

566.128.370.776.239.678.461.8

140.954.012.6

163.359.918.224.5

1,426.7113.022.0



MichiganAnn ArborBenton HarborDetroitFlintGrand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland .JacksonKalamazoo-Battle CreekLansing-East LansingSaginaw-Bay City-Midland


MississippiJackson


Montana


NevadaLas VegasReno


New JerseyAtlantic-Cape MayBergen-PassaicCamdenJersey CityMiddlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon ....Monmouth-OceanNewarkTrentonVineland-Millville-Bridgeton




86





(In thousands)

State and area

Total

Feb.1993

517.1105.439.544.4

1,026.43,715.73,236.5

111.5506.3

95.9324.4120.9365.3

3,161.694.6

632.7556.6503.8

275.842.382.544.1

4,798.6285.5162.9746.2

1,026.0711.5436.3282.0223.8

1,226.222.937.8

443.6327.0

1,271.5116.556.0

749.0111.6

5,035.8250.3

53.8121.7315.181.3

191.22,114.1

689.71,010.9

151.4260.041.661.850.1

151.9

416.8466.7

Jan.1994

519.0100.740.346.6

1,039.03,716.53,238.6

111.5509.996.4

324.1123.9363.4

3,262.796.6

655.9570.9519.9

281.943.183.645.7

4,838.6291.3167.2758.1

1,033.2715.4440.2287.0229.0

1,236.023.137.1

446.0331.5

1,304.3119.757.9

770.5113.0

5,035.1248.5

55.1121.1314.1

83.3190.5

2,098.3681.5

1,021.4152.7260.841.758.449.1

153.3

424.5473.5

Feb.1994P

522.1100.840.046.7

1,035.83,727.43,249.2

111.6511.5

95.9326.3124.2364.1

3,272.596.8

657.1569.7521.8

283.843.284.246.3

4,848.8294.1166.8761.3

1,036.2717.4441.3286.7228.8

1,242.923.337.5

449.4331.1

1,311.6120.558.2

773.9114.7

5,050.2248.9

55.3121.9313.582.9

190.52,099.4

683.91,021.8

152.7261.442.362.849.8

153.3

426.1474.2

Mining

Feb.1993

(1)(1)

V)C)

0)0.3

(1).7

9(1)

(1 )

3.40(1)

(1 )

3.5(1)( )(1)

13.6.4.6.5.8.6.6.2.6

35.9.9.1

8.69.5

1.6.1.1.9.2

21.30)

(1)9

.3(1)0)

4.40

.5(1)

9.4

.1

.1

Jan.1994

(1)(1)

( 1 )

( )

( 1 )

(1 )0.3

(1).7

0)(1)(1)

( 1 )

3.3(1)

( 1 )(1)

(1 )

3.7(1)

(1 )

0)

13.7.4.7.6.9.6.5.2.7

35.4.9.1

8.29.6

1.4.1.1.7.2

19.9(1)

(1)

90

.30(1)

3.30

.6(1)

9.5

.1

.1

Feb.1994P

(1)(1)

9i1)0

0.3V)

.7(1)

( 1 )(1)

(1 )

3.3(1)(1)(1)

(1 )

3.6(1)

( 1 )

0

13.5.4.7.7.9.6.5.2.7

35.31.0.1

8.09.5

1.4.2.1.7.2

19.5

9(1)9

.3(1)(1)

3.3(1)

.6(1)(1)(1)

.4

.1

.1

Construction

Feb.1993

15.13.6

.91.4

35.296.278.73.2

13.42.7

10.92.3

13.6

143.34.1

30.822.922.3

8.21.63.21.2

153.88.55.8

29.031.424.113.09.16.4

39.2.7

1.414.111.3

46.43.91.9

30.84.4

172.68.62.23.5

11.54.6

10.370.110.241.0

5.77.51.12.01.86.5

9.910.9

Jan.1994

15.83.51.01.6

35.896.278.83.1

14.12.6

12.72.5

13.6

153.34.7

32.424.022.7

9.61.93.91.5

159.49.66.9

30.533.124.213.18.77.4

41.4.7

1.414.711.7

52.64.82.1

33.84.5

174.08.62.13.2

11.04.8

10.071.610.141.5

5.67.91.02.51.66.6

9.59.6

Feb.1994P

15.73.3

.91.5

35.795.177.83.0

13.52.6

12.52.2

13.5

152.74.6

32.323.922.6

9.41.93.81.4

156.09.56.6

30.232.724.012.88.47.2

41.9.7

1.414.811.8

51.84.72.1

33.64.5

169.88.82.13.1

10.94.89.6

69.510.240.7

5.37.31.02.31.66.5

8.99.0

New York-ContinuedBuffalo-Niagra FallsDutchess CountyElmiraGlens FallsNassau-SuffolkNew York PMSANew York CityNewburghRochesterRockland CountySyracuseUtica-RomeWestchester County

North CarolinaAshevilleCharlotte-Gastonia-Rock HillGreensboro~Winston-Salem~High PointRaleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill

North DakotaBismarckFargo-MoorheadGrand Forks

OhioAkronCanton-MassillonCincinnatiCleveland-Lorain-ElyriaColumbusDayton-SpringfieldToledoYoungstown-Warren

OklahomaEnidLawtonOklahoma CityTulsa

OregonEugene-SpringfieldMedford-AshlandPortland-VancouverSalem

PennsylvaniaAllentown-Bethlehem-EastonAltoonaErieHarrisburg-Lebanon-CarlisleJohnstownLancasterPhiladelphia PMSAPhiladelphia CityPittsburghReadingScranton—Wilkes-Barre—HazeltonSharonState CollegeWilliamsportYork

Rhode IslandProvidence-Fall River-Warwick


87




(In thousands)

State and area

Manufacturing

Feb.1993

89.421.58.39.3

122.4344.5282.5

12.8130.7

13.850.220.746.3

837.621.4

144.6166.678.5

18.72.25.63.1

1,044.962.143.8

142.8219.8

91.393.354.954.1

165.71.53.5

48.254.6

203.317.68.6

120.414.1

938.261.5

9.734.647.012.555.5

313.566.6

130.844.059.9

9.38.4

13.746.4

87.8109.6

Jan.1994

88.616.38.49.9

118.5333.0274.6

12.5127.2

13.049.321.043.3

845.521.3

146.3167.278.4

19.72.26.13.2

1,045.761.644.2

142.0216.8

90.994.355.855.1

169.61.63.8

49.355.0

207.918.48.5

123.614.3

931.961.510.034.447.412.155.1

310.065.2

129.443.858.5

9.68.2

13.246.7

86.1109.4

Feb.1994^

88.416.28.39.8

118.3338.8280.4

12.6126.9

12.949.021.043.4

844.121.3

146.4167.278.6

20.02.26.23.3

1,045.461.944.5

141.8216.4

91.394.255.755.0

168.61.63.8

49.754.3

209.318.58.5

124.014.7

928.660.8

9.934.246.812.254.7

307.364.6

129.843.758.8'

9.68.5

13.146.4

86.2109.4


Feb.1993

25.03.71.51.3

46.8227.0200.6

6.316.65.6

19.84.1

20.1

153.54.7

50.729.024.0

17.53.04.62.3

209.413.55.7

39.142.130.017.513.68.7

71.02.11.8

22.026.5

65.54.62.8

43.93.2

264.513.05.04.3

20.34.96.8

102.238.063.4

6.515.1

1.81.81.88.4

13.716.1

Jan.1994

25.13.81.51.3

48.6226.8199.7

6.216.45.7

20.04.0

20.7

154.44.8

52.029.723.9

18.23.24.62.4

208.514.16.0

39.541.130.717.412.78.5

70.92.11.7

21.826.7

65.14.63.0

43.03.3

268.412.64.94.1

20.24.96.5

102.438.163.9

6.515.8

1.71.81.88.7

14.216.8

Feb.1994P

25.13.81.51.3

48.5227.8200.8

6.216.45.7

20.03.9

20.6

154.64.8

51.929.524.0

18.33.24.62.4

208.014.05.9

39.741.230.617.612.98.5

71.22.11.7

21.726.6

65.24.63.0

43.33.3

267.912.54.94.2

20.24.96.6

101.938.063.7

6.515.7

1.71.81.88.7

14.417.0


Feb.1993

127.519.49.49.9

260.3631.1527.228.2

106.620.874.124.779.3

700.221.6

151.2124.0101.0

71.810.623.812.1

1,136.368.539.5

189.4237.2183.598.367.857.8

278.16.48.4

103.174.0

314.129.315.9

186.324.6

1,122.052.014.126.567.718.946.9

463.7115.5244.6

34.162.310.311.611.637.0

88.2103.3

Jan.1994

129.020.610.010.9

269.7634.1528.3

28.6109.321.375.924.880.4

728.822.3

157.5127.4105.5

73.311.124.012.1

1,156.869.940.9

193.5239.3185.1101.071.560.1

286.46.88.6

105.876.1

324.129.317.4

191.125.2

1,137.952.614.427.266.919.947.2

465.2116.3250.7

34.963.810.411.711.636.7

92.8104.3

Feb.1994P

129.020.3

9.910.9

265.3628.6524.428.6

108.121.074.824.579.3

725.422.1

156.7126.7105.0

73.511.024.012.2

1,147.669.640.3

191.9238.4183.8100.570.459.4

286.66.78.5

106.075.6

322.029.317.0

190.625.2

1,127.251.714.926.665.919.646.2

461.1115.8248.0

34.363.210.311.611.736.4

92.4103.5


North CarolinaAshevilleCharlotte-Gastonia-Rock HillGreensboro—Winston-Salem—High PointRaleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill




OregonEugene-Springfield ;Medford-AshlandPortland-VancouverSalem




88





(In thousands)

State and area


Feb.1993

28.44.31.41.5

79.4500.1467.3

6.023.5

5.119.58.0

26.9

134.42.9

39.827.523.9

13.21.95.21.6

254.011.56.7

44.362.559.017.211.010.1

60.81.11.7

25.517.4

87.26.32.7

60.96.2

298.913.5

1.75.5

22.34.08.7

155.958.059.6

8.811.6

1.52.02.24.9

24.726.5

Jan.1994

28.44.31.41.7

79.4500.9468.5

6.023.8

5.119.48.0

26.3

140.63.1

41.728.324.6

13.62.05.31.6

257.612.36.6

45.866.059.117.011.410.1

60.71.01.7

25.618.0

93.17.12.8

63.66.6

301.314.1

1.95.8

22.84.29.0

153.856.859.9

9.211.7

1.52.12.15.0

25.126.8

Feb.1994P

28.44.41.41.7

79.6502.3469.9

6.023.8

5.119.37.9

26.3

141.13.1

41.728.324.7

13.72.05.31.6

257.712.46.7

46.066.059.116.911.510.1

61.41.01.7

25.617.9

93.87.12.8

64.06.6

301.814.01.95.8

22.94.19.0

152.8G6.660.1

9.211.71.52.12.25.1

25.126.9

Feb.1993

144.929.911.011.4

307.81,257.31,102.9

28.6137.327.690.629.8

121.4

658.625.7

139.6124.6140.8

74.213.323.710.9

1,236.575.141.1

200.0288.9189.6120.078.756.2

298.66.08.0

115.192.0

316.729.214.0

196.925.7

1,502.873.213.432.775.823.444.2

701.6268.6343.2

33.568.412.111.612.532.7

130.4136.3

Services

Jan.1994

146.230.210.811.8

314.01,273.31,117.3

29.1142.528.488.831.9

122.2

691.825.3

148.1129.6150.6

76.913.323.812.3

1,256.779.142.2

203.1295.9190.9122.380.057.8

301.25.97.7

119.193.5

326.230.614.2

206.325.8

1,499.571.913.932.477.224.246.0

693.5262.7349.3

34.568.312.011.112.634.5

134.3142.2

Feb.1994P

148.230.610.811.9

313.51,281.81,124.6

29.1144.328.591.532.5

123.5

701.825.8

149.9129.5151.2

77.013.324.112.3

1,267.179.742.3

205.2298.7192.2123.680.757.6

304.36.17.8

120.794.1

330.630.614.5

207.926.6

1,518.573.813.733.277.024.046.5

701.4266.6350.4

34.669.212.811.413.135.0

136.2143.3

Feb.1993

86.822.9

7.19.6

174.6659.4577.026.477.520.559.231.357.8

530.614.276.062.0

113.3

68.79.7

16.412.9

750.145.919.7

101.1143.3133.476.446.729.9

276.94.2

12.9107.041.7

236.725.510.0

108.933.2

715.528.5

7.714.670.513.018.5

307.1132.8123.9

18.834.7

5.524.46.5

15.6

62.063.9

Government

Jan.1994

86.022.0

7.19.5

173.0652.2571.125.875.820.258.031.656.9

545.015.177.964.7

114.2

66.99.4

15.912.6

740.244.319.7

103.1140.1133.974.646.729.3

270.44.1

12.1101.540.9

233.924.89.8

108.433.1

702.227.2

7.914.068.613.216.4

301.8132.3123.4

18.234.25.5

21.06.2

14.6

62.464.3

Feb.1994P

87.322.3

7.29.7

174.9653.0571.126.277.820.259.132.157.6

549.515.178.264.6

115.7

68.39.6

16.213.1

753.546.619.8

105.8141.9135.875.246.930.3

273.64.1

12.5102.941.3

237.525.510.2

109.833.6

716.927.3

7.914.869.813.317.6

305.4132.1125.8

19.134.9

5.425.16.3

14.8

62.865.0










89




(In thousands)

State and area

Total

Feb.1993

1,530.7203.8243.9405.7

305.439.685.7

2,266.1203.1182.8285.3481.4529.1

7,334.850.181.1

442.3148.268.884.960.0

138.51,438.1

221.2599.782.9

1,634.280.752.576.7

100.9111.690.138.9

561.336.547.965.031.184.152.2

780.6104.4528.1

254.528.085.7

2,849.933.470.642.490.4

592.8839.0465.5127.4

2,194.11,125.6

631.7114.9110.262.459.1

Jan.1994

1,567.4202.1246.7420.3

316.241.687.5

2,327.4209.3181.2291.2489.0545.8

7,529.550.383.4

458.9150.271.488.661.1

139.91,482.5

226.2612.5

82.51,656.1

84.053.979.4

101.3118.991.039.0

573.737.547.666.833.486.654.0

824.2111.5555.2

255.729.186.8

2,921.534.271.644.094.4

596.0874.2479.1131.8

2,233.71,135.7

651.4117.0108.362.458.8

Feb.1994P

1,577.0202.7248.1420.9

316.341.987.6

2,338.2209.0182.1292.0490.7547.7

7,576.950.484.2

461.0150.872.189.662.2

140.41,496.0

226.7612.8

83.01,658.4

84.254.179.4

102.8119.691.039.4

578.337.647.766.933.786.654.1

831.1112.6558.3

259.628.888.2

2,930.534.072.644.094.2

595.6873.4481.8131.3

2,237.31,134.8

652.0117.6108.462.959.4

Mining

Feb.1993

1.8(1)(1)(1)

2.3O(1)

4.7(1)(1)

.5(1)(1)

164.11.3.8

1.01.01.1

(1).7

2.817.0

O4.3

.764.1

02.33.5

.2

.912.9

.61.8

(1).1

1.41.2

O1.5

8.1(1)

3.1

.4O0

12.9(1)O(1)(1)0)

.4

.70

2.9.5

27.11.71.7.4

1.7

Jan.1994

1.8(1)(1)(1)

2.300)

4.5(1)0)

.5(1)O

165.41.2.8

1.01.01.0

(1).7

2.716.6

(1)4.5

.764.1

02.33.5

.2

.912.9

.51.8

(1).1

1.31.4

(1)1.4

8.2(1)

3.2

.5(1)(1)

12.3(1)(1)(1)(1)0

.5

.7(1)

3.2.6

28.71.61.7.4

1.8

Feb.1994?

1.8(1)V)(1)

2.3(1)(1)

4.7(1)(1)

.600

164.21.3.8

1.01.01.0

(1).8

2.716.8

(1)4.6

.763.9

(1)2.43.5

.21.0

12.7.5

1.8(1)

.11.31.4

(1)1.4

8.2O

3.1

.5(1)(1)

12.3V)0(1)0(1)

.5

.70

3.3.6

28.51.61.7.4

1.8

(

Feb.1993

78.712.012.022.6

10.32.23.5

85.36.97.7

12.216.920.0

334.51.72.9

16.012.89.02.41.9

11.647.9

8.122.2

5.1102.2

3.21.73.13.34.44.01.3

24.01.41.72.02.13.41.7

32.44.7

21.6

8.7.9

3.0

142.01.03.31.84.1

31.140.726.6

6.3

108.456.9

24.55.34.12.71.6

Construction

Jan.1994

80.111.312.125.4

10.72.03.6

89.37.47.8

14.217.323.1

349.22.03.6

19.012.910.32.72.4

12.554.3

8.625.3

4.8104.5

3.41.83.33.65.04.21.4

25.61.62.32.32.23.51.8

37.75.2

26.1

9.61.03.7

147.51.03.81.84.7

30.845.327.3

6.9

112.755.7

27.55.34.22.51.8

Feb.1994P

79.511.212.025.0

10.82.23.6

89.47.37.9

14.217.323.1

355.42.03.6

18.912.910.52.72.2

12.654.98.6

25.54.8

103.63.71.93.33.75.04.31.4

25.91.52.32.32.23.51.9

38.15.2

26.2

9.11.03.6

145.91.03.71.94.5

30.344.827.06.8

112.855.5

27.15.44.22.61.9

South CarolinaCharleston-North CharlestonColumbiaGreenville-Spartanburg-Anderson

South DakotaRapid CitySioux Falls

TennesseeChattanoogaJohnson City-Kingsport-BristolKnoxvilleMemphisNashville

TexasAbileneAmarilloAustin-San MarcosBeaumont-Port ArthurBrazoriaBrownsville-Harlingen-San BenitoBryan-College StationCorpus ChristiDallasEl PasoFt. Worth-ArlingtonGalveston-Texas CityHoustonKilleen-TempleLaredoLongview-MarshallLubbockMcAllen-Edinburg-MissionOdessa-MidlandSan AngeloSan AntonioSherman-DenisonTexarkanaTylerVictoriaWacoWichita Falls

UtahProvo-OremSalt Lake City-Ogden

VermontBarre-MontpelierBurlington

VirginiaBristolCharlottesvilleDanvilleLynchburgNorfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport NewsNorthern VirginiaRichmond-PetersburgRoanoke

WashingtonSeattle-Bellevue-Everett

West VirginiaCharlestonHuntington-AshlandParkersburg-MariettaWheeling


90





(In thousands)

State and areaFeb.1993

372.120.726.0

123.8

37.74.3

10.9

518.043.753.449.663.493.2

975.24.39.2

57.725.717.212.54.0

13.7219.5

44.7101.6

8.5177.9

9.01.8

16.57.2

12.66.85.2

46.49.65.9

11.33.2

15.17.6

107.713.768.9

43.13.2

15.9

403.510.07.8

16.126.468.439.262.318.7

337.6206.9

82.310.519.013.06.6

Manufacturing

Jan.1994

372.420.526.4

125.5

41.34.5

11.1

532.745.252.650.065.194.9

991.53.89.4

59.925.117.213.43.8

13.6220.5

46.0101.4

8.3178.6

9.31.7

16.87.3

13.66.54.7

47.19.75.7

11.63.3

16.07.9

112.715.071.3

42.73.1

15.7

402.510.07.7

16.226.665.539.661.118.9

329.5196.6

81.29.9

17.312.66.0

Feb.1994P

373.020.326.4

125.4

41.24.4

11.2

533.845.252.650.165.895.2

991.83.79.6

60.525.117.213.63.9

13.5221.8

46.4100.7

8.3178.0

9.21.7

16.97.4

13.96.54.7

47.39.75.6

11.83.3

15.87.9

113.515.171.6

42.73.4

15.7

402.310.07.8

16.126.565.839.460.719.0

327.6195.1

81.010.017.212.76.0

Transportation and

Feb.1993

65.810.211.216.5

14.61.85.6

122.87.17.2

10.847.631.0

428.82.55.4

14.39.22.63.61.46.5

86.111.355.5

5.1110.7

2.68.23.75.53.64.42.9

25.01.42.32.91.53.42.6

45.62.0

36.0

11.2.8

3.6

145.61.22.41.13.2

28.651.323.4

8.6

111.468.5

38.18.76.92.53.3

Dublic utilities

Jan.1994

65.810.011.217.1

14.91.85.6

125.87.37.6

10.749.131.7

441.32.65.4

14.79.42.53.91.46.5

88.211.556.64.9

113.12.68.43.75.43.74.32.9

26.41.42.03.01.43.52.6

48.62.0

37.9

10.8.8

3.6

149.81.42.41.23.4

29.851.824.7

8.7

113.468.5

38.78.96.52.53.3

1Feb.994?

65.910.011.217.0

14.81.85.7

126.77.27.6

10.949.031.6

441.62.65.5

14.69.52.53.91.46.5

88.711.556.45.1

114.02.68.33.75.33.74.22.9

26.51.42.03.01.43.52.6

48.92.1

38.3

10.8.8

3.6

149.91.32.41.13.4

29.951.024.9

8.7

113.268.3

38.98.86.62.53.5


Feb.1993

334.848.753.093.1

77.311.423.2

515.149.440.470.4

122.7129.0

1,760.812.922.589.033.412.623.112.532.1

360.353.2

152.917.2

384.417.916.318.627.934.522.9

9.4138.4

7.611.216.58.0

18.912.2

182.123.1

126.6

58.15.9

20.1

625.38.6

13.78.5

19.2135.8185.4105.534.0

523.1262.4

142.528.327.515.315.1

Jan.1994

347.148.854.395.7

80.312.523.8

533.851.740.870.1

126.3129.3

1,824.013.123.395.233.513.423.412.731.8

373.454.9

154.917.2

391.418.916.519.828.435.623.5

9.3142.0

7.811.617.08.8

19.712.7

194.224.0

132.3

60.76.1

20.0

651.39.2

14.79.2

19.8138.2196.4110.634.3

539.1271.4

149.829.428.215.914.7

Feb.1994^

348.648.754.495.6

79.512.423.7

532.451.340.970.2

125.9128.9

1,824.313.023.394.733.513.523.912.832.0

374.754.7

154.817.3

389.318.816.519.728.635.823.6

9.4141.8

7.911.616.88.9

19.612.6

194.124.0

132.0

60.25.8

20.1

644.69.1

14.89.2

19.7136.6194.3110.134.1

536.7271.6

149.029.327.815.814.8











91




(In thousands)

State and area


Feb.1993

64.27.8

18.314.4

17.31.58.8

101.213.35.4

10.824.630.2

421.21.94.1

24.74.71.93.42.16.0

125.08.3

28.15.5

96.53.41.92.74.43.83.61.5

38.42.01.83.11.65.02.2

38.72.8

31.7

11.82.54.3

152.21.23.81.44.0

25.652.238.9

9.0

117.873.2

24.66.23.82.33.0

Jan.1994

65.38.0

18.114.5

17.81.59.2

104.313.85.1

10.525.530.6

432.01.84.1

26.24.61.93.62.36.1

126.08.4

28.15.6

97.43.72.02.74.54.13.51.6

41.02.11.93.31.65.22.2

43.83.2

36.0

12.12.64.5

158.61.13.91.44.2

27.054.340.8

8.8

121.775.2

24.86.43.62.23.0

Feb.1994P

65.88.0

18.114.5

18.01.59.2

104.513.85.0

10.625.530.7

432.31.84.1

26.14.61.93.62.36.2

126.88.4

28.05.5

97.53.72.02.74.44.13.51.6

40.92.11.93.31.65.22.2

44.33.2

36.2

12.12.64.6

159.41.13.91.44.3

27.454.441.0

8.8

121.674.7

24.66.43.62.32.9

Feb.1993

315.248.453.780.2

79.111.224.4

555.348.039.376.1

127.0153.3

1,867.815.919.4

115.638.111.320.011.835.1

399.846.3

149.916.1

466.219.88.8

17.827.920.618.810.2

159.39.4

12.517.47.7

23.613.6

204.042.1

134.4

75.77.7

23.9

766.66.0

16.07.8

21.7159.3294.7108.734.2

561.4292.1

160.932.727.115.718.4

Services

Jan.1994

335.350.155.386.7

81.211.824.7

571.351.338.979.0

129.7161.5

1,935.316.119.7

120.139.511.820.913.035.6

416.348.4

156.116.5

476.220.9

9.218.227.822.119.610.7

162.69.8

12.418.08.2

23.814.1

217.445.4

142.3

75.98.3

25.5

799.45.9

16.48.1

23.3162.9311.9112.337.0

580.6301.0

167.533.627.316.018.9

Feb.1994P

337.750.655.787.2

81.411.924.7

577.051.439.079.3

130.2162.4

1,954.616.320.0

120.139.912.021.112.835.5

422.348.7

157.416.5

479.221.1

9.318.228.322.219.510.9

166.19.9

12.518.08.3

24.014.2

220.046.1

143.3

78.68.0

25.4

808.16.0

16.48.2

23.4163.3313.7114.136.9

583.9300.5

169.034.127.316.219.2

Feb.1993

298.156.069.755.1

66.87.29.3

363.734.729.454.979.272.4

1,382.49.6

16.8124.023.313.119.925.630.7

182.549.385.224.7

232.224.811.510.824.531.216.77.8

128.05.1

12.410.45,8

14.710.8

162.016.0

105.8

45.57.0

14.9

601.85.4

23.65.7

11.8144.0175.199.416.6

431.5165.1

131.721.520.110.59.4

Government

Jan.1994

299.653.469.355.4

67.77.59.5

365.732.628.456.276.074.7

1,390.89.7

17.1122.824.213.320.724.831.1

187.248.485.624.5

230.825.212.011.424.133.916.57.9

127.25.1

11.610.36.5

14.911.3

161.616.7

106.1

43.47.2

13.8

600.15.6

22.76.1

12.4141.8174.4101.617.2

433.5166.7

133.221.919.510.39.3

Feb.1994P

304.753.970.356.2

68.37.79.5

369.732.829.156.177.075.8

1,412.79.7

17.3125.124.313.520.826.031.4

190.048.485.424.8

232.925.112.011.424.933.916.78.0

128.05.1

11.710.46.6

15.011.3

164.016.9

107.6

45.67.2

15.2

608.05.5

23.66.1

12.4142.3175.3103.317.0

438.2168.5

133.922.020.010.49.3











92





(In thousands)

State and area

Total

Feb.1993

2,341.9169.359.7

112.461.143.960.9

235.3756.8

74.252.055.0

198.527.2

858.455.163.969.6

539.2

48.8

Jan.1994

2,378.6172.460.5

117.962.445.961.1

239.7766.476.154.756.3

204.628.0

(2)(2)

(2)

(2 )

(2 )

45.4

Feb.1994P

2,388.0172.561.6

116.962.445.362.0

243.1766.4

76.254.856.3

203.828.0

(2)(2)

(2)

( 2 )

( 2 )

45.7

Mining

Feb.1993

1.8(1)(1)

(1 )

(1 )(1)

(1 )

(1)(1)

( 1 )

( )

(1 )

16.82.1

.9(1)(1)0

.5

0

Jan.1994

1.7

0

9(1)(1)

( 1 )

(1 )

(1 )

(1 )

( 1 )

( 1 )

18.02.1

(2)(1)

(1)

( 1 )

(2 )

0

Feb.1994p

1.6(1)(1)(1)(1)

(1)

(1)

( 1 )(1)

(1 )

0)(1)

17.52.0

0(1)(1)

n

Construction

Feb.1993

77.68.21.54.91.91.71.68.4

24.72.11.71.7

9.01.1

46.91.73.14.3

33.9

6.0

Jan.1994

81.68.71.75.22.21.71.69.3

26.32.52.31.8

10.01.1

(2)(2)

(2)

( 2 )

( 2 )

2.4

Feb.1994P

78.68.31.64.92.11.71.69.0

25.72.52.21.8

9.81.1

/ 2 \

/2 \

(2)

(2 )

2.5

WisconsinAppleton-Oshkosh-NeenahEau ClaireGreen BayJanesville-BeloitKenoshaLa CrosseMadisonMilwaukee-WaukeshaRacineSheboyganWausau

WyomingCasper

Puerto RicoCaguasMayaguezPonceSan Juan-Bayamon

Virgin Islands


93




(In thousands)

State and area

Manufacturing

Feb.1993

547.554.9

9.824.118.510.011.025.8

165.923.321.415.1

9.31.6

150.414.919.412.669.7

2.8

Jan.1994

558.556.210.124.818.410.211.226.9

167.823.923.115.4

9.61.5

(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)

2.8

Feb.1994P

557.856.110.124.818.510.111.126.9

167.324.023.515.3

9.41.5

(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)

2.9

Transportation and1

Feb.1993

110.26.93.38.32.51.62.87.9

36.82.51.83.6

14.31.5

21.1.4.5

1.916.9

2.7

Dublic utilities

Jan.1994

112.16.83.28.62.41.72.77.9

36.72.51.73.7

14.41.5

(2)

(2)(2)(2)

2.8

;

Feb.1994?

112.86.83.28.62.61.62.77.9

37.22.51.83.8

14.41.5

(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)

2.8


Feb.1993

531.135.316.026.914.111.916.550.4

166.116.19.6

13.0

44.37.6

163.311.410.111.9

109.6

10.3

Jan.1994

542.336.216.828.314.412.816.652.1

168.216.19.7

13.5

46.28.1

(*)(2)(2)(2)(2)

11.0

Feb.1994P

539.935.916.728.014.312.516.752.3

166.316.09.6

13.4

45.88.0

(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)

11.0

WisconsinAppleton-Oshkosh-Neenah ...Eau ClaireGreen BayJanesville-BeloitKenoshaLa CrosseMadisonMilwaukee-WaukeshaRacineSheboyganWausau

WyomingCasper


Virgin Islands


94





(In thousands)

State and area


Feb.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Services

Feb.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Government

Feb.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994?


WyomingCasper


Virgin Islands

128.08.62.27.11.81.52.1

20.551.82.42.24.2

7.51.1

39.41.41.41.9

31.0

2.2

131.88.82.37.81.91.42.3

21.053.02.52.14.4

7.81.1

131.58.72.27.81.91.32.3

21.053.32.42.14.4

7.81.1

2.1

577.036.114.628.414.510.517.455.2

221.018.69.6

10.4

39.26.9

147.19.49.4

12.8100.6

11.0

593.436.615.030.714.911.217.956.9

226.719.59.9

10.6

40.37.0

596.736.815.230.314.811.218.357.7

227.919.79.9

10.7

40.27.1

11.0 11.0

368.819.412.312.87.96.99.4

67.190.4

9.35.76.8

58.15.3

289.315.920.024.2

177.0

13.8

357.219.111.412.48.16.98.9

65.687.6

9.15.96.9

58.35.6

369.119.912.512.68.26.99.4

68.588.8

9.15.87.0

58.95.7

13.4

Combined with construction.Not available.= preliminary.

NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this publication.All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1993 benchmarks.

95


ESTABLISHMENT DATAHOURS AND EARNINGSNOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailedindustry

Industry1987SIC

Code

Average weekly hours

Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.

Average overtime hours

Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Total private

Mining

Metal miningIron oresCopper ores



Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels

Crushed and broken stone

Construction

General building contractorsResidential building constructionOperative buildersNonresidential building construction


Special trade contractors ,Plumbing, heating, and air conditioningPainting and paper hangingElectrical workMasonry, stonework, and plasteringCarpentry and floor workRoofing, siding, and sheet metal work

Manufacturing

Durable goods


Sawmills and planing mills, generalHardwood dimension and flooring mills ..








10101102

12122

13131138

14142

15152153154

16161162

17171172173174175176

242412422421242624324312434243524362442452451249

252512511251225142515252253254259

34.1

43.5

43.042.445.2

44.945.1

43.242.143.9

43.343.7

36.7

36.735.837.637.5

39.638.640.0

35.937.735.038.333.333.930.7

41.1

41.7

40.339.742.042.241.240.039.539.441.942.638.838.038.640.2

39.639.339.838.640.039.739.840.439.940.0

34.0

42.9

42.342.144.4

43.743.9

42.440.943.4

43.944.7

37.4

37.036.237.437.8

41.240.641.3

36.638.035.738.634.334.731.8

40.9

41.7

40.239.941.541.840.440.039.239.441.143.639.038.538.939.7

39.739.239.438.740.838.940.640.640.340.4

34.3

44.1

43.745.344.4

45.245.6

44.044.543.7

43.442.1

37.0

36.635.738.837.3

39.837.940.4

36.438.834.938.833.434.830.8

41.5

42.4

40.939.042.743.141.440.739.640.241.745.138.940.340.840.9

39.939.439.738.640.939.441.041.440.339.1

34.0

43.6

43.144.443.6

45.345.5

43.542.544.1

42.641.1

36.0

35.935.337.636.5

38.436.039.1

35.537.834.838.032.433.630.2

40.9

41.8

39.739.141.542.039.839.338.738.540.542.838.437.738.339.8

38.137.137.635.838.037.939.539.739.938.2

34.4

44.1

38.2

41.9

42.8

41.2

40.1

3.8

3.9

3.75.24.75.03.83.32.72.94.55.23.02.32.42.9

2.62.62.62.13.03.82.52.73.02.1

3.7

3.9

3.54.84.44.73.33.12.52.74.25.13.22.32.42.8

2.62.42.42.03.53.02.93.23.02.2

4.2

4.5

4.04.65.15.44.03.52.83.24.65.52.93.63.83.1

3.12.92.82.74.03.53.43.73.52.3

4.1

4.5

3.64.54.75.03.53.02.32.73.95.23.12.72.93.0

2.62.32.41.82.92.92.73.43.51.8

4.5

4.8

96


ESTABLISHMENT DATAHOURS AND EARNINGS


B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailedindustry—Continued

Industry1987SIC

Code


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Total private

Mining

Metal mining ,Iron oresCopper ores



Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels

Crushed and broken stone

Construction

General building contractors ,Residential building constructionOperative buildersNonresidential building construction


Special trade contractorsPlumbing, heating, and air conditioningPainting and paper hangingElectrical workMasonry, stonework, and plasteringCarpentry and floor workRoofing, siding, and sheet metal work

Manufacturing

Durable goods


Sawmills and planing mills, generalHardwood dimension and flooring mills ...








10101102

12122

13131138

14142

15152153154

16161162

17171172173174175176

242412422421242624324312434243524362442452451249

252512511251225142515252253254259

$10.77

14.60

15.2015.7614.01

17.1917.38

14.1016.9312.22

12.3611.51

14.11

13.5212.6013.5814.33

13.5212.6213.79

14.5014.8413.1415.5014.3514.1112.70

11.62

12.20

9.5111.269.73

10.128.089.539.708.978.27

11.176.969.159.208.87

9.128.578.029.418.498.919.849.52

10.439.51

$10.79

14.71

15.2115.7413.95

17.2917.47

14.2517.0112.43

12.4711.62

14.27

13.6012.6814.0414.41

13.9413.0114.24

14.6015.0113.1915.6214.4614.2512.52

11.64

12.21

9.5011.399.73

10.138.089.519.658.898.24

11.306.929.189.258.80

9.118.578.019.398.528.969.899.67

10.289.43

$11.06

15.05

15.9218.0514.12

17.8418.06

14.3917.8412.33

12.8711.96

14.38

13.7212.6913.6514.67

13.8613.3114.02

14.7615.1613.4215.7314.7114.4012.74

11.97

12.57

9.7411.3410.0210.418.449.799.999.118.57

11.697.229.529.579.08

9.428.918.399.698.649.44

10.229.52

10.619.74

$11.06

14.84

15.7817.4614.12

17.5617.75

14.1317.4412.24

12.8311.97

14.43

13.8112.7713.8114.78

13.9413.2914.13

14.7715.1113.6115.7314.7214.5312.99

12.02

12.63

9.7011.289.96

10.338.479.739.909.098.57

11.747.259.469.519.12

9.448.888.419.618.459.30

10.129.76

10.769.69

$11.05

14.85

14.42

12.01

12.62

9.69

9.43

$367.26

635.10

653.60668.22633.25

771.83783.84

609.12712.75536.46

535.19502.99

517.84

496.18451.08510.61537.38

535.39487.13551.60

520.55559.47459.90593.65477.86478.33389.89

477.58

508.74

383.25447.02408.66427.06332.90381.20383.15353.42346.51475.84270.05347.70355.12356.57

361.15336.80319.20363.23339.60353.73391.63384.61416.16380.40

$366.86

631.06

643.38662.65619.38

755.57766.93

604.20695.71539.46

547.43519.41

533.70

503.20459.02525.10544.70

574.33528.21588.11

534.36570.38470.88602.93495.98494.48398.14

476.08

509.16

381.90454.46403.80423.43326.43380.40378.28350.27338.66492.68269.88353.43359.83349.36

361.67335.94315.59363.39347.62348.54401.53392.60414.28380.97

$379.36

663.71

695.70817.67626.93

806.37823.54

633.16793.88538.82

558.56503.52

532.06

502.15453.03529.62547.19

551.63504.45566.41

537.26588.21468.36610.32491.31501.12392.39

496.76

532.97

398.37442.26427.85448.67349.42398.45395.60366.22357.37527.22280.86383.66390.46371.37

375.86351.05333.08374.03353.38371.94419.02394.13427.58380.83

$376.04

647.02

680.12775.22615.63

795.47807.63

614.66741.20539.78

546.56491.97

519.48

495.78450.78519.26539.47

535.30478.44552.48

524.34571.16473.63597.74476.93488.21392.30

491.62

527.93

385.09441.05413.34433.86337.11382.39383.13349.97347.09502.47278.40356.64364.23362.98

359.66329.45316.22344.04321.10352.47399.74387.47429.32370.16

$380.12

654.89

550.84

503.22

540.14

399.23

378.14

97




Industry1987SIC

Code


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Durable goods—ContinuedStone, clay, and glass products

Flat glassGlass and glassware, pressed or blown




Misc. nonmetallic mineral productsAbrasive productsAsbestos products



Iron and steel foundriesGray and ductile iron foundriesMalleable iron foundriesSteel foundries, nee






Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsaws ...Hardware, nee

Plumbing and heating, except electric ....Plumbing fixture fittings and trimHeating equipment, except electric

Fabricated structural metal productsFabricated structural metal ,Metal doors, sash, and trim ,Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)Sheet metal work ,Architectural metal work ,





Misc. fabricated metal productsValves and pipe fittings, neeMisc. fabricated wire products


323213223221322932332432532632732713272327332932913292

333313312331733233213322332533333343353351335333573363365

3434134113423423,5342934334323433344344134423443344434463453451345234634623465346934734713479348348334934943496

41.444.142.343.141.541.343.140.742.040.342.041.737.742.042.342.1

43.543.943.944.543.944.245.543.242.641.643.944.345.643.141.641.0

41.744.044.141.240.940.941.341.139.240.541.638.442.140.039.642.441.843.243.042.243.941.941.340.942.041.841.041.942.041.3

41.445.041.742.640.841.042.240.241.641.141.942.139.641.843.041.8

43.543.944.043.443.844.044.943.642.342.043.843.245.843.341.841.5

41.542.241.941.141.040.541.141.039.540.341.338.541.840.038.642.542.043.043.241.744.441.941.140.641.841.841.341.741.440.9

42.045.242.443.641.343.443.441.841.540.941.642.338.542.943.043.8

44.243.743.843.845.645.849.844.242.541.945.444.446.345.542.242.1

42.443.543.342.742.043.042.143.041.040.942.138.641.940.540.842.742.243.444.643.845.943.041.040.441.941.540.643.042.842.2

41.146.042.643.441.942.345.141.140.938.840.740.135.842.342.439.9

43.943.844.043.745.646.247.444.242.342.044.144.145.843.342.241.2

41.943.543.141.240.941.141.042.040.440.341.037.742.539.740.242.642.143.244.644.346.442.240.540.141.241.641.042.442.241.3

42.8

44.444.1

42.6

4.36.04.45.53.52.85.03.23.15.15.74.74.54.43.54.9

5.45.86.04.95.25.38.25.15.04.65.87.17.15.23.93.7

3.85.25.23.22.93.03.12.91.63.24.22.04.12.92.94.84.35.44.53.85.23.73.93.64.43.42.73.84.03.3

4.46.94.45.63.32.74.23.23.05.25.54.65.34.64.54.1

5.35.86.14.25.25.17.95.34.74.75.66.17.25.13.83.8

3.74.84.62.92.92.73.53.61.93.24.02.23.92.92.54.64.35.04.63.65.43.73.83.44.42.92.53.63.62.7

4.77.44.45.53.54.34.93.84.25.14.65.04.44.63.85.1

6.15.96.05.57.17.79.15.84.74.16.97.57.26.54.64.4

4.65.65.54.23.84.54.24.83.23.84.72.54.53.53.55.44.86.06.05.96.74.83.93.54.63.83.04.84.73.8

4.67.94.65.63.73.96.64.13.94.64.34.44.04.63.93.5

6.15.65.84.97.48.1

10.65.94.84.46.77.37.26.24.84.9

4.55.45.14.03.64.03.74.43.23.74.32.25.13.23.35.45.05.96.26.57.44.34.03.74.54.23.34.54.43.2

98





Industry1987SIC

Code


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Durable goods—ContinuedStone, clay, and glass products

Flat glassGlass and glassware, pressed or blown




Misc. nonmetallic mineral productsAbrasive productsAsbestos products



Iron and steel foundriesGray and ductile iron foundriesMalleable iron foundriesSteel foundries, nee






Hand and edge tools, and blades and handsawsHardware, nee

Plumbing and heating, except electricPlumbing fixture fittings and trimHeating equipment, except electric

Fabricated structural metal productsFabricated structural metalMetal doors, sash, and trimFabricated plate work (boiler shops)Sheet metal workArchitectural metal work





Misc. fabricated metal productsValves and pipe fittings, neeMisc. fabricated wire products


323213223221322932332432532632732713272327332932913292

333313312331733233213322332533333343353351335333573363365

3434134113423423,5342934334323433344344134423443344434463453451345234634623465346934734713479348348334934943496

$11.6716.8313.0913.5112.6910.3715.0310.2610.0511.0110.469.99

11.6412.2610.6413.07

13.8216.2317.3412.5812.1012.4413.0511.7715.0215.1513.0312.6715.3913.0111.1410.60

11.5614.8715.9111.4610.8511.4710.359.77

10.4310.7410.768.96

12.0411.009.84

11.5510.6812.5213.7113.4915.6310.969.659.679.61

12.9912.9410.7411.299.57

$11.7017.1013.1113.5312.7110.2414.9510.2510.0211.1310.4710.0311.8512.2610.6413.28

13.8216.2117.3012.5112.1812.6113.2011.6714.8915.0613.0912.4915.5513.1311.0910.59

11.5615.0216.1311.4110.8411.3910.339.85

10.3810.8010.858.99

12.1611.019.93

11.5010.6612.4413.7613.5215.7110.969.559.549.56

12.8612.7610.7311.219.52

$11.9717.9213.5313.8813.2110.6615.3510.5010.5111.2110.5610.1011.8712.5811.0014.53

14.1716.6017.8113.0312.9113.6113.6911.7815.0815.2413.3913.0115.5813.5911.3610.60

11.8715.2316.3511.8011.2011.7810.589.92

10.8410.9110.859.21

12.3211.1310.0011.7810.9312.7414.3213.8616.5111.189.759.849.60

13.6913.8911.1211.389.90

$11.9818.0313.5613.9113.2310.6615.6910.6410.3511.1210.3610.1811.6412.5010.9614.67

14.2516.6417.8413.1813.0213.6115.2811.9015.2915.3313.5113.0815.8913.7311.4110.82

11.9015.2916.4111.9011.1211.9010.469.79

10.8110.9410.869.23

12.3911.179.80

11.7210.9712.5814.4314.0816.6011.209.799.859.70

13.7413.8911.0411.249.68

$11.97

14.1616.65

11.95

$483.14742.20553.71582.28526.64428.28647.79417.58422.10443.70439.32416.58438.83514.92450.07550.25

601.17712.50761.23559.81531.19549.85593.78508.46639.85630.24572.02561.28701.78560.73463.42434.60

482.05654.28701.63472.15443.77469.12427.46401.55408.86434.97447.62344.06506.88440.00389.66489.72446.42540.86589.53569.28686.16459.22398.55395.50403.62542.98530.54450.01474.18395.24

$484.38769.50546.69576.38518.57419.84630.89412.05416.83457.44438.69422.26469.26512.47457.52555.10

601.17711.62761.20542.93533.48554.84592.68508.81629.85632.52573.34539.57712.19568.53463.56439.49

479.74633.84675.85468.95444.44461.30424.56403.85410.01435.24448.11346.12508.29440.40383.30488.75447.72534.92594.43563.78697.52459.22392.51387.32399.61537.55526.99447.44464.09389.37

$502.74809.98573.67605.17545.57462.64666.19438.90436.17458.49439.30427.23457.00539.68473.00636.41

626.31725.42780.08570.71588.70623.34681.76520.68640.90638.56607.91577.64721.35618.35479.39446.26

503.29662.51707.96503.86470.40506.54445.42426.56444.44446.22456.79355.51516.21450.77408.00503.01461.25552.92638.67607.07757.81480.74399.75397.54402.24568.14563.93478.16487.06417.78

$492.38829.38577.66603.69554.34450.92707.62437.30423.32431.46421.65408.22416.71528.75464.70585.33

625.58728.83784.96575.97593.71628.78724.27525.98646.77643.86595.79576.83727.76594.51481.50445.78

498.61665.12707.27490.28454.81489.09428.86411.18436.72440.88445.26347.97526.58443.45393.96499.27461.84543.46643.58623.74770.24472.64396.50394.99399.64571.58569.49468.10474.33399.78

$512.32

628.70734.27

509.07

99




Industry1987SIC

Code


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994"


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Durable goods—ContinuedIndustrial machinery and equipment

Engines and turbinesTurbines and turbine generator setsInternal combustion engines, nee


Construction and related machineryConstruction machineryMining machinery ...Oil and gas field machineryConveyors and conveying equipmentIndustrial trucks and tractors












Electric lighting and wiring equipmentElectric lampsCurrent-carrying wiring devicesNoncurrent-carrying wiring devices .....Residential lighting fixtures






3535135113519352352335335313532353335353537354354135423544354535463553552355535563563561356235633564356635683573571

3575,8,9358358535935923596,9

36361361236133623621362536336323633363436436413643364436453653651366366136736713674367936936913694

42.844.243.444.541.942.743.944.141.647.642.740.543.543.143.544.242.441.542.442.541.042.442.541.243.843.140.144.243.341.641.4

41.641.842.142.842.842.9

41.541.240.541.841.942.041.241.343.940.839.741.544.540.542.439.541.440.842.844.741.340.642.339.740.940.340.7

42.843.842.644.442.143.043.644.040.846.643.340.243.443.043.344.242.341.942.341.741.542.142.641.343.743.540.944.043.541.741.6

40.942.142.542.842.443.0

41.441.040.141.941.741.941.240.743.340.140.041.043.539.841.339.841.340.542.644.241.442.142.440.241.441.641.6

43.544.642.945.343.543.444.144.443.246.643.041.244.144.144.944.743.242.443.742.043.843.043.243.744.843.741.542.043.542.041.9

41.443.844.742.944.242.8

42.142.342.442.243.043.641.541.841.744.440.142.447.041.643.337.940.441.242.443.341.743.142.640.642.743.743.1

43.044.743.245.443.344.043.644.442.746.242.640.843.644.044.544.042.641.343.240.243.043.342.642.844.043.739.443.143.241.943.1

40.642.242.742.643.342.5

41.441.741.941.441.942.440.840.541.943.738.741.145.140.043.436.240.040.641.743.241.542.942.840.042.444.942.4

43.9

42.3

4.44.64.54.74.04.15.14.94.27.35.33.05.44.34.96.43.93.14.44.44.14.74.13.35.34.12.45.74.73.33.1

3.03.23.44.74.54.9

3.53.13.23.02.93.02.53.96.02.12.23.34.32.83.22.43.72.63.54.53.93.44.82.83.42.23.7

4.44.44.14.54.34.44.84.63.36.65.53.05.34.24.96.43.83.24.44.14.44.34.13.25.54.12.75.34.33.23.1

2.63.53.84.64.24.8

3.53.12.83.33.03.22.63.65.42.02.83.03.92.42.23.23.92.63.33.94.03.84.83.23.72.94.1

5.15.24.95.34.94.85.45.85.66.55.23.86.15.55.97.04.74.25.54.36.15.04.84.76.34.93.34.85.03.33.5

3.15.15.95.16.25.1

4.04.04.23.84.24.83.13.21.95.12.44.15.63.93.62.13.53.53.54.24.25.04.93.34.76.35.0

5.05.65.35.75.35.75.56.14.86.85.13.86.05.56.46.74.73.95.43.86.34.84.74.86.15.52.65.64.73.03.1

2.64.75.35.05.55.0

3.83.74.13.34.34.83.12.83.82.22.13.65.13.13.41.83.63.43.64.33.95.44.33.14.86.85.0

100




B-15. Average hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by detailedindustry-—Continued

Industry1987SIC

Code


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Durable goods—ContinuedIndustrial machinery and equipment

Engines and turbinesTurbines and turbine generator setsInternal combustion engines, nee


Construction and related machineryConstruction machineryMining machineryOil and gas field machineryConveyors and conveying equipmentIndustrial trucks and tractors












Electric lighting and wiring equipmentElectric lampsCurrent-carrying wiring devicesNoncurrent-carrying wiring devicesResidential lighting fixtures






3535135113519352352335335313532353335353537354354135423544354535463553552355535563563561356235633564356635683573571

3575,8,9358358535935923596,9

36361361236133623621362536336323633363436436413643364436453653651366366136736713674367936936913694

$12.6115.8216.4215.5712.0013.1312.7614.3112.8711.4711.6511.1013.2613.5313.2213.8111.7410.8412.9411.1014.5312.7312.2712.9613.3012.2410.2113.1112.1412.3813.32

12.3411.4211.6112.0813.3311.75

11.1010.7610.0811.4510.489.94

11.5010.5111.6912.798.12

10.9211.7110.8210.298.25

10.8811.1511.4412.0711.1113.0814.259.54

12.3813.1013.26

$12.5915.7716.4615.4811.9713.1012.7414.2812.7711.3911.6411.1513.2513.4513.2513.8411.6810.8113.0411.2214.7812.7612.2212.8913.2812.2710.2112.9312.0812.3513.39

12.2811.3811.5312.0613.1111.75

11.1110.719.97

11.4510.539.94

11.6810.5111.8612.678.21

10.8511.6210.7110.378.20

10.7311.0511.5112.1811.1413.0014.289.48

12.4713.3513.30

$12.9216.3716.9216.1512.2713.3113.1414.6613.6811.9612.0511.2713.5913.9313.9214.1511.9511.1713.3911.6115.4013.0712.6313.6413.8012.9110.4213.4812.6612.6813.71

12.4811.5011.7412.3513.6312.00

11.4011.1010.5311.7010.7410.0412.1110.7411.7613.428.46

11.2011.8910.9810.578.25

11.0711.5812.0313.2511.3513.1514.419.64

12.7213.7813.53

$12.9516.4117.0516.1512.4813.5013.1214.6913.3711.9411.9311.2513.5913.8713.9014.1611.9711.1213.3311.5515.3612.8812.6413.6313.7412.8910.4813.5412.7512.8213.97

12.5611.5111.7312.3713.6612.02

11.4411.1310.6511.6410.7810.0712.1610.8812.1513.728.36

11.1811.8811.0010.488.22

11.2311.8012.1313.4111.3013.1614.349.55

12.8714.2313.54

$12.96

11.45

$539.71699.24712.63692.87502.80560.65560.16631.07535.39545.97497.46449.55576.81583.14575.07610.40497.78449.86548.66471.75595.73539.75521.48533.95582.54527.54409.42579.46525.66515.01551.45

513.34477.36488.78517.02570.52504.08

460.65443.31408.24478.61439.11417.48473.80434.06513.19521.83322.36453.18521.10438.21436.30325.88450.43454.92489.63539.53458.84531.05602.78378.74506.34527.93539.68

$538.85690.73701.20687.31503.94563.30555.46628.32521.02530.77504.01448.23575.05578.35573.73611.73494.06452.94551.59467.87613.37537.20520.57532.36580.34533.75417.59568.92525.48515.00557.02

502.25479.10490.03516.17555.86505.25

459.95439.11399.80479.76439.10416.49481.22427.76513.54508.07328.40444.85505.47426.26428.28326.36443.15447.53490.33538.36461.20547.30605.47381.10516.26555.36553.28

$562.02730.10725.87731.60533.75577.65579.47650.90590.98557.34518.15464.32599.32614.31625.01632.51516.24473.61585.14487.62674.52562.01545.62596.07618.24564.17432.43566.16550.71532.56574.45

516.67503.70524.78529.82602.45513.60

479.94469.53446.47493.74461.82437.74502.57448.93490.39595.85339.25474.88558.83456.77457.68312.68447.23477.10510.07573.73473.30566.77613.87391.38543.14602.19583.14

$556.85733.53736.56733.21540.38594.00572.03652.24570.90551.63508.22459.00592.52610.28618.55623.04509.92459.26575.86464.31660.48557.70538.46583.36604.56563.29412.91583.57550.80537.16602.11

509.94485.72500.87526.96591.48510.85

473.62464.12446.24481.90451.68426.97496.13440.64509.09599.56323.53459.50535.79440.00454.83297.56449.20479.08505.82579.31468.95564.56613.75382.00545.69638.93574.10

$568.94

484.34

101




Industry1987SIC

Code


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994p


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Durable goods—ContinuedTransportation equipment

Motor vehicles and equipmentMotor vehicles and car bodiesTruck and bus bodiesMotor vehicle parts and accessoriesTruck trailers



Railroad equipmentGuided missiles, space vehicles, and parts..

Guided missiles and space vehiclesMisc. transportation equipment












Nondurable goods

Food and kindred productsMeat products

Meat packing plantsSausages and other prepared meatsPoultry slaughtering and processing





3737137113713371437153723721372437283733731373237437637613793792

3838138238223823382538438413842385386387

3939139113933943942,4394939539639613993993

202012011201320152022022202620320322033203720420412048

42.343.342.242.844.441.041.741.341.942.239.439.738.741.641.040.839.838.2

41.040.941.240.542.341.240.641.239.839.642.840.6

39.637.136.640.140.339.041.140.440.740.439.439.7

40.3

40.038.840.040.937.441.840.242.439.740.538.941.144.046.443.1

42.543.943.243.344.741.841.541.041.442.339.339.139.841.440.540.239.738.3

41.140.541.240.841.341.340.942.339.539.342.940.9

39.837.537.240.440.338.541.439.540.540.539.940.1

39.9

39.838.439.742.136.442.041.342.139.339.638.840.944.446.044.1

43.745.444.942.746.343.541.740.743.242.240.040.539.042.342.143.240.439.2

41.541.642.141.741.942.241.041.540.239.343.540.4

39.637.737.040.139.637.740.740.240.741.040.040.2

40.4

40.340.642.741.239.141.338.642.439.942.939.738.944.544.044.3

43.645.746.741.445.842.441.240.142.342.239.239.439.042.641.741.539.937.9

41.041.541.842.142.241.440.240.839.238.442.737.6

38.636.836.639.439.037.040.139.738.538.538.539.1

39.6

40.239.240.941.437.441.740.142.039.340.738.139.144.544.643.2

44.346.4

41.8

40.2

40.8

40.5

4.14.74.04.45.53.43.63.53.93.52.52.52.32.92.93.23.32.1

2.82.02.63.02.92.22.83.22.52.34.71.8

2.51.31.22.43.02.23.42.12.21.52.63.1

3.7

4.03.43.94.52.84.43.74.23.64.02.73.96.25.85.7

4.35.24.84.05.84.03.33.23.33.52.62.42.92.72.63.02.91.8

2.71.82.42.72.32.13.03.82.41.94.52.0

2.51.51.42.52.81.93.31.92.52.02.83.1

3.5

3.83.33.85.22.24.43.64.23.43.72.44.36.35.96.0

5.46.76.54.67.24.83.83.64.13.83.03.12.93.33.53.53.73.2

2.92.02.93.62.32.23.03.32.72.14.81.9

2.81.71.62.03.01.93.62.03.74.43.13.2

3.8

4.24.35.64.73.34.02.94.43.75.02.93.56.85.57.2

5.87.38.44.67.14.44.13.84.54.32.92.92.73.63.33.33.42.4

2.82.12.83.52.62.22.93.32.42.43.72.2

2.61.41.42.32.91.93.52.52.83.22.82.8

3.7

4.23.64.05.22.74.43.74.63.83.83.13.86.96.06.6

4.0

102





Industry1987SIC

Code


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Durable goods—ContinuedTransportation equipment

Motor vehicles and equipmentMotor vehicles and car bodiesTruck and bus bodiesMotor vehicle parts and accessoriesTruck trailers



Railroad equipmentGuided missiles, space vehicles, and parts..

Guided missiles and space vehiclesMisc. transportation equipment












Nondurable goods

Food and kindred productsMeat products

Meat packing plantsSausages and other prepared meatsPoultry slaughtering and processing





3737137113713371437153723721372437283733731373237437637613793792

3838138238223823382538438413842385386387

3939139113933943942,4394939539639613993993

202012011201320152022022202620320322033203720420412048

$15.5415.7118.6614.07

* 14.489.64

17.05(2)

$16.4715.6912.2713.359.64

14.7616.67(2)

$11.3010.64

12.1115.8811.9010.3011.5413.0610.7610.6710.148.54

14.458.18

9.329.709.679.008.748.458.90

10.157.846.779.88

10.26

10.87

10.298.329.039.657.37

11.5610.3412.199.99

12.7710.578.84

12.5010.7710.04

$15.6315.8818.9614.1914.589.74

17.08

f)$16.3415.7712.2813.409.70

14.5916.57(2)

$11.2310.66

12.1515.9511.9010.4111.5913.0310.8710.9510.088.65

14.368.16

9.289.699.648.958.698.518.78

10.247.886.879.78

10.11

10.90

10.328.349.019.777.33

11.5010.2312.1710.0612.8510.668.98

12.4610.7310.04

$16.3116.7420.2714.6715.299.87

17.63

0$16.82

16.0912.6113.809.90

15.1317.42(2)

$10.9910.63

12.4416.5112.2810.9511.7213.6011.0110.8510.349.13

14.988.44

9.559.759.709.598.978.899.00

10.298.156.98

10.1110.30

11.17

10.578.599.359.947.58

11.8510.4012.5610.4013.5510.879.42

12.7910.7710.41

$16.4316.8720.4914.5515.309.82

17.80

0$16.96

16.1412.5613.849.80

15.4817.37(2)

$10.9010.63

12.4616.6612.2611.0111.7213.5011.0410.9310.299.21

14.808.57

9.549.719.599.698.958.809.03

10.468.126.85

10.0610.20

11.20

10.558.549.139.947.60

11.8810.5912.5210.3613.2510.979.38

12.6510.8110.38

$16.4616.91

12.47

9.51

11.20

10.59

$657.34680.24787.45602.20642.91395.24710.99

$690.09662.12483.44530.00373.07614.02683.47

$449.74406.45

496.51649.49490.28417.15488.14538.07436.86439.60403.57338.18618.46332.11

369.07359.87353.92360.90352.22329.55365.79410.06319.09273.51389.27407.32

438.06

411.60322.82361.20394.69275.64483.21415.67516.86396.60517.19411.17363.32550.00499.73432.72

$664.28697.13819.07614.43651.73407.13708.82

$676.48667.07482.60523.94386.06604.03671.09

$445.83408.28

499.37645.98490.28424.73478.67538.14444.58463.19398.16339.95616.04333.74

369.34363.38358.61361.58350.21327.64363.49404.48319.14278.24390.22405.41

434.91

410.74320.26357.70411.32266.81483.00422.50512.36395.36508.86413.61367.28553.22493.58442.76

$712.75760.00910.12626.41707.93429.35735.17

$726.62679.00504.40558.90386.10640.00733.38

$444.00416.70

516.26686.82516.99456.62491.07573.92451.41450.28415.67358.81651.63340.98

378.18367.58358.90384.56355.21335.15366.30413.66331.71286.18404.40414.06

451.27

425.97348.75399.25409.53296.38489.41401.44532.54414.96581.30431.54366.44569.16473.88461.16

$716.35770.96956.88602.37700.74416.37733.36

$717.41681.11492.35545.30382.20659.45724.33

$434.91402.88

510.86691.39512.47463.52494.58558.90443.81445.94403.37353.66631.96322.23

368.24357.33350.99381.79349.05325.60362.10415.26312.62263.73387.31398.82

443.52

424.11334.77373.42411.52284.24495.40424.66525.84407.15539.28417.96366.76562.93482.13448.42

$729.18784.62

521.25

382.30

456.96

428.90

103




Industry1987SIC

Code


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Nondurable goods—ContinuedFood and kindred products—Continued





















Paper and allied productsPaper millsPaperboard mills


2052051

2052,3206206120622063206420720820822086209

21211

22221222223224225225122522253225422572262261226222722822812282229

232312322321232523262332331233523372339234234123422362361238239239123922396

26262263

38.938.3

40.140.444.043.641.639.643.640.541.240.139.9

37.337.3

41.241.141.843.240.639.538.839.138.939.540.543.342.743.142.640.741.138.143.1

37.335.537.036.536.436.736.836.735.936.237.237.438.035.037.037.036.539.037.938.240.3

43.345.444.4

39.138.6

40.139.444.439.141.838.044.040.841.540.239.5

36.035.5

39.638.539.542.040.038.337.937.437.538.040.042.442.142.240.838.939.336.642.1

37.035.936.536.335.436.236.636.036.636.336.737.537.936.035.235.536.638.837.937.840.4

43.045.145.0

38.737.7

40.540.251.143.642.737.943.539.941.439.438.0

37.537.3

41.240.942.244.739.139.238.937.138.739.940.642.642.841.943.940.841.138.943.7

36.836.136.335.036.736.835.735.435.535.235.937.236.639.637.337.336.238.936.937.740.2

43.745.345.8

38.938.6

39.540.053.941.740.937.742.840.443.039.641.0

35.236.3

39.640.940.143.937.536.434.634.735.736.939.342.043.340.642.139.639.937.242.5

35.432.734.933.834.734.334.733.435.334.134.936.335.340.634.735.035.137.435.835.339.5

42.845.245.9

38.1

41.7

37.7

43.7

3.93.8

4.03.610.55.64.12.85.23.95.93.44.6

1.21.2

4.25.44.45.73.02.82.73.02.21.84.35.95.75.54.74.14.22.84.7

1.8.81.51.11.51.41.91.21.81.72.11.51.51.41.82.21.32.62.42.33.0

4.96.06.3

3.94.0

3.63.19.13.93.92.25.44.26.33.53.9

1.21.2

3.44.13.35.52.72.12.02.11.41.33.64.94.84.73.83.23.32.64.4

1.7.81.31.01.41.21.7.9

2.41.61.61.51.42.01.21.81.52.72.42.43.5

4.96.06.8

3.73.4

4.23.911.45.64.42.96.24.06.03.33.6

2.22.1

4.45.04.76.52.23.13.63.32.22.14.05.45.44.96.14.34.63.15.3

1.71.31.41.11.51.21.3.81.61.01.31.61.32.81.82.41.33.01.52.14.5

5.15.76.8

4.14.0

4.33.412.34.83.92.25.74.67.33.84.9

2.22.5

3.95.13.76.42.22.61.82.42.51.93.65.25.94.45.33.73.82.94.7

1.6.91.21.11.3.91.3.8

2.11.11.31.31.02.61.41.91.32.71.61.74.2

4.95.86.8

104





Industry1987SIC

Code


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Nondurable goods—ContinuedFood and kindred products—Continued





















Paper and allied productsPaper millsPaperboard mills


2052051

2052,3206206120622063206420720820822086209

21211

22221222223224225225122522253225422572262261226222722822812282229

232312322321232523262332331233523372339234234123422362361238239239123922396

26262263

$11.6511.60

11.7511.1110.9915.1011.4510.1710.6214.2619.5411.589.35

16.4820.37

8.819.149.539.368.158.067.537.697.758.049.179.179.019.728.818.548.538.7310.43

7.057.726.676.576.476.406.656.227.037.136.556.796.557.946.326.266.858.277.127.1410.51

13.1816.1416.37

$11.6911.65

11.7511.2510.8215.0812.1410.3510.7114.2819.8611.499.35

17.1420.58

8.759.059.499.438.107.987.477.637.588.089.149.098.939.648.718.488.468.76

10.46

7.057.766.676.596.516.456.626.087.086.976.546.866.548.306.356.346.908.297.157.16

10.60

13.2216.2216.54

$11.6911.66

11.7411.3211.4916.0611.5710.1511.0114.6019.8312.139.81

16.9621.61

9.049.339.929.598.258.267.888.037.748.219.309.219.059.649.108.768.739.09

10.53

7.227.956.826.836.746.526.756.317.347.476.606.866.717.456.436.426.998.467.207.43

10.88

13.5616.7016.99

$11.7611.60

12.0511.4411.5415.9112.0510.3111.0914.7620.1612.269.51

18.1022.00

9.049.359.859.608.258.277.758.007.818.269.289.218.959.679.078.778.729.20

10.49

7.237.816.876.816.806.546.796.377.437.336.636.846.707.326.416.366.978.417.227.39

10.67

13.5916.8016.86

$18.60

9.02

7.25

13.62

$453.19444.28

471.18448.84483.56658.36476.32402.73463.03577.53805.05464.36373.07

614.70759.80

362.97375.65398.35404.35330.89318.37292.16300.68301.48317.58371.39397.06384.73418.93375.31347.58350.58332.61449.53

262.97274.06246.79239.81235.51234.88244.72228.27252.38258.11243.66253.95248.90277.90233.84231.62250.03322.53269.85272.75423.55

570.69732.76726.83

$457.08449.69

471.18443.25480.41589.63507.45393.30471.24582.62824.19461.90369.33

617.04730.59

346.50348.43374.86396.06324.00305.63283.11285.36284.25307.04365.60385.42375.95406.81355.37329.87332.48320.62440.37

260.85278.58243.46239.22230.45233.49242.29218.88259.13253.01240.02257.25247.87298.80223.52225.07252.54321.65270.99270.65428.24

568.46731.52744.30

$452.40439.58

475.47455.06587.14700.22494.04384.69478.94582.54820.96477.92372.78

636.00806.05

372.45381.60418.62428.67322.58323.79306.53297.91299.54327.58377.58392.35387.34403.92399.49357.41358.80353.60460.16

265.70287.00247.57239.05247.36239.94240.98223.37260.57262.94236.94255.19245.59295.02239.84239.47253.04329.09265.68280.11437.38

592.57756.51778.14

$457.46447.76

475.98457.60622.01663.45492.85388.69474.65596.30866.88485.50389.91

637.12798.60

357.98382.42394.99421.44309.38301.03268.15277.60278.82304.79364.70386.82387.54392.60381.85347.29347.93342.24445.83

255.94255.39239.76230.18235.96224.32235.61212.76262.28249.95231.39248.29236.51297.19222.43222.60244.65314.53258.48260.87421.47

581.65759.36773.87

$708.66

376.13

273.33

595.19

105




Industry1987SIC

Code


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Nondurable goods—ContinuedPaper and allied products—Continued

Paperboard containers and boxesCorrugated and solid fiber boxesSanitary food containersFolding paperboard boxes


















Leather and leather productsLeather tanning and finishingFootwear, except rubber




Railroad transportation:Class I railroads3


265265326562657267267226732677

272712722732731273227427527522759276278279

28281281928228212824283283428428412842,3284428528628652869287289

29291295

303013023053052306308

3131131431433144316317

4011

42.543.241.742.342.142.441.941.5

37.932.537.539.439.339.636.439.639.539.240.937.638.7

42.844.143.743.744.143.541.140.941.842.740.841.740.944.844.944.744.042.6

43.944.642.1

41.945.042.241.541.041.941.5

39.043.838.638.738.639.538.0

39.1

45.5

42.543.341.742.141.541.240.841.4

38.232.937.538.939.038.736.440.039.840.040.638.539.4

42.744.043.743.544.242.841.140.941.442.140.641.541.044.945.544.744.442.5

43.343.841.9

41.543.940.842.441.741.641.1

38.443.537.437.836.739.337.5

39.2

45.0

43.044.142.042.242.642.841.941.9

38.032.636.739.538.740.436.639.739.439.841.839.138.8

43.244.744.744.045.442.641.641.541.343.040.440.942.345.646.345.444.943.1

44.144.543.0

41.943.741.642.244.041.841.7

38.543.837.937.538.437.636.8

39.6

47.5

41.642.340.Q41.541.441.741.240.7

37.632.737.238.939.138.836.239.239.139.440.537.838.9

42.843.943.643.844.843.141.141.040.742.540.040.241.445.045.244.945.442.6

43.444.240.5

41.243.640.341.943.540.840.9

37.244.735.934.137.735.435.1

39.6

48.1

38.6

43.5

44.5

42.4

38.2

4.44.73.54.74.33.64.63.5

2.81.12.53.22.83.61.93.63.63.33.11.63.8

4.64.84.85.45.94.94.03.93.44.93.22.73.05.87.55.45.54.2

5.65.46.8

4.36.73.63.83.23.84.1

2.26.21.62.11.22.7

.7

4.44.93.84.63.93.04.13.5

3.01.22.43.03.02.91.53.93.73.83.12.04.2

4.54.74.75.56.14.83.73.63.14.23.12.43.26.28.45.75.54.4

5.95.96.3

4.06.32.84.03.53.53.8

1.95.71.21.31.02.3

.7

4.85.54.14.34.64.24.84.3

3.01.01.93.42.74.21.73.93.73.94.32.23.5

4.65.15.35.56.54.63.73.63.14.33.32.43.65.98.55.35.54.6

6.06.16.1

4.45.21.44.85.04.14.4

2.46.21.91.82.01.41.0

4.44.73.74.54.13.54.23.6

2.91.22.13.02.73.31.93.73.63.83.52.13.8

4.75.05.15.86.75.03.83.83.14.43.42.33.66.08.15.56.24.4

5.65.75.4

4.36.41.75.15.54.04.1

2.37.11.41.41.11.5.8

39.7

106





Industry1987SIC

Code


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Nondurable goods—ContinuedPaper and allied products—Continued

Paperboard containers and boxesCorrugated and solid fiber boxesSanitary food containersFolding paperboard boxes


















Leather and leather productsLeather tanning and finishingFootwear, except rubber




Railroad transportation:Class I railroads3


265265326562657267267226732677

272712722732731273227427527522759276278279

28281281928228212824283283428428412842,3284428528628652869287289

29291295

303013023053052306308

3131131431433144316317

4011

$11.0911.0510.9611.7411.7213.4810.9510.81

11.8311.8312.9110.7210.4311.0610.9812.0112.1011.6912.409.21

14.48

14.7716.2316.6915.3516.1614.4914.7114.7512.3215.9911.2810.6012.6017.3917.0917.6315.1413.28

18.4220.0313.06

10.5417.347.33

10.3610.439.839.77

7.499.737.037.626.447.846.77

13.60

17.23

$11.1211.1011.0811.7611.6713.3711.0510.82

11.8711.8612.9010.7110.5010.9611.0812.0712.1311.7912.469.24

14.69

14.7316.2216.6815.2716.1714.2314.6014.6112.2015.9811.2410.4412.6417.4817.2817.6914.9413.34

18.6720.3613.51

10.4917.237.35

10.3910.519.809.74

7.509.667.107.656.557.776.73

13.63

16.73

$11.5211.5811.3012.1111.8813.7911.1611.05

12.0712.0113.5611.2410.7911.7111.2612.1812.3011.8012.829.63

14.64

15.0016.6917.1615.3316.8413.6414.7714.7812.5716.0511.6511.0912.8317.7517.7717.8915.0713.78

18.8620.5413.39

10.7317.717.94

10.7811.1410.269.96

7.8810.357.418.016.857.747.08

13.84

17.08

$11.4411.4611.3612.0211.8813.8911.0711.00

12.0611.9813.5811.0410.6511.4711.3812.2012.3111.7912.679.64

14.69

15.0516.7117.1615.3016.8513.6214.8114.8312.5816.3211.5011.0412.9117.9017.7218.0915.0813.85

19.2821.0113.59

10.7517.998.04

10.8011.2110.219.95

7.9210.417.387.926.907.977.13

13.87

17.02

$12.14

15.03

19.53

10.72

7.98

13.88

$471.33477.36457.03496.60493.41571.55458.81448.62

448.36384.48484.13422.37409.90437.98399.67475.60477.95458.25507.16346.30560.38

632.16715.74729.35670.80712.66630.32604.58603.28514.98682.77460.22442.02515.34779.07767.34788.06666.16565.73

808.64893.34549.83

441.63780.30309.33429.94427.63411.88405.46

292.11426.17271.36294.89248.58309.68257.26

531.76

783.97

$472.60480.63462.04495.10484.31550.84450.84447.95

453.43390.19483.75416.62409.50424.15403.31482.80482.77471.60505.88355.74578.79

628.97713.68728.92664.25714.71609.04600.06597.55505.08672.76456.34433.26518.24784.85786.24790.74663.34566.95

808.41891.77566.07

435.34756.40299.88440.54438.27407.68400.31

288.00420.21265.54289.17240.39305.36252.38

534.30

752.85

$495.36510.68474.60511.04506.09590.21467.60463.00

458.66391.53497.65443.98417.57473.08412.12483.55484.62469.64535.88376.53568.03

648.00746.04767.05674.52764.54581.06614.43613.37519.14690.15470.66453.58542.71809.40822.75812.21676.64593.92

831.73914.03575.77

449.59773.93330.30454.92490.16428.87415.33

303.38453.33280.84300.38263.04291.02260.54

548.06

811.30

$475.90484.76454.40498.83491.83579.21456.08447.70

453.46391.75505.18429.46416.42445.04411.96478.24481.32464.53513.14364.39571.44

644.14733.57748.18670.14754.88587.02608.69608.03512.01693.60460.00443.81534.47805.50800.94812.24684.63590.01

836.75928.64550.40

442.90784.36324.01452.52487.64416.57406.96

294.62465.33264.94270.07260.13282.14250.26

549.25

818.66

$468.60

653.81

869.09

454.53

304.84

551.04

107




Industry1987SIC

Code


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Transportation and public utilities—ContinuedLocal and interurban passenger transit

Local and suburban transportationIntercity and rural bus transportation

Trucking and warehousingTrucking and courier services, except airPublic warehousing and storage

Water transportation:Water transportation services





Telephone communications, except radioRadio and television broadcastingCable and other pay television services


Wholesale trade

Durable goodsMotor vehicles, parts, and suppliesFurniture and home furnishingsLumber and other construction materialsProfessional and commercial equipment

Medical and hospital equipmentMetals and minerals, except petroleumElectrical goodsHardware, plumbing, and heating equipment...Machinery, equipment, and suppliesMisc. wholesale trade durable goods

Nondurable goodsPaper and paper productsDrugs, proprietaries, and sundriesApparel, piece goods, and notionsGroceries and related productsFarm-product raw materialsChemicals and allied productsPetroleum and petroleum productsBeer, wine, and distilled beveragesMisc. wholesale trade nondurable goods

Retail trade


General merchandise storesDepartment stores


41411413

42421422

449

46

474724724473

484814813483484

49491492493495

505015025035045047505506507508509

51511512513514515516517518519

52521523525526

53531

33.137.939.5

37.937.839.5

37.1

41.0

36.836.135.937.4

39.340.840.834.538.8

41.541.241.742.342.0

37.9

38.538.536.838.738.737.340.138.038.339.137.2

37.136.037.636.537.934.239.637.336.336.4

28.2

35.537.435.831.532.7

27.627.6

33.137.937.0

38.137.939.6

36.4

40.2

36.836.035.937.5

39.340.840.834.538.8

42.642.842.143.742.2

37.8

38.438.437.038.938.537.240.038.238.439.036.9

36.935.836.736.438.034.239.736.836.836.0

27.8

35.537.535.631.332.8

27.727.7

33.538.138.9

38.538.439.4

36.3

44.9

37.536.536.438.5

39.340.840.734.938.5

43.042.643.644.042.9

38.2

38.938.237.339.139.438.940.938.838.839.436.9

37.337.037.536.038.034.439.938.336.436.6

28.2

35.737.336.432.032.6

27.827.8

33.438.040.9

37.937.839.0

36.2

42.8

36.935.835.838.3

39.240.840.934.238.6

42.943.143.243.342.1

37.9

38.537.936.738.439.038.140.538.238.239.137.0

37.036.137.035.738.034.039.537.836.536.4

28.1

35.337.035.731.532.5

27.727.8

38.1

28.5

108





Industry1987SIC

Code


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Transportation and public utilities—ContinuedLocal and interurban passenger transit

Local and suburban transportationIntercity and rural bus transportation

Trucking and warehousingTrucking and courier services, except airPublic warehousing and storage

Water transportation:Water transportation services





Telephone communications, except radioRadio and television broadcastingCable and other pay television services


Wholesale trade

Durable goodsMotor vehicles, parts, and suppliesFurniture and home furnishingsLumber and other construction materialsProfessional and commercial equipment

Medical and hospital equipmentMetals and minerals, except petroleumElectrical goodsHardware, plumbing, and heating equipment...Machinery, equipment, and suppliesMisc. wholesale trade durable goods

Nondurable goodsPaper and paper productsDrugs, proprietaries, and sundriesApparel, piece goods, and notionsGroceries and related productsFarm-product raw materialsChemicals and allied productsPetroleum and petroleum productsBeer, wine, and distilled beveragesMisc. wholesale trade nondurable goods

Retail trade


General merchandise storesDepartment stores


41411413

42421422

449

46

474724724473

484814813483484

49491492493495

505015025035045047505506507508509

51511512513514515516517518519

52521523525526

53531

$9.9810.7512.90

12.2412.429.98

17.85

19.22

10.9310.079.96

12.17

14.8215.5815.7713.9811.23

16.5517.0716.2019.4712.13

11.61

11.9210.4910.6411.0314.2512.9712.0112.4011.1911.829.44

11.1911.7113.4611.0011.378.30

13.3010.6012.779.48

7.26

8.628.979.187.417.60

7.327.34

$9.9010.6712.75

12.2612.459.95

17.19

19.19

10.9910.1410.0412.22

14.7515.4615.6314.0011.37

16.8117.5116.1519.8512.02

11.59

11.9110.5010.6611.0614.2712.9812.0212.3111.2011.779.43

11.1611.7513.2810.9911.388.32

13.0810.4812.829.43

7.28

8.638.999.167.467.53

7.337.34

$10.0710.7512.97

12.4512.6510.00

18.32

19.91

11.2710.3410.2812.64

15.1715.8316.0914.7411.78

17.1717.7016.8320.6312.12

11.94

12.3410.8110.8311.3914.8913.3312.2512.8411.6612.319.73

11.3811.8513.4711.1411.678.53

13.1510.8412.929.64

7.45

8.799.089.397.617.92

7.427.39

$10.1510.8613.31

12.4412.639.99

18.55

19.97

11.3810.5510.5612.64

15.1115.8516.1114.4111.63

17.3218.0616.9120.4612.11

11.92

12.2810.8210.8611.2614.7413.1412.3012.8311.6212.209.77

11.4211.8613.7311.1811.688.61

13.0710.8612.849.73

7.45

8.799.079.467.637.84

7.457.40

$11.86

7.44

$330.34407.43509.55

463.90469.48394.21

662.24

788.02

402.22363.53357.56455.16

582.43635.66643.42482.31435.72

686.83703.28675.54823.58509.46

440.02

458.92403.87391.55426.86551.48483.78481.60471.20428.58462.16351.17

415.15421.56506.10401.50430.92283.86526.68395.38463.55345.07

204.73

306.01335.48328.64233.42248.52

202.03202.58

$327.69404.39471.75

467.11471.86394.02

625.72

771.44

404.43365.04360.44458.25

579.68630.77637.70483.00441.16

716.11749.43679.92867.45507.24

438.10

457.34403.20394.42430.23549.40482.86480.80470.24430.08459.03347.97

411.80420.65487.38400.04432.44284.54519.28385.66471.78339.48

202.38

306.37337.13326.10233.50246.98

203.04203.32

$337.35409.58504.53

479.33485.76394.00

665.02

893.96

422.63377.41374.19486.64

596.18645.86654.86514.43453.53

738.31754.02733.79907.72519.95

456.11

480.03412.94403.96445.35586.67518.54501.03498.19452.41485.01359.04

424.47438.45505.13401.04443.46293.43524.69415.17470.29352.82

210.09

313.80338.68341.80243.52258.19

206.28205.44

$339.01412.68544.38

471.48477.41389.61

671.51

854.72

419.92377.69378.05484.11

592.31646.68658.90492.82448.92

743.03778.39730.51885.92509.83

451.77

472.78410.08398.56432.38574.86500.63498.15490.11443.88477.02361.49

422.54428.15508.01399.13443.84292.74516.27410.51468.66354.17

209.35

310.29335.59337.72240.35254.80

206.37205.72

$451.87

212.04

109




Industry1987SIC

Code


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Retail trade—ContinuedGeneral merchandise stores—Continued

Variety storesMisc. general merchandise stores

Food storesGrocery storesRetail bakeries

Automotive dealers and service stations ...New and used car dealersAuto and home supply storesGasoline service stationsAutomotive dealers, nee


Furniture and home furnishings storesFurniture and home furnishings stores ...Household appliance storesRadio, television, and computer stores...

Radio, television, and electronic storesRecord and prerecorded tape stores ...

Eating and drinking places4

Miscellaneous retail establishmentsDrug stores and proprietary storesUsed merchandise storesMiscellaneous shopping goods stores ....Nonstore retailersFuel dealersRetail stores, nee



State commercial banksNational and commercial banks, nee ...

Credit unions

Nondepository institutionsPersonal credit institutions

Security and commodity brokers:Security and commodity services


Hospital and medical service plansFire, marine, and casualty insurance

Services


Hotels and other lodging places:Hotels and motels4


533539

54541546

55551553554559

56561562565566

5757157257357315735

58

59591593594596598599

6060260226021,5606

61614

628

636316326324633

07074078

701

26.828.2

29.229.328.4

35.737.137.433.134.0

25.228.822.626.325.8

32.632.833.132.232.226.7

24.6

29.527.931.627.333.139.331.5

35.7

35.134.935.434.535.4

37.137.3

36.3

37.937.838.738.737.4

32.3

31.828.733.4

30.6

27.027.6

28.929.027.8

35.637.037.332.833.3

25.228.322.726.425.4

32.432.633.032.031.626.7

24.0

29.027.631.827.032.938.330.0

35.5

34.734.535.034.135.4

37.037.4

36.2

37.837.638.638.537.4

32.3

32.428.434.4

30.3

27.528.3

29.129.327.8

35.837.236.933.334.7

24.928.322.025.626.2

33.132.934.233.132.829.2

24.5

29.428.232.227.333.641.830.2

36.3

35.635.536.135.136.0

38.538.0

37.1

38.437.839.038.937.9

32.6

32.228.334.1

30.2

26.827.9

29.029.228.3

35.336.836.732.634.3

24.827.822.325.525.6

32.632.433.032.732.328.8

24.5

29.427.531.627.133.740.631.7

35.8

35.034.835.334.435.6

37.637.9

36.4

38.037.738.838.837.7

32.3

31.528.033.2

30.6

35.7

32.4

110





Industry1987SIC

Code


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Retail trade—ContinuedGeneral merchandise stores—Continued

Variety storesMisc. general merchandise stores

Food storesGrocery storesRetail bakeries

Automotive dealers and service stations...New and used car dealersAuto and home supply storesGasoline service stationsAutomotive dealers, nee


Furniture and home furnishings storesFurniture and home furnishings stores ...Household appliance storesRadio, television, and computer stores...

Radio, television, and electronic storesRecord and prerecorded tape stores ...

Eating and drinking places4

Miscellaneous retail establishmentsDrug stores and proprietary storesUsed merchandise storesMiscellaneous shopping goods stores ....Nonstore retailersFuel dealersRetail stores, nee



State commercial banksNational and commercial banks, nee ...

Credit unions

Nondepository institutionsPersonal credit institutions

Security and commodity brokers:Security and commodity services


Hospital and medical service plansFire, marine, and casualty insurance

Services


Hotels and other lodging places:Hotels and motels4


533539

54541546

55551553554559

56561562565566

5757157257357315735

58

59591593594596598599

6060260226021,9606

61614

628

636316326324633

07074078

701

$6.517.75

7.777.856.80

9.4111.628.226.59

10.43

7.038.556.716.797.20

9.339.119.829.549.245.78

5.34

7.887.996.727.228.38

11.228.00

11.19

9.128.698.538.818.99

11.769.81

16.05

12.8511.7912.5112.7513.85

10.83

8.608.138.94

7.59

$6.527.81

7.827.916.88

9.4111.628.246.58

10.67

7.018.356.726.797.17

9.309.139.559.499.175.82

5.34

7.938.026.677.268.43

11.168.15

11.17

9.098.648.518.738.95

11.659.69

15.79

12.8611.8612.5412.8713.81

10.81

8.548.108.83

7.52

$6.938.01

7.897.986.99

9.7312.068.406.76

10.49

7.218.676.827.077.35

9.689.579.889.789.726.00

5.43

8.218.276.887.628.78

11.858.27

11.74

9.338.918.739.049.31

12.8510.12

16.03

13.6713.0613.1313.4814.34

11.09

8.808.289.12

7.79

$7.078.22

7.928.017.02

9.8012.158.416.75

10.89

7.198.406.846.967.48

9.649.499.849.829.805.96

5.42

8.218.336.827.648.75

11.798.17

11.71

9.389.028.749.219.28

12.439.86

15.94

13.6513.1312.9313.2214.47

11.08

8.778.319.09

7.72

$11.67

11.06

$174.47218.55

226.88230.01193.12

335.94431.10307.43218.13354.62

177.16246.24151.65178.58185.76

304.16298.81325.04307.19297.53154.33

131.36

232.46222.92212.35197.11277.38440.95252.00

399.48

320.11303.28301.96303.95318.25

436.30365.91

582.62

487.02445.66484.14493.43517.99

349.81

273.48233.33298.60

232.25

$176.04215.56

226.00229.39191.26

335.00429.94307.35215.82355.31

176.65236.31152.54179.26182.12

301.32297.64315.15303.68289.77155.39

128.16

229.97221.35212.11196.02277.35427.43244.50

396.54

315.42298.08297.85297.69316.83

431.05362.41

571.60

486.11445.94484.04495.50516.49

349.16

276.70230.04303.75

227.86

$190.58226.68

229.60233.81194.32

348.33448.63309.96225.11364.00

179.53245.36150.04180.99192.57

320.41314.85337.90323.72318.82175.20

133.04

241.37233.21221.54208.03295.01495.33249.75

426.16

332.15316.31315.15317.30335.16

494.73384.56

594.71

524.93493.67512.07524.37543.49

361.53

283.36234.32310.99

235.26

$189.48229.34

229.68233.89198.67

345.94447.12308.65220.05373.53

178.31233.52152.53177.48191.49

314.26307.48324.72321.11316.54171.65

132.79

241.37229.08215.51207.04294.88478.67258.99

419.22

328.30313.90308.52316.82330.37

467.37373.69

580.22

518.70495.00501.68512.94545.52

357.88

276.26232.68301.79

236.23

$416.62

358.34

111




Industry1987SIC

Code


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Services—ContinuedPersonal services:

Laundry, cleaning, and garment servicesBeauty shops4

Miscellaneous personal services

Business servicesAdvertisingMailing, reproduction, and stenographic services:


Heavy construction equipment rental ,Personnel supply services:

Help supply servicesComputer and data processing services

Computer programming servicesComputer integrated systems designInformation retrieval servicesComputer maintenance and repair

Miscellaneous business servicesDetective and armored car servicesSecurity systems services





Miscellaneous repair services

Motion picturesMotion picture production and services



Health servicesOffices and clinics of medical doctorsOffices and clinics of dentistsOffices and clinics of other health practitioners ..Nursing and personal care facilities

Intermediate care facilitiesHospitalsHome health care services

Legal services


Membership organizations:Professional organizations


721723729

73731

73347347357353

7363737737173737375737873873817382

7575175147527537532,475387547542

76

78781

7979379979917997

808018028048058052806808

81

83832833835836839

862

33.528.527.1

33.036.7

37.128.438.038.9

31.538.438.738.238.138.833.233.537.6

35.737.236.133.337.736.937.629.726.5

37.5

28.537.6

26.524.925.718.227.8

32.732.228.129.431.931.134.527.5

34.6

31.132.030.129.631.732.0

34.8

33.228.122.9

33.036.6

37.628.438.239.2

31.638.138.638.137.838.933.233.636.7

36.037.336.133.137.937.037.930.527.9

37.6

28.237.5

26.124.525.318.327.1

32.632.028.329.231.831.034.627.5

34.5

30.931.830.029.431.531.8

34.5

33.127.721.8

33.237.0

37.228.738.839.0

31.738.438.339.038.139.633.534.036.1

36.236.535.634.038.437.338.530.527.8

37.8

28.838.8

26.124.625.418.427.5

33.032.528.430.332.631.834.828.3

35.4

31.432.330.929.332.332.0

35.8

33.227.728.3

32.736.6

37.728.538.638.5

31.137.738.338.335.739.433.033.635.8

35.836.836.034.238.037.038.029.426.5

37.7

29.038.9

25.824.625.018.127.5

32.632.227.829.831.730.934.628.1

34.7

30.931.630.529.231.631.8

35.1

112





Industry1987SIC

Code


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Services—ContinuedPersonal services:

Laundry, cleaning, and garment servicesBeauty shops4

Miscellaneous personal services

Business servicesAdvertisingMailing, reproduction, and stenographic services:


Heavy construction equipment rentalPersonnel supply services:

Help supply servicesComputer and data processing services

Computer programming servicesComputer integrated systems designInformation retrieval servicesComputer maintenance and repair

Miscellaneous business servicesDetective and armored car servicesSecurity systems services





Miscellaneous repair services

Motion picturesMotion picture production and services



Health servicesOffices and clinics of medical doctorsOffices and clinics of dentistsOffices and clinics of other health practitioners .Nursing and personal care facilities

Intermediate care facilitiesHospitalsHome health care services

Legal services


Membership organizations:Professional organizations


721723729

73731

73347347357353

7363737737173737375737873873817382

7575175147527537532,475387547542

76

78781

7979379979917997

808018028048058052806808

81

83832833835836839

862

$7.257.606.96

10.1214.73

9.577.30

10.5713.73

8.3916.0918.7316.5514.1013.718.606.70

10.52

9.289.398.356.87

10.1710.8510.187.056.09

10.90

13.3019.58

8.756.468.068.028.16

11.6911.7111.2410.248.047.47

13.3910.34

15.25

7.808.307.686.617.998.85

14.58

$7.287.667.30

10.0814.74

9.587.33

10.6913.96

8.3216.1118.5216.7614.5513.568.596.76

10.76

9.259.258.246.92

10.1810.8010.187.006.04

10.96

13.1819.38

8.756.508.127.908.22

11.6911.7411.2310.188.077.48

13.3810.35

15.15

7.798.297.646.607.998.86

14.51

$7.337.857.35

10.3615.51

9.757.44

10.8414.06

8.4316.8219.4417.8014.2913.788.796.85

11.12

9.449.208.316.96

10.4711.0610.477.046.23

11.25

12.8218.94

8.966.598.318.068.40

12.0012.1411.7310.608.357.81

13.7310.56

15.63

8.108.708.026.788.219.26

15.45

$7.337.926.94

10.3815.35

9.757.41

10.8214.03

8.4916.8919.8017.6514.3213.788.766.87

10.97

9.499.268.426.80

10.5211.1510.497.156.22

11.23

14.0720.69

8.896.578.328.008.40

11.9912.1511.7610.618.367.76

13.6810.58

15.54

8.058.597.976.768.229.20

15.41

$242.88216.60188.62

333.96540.59

355.05207.32401.66534.10

264.29617.86724.85632.21537.21531.95285.52224.45395.55

331.30349.31301.44228.77383.41400.37382.77209.39161.39

408.75

379.05736.21

231.88160.85207.14145.96226.85

382.26377.06315.84301.06256.48232.32461.96284.35

527.65

242.58265.60231.17195.66253.28283.20

507.38

$241.70215.25167.17

332.64539.48

360.21208.17408.36547.23

262.91613.79714.87638.56549.99527.48285.19227.14394.89

333.00345.03297.46229.05385.82399.60385.82213.50168.52

412.10

371.68726.75

228.38159.25205.44144.57222.76

381.09375.68317.81297.26256.63231.88462.95284.63

522.68

240.71263.62229.20194.04251.69281.75

500.60

$242.62217.45160.23

343.95573.87

362.70213.53420.59548.34

267.23645.89744.55694.20544.45545.69294.47232.90401.43

341.73335.80295.84236.64402.05412.54403.10214.72173.19^

425.25

369.22734.87

233.86162.11211.07148.30231.00

396.00394.55333.13321.18272.21248.36477.80298.85

553.30

254.34281.01247.82198.65265.18296.32

553.11

$243.36219.38196.40

339.43561.81

367.58211.19417.65540.16

264.04636.75758.34676.00511.22542.93289.08230.83392.73

339.74340.77303.12232.56399.76412.55398.62.210.21164.83

423.37

408.03804.84

229.36161.62208.00144.80231.00

390.87391.23326.93316.18265.01239.78473.33297.30

539.24

248.75271.44243.09197.39259.75292.56

540.89

113




Industry1987SIC

Code


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Services—ContinuedEngineering and management services

Engineering and architectural services ...Engineering servicesArchitectural servicesSurveying services

Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping ..Research and testing services

Commercial physical researchCommercial nonphysical researchNoncommercial research organizations


Services, nee


878718711871287138728738731873287338748743

89

37.439.039.338.337.338.436.339.029.435.835.433.5

36.5

37.338.739.037.837.238.836.439.329.335.935.232.9

36.9

37.438.939.138.837.637.636.639.130.336.435.932.1

36.9

37.338.738.938.636.938.236.539.030.436.235.531.9

35.5

114





Industry1987SIC

Code


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Services—ContinuedEngineering and management services

Engineering and architectural services ...Engineering servicesArchitectural servicesSurveying services

Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping ..Research and testing services

Commercial physical researchCommercial nonphysical researchNoncommercial research organizations


Services, nee

878718711871287138728738731873287338748743

89

$14.9416.3016.8715.0511.4512.8916.0818.1212.5717.6813.8214.18

15.91

$14.8716.2916.8814.9511.4312.8815.9517.9012.5017.5913.6913.91

15.84

$15.4316.5517.2015.1311.7413.3516.5818.6612.8618.2414.5113.72

16.08

$15.2916.4617.1015.0111.7513.0316.6318.8312.5018.3914.4113.51

16.24

$558.76635.70662.99576.42427.09494.98583.70706.68369.56632.94489.23475.03

580.72

$554.65630.42658.32565.11425.20499.74580.58703.47366.25631.48481.89457.64

584.50

$577.08643.80672.52587.04441.42501.96606.83729.61389.66663.94520.91440.41

593.35

$570.32637.00665.19579.39433.58497.75607.00734.37380.00665.72511.56430.97

576.52


2 See table B-15a for average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) andguided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761) manufacturing.

3 Data relate to line-haul railroads with operating revenues of$50,000,000 or more.

4 Money payments only; tips, not included.5 Excludes nonoffice commissioned real estate sales agents.- Data not available.p = preliminary.NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from

March 1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data areintroduced, all unadjusted data from April 1992 forward are subject torevision.

115


A Note on Average Hourly Earningsin Aircraft (SIC 3721) and Guided Missilesand Space Vehicles (SIC 3761) Manufacturing

For many years, the Bureau of Labor Statistics averagehourly earning series for production workers in aircraftmanufacturing (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and spacevehicles manufacturing (SIC 3761) have been used toescalate labor costs in contracts between aerospacecompanies and their customers. Although the Bureau'sseries by definition take account of traditional wage ratechanges, they do not capture "lump-sum payments toworkers in lieu of general wage increases" which werenegotiated in aerospace manufacturers' collective bargain-ing agreements beginning in late 1983.

Because of special circumstances in the aerospace

industry, BLS has calculated average hourly earningsseries for SIC 3721 and SIC 3761 which include lump-sumpayments. These series, beginning in October 1983, theeffective date of the first aerospace bargaining agreementusing lump-sum payments, were published in the June1988 issue of Employment and Earnings. Current and yearearlier data are presented in table C-2a along with theaverage hourly earnings series produced as part of theCurrent Employment Statistics program. An explanationof the methodology used to derive these series appears inthe Explanatory Notes of this publication.

B-15a. Average hourly earnings in aircraft (SIC 3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)manufacturing

Series

Average hourly earnings,excluding lump-sum payments

Average hourly earnings,including lump-sum payments

Aircraft (SIC 3721)

Jan.1993

$18.10

18.87

Feb.1993

$18.18

18.92

Jan.1994

$18.95

18.98

Feb.1994P

$19.21

19.29

Guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)

Jan.1993

$17.15

17.17

Feb.1993

$17.35

17.37

Jan.1994

$18.13

18.26

Feb.1994P

$18.11

18.26

= preliminary.

116


ESTABLISHMENT DATAEARNINGS


B-16. Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime,1 of production workers on manufacturing payrolls

IndustryFeb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Manufacturing



$11.11

11.669.098.83

11.1013.0211.0511.9910.6414.8311.729.04

10.409.80

16.218.396.88

12.4711.4114.0317.3210.037.28

$11.14

11.679.098.82

11.1113.0311.0611.9710.6614.8911.768.99

10.449.85

16.858.406.90

12.5211.4313.9917.4910.017.32

$11.39

11.939.299.07

11.3313.2611.2612.2010.8815.3612.029.23

10.6710.0516.488.587.06

12.8111.6114.2517.6710.207.65

$11.44

11.999.289.13

11.3513.3311.2912.2310.9415.4012.049.23

10.7010.0317.558.617.07

12.8611.6214.2618.1210.217.68

$11.40

11.95

$10.67

1 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rateof time and one-half.

2 Not available.p = preliminary.

NOTE: Establishment survey estimates are currently projectedfrom March 1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmarkdata are introduced, all unadjusted data from April 1992 forward aresubject to revision.

117


ESTABLISHMENT DATAEARNINGSNOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-17. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on privatenonfarm payrolls by major industry, in current and constant (1982) dollars

Industry


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P


Feb.1993

Mar.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Mar.1994P

Total private:Current dollarsConstant (1982) dollars

Mining:Current dollarsConstant (1982) dollars

$10.777.42

14.6010.06

Construction: |Current dollars i 14.11Constant (1982) dollars j 9.72

Manufacturing: jCurrent dollars I 11.62Constant (1982) dollars 8.00

Transportation and public utilities:Current dollarsConstant (1982) dollars

Wholesale trade:Current dollarsConstant (1982) dollars

Retail trade:Current dollarsConstant (1982) dollars

Finance, insurance, and real estate:Current dollarsConstant (1982) dollars

Services:Current dollarsConstant (1982) dollars

13.609.37

11.618.00

7.265.00

11.197.71

10.837.46

$10.797.41

14.7110.10

14.279.80

11.647.99

13.639.36

11.597.96

7.285.00

11.177.67

10.817.42

$11.067.46

15.0510.16

14.389.70

11.978.08

$11.067.44

$11.05

14.84 $14.859.99 (2)

14.439.71

$14.42

12.02 $12.018.09 (2)

13.84 13.879.34 9.33

11.948.06

7.455.03

11.747.92

11.097.48

11.928.02

7.455.01

11.717.88

11.087.46

$13.88

$11.86

$7.44

$11.67

$11.06

$367.26252.93

635.10437.40

517.84356.64

477.58328.91

531.76366.23

440.02303.04

204.73141.00

399.48275.12

349.81240.92

$366.86251.96

631.06433.42

533.70366.55

476.08326.98

534.30366.96

438.10300.89

202.38139.00

396.54272.35

349.16239.81

$379.36255.98

663.71447.85

532.06359.01

496.76335.20

548.06369.81

456.11307.77

210.09141.76

426.16287.56

361.53243.95

$376.04253.06

647.02435.41

519.48349.58

491.62330.83

549.25369.62

451.77304.02

209.35140.88

419.22282.11

357.88240.83

$380.12

$654.89

$550.84

$503.22

$551.04

$451.87

$212.04

$416.62

$358.34


2 Not available.p = preliminary.

NOTE: The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners andClerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate the earnings series.Establishment survey estimates are currently projected from March1992 benchmark levels. When more recent benchmark data areintroduced, all unadjusted data from April 1992 forward are subject torevision.

118


ESTABLISHMENT DATASTATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS


B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selectedareas

State and area


Feb.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994?


Feb.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P


Feb.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

AlabamaBirminghamMobile

Alaska

Arizona



ColoradoDenver



District of Columbia:

Washington PMSA

Florida

GeorgiaAtlantaSavannah

Hawaii

Honolulu

Idaho


IndianaBloomingtonElkhart-GoshenEvansville-HendersonFort Wayne


40.841.642.8

53.1

40.2

40.941.940.441.342.2

40.439.139.741.339.739.640.439.839.338.539.940.040.941.538.940.939.441.0

40.740.9

41.542.440.739.943.743.3

40.241.1

39.5

41.4

41.440.944.6

38.438.7

38.9

41.441.040.340.940.642.640.642.441.738.4

42.239.239.144.440.6

41.242.741.4

34.6

41.6

41.239.640.341.241.4

40.941.241.941.039.641.041.041.440.238.840.139.141.139.438.941.939.740.9

41.542.2

42.843.043.841.241.743.1

43.144.0

38.8

41.5

41.941.244.9

38.837.0

40.4

41.440.140.241.741.743.741.541.841.140.1

42.841.439.742.542.7

40.741.540.9

62.2

41.4

37.839.338.136.238.7

41.040.740.541.939.640.740.740.739.639.639.839.541.539.239.541.441.341.2

41.341.3

39.837.241.037.741.540.9

41.843.6

38.1

41.1

41.841.645.5

39.037.8

39.2

41.540.040.441.841.942.942.341.741.540.0

43.046.040.342.043.4

$10.2010.8512.53

9.29

10.96

9.209.179.54

10.0410.69

12.2212.7410.2211.3811.9414.2212.0611.1912.8312.5412.3713.3114.8612.8913.2012.1014.3011.59

11.7512.78

12.7913.2114.1112.4413.1711.48

12.7815.14

13.21

9.70

9.9611.0013.28

11.8712.33

11.79

12.0015.3910.5712.1213.9514.9412.2914.8413.0511.48

12.9811.8610.5813.1512.92

$10.7111.3613.13

11.46

11.14

9.569.579.83

10.4310.43

12.4912.5310.5411.7312.0914.7912.4111.4013.0812.8212.4013.7115.0413.3013.7012.4114.3911.81

12.2412.81

13.3813.6913.9313.1113.1411.91

13.7716.05

13.18

9.88

10.2111.2513.27

12.1512.60

11.92

12.1415.5610.6212.1313.9215.3013.0915.2113.1611.74

13.3911.9511.1613.4613.96

$10.7811.3912.93

9.19

11.13

9.689.549.86

10.5310.51

12.4212.3910.5511.6312.1014.8512.4011.2313.2512.7012.3013.5714.9413.0313.6312.3714.4111.80

12.0912.47

13.4813.5214.1513.0212.9312.14

15.4115.92

13.40

9.96

10.2111.3113.09

12.0812.51

12.01

12.1515.5210.5412.1414.0015.2413.0515.3013.0311.75

13.2312.9010.8813.2413.59

$416.16451.36536.28

493.30

440.59

376.28384.22385.42414.65451.12

493.69498.13405.73469.99474.02563.11487.22445.36504.22482.79493.56532.40607.77534.94513.48494.89563.42475.19

478.23522.70

530.79560.10574.28496.36575.53497.08

513.76622.25

521.80

401.58

412.34449.90592.29

455.81477.17

458.63

496.80630.99425.97495.71566.37636.44498.97629.22544.19440.83

547.76464.91413.68583.86524.55

$441.25485.07543.58

396.52

463.42

393.87378.97396.15429.72431.80

510.84516.24441.63480.93478.76606.39508.81471.96525.82497.42497.24536.06618.14524.02532.93519.98571.28483.03

507.96540.58

572.66588.67610.13540.13547.94513.32

593.49706.20

511.38

410.02

427.80463.50595.82

471.42466.20

481.57

502.60623.96426.92505.82580.46668.61543.24635.78540.88470.77

573.09494.73443.05572.05596.09

$438.75472.69528.84

571.62

460.78

365.90374.92375.67381.19406.74

509.22504.27427.28487.30479.16604.40504.68457.06524.70502.92489.54536.02620.01510.78538.39512.12595.13486.16

499.32515.01

536.50502.94580.15490.85536.60496.53

644.14694.11

510.54

409.36

426.78470.50595.60

471.12472.88

470.79

504.23620.80425.82507.45586.60653.80552.02638.01540.75470.00

568.89593.40438.46556.08589.81

119


ESTABLISHMENT DATASTATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGSNOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

B-18. Average hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls in States and selectedareas—Continued

State and area


Feb.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.19940


Feb.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994?


Feb.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Indiana-ContinuedGaryIndianapolisKokomoLafayetteMuncieSouth BendTerre Haute

IowaCedar RapidsDes MoinesDubuqueSioux City

KansasTopekaWichita

KentuckyLexingtonLouisville

LouisianaBaton RougeNew OrleansShreveport-Bossier City


MarylandBaltimore PMSA

MassachusettsBostonSpringfieldWorcester

MichiganAnn ArborDetroitFlintGrand Rapids-Muskegon-HollandJacksonKalamazoo-Battle CreekLansing-East LansingSaginaw-Bay City-Midland

MinnesotaDuluth-SuperiorMinneapolis-St. PaulSt. Cloud

MississippiJackson


Montana


NevadaLas Vegas


43.741.744.039.242.941.443.0

40.941.141.740.239.5

41.242.441.5

40.141.240.5

42.644.242.342.1

40.138.438.1

40.640.9

41.240.542.541.2

42.043.144.240.641.442.543.338.542.8

41.140.940.840.0

40.338.7

40.941.342.338.3

38.6

41.041.241.3

40.640.5

42.943.147.741.444.742.443.2

41.841.841.040.241.6

41.343.641.1

40.442.341.0

42.143.243.440.5

41.041.638.2

40.941.4

41.440.942.040.9

44.245.845.945.343.042.843.341.843.5

41.440.541.641.3

41.640.9

41.242.242.139.3

39.9

42.342.442.2

40.740.7

40.443.846.941.044.741.644.1

41.641.842.440.539.8

41.342.640.2

39.840.842.5

41.343.643.038.8

40.940.739.3

39.339.7

40.740.242.040.4

44.345.546.245.342.643.443.841.543.4

41.438.741.541.0

39.239.4

46.642.642.939.2

39.5

41.543.142.5

40.939.3

$17.2514.6017.7113.0614.3711.7613.08

12.0714.4512.7212.539.76

11.9913.8513.88

11.3511.9813.00

12.4814.5612.7913.27

11.549.83

10.47

12.7213.37

12.2912.8112.5611.21

15.0015.4716.1619.0612.7611.0114.4815.1717.31

12.1311.5712.8610.81

9.079.72

11.3513.2413.589.90

12.19

10.2311.4410.51

11.6412.82

$17.5914.6218.4713.8814.7412.2613.07

12.4415.1813.0512.5410.24

11.9714.5413.94

11.6412.4813.32

12.8315.2813.1014.10

11.779.87

11.06

12.9613.57

12.4712.9112.5711.58

15.9216.7217.1521.2413.0911.4215.0617.6118.21

12.5111.5913.2011.39

9.3410.27

11.6913.7113.7410.01

12.32

10.7412.3711.43

11.8613.28

$16.4214.6418.4213.6314.3512.0913.43

12.5414.8313.2812.6610.32

12.0013.6413.74

11.9612.6513.84

12.9215.4613.2413.84

11.769.88

10.57

13.0813.68

12.5112.9012.6211.66

15.97

17.1621.3513.1911.3815.1317.6618.44

12.5311.4513.2311.44

9.3910.37

11.6813.6513.809.93

12.42

10.60MAI11.25

11.8213.18

$753.83608.82779.24511.95616.47486.86562.44

493.66593.90530.42503.71385.52

493.99587.24576.02

455.14493.58526.50

531.65643.55541.02558.67

462.75377.47398.91

516.43546.83

506.35518.81533.80461.85

630.00666.76714.27773.84528.26467.92626.98584.04740.87

498.54473.21524.69432.40

365.52376.16

464.22546.81574.43379.17

470.53

419.43471.33434.06

472.58519.21

$754.61630.12881.02574.63658.88519.82564.62

519.99634.52535.05504.11425.98

494.36633.94572.93

470.26527.90546.12

540.14660.10568.54571.05

482.57410.59422.49

530.06561.80

516.26528.02527.94473.62

703.66765.78787.18962.17562.87488.78652.10736.10792.13

517.91469.40549.12470.41

388.54420.04

481.63578.56578.45393.39

491.57

454.30524.49482.35

482.70540.50

$663.37641.23863.90558.83641.45502.94592.26

521.66619.89563.07512.73410.74

495.60581.06552.35

476.01516.12588.20

533.60674.06569.32536.99

480.98402.12415.40

514.04543.10

509.16518.58530.04471.06

707.47759.39792.79967.15561.89493.89662.69732.89800.30

518.74443.12549.05469.04

368.09408.58

544.29581.49592.02389.26

490.59

439.90537.46478.13

483.44517.97

120


ESTABLISHMENT DATASTATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS



State and area


Feb.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P


Feb.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P


Feb.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994?


New Jersey

New MexicoAlbuquerque

New YorkAlbany-Schenectady-TroyBinghamtonBuffalo-Niagra FallsDutchess CountyElmiraNassau-SuffolkNew York PMSANew York CityNewburghRochesterRockland CountySyracuseUtica-RomeWestchester County


North DakotaFargo-Moorhead


OklahomaOklahoma CityTulsa


PennsylvaniaAllentown-Bethlehem-EastonAltoonaErieHarrisburg-Lebanon-CarlisleJohnstownLancasterPhiladelphia PMSAPittsburghReadingScranton—Wilkes-Barre—HazeltonSharonState CollegeWilliamsportYork


41.841.541.142.4

41.0

40.340.7

40.340.840.743.640.643.039.837.937.539.541.642.841.741.139.9

40.740.940.739.741.4

40.739.7

42.642.341.541.943.341.642.943.643.8

41.242.740.9

39.740.040.940.037.9

40.738.740.343.640.039.140.940.641.840.338.842.939.839.741.6

42.842.142.942.9

41.2

39.340.7

40.840.441.243.040.542.640.138.237.641.542.445.542.842.840.8

40.540.940.739.641.2

41.041.1

43.644.341.642.743.341.745.144.545.3

42.842.941.0

40.241.943.339.938.4

40.839.041.043.538.138.940.140.741.740.939.342.940.340.842.1

42.242.641.042.7

38.3

39.940.6

40.541.340.844.039.542.138.737.437.041.242.444.343.142.039.7

38.140.139.137.338.5

41.140.9

43.843.941.542.643.741.745.146.144.6

43.043.340.9

39.840.441.340.538.4

40.136.741.244.038.939.638.138.442.339.839.244.440.340.539.8

$11.6311.2713.9611.07

12.80

9.6910.25

11.8513.209.90

14.4610.8411.0711.4510.5910.2310.3013.8614.1613.2710.9512.09

9.729.82

10.3610.2910.20

9.819.06

13.8612.5112.0912.8513.7212.9515.1415.0815.92

11.3312.1212.24

12.1412.2311.4612.4210.35

11.9611.2810.0512.5911.529.05

11.7113.2912.9712.2410.3912.2410.4810.1712.25

$11.7411.6814.3611.27

13.24

10.2410.55

12.0613.8810.0215.1810.4411.1911.3611.0210.7410.7513.8513.8213.0910.8912.18

10.0110.0210.6210.5710.74

10.069.63

14.3512.8712.8713.0814.0513.2715.7115.5916.54

11.3612.3611.86

12.1712.3011.6212.3610.63

12.3411.7710.5712.8711.549.26

12.2013.6113.4112.9910.7512.5410.7210.6312.46

$11.6011.6214.1611.20

13.33

10.0210.40

12.0913.7410.0115.1010.4811.2311.3810.9810.7010.3013.9113.7513.1010.8212.29

10.0810.0110.6010.6610.78

10.089.57

14.4212.8012.7813.1714.0513.2315.7416.0916.69

11.3012.3311.73

12.1312.3111.6312.2010.50

12.4112.0210.5412.9611.659.21

12.2413.7013.4013.0510.7112.6110.8010.6012.51

$486.13467.71573.76469.37

524.80

390.51417.18

477.56538.56402.93630.46440.10476.01455.71401.36383.63406.85576.58606.05553.36450.05482.39

395.60401.64421.65408.51422.28

399.27359.68

590.44529.17501.74538.42594.08538.72649.51657.49697.30

466.80517.52500.62

481.96489.20468.71496.80392.27

486.77436.54405.02548.92460.80353.86478.94539.57542.15493.27403.13525.10417.10403.75509.60

$502.47491.73616.04483.48

545.49

402.43429.39

492.05560.75412.82652.74422.82476.69455.54420.96403.82446.13587.24628.81560.25466.09496.94

405.41409.82432.23418.57442.49

412.46395.79

625.66570.14535.39558.52608.37553.36708.52693.76749.26

486.21530.24486.26

489.23515.37503.15493.16408.19

503.47459.03433.37559.85439.67360.21489.22553.93559.20531.29422.48537.97432.02433.70524.57

$489.52495.01580.56478.24

510.54

399.80422.24

489.65567.46408.41664.40413.96472.78440.41410.65395.90424.36589.78609.13564.61454.44487.91

384.05401.40414.46397.62415.03

414.29391.41

631.60561.92530.37561.04613.99551.69709.87741.75744.37

485.90533.89479.76

482.77497.32480.32494.10403.20

497.64441.13434.25570.24453.19364.72466.34526.08566.82519.39419.83559.88435.24429.30497.90

121


ESTABLISHMENT DATASTATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGSNOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED


State and area


Feb.1993

Jan. Feb.1994P


Feb.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P


Feb.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Rhode Island

Providence-Fall River-Warwick

South Carolina



TexasDallasFt. Worth-ArlingtonHoustonSan Antonio

UtahSalt Lake City-Ogden

VermontBurlington

VirginiaBristolCharlottesvilleDanvilleLynchburgNorthern VirginiaRichmond-PetersburgRoanoke

Washington



Wyoming

Puerto Rico

Virgin Islands

39.740.0

41.6

40.840.439.4

40.742.138.239.840.740.3

42.542.442.044.742.0

39.040.4

41.341.5

40.539.539.641.842.340.242.141.9

40.2

40.543.039.940.940.1

41.943.241.141.144.141.140.241.141.941.540.141.4

38.9

39.9

42.2

40.540.3

41.6

41.041.741.0

40.842.239.439.840.840.7

43.142.542.543.941.4

40.441.0

41.441.8

40.841.638.442.542.240.542.442.1

40.5

40.947.942.947.140.3

42.044.343.042.044.139.740.940.642.040.542.042.4

38.7

V)42.2

36.836.5

41.3

41.141.440.4

40.042.339.440.039.939.3

42.140.941.643.741.2

39.840.3

41.542.8

39.040.635.640.638.838.740.139.9

40.5

40.745.242.041.440.5

42.244.745.342.344.338.941.740.742.340.542.341.9

39.2

0)

41.7

$10.0010.04

9.71

8.928.91

10.239.64

10.6910.3410.6211.24

11.0010.7112.3813.428.45

11.0311.31

11.9012.87

10.779.419.65

10.6710.6312.0513.5112.39

14.03

12.1515.1113.7214.5513.78

12.0812.9412.1012.5815.5712.2110.0810.9313.0712.1512.0811.49

11.23

6.87

14.51

$10.2410.29

9.91

8.988.789.90

10.359.94

10.3710.1710.6311.22

11.0610.9812.6213.518.70

11.2011.25

11.6411.22

11.109.959.70

10.7711.0312.1213.9712.61

14.57

12.5814.7114.6616.3514.20

12.3613.3112.4412.9616.5312.9310.2311.6413.3612.4112.1911.59

11.62

O

15.28

$10.2510.33

9.91

9.229.989.80

10.459.96

10.2910.2510.7911.30

11.1311.0112.8113.588.72

11.0611.10

11.6111.34

11.1110.059.79

10.9310.9012.0114.1412.57

14.46

12.6614.0314.5715.1713.75

12.3513.3612.9613.0116.4812.6110.2911.7013.3312.3112.1811.75

11.72

V)14.95

$397.00401.60

403.94

361.49360.37351.05

416.36405.84408.36411.53432.23452.97

467.50454.10519.96599.87354.90

430.17456.92

491.47534.11

436.19371.70382.14446.01449.65484.41568.77519.14

564.01

492.08649.73547.43595.10552.58

506.15559.01497.31517.04686.64501.83405.22449.22547.63504.23484.41475.69

436.85

274.11

612.32

$414.72

412.26

368.18366.13405.90

422.28419.47408.58404.77433.70456.65

476.69466.65536.35593.09360.18

452.48461.25

481.90469.00

452.88413.92372.48457.73465.47490.86592.33530.88

590.09

514.52704.61628.91770.09572.26

519.12589.63534.92544.32728.97513.32418.41472.58561.12502.61511.98491.42

449.69

644.82

$377.20377.05

409.28

378.94413.17395.92

418.00421.31405.43410.00430.52444.09

468.57450.31532.90593.45359.26

440.19447.33

481.82485.35

433.29408.03348.52443.76422.92464.79567.01501.54

585.63

515.26634.16611.94628.04556.88

521.17597.19587.09550.32730.06490.53429.09476.19563.86498.56515.21492.33

459.42

0

623.42

1 Not available.p = preliminary.NOTE: Area definitions are published annually in the May issue of this

publication. All State and area data have been adjusted to March 1993benchmarks.

122


HOUSEHOLD DATAREGIONS AND DIVISIONSSEASONALLY ADJUSTED

C-1. Employment status of the civilian population for census regions and divisions, seasonally adjusted1


Census region anddivision

1993

Mar. Apr. May. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1994

Jan. Feb. Mar.

NORTHEAST

Civilian noninstitutional population2 .Civilian labor force

EmployedUnemployedUnemployment rate

New England



Middle Atlantic



SOUTH

Civilian noninstitutional population2 ,Civilian labor force


South Atlantic



East South Central



West South Central


Civilian labor forceEmployedUnemployedUnemployment rate


39,56725,61223,722

1,8907.4

10,2157,0396,539

5007.1

29,32018,57317,1831,390

7.5

66,37244,00141,022

2,9796.8

34,82622,95221,441

1,5116.6

11,9027,5066,973

5337.1

20,59113,54212,608

9346.9

39,57025,53923,638

1,9017.4

10,2146,9976,507

4907.0

29,32618,54217,132

1,4107.6

66,44743,89140,926

2,9656.8

34,86522,92321,430

1,4936.5

11,9137,4286,897

5317.1

20,61513,54012,599

9417.0

39,57225,60423,750

1,8547.2

10,2157,0056,525

4806.8

29,32918,60017,225

1,3757.4

66,52044,17241,308

2,8646.5

34,90522,97921,549

1,4306.2

11,9237,5417,021

5206.9

20,64013,65212,738

9156.7

39,57725,56623,756

1,8107.1

10,2147,0556,597

4586.5

29,33518,51117,159

1,3527.3

66,59844,11941,215

2,9046.6

34,94722,96421,495

1,4706.4

11,9377,5237,032

4906.5

20,66613,63212,689

9446.9

39,58225,56723,766

1,8017.0

10,2147,0526,606

4466.3

29,34118,51517,160

1,3557.3

66,67744,12041,229

2,8916.6

34,98722,90421,445

1,4596.4

11,9497,5187,038

4806.4

20,69413,69812,747

9526.9

39,58425,62223,786

1,8367.2

10,2177,0656,610

4556.4

29,34518,55717,1761,381

7.4

66,75044,28841,417

2,8716.5

35,03322,96021,505

1,4556.3

11,9627,5167,047

4706.2

20,72013,81312,866

9476.9

39,58925,52523,726

1,8007.1

10,2187,0656,608

4576.5

29,35118,46017,118

1,3427.3

66,83244,22441,540

2,6846.1

35,08222,93621,619

1,3175.7

11,9767,5097,041

4686.2

20,75013,77912,880

8996.5

39,59625,56223,754

1,8077.1

10,2187,0556,599

4576.5

29,35818,50617,155

1,3517.3

66,91144,40041,547

2,8536.4

35,12823,03221,608

1,4256.2

11,9907,4757,024

4516.0

20,77913,89212,915

9777.0

39,59925,52723,772

1,7556.9

10,2196,9796,547

4326.2

29,36318,54817,2251,323

7.1

66,98944,57741,790

2,7876.3

35,17123,08121,740

1,3415.8

12,0027,4957,055

4405.9

20,80614,00112,995

1,0067.2

39,60125,46923,734

1,7356.8

10,2216,9636,541

4236.1

29,36618,50617,193

1,3137.1

67,05744,56741,907

2,6606.0

35,21223,13221,783

1,3505.8

12,0157,5227,111

4115.5

20,83213,91213,013

8996.5

39,69625,46423,765

1,7006.7

10,2216,9776,518

4596.6

29,47518,48817,247

1,2416.7

68,13644,90742,0672,840

6.3

35,25123,22521,750

1,4756.3

12,0277,6567,178

4786.2

20,85814,02713,139

8886.3

39,69725,37923,677

1,7026.7

10,2197,0316,588

4446.3

29,47818,34717,089

1,2586.9

68,20644,88242,040

2,8426.3

35,28823,28121,902

1,3795.9

12,0387,5997,109

4906.4

20,88114,00213,029

9736.9

39,69525,62223,794

1,8287.1

10,2167,0006,592

4075.8

29,47918,62317,2021,421

7.6

68,27344,68841,8542,834

6.3

35,32223,19721,777

1,4206.1

12,0477,5977,190

4075.4

20,90313,89412,887

1,0077.2

124


HOUSEHOLD DATAREGIONS AND DIVISIONSSEASONALLY ADJUSTED

C-1. Employment status of the civilian population for census regions and divisions, seasonally adjusted1—Continued


Census region anddivision

1993

Mar. Apr. May. June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1994

Jan. Feb. Mar.

MIDWEST



East North Central



West North Central



WEST



Mountain



Pacific



46,06431,04829,160

1,8886.1

32,38521,65320,248

1,4056.5

13,3829,3948,912

4825.1

40,95527,70725,4522,255

8.1

10,8317,2846,829

4556.2

30,72020,42318,623

1,8008.8

46,09531,08029,154

1,9256.2

32,39921,70720,253

1,4546.7

13,3889,3738,902

4715.0

41,01427,66125,469

2,1917.9

10,8577,2616,810

4516.2

30,74320,40018,6591,740

8.5

46,12331,27329,313

1,9606.3

32,41521,80420,315

1,4896.8

13,3959,4698,999

4705.0

41,06727,71625,5372,180

7.9

10,8827,3536,914

4396.0

30,76820,36318,6221,741

8.5

46,15531,40529,449

1,9566.2

32,43421,87620,422

1,4556.7

13,4039,5299,027

5025.3

41,12627,67925,484

2,1957.9

10,9087,3846,947

4375.9

30,79320,29518,538

1,7588.7

46,19131,49129,631

1,8605.9

32,45121,94520,552

1,3936.3

13,4129,5469,079

4674.9

41,18427,86125,540

2,3218.3

10,9367,3856,979

4055.5

30,82020,47618,560

1,9169.4

46,21931,51829,749

1,7695.6

32,47221,95720,621

1,3366.1

13,4229,5619,128

4334.5

41,24027,71925,527

2,1937.9

10,9627,4166,988

4285.8

30,84920,30418,539

1,7658.7

46,25331,38429,524

1,8605.9

32,49521,77020,355

1,4166.5

13,4339,6149,170

4444.6

41,29727,80125,5822,219

8.0

10,9917,3866,956

4295.8

30,88020,41518,626

1,7908.8

46,28731,50029,632

1,8685.9

32,51621,85720,464

1,3936.4

13,4429,6439,168

4754.9

41,35727,91425,723

2,1917.8

11,0197,4327,009

4245.7

30,90920,48218,7141,767

8.6

46,31731,61429,792

1,8225.8

32,53521,98820,621

1,3676.2

13,4529,6269,171

4554.7

41,41527,93625,848

2,0887.5

11,0457,4727,055

4175.6

30,93720,46418,7931,671

8.2

46,34631,69629,880

1,8155.7

32,55322,11820,770

1,3496.1

13,4599,5779,111

4664.9

41,46928,03725,9972,041

7.3

11,0717,4877,107

3805.1

30,96320,55018,889

1,6618.1

46,03831,71029,819

1,8916.0

32,57022,12920,711

1,4186.4

13,4689,5819,108

4734.9

42,08328,58926,302

2,2878.0

11,0967,6227,232

3905.1

30,98720,96719,070

1,8979.0

46,05431,93130,188

1,7435.5

32,58222,33020,995

1,3356.0

13,4739,6019,193

4084.3

42,13328,60026,4332,167

7.6

11,1237,7947,394

4005.1

31,01020,80619,0381,767

8.5

46,06931,76829,929

1,8385.8

32,59122,23620,886

1,3506.1

13,4789,5329,044

4885.1

42,17528,51526,4562,059

7.2

11,1467,8027,408

3955.1

31,02920,71319,0491,664

8.0

1 These estimates may differ from the results obtained from summing theofficial State estimates produced and published through the Local AreaUnemployment Statistics (LAUS) program.

2 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.NOTE: The States (including the District of Columbia) that compose the

various census divisions are: New England: Connecticut, Maine,Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic:New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District ofColumbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia,and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and

Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas;East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; WestNorth Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota,and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada,New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii,Oregon, and Washington. Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with datafor 1993 and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in theCurrent Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issueof Employment and Earnings.

125


STATE LABOR FORCE DATASEASONALLY ADJUSTED

C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted


State1993


1994

Jan. Feb.P

Alabama

Civilian labor forceEmployedUnemployedUnemployment rate ....

Alai


Arizona


Arkansas


California1


Colorado


Connecticut


Delav


District of Columbia


Florida1



1,976.61,835.2

141.47.2

296.4272.8

23.68.0

1,819.61,700.4

119.16.5

1,158.31,084.7

73.56.3

15,333.113,868.1

1,465.09.6

1,870.71,765.4

105.25.6

1,796.31,683.4

112.96.3

371.0352.7

18.34.9

304.5277.926.68.7

6,633.46,173.6

459.86.9

1,976.61,834.9

141.77.2

297.0273.6

23.47.9

1,822.81,705.4

117.46.4

1,158.81,085.8

73.16.3

15,301.513,862.4

1,439.19.4

1,874.91,775.0

99.95.3

1,791.91,679.9

112.06.2

370.9352.1

18.85.1

305.1278.6

26.58.7

6,592.66,127.5

465.17.1

1,987.21,840.1

147.17.4

298.3275.0

23.37.8

1,829.91,710.9

119.06.5

1,160.81,087.8

73.06.3

15,311.713,949.5

1,362.28.9

1,884.41,784.4

100.05.3

1,794.31,678.7

115.66.4

371.8353.4

18.55.0

304.5278.7

25.88.5

6,611.66,159.4

452.26.8

1,986.01,838.3

147.77.4

299.0275.2

23.88.0

1,829.41,716.5

112.86.2

1,161.41,088.8

72.66.3

15,299.113,936.2

1,362.98.9

1,889.01,790.2

98.85.2

1,792.11,679.4

112.76.3

372.4353.7

18.75.0

304.3279.0

25.38.3

6,665.66,194.6

471.07.1

1,993.01,840.9

152.17.6

299.1276.123.0

7.7

1,831.51,721.9

109.66.0

1,162.31,090.7

71.66.2

15,184.413,793.8

1,390.69.2

1,898.81,801.2

97.65.1

1,790.21,678.1

112.16.3

374.2354.7

19.55.2

303.8277.9

25.98.5

6,697.46,227.7

469.77.0

1,998.01,840.2

157.87.9

298.5276.1

22.47.5

1,835.81,727.6

108.25.9

1,163.71,092.8

70.96.1

15,296.913,829.41,467.5

9.6

1,909.91,813.9

96.15.0

1,788.41,678.6

109.86.1

375.1354.7

20.45.4

306.1279.9

26.2

6,616.36,155.3

461.07.0

1,993.41,840.3

153.17.7

298.6276.8

21.87.3

1,841.51,732.5

109.05.9

1,164.91,093.7

71.26.1

15,153.913,771.4

1,382.59.1

1,913.41,817.2

96.25.0

1,787.31,676.9

110.46.2

375.3354.5

20.85.5

305.9279.626.48.6

6,533.66,073.1

460.57.0

1,993.01,840.7

152.47.6

300.5278.1

22.47.5

1,848.21,738.0

110.26.0

1,165.71,094.6

71.16.1

15,218.713,808.6

1,410.19.3

1,913.81,817.9

96.05.0

1,784.41,674.6

109.86.2

376.6355.221.4

5.7

309.2283.625.6

8.3

6,599.36,163.5

435.86.6

1,997.21,845.0

152.27.6

300.7278.1

22.57.5

1,851.51,739.5

112.06.1

1,166.81,095.9

70.96.1

15,314.813,836.5

1,478.39.7

1,929.11,832.1

97.05.0

1,785.61,676.5

109.16.1

376.6355.2

21.45.7

308.8283.0

25.78.3

6,574.76,120.0

454.76.9

1,999.21,847.1

152.17.6

302.3279.6

22.77.5

1,852.71,740.9

111.86.0

1,168.01,097.5

70.56.0

15,209.013,860.6

1,348.48.9

1,943.71,846.7

97.05.0

1,782.41,675.6

106.86.0

376.9354.922.0

5.8

308.5282.9

25.78.3

6,689.16,244.6

444.56.6

1,995.11,847.4

147.77.4

302.0279.322.7

7.5

1,858.41,746.2

112.26.0

1,166.51,097.6

5.9

15,215.813,884.0

1,331.88.8

1,954.31,858.1

96.24.9

1,779.21,674.4

104.85.9

377.8355.122.76.0

309.8284.3

25.48.2

6,741.56,277.3

464.2

2,010.11,846.9

163.28.1

308.0281.5

26.58.6

1,929.41,833.9

95.55.0

1,200.31,133.2

67.25.6

15,625.614,040.7

1,584.910.1

1,968.01,855.2

112.85.7

1,796.61,716.2

80.44.5

371.3351.7

19.55.3

315.7281.4

34.310.9

6,798.46,286.1

512.37.5

1,849.1137.7

6.9

311.3285.7

25.68.2

1,963.91,861.4

102.45.2

1,198.51,136.7

61.95.2

15,596.914,189.61,407.2

9.0

1,968.81,858.7

110.15.6

1,819.71,730.0

89.74.9

379.5360.5

19.05.0

298.2270.5

27.79.3

6,692.16,308.7

383.45.7

126



C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted—Continued


State1993


1994

Jan. Feb.p

Georgia

Civilian labor forceEmployedUnemployedUnemployment rate ...

Haw


Idaho


Illinois1


Indiana


Iowa


Kansas


Kentucky


Louisiana


Maine



3,404.53,204.7

199.85.9

582.5555.027.44.7

538.9504.034.96.5

5,935.65,469.1

466.5

2,882.82,718.0

164.85.7

1,532.01,470.2

61.94.0

1,315.71,253.8

61.94.7

1,796.01,687.5

108.56.0

1,895.81,755.4

140.47.4

636.9589.447.57.5

3,415.33,216.7

198.55.8

582.5555.926.64.6

540.8504.036.86.8

5,957.15,470.7

486.48.2

2,905.82,743.0

162.95.6

1,537.91,473.8

64.04.2

1,317.31,252.7

64.64.9

1,797.81,684.8

113.06.3

1,889.61,747.4

142.17.5

635.2587.447.8

7.5

3,436.23,240.2

196.05.7

583.4557.7

25.74.4

541.3506.1

35.26.5

5,936.85,463.7

473.18.0

2,906.82,743.8

163.05.6

1,539.51,475.7

63.84.1

1,317.71,251.8

65.85.0

1,797.01,683.4

113.66.3

1,883.11,741.8

141.37.5

633.9584.948.9

7.7

3,446.13,248.7

197.45.7

583.4558.325.14.3

543.9509.134.8

6.4

6,022.15,537.3

484.88.1

2,911.22,749.7

161.55.5

1,548.61,486.0

62.74.0

1,319.01,251.3

67.75.1

1,795.31,682.6

112.66.3

1,881.01,742.1

138.97.4

632.8582.949.9

7.9

3,459.53,261.2

198.35.7

582.9558.3

24.64.2

545.4511.234.26.3

6,012.45,542.3

470.17.8

2,929.72,772.7

157.05.4

1,561.21,499.2

62.04.0

1,320.41,252.8

67.65.1

1,797.81,685.2

112.66.3

1,871.01,736.6

134.47.2

631.4580.451.08.1

3,475.13,275.6

199.55.7

583.1558.7

24.44.2

547.8514.932.96.0

6,006.25,564.1

442.17.4

2,948.52,797.6

15105.1

1,560.01,491.8

68.24.4

1,320.11,252.4

67.75.1

1,798.61,688.0

110.66.2

1,867.21,734.7

132.67.1

628.1578.0

50.18.0

3,488.23,288.4

199.75.7

582.7558.624.1

4.1

548.3515.5

32.86.0

6,012.55,554.2

458.37.6

2,955.32,805.8

149.55.1

1,559.71,498.3

61.43.9

1,318.01,250.9

67.05.1

1,797.21,686.4

110.96.2

1,869.91,736.4

133.57.1

629.4577.1

52.38.3

3,503.23,302.0

201.25.7

582.1559.023.14.0

550.0517.132.96.0

5,964.05,480.3

483.78.1

2,961.82,812.4

149.45.0

1,560.21,499.6

60.73.9

1,319.51,252.6

66.95.1

1,792.81,684.9

107.96.0

1,868.31,734.5

133.87.2

627.8575.252.6

8.4

3,518.93,316.0

202.95.8

583.4560.323.14.0

551.3518.333.16.0

5,963.55,518.1

445.47.5

2,978.62,827.1

151.55.1

1,560.21,501.5

58.73.8

1,321.51,254.1

67.45.1

1,789.31,682.3

107.06.0

1,871.41,731.2

140.27.5

627.6575.9

51.68.2

3,526.23,325.2

201.05.7

583.3559.623.7

4.1

551.8520.031.8

5.8

5,998.85,640.0

358.86.0

2,991.62,840.6

151.15.0

1,558.21,500.4

57.83.7

1,320.81,253.9

66.85.1

1,788.51,682.2

106.35.9

1,879.71,734.3

145.37.7

626.5575.151.4

8.2

3,531.53,332.1

199.45.6

583.3559.4

24.04.1

553.7521.232.4

5.9

6,032.95,675.2

357.75.9

3,001.92,849.4

152.55.1

1,554.81,498.0

56.83.7

1,321.81,255.8

66.05.0

1,785.81,682.5

103.35.8

1,876.81,735.9

140.97.5

624.4574.749.7

8.0

3,583.83,325.3

258.57.2

605.3577.3

28.04.6

580.3551.329.05.0

5,998.65,600.1

398.56.6

2,992.62,824.8

167.85.6

1,552.11,479.8

72.34.7

1,335.81,249.3

86.46.5

1,809.21,728.0

81.34.5

1,924.51,761.3

163.38.5

628.0568.659.4

9.5

3,603.83,374.4

229.36.4

597.7569.028.7

4.8

590.6560.130.55.2

6,016.65,633.5

383.16.4

3,011.32,861.4

149.95.0

1,565.91,501.0

64.94.1

1,327.51,255.5

72.05.4

1,813.31,715.4

97.95.4

1,924.01,775.0

149.07.7

632.1585.346.8

7.4

127



C-2. Labor force status by State, seasonally adjusted—Continued


State1993


1994

Jan. Feb.P

South Carolina

Civilian labor forceEmployedUnemployedUnemployment rate .

South Dakota


Tennessee


Texas1


Utah

1,810.21,681.4

128.87.1

356.9344.8

12.13.4

2,478.62,334.8

143.85.8

9,000.18,332.1

668.07.4


Vermont

Civilian labor forceEmployedUnemployedUnemployment rate ...

Virginia


Washington

Civilian labor forceEmployedUnemployedUnemployment rate ....

West Virginia


Wisconsin


Wyoming


849.736.6

4.1

314.6296.7

18.05.7

3,372.63,199.3

173.35.1

2,677.72,472.4

205.37.7

778.5692.3

86.211.1

2,689.12,575.0

114.14.2

238.4225.4

13.05.5

1,812.51,679.3

133.37.4

357.5345.3

12.33.4

2,484.32,339.2

145.15.8

9,006.38,382.4

623.96.9

892.2855.836.4

4.1

313.5296.0

17.45.6

3,371.33,198.8

172.45.1

2,678.72,474.7

204.07.6

779.5692.686.911.2

2,709.22,580.8

128.44.7

238.7225.5

13.25.5

1,820.41,684.0

136.47.5

358.0345.9

12.13.4

2,490.52,345.8

144.75.8

9,019.88,400.2

619.66.9

898.0862.2

35.84.0

315.1298.2

17.05.4

3,378.83,204.7

174.15.2

2,681.82,477.8

204.07.6

786.2697.7

88.511.3

2,712.92,579.4

133.5

238.2225.3

12.95.4

1,824.51,684.8

139.77.7

357.8346.2

11.63.2

2,494.32,349.8

144.45.8

9,058.08,448.7

609.36.7

902.8866.935.94.0

316.3299.6

16.75.3

3,373.73,203.5

170.25.0

2,680.62,477.6

203.07.6

785.4697.2

88.111.2

2,716.12,584.6

131.54.8

238.0225.2

12.85.4

1,828.01,685.4

142.67.8

359.1347.0

12.13.4

2,502.72,356.4

146.35.8

9,079.48,436.8

642.67.1

909.3873.5

35.83.9

317.2300.5

16.75.3

3,371.13.202.9

168.25.0

2,687.62,483.8

203.87.6

786.7699.8

11.0

2,713.62,583.7

129.94.8

238.7225.7

13.05.5

1,828.21,684.6

143.67.9

359.5347.4

12.13.4

2,507.52,363.9

143.65.7

9,147.78,494.9

652.87.1

914.7879.8

34.93.8

315.6298.9

16.75.3

3,372.33,206.9

165.44.9

2,689.32,485.2

204.17.6

783.0

83.910.7

2,717.02,588.7

128.44.7

239.2225.9

13.35.5

1,829.51,686.1

143.57.8

359.9347.9

12.03.3

2,508.82,366.3

142.55.7

9,213.68,555.8

657.87.1

919.1884.5

34.73.8

315.5298.9

16.75.3

3,374.63,209.1

165.44.9

2,690.92,488.5

202.47.5

791.4706.9

84.510.7

2,718.22,591.0

127.24.7

238.6225.4

13.25.6

1,828.71,686.2

142.57.8

360.3348.2

12.13.4

2,510.32,370.3

140.05.6

9,254.28,629.8

624.46.7

922.9888.8

34.13.7

316.6299.9

16.75.3

3,375.23,211.4

163.84.9

2,703.02,502.1

200.97.4

793.0709.7

83.410.5

2,723.22,598.2

125.14.6

239.3226.5

12.95.4

1,830.21,689.2

141.07.7

360.6348.8

11.83.3

2,516.52,378.5

138.05.5

9,339.48,665.2

674.27.2

927.0893.7

33.23.6

317.8301.1

16.65.2

3,375.43,215.2

160.24.7

2,711.32,511.0

200.37.4

794.6711.683.010.4

2,729.22,603.0

126.24.6

240.0226.9

13.25.5

1,828.01,687.2

140.87.7

361.3349.4

11.93.3

2,516.72,380.5

136.15.4

9,359.18,718.1

641.06.8

930.5897.9

32.63.5

317.9301.7

16.25.1

3,383.83,223.0

160.84.8

2,713.32,516.6

196.77.3

796.1713.682.510.4

2,735.62,605.9

129.74.7

239.9226.8

13.15.4

1,829.61,688.8

140.87.7

361.2349.1

12.13.4

2,515.22,382.6

132.65.3

9,301.48,690.7

610.76.6

933.2901.5

31.73.4

317.1301.1

16.05.0

3,386.53,228.3

158.34.7

2,723.62,524.8

7.3

795.3714.580.810.2

2,743.22,611.0

132.24.8

240.9227.7

13.25.5

1,792.21,688.9

103.25.8

362.4354.1

8.32.3

2,596.22,449.7

146.55.6

9,314.78,759.8

555.06.0

963.5933.030.53.2

306.9292.2

14.74.8

3,395.73,231.1

164.64.8

2,800.62,647.2

153.45.5

772.6687.8

84.711.0

2,799.12,672.3

126.84.5

252.5231.9

20.58.1

1,830.71,712.3

118.46.5

367.6357.5

10.22.8

2,597.52,445.8

151.75.8

9,307.38,661.5

645.86.9

972.8939.7

33.13.4

311.5295.6

16.05.1

3,387.83,216.5

171.35.1

2,758.02,587.4

170.66.2

773.1690.6

82.610.7

2,844.22,700.8

143.45.0

250.7233.9

16.96.7

1 Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey (CPS). See theExplanatory Notes And Estimates of Error Section for Region, State, and Area LaborForce Data.

p = preliminary.NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data, beginning 1994, are not directly

comparable with those for 1993 and prior years as a result of the redesign of the CPS.In addition, data comparisons are affected by the incorporation of 1990 census-basedpopulation controls (covering the 1990-93 period) and other methodological changesFor additional information, see "Revisions in State and Area Estimates EffectiveJanuary 1994" in the March 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings

130


STATE AND AREA LABOR FORCE DATANOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas


State and area


Feb.1993

1,970.0418.8161.9235.3145.471.3

289.7129.8

1,800.21,144.3

329.0

1,141.3117.389.9

275.437.1

15,278.1264.7400.7

4,483.4189.9

1,115.51,310.61,245.0

686.4174.6

1,209.5892.2841.4191.7218.6234.6229.5370.9

1,838.9144.0944.2

1,761.3227.3623.5278.5187.3118.5

368.9278.1

301.92,567.9

6,549.5184.8682.7160.395.8

468.3194.3204.8

1,007.9702.6160.8233.9135.1

1,023.9437.7

Jan.1994

1,994.2423.2160.9244.0145.972.6

299.6135.4

1,910.01,212.6

351.4

1,169.5124.592.2

281.837.5

15,483.4272.0420.6

4,377.0196.9

1,133.61,340.51,291.8

708.1178.7

1,235.0923.3856.5197.5227.7244.4233.7377.1

1,941.9149.5989.5

1,763.4224.1616.6277.0189.7119.6

371.5280.6

311.32,553.1

6,684.9183.2703.8163.296.6

478.3197.0206.4

1,035.4724.5162.7234.6135.4

1,036.1444.8

Feb.1994P

1,980.3422.3160.1242.0145.573.3

304.6135.5

1,943.91,233.3

356.6

1,180.3127.092.1

284.137.6

15,550.2277.2419.7

4,380.0198.4

1,141.31,350.41,300.1

710.9179.4

1,237.7926.3861.4198.0229.9244.5235.2381.0

1,937.1149.7983.0

1,784.0225.7626.8280.2192.2120.1

377.3284.7

295.82,543.2

6,607.4184.4695.0162.797.1

472.4193.8203.2

1,015.6717.2160.8234.7135.3

1,027.2437.5

Unemployed

Number

Feb.1993

150.625.2

8.718.69.04.1

27.79.1

115.863.115.1

81.24.16.8

14.33.5

1,575.544.370.7

503.134.976.891.0

134.062.532.695.055.960.016.517.137.020.432.5

119.07.5

55.5

118.717.544.617.48.89.8

21.216.7

27.6129.2

458.512.647.1

9.94.2

27.116.614.580.845.8

8.511.85.7

68.035.8

Jan.1S94

166.124.211.621.4

9.24.8

31.010.0

98.251.312.8

73.33.75.9

12.83.2

1,628.346.272.6

483.036.984.196.7

145.564.035.7

104.162.065.718.817.038.721.136.8

126.38.3

59.3

88.313.033.213.46.17.2

22.618.2

35.2123.5

521.714.054.29.94.6

31.418.118.492.351.110.213.37.6

72.741.0

Feb.1994P

146.821.810.718.18.24.1

30.09.8

99.251.912.6

68.33.75.6

12.33.0

1,524.545.772.6

426.036.979.689.0

136.561.834.297.857.962.517.916.338.320.033.5

123.88.0

58.5

95.513.836.014.46.68.2

21.817.2

28.7122.7

381.410.039.6

7.33.3

23.113.513.168.237.4

7.69.85.4

53.930.1


Feb.1993

7.66.05.47.96.25.8

9.57.0

6.45.54.6

7.13.57.55.29.5

10.316.717.611.218.46.96.9

10.89.1

18.77.96.37.18.67.8

15.88.98.8

6.55.25.9

6.77.77.16.34.78.3

5.76.0

9.15.0

7.06.86.96.24.45.88.57.18.06.55.35.04.26.68.2

Jan.1994

8.35.77.28.86.36.6

10.37.4

5.14.23.6

6.33.06.44.58.6

10.517.017.311.018.77.47.2

11.39.0

20.08.46.77.79.57.5

15.89.09.7

6.55.66.0

5.05.85.44.83.26.0

6.16.5

11.34.8

7.87.77.76.14.76.69.28.98.97.16.35.75.67.09.2

Feb.1994^

7.45.26.77.55.65.7

9.97.2

5.14.23.5

5.82.96.14.38.0

9.816.517.39.7

18.67.06.6

10.58.7

19.17.96.27.39.07.1

15.78.58.8

6.45.36.0

5.46.15.75.13.46.8

5.86.0

9.74.8

5.85.45.74.53.44.97.06.46.75.24.74.24.05.26.9


AlaskaAnchorage



California1

BakersfieldFresnoLos Angeles-Long Beach1

ModestoOaklandOrange CountyRiverside-San BernardinoSacramentoSalinasSan DiegoSan FranciscoSan JoseSanta Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc.Santa RosaStockton-LodiVallejo-Fairfield-NapaVentura


ConnecticutBridgeportHartfordNew Haven-MeridenStamford-NewarkWaterbury


District of ColumbiaWashington

Florida1

Daytona BeachFort LauderdaleFort Myers-Cape CoralGainesvilleJacksonvilleLakeland-Winter HavenMelbourne-Titusville-Palm BayMiamiOrlandoPensacolaSarasota-BradentonTallahasseeTampa-St. Petersburg-ClearwaterWest Palm Beach-Boca Raton


131



C-3. Labor force status by State and selected metropolitan areas—Continued


State and area


Feb.1993

3,386.951.563.5

1,729.7201.3107.3136.9122.3

583.2425.7

530.8170.2

5,895.276.492.9

3,893.7182.658.948.6

168.2181.3103.8

2,836.856.984.8

145.7244.5288.2734.249.583.261.5

124.871.3

1,518.3102.1243.449.161.662.768.8

1,305.048.787.0

267.1

1,767.0226.0496.9

45.6

1,867.754.7

267.675.6

152.078.065.1

583.9169.0

625.050.6

119.3

Jan.1994

3,552.452.865.5

1,821.1202.2111.1142.1126.2

605.7442.6

573.5187.3

5,953.676.390.2

3,939.0182.459.049.2

169.0181.2103.5

2,936.660.089.9

146.6249.7290.5763.852.086.665.0

128.072.6

1,549.5107.1251.2

51.164.664.168.9

1,325.848.589.6

273.0

1,775.5232.2506.2

45.3

1,888.855.4

268.375.4

154.180.364.6

584.2171.9

618.450.5

119.5

Feb.1994P

3,586.153.265.5

1,849.9205.9111.3143.6127.5

598.2438.9

582.4191.5

5,974.977.293.2

3,951.6182.359.049.2

168.9181.8104.1

2,965.562.089.8

149.1254.1295.9770.0

51.987.365.4

127.772.1

1,552.9106.7251.3

51.464.064.269.2

1,316.648.088.8

269.9

1,782.5236.3510.9

44.8

1,896.455.6

271.375.7

153.679.865.6

587.0172.1

620.350.4

121.4

Unemployed

Feb.1993

205.94.53.1

94.213.97.07.97.6

27.914.5

42.010.0

496.04.55.3

310.812.96.34.9

13.917.97.1

180.72.54.69.5

14.122.237.6

3.23.64.37.95.4

73.24.09.42.91.72.24.1

67.62.64.6

13.8

126.59.3

28.23.6

143.23.9

16.85.9

11.67.44.5

38.612.0

57.75.07.7

Number

Jan.1994

253.75.33.7

116.114.99.3

10.010.0

28.416.1

36.99.4

426.93.74.7

266.312.15.64.4

11.714.16.2

181.63.14.38.9

14.521.837.9

3.04.14.27.46.1

88.05.1

10.72.92.12.64.6

95.23.46.1

21.7

94.08.3

22.12.2

182.94.9

22.96.6

14.98.05.7

49.216.7

68.05.49.1

Feb.1994P

235.35.13.4

108.215.38.59.39.5

29.116.9

37.68.9

414.43.24.5

259.011.15.34.3

10.915.65.8

165.83.33.88.5

12.519.934.5

2.63.73.96.65.4

76.84.59.12.91.82.34.2

77.42.64.7

18.5

113.811.229.62.5

151.84.2

19.35.6

11.66.34.9

41.113.9

57.24.67.7

Feb.1993

6.18.74.85.46.96.65.86.2

4.83.4

7.95.9

8.45.95.78.07.1

10.610.08.39.96.8

6.44.55.46.55.87.75.16.44.37.06.37.5

4.83.93.95.82.73.56.0

5.25.45.35.2

7.24.15.78.0

in7.16.37.87.69.57.06.67.1

9.29.96.5


Jan.1994

7.110.15.66.47.48.37.07.9

4.73.6

6.45.0

7.24.85.26.86.79.68.96.97.86.0

6.25.14.76.15.87.55.05.84.76.45.88.4

5.74.84.25.83.24.16.7

7.27.16.88.0

5.33.64.44.9

9.78.98.58.89.7

10.08.98.49.7

11.010.87.7

Feb.1994P

6.69.55.25.97.47.76.57.4

4.93.8

6.54.7

6.94.24.96.66.19.08.86.48.65.6

5.65.44.35.74.96.74.54.94.26.05.27.5

4.94.23.65.62.93.66.1

5.95.55.36.9

6.44.75.85.5

8.07.57.17.47.57.97.47.08.1

9.29.06.3


HawaiiHonolulu

IdahoBoise City

Illinois1

Bloomington-NormalChampaign-UrbanaChicagoDavenport-Moline-Rock IslandDecaturKankakeePeoria-PekinRockfordSpringfield








132





State and area


Feb.1993

2,637.91,203.6

3,150.41,736.0

121.268.8

187.7153.483.742.0

288.2248.1

4,596.1276.4

79.72,072.2

195.9503.7

71.1221.1232.0188.5

2,412.0116.1

1,480.062.686.1

1,198.0204.5

2,617.7861.8

1,257.3146.9

421.4

829.2126.6339.7

727.0517.3158.1

615.497.297.6

118.6

3,942.4159.0645.9272.0572.2467.6985.0169.263.4

743.7320.860.670.7

Jan.1994

2,659.21,203.6

3,136.41,740.0

119.968.0

187.8151.483.741.0

280.5243.2

4,767.6281.3

83.62,138.0

200.2523.2

75.1228.2238.3195.9

2,511.3118.1

1,544.866.089.6

1,213.2208.0

2,637.7891.7

1,284.6154.2

428.9

876.1132.4356.2

762.6556.6161.4

625.597.896.8

117.8

4,032.8162.2663.9283.2591.3481.8

1,007.9172.564.3

772.3334.962.372.9

Feb.1994P

2,668.31,205.6

3,122.61,734.6

119.567.3

185.1150.182.040.8

279.9242.9

4,748.5281.4

82.92,130.1

199.6520.6

74.6227.2237.1194.2

2,548.0120.0

1,567.566.790.6

1,215.9208.4

2,609.9881.7

1,273.3152.1

430.6

886.9133.6358.1

774.9564.6164.4

613.895.494.6

117.1

3,991.6160.8654.7279.2586.3476.9996.1169.963.4

774.1335.9

62.974.4

Unemployed

Feb.1993

173.191.6

262.9123.6

12.25.7

17.114.311.04.5

25.819.3

344.712.66.2

151.017.531.4

5.513.017.213.5

140.69.8

68.42.35.4

81.39.9

170.246.082.2

8.0

32.1

25.53.3

11.7

53.436.111.9

48.87.57.58.3

326.720.253.229.737.935.181.710.78.2

52.418.54.72.5

Number

Jan.1994

170.488.3

239.6109.310.25.6

16.212.212.04.2

24.216.9

388.014.77.3

164.520.834.8

6.415.614.017.0

133.19.1

62.12.85.9

86.79.9

161.851.375.4

7.8

28.9

27.43.6

12.3

43.731.7

8.9

34.75.35.56.2

293.019.249.827.132.133.773.210.27.5

48.817.35.12.3

Feb.1994?

172.389.1

223.2102.5

9.75.2

15.411.210.84.0

22.415.8

401.615.57.3

169.421.535.46.6

16.214.517.6

123.89.2

58.32.64.9

87.69.7

152.245.770.3

6.7

28.7

27.33.3

12.1

40.229.38.1

36.25.55.96.2

307.819.752.327.834.536.276.210.47.9

39.713.54.42.2

Feb.1993

6.67.6

8.37.1

10.18.39.19.3

13.210.89.07.8

7.54.67.87.38.96.27.85.97.47.2

5.88.44.63.76.2

6.84.8

6.55.36.55.5

7.6

3.12.63.4

7.37.07.5

7.97.77.77.0

8.312.78.2

10.96.67.58.36.3

12.9

7.05.87.83.6


Jan.1994

6.47.3

7.66.38.58.28.68.0

14.310.38.66.9

8.15.28.77.7

10.46.78.56.85.98.7

5.37.74.04.26.6

7.14.7

6.15.85.95.1

6.7

3.12.73.5

5.75.75.5

5.55.45.75.2

7.311.97.59.65.47.07.35.9

11.7

6.35.28.13.1

Feb.1994P

6.57.4

7.15.98.27.78.37.4

13.29.88.06.5

8.55.58.88.0

10.86.88.97.16.19.0

4.97.63.74.05.4

7.24.6

5.85.25.54.4

6.7

3.12.43.4

5.25.24.9

5.95.76.35.3

7.712.38.09.95.97.67.66.1

12.5

5.14.06.92.9

MarylandBaltimore

Massachusetts1

BostonBrocktonFitchburg-LeominsterLawrenceLowellNew BedfordPittsfieldSpringfieldWorcester

Michigan1

Ann ArborBenton HarborDetroitFlintGrand Rapids-Muskegon-HollandJacksonKalamazoo-Battle-CreekLansing-East LansingSaginaw-Bay City-Midland

MinnesotaDuluth-SuperiorMinneapolis-St.PaulRochesterSt. Cloud

MississippiJackson

MissouriKansas CitySt. Louis LMASpringfield

Montana


NevadaLas VegasReno


New Jersey1

Atlantic-Cape MayBergen-PassaicJersey CityMiddlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon...Monmouth-OceanNewarkTrentonVineland-Millville-Bridgeton



133





State and area


Feb.1993

8,706.6450.6129.4578.1123.043.158.4

1,350.03,969.83,336.6

168.0568.9371.7142.5

3,528.5103.9663.9595.1544.9

306.945.085.561.2

5,433.4343.8195.2781.2

1,075.4748.7466.0300.2280.2

1,507.126.943.0

492.3374.5

1,549.4147.276.9

899.2145.6

5,874.5275.1

61.2138.1327.4106.3224.9

2,459.41,144.8

177.2342.5

54.664.057.7

187.4

514.7593.1

1,792.5244.0248.3451.8

346.839.880.1

Jan.1994

8,576.8461.7130.3579.1119.843.660.6

1,352.73,824.83,198.0

167.5576.4369.3144.4

3,496.9103.9668.2595.8530.7

320.947.288.965.2

5,464.2350.3200.6790.9

1,069.5746.8464.0302.9284.6

1,561.028.043.7

509.8390.6

1,579.7149.178.7

912.7147.8

5,762.1266.2

62.0136.5324.7105.9222.9

2,383.51,143.9

175.0339.7

52.261.455.8

186.8

523.4600.0

1,756.1234.4240.9448.0

352.440.582.6

Feb.1994P

8,560.4461.4129.4579.1118.643.361.2

1,346.13,810.63,186.0

166.8573.9370.1144.5

3,547.6104.8675.7600.1534.3

323.847.190.166.2

5,548.5357.2201.7803.1

1,086.9760.0472.4306.6286.1

1,560.328.143.9

507.9388.1

1,585.4149.878.6

910.9149.8

5,727.2265.7

61.4135.7319.0104.0220.2

2,388.31,129.3

173.4336.5

52.363.055.7

184.7

515.4592.1

1,812.9241.6248.7462.1

357.641.183.4

Unemployed

Feb.1993

744.025.4

9.242.3

8.22.75.6

91.9414.3376.6

11.030.826.611.0

200.45.4

35.027.720.4

15.02.43.42.3

424.325.415.952.485.941.930.923.027.9

96.61.22.6

25.224.0

130.912.97.7

63.711.5

478.822.7

5.211.019.113.612.7

192.890.813.031.7

6.74.55.6

12.6

47.559.3

139.316.114.727.8

14.01.82.8

Number

Jan.1994

702.124.7

9.841.2

9.32.75.4

83.2379.3345.0

10.432.924.710.2

162.34.4

25.221.515.2

18.13.03.72.7

398.723.916.146.078.240.427.522.125.7

111.71.43.2

30.027.3

126.412.17.3

49.012.4

388.318.04.79.8

17.211.011.6

142.078.69.7

27.34.23.74.9

10.5

59.267.8

109.612.910.219.3

10.61.31.9

Feb.1994P

724.728.010.946.010.33.16.3

95.9359.2320.0

11.836.528.111.5

196.05.1

29.826.616.3

16.32.43.72.5

349.121.013.742.668.234.024.119.321.8

117.21.43.3

30.529.7

130.112.87.6

51.012.3

351.517.24.18.9

13.89.99.7

141.068.8

9.124.8

3.73.04.39.1

46.555.5

129.015.312.123.6

12.11.52.4

Feb.1993

8.55.67.17.36.66.49.66.8

10.411.36.55.47.27.7

5.75.25.34.73.7

4.95.23.93.7

7.87.48.16.78.05.66.67.7

10.0

6.44.66.05.16.4

8.58.8

10.07.17.9

8.28.38.58.05.8

12.85.67.87.97.39.3

12.37.09.86.7

9.210.0

7.86.65.96.1

4.04.53.4


Jan.1994

8.25.47.57.17.86.18.96.29.9

10.86.25.76.77.1

4.64.33.83.62.9

5.66.34.14.2

7.36.88.05.87.35.45.97.39.0

7.25.07.25.97.0

8.08.19.35.4

' 8.4

6.76.87.67.25.3

10.45.26.06.95.58.08.16.08.75.6

11.311.3

6.25.54.24.3

3.03.22.2

Feb.1994P

8.56.18.57.98.77.2

10.27.19.4

10.07.06.47.68.0

5.54.94.44.43.1

5.05.24.13.8

6.35.96.85.36.34.55.16.37.6

7.55.17.46.07.6

8.28.69.75.68.2

6.16.56.76.54.39.54.45.96.15.27.47.24.77.64.9

9.09.4

7.16.34.85.1

3.43.72.9

New York1

Albany-Schenectady-TroyBinghamtonBuffalo-Niagara FallsDutchess CountyElmiraGlens FallsNassau-SuffolkNew York

New York City1

NewburghRochesterSyracuseUtica-Rome

North Carolina1

AshevilleCharlotte-Gastonia-Rock HillGreensboro-Winston-Salem-High PointRaleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill


Ohio1

AkronCanton-MassillonCincinnatiCleveland-Lorain-ElyriaColumbusDayton-SpringfieldToledoYoungstown-Warren



Pennsylvania1

Allentown-Bethlehem-EastonAltoonaErieHarrisburg-Lebanon-CarlisleJohnstownLancasterPhiladelphiaPittsburghReadingScranton-Wilkes-Barre-HazeltonSharonState CollegeWilliamsportYork





134





State and area


Feb.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994P

Unemployed

Number

Feb.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.


Feb.1993

Jan.1994

Feb.1994^


Texas1

AbileneAmarilloAustin-San MarcosBeaumont-Port ArthurBrazoriaBrownsville-Harlingen-San BenitoBryan-College StationCorpus ChristiDallasEl PasoFort Worth-ArlingtonGalveston-Texas CityHoustonKilleen-TempleLaredoLongview-MarshallLubbockMcAllen-Edinburg-MissionOdessa-MidlandSan AngeloSan AntonioSherman-DenisonTexarkanaTylerVictoriaWacoWichita Falls

UtahProvo-OremSalt Lake City-Odgen

VermontBurlington

VirginiaCharlottesvilleDanvilleLynchburgNorfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport NewsRichmond-PetersburgRoanoke




WyomingCasper

2,433.9208.3215.9310.8474.6537.4

8,934.557.3

100.3530.6183.7100.4113.865.5

167.61,578.0

269.4769.3122.3

1,877.6100.361.996.8

114.5168.7114.848.7

660.645.355.978.739.893.660.6

870.4127.4564.1

314.790.3

3,348.369.957.3

103.9691.1486.8126.5

2,661.71,196.3

770.8120.8133.874.471.3

2,647.4198.771.3

112.672.769.065.2

230.2742.488.155.364.6

234.231.0

2,544.9219.7219.4326.1491.8565.1

9,254.559.0

105.7562.4187.2108.0122.068.2

171.11,645.4

283.0793.0123.7

1,937.5105.265.299.9

115.9177.7117.450.1

688.646.456.781.843.196.362.7

953.3139.8616.4

305.988.7

3,362.869.557.8

106.5698.2490.7127.7

2,784.21,259.3

766.3121.8128.272.870.6

2,751.0207.073.3

120.275.073.566.4

238.5768.3

91.859.067.0

247.532.3

2,552.4219.6220.0326.9492.3567.9

9,241.258.9

105.3558.6186.9107.6121.068.7

171.41,648.1

283.2788.8124.6

1,925.9104.865.2

100.3117.0179.9117.150.1

686.846.357.081.743.195.962.9

955.1140.6616.7

311.2

3,363.370.958.3

106.0695.0492.2126.3

2,742.71,234.4

765.8121.1128.673.871.6

2,799.1209.4

75.7121.076.373.668.3

244.8111 A93.659.668.7

246.432.3

148.011.212.817.526.923.6

725.13.65.8

23.522.3

8.515.22.4

16.5111.930.657.811.3

153.86.76.3

10.66.8

32.210.72.9

42.44.04.86.42.76.54.2

39.05.2

23.2

21.84.9

187.32.74.05.4

39.826.4

6.6

238.784.1

92.710.614.77.87.9

134.27.94.85.04.43.73.25.4

30.55.62.23.8

16.12.6

155.812.514.918.227.923.1

630.43.44.7

22.019.07.9

16.62.1

15.993.329.549.110.2

131.75.86.08.95.4

29.78.32.8

35.73.25.15.22.75.13.5

31.73.9

18.9

18.44.1

183.42.83.96.0

43.523.76.2

189.270.4

90.411.211.86.98.0

140.29.24.45.54.13.63.05.9

32.95.52.33.8

24.13.5

155.911.914.618.726.923.1

702.44.05.5

23.520.6

8.616.02.4

17.6105.634.054.211.7

146.96.76.8

10.36.2

32.69.83.1

39.03.55.75.73.05.44.0

35.24.4

20.6

19.44.4

185.43.24.15.6

42.824.1

5.8

204.377.1

89.210.212.16.77.7

163.110.25.26.34.84.23.47.0

37.06.52.34.9

19.93.0

6.15.45.95.65.74.4

8.16.25.84.4

12.18.5

13.33.79.97.1

11.37.59.38.26.7

10.211.05.9

19.19.35.96.48.78.68.16.86.96.9

4.54.14.1

6.95.4

5.63.97.05.25.85.45.2

9.07.0

12.08.8

11.010.411.1

5.14.06.84.56.15.44.82.34.16.34.15.9

8.5

6.15.76.85.65.74.1

6.85.74.53.9

10.27.3

13.63.19.35.7

10.46.28.26.85.59.18.94.7

16.77.15.55.26.99.16.46.25.35.6

3.32.83.1

6.04.7

5.54.16.85.66.24.84.8

6.85.6

11.89.29.29.5

11.3

5.14.56.04.65.54.94.52.54.35.93.95.7

9.711.0

6.15.46.65.75.54.1

7.66.85.24.2

11.08.0

13.23.5

10.36.4

12.06.99.47.66.4

10.510.35.3

18.18.46.25.77.6

10.17.06.95.76.4

3.73.13.3

6.24.8

5.54.57.05.36.24.94.6

7.56.2

11.68.49.49.1

10.8

5.84.96.95.26.45.85.02.84.87.03.87.1

8.19.3

1 Data are obtained directly from the Current Population Survey (CPS). See theExplanatory Notes and Estimates of Error Section for Region, State, and AreaLabor Force Data.

P = preliminary.NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data, beginning 1994, are not directly

comparable with those for 1993 and prior years as a result of the redesign of the

CPS. In addition, data comparisons are affected by the incorporation of 1990census-based population controls (covering the 1990-93 period) and othermethodological changes. For additional information, see "Revisions in State andArea Estimates Effective January 1994" in the March 1994 issue of Employmentand Earnings.

135


HOUSEHOLD DATASEASONALLY ADJUSTEDQUARTERLY AVERAGES

D-1. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted


Employment status,sex, and age

1991

IV

1992

IV

1993

IV

1994

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population1 ..Civilian labor force


Employment-population ratio2...Unemployed

Unemployment rate

Men, 16 years and overCivilian noninstitutional population1 ..


EmployedEmployment-population ratio2...



Not in labor force

Men, 20 years and overCivilian noninstitutional population1 ..

Civilian labor force...,Percent of population




Not in labor force

Women, 16 years and overCivilian noninstitutional population1 .





Not in labor force

Women, 20 years and overCivilian noninstitutional population1 .


EmployedEmployment-population ratio2..



Not in labor force

Both sexes, 16 to 19 yearsCivilian noninstitutional population1





Not in labor force

189,112125,023

66.1116,876

61.88,148

6.5

90,20768,324

75.763,679

70.62,504

61,1754,645

6.821,883

83,37664,603

77.560,661

72.82,305

58,3573,942

6.118,773

98,90556,699

57.353,197

53.8673

52,5243,502

6.242,206

92,20353,263

57.850,347

54.6640

49,7072,916

5.538,940

13,5327,158

52.95,868

43.4233

5,6351,290

18.06,374

189,523125,424

66.2116,978

61.78,446

6.7

90,41868,455

75.763,613

70.42,575

61,0384,842

7.121,963

83,65064,845

77.560,726

72.62,373

58,3544,119

6.418,805

99,10656,969

57.553,365

53.8671

52,6943,604

6.342,137

92,45353,590

58.050,553

54.7628

49,9253,037

5.738,863

13,4206,98952.1

5,69942.5246

5,4531,29018.5

6,431

189,978125,219

65.9116,795

61.58,424

6.7

90,66268,400

75.463,523

70.12,583

60,9404,877

7.122,262

83,94364,887

77.360,713

72.32,389

58,3244,174

6.419,056

99,31656,820

57.253,272

53.6686

52,5863,548

6.242,496

92,72453,620

57.850,647

54.6646

50,0012,973

5.539,104

13,3126,712

50.45,43540.8233

5,2021,27719.0

6,600

190,449125,579

65.9116,827

61.38,752

7.0

90,92168,479

75.363,521

69.92,519

61,0024,958

7.222,442

84,25464,983

77.160,734

72.12,352

58,3824,249

6.519,271

99,52857,101

57.453,306

53.6690

52,6163,795

6.642,427

92,95553,804

57.950,606

54.4658

49,9473,199

5.939,151

13,2396,792

51.35,48741.4198

5,2891,305

19.26,447

190,888 191,310127,074

66.4117,567

61.59,507

7.5

126,30166.2

117,10161.3

9,2007.3

91,16568,769

75.463,457

69.62,484

60,9735,312

7.722,396

84,53565,252

77.260,696

71.82,328

58,3684,556

7.019,283

99,72357,532

57.753,644

53.8703

52,9413,888

6.642,191

93,19654,301

58.350,985

54.7659

50,3263,316

6.138,895

13,1576,747

51.35,42041.2200

5,2201,327

19.76,410

91,39369,287

75.863,602

69.82.527

61,2755,485

7.922,106

84,75665,773

77.661,058

72.02,365

58,6934,715

7.218,983

99,91757,787

57.853,765

53.8693

53,0734,022

7.042,130

93,40554,578

58.451,168

54.8649

50,5193,410

6.238,827

13,1496,723

51.15,341

40.6206

5,1351,38220.6

6,426

191,786127,334

66.4117,761

61.49,573

7.5

91,65269,347

75.763.893

69.72,567

61,3265,454

7.922,305

85,01065,775

77.461,109

71.92,379

58,7314,666

7.119,235

100,13557,988

57.953,868

53.8655

53,2144,119

7.142,147

93,63354,778

58.551,266

54.8606

50,6603,512

6.438,855

13,1446,781

51.65,38641.0237

5,1491,39520.6

6,363

192,319127,230

66.2117,951

61.39,279

7.3

91,95269,334

75.464,042

69.62,548

61,4945,292

7.622,616

85,26265,753

77.161,195

71.82,341

58,8544,558

6.919,509

100,36757,896

57.753,909

53.7646

53,2633,987

6.942,471

93,86054,727

58.351,315

54.7601

50,7143,412

6.239,133

192,796127,355

66.1118,394

61.48,961

7.0

92,21469,371

75.264,307

69.72,497

61,8105,064

7.322,843

85,55465,792

76.961,464

71.82,295

59,1704,328

6.619,762

100,58257,984

57.654,087

53.8635

53,4523,897

6.742,598

94,08154,772

58.251,468

54.7595

50,8733,304

6.039,309

193,288127,890

66.2118,984

61.68,906

7.0

92,48269,633

75.364,582

69.82,435

62,1465,052

7.322,849

85,80666,041

77.061,756

72.02,246

59,5104,285

6.519,765

100,80758,257

57.854,402

54.0623

53,7793,854

6.642,550

94,26454,987

58.351,728

54.9592

51,1363,259

5.939,277

193,799128,181

66.1119,543

61.78,638

6.7

92,75469,719

75.264,796

69.92,399

62,3974,923

7.123,035

86,00966,133

76.961,925

72.02,231

59,6954,208

6.419,876

101,04558,462

57.954,747

54.2648

54,1003,715

6.442,583

94,49755,200

58.452,019

55.0609

51,4103,181

5.839,297

194,315 196,085128,713 130,674

66.2120,311

61.98,402

6.5

93,03069,788

75.065,125

70.02,439

62,6854,663

6.723,242

86,25866,275

76.862,310

72.22,286

60,0253,965

6.019,983

66.6122,088

62.38,586

6.6

93,97870,639

75.265,942

70.22,571

63,3714,697

6.623,339

86,83366,764

76.962,826

72.42,349

60,4763,939

5.920,069

101,285 102,107

13,1966,749

51.15,44141.2252

5,1891,30919.4

6,447

13,1606,791

51.65,46241.5243

5,2191,32919.6

6,369

13,2186,862

51.95,50041.6220

5,2801,36219.8

6,356

13,2936,848

51.55,59942.1208

5,3911.249

18.26,445

58,92658.2

55,18754.5638

54,5493,739

6.42,359

94,71055,622

58.752,432

55.-599

51,8333,190

5.39.088

13.3476,816

51.5,569

41.192

5,3761,248

18.36,531

60,03558.8

56,14755.0812

55,3353.888

6.542.072

95,16456,489

59.453,179

55.9761

52,4193,309

5.938,676

14,0887,421

52.76,083

43.2273

5,8111.33818.0

6,667

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.2 Employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population.NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in tables D-1

through D-10 will not necessarily add to totals because of theindependent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Data for 1994 are

not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier years. Foradditional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population SurveyEffective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment andEarnings.

136



D-2. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonallyadjusted



Hispanic origin

1991

IV

1992

IV

1993

IV

1994

WHITE



Employment-population ratio2..Unemployed

Unemployment rate













MenWomen

BLACK

Civilian noninstitutional population1.Civilian labor force



Unemployment rate










161,095107,298

66.6101,075

62.76,223

5.8

56,07677.9

52,97673.6

3,1005.5

45,07257.6

42,91154.8

2,1614.8

6,15056.8

5,18947.996215.616.814.3

21,49313,541

63.011,901

55.41,64112.1

6,37374.0

5,65865.771411.2

6,38059.2

5,74153.363910.0

161,357107,609

66.7101,157

62.76,452

6.0

56,26877.9

53,05473.5

3,2145.7

45,32157.8

43,07454.9

2,2475.0

6,02056.2

5,02846.999216.517.915.0

21,56813,546

62.811,852

55.01,69312.5

6,34273.4

5,58064.676312.0

6,45659.7

5,78153.467610.5

161,646107,399

66.4100,919

62.46,480

6.0

56,30877.8

52,99573.2

3,3135.9

45,28257.6

43,07454.8

2,2084.9

5,80954.6

4,85045.695916.517.615.3

21,65613,536

62.511,886

54.91,65012.2

6,35973.1

5,63364.872611.4

6,45959.5

5,80653.465310.1

161,947107,693

66.5101,000

62.46,692

6.2

56,33577.6

52,98673.0

3,3495.9

45,47757.7

43,13354.8

2,3445.2

5,88155.5

4,88146.1

1,00017.017.816.1

21,74413,548

62.311,813

54.31,735

12.8

6,38272.9

5,65564.672711.4

6,43859.0

5,69952.273911.5

162,223108,149

66.7101,185

62.46,964

6.4

56,54077.7

53,00372.8

3,5376.3

45,83258.1

43,39955.0

2,4335.3

5,77654.8

4,78245.399417.218.915.4

21,82813,737

62.911,834

54.21,90313.9

6,43473.2

5,56563.386913.5

6,51659.5

5,77352.774311.4

162,486108,565

66.8101,450

62.47,116

6.6

56,90078.0

53,24773.0

3,6536.4

45,95058.1

43,49255.0

2,4585.3

5,71554.5

4,71144.9

1,00517.618.916.1

21,90913,873

63.311,894

54.31,979

14.3

6,47573.3

5,60963.586613.4

6,62760.2

5,82653.080112.1

162,788108,706

66.8101,515

62.47,191

6.6

56,91277.8

53,32072.9

3,5926.3

46,04158.1

43,44554.9

2,5975.6

5,75354.9

4,75045.3

1,00217.418.915.8

21,99714,017

63.712,034

54.71,983

14.1

6,49473.2

5,61463.288013.6

6,72060.8

5,94553.877511.5

163,135108,689

66.6101,761

62.46,927

6.4

56,89577.6

53,40072.8

3,4956.1

46,06358.1

43,56554.9

2,4985.4

5,73154.5

4,79645.693516.316.915.6

22,09613,931

63.011,963

54.11,968

14.1

6,48572.7

5,61963.086613.3

6,65760.0

5,87753.078111.7

163,438 163,751108,816

66.6102,119

62.56,697

6.2

56,96077.5

53,62573.0

3,3355.9

46,08358.0

43,67355.0

2,4095.2

5,77354.8

4,82045.895316.517.615.3

22,18613,898

62.612,004

54.11,894

13.6

6,50372.5

5,67663.382612.7

6,60759.3

5,85652.675111.4

109,13366.6

102,50862.6

6,6256.1

57,05977.5

53,79873.1

3,2615.7

46,26458.1

43,86355.1

2,4005.2

5,81055.0

4,84645.996316.618.115.0

22,28113,911

62.412,060

54.11,85113.3

6,46571.7

5,65762.880812.5

6,65159.5

5,94353.270810.6

164,078109,510

66.7103,036

62.86,474

5.9

57,14377.4

53,92573.1

3,2185.6

46,52558.4

44,18855.4

2,3385.0

5,84255.1

4,92446.591815.717.413.9

22,37613,947

62.312,187

54.51,760

12.6

6,52372.1

5,74163.478212.0

6,64559.2

5,94253.070310.6

164,415109,943

66.9103,581

63.06,362

5.8

57,26477.4

54,23573.3

3,0295.3

46,78358.6

44,39055.6

2,3945.1

5,89555.4

4,95646.694015.917.514.3

22,47414,004

62.312,329

54.91,67612.0

6,49371.4

5,76163.473311.3

6,76660.1

6,10454.26629.8

165,093110,789

67.1104,446

63.36,343

5.7

57,34977.4

54,35573.4

2,9945.2

47,13059.1

44,78656.1

2,3445.0

6,31056.3

5,30547.4

1,00515.917.314.4

22,74914,476

63.612,618

55.51,85812.8

6,63172.7

5,86464.376711.6

7,00961.3

6,19954.281011.6

137



D-2. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin, seasonallyadjusted—Continued



Hispanic origin

BLACK—ContinuedBoth sexes, 16 to 19 years




MenWomen

HISPANIC ORIGIN




Unemployment rate

1991

IV

1992

IV

1993

IV

1994

78937.350223.728736.436.736.1

14,5939,633

66.08,725

59.89089.4

74735.449223.325534.136.231.8

14,7119,72166.1

8,78559.79379.6

71834.344721.327137.837.138.5

14,8299,83466.3

8,82759.5

1,00710.2

72835.045922.126936.936.038.0

14,9489,875

66.18,864

59.31,011

10.2

78737.949623.929136.938.135.6

15,06610,021

66.58,902

59.11,11911.2

77137.245922.131340.544.136.8

15,18410,105

66.68,959

59.01,14611.3

80338.847522.932840.843.537.9

15,30310,184

66.58,988

58.71,196

11.7

78938.046722.532240.842.738.6

15,42110,219

66.39,035

58.61,184

11.6

78837.847222.631640.141.139.0

15,54210,270

66.19,110

58.61,160

11.3

79538.146022.033542.142.142.2

15,68210,255

65.49,200

58.71,054

10.3

77937.050423.927635.437.533.0

15,82410,380

65.69,318

58.91,061

10.2

74535.246421.928137.839.536.0

15,96610,595

66.49,458

59.21,13810.7

83638.155525.328133.638.528.6

17,89511,817

66.010,608

59.31,20910.2

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.2 Employment as a percent of the civilian noninstitutional population.NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not

sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presentedand Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlieryears. For additional information, see "Revisions in the CurrentPopulation Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue ofEmployment and Earnings.

138



D-3. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by sex and age, seasonally adjusted


Full- and part-time status, sex,and age

1991

IV

1992

IV

1993

IV

1994

EMPLOYED



UNEMPLOYED

Looking for full-time workMen, 16 years and overMen, 20 years and overWomen, 16 years and overWomen, 20 years and overBoth sexes, 16 to 19 years

Looking for part-time workMen, 16 years and overMen, 20 years and overWomen, 16 years and overWomen, 20 years and overBoth sexes, 16 to 19 years

UNEMPLOYMENT RATES1



96,80257,17955,98239,64238,8152,005

20,0796,515

13,55111,5373,843

6,7024,1123,7092,6422,363

631

1,443596239845552652

6.56.76.26.25.7

23.9

6.78.44.85.94.614.5

96,63356,99155,89939,63638,7971,937

20,3146,5844,81513,71711,7523,747

6,9134,2013,8552,6892,454604

1,522613256898578688

6.76.96.56.45.9

23.8

7.08.55.16.14.715.5

96,52856,80655,82239,63038,8921,815

20,3796,7364,92013,65411,7353,725

6,9524,2293,9042,6912,418630

1,490605277886561652

6.76.96.56.45.9

25.8

6.88.25.36.14.614.9

96,35356,77055,70439,66238,9241,725

20,4236,7825,01313,65411,6953,715

7,2124,3253,9662,8612,628619

1,534611273926574

7.07.16.66.76.3

26.4

7.08.35.26.44.715.6

96,62456,66255,59240,03339,2951,737

20,4296,8205,10413,60811,7023,623

7,6244,7934,2912,9572,728605

1,576663271920586718

7.37.87.26.96.5

25.8

7.28.95.06.34.8

16.5

97,10557,01556,01440,06239,372

1,719

20,4356,7375,029

13,68311,7983,608

7,8594,7864,4363,0352,764

659

1,631659267959638726

7.57.77.37.06.6

27.7

7.48.95.06.55.t

16.8

97,07756,85955,89540,14939,420

1,763

20,7947,0515,260

13,73011,8133,721

7,9044,6794,3853,1942,898

621

1,683705290980620773

7.57.67.37.46.8

26.0

7.59.15.26.75.0

17.2

97,27357,05656,00640,28339,556

1,711

20,6257,0155,174

13,63111,7713,680

7,6104,5554,2613,0032,778

572

1,671697290973645736

7.37.47.16.96.6

25.0

7.59.05.36.75.216.7

97,71857,32356,28640,44439,7321,701

20,6286,9765,17713,65311,7613,690

7,3374,4794,0642,9292,682591

1,627666269962620737

7.07.26.76.86.3

25.8

7.38.74.96.65.016.6

98,13157,44456,44640,65739,9071,777

20,8237,0805,29513,72311,8223,706

7,2714,3424,0022,9062,649620

1.621686274926601746

6.97.06.66.76.2

25.9

7.28.84.96.34.8

16.8

98,58857,72556,68440,83540,075

1,829

21,0117,0805,267

13,91611,9033,841

7,1014,2553,9382,8462,590

574

1,542644273896599670

6.76.96.56.56.123.9

6.88.34.96.14.814.9

99,30458,08556,98641,25240,4921,826

21,0067,0875,31413,94711,9553,737

6,8374,0453,7002,7942,567570

1,559625261947623675

6.46.56.16.36.0

23.8

6.98.14.76.45.015.3

98,33458,02756,99340,32539,5411,800

23,7047,8925,82915,81613,6334,242

7,0414,0263,6573,0022,765620

1,555675290879545720

6.76.56.06.96.5

25.6

6.27.94.75.33.814.5

1 These rates reflect a refined definition of the full- and part-time laborforce and differ from the rates published elsewhere in this publicationprior to 1994.



139



D-4. Employed persons by marital status, occupation, class of worker, and part-time status, seasonally adjusted

(In thousands)

Category1991

IV

1992

IV

1993

IV

1994

MARITAL STATUS

TotalMarried men, spouse presentMarried women, spouse presentWomen who maintain families

OCCUPATION

Managerial and professional specialtyTechnical, sales, and administrativesupport

Service occupationsPrecision production, craft, and repairOperators, fabricators, and laborersFarming, forestry, and fishing

CLASS OF WORKER


Nonagricultural industries:Wage and salary workersPrivate industries


GovernmentSelf-employed workersUnpaid family workers

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1

All industries:Part time for economic reasonsSlack work or business conditionsCould only find part-time work


Nonagricultural industries:Part time for economic reasonsSlack work or business conditionsCould only find part-time work


116,87640,45929,6316,427

30,826

36,22815,82213,42417,1743,439

1,6171,419

139

104,66086,834

98185,85317,8268,861

229

5,8283,1282,325

15,037

5,5332,9332,255

14,623

116,97840,34629,729

6,416

30,924

36,15715,91713,21717,1533,500

1,6981,440

111

104,51886,553

97485,57817,9668,970

230

5,9483,1992,480

15,119

5,6843,0042,398

14,694

116,79540,50129,8906,475

30,977

36,01316,10213,00917,2863,474

1,6991,459

116

104,46486,605

1,02885,57717,8598,877

213

6,0813,1762,604

14,991

5,7932,9882,518

14,531

116,82740,38929,846

6,511

31,321

35,97816,10012,98517,0643,404

1,6531,449

114

104,44486,497

98385,51417,9478,888

231

6,3593,3142,723

14,896

6,0993,1322,649

14,423

117,10140,07229,9106,576

30,974

36,78916,08012,95616,9203,423

1,6811,416

96

105,10287,321

1,07886,24317,7828,620

228

6,5273,2582,930

14,624

6,2353,0732,850

14,173

117,56740,29030,1756,555

31,040

36,94216,03813,07216,9493,403

1,7181,389

112

105,54787,615

1,11486,50117,9328,528

251

6,3003,2312,793

14,827

6,0203,0182,719

14,421

117,76140,31330,2446,585

31,132

36,83816,15713,23416,9823,488

1,7061,403

110

105,67887,304

1,15986,14518,3748,648

235

6,2733,2052,795

14,908

6,0273,0492,721

14,465

117,95140,53630,2196,615

31,461

36,68316,11513,21916,9773,503

1,6681,388

130

105,82987,571

1,10486,46618,2598,683

212

6,4473,1722,978

14,816

6,1872,9962,903

14,392

118,39440,79230,428

6,671

31,963

36,52416,40013,00417,1533,374

1,6201,382

127

106,17287,687

1,09586,59218,4858,896

224

6,3223,1012,905

14,843

6,0812,9382,842

14,408

118,98440,98330,3096,833

31,979

36,71116,52313,28117,0483,319

1,6121,345

107

106,62488,073

1,08786,98618,5519,084

193

6,4433,2362,931

15,006

6,2003,0662,846

14,599

119,54340,83230,4566,826

32,461

36,96816,49413,49816,9063,289

1,6201,318

98

107,25388,763

1,11187,65218,4909,023

233

6,4383,1562,953

15,173

6,2012,9922,889

14,759

120,31140,87030,8556,727

32,713

37,06116,67413,49117,0543,334

1,7001,285

93

107,98389,492

1,12988,36418,4919,008

223

6,1823,0692,837

15,288

5,9322,9182,744

14,852

122,08841,38131,533

7,100

33,094

37,22116,99813,56317,6373,647

1,6791,628

58

109,47991,214

1,01290,20218,2659,149

134

4,9342,4672,112

17,646

4,6632,3402,036

17,010

1 Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent fromtheir jobs during the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation,illness, or industrial dispute. Part time for noneconomic reasons excludespersons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours duringthe reference week for reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad

weather.NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993


140



D-5. Employed persons by age and sex, seasonally adjusted

(In thousands)

Age and sex1991 1992 1993 1994






116,8761116,9781116,795 116,8271117.101 117,5671117,761 117,951 118,394| 118,984

Men, 16 years and over ...

18,2595,8682,215|3,6561

12,391 i98,636 j83,94014,692

17,9185,6992,1513,545

12,21999,04184,34114,669

63,6791 63,613



20 to 24 years25 years and over....

25 to 54 years55 years and over .

Women, 16 years and over.



20 to 24 years25 years and over....

25 to 54 years55 years and over .

9,4943,0171,1511,8666,4771

54,19245,868

8,342

53,197

8,7652,8501,0641,7895,915

44,44338,0726,350

9,3182,8871,1061,7776,431

54,28045,9128,339

53,365

8,6002,8121,0441,7675,788

44,76138,429

6.330

17,6015,4352,0443,407

12,16699,20584,53014,684

63,523

9,2122,8101,0531,7666,402

54,31746,029

8,292

53,272

8,3882,625

9911,6425,763

44,88838,5006,392

17,6485,4872,0913,404

12,16199,178184,635 S14,572

63,521

9.160J2,7871.056J1,73816,373 i

54,36546,1018,282

53,306 j

8,4892,7001,0351,66615,788

44,81338,534

6,2911

17,5635,4202,0373,392

12,14399,54784,78914,761

63,457

9,0472,7611,0281,7466,286

54,41146,041

8,382

53,644

8,5162,6591,0091,6465,857

45,13638,7486.379

17,4915.3412,0373,294

12,150100,06285,32214,701

63,802

9,0822,7441.0371,7006,338

54,70546,305

8,372

53,765

8,4092,5971,0001,5945,812

45,35739,0166,330

17,5615,3862,0743,32212,175

17,5955,4412,0503,38612,155

100,200 100,36485,54114,653

63,893

9,1832,7841,0681.7186,399

54.71546,451

8.262

53,868

8,3782,6031,0071.6045.776

45,48639,0906,391

85,73414,666

64,042

9,2422,8471,0761,7696,395

54,80646,553

8,277

53,909

8,3532,594

9741,6175,759

45,55739,181

6,390

17,6295,4622,0793,372

12,167100,77086,09314,702

64,307

9,2432,8431,0851,7516.400

55.06746,761

8,320

54.087

8,3862,619

9941,6215,767

45,70339,333

6,382

17,6695,5002,1113,384

12.169101,30186,55614,698

64,582

9,1572,8261,0871,7366,331

55,41047,1138,268

54,402

8,5122,6741,0251,6485,838

45,89239,443

6,430

119,543

17,7065,5992,1773,416

12,107101,83887,14214,676

64,796

9,2092,8711,1211,7396,338

55,59547,3588,225

54,747

8.4982.7281.0561,6775,769

46,24239,784

6.452

120,311

17,6735,5692.1993.377

12,105102,65087,88114.808

65,125

9,1722,8141,1301,6926,357

55.96147.716

8,271

55,187

8,5022.7541,0681,6855,747

46,69040,166

6.537

122,088

18,7536,0832,3833,679

12,669103,35688,54714,837

65,942

9,8013,1161,2071,8966,685

56,16148.020

8.162

56,147

8,9512,9681,1761,7835,984

47,19540,527

6,676



D-6. Unemployed persons by age and sex, seasonally adjusted

(In thousands)

Age and sex

Total 16 years and over


16 to 17 years . ..18 to 19 vears

20 to 24 vGars25 years and over

25 to 54 vears55 vears and over

Men 16 years and over

16 to 24 years16 to 19 vears

16 to 17 vears18 to 19 vears


25 to 54 vears .. .55 vears and over

Women 16 years and over

16 to 24 years . .16 to 19 vears


20 to 24 years25 vears and over

25 to 54 vears55 vears and over

1991

I

8,148

2,6851,290

534748

1 3955,4714,888

583

4,645

1,523704305395819

3,1372,769

368

3,502

1 162586229353575

2,3342,119

216

II

8,446

2,7491,290

544756

1,4595,6955,058

612

4,842

1,556723288442833

3,2842,878

389

3,604

1,194567256314626

2,4112,180

222

III

8,424

2,7731,277

573701

1,4955,6515,064

590

4,877

1,583703309391880

3,2832,905

379

3,548

1,190575264310615

2,3682,159

211

IV

8,752

2.8701,305

593717

1,5655,8645.281

614

4,958

1,582709304404873

3,3683,018

370

3,795

1,288596288313692

2,4962,263

244

1992

I

9,200

2,8591,327

580738

1,5326,3525,663

684

5,312

1,659756324428903

3,6713,234

435

3,888

1,201572256311629

2,6812,429

248

II

9,507

2.9191.382

642751

1,5376,5865,784

767

5,485

1,659770358423889

3,8203,313

486

4,022

1,260612284328649

2,7662,471

281

III

9,573

2,9771,395

630758

1.5826,6005.823

786

5,454

1,655788350432867

3,7923,332

466

4,119

1,321607280326714

2,8082.491

319

IV

9,279

2,8331,309

599714

1,5246,4315,745

717

5,292

1,608733332402875

3,6783,252

441

3,987

1,225575268312649

2.7532.493

277

1993

I

8,961

2,8281,329

623697

1,4996,1455,465

670

5,064

1,578736347384842

3.5013,090

409

3,897

1,250593276312658

2,6442,375

262

II

8,906

2,8271,362

605767

1,4656,0735,397

648

5,052

1,605767350427838

3,4373,028

394

3,854

1.222595255340627

2,6352,369

254

III

8,638

2,6511,249

539702

1,4015,9875,313

678

4,923

1,522715307402806

3,3972,966

432

3,715

1.129534232300595

2.5892,347

246

IV

8,402

2,5551,248

553700

1,3075,8385,200

668

4,663

1,434698304394736

3,2262,830

406

3,739

1,121549249306571

2,6122,370

262

1994

I

8,586

2,8431,338

632698

1,5055,7585,058

698

4,697

1,586759355400828

3,1242,731

398

3,888

1,257579278298678

2,6342,327

300



141



D-7. Unemployment rates by age and sex, seasonally adjusted

Age and sex1991

IV

1992

IV

1993

IV

1994
















6.5

12.818.019.417.010.15.35.53.8

6.8

13.818.920.917.511.25.55.74.2

6.2

11.717.117.716.58.95.05.33.3

6.7

13.318.520.217.610.75.45.74.0

7.1

14.320.020.719.911.55.75.94.5

6.3

12.216.819.715.19.85.15.43.4

6.7

13.619.021.917.110.95.45.73.9

7.1

14.720.022.718.112.15.75.94.4

6.2

12.418.021.115.99.65.05.33.2

7.0

14.019.222.117.411.45.65.94.0

7.2

14.720.322.418.912.05.86.14.3

6.6

13.218.121.815.810.75.35.53.7

7.3

14.019.722.217.911.26.06.34.4

7.7

15.521.523.919.712.66.36.64.9

6.8

12.417.720.215.99.75.65.93.7

7.5

14.320.624.018.611.26.26.35.0

7.9

15.421.925.719.912.36.56.75.5

7.0

13.019.122.117.110.05.76.04.3

7.5

14.520.623.318.611.56.26.45.1

7.9

15.322.124.720.111.96.56.75.3

7.1

13.618.921.816.911.05.86.04.8

7.3

13.919.422.617.411.16.06.34.7

7.6

14.820.523.618.512.06.36.55.1

6.9

12.818.221.616.210.15.76.04.2

7.0

13.819.623.117.111.05.76.04.4

7.3

14.620.624.218.011.66.06.24.7

6.7

13.018.521.716.210.25.55.73.9

7.0

13.819.822.318.510.75.75.94.2

7.3

14.921.324.419.711.75.86.04.5

6.6

12.618.219.917.19.75.45.73.8

6.7

13.018.219.817.110.45.65.74.4

7.1

14.219.921.518.811.35.85.95.0

6.4

11.716.418.015.29.35.35.63.7

6.5

12.618.320.117.29.75.45.64.3

6.7

13.519.921.218.910.45.55.64.7

6.3

11.616.618.915.49.05.35.63.9

6.6

13.218.021.015.910.65.35.44.5

13.919.622.717.411.05.35.44.6

6.5

12.316.319.114.310.25.35.44.3



142



D-8. Unemployment rates by occupation, industry, and selected demographic characteristics, seasonally adjusted

Category1991

IV

1992

IV

1993

IV

1994

CHARACTERISTIC

TotalMen, 20 years and overWomen, 20 years and overBoth sexes, 16 to 19 years

WhiteBlack and otherBlackHispanic origin

Married men, spouse presentMarried women, spouse presentWomen who maintain families

OCCUPATION1

Managerial and professional specialtyTechnical, sales, and administrative supportPrecision production, craft, and repairOperators, fabricators, and laborersFarming, forestry, and fishing ,

INDUSTRY

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workersGoods-producing industries

MiningConstructionManufacturing ,


Service-producing industriesTransportation and public utilitiesWholesale and retail tradeFinance, insurance, and real estateServices

Government workersAgricultural wage and salary workers

6.56.15.5

18.0

5.810.912.19.4

4.34.49.1

2.64.97.4

10.77.9

6.88.86.5

14.77.27.86.55.95.07.43.55.53.2

12.3

6.76.45.7

18.5

6.011.112.59.6

4.44.59.2

2.85.27.8

10.77.3

7.09.17.6

15.07.57.96.96.25.47.44.25.83.1

11.4

6.76.45.5

19.0

6.010.912.210.2

4.34.49.0

2.95.08.3

10.27.6

7.08.88.4

15.56.97.16.76.25.17.74.15.83.2

11.2

7.06.55.9

19.2

6.211.512.810.2

4.54.79.3

2.95.38.3

10.47.8

7.39.29.1

16.57.27.17.36.45.67.84.26.03.5

11.7

7.37.06.1

19.7

6.412.413.911.2

4.94.99.4

3.05.79.3

11.27.6

7.69.67.7

17.57.57.67.36.85.58.44.36.43.7

11.0

7.57.26.2

20.6

6.612.814.311.3

5.05.1

10.0

3.15.88.7

11.28.0

7.79.88.1

16.87.87.87.86.95.28.44.56.63.5

12.7

7.57.16.4

20.6

6.612.714.111.7

5.25.1

10.1

3.35.98.6

11.18.6

7.89.88.8

16.57.98.27.67.05.58.74.66.43.4

13.2

7.36.96.2

19.4

6.412.714.111.6

4.95.0

10.0

3.25.88.6

10.68.4

7.69.56.9

15.57.98.37.36.85.78.04.76.73.5

12.7

7.06.66.0

19.6

6.212.313.611.3

4.64.69.8

3.35.48.1

10.18.5

7.38.96.8

14.87.37.27.56.64.97.94.36.43.6

12.2

7.06.55.9

19.8

6.112.113.310.3

4.54.79.7

3.05.58.39.98.0

7.29.08.5

15.07.27.27.26.55.08.04.36.03.3

11.5

6.76.45.8

18.2

5.911.512.610.2

4.44.69.2

2.75.37.9

10.27.8

7.09.06.9

14.97.37.27.56.25.27.54.05.93.2

11.3

6.56.05.7

18.3

5.811.012.010.7

4.14.59.5

2.95.27.39.48.2

6.88.16.9

12.96.76.66.96.25.37.73.75.93.1

11.1

6.65.95.9

18.0

5.711.412.810.2

4.24.49.6

2.85.57.09.49.2

6.97.74.9

13.66.15.57.06.65.18.03.46.53.6

13.9

1 Seasonally adjusted data for service occupations are not availablebecause the seasonal components are small relative to the trend-cycleand/or irregular components and consequently cannot be separated withsufficient precision.

NOTE: Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in theCurrent Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994issue of Employment and Earnings.

143



D-9. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, seasonally adjusted


Reason1991

IV

1992

IV

1993

IV

1994










4,4281,3553,073

9932,020

691

100.054.416.737.812.224.88.5

3.5.8

1.6.6

4,5881,3323,2561,0112,116

743

100.054.215.838.512.025.0

8.8

3.7.8

1.7.6

4,6391,1733,466

9532,066

772

100.055.013.941.111.324.5

9.2

3.7.8

1.7.6

4,8141,2053,609

9622,155

807

100.055.113.841.311.024.7

9.2

3.8.8

1.7

5,2031,2673,936

9362,214

824

100.056.713.842.910.224.1

9.0

4.1.7

1.8.7

5,4251,2534,172

9992,182

904

100.057.113.243.910.522.9

9.5

4.3.8

1.7.7

5,3501,2684,0821,0192,284

954

100.055.713.242.510.623.8

9.9

4.2.8

1.8.7

5,2111,1904,021

9472,232

879

100.056.212.843.410.224.1

9.5

4.1.7

1.8.7

4,8631,0833,780

9722,212

924

100.054.212.142.110.824.710.3

3.8.8

1.7.7

4,8201,1143,705

9632,208

901

100.054.212.541.710.824.810.1

3.8.8

1.7.7

4,8121,1623,650

9082,091

849

100.055.613.442.210.524.1

9.8

3.8.7

1.6.7

4,5551,0803,475

9502,062

823

100.054.312.941.411.324.6

9.8

3.5.7

1.6.6

4,2211,0963,125

8412,928

645

100.048.912.736.2

9.733.9

7.5

3.2.6

2.2.5



D-10. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted


Duration1991

IV

1992

IV

1993

IV

1994


Less than 5 weeks5 to 14 weeks15 weeks and over


Average (mean) duration, in weeks ..Median duration, in weeks


Total unemployedLess than 5 weeks5 to 14 weeks15 weeks and over


3,4502,7141,9931,087

906

12.86.3

100.042.333.324.413.311.1

3,3932,7832,3121,2591,052

13.56.8

100.040.032.827.214.812.4

3,3502,6762,3801,2351,145

14.17.1

100.039.931.828.314.713.6

3,3402,7172,6791,3661,313

14.97.6

100.038.231.130.715.615.0

3,2522,7993,1421,4461,696

16.78.2

100.035.430.534.215.718.5

3,3352,7353,3821,4141,968

18.08.8

100.035.328.935.815.020.8

3,3372,7873,5001,4242,077

18.38.9

100.034.729.036.414.821.6

3,1392,6933,4381,4401,997

18.79.2

100.033.929.137.115.521.5

3,2142,5583,1921,3101,882

18.18.5

100.035.928.535.614.621.0

3,2612,6073,0191,2791,740

17.88.4

100.036.729.334.014.419.6

3,1072,5363,0181,2711,747

18.28.5

100.035.929.334.814.720.2

3,0552,3802,9551,2171,738

18.58.3

100.036.428.435.214.520.7

2,8942,5383,0801,3121,768

18.78.8

100.034.029.836.215.420.8



144



QUARTERLY AVERAGES

D-11. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin


Employment status, sex, and ageTotal

I1993

192,796126,407

65.6116,755

2,746114,008

9,6527.6

66,389

92,21468,800

74.663,0282,188

60,8405,772

8.423,414

85,55465,575

76.660,5312,061

58,4705,044

7.719,979

100,58257,607

57.353,726

55853,1683,880

6.742,975

94,08154,665

58.151,330

53050,8003,335

6.139,416

13,1606,16746.9

4,894155

4,7381,27320.6

6,993

I1994

196,085129,625

66.1120,416

2,964117,450

9,2097.1

66,460

93,97869,986

74.564,6452,249

62,3955,341

7.623,992

86,83366,469

76.561,8812,110

59,7714,589

6.920,364

102,10759,639

58.455,771

71555,0553,868

6.542,468

95,16456,366

59.253,029

67952,3493,336

5.938,799

14,0886,79048.2

5,506175

5,3311,28418.9

7,298

White

I1993

163,438108,060

66.1100,718

2,57198,1477,342

6.855,378

78,80659,514

75.555,0362,042

52,9934,478

7.519,293

73,46656,757

77.352,818

1,92350,8943,939

6.916,709

84,63248,546

57.445,682

52945,1542,864

5.936,086

79,44346,021

57.943,552

50243,0492,469

5.433,421

10,5305,28250.2

4,349145

4,20493417.7

5,248

I1994

165,093109,957

66.6103,037

2,787100,248

6,9206.3

55,136

79,80860,088

75.355,9772,098

53,8794,111

6.819,720

74,09757,054

77.053,521

1,96251,5593,533

6.217,043

85,28549,869

58.547,059

68946,3692,809

5.635,416

79,79747,082

59.044,681

65444,0262,400

5.132,715

11,1995,82152.0

4,834171

4,66398717.0

5,378

Black

I1993

22,18613,705

61.811,794

11611,6781,91113.9

8,481

10,0056,82468.2

5,766100

5,6671,05815.5

3,180

8,9676,45071.9

5,55594

5,46189613.9

2,516

12,1816,88056.5

6,02816

6,01185212.4

5,301

11,1356,55858.9

5,83215

5,81772611.1

4,576

2,08469633.4407

840028941.5

1,389

I1994

22,74914,269

62.712,402

9212,3101,86713.1

8,481

10,1956,93968.1

5,95780

5,87798214.2

3,255

9,1176,57072.1

5,73777

5,65983312.7

2,547

12,5557,32958.4

6,44512

6,43388512.1

5,225

11,4376,95260.8

6,17312

6,16178011.2

4,485

2,19574634.0492

249025434.0

1,449

Hispanic origin

I1993

15,54210,200

65.68,961

4278,5341,24012.2

5,341

7,7216,16079.8

5.390390

4,99977012.5

1,561

6,9555,78783.2

5,135366

4,76965111.3

1,169

7,8214,04051.7

3,57137

3,53447011.6

3,781

7,0753,78653.5

3,38634

3,35240110.6

3,289

1,51162841.5440

27412188

30.0883

I1994

17,89511,733

65.610,436

4779,9571,29811.1

6,162

8,9987,10378.9

6,314432

5,88278911.1

1,895

8,0766,65882.4

5,982409

5,57367610.1

1,419

8,8984,63052.0

4,12245

4,07550911.0

4,268

8,0174,34554.2

3,90843

3,86443710.1

3,671

1,803730

40.554525

520185

25.31,072

TOTAL





Not in labor force






Not in labor force


Civilian noninstitutionai populationCivilian labor force




Not in labor force






Not in labor force






Not in labor force






Not in labor force

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will notsum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presentedand Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier

years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the CurrentPopulation Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue ofEmployment and Earnings.

145


HOUSEHOLD DATANOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTEDQUARTERLY AVERAGES

D-12. Employment status of the Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin population by sex and age


Employment status, sex, and ageTotal Hispanic origin1

I1993

I1994

Mexican origin Puerto Rican origin Cuban originI

1993I

1994I

1993I

1994I

1993I

1994

TOTAL





Not in labor force






Not in labor force






Not in labor force






Not in labor force






Not in labor force


Civilian noninstitutional populationCivilian labor force ...




Not in labor force

15,54210,200

65.68,961

4278,5341,24012.2

5,341

7,7216,16079.8

5,390390

4,99977012.5

1,561

6,9555,78783.2

5,135366

4,76965111.3

1,169

7,8214,04051.7

3,57137

3,53447011.6

3,781

7,0753,78653.5

3,38634

3,35240110.6

3,289

1,51162841.5440

27412188

30.0883

17,89511,733

65.610,436

4779,9571,29811.1

6,162

8,9987,10378.9

6,314432

5,88278911.1

1,895

8,0766,65882.4

5,982409

5,57367610.1

1,419

8,8984,63052.0

4,12245

4,07550911.0

4,268

8,0174,345

54.23,908

433,864

43710.1

3,671

1,80373040.554525

520185

25.31,072

9,4786,30566.5

5,547366

5,18075812.0

3,173

4,8483,95181.5

3,470333

3,13848012.2897

4,3443,68684.9

3,281311

2,97040711.0656

4,6312,35450.8

2,07634

2,04327811.8

2,276

4,1252,16852.6

1,93832

1,90723010.6

1,957

1,01044944.532724

304122

27.1561

10,8547,31267.4

6,479440

6,03883311.4

3,542

5,6574,60681.4

4,092395

3,69751411.1

1,052

5,0624,29084.8

3,852373

3,47943810.2772

5,1972,70652.1

2,38745

2,34131911.8

2,490

4,6282,52854.6

2,25743

2,21327110.7

2,100

1,16449442.437024

346124

25.1670

1,61493257.7785

1177414715.7682

72451070.5422

1041288

17.3214

626 !468 j74.8402

1039266

14.2158

89042247.4363

1362

5913.9468

80140250.2350

134952

12.9399

18761

33.033

3328

46.0125

1,8521,00754.4892

288911511.4845

69951073.0455

245355

10.7189

1,03042643.9407

407459.9578

93342645.7390

390358.3507

22071

32.246

4625

35.1150

97257459.1528

6522468.1

398

82255567.54852

48270

12.7267

46533371.73056

299298.6132

43531472.3291

6286227.2121

50724147.5223

22318

7.4266

47723148.4216

21614

6.3246

6029

48.720

209

31

98757858.6535

7528437.4

409

47432167.8298

7291247.3153

44431069.9289

7283216.7134

51325650.0237

23719

7.6256

49225351.4234

23419

7.3239

5115

114

36

1 Includes persons of Central or South American origin and of otherHispanic origin, not shown separately.


and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in theCurrent Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994issue oiEmp/oyment and Earnings.

146



QUARTERLY AVERAGES

D-13. Employed white, black, and Hispanic-origin workers by sex, occupation, class of worker, and full- or part-time status

(In thousands)

Category

Total

I1993

I1994

White

I1993

I1994

Black

I1993

I1994

Hispanic origin

I1993

I1994

SEX

Total (all civilian workers)MenWomen

OCCUPATION








CLASS OF WORKER


Nonagricultural industries:Wage and salary workers

GovernmentPrivate industries


Self-employed workersUnpaid family workers


Full-time workersPart-time workers

116,75563,02853,726

32,11015,20416,906

36,3654,06413,84418,457

16,261837

2,20013,224

12,5594,2114,5083,841

16,6317,3494,8114,471570

3,901

2,828

1,3711,269106

105,09018,61386,4771,008

85,4698,695224

95,88820,867

120,41664,64555,771

33,24415,64417,600

37,0593,88914,50618,664

16,863817

2,22013,826

13,0794,3884,6114,079

17,1147,4765,0114,628576

4,052

3,055

1,4211,495

48

108,37218,38789,984

93189,0548,945134

96,48623,930

100,71855,03645,682

28,78013,77615,003

31,6933,47812,45315,762

12,778646

1,77310,359

11,2663,7974,1433,326

13,6145,9713,9703,673469

3,203

2,588

1,2331,232106

90,02915,09674,932

77674,1567,925193

82,42918,289

103,03755,97747,059

29,53014,00515,525

32,0853,30212,95415,829

13,141640

1,72010,781

11,5363,9094,1183,509

13,8876,0134,1223,752456

3,296

2,855

1,2801,460

47

92,01414,77477,240

72076,5208,122112

82,17620,860

11,7945,7666,028

2,089932

1,157

3,370411923

2,036

2,790155377

2,258

939319286334

2,4351,02771369686610

170

9818

11,2262,7798,447189

8,257444

7

9,9541,840

12,4025,9576,445

2,2661,0241,243

3,541407

1,0232,112

2,924147444

2,334

1,057336362360

2,4961,046730720100620

117

7516

11,8352,8468,989179

8,810472

3

10,2122,190

8,9615,3903,571

1,200617583

2,343206838

1,299

1,766162156

1,448

1,149332443373

2,0001,031381588106482

502

366

8,0601,0916,969199

6,77146013

7,5031,458

10,4366,3144,122

1,451744707

2,570173959

1,438

2,127217184

1,727

1,372374542456

2,3871,132464790130660

528

39879

9,4491,1748,275

2378,038

49712

8,4811,955



147



D-14. Employed Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban-origin workers by sex, occupation, class of worker, and full- or part-timestatus

(In thousands)

Category

Total Hispanicorigin1

1993 1994

Mexican origin

1993I

1994

Puerto Ricanorigin

1993 1994

Cuban origin

1993 1994

SEX

Total (all civilian workers)MenWomen

OCCUPATION

Managerial and professional specialty ,Executive, administrative, and managerialProfessional specialty







CLASS OF WORKER


Nonagricultural industries:Wage and salary workers

GovernmentPrivate industries


Self-employed workersUnpaid family workers


Full-time workersPart time workers

8,9615,3903,571

1,200617583

2,343206838

1,299

1,766162156

1,448

1,149332443373

2,0001,031

381588106482

502

36661

8,0601,0916,969199

6,77146013

7,5031,458

10,4366,3144,122

1,451744707

2,570173959

1,438

2,127217184

1,727

1,372374542456

2,3871,132464790130660

528

39879

9,4491,1748,275237

8,03849712

8,4811,955

5,5473,4702,076

614300314

1,391117506768

1,0298281

866

770210310250

1,315659242414

77338

428

32937

4,924675

4,249109

4,140248

8

4,627919

6,4794,0922,387

778408370

1,48486

552846

1,24512189

1,035

908226373309

1,589751269569102660

474

37762

5,753721

5,032135

4,897275

10

5,2621,217

785422363

1356768

2492075

154

1724

31136

79311731

1427232383

35

9

750146603

759624

1

674111

892485407

1728785

2672478

165

1865

31150

102453027

1607442446

467

846162684

5680

43

724167

528305223

1116743

167116097

7836

69

59192416

102413921

319

11

47442

4323

42947

1

44880

535298237

1136945

185107798

904

2066

50261311

274516

37

8

48040

4404

43648

45085

1 Includes persons of Central or South American origin and of otherHispanic origin, not shown separately.



148



QUARTERLY AVERAGES

D-15. Employed persons by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin

(In thousands)

Age and sex

Total

1993 1994

White

1993I

1994

Black

1993 1994

Hispanic origin

I1993

I1994

Total, 16 years and over.




Men, 16 years and over 63,028



25 to 54 years55 years and over...

Women, 16 years and over .


20 to 24 years25 years and over ...

25 to 54 years55 years and over.

116,755

4,8941,7913,103

11,803100,05885,47814,580

2,497906

1,5916,136

54,39546,1578,238

53,726

2,396884

1,5125,667

45,66339,3216,341

120,416

5,5062,0953,411

12,289102,62187,90714,714

64,645

2,7641,0281,7366.407

55,47447,3918,083

55,771

2,7421,0671,6755,882

47,14840,516

6,632

100,718

4,3491,6182,731

10,12086,24973,37612,874

55,036

2,218819

1,3995,291

47,52740,159

7,368

45,682

2,131798

1,3324,830

38,72233,217

5,505I

103,037

4,8341,8642,970

10,39387,80974,72513,085

55,977

2,456928

1,5285,461

48,06140,772

7,288

47,059

2,378936

1,4424,933

39,74933,952

5,797

11,794

407132275

1,25610,1318,8591,272

5,766

21269

143611

4,9444,304

640

6,028

19663

132645

5,1874,555

632

12,402

492176317

1,35110,5589,3601,198

5,957

22070

150648

5,0884,529

560

6,445

272106166703

5,4704,832

638

8,961

440116324

1,2507,2716,602

5,390

25565

190765

4,3703,986

384

3,571

18551

134485

2,9012,616

285

10,436

545146399

1,6058,2857,536

749

6,314

33289

243994

4,9884,578

410

4,122

21357

157611

3,2972,958

339



D-16. Unemployment rates by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin

Age and sex

Total

1993 1994

White

1993 1994

Black

I1993 1994

Hispanic origin

I1993

I1994









Women, 16 years and over ..




7.6

20.624.018.611.86.46.64.8

8.4

22.626.420.213.57.07.35.3

6.7

18.521.316.89.85.65.94.1

7.1

18.921.517.211.35.86.04.9

7.6

21.424.519.512.86.26.35.2

6.5

16.218.414.89.75.45.64.4

6.8

17.721.715.19.95.86.04.5

7.5

19.623.317.211.56.46.74.8

5.9

15.619.912.88.15.05.24.1

6.3

17.019.915.09.85.25.34.8

6.8

19.122.916.511.45.65.75.1

5.6

14.716.713.38.04.74.84.4

13.9

41.542.441.024.010.811.46.6

15.5

43.447.741.127.211.912.38.9

12.4

39.235.141.020.7

9.710.44.1

13.1

34.035.233.322.410.411.05.5

14.2

40.340.840.124.011.011.66.0

12.1

27.830.925.720.89.8

10.45.0

12.2

30.041.724.615.210.210.66.7

12.5

31.941.527.815.410.510.86.7

11.6

27.241.919.314.79.8

10.26.7

11.1

25.335.120.911.89.89.99.0

11.1

25.436.420.411.49.99.8

11.1

11.0

25.133.121.712.69.6

10.06.4



149



D-17. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin


Reasons

Total

I1993 1994

White

1993I

1994

Black

I1993 1994

Hispanic origin

I1993

I1994


Total unemployedJob losers and persons who completed temporary jobs .










9,6525,6401,4544,18600972

2,228812

100.058.415.143.410.123.18.4

4.5.81.8.6

9,2094,8871,4733,4142,556859842

2,948532

100.053.116.037.19.1

32.05.8

3.8.6

2.3.4

7,3424,4341,2533,18100763

1,612533

100.060.417.143.310.422.07.3

4.1.71.5.5

6,9203,8961,2592,6372,000637679

1,996349

100.056.318.238.19.8

28.85.0

3.0.61.8.3

1,911997168830OO171516226

100.052.28.843.49.027.011.8

7.31.23.81.6

1,867802172630437193123796145

100.043.09.2

33.76.6

42.77.8

4.3.9

5.61.0

1,240746131614OO120255119

100.060.110.649.59.720.69.6

7.31.22.51.2

1,29871917554437716782

40394

100.055.413.541.96.331.07.2

4.7.7

3.4.8

1 Not available.NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not

sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presentedand Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.

Data for 1994 are not directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlieryears. For additional information, see "Revisions in the CurrentPopulation Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994 issue ofEmployment and Earnings.

D-18. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin


Duration

Total

I1993

I1994

White

I1993

I1994

Black

1993I

1994

Hispanic origin

I1993

I1994


Total, 16 years and overLess than 5 weeks5 to 14 weeks15 weeks and over15 to 26 weeks27 weeks and over

Average (mean) duration, in weeks

Median duration, in weeks


Total unemployedLess than 5 weeks5 to 14 weeks15 weeks and over15 to 26 weeks27 weeks and over

9,6523,1992,9333,5201,5521,968

18.49.3

100.033.130.436.516.120.4

9,2092,9022,9113,3961,5491,847

19.09.8

100.031.531.636.916.820.1

7,3422,4602,2892,5941,1931,400

17.89.1

100.033.531.235.316.319.1

6,9202,2812,2102,4291,1521,277

17.99.2

100.033.031.935.116.718.4

1,911600533778309469

20.310.5

100.031.427.940.716.224.5

1,867497566784320464

22.311.8

100.026.631.442.017.224.8

1,240445366430215215

16.58.7

100.035.929.534.617.317.3

1,298397430471232238

18.3100

100.030.633.236.317.918.4



150



QUARTERLY DATA

D-19. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics

Characteristic

Number of workers(in thousands)

I1993 1994

Median weekly earnings

I1993

I1994

SEX AND AGE




RACE, HISPANIC ORIGIN, AND SEX

WhiteMenWomen

BlackMenWomen

Hispanic originMenWomen

82,929

46,6914,950

41,741

36,2393,940

32,299

70,54640,43430,112

9,3944,6584,736

6,8114,2712,540

84,587

47,8895,138

42,752

36,6984,100

32,597

71,24741,05530,193

9,7284,8394,889

7,9735,0992,874

$460

513289552

395283413

476529401

374396349

324345304

$469

529291578

399274420

485555408

367401337

321345294

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will notsum to totals because data for the "other races" group are notpresented and Hispanics are included in both the white and blackpopulation groups. Publication of data on family relationship has beentemporarily suspended due to editing and weighting problems associated

with the redesigned survey. Data for 1994 are not directly comparablewith data for 1993 and earlier years. For additional information, see"Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" inthe February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.

151



D-20. Median weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics

Characteristic


1993 1994


1993 1994

SEX AND AGE




RACE, HISPANIC ORIGIN, AND SEX

WhiteMenWomen

BlackMen ,Women ,

Hispanic originMenWomen

19,899

6,6043,3813,224

13,2944,0019,293

17,2495,516

11,733

1,855756

1,099

1,432599833

20,888

6,9533,5863,367

13,9364,2799,656

18,0165,893

12,123

2,059716

1,342

1,781763

1,019

$130

121100158

13597

156

130120135

123124123

128123131

$130

12097

170

13597

159

131119137

126143119

124120127

NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will notsum to totals because data for the "other races" group are notpresented and Hispanics are included in both the white and blackpopulation groups. Publication of data on family relationship has beentemporarily suspended due to editing and weighting problems associated

with the redesigned survey. Data for 1994 are not directly comparablewith data for 1993 and earlier years. For additional information, see"Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" inthe February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.

152



QUARTERLY DATA

D-21. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and sex

Occupation and sex


1993 1994


1993 1994

TOTAL





Operators, fabricators, and laborersMachine operators, assemblers, and inspectorsTransportation and material moving occupationsHandlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .


Men







Women







23,99311,60912,38425,0263,3607,46014,2079,182266

1,9666,9509,9563,5992,9663,39113,5416,7713,6173,1531,231

12,3526,5205,8329,3181,7944,3373,1864,666

151,6642,9879,1253,4692,9442,71210,1454,1253,3762,6441,085

11,6425,0896,55215,7081,5663,12211,0204,516251302

3,96383113022

6783,3962,647240509146

24,67111,93112,74025,1873,2367,98913,9629,063309

1,7447,01010,5803,7773,1773,62514,0136,8563,9793,1791,073

12,5656,4206,1459,4781,7284,5793,1714,495

91,4892,9979,6243,6473,1242,85310,7674,3623,7592,646961

12,1065,5116,59515,7091,5083,41010,7914,568300254

4,01495613053

7733,2462,494219533113

$666659673416537450390293182502268501517488491359340444308261

784785782527627529489350

0511285513516'489537395398454314267

580543596375466335373258180413258323544

O308289284378289230

$683665698423548467391286174508266501508492502366355454307283

803804801556667577485343

0523294515512493574399407462316287

591540618376454344372249175426250344427

O327291291349277256


and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions in the


153



D-22. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age


Veteran status and age

Civiliannoninstitutional

population

1993I

1994


Total

1993I

1994

Employed

1993 1994

Unemployed

Number

I1993 1994


1993 1994

VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS



55 years and over

NONVETERANS

Total, 40 to 54 years40 to 44 years45 to 49 years50 to 54 years

7,0946,3012,4212,8451,034

792

15,0266,5764,4853,964

7,3986,5322,0073,1731,352

865

15,8137,2494,6453,919

6,3105,8512,2552,653

943459

13,5756,1034,0783,394

6,4955,9981,8422,9401,216

497

14,2536,7164,1503,386

5,9615,5232,1072,524

891437

12,7265,7503,8023,174

6,1905,7091,7232,8291,158

480

13,4866,3573,9273,202

3503291491285220

848354275220

3052891191115817

767359224184

5.55.66.64.85.54.4

6.25.86.86.5

4.74.86.53.84.83.3

5.45.35.45.4

NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the ArmedForces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans are menwho have never served in the Armed Forces. Data for 1994 are not

directly comparable with data for 1993 and earlier years. For additionalinformation, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey EffectiveJanuary 1994" in the February 1994 issue of Employment and Earnings.

D-23. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, race, and Hispanic origin


Employment status and age

Veterans

White

I1993 1994

Black

I1993 1994

Hispanic origin

I1993

I1994

Nonveterans

White

1993 1994

Black

1993 1994

Hispanic origin

I1993

I1994

Total, 40 to 54 years

Civilian noninstitutional populationCivilian labor force ,..

EmployedUnemployed

Unemployment rate

40 to 44 years


EmployedUnemployed

Unemployment rate

45 to 49 years


EmployedUnemployed

Unemployment rate

50 to 54 years


EmployedUnemployed

Unemployment rate

5,6885,3115,027

2835.3

2,1702,0361,911

1246.1

2,5902,4202.308

1124.6

928855

475.5

5,7425,3185,074

2444.6

1,7231,6021,503

996.2

2,8172.6292,536

933.5

1,2021,0871,036

514.7

506446412

368.1

21418816722

11.6

202184174

105.3

9075714

5.2

645556522

346.2

228195179

168.3

288251239

135.1

129110105

54.7

230212191209.4

1018982

78.1

10197

1111.7

2926242

0

244229216

135.8

999590

55.5

117109102

65.7

2826242

0

12,73011,66911,003

6665.7

5,5855,2594,988

2715.2

3.8233,5213,299

2236.3

3,3222,8892,716

1736.0

13,31912,16811,597

5714.7

6,1345,7435,492

2514.4

3,8973,5503,378

1734.9

3,2882,8752,728

1485.1

1,5641,2511,113

13811.0

67155749364

11.5

463381345

369.5

430313275

3812.2

1,6551,3371,202

13510.1

77867058882

12.2

481361328

339.2

397306286

206.6

1,4361,2571,112

14611.6

566505455

5110.0

466409357

5212.6

404344300

4312.5

1,5791,3691,232

13710.0

67261656650

8.1

496411358

5312.8

411342307

3510.2

1 Data not shown where base is less than 60,000.NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the Armed

Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans are men whohave never served in the Armed Forces. Detail for the above race andHispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other

races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the whiteand black population groups. Data for 1994 are not directly comparable withdata for 1993 and earlier years. For additional information, see "Revisions inthe Current Population Survey Effective January 1994" in the February 1994issue of Employment and Earnings.

154


Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error

Introduction

The statistics in this periodical are compiled from twomajor sources: (1) household interviews, and (2) reportsfrom employers.

Data based on household interviews are obtained fromthe Current Population Survey (CPS), a sample survey ofthe population 16 years of age and over. The survey isconducted each month by the Bureau of the Census for theBureau of Labor Statistics and provides comprehensivedata on the labor force, the employed, and the unem-ployed, classified by such characteristics as age, sex, race,family relationship, marital status, occupation, andindustry attachment. The survey also provides data on thecharacteristics and past work experience of those not inthe labor force. The information is collected by trainedinterviewers from a sample of about 60,000 householdslocated in 729 sample areas. These areas are chosen torepresent all counties and independent cities in the U.S.,with coverage in 50 States and the District of Columbia.The data collected are based on the activity or statusreported for the calendar week including the 12th of themonth.

Data based on establishment records are compiled eachmonth from mail questionnaires and telephone interviewsby the Bureau of Labor Statistics, in cooperation withState agencies. The Current Employment Statistics (CES)survey is designed to provide industry information onnonfarm wage and salary employment, average weeklyhours, average hourly earnings, and average weeklyearnings for the Nation, States, and metropolitan areas.The employment, hours, and earnings series are based onpayroll reports from a sample of over 370,000 establish-ments employing over 45 million nonfarm wage and salaryworkers. The data relate to all workers, full or part time,who receive pay during the payroll period which includesthe 12th of the month.

RELATION BETWEEN THE HOUSEHOLD ANDESTABLISHMENT SERIES

The household and establishment data complement oneanother, each providing significant types of informationthat the other cannot suitably supply. Population charac-teristics, for example, are obtained only from the

household survey, whereas detailed industrial classifica-tions are much more reliably derived from establishmentreports.

Data from these two sources differ from each otherbecause of variations in definitions and coverage, source ofinformation, methods of collection, and estimatingprocedures. Sampling variability and response errors areadditional reasons for discrepancies. The major factorswhich have a differential effect on the levels and trends ofthe two data series are as follows.

EmploymentCoverage. The household survey definition of employmentcomprises wage and salary workers (including domesticsand other private household workers), self-employedpersons, and unpaid workers who worked 15 hours ormore during the reference week in family-operatedenterprises. Employment in both agricultural and non-agricultural industries is included. The payroll surveycovers only wage and salary employees on the payrolls ofnonfarm establishments.

Multiple job holding. The household survey providesinformation on the work status of the population withoutduplication, since each person is classified as employed,unemployed, or not in the labor force. Employed personsholding more than one job are counted only once. In thefigures based on establishment reports, persons whoworked in more than one establishment during thereporting period are counted each time their names appearon payrolls.

Unpaid absences from jobs. The household survey includesamong the employed all civilians who had jobs but werenot at work during the reference week —that is, were notworking but had jobs from which they were temporarilyabsent because of illness, vacation, bad weather, childcareproblems, labor-management disputes, or because theywere taking time off for various other reasons, even if theywere not paid by their employers for the time off. In thefigures based on payroll reports, persons on leave paid forby the company are included, but those on leave withoutpay for the entire payroll period are not.

156


Hours of workThe household survey measures hours worked for all

workers whereas the payroll survey measures hours forprivate production and nonsupervisory workers paid forby employers. In the household survey, all persons with ajob but not at work are excluded from the hours distribu-tions and the computations of average hours at work. Inthe payroll survey, production or nonsupervisory em-ployees on paid vacation, paid holiday, or paid sick leaveare included and assigned the number of hours for whichthey were paid during the reporting period.

EarningsThe household survey measures the earnings of wage

and salary workers in all occupations and industries inboth the private and public sectors. Data refer to the usualearnings received from the worker's sole or primary job.Data from the establishment survey generally refer toaverage earnings of production and related workers inmining and manufacturing, construction workers inconstruction, and nonsupervisory employees in privateservice-producing industries. For a comprehensive discus-sion of the various earnings series available from thehousehold and establishment surveys, see BLS Measuresof Compensation, BLS Bulletin 2239 (1986).

COMPARABILITY OF HOUSEHOLD DATA WITHOTHER SERIES

Unemployment insurance data. The unemployed totalfrom the household survey includes all persons who didnot have a job during the reference week, were currentlyavailable for a job, and were looking for work or werewaiting to be called back to a job from which they had beenlaid off, whether or not they were eligible for unemploy-ment insurance. Figures on unemployment insuranceclaims, prepared by the Employment and TrainingAdministration of the U.S. Department of Labor, exclude,in addition to otherwise ineligible persons who do not fileclaims for benefits, persons who have exhausted theirbenefit rights, new workers who have not earned rights tounemployment insurance, and persons losing jobs notcovered by unemployment insurance systems (someworkers in agriculture, domestic services, and religiousorganizations, and self-employed and unpaid familyworkers).

In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemploy-ment compensation differ from the definition of unem-ployment used in the household survey. For example,persons with a job but not at work and persons workingonly a few hours during the week are sometimes eligible forunemployment compensation but are classified as

employed rather than unemployed in the householdsurvey.

For an examination of the similarities and differencesbetween State insured unemployment and total unemploy-ment, see "Measuring Total and State Insured Unemploy-ment" by Gloria P. Green in the June 1971 issue of theMonthly Labor Review.

Agricultural employment estimates of the U.S. Departmentof Agriculture. The principal differences in coverage arethe inclusion of persons under 16 in the NationalAgricultural Statistics Service series and the treatment ofdual jobholders, who are counted more than once if theywork on more than one farm during the reporting period.There are also wide differences in sampling techniques anddata collecting and estimating methods, which cannot bereadily measured in terms of their impact on differences inthe levels and trends of the two series.

COMPARABILITY OF PAYROLL EMPLOYMENTDATA WITH OTHER SERIES

Statistics on manufacturers and business, Bureau of theCensus. BLS establishment statistics on employment differfrom employment counts derived by the Bureau of theCensus from its censuses or sample surveys of manufactur-ing and business establishments. The major reasons fornoncomparability are different treatment of business unitsconsidered parts of an establishment, such as centraladministrative offices and auxiliary units; the industrialclassification of establishments; and different reportingpatterns by multiunit companies. There are also differ-ences in the scope of the industries covered, e.g., theCensus of Business excludes professional services, publicutilities, and financial establishments, whereas these areincluded in the BLS statistics.

County Business Patterns, Bureau of the Census. Data inCounty Business Patterns (CBP) differ from BLS establish-ment statistics in the treatment of central administrativeoffices and auxiliary units. Differences may also arise be-cause of industrial classification and reporting practices.In addition, CBP excludes interstate railroads and most ofgovernment, and coverage is incomplete for some of thenonprofit agencies.

Employment covered by State unemployment insuranceprograms. Most nonfarm wage and salary workers arecovered by the unemployment insurance programs.However, some employees, such as those working inparochial schools and churches, are not covered byunemployment insurance, whereas they are included inthe BLS establishment statistics.

157


Household Data("A" tables, monthly; "D" tables, quarterly)

COLLECTION AND COVERAGE

Statistics on the employment status of the populationand related data are compiled by BLS using data from theCurrent Population Survey (CPS). This monthly survey ofhouseholds is conducted for BLS by the Bureau of theCensus through a scientifically selected sample designedto represent the civilian noninstitutional population.Respondents are interviewed to obtain information aboutthe employment status of each member of the household16 years of age and over. The inquiry relates to activity orstatus during the calendar week, Sunday through Satur-day, which includes the 12th day of the month. This isknown as the "reference week." Actual field interviewingis conducted in the following week, referred to as the"survey week."

Each month about 60,000 occupied units are eligible forinterview. Some 2,600 of these households are contactedbut interviews are not obtained because the occupants arenot at home after repeated calls or are unavailable forother reasons. This represents a noninterview rate for thesurvey that ranges between 4 and 5 percent. In addition tothe 60,000 occupied units, there are 11,500 sample units inan average month which are visited but found to be vacantor otherwise not eligible for enumeration. Part of thesample is changed each month. The rotation plan, asexplained later, provides for three-fourths of the sample tobe common from one month to the next, and one-half to becommon with the same month a year earlier.

CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS

The concepts and definitions underlying labor forcedata have been modified, but not substantially altered,since the inception of the survey in 1940; those in use as ofJanuary 1994 are as follows:

Civilian noninstitutional population. Included are persons16 years of age and older residing in the 50 States and theDistrict of Columbia who are not inmates of institutions(e.g., penal and mental facilities, homes for the aged), andwho are not on active duty in the Armed Forces.

Employed persons. All persons who, during the referenceweek, (a) did any work at all (at least 1 hour) as paidemployees in their own business, profession, or on theirown farm, or who worked 15 hours or more as unpaidworkers in an enterprise operated by a member of thefamily, and (b) all those who were not working but whohad jobs or businesses from which they were temporarilyabsent because of vacation, illness, bad weather, childcare

problems, maternity or paternity leave, labor-manage-ment dispute, job training, or other family or personalreasons, whether or not they were paid for the time off orwere seeking other jobs.

Each employed person is counted only once, even if he orshe holds more than one job. For purposes of occupationand industry classification, multiple jobholders arecounted in the job at which they worked the greatestnumber of hours during the reference week.

Included in the total are employed citizens of foreigncountries who are temporarily in the United States but notliving on the premises of an embassy. Excluded arepersons whose only activity consisted of work around theirown house (painting, repairing, or own home housework)or volunteer work for religious, charitable, and otherorganizations.

Unemployed persons. All persons who had no employmentduring the reference week, were available for work, exceptfor temporary illness, and had made specific efforts to findemployment some time during the 4-week period endingwith the reference week. Persons who were waiting to berecalled to a job from which they had been laid off need nothave been looking for work to be classified as unemployed.

Duration of unemployment. This represents the length oftime (through the current reference week) that personsclassified as unemployed had been looking for work. Forpersons on layoff, duration of unemployment representsthe number of full weeks they had been on layoff. Meanduration is the arithmetic average computed from singleweeks of unemployment; median duration is the midpointof a distribution of weeks of unemployment.

Reason for unemployment. Unemployment is also catego-rized according to the status of individuals at the time theybegan to look for work. The reasons for unemployment aredivided into five major groups: (1) Job losers, comprised of(a) persons on temporary layoff who have been given adate to return to work or who expect to return within 6months (persons on layoff need not be looking for work toqualify as unemployed), and (b) permanent job losers,whose employment ended involuntarily and who beganlooking for work; (2) Job leavers are persons who quit orotherwise terminated their employment voluntarily andimmediately began looking for work; (3) Persons whocompleted temporary jobs, who began looking for workafter the jobs ended; (4) Reentrants are persons whopreviously worked but were out of the labor force prior tobeginning their job search; (5) New entrants are persons

158


who never worked. Each of these five categories of theunemployed can be expressed as a proportion of the entirecivilian labor force; the sum of the four rates thus equalsthe unemployment rate for all civilian workers. (Forstatistical presentation purposes, "job losers" and "per-sons who completed temporary jobs" are combined into asingle category until seasonal adjustments can be deve-loped for the separate categories.)

Jobseekers. All unemployed persons who made specificefforts to find a job sometime during the 4-week periodpreceding the survey week are classified as jobseekers.Jobseekers do not include persons classified as ontemporary layoff, who although often looking for work,are not required to do so to be classified as unemployed.Jobseekers are grouped by the methods used to seek work.Only active methods — which have the potential to resultin a job offer without further action on the part of thejobseeker — qualify as job search. Examples include goingto an employer directly or to a public or privateemployment agency, seeking assistance from friends orrelatives, placing or answering ads, or using some otheractive method. Examples of the "other" category includebeing on a union or professional register, obtainingassistance from a community organization, or waiting at adesignated labor pickup point. Passive methods, which donot qualify as job search, include reading (as opposed toanswering or placing) "help wanted" ads and taking a jobtraining course.

Labor force. This group comprises all persons classified asemployed or unemployed in accordance with the criteriadescribed above.

Unemployment rate. The unemployment rate representsthe number unemployed as a percent of the labor force.

Participation rate. This represents the proportion of thepopulation that is in the labor force.

Employment-population ratio. This represents the propor-tion of the population that is employed.

Not in the labor force. Included in this group are allpersons in the civilian noninstitutional population who areneither employed nor unemployed. Information is col-lected on their desire for and availability to take a job at thetime of the CPS interview, job search activity in the prioryear, and reason for not looking in the 4-week period priorto the survey week. This group includes discouragedworkers, defined as persons not in the labor force who wantand are available for a job and who have looked for worksometime in the past 12 months (or since the end of theirlast job if they held one within the past 12 months), but arenot currently looking, because they believe there are no

jobs available or there are none for which they wouldqualify.

Persons classified as not in the labor force who are in thesample for either their fourth or eighth month are askedadditional questions relating to job history and workseek-ing intentions. These latter data are available on aquarterly basis.

Occupation, industry, and class of worker. This informa-tion for the employed applies to the job held in thereference week. Persons with two or more jobs areclassified in the job at which they worked the greatestnumber of hours. The unemployed are classified accordingto their last job. The occupational and industrialclassification of CPS data is based on the coding systemsused in the 1990 census.

The class-of-worker breakdown assigns workers to thefollowing categories: Private and government wage andsalary workers, self-employed workers, and unpaid familyworkers. Wage and salary workers receive wages, salary,commissions, tips, or pay in kind from a private employeror from a government unit. Self-employed persons arethose who work for profit or fees in their own business,profession, trade, or farm. Only the unincorporatedself-employed are included in the self-employed categoryin the class of worker typology. Self-employed personswho respond that their businesses are incorporated areincluded among wage and salary workers, becausetechnically, they are paid employees of a corporation.Unpaid family workers are persons working without payfor 15 hours a week or more on a farm or in a businessoperated by a member of the household to whom they arerelated by birth or marriage.

Multiple jobholders. These are employed persons who,during the reference week, had either two or more jobs as awage and salary worker, were self-employed and also helda wage and salary job, or worked as an unpaid familyworker and also held a wage and salary job. A personemployed only in private households (cleaner, gardener,babysitter, etc.) who worked for two or more employersduring the reference week is not counted as a multiplejobholder, since working for several employers isconsidered an inherent characteristic of private householdwork. Also excluded are self-em ployed persons withmultiple businesses and persons with multiple jobs asunpaid family workers.

Hours of work. These statistics relate to the actual numberof hours worked during the reference week. For example,persons who normally work 40 hours a week but were offon the Columbus Day holiday would be reported asworking 32 hours, even though they were paid for theholiday. For persons working in more than one job, thepublished figures relate to the number of hours worked inall jobs during the week; all the hours are credited to the

159


major job. Unpublished data are available for the hoursworked in each job and for usual hours.

At work part time for economic reasons. Sometimesreferred to as involuntary part time, this category refers toindividuals who gave an economic reason for working 1 to34 hours during the reference week. Economic reasonsinclude slack work or unfavorable business conditions,inability to find full-time work, and seasonal declines indemand. Those who usually work part time must alsoindicate that they want and are available to work full timeto be classified as on part time for economic reasons.

At work part time for noneconomic reasons. This groupincludes those persons who usually work part time andwere at work 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for anoneconomic reason. Noneconomic reasons include, forexample: illness or other medical limitations, childcareproblems or other family or personal obligations, school ortraining, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings,and being in a job where full-time work is less than 35hours. The group also includes those who gave aneconomic reason for usually working 1 to 34 hours but saidthey do not want to work full time or were unavailable forsuch work.

Usual full- or part-time status. Data on persons "at work"exclude persons who were temporarily absent from a joband therefore classified in the zero-hours-worked cate-gory, "with a job but not at work." These are persons whowere absent from their jobs for the entire week for suchreasons as bad weather, vacation, illness, or involvementin a labor dispute. In order to differentiate a person'snormal schedule from their activity during the referenceweek, persons are also classified according to their usualfull- or part-time status. In this context, full-time workersare those who usually worked 35 hours or more (at all jobscombined). This group will include some individuals whoworked less than 35 hours in the reference week for eithereconomic or noneconomic reasons and those who aretemporarily absent from work. Similarly, part-timeworkers are those who usually work less than 35 hours perweek (at all jobs), regardless of the number of hoursworked in the reference week. This may include someindividuals who actually worked more than 34 hours inthe reference week, as well as those who are temporarilyabsent from work. The full-time labor force includes allemployed persons who usually work full time andunemployed persons who are either looking for full-timework or are on layoff from full-time jobs. The part-timelabor force consists of employed persons who usually workpart time and unemployed persons who are seeking or areon layoff from part-time jobs. Unemployment rates forfull- and part-time workers are calculated using theconcepts of the full- and part-time labor force.

White, black, and other. These are terms used to describethe race of persons. Included in the "other" group areAmerican Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Asians andPacific Islanders. Because of the relatively small samplesize, data for "other" races are not published. In theenumeration process, race is determined by the householdrespondent.

Hispanic origin. This refers to persons who identifiedthemselves in the enumeration process as Mexican, PuertoRican, Cuban, Central or South American, or of otherHispanic origin or descent. Persons of Hispanic originmay be of any race; thus they are included in both thewhite and black population groups.

Vietnam-era veterans. These are persons who served in theArmed Forces of the United States between August 5,1964, and May 7, 1975. Published data are limited to menin the civilian noninstitutional population; i.e., veterans ininstitutions and women are excluded. Nonveterans arepersons who never served in the Armed Forces.

Usual weekly earnings. Data represent earnings beforetaxes and other deductions, and include any overtime pay,commissions, or tips usually received (at the main job inthe case of multiple jobholders.) Earnings reported on abasis other than weekly (e.g., annual, monthly, hourly) areconverted to weekly. The term "usual" is as perceived bythe respondent. If the respondent asks for a definition ofusual, interviewers are instructed to define the term asmore than half the weeks worked during the past 4 or 5months. Data refer to wage and salary workers (excludingself-employed persons who respond that their businesseswere incorporated) who usually work full time on theirsole or primary job.

Median earnings. These figures indicate the value whichdivides the earnings distribution into two equal parts, onepart having values above the median and the other havingvalues below the median. The medians as shown in thispublication are calculated by linear interpolation of the$50 centered interval within which each median falls. Dataexpressed in constant dollars are deflated by the Con-sumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U).

Single, never married; married, spouse present; and othermarital status. These are the terms used to define themarital status of individuals at the time of interview.Married, spouse present, applies to husband and wife ifboth were living in the same household, even though onemay be temporarily absent on business, vacation, on avisit, in a hospital, etc. Other marital status applies topersons who are married, spouse absent; widowed; ordivorced. Married, spouse absent relates to persons whoare separated due to marital problems, as well as husbandsand wives who are living apart because one or the other

160


was employed elsewhere, on duty with the Armed Forces,or any other reasons.

Household. A household consists of all persons — relatedfamily members and all unrelated persons — who occupy ahousing unit and have no other usual address. A house, anapartment, a group of rooms, or a single room is regardedas a housing unit when occupied or intended foroccupancy as separate living quarters. A householder is theperson (or one of the persons) in whose name the housingunit is owned or rented. The term is never applied to eitherhusbands or wives in married-couple families but relatesonly to persons in families maintained by either men orwomen without a spouse.

Family. A family is defined as a group of two or morepersons residing together who are related by birth,marriage, or adoption; all such persons are considered asmembers of one family. Families are classified either asmarried-couple families or as families maintained bywomen or men without spouses. A family maintained by awoman or a man is one in which the householder is eithersingle, widowed, divorced, or married, spouse absent.Data on the earnings of families exclude all those in whichthere is no wage or salary earner or in which the husband,wife, or other person maintaining the family is eitherself-employed or in the Armed Forces.

HISTORICAL COMPARABILITY

Changes in concepts and methodsWhile current survey concepts and methods are very

similar to those introduced at the inception of the survey in1940, a number of changes have been made over the yearsto improve the accuracy and usefulness of the data. Someof the most important changes include:

• In 1945, the questionnaire was radically changed withthe introduction of four basic employment questions.Prior to that time, the survey did not contain specificquestion wording, but rather relied on a complicatedscheme of activity prioritization.

• In 1953, the current 4-8-4 rotation system wasadopted, whereby households are interviewed for 4consecutive months, leave the sample for 8 months, andthen return to the sample for the same four months of thefollowing year. Before this system was introduced,households were interviewed for 6 consecutive monthsand then replaced. The new system provided someyear-to-year overlap in the sample, thereby improvingmeasurement over time.

• In 1955, the survey reference week was changed to thecalendar week including the 12th day of the month, forgreater consistency with the reference period used forother labor-related statistics. Previously, the calendarweek containing the 8th day of the month had been used asthe reference week.

• In 1957, the employment definition was modifiedslightly as a result of a comprehensive interagency reviewof labor force concepts and methods. Two relatively smallgroups of persons classified as employed, under "with a jobbut not at work," were assigned to different classifications.Persons on layoff with definite instructions to return towork within 30 days of the layoff date, and personsvolunteering that they were waiting to start a new wageand salary job within 30 days of interview, were, for themost part, reassigned to the unemployed classification.The only exception was the small subgroup in schoolduring the reference week but waiting to start new jobs,which was transferred to not in the labor force.

• In 1967, more substantive changes were made as aresult of the recommendations of the President's Commit-tee to Appraise Employment and Unemployment Statis-tics (the Gordon Committee). The principal improve-ments were as follows:

a) A 4-week job-search period and specific questions onjobseeking activity were introduced. Previously, thequestionnaire was ambiguous as to the time period forjobseeking and there were no specific questions concern-ing job-search methods.

b) An availability test was introduced whereby a personmust be currently available for work in order to beclassified as unemployed. Previously, there was no suchrequirement. This revision to the concept mainly affectedstudents, who, for example, may begin to look for summerjobs in the spring although they will not be available untilJune or July. Such persons, until 1967, had been classifiedas unemployed but since have been assigned to the "not inthe labor force" category.

c) Persons "with a job but not at work" because ofstrikes, bad weather, etc., who volunteered that they werelooking for work, were shifted from unemployed status toemployed.

d) The lower age limit for official statistics onemployment, unemployment, and other labor forceconcepts was raised from 14 to 16 years. Historical datafor most major series have been revised to provideconsistent information based on the new minimum agelimit.

e) New questions were added to obtain additional infor-mation on persons not in the labor force, including those

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referred to as "discouraged workers," defined as personswho indicate that they want a job but are not currentlylooking because they believe there are no jobs available ornone for which they would qualify.

f)) New "probing" questions were added to thequestionnaire in order to increase the reliability ofinformation on hours of work, duration of unemployment,and self-employment.

• In 1994, major changes to the Current PopulationSurvey (CPS) were introduced, which included a completeredesign of the questionnaire and the use of computer-assisted interviewing for the entire survey. In addition,there were revisions to some of the labor force conceptsand definitions, including the implementation of somechanges recommended in 1979 by the National Commis-sion on Employment and Unemployment Statistics(NCEUS, also known as the Levitan Commission.) Someof the major changes to the survey were:

a) The introduction of a redesigned and automatedquestionnaire. The CPS questionnaire was totally rede-signed in order to obtain more accurate, comprehensive,and relevant information, and to take advantage ofstate-of-the-art computer interviewing techniques.

b) The addition of two, more objective, criteria to thedefinition of discouraged workers. Prior to 1994, to beclassified as a discouraged worker, a person must havewanted a job and be reported as not currently lookingbecause of a belief that no jobs were available or that therewere none for which he or she would qualify. Beginning in1994, persons classified as discouraged must also havelooked for a job within the past year (or since their last job,if they worked during the year), and must have beenavailable for work during the reference week (a directquestion on availability was added in 1994; prior to 1994,availability had been inferred from responses to otherquestions.) These changes were made because the NCEUSand others felt that the previous definition of discouragedworkers was too subjective, relying mainly on anindividual's stated desire for a job and not on prior testingof the labor market.

c) Similarly, the identification of persons employedpart time for economic reasons (working less than 35hours in the reference week because of poor businessconditions or because of an inability to find full-time work)was tightened by adding two new criteria for persons whousually work part time: They must want and be availablefor full-time work. Previously, such information wasinferred. (Persons who usually work full time but workedpart time for an economic reason during the referenceweek are assumed to meet these criteria.)

d) Specific questions were added about the expectationof recall for persons who indicate that they are on layoff.To be classified as "on temporary layoff," persons mustexpect to be recalled to their jobs. Previously, thequestionnaire did not include explicit questions about theexpectation of recall.

e) Persons volunteering that they were waiting to start anew job within 30 days must have looked for work in the 4weeks prior to the survey in order to be classified asunemployed. Previously, such persons did not have tomeet the job-search requirement in order to be includedamong the unemployed.

For additional information on changes in CPS conceptsand methods, see Concepts and Methods used in LaborForce Statistics Derived from the Current PopulationSurvey, BLS Report 463, October 1976 and "Overhaulingthe Current Population Survey — Why is it Necessary toChange?," "Redesigning the Questionnaire," and "Eval-uating Changes in the Estimates," Monthly Labor Review,September 1993, and "Revisions in the Current Popula-tion Survey Effective January 1994," in the February 1994issue of this publication.

Noncomparability of labor force levelsIn addition to the refinements in concepts, definitions,

and methods made over the years, other changes have alsoaffected the comparability of the labor force data.

• Beginning in 1953, as a result of introducing datafrom the 1950 census into the estimating procedures,population levels were raised by about 600,000; laborforce, total employment, and agricultural employmentwere increased by about 350,000, primarily affecting thefigures for totals and men; other categories were relativelyunaffected.

• Beginning in 1960, the inclusion of Alaska andHawaii resulted in an increase of about 500,000 in thepopulation and about 300,000 in the labor force.Four-fifths of this increase was in nonagriculturalemployment; other labor force categories were notappreciably affected.

• Beginning in 1962, the introduction of data from the1960 census reduced the population by about 50,000 andlabor force and employment by about 200,000; unemploy-ment totals were virtually unchanged.

• Beginning in 1972, information from the 1970 censuswas introduced into the estimation procedures, increasingthe population by about 800,000; labor force and

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employment totals were raised by a little more than300,000; unemployment levels and rates were essentiallyunchanged.

• In March 1973, a subsequent population adjustmentbased on the 1970 census was introduced. This ad-justment, which affected the white and black-and-othergroups but had little effect on totals, resulted in thereduction of nearly 300,000 in the white population and anincrease of the same magnitude in the black-and-otherpopulation. Civilian labor force and total employmentfigures were affected to a lesser degree; the white laborforce was reduced by 150,000, and the black-and-otherlabor force rose by about 210,000. Unemployment levelsand rates were not significantly affected.

• Beginning in January 1974, the method used toprepare independent estimates of the civilian noninstitu-tional population was modified to an "inflation-deflation"approach. This change in the derivation of the estimateshad its greatest impact on estimates of 20- to 24-year oldmen — particularly those of the black-and-other popula-tion—but had little effect on estimates of the totalpopulation 16 years and over. Additional information onthe adjustment procedure appears in "CPS PopulationControls Derived from Inflation-Deflation Method ofEstimation," in the February 1974 issue of this publica-tion.

• Effective in July 1975, as a result of the large inflow ofVietnamese refugees into the United States, the total andblack-and-other independent population controls forpersons 16 years and over were adjusted upward by76,000 - (30,000 men and 46,000 women.) The addition ofthe refugees increased the black-and-other population byless than 1 percent in any age-sex group, with all of thechanges being confined to the "other" component of thepopulation.

interviewer as before. The purpose of this change was toprovide more accurate estimates of characteristics by race.Thus, in October 1978, one-eighth of the samplehouseholds had race determined by the householdrespondent and seven-eighths of the sample householdshad race determined by interviewer observation. It was notuntil January 1980 that the entire sample had racedetermined by the household respondent. The newprocedure had no significant effect on the estimates.

• Beginning in January 1979, the first-stage ratioadjustment method was changed in the CPS estimationprocedure. Differences between the old and new proce-dures existed only for metropolitan and non-metropolitanarea estimates, not for the total United States. Thereasoning behind the change and an indication of thedifferences appear in "Revisions in the Current Popula-tion Survey in January 1979" in the February 1979 issue ofthis publication.

• Beginning in January 1982, the second-stage ratioadjustment method was changed. The purpose of thechange and an indication of its effect on national estimatesof labor force characteristics appear in "Revisions in theCurrent Population Survey Beginning in January 1982" inthe February 1982 issue of this publication. In addition,current population estimates used in the second-stageestimation procedure were derived from informationobtained from the 1980 census, rather than the 1970census. This change caused substantial increases in thetotal population and in the estimates of persons in all laborforce categories. Rates for labor force characteristics,however, remained virtually unchanged. Some 30,000labor force series were adjusted back to 1970 to avoidmajor breaks in series. The adjustment procedure used isalso described in the February 1982 article cited above.The revisions did not, however, smooth out the breaks inseries occurring between 1972 and 1979 (described above),and data users should consider them when comparingestimates from different periods.

• Beginning in January 1978, the introduction of anexpansion in the sample and revisions in the estimationprocedures resulted in an increase of about 250,000 in thecivilian labor force and employment totals; unemploy-ment levels and rates were essentially unchanged. Anexplanation of the procedural changes and an indication ofthe differences appear in "Revisions in the CurrentPopulation Survey in January 1978" in the February 1978issue of this publication.

• Beginning in October 1978, the race of the individualwas determined by the household respondent for theincoming rotation group households, rather than by the

• Beginning in January 1983, the first-stage ratioadjustment method was updated to incorporate data fromthe 1980 census. The purpose of the change and anindication of its effect on national estimates of labor forcecharacteristics appear in "Revisions in the CurrentPopulation Survey Beginning in January 1983" in theFebruary 1983 issue of this publication. There were onlyslight differences between the old and new procedures inestimates of levels for the various labor force characteris-tics and virtually no differences in estimates of participa-tion rates.

• Beginning in January 1985, most of the steps of theCPS estimation procedure — the noninterview adjustment,

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the first and second-stage ratio adjustments, and thecomposite estimator— were revised. These procedures aredescribed in the Estimating Methods section. A descrip-tion of the changes and an indication of their effect onnational estimates of labor force characteristics appear in"Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the CurrentPopulation Survey Beginning in January 1985" in theFebruary 1985 issue of this publication. Overall, therevisions had only a slight effect on most estimates. Thegreatest impact was on estimates of persons of Hispanicorigin. Major estimates were revised back to January 1980.

• Beginning in January 1986, the population controlsused in the second-stage ratio adjustment method wererevised to reflect an explicit estimate of the number ofundocumented immigrants (largely Hispanic) since 1980and an improved estimate of the number of emigrantsamong legal foreign-born residents for the same timeperiod. As a result, the total civilian population and laborforce estimates were raised by nearly 400,000; civilianemployment was increased by about 350,000. TheHispanic-origin population and labor force estimates wereraised by about 425,000 and 305,000, respectively, andHispanic employment by 270,000. Overall and subgroupunemployment levels and rates were not significantlyaffected. Because of the magnitude of the adjustments forHispanics, data were revised back to January 1980 to theextent possible. An explanation of the changes and theireffect on estimates of labor force characteristics appear in"Changes in the Estimation Procedure in the CurrentPopulation Survey Beginning in January 1986" in theFebruary 1986 issue of this publication.

• Beginning in August 1989, the second-stage ratioestimate cells were changed slightly to decrease the chanceof very small cells occurring and to be more consistentwith published age, sex, race cells. This change hadvirtually no effect on national estimates.

• Beginning in January 1994, population estimatesused in the second-stage estimation procedure were basedon information obtained from the 1990 census (adjustedfor the undercount as measured by the Census Bureau'sPost Enumeration Survey). This change resulted insubstantial increases in total population and in all majorlabor force categories. Under the new population controls,the civilian noninstitutional population increased by about1.3 million, with much of the increase occurring amongHispanics. Estimates of employment were raised by about950,000, and unemployment by approximately 200,000.In addition, the overall unemployment rate rose by about0.1 percentage point, largely reflecting the increase in theHispanic share of the population, which has a higher-than-

average incidence of unemployment. For further informa-tion, see "Revisions in the Current Population SurveyEffective January 1994," in the February 1994 issue of thispublication.

Changes in the occupational and industrialclassification systems

Beginning in 1971, the comparability of occupationalemployment data was affected as a result of changes in theoccupational classification system for the 1970 census thatwere introduced into the CPS. Comparability was furtheraffected in December 1971, when a question relating tomajor activity or duties was added to the monthly CPSquestionnaire in order to determine more precisely theoccupational classification of individuals. As a result ofthese changes, meaningful comparisons of occupationalemployment levels could not be made between 1971-72and prior years nor between those 2 years. Unemploymentrates were not significantly affected. For a furtherexplanation of the changes in the occupational classifica-tion system, see "Revisions in Occupational Classifica-tions for 1971" and "Revisions in the Current PopulationSurvey" in the February 1971 and February 1972 issues,respectively, of this publication.

Beginning in January 1983, the occupational and indus-trial classification systems used in the 1980 census were in-troduced into the CPS. The 1980 census occupational clas-sification system evolved from the Standard OccupationalClassification (SOC) and was so radically different in con-cepts and nomenclature from the 1970 system that com-parisons of historical data are not possible without majoradjustments. For example, the 1980 major group "sales oc-cupations" is substantially larger than the 1970 category"sales workers." Major additions include "cashiers" from"clerical workers" and some self-employed proprietors inretail trade establishments from "managers and adminis-trators, except farm."

The industrial classification system used in the 1980census was based on the 1972 Standard IndustrialClassification (SIC) system, as modified in 1977. Theadoption of the new system had much less of an adverseeffect on historical comparability than did the newoccupational system. The most notable changes from the1970 system were the transfer of farm equipment storesfrom "retail" to "wholesale" trade, postal service from"public administration" to "transportation," and someinterchange between "professional and related services"and "public administration." Additional information onthe 1980 census occupational and industrial classificationsystems appear in "Revisions in the Current PopulationSurvey Beginning in January 1983" in the February 1983issue of this publication.

Beginning in January 1992, the occupational andindustrial classification systems used in the 1990 census

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were introduced into the C?S. (These systems were largelybased on the 1980 Standard Occupational Classification(SOC) and 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC)systems, respectively.) There were a few breaks incomparability between the 1980 and 1990 census-basedsystems, particularly within the "technical, sales, andadministrative support" categories. The most notablechanges in industry classification were the shift of severalindustries from "business services" to "professionalservices" and the splitting of some industries into smaller,more detailed categories, A number of industry titles werechanged as well, with no change in content.

SamplingSince the inception of the survey, there have been

various changes in the design of the CPS sample. Thesample is traditionally redesigned and a new sampleselected after each decennial census. Also, the number ofsample areas and the number of sample persons arechanged occasionally. Most of these changes are made inorder to improve the efficiency of the sample designand/or to increase the reliability of the sample estimates.When Alaska and Hawaii received statehood, threesample areas were added to the existing sample to accountfor the population of these States. In January 1978, asupplemental sample of 9,000 housing units, selected in 24States and the District of Columbia, was designed toprovide more reliable annual average estimates for States.In October 1978, a coverage improvement sample ofapproximately 450 sample household units representing237,000 occupied mobile homes and 600,000 newconstruction housing units was added. In January 1980,another supplemental sample of 9,000 households selectedin 32 States and the District of Columbia was added. Asample reduction of about 6,000 units was implemented inMay 1981. In January 1982, the sample was expanded by100 households to provide additional coverage in countiesadded to Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas(SMSA's), which were redefined in 1973. In January 1985,a new State-based CPS sample was selected based on 1980census information. A sample reduction of about 4,000households was implemented in April 1988; they werereinstated during the 8-month period, April-November1989. A redesigned CPS sample based on the 1990decennial census has been selected for use during the1990's. Households from this new sample will be phased induring the April 1994 through July 1995 period.

The current 1980 census-based sample design includesabout 72,000 housing units per month located in 729selected geographic areas called primary sampling units(PSU's). The sample was initially selected so that specificreliability criteria were met nationally, for each of the 50States, for the District of Columbia, and for the sub-Stateareas of New York City and the Los Angeles-Long Beachmetropolitan area. Since 1985, these reliability criteriahave been maintained through periodic additions and

deletions in the State samples. The criteria, given below,are based on the coefficient of variation (CV) of theunemployment rate, where the CV is defined as thestandard error of the estimate divided by the estimate,expressed as a percentage. These CV controls assume a6-percent unemployment rate to establish a consistentspecification of sampling error.

Nationally, a 1.8-percent CV is maintained on themonthly unemployment rate estimate. This means that achange of 0.2 percentage point in the unemployment rateis significant at a 90-percent confidence level.

In 11 States — California, Florida, Illinois, Massachu-setts, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina,Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Texas —the most populous Statesat the time of the 1980 decennial census, an 8-percent CVis maintained on the monthly unemployment rateestimates. In the other 39 States and the District ofColumbia, an 8-percent CV is maintained on the annualunemployment rate estimate. In New York City and theLos Angeles-Long Beach metropolitan area, a 9-percentCV is maintained on the monthly unemployment rateestimates.

In the first stage of sampling, the 729 sample areas arechosen. In the second stage, ultimate sampling unitclusters composed of about four housing units each areselected. Each month, about 72,000 housing units areassigned for data collection, of which about 60,000 areoccupied and thus eligible for interview. The remainderare units found to be destroyed, vacant, converted tononresidential use, containing persons whose usual placeof residence is elsewhere, or ineligible for other reasons. Ofthe 60,000 housing units, 4 to 5 percent are not interviewedin a given month due to temporary absence (vacation,etc.), other failures to make contact after repeatedattempts, inability of persons contacted to respond,unavailability for other reasons, and refusals to cooperate(about half of the noninterviews). Information is obtainedeach month for about 113,000 persons 16 years of age andolder.

Selection of sample areas. The entire area of the UnitedStates, consisting of 3,137 counties and independent cities,is divided into 1,973 sample units (PSU's). In most States,a PSU consists of a county or a number of contiguouscounties. In New England and Hawaii, minor civildivisions are used instead of counties.

Metropolitan areas within a State are used as a basis forforming PSU's. Outside of metropolitan areas, countiesnormally are combined, except where the geographic areaof the sample county is very large. Combining counties toform PSU's provides greater heterogeneity; a typical PSUincludes urban and rural residents of both high and loweconomic levels and encompasses, to the extent feasible,diverse occupations and industries. Another importantconsideration is to have the PSU sufficiently compact so

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that, with a small sample spread throughout, it can beefficiently canvassed without undue travel cost.

The 1,973 PSU's are grouped into strata within eachState. Then one PSU is selected from each stratum withthe probability of selection proportional to the populationof the PSU. There are 314 PSU's in strata by themselvesthat are self-representing, and generally these are the mostpopulated PSU's in each State. The remaining strata areformed by combining PSU's that are similar in suchcharacteristics as population growth; proportions ofblacks and of Hispanics (in certain States); and populationdistribution by occupation, industry, age, and sex. ThePSU's, randomly selected from these strata, are non-self -representing, because each one chosen represents theentire stratum. The probability of selecting a particularPSU in a non-self-representing stratum is proportional toits 1980 population. For example, within a stratum, thechance that a PSU with a population of 50,000 would beselected for the sample is twice that for a PSU having apopulation of 25,000.

Selection of sample households. Because the sample designis State based, the sampling ratio differs by State anddepends on the reliability requirements for estimates foreach State. The State sampling ratios range roughly from 1in every 200 households to 1 in every 2,500 households ineach stratum of the State. The sampling ratio occasionallyis modified slightly to hold the size of the sample relativelyconstant given the overall growth of the population. Thesampling ratio used within a sample PSU depends on theprobability of selection of the PSU and the sampling ratiofor the State. In a sample PSU with a probability ofselection of 1 in 10 with a State sampling ratio of 1 in 2,500,the within-PSU sampling ratio that results is 1 in 250,thereby achieving the desired ratio of 1 in 2,500 for thestratum.

Within each designated PSU, several steps are involvedin selecting the housing units to be enumerated. First, the1980 census enumeration districts (ED's), which areadministrative units and contain on the average about 300housing units, are ordered so that the sample would reflectthe demographic and residential characteristics of thePSU. Within each ED, the housing units are sortedgeographically and are grouped into clusters of approxi-mately four housing units. Next, a systematic sample ofthese clusters of housing units is selected.

The identification of the sample housing units within anED is made wherever possible from the list of EDaddresses compiled during the 1980 census. The addresslists are used in about three-fourths of the ED's, primarilyin urban areas. Area sampling is applied in the remainingED's, mostly in rural areas. In ED's where address lists areused, automated methods are used to form clusters ofgeographically contiguous housing units. An effort is

made to have all small, multi-unit addresses (two to fourhousing units) included in the same cluster. The methodsuse the within-PSU sampling ratio to identify appropriateclusters for the sample. Supplemental samples are alsoprepared to account for addresses in isolated geographicareas and to account for housing units not found on theaddress lists, including housing units newly constructed inthe PSU since the census date. The addresses of these unitsare obtained mainly from records of building permits.

In those ED's where area sampling methods are used,mainly rural areas, the ED's are subdivided into small land"chunks" with well-defined boundaries and having, ingeneral, an expected "size" of about 8 to 12 housing unitsor other living quarters. For each subdivided ED, onechunk (or more) is designated for the sample. When aselected chunk contains about four households, forexample, all units are included in the sample. When thesize of the chunk is several times four units, an interviewerdoes not conduct interviews at all housing units in thechunk but uses a systematic sampling pattern to obtainapproximately four households. The remaining housingunits in the chunk are then available for further samples.Area ED's also make use of building permit lists to identifynewly constructed housing units.

Rotation of sample. Part of the sample is changed eachmonth. For each sample, eight representative subsamplesor rotation groups are identified. A given rotation group isinterviewed for a total of 8 months, divided into two equalperiods. It is in the sample for 4 consecutive months, leavesthe sample during the following 8 months, and thenreturns for another 4 consecutive months. In any 1 month,one-eighth of the rotation groups are in their first month ofenumeration, another eighth is in their second month, andso on. Under this system, 75 percent of the samplesegments are common from month to month and 50percent from year to year for the same month. Thisprocedure provides a substantial amount of month-to-month and year-to-year overlap in the sample, thusproviding better estimates of change and reducingdiscontinuities in the series of data without burdening anyspecific group of households with an unduly long period ofinquiry.

Table 1-A provides a description of some aspects of theCPS sample design in use since 1947. A more detailedaccount of the history of the CPS sample design appears inthe Current Population Survey: Design and Methodology,Technical Paper No. 40, Bureau of the Census, orConcepts and Methods Used in Labor Force StatisticsDerived from the Current Population Survey, Report 463,Bureau of Labor Statistics. A description of the 1980census-based sample appears in "Redesign of the Samplefor the Current Population Survey," in the May 1984 issueof this publication.

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Table 1-A. Characteristics of the CPS sample, 1947 to present

Time period

Aug. 1947 to Jan. 1954Feb. 1954 to Apr. 1956May 1956 to Dec. 1959Jan. 1960 to Feb. 1963Mar. 1963 to Dec. 1966Jan. 1967 to July 1971Aug. 1971 to July 1972Aug. 1972 to Dec. 1977Jan. 1978 to Dec. 1979Jan. 1980 to Apr. 1981May 1981 to Dec. 1984Jan. 1985 to Mar. 1988Apr. 1988 to Mar. 1989Nov. 1989 to present3

Number of sample

areas

68230

13302333357449449461614629629729729729

Households eligible

Interviewed

21,00021,00033,50033,50033,50048,00045,00045,00053,50062,20057,80057,00053,20057,400

Not interviewed

500-1,000500-1,000

1,5001,5001,5002,0002,0002,0002,5002,8002,5002,5002,6002,600

Households visited

but not eligible

3,000-3,5003,000-3,500

6,0006,0006,0008,5008,0008,000

10,00012,00011,00011,00011,50011,800

1 Beginning in May 1956, these areas were chosen to provide coveragein each State and the District of Columbia.

2 Three sample areas were added in 1960 to represent Alaska andHawaii after statehood.

3 The sample was increased incrementally during the 8-monthperiod, April-November 1989.

ESTIMATING METHODS

Under the estimating methods used in the CPS, all of theresults for a given month become available simultaneouslyand are based on returns from the entire panel of respon-dents. The estimation procedure involves weighting thedata from each sample person by the inverse of the proba-bility of the person being in the sample. This gives a roughmeasure of the number of actual persons that the sampleperson represents. Since 1985, almost all sample personswithin the same State have the same probability of selec-tion. Exceptions include sample persons in New York andCalifornia, where households in New York City and LosAngeles are selected with higher probability. Selectionprobabilities may also differ for some sample areas due tofield subsampling, which is carried out when areas selectedfor the sample are found to contain many more householdsthan expected. Though a series of estimation steps (out-lined below), the selection probabilities are adjusted fornoninterviews and survey undercoverage; data from pre-vious months are incorporated into the estimates throughthe composite estimation procedure.

1. Noninterview adjustment. The weights for all inter-viewed households are adjusted to the extent needed toaccount for occupied sample households for which noinformation was obtained because of absence, impassableroads, refusals, or unavailability of the respondents forother reasons. This noninterview adjustment is madeseparately for clusters of similar sample areas that areusually, but not necessarily, contained within a State.Similarity of sample areas is based on MetropolitanStatistical Area (MSA) status and size. Within eachcluster, there is a further breakdown by residence. EachMSA cluster is split by "central city" and "balance of the

MSA." Each non-MSA cluster is split by "urban* and"rural" residence categories. The proportion of samplehouseholds not interviewed varies from 4 to 5 percent,depending on weather, vacation, etc.

2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the populationselected for the sample may differ somewhat, by chance,from that of the population as a whole in suchcharacteristics as age, race, sex, and State of residence.Because these characteristics are closely correlated withlabor force participation and other principal measure-ments made from the sample, the survey estimates can besubstantially improved when weighted appropriately bythe known distribution of these population characteristics.This is accomplished through two stages of ratioadjustment, as follows:

a. First-stage ratio estimation. The purpose of thefirst-stage ratio adjustment is to reduce the contribution tovariance that results from selecting a sample of PSUsrather than drawing sample households from every PSU inthe Nation. This adjustment is made to the CPS weights intwo race cells: Black and nonblack; it is applied only toPSlTs that are not self-representing and for those Statesthat have a substantial number of black households. Theprocedure corrects for differences that existed in eachState cell at the time of the 1980 census between 1) the racedistribution of the population in sample PSlTs and 2) therace distribution of all PSU's (both 1 and 2 excludeself-representing PSU's.)

b. Second-stage ratio estimation. This procedure sub-stantially reduces the variability of estimates and corrects,to some extent, for CPS undercoverage. The CPS sampleweights are adjusted to ensure that sample-based estimates

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of population match independent population controls.Three sets of controls are used:

1) 51 State controls of the civilian noninstitutionalpopulation 16 years of age and older

2) National civilian noninstitutional populationcontrols for 14 Hispanic and 5 non-Hispanic age-sexcategories

3) National civilian noninstitutional populationcontrols for 66 white, 42 Black, and 10 "other"age-sex categories

The independent population controls are prepared byprojecting forward the resident population as enumeratedon April 1, 1990. The projections are derived by updatingdemographic census data with information from a varietyof other data sources that account for births, deaths, andnet migration. Estimated numbers of resident ArmedForces personnel and institutionalized persons reduce theresident population to the civilian noninstitutional popu-lation. Estimates of net census undercount, determinedfrom the Post Enumeration Survey, are added to thepopulation projections. Prior to January 1994, theprojections were based on earlier censuses, and there wasno correction for census undercount. A summary of thecurrent procedures used to make population projections isgiven in "Revisions in the Current Population SurveyEffective January 1994," appearing in the February 1994issue of this publication.

3. Composite estimation procedure. The last step in thepreparation of most CPS estimates makes use of a com-posite estimation procedure. The composite estimate con-sists of a weighted average of two factors: The two-stageratio estimate based on the entire sample from the currentmonth and the composite estimate for the previous month,plus an estimate of the month-to-month change based onthe six rotation groups common to both months. In addi-tion, a bias adjustment term is added to the weighted aver-age to account for relative bias associated with month-in-sample estimates. This month-in-sample bias is exhibitedby unemployment estimates for persons in their first andfifth months in the CPS being generally higher than esti-mates obtained for the other months.

The composite estimate results in a reduction in thesampling error beyond that which is achieved after the twostages of ratio adjustment. For some items, the reduction issubstantial. The resultant gains in reliability are greatest inestimates of month-to-month change, although gains arealso usually obtained for estimates of level in a givenmonth, change from year to year, and change over otherintervals of time.

Rounding of estimatesThe sums of individual items may not always equal the

totals shown in the same tables because of independent

rounding of totals and components to the nearestthousand. Similarly, sums of percent distributions maynot always equal 100 percent because of rounding.Differences, however, are insignificant.

Reliability of the estimatesThere are two types of errors possible in an estimate

based on a sample survey —sampling and nonsampling.The standard errors provided indicate primarily themagnitude of the sampling error. They also incorporatethe effect of some nonsampling errors in response andenumeration but do not account for any systematicbiases in the data.

Nonsampling error. The full extent of nonsampling error isunknown, but special studies have been conducted toquantify some sources of nonsampling error in the CPS, asdiscussed below. The effect of nonsampling error shouldbe small on estimates of relative change, such asmonth-to-month change. Estimates of monthly levelswould be more severely affected by the nonsampling error.

Nonsampling errors in surveys can be attributed tomany sources, e.g., the inability to obtain informationabout all persons in the sample; differences in theinterpretation of questions; inability or unwillingness ofrespondents to provide correct information; inability torecall information; errors made in collecting and process-ing the data, errors made in estimating values for miss-ing data; and failure to represent all sample householdsand all persons within sample households (undercover-age).

Nonsampling errors occurring in the interview phase ofthe survey are studied by means of a reinterview program.This program is used to estimate various sources of erroras well as to evaluate and control the work of theinterviewers. A random sample of each interviewer's workis inspected through reinterview at regular intervals. Theresults indicate, among other things, that the datapublished from the CPS are subject to moderate systema-tic biases. A description of the CPS reinterview programand some of the other results may be found in the CurrentPopulation Survey Reinterview Program, January 1961through December 1966, Technical Paper No. 19, Bureauof the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce.

The effects of some components of nonsampling error inthe CPS data can be examined as a result of the rotationplan used for the sample, since the level of the estimatesvaries by rotation group. A description of these effectsappears in "The Effects of Rotation Group Bias onEstimates From Panel Surveys," by Barbara A. Bailar,Journal of the American Statistical Association, Volume70, No. 349, March 1975.

Undercoverage in the CPS results from missed housingunits and missed persons within sample households. TheCPS covers about 94 percent of the decennial censuspopulation. It is known that the CPS undercoverage varieswith age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin. Generally,

168


undercoverage is larger for men than for women andlarger for blacks, Hispanics, and other races than forwhites. Ratio adjustment to independent age-sex-race-origin population controls, as described previously,partially corrects for the biases due to survey undercover-age. However, biases exist in the estimates to the extentthat missed persons in missed households or missedpersons in interviewed households have different charac-teristics than interviewed persons in the same age-sex-race-origin group.

Additional information on nonsampling error in theCPS appears in "An Error Profile: Employment asMeasured by the Current Population Survey," by CamillaBrooks and Barbara Bailar, Statistical Policy WorkingPaper 3, U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of FederalStatistical Policy and Standards; in "The Current Popula-tion Survey: An Overview," by Marvin Thompson andGary Shapiro, Annals of Economic and Social Measure-ment, Vol. 2, April 1973; and in The Current PopulationSurvey, Design and Methodology, Technical Paper No. 40,Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce.This last document includes a comprehensive discussionof various sources of errors and describes attempts tomeasure them in the CPS.

Sampling error. When a sample rather than the entirepopulation is surveyed, estimates differ from the truepopulation values that they represent. This difference, orsampling error, occurs by chance, and its variability ismeasured by the standard error of the estimate. Sampleestimates from a given survey design are unbiased when anaverage of the estimates from all possible samples wouldyield, hypothetically, the true population value. In thiscase, the sample estimate and its standard error can beused to construct approximate confidence intervals, orranges of values, that include the true population valuewith known probabilities. If the process of selecting asample from the population were repeated many times andan estimate and its standard error calculated for eachsample, then:

1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals from onestandard error below the estimate to one standard errorabove the estimate would include the true populationvalue.

2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals from 1.6standard errors below the estimate to 1.6 standard errorsabove the estimate would include the true populationvalue.

3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals from twostandard errors below the estimate to 2 standard errorsabove the estimate would include the true populationvalue.

Although the estimating methods used in the CPS donot produce unbiased estimates, biases for most estimatesare believed to be small enough so that these confidenceinterval statements are approximately true.

Since it would be too costly to develop standard errorsfor all CPS estimates, generalized variance functiontechniques are used to calculate sets of standard errors forvarious types of labor force characteristics. It is importantto keep in mind that standard errors computed from thesemethods reflect contributions from sampling errors andsome kinds of nonsampling errors and indicate the generalmagnitude of an estimate's standard error rather than itsprecise value.

The generalized variance functions and standard errorsprovided here are based on the sample design andestimation procedures as of 1987 and have been adjustedto reflect the population levels and sample size as of 1991.The figures have not been adjusted to account for the use ofnew population controls based on the 1990 census. Foryears prior to 1967, the standard errors obtained must befurther adjusted to reflect the CPS sample size in effect atthat time. For years prior to 1956, standard errors shouldbe multiplied by 1.5; for the years 1956 through 1966,standard errors should be multiplied by 1.22.

Tables 1-B through 1-H are provided so that approxi-mate standard errors of estimates can be easily obtained.These tables are briefly summarized here; details illustrat-ing the proper use of each table follow.

Tables 1-B and 1-C show standard errors for estimatedmonthly levels and rates for selected employment statuscharacteristics; these tables also provide standard errorsfor consecutive month-to-month changes in the estimates.These standard errors are based on levels of recentestimates and can be determined directly by finding thecharacteristic of interest.

Tables 1-D and 1-E show standard errors for monthlylevels and consecutive monthly changes in levels forgeneral employment status characteristics. The standarderrors are calculated using linear interpolation based onthe size of the monthly estimates.

Tables 1-F and 1-G give parameters that can be usedwith formulas to calculate a standard error on nearly anyspecified level, unemployment rate, percentage, or con-secutive month-to-month change. For monthly levels andconsecutive month-to-month changes in levels, tables 1-Fand 1-G are preferred to tables 1-D and 1-E, since theformulas provide more accurate results than linearinterpolation.

Table 1-H presents factors used to convert standarderrors of monthly levels and rates determined from tables1-B, 1-C, 1-D, and 1-F to standard errors pertainingto quarterly and yearly averages, consecutive year-to-yearchanges of monthly estimates, and changes in quarterlyand yearly averages.

169


Table 1-B. Standard errors for major employment statuscategories(In thousands)

Industry

Total, 16 years and over:Civilian labor forceEmployedUnemployed

Men, 20 years and over:Civilian labor forceEmployedUnemployed

Women, 20 years and over:Civilian labor forceEmployedUnemployed

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:Civilian labor forceEmployedUnemployed

Black, 16 years and over:Civilian labor forceEmployedUnemployed

Men, 20 years and over:Civilian labor forceEmployedUnemployed

Women, 20 years and over:Civilian labor forceEmployedUnemployed

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years:Civilian labor forceEmployedUnemployed

Hispanic origin, 16 years andover:

Civilian labor forceEmployedUnemployed

Monthlylevel

260281144

165183106

19620188

838052

12112365

677246

858443

332825

9710252

Consecutive-month change

191213157

140154120

148154101

828068

889374

596454

646550

342929

688161

The standard errors for estimated changes from 1month to the next, 1 year to the next, etc., depend more onthe monthly levels for characteristics than on the size ofthe changes. Accordingly, tables 1-E, 1-G, and 1-H usemonthly levels (not the magnitude of the changes) forapproximating standard errors of change. Standard errorsfor estimated change between nonconsecutive months arenot provided (except for year-to-year change); however,these may be assumed to be higher than the standarderrors for consecutive monthly change.

Use of tables 1-B and 1-C. These tables provide a quickreference for standard errors of major characteristics.Table 1-B gives approximate standard errors for estimatesof monthly levels and consecutive month-to-monthchanges in levels for major employment status categories.Table 1-C gives approximate standard errors for estimates

of monthly unemployment rates and consecutive month-to-month changes in unemployment rates for some demo-graphic, industrial, and occupational categories. For char-acteristics not given in tables 1-B and 1-C, refer to eithertables 1-D and 1-E or tables 1-F and 1-G.

Illustration. Suppose that for a given month the number ofwomen 20 years and over in the civilian labor force is esti-mated to be 54,000,000. For this characteristic, the ap-proximate standard error of 196,000 is given in table 1-B inthe row, "total, women 20 years and over: Civilian laborforce." A 90-percent confidence interval as shown by thesedata, would then be the interval from 53,686,000 to54,314,000. Concluding that the true labor force level lieswithin this interval would be correct for roughly 90 per-cent of all possible samples.

Use of tables 1-D and 1-E. From these tables, approximatestandard errors can be calculated for estimates of monthlylevels and month-to-month changes in levels for majorlabor force characteristics by race and Hispanic origin.For major categories not shown, such as male or female,tables 1-F and 1-G can be used. Standard errors for inter-mediate values not shown in the tables may beapproximated by linear interpolation. For table 1-E,which applies to estimates of consecutive month-to-monthchange, the average of the two monthly levels (not thechange) is used to select the appropriate row in the table.

Illustration. Assume that between 2 consecutive monthsthe estimated number of employed persons changed from115,600,000 to 116,700,000, an apparent increase of1,100,000. The approximate standard error on this month-to-month change estimate is based on the average level ofthe estimate for the 2 months, 116,150,000. Using the table1-E column titled "labor force data other than unemploy-ment and agricultural employment, total," it is necessaryto find the standard errors corresponding to the twomonthly level entries between which the value 116,150,000lies. The standard error corresponding to 100,000,000 isgiven as 240,000, and the standard error corresponding to120,000,000 is given as 206,000. Use linear interpolation tofind the approximate standard error on month-to-monthchange corresponding to the level 116,150,000; onemethod of calculation is given below.

/ 120,000,000-116,150,000^206,000 +

120,000,000-100,000,000>1(240,000-206,000) = 213,000

Thus, a 90-percent confidence interval for the true month-to-month change would be approximately the intervalfrom 759,000 to 1,441,000.

Use of tables 1-F and 1-G. These tables can be used to findapproximate standard errors for a wide range of estimatedmonthly levels, proportions, rates, and estimates of con-secutive monthly change. Instead of displaying standard

170


Table 1-C. Standard errors for unemployment rates bymajor characteristics

Characteristic

Total, 16 years and over . . . .Men, 16 years and overMen, 20 years and overWomen, 16 years and overWomen, 20 years and overBoth sexes, 16 to 19 yearsWhite workersBlack workersHispanic-origin workersMarried men, spouse present. . .Married women, spouse presentWomen who maintain families . .

Occupation

Executive, administrative, andmanagerial

Professional specialtyTechnicians and related

supportSalesAdministrative support,

including clericalPrivate household . . . . .Protective serviceService, except private

household and protectiveservice

Precision production, craft, andrepair

Machine operators, assemblers,and inspectors

Transportation and materialmoving . . . . . .

Handlers, equipment cleaners,helpers, and laborers

Farming, forestry, and fishing . . .

Industry

Nonagricultural private wageand salary workers

Goods-producing industries . .MiningConstructionManufacturing


Service-producingindustries

Transportation, communi-cations, and publicutilities

Wholesale and retail trade . .Finance and services

Government workersAgricultural wage and salary

workers

Monthlylevel

0.11.16.16.16.16.78.12.48.50.17.18.55

.23

.18

.40

.30

.261.44

.86

.36

.38

.53

.58

.80

.66

.14

.281.59

.76

.29

.37

.45

.15

.42

.27

.19

.20

1.08

Consecutive-month change

0.14.19.19.19.19

1.03.14.56.60.20.22.65

.27

.22

.47

.36

.311.711.02

.43

.45

.64

.69

.96

.78

.16

.331.89

.91

.34

.45

.54

.18

.50

.33

.23

.24

1.29

errors, these tables provide parameters to be used with theformulas given below that allow the user to calculate stan-dard errors.

Table 1-G, which applies to estimates of consecutivemonthly change, lists parameters for some characteristicsclassified by a measure of correlation between monthly es-timates. Estimates of the number of persons employed full

time, for example, change relatively little from 1 month tothe next, and the two monthly estimates are said to behighly correlated. Consecutive monthly estimates of part-time employment, by contrast, have low correlation, be-cause these estimates are relatively volatile.

Major characteristics for which consecutive monthlyestimates are known to have high or low correlation areindicated in table 1-G. Not all categories in table 1-G,however, are broken down into low or high correlationcharacteristics. When high or low correlation is not speci-fied in table 1-G, the parameters in this table should be se-lected from the rows labeled "most characteristics" orfrom rows not specifying correlation.

Standard errors of estimated levels. The approximatestandard error, sx, of an estimated monthly level, x, canbe obtained using the formula below, where a and b are theparameters from table 1-F associated with the particularcharacteristic. The same formula can be used to approxi-mate the standard error of an estimated month-to-monthchange in level; simply average the levels for the 2 consecu-tive months and use the parameters from table 1-G.

bx

Illustration. Assume that in a given month there are anestimated 6 million unemployed men in the civilian laborforce (x = 6,000,000). Obtain the appropriate a and bparameters from table 1-F ("unemployment, total orwhite"). Use the formula to compute an approximatestandard error on the estimate of 6,000,000.

a = -0.000015749 b = 2464.91

sx = V(-0.000015749) (6,000,000) 2+ (2464.91)(6,000,000) =119,000

Suppose that in the next month the estimated number ofunemployed men increases by 200,000 to 6,200,000. Theaverage of the monthly levels is x = 6,100,000. Obtain theappropriate a and b parameters from table 1-G ("unem-ployment, total or white, total, men, women"). Use the for-mula to compute an approximate standard error on the es-timated change of 200,000.

s x = V(-0.000082123) (6,100,000) 2 + (3494.11) (6,100,000) = 135,000

An approximate 90-percent confidence interval for thetrue month-to-month change would be the interval from-16,000 to 416,000. Because this interval covers zero, onecannot assert at this level of confidence that any realchange has occurred in the unemployment level. This re-sult can also be expressed by saying that the apparent

171


Table 1-D. Standard errors for estimates of monthly levels

(In thousands)

Estimatedmonthly

level

501005001,0002,0004,0006,0008,00010,00015,00020,00030,00040,00050,00060,00070,00080,000100,000120,000140,000160,000180,000

Characteristic

Agriculturalemployment

Total orwhite

1116385788

145200253307

Black

1116365069

Unemployment

Total orwhite

111635497098

119137152183207

Black

111636496786949384

Hispanicorigin

121636517196

Labor force data other than agriculturalemployment and unemployment

Total

111635507099

120138153184209246273293306313316306275211

White

111635507098

120137152183207243267284294297295272216

Black

111636506993

10811712211784

Hispanic origin

Employed

121738527193

10210497

Civilian laborforce or not

in labor force

121738527193

10210497

Table 1-E. Standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change in levels(In thousands)

Estimatedmonthly

level

501005001,0002,0004,0006,0008,00010,00015,000 ..20,00030,00040,00050,00060,00070,00080,000100,000120,000140,000160,000180,000

Characteristic

Agriculturalemployment

Total orwhite

1318395371858258

Black

1115344866

Unemployment

Total orwhite

1319425882

113134151163184192

Black

1319415776929172

Hispanicorigin

1419436082

107

Labor force data other than agriculturalemployment and unemployment

Total

9132941578198

112125150170200222237246251252240206138

White

9132941578198

112125150170200222237246251252240206138

Black

9133041577687939582

Hispanic origin

Employed

101432446077848476

Civilian laborforce or not

in labor force

91227375065727368

172


change of 200,000 is not significant at a 90-percentconfidence level.

Standard errors of estimated percentages and rates.Generally, percentages and rates are not published unlessthe monthly base (denominator) is greater than 75,000persons, the quarterly average base is greater than 60,000persons, or the annual average base is greater than 35,000persons.

The reliability of an estimated percentage or rate de-pends upon the magnitude of the percentage or rate and itsbase. When the numerator and base are in different

Table 1-F. Parameters for computation of standard errorsfor estimates of monthly levels

Characteristic

_abor force and not-labor-force data other than agri-cultural employment andunemployment:

Total1

Men 1

WomenBoth sexes, 16 to 19 years ..

White 1

MenWomenBoth sexes, 16 to 19 years ..

BlackMenWomenBoth sexes, 16 to 19 years ..

Hispanic origin

Not in labor force, total or white,excluding women and 16-to19-year-olds

Agricultural employment:

Total or whiteMenWomen or both sexes, 16

to 19 years

Black

Hispanic origin:Total or womenMen or both sexes, 16 to

19 years

Unemployment:

Total or whiteBlackHispanic origin

a

-0.000015503-.000028833-.000025830-.000149802

-.000017494-.000032295-.000029346-.000177579

-.000113103-.000273973-.000164107-.001144754

-.000199918

000005200

.000685688

.000755044

-.000021749

-.000121753

.011486158

.015153395

-.000015749-.000191460-.000098631

b

2488.362300.612111.702039.69

2488.362300.612111.702039.69

2613.142458.392181.672390.62

2945.94

690 84

2541.142351.42

2155.45

2626.04

2189.09

1268.58

2464.912621.892704.53

categories, use the parameters from table 1-F or 1-Grelevant to the numerator. The approximate standarderror, SyjP> of an estimated percentage or rate, p, can be ob-tained using the following formula, where y is theestimated number of persons in the base.

P(IOO-P)

Illustration. For a given month, suppose that 5,600,000women, 20 to 24 years of age, are estimated to beemployed. Of this total, 1,800,000 or 32 percent are classi-fied as part-time workers. To estimate the standard erroron this percentage, proceed as follows. Obtain theparameter b = 2111.70 from table 1-F ("labor force andnot-in-labor-force data other than agricultural employ-ment and unemployment, total women"). Apply the for-mula to obtain:

.= A//2111.705,600,000

(32) (100 - 32) = 0.9 percent

Suppose that in the next month 5,700,000 women in thissame age group are reported employed and that 1,950,000or 34 percent are part-time workers. To estimate the stan-dard error on the observed month-to-month change of 2percentage points, first average the values for p and y overthe 2 months to get p = 33 percent and y = 5,650,000.Next, obtain the parameter b = 2245.76 from table 1-G("labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than agri-cultural employment and unemployment, total or white,women, low correlation characteristics") and apply theformula as follows.

2245.76

5,650,000(33) (100 - 33) = 0.9 percent

1 Excludes not-in-labor-force data.

It should be noted that the numerator of the percentage(part-time employed) determined the choice of correla-tion. If the example had illustrated percentages of womenemployed full time, the numerator would have been a highcorrelation characteristic. Table 1-G, however, does notexplicitly list high correlation parameters for employedwomen; thus, the row labeled "women, most characteris-tics" would have been used.

Had the example dealt with teenage women employedpart time, either of two rows in table 1-G could have beenapplied ("women, low correlation" or "both sexes, 16 to 19years"). In situations like this, where it is not clear whichrow applies, a general rule to follow is to choose the rowwith the largest b parameter. This gives a more conserva-tive estimate of standard error.

Use of table 1-H. Use this table with table 1-B, 1-C, 1-D,or 1-F to calculate approximate standard errors for quar-terly or yearly averages, changes in consecutive quarterlyor yearly averages, and consecutive year-to-year changes

173


Table 1-G. Parameters for computation of standard errors for estimates of month-to-month change in levels

Characteristic

Labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than agriculturalemployment and unemployment:

Total or white:Most characteristicsHigh correlation characteristics1

Low correlation characteristics1

Men:Most characteristicsHigh correlation characteristicsLow correlation characteristics

Women:Most characteristicsLow correlation characteristics


Black:Most characteristicsLow correlation characteristics

Men:Most characteristicsLow correlation characteristics

Women:Most characteristicsLow correlation characteristics


Hispanic origin:TotalCivilian labor force and not in labor forceLow correlation characteristicsMen, civilian labor force and not in labor forceMen, 16 years and over; 20 years and over;and both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Women, 16 years and over and 20 years and over


Total or white:TotalMenWomen or both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Black:Total or womenMen or both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Hispanic origin:Total or womenMen or both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Self-employed

Unemployment:2

Total or white:Total, men, womenBoth sexes, 16 to 19 years and low correlation characteristics

Black:Total, men, women, and both sexes, 16 to 19 yearsHigh correlation characteristics

Hispanic origin:Total, men, womenBoth sexes, 16 to 19 years and low correlation characteristics

-0.000010944-.000008144-.000014170

-.000019884-.000014794-.000051372

-.000018554-.000052252

-.000162663

-.000089327-.001740338

-.000212603-.002613218

-.000140597-.002078353

-.001139392

-.000152279-.000099676-.002541911-.000238849

-.000384132-.000330113

-.000346999-.000592136.000113873

-.000110444-.017331654

.002782195

.002777539

-.000215510

-.000082123-.000062800

-.000373894.000043481

-.000244978-.000965230

1668.041304.382126.02

1599.031249.332221.13

1410.582245.76

2097.34

1787.475422.14

1912.524889.94

1539.244483.53

2538.37

2098.101459.856518.781749.13

2694.101972.12

3199.193295.421975.66

2382.124929.50

3509.383001.45

1743.43

3494.114269.23

3630.262571.23

3822.035321.96

1 High correlation characteristics include employed full-time, man-ufacturing, service workers, and not in the labor force. Low correlationcharacteristics include all part-time workers; employed, with a job, butnot at work; unpaid family workers; and precision production, craft,and repair occupations.

2 High correlation characteristics include full-time jobseekers; joblosers; manufacturing workers; and operators, fabricators, and labor-ers. Low correlation characteristics include part-time jobseekers, re-entrants, persons unemployed for less than 5 weeks and from 5 to 14weeks.

174


in monthly estimates. Table 1-H gives factors to be appliedonly to standard errors for monthly levels. Follow thesethree basic steps:

Step 1. Average estimates appropriately. For quarterlyestimates, average the 3 monthly estimates. For yearly es-timates, average the 12 monthly estimates. For changes inconsecutive averages, average over the 2 quarters or 2years. For consecutive year-to-year changes in monthlyestimates, average the 2 months involved.

Step 2. Obtain a standard error on a monthly estimateusing table 1-B or 1-C, or apply the procedures for table1-D or 1-F to the average calculated in step 1, as if theaverage were an estimate for a single month.

Step 3. Determine the standard error on the average oron the estimate of change. Multiply the result from step 2by the appropriate factor from table 1-H.

Illustration. Suppose that standard errors are desired for aquarterly average of black employment levels and for thechange in averages from 1 quarter to the next. For eachsuccessive month of the first quarter, suppose the levels areobserved to be 11,500,000, 11,600,000, and 11,700,000.

Step 1. The quarterly average is 11,600,000.

Step 2. Obtain the a and b parameters from table 1-F("labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than agri-cultural employment and unemployment, black, total").Use the formula for Sx to compute an approximate stan-dard error for a monthly estimate of 11,600,000.

=A/l-0.000113103X11,600,000)2 ,600,000) = 123,000

Step 3. Multiply this result by the factor .87 from table1-H (column labeled "quarterly averages" and row labeled"labor force and not-in-labor-force data other than agri-cultural employment and unemployment, black"). Thisgives an approximate standard error of 107,000 on thequarterly average of 11,600,000.

Proceed to obtain the approximate standard error onthe change in consecutive quarterly average estimates ofblack employment. Assume that black employment esti-mates for the months in the second quarter are observed tobe 11,100,000, 11,200,000, and 11,300,000.

Step 1. The average for the second quarter is 11,200,000.The average of the 2 quarters is 11,400,000.

Step 2. Obtain the a and b parameters as above and usethe formula for sx to compute an approximate standarderror for the estimate of 11,400,000, treating it as an esti-mate for a single month.

a = -0.000113103 = 2613.14

sx=V(-0.000113103)(ll,400,000)2 + (2613.

Step 3. Multiply this result by the factor .84 from table1-H (column labeled "change in quarterly averages" androw labeled "labor force and not-in-labor-force data otherthan agricultural employment and unemployment,black"). This gives an approximate standard error of103,000 on the estimated change of 400,000 from 1 quarterto the next.

The estimated change clearly exceeds 2 standard errors;therefore, one could conclude from these data that thechange in quarterly averages is significant.

Table 1-H. Factors to be used with tables 1-B, 1-C, 1-D, and 1-F to compute the approximate standard errors for levels, rates,and percentages for year-to-year change of monthly estimates, quarterly averages, change in quarterly averages, yearlyaverages, and change in yearly averages

Characteristic


Total or men . . . .WomenBoth sexes, 16 to 19 yearsPart time

Unemployment:

TotalPart time

Labor force and not-in-labor-force data other thanagricultural employment and unemployment:

Total or whiteBlackHispanic originBoth sexes, 16 to 19 yearsPart time

Year-to-yearchange of

monthlyestimate

1.301.301.301.40

1.401.40

1.301.301.301.301.40

Quarterlyaverages

0 92.82.78.80

.74

.67

.87

.87

.87

.79

.82

Factor

Changein

quarterlyaverages

0 70.84.88.80

.88

.88

.85

.84

.80

.88

.90

Yearlyaverages

0 79.57.49.59

.46

.42

.65

.65

.65

.54

.51

Changein

yearlyaverages

0 70.70.70.70

.65

.54

.70

.70

.70

.70

.60

175


Establishment Data("B" tables)

COLLECTION

BLS cooperates with State employment security agen-cies in the Current Employment Statistics (CES) or estab-lishment survey to collect data each month on employ-ment, hours, and earnings from a sample of nonfarm es-tablishments (including government.) In 1992, this sampleincluded over 370,000 reporting units. From these data, alarge number of employment, hours, and earnings series inconsiderable industry and geographic detail are preparedand published each month. Historical statistics can befound in Employment, Hours, and Earnings, UnitedStates, and Employment, Hours, and Earnings, States andAreas. These data are also available in machine-readableformat.

Each month, the State agencies collect data on employ-ment, payrolls, and paid hours from a sample of establish-ments. Data are collected by mail from most respondents;phone collection is used to obtain higher response ratesfrom selected respondents through computer-assisted in-terviews, touch-tone self-response, and'voice recognitiontechnology.

The respondents extract the requested data from theirpayroll records, which must be maintained for a variety oftax and accounting purposes. All firms with 250 em-ployees or more are asked to participate in the survey, aswell as a sample of smaller firms.

A "shuttle" schedule (BLS form 790 series) is used formail respondents. It is submitted each month by the re-spondents, edited by the State agency, and returned to therespondent for use again the following month.

The technical characteristics of the shuttle schedule areparticularly important in maintaining continuity and con-sistency in reporting from month to month. The shuttledesign automatically exhibits the trends of the reporteddata covered by the schedule during the year; therefore,the relationship of the current data to the data for the pre-vious months is shown. The schedule also has operationaladvantages. For example, accuracy and economy areachieved by entering the identification codes and the ad-dress of the reporter only once a year.

All schedules are edited by the State agencies eachmonth to make sure that the data are correctly reportedand that they are consistent with the data reported by theestablishment in earlier months and with the data reportedby other establishments in the industry. The State agenciesforward the data, either on the schedules themselves or inmachine-readable form, to BLS-Washington. They alsouse the information provided on the forms to develop Stateand area estimates of employment, hours, and earnings. AtBLS, the data are edited again by computer to detect pro-cessing and reporting errors which may have been missed

in the initial State editing; the edited data are used to pre-pare national estimates.

It should be noted that for employment, the sum of theState figures will differ from the official U.S. national to-tals because of the effects of differing industrial and geo-graphic stratification and differences in the timing ofbenchmark adjustments.

CONCEPTS

Industrial classificationEstablishments reporting on Form BLS 790 are classi-

fied into industries on the basis of their principal productor activity determined from information on annual salesvolume. Since January 1980, this information is collectedon a supplement to the quarterly unemployment insurancetax reports filed by employers. For an establishment mak-ing more than one product or engaging in more than oneactivity, the entire employment of the establishment is in-cluded under the industry indicated by the principal prod-uct or activity.

All data on employment, hours, and earnings for theNation (beginning with August 1990 data) and for Statesand areas (beginning with January 1990 data) are classi-fied in accordance with the 1987 Standard Industrial Clas-sification Manual (SIC), Office of Management and Bud-get.

Industry employmentEmployment data, except those for the Federal Govern-

ment, refer to persons on establishment payrolls who re-ceived pay for any part of the pay period which includesthe 12th day of the month. For Federal Government estab-lishments, employment figures represent the number ofpersons who occupied positions on the last day of the cal-endar month. Intermittent workers are counted if theyperformed any service during the month.

The data exclude proprietors, the self-employed, unpaidvolunteer or family workers, farm workers, and domesticworkers. Salaried officers of corporations are included.Government employment covers only civilian employees;military personnel are excluded. Employees of the CentralIntelligence Agency and the National Security Agency arealso excluded.

Persons on establishment payrolls who are on paid sickleave (when pay is received directly from the firm), on paidholiday, on paid vacation, or who work during a part of thepay period even though they are unemployed or on strikeduring the rest of the period are counted as employed. Notcounted as employed are persons who are on layoff, onleave without pay, on strike for the entire period, or whowere hired but have not yet reported during the period.

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Indexes of diffusion of employment change (table B-6).These indexes measure the dispersion among industries ofthe change in employment over the specified time span.Beginning with August 1990 data, the overall indexes arecalculated from 356 seasonally adjusted employment se-ries (3-digit industries) covering all nonfarm payroll em-ployment in the private sector. The manufacturing diffu-sion indexes are based on 139 3-digit industries.

To derive the indexes, each component industry is as-signed a value of 0, 50, or 100 percent, depending onwhether its employment showed a decrease, no change, oran increase, respectively, over the time span. The averagevalue (mean) is then calculated, and this percent is the dif-fusion index number.

The reference point for diffusion analysis is 50 percent,the value which indicates that the same number of compo-nent industries had increased as had decreased. Indexnumbers above 50 show that more industries had increas-ing employment, and values below 50 indicate that morehad decreasing employment. The margin between the per-cent that increased and the percent that decreased is equalto the difference between the index and its complement,i.e., 100 minus the index. For example, an index of 65 per-cent means that 30 percent more industries had increasingemployment than had decreasing employment[65-( 100-65) = 30]. However, for dispersion analysis, thedistance of the index number from the 50-percent refer-ence point is the most significant observation.

Although diffusion indexes are commonly interpretedas showing the percent of components that increased overthe time span, it should be remembered that the index re-flects half of the unchanged components as well. (This isthe effect of assigning a value of 50 percent to the un-changed components when computing the index.)

Industry hours and earningsAverage hours and earnings data are derived from re-

ports of payrolls and hours for production and relatedworkers in manufacturing and mining, construction work-ers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in pri-vate service-producing industries.

Production and related workers. This category includesworking supervisors and all nonsupervisory workers (in-cluding group leaders and trainees) engaged in fabricating,processing, assembling, inspecting, receiving, storing,handling, packing, warehousing/shipping, trucking, haul-ing, maintenance, repair, janitorial, guard services, prod-uct development, auxiliary production for plant's own use(e.g., power plant), recordkeeping, and other servicesclosely associated with the above production operations.

Construction workers. This group includes the followingemployees in the construction division: Working supervi-sors, qualified craft workers, mechanics, apprentices,helpers, laborers, etc., engaged in new work, alterations,

demolition, repair, maintenance, etc., whether working atthe site of construction or working in shops or yards at jobs(such as precutting and preassembling) ordinarily per-formed by members of the construction trades.

Nonsupervisory employees. These are employees (not abovethe working supervisory level) such as office and clericalworkers, repairers, salespersons, operators, drivers, physi-cians, lawyers, accountants, nurses, social workers, re-search aides, teachers, drafters, photographers, beauti-cians, musicians, restaurant workers, custodial workers,attendants, line installers and repairers, laborers, janitors,guards, and other employees at similar occupational levelswhose services are closely associated with those of the em-ployees listed.

Payroll. This refers to the payroll for full- and part-timeproduction, construction, or nonsupervisory workers whoreceived pay for any part of the pay period which includesthe 12th day of the month. The payroll is reported beforedeductions of any kind, e.g., for old-age and unemploy-ment insurance, group insurance, withholding tax, bonds,or union dues; also included is pay for overtime, holidays,vacation, and sick leave paid directly by the firm. Bonuses(unless earned and paid regularly each pay period); otherpay not earned in the pay period reported (e.g., retroactivepay); tips; and the value of free rent, fuel, meals, or otherpayment in kind are excluded. Employee benefits (such ashealth and other types of insurance, contributions to re-tirement, etc., paid by the employer) are also excluded.

Hours. These are the hours paid for during the pay periodwhich includes the 12th of the month for production, con-struction, or nonsupervisory workers. Included are hourspaid for holidays, vacations, and for sick leave when pay isreceived directly from the firm.

Overtime hours. These are hours worked by production orrelated workers for which overtime premiums were paidbecause the hours were in excess of the number of hours ofeither the straight-time workday or the workweek duringthe pay period which included the 12th of the month.Weekend and holiday hours are included only if overtimepremiums were paid. Hours for which only shift differen-tial, hazard, incentive, or other similar types of premiumswere paid are excluded.

Average weekly hours. The workweek information relatesto the average hours for which pay was received and is dif-ferent from standard or scheduled hours. Such factors asunpaid absenteeism, labor turnover, part-time work, andstoppages cause average weekly hours to be lower thanscheduled hours of work for an establishment. Group av-erages further reflect changes in the workweek of compo-nent industries.

Indexes of aggregate weekly hours. The indexes of aggre-gate weekly hours are prepared by dividing the current

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month's aggregate by the average of the 12 monthly figuresfor 1982. For basic industries, the hours aggregates are theproduct of average weekly hours and production workeror nonsupervisory worker employment. At all higher lev-els of industry aggregation, hours aggregates are the sumof the component aggregates.

Average overtime hours. The overtime hours represent thatportion of the average weekly hours which exceeded regu-lar hours and for which overtime premiums were paid. Ifan employee were to work on a paid holiday at regularrates, receiving as total compensation his or her holidaypay plus straight-time pay for hours worked that day, noovertime hours would be reported.

Because overtime hours are premium hours by defini-tion, weekly hours and overtime hours do not necessarilymove in the same direction from month to month. Suchfactors as work stoppages, absenteeism, and labor turn-over may not have the same influence on overtime hours ason average hours. Diverse trends at the industry group lev-el also may be caused by a marked change in hours for acomponent industry where little or no overtime wasworked in both the previous and current months.

Average hourly earnings. Average hourly earnings are on a"gross" basis. They reflect not only changes in basic hour-ly and incentive wage rates but also such variable factors aspremium pay for overtime and late-shift work and changesin output of workers paid on an incentive plan. They alsoreflect shifts in the number of employees between relative-ly high-paid and low-paid work and changes in workers'earnings in individual establishments. Averages for groupsand divisions further reflect changes in average hourlyearnings for individual industries.

Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates.Earnings are the actual return to the worker for a statedperiod of time; rates are the amount stipulated for a givenunit of work or time. The earnings series do not measurethe level of total labor costs on the part of the employersince the following are excluded: Irregular bonuses, retro-active items, payments of various welfare benefits, payrolltaxes paid by employers, and earnings for those employeesnot covered under production worker, construction work-er, or nonsupervisory employee definitions.

Average hourly earnings, including lump-sum wage pay-ments. These series are compiled only for aircraft (SIC3721) and guided missiles and space vehicles (SIC 3761)manufacturing. The same concepts and estimation meth-ods apply to these series as apply to the average hourlyearnings series described above; the one difference be-tween the series is definitional. The payroll data used tocalculate this series include lump-sum payments made toproduction workers in lieu of general wage rate increases;such payments are excluded from the definition of gross

payrolls used to calculate the other average hourly earn-ings series.

For each sample establishment in SIC 3721 and SIC3761 covered by a lump-sum agreement, the reported pay-roll data are adjusted to include a prorated portion of thelump-sum payment. Such payments are generally madeonce a year and cover the following 12-month period. Inorder to spread the payment across this time period, a pro-rated portion of the payment is added to the payroll eachmonth. This prorated portion is adjusted by an exit rate toreduce the lump-sum amount to account for persons whoreceived the payment but left before the payment alloca-tion period expired.

Average hourly earnings, excluding overtime. Averagehourly earnings, excluding overtime premium pay arecomputed by dividing the total production worker payrollfor the industry group by the sum of total productionworker hours and one-half of total overtime hours. No ad-justments are made for other premium payment provi-sions, such as holiday work, late-shift work, and overtimerates other than time and one-half.

Railroad hours and earnings. The figures for Class I rail-roads (excluding switching and terminal companies) arebased on monthly data summarized in the M-300 report ofthe Interstate Commerce Commission and relate to all em-ployees except executives, officials, and staff assistants(ICC group I) who received pay during the month. Aver-age hourly earnings are computed by dividing total com-pensation by total hours paid for. Average weekly hoursare obtained by dividing the total number of hours paidfor, reduced to a weekly basis, by the number of em-ployees, as defined above. Average weekly earnings arederived by multiplying average weekly hours by averagehourly earnings.

Average weekly earnings. These estimates are derived bymultiplying average weekly hours estimates by averagehourly earnings estimates. Therefore, weekly earnings areaffected not only by changes in average hourly earningsbut also by changes in the length of the workweek. Month-ly variations in such factors as the proportion of part-timeworkers, stoppages for varying reasons, labor turnoverduring the survey period, and absenteeism for which em-ployees are not paid may cause the average workweek tofluctuate.

Long-term trends of average weekly earnings can be af-fected by structural changes in the makeup of the workforce. For example, persistent long-term increases in theproportion of part-time workers in retail trade and manyof the services industries have reduced average workweeksin these industries and have affected the average weeklyearnings series.

Real earnings. These earnings are in constant dollars andare calculated from the earnings averages for the current

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month using a deflator derived from the Consumer PriceIndex for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers(CPI-W). The reference year for these series is 1982.

ESTIMATING METHODS

The Current Employment Statistics (CES) or establish-ment survey estimates of employment are generatedthrough an annual benchmark and monthly sample linkprocedure. Annual universe counts or benchmark levelsare generated primarily from administrative records onemployees covered by unemployment insurance (UI) taxlaws. These annual benchmarks, established for March ofeach year, are projected forward for each subsequentmonth based on the trend of the sample employment, us-ing an estimation procedure called the link relative.Benchmarks and sample link relatives are computed foreach of 1,690 basic estimation cells defined by industry,size, and geography for the CES national estimates, andsummed to create aggregate level employment estimates.

BenchmarksThe establishment survey constructs annual bench-

marks in order to realign the sample-based employmenttotals for March of each year with the Ul-based popula-tion counts for March. These population counts are muchless timely than sample-based estimates; however, theyprovide an annual point-in-time census for employment.

Population counts are derived from the administrativefile of employees covered by UI. All employers covered byUI laws are required to report employment and wage in-formation to the appropriate State employment securityagency four times a year. Approximately 99 percent of in-scope private employment is covered by UI. A benchmarkfor the remaining 1 percent is constructed from alternatesources, primarily records from the Interstate CommerceCommission and the Social Security Administration. Thefull benchmark developed for March replaces the Marchsample-based estimate, for each basic cell. The monthlysample-based estimates for the year preceding and the yearfollowing the benchmark are also then subject to revision.

Monthly estimates for the year preceding the Marchbenchmark are readjusted using a "wedge back" proce-dure. The difference between the final benchmark leveland the previously published March sample estimate iscalculated and spread back across the previous 11 months.The wedge is linear; eleven-twelfths of the March differ-ence is added to the February estimates, ten-twelfths to theJanuary estimates, and so on, back to the previous Aprilestimates which receive one-twelfth of the March differ-ence. This assumes that the total estimation error since thelast benchmark accumulated at a steady rate throughoutthe current benchmark year.

Estimates for the 11 months following the Marchbenchmark are also recalculated each year. These post-benchmark estimates reflect the application of sample-

based monthly changes to new benchmark levels forMarch, and the recomputation of bias adjustment factorsfor each month. Bias factors are updated to take into ac-count the most recent experience of the estimates gener-ated by the monthly sample versus the full universe countsderived from the UI.

Following the revision of basic employment estimates,all other derivative series (e.g., production workers, aver-age hourly earnings) are also recalculated. New seasonaladjustment factors are calculated and all data series for theprevious 5 years are reseasonally adjusted, prior to fullpublication of all revised data in June of each year.

Monthly estimationEstimates are derived from a sample of approximately

370,000 business establishments nationwide. A currentmonth's estimate is derived as the product of the previousmonth's estimate and a sample link relative for the currentmonth. A bias adjustment factor is then applied to this re-sult primarily to help account for new business births dur-ing the month.

Stratification. The sample is stratified into 1,690 basic esti-mation cells for purposes of computing national employ-ment, hours, and earnings estimates. Cells are defined pri-marily by detailed industry, and secondarily by size for amajority of cells. In a few industries, mostly within theconstruction division, geographic stratification is alsoused. Industry classification is in accordance with the1987 Standard Industrial Classification Manual (SIC);most estimation cells are defined at the 4-digit SIC level.

This detailed stratification pattern allows for the pro-duction and publication of estimates in considerable in-dustry detail. Sub-industry stratification by size is impor-tant because major statistics which the survey measures,particularly employment change and average earnings, of-ten vary significantly between establishments of differentsize. Stratification reduces the variance of the publishedindustry level estimates.

Link relative technique. A ratio of the previous to the cur-rent month's employment is computed from a sample ofestablishments reporting for both months —this ratio iscalled a "link relative." For each basic cell, a link relative iscomputed and applied to the previous month's employ-ment estimate to derive the current month's estimate.Thus a March benchmark is moved forward to the nextMarch benchmark through application of monthly linkrelatives. Basic cell estimates created through the link rela-tive technique are aggregated to form published industrylevel estimates, for employment, as described in table 2-A.Basic estimation and aggregation methods for the hoursand earnings data are also shown in table 2-A.

Bias adjustment. Bias adjustment factors are computed atthe 3-digit SIC level, and applied each month at the

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Table 2-A. Summary of methods for computing industry statistics on employment, hours, and earnings

Employment, hours,and earnings

All employees

Production or nonsupervisory work-ers, women employees


Average weekly overtime hours . . . .



All employees, women employees,and production or nonsupervisoryworkers


Average weekly overtime hours . . . .



Basic estimating cell (industry, region,size or region/size cell)

Aggregate industry level (divisionand, where stratified, industry)

Monthly data

All-employee estimate for previous month multi-plied by ratio of all employees in current month toall employees in previous month, for sampleestablishments which reported for both months.1

All-employee estimate for current month multipliedby (1) ratio of production or nonsupervisory work-ers to all employees in sample establishments forcurrent month, (2) estimated ratio of women to allemployees.2

Production or nonsupervisory worker hours di-vided by number of production or nonsupervisoryworkers.2

Production worker overtime hours divided by num-ber of production workers.2

Total production or nonsupervisory worker payrolldivided by total production or nonsupervisoryworker hours.2

Product of average weekly hours and averagehourly earnings.

Sum of all-employee estimates for componentcells.

Sum of production or nonsupervisory worker esti-mates, or estimates of women employees, forcomponent cells.

Average, weighted by production or nonsupervi-sory worker employment, of the average weeklyhours for component cells.

Average, weighted by production worker employ-ment, of the average weekly overtime hours forcomponent cells.

Average, weighted by aggregate hours, of the av-erage hourly earnings for component cells.


Annual average data

Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Annual total of aggregate hours (production ornonsupervisory worker employment multiplied byaverage weekly hours) divided by annual sum ofemployment.

Annual total of aggregate overtime hours (produc-tion worker employment multiplied by averageweekly overtime hours) divided by annual sum ofemployment.

Annual total of aggregate payrolls (product of pro-duction or nonsupervisory worker employment byweekly hours and hourly earnings) divided by an-nual aggregate hours.


Sum of monthly estimates divided by 12.

Annual total of aggregate hours for production ornonsupervisory workers divided by annual sum ofemployment for these workers.

Annual total of aggregate overtime hours for pro-duction workers divided by annual sum of employ-ment for these workers.

Annual total of aggregate payrolls divided by an-nual aggregate hours.


1 The estimates are computed by multiplying the above product bybias adjustment factors, which compensate for the underrepresen-tation of newly formed enterprises and other sources of bias in thesample.

2 The sample production-worker ratio, women-worker ratio, averageweekly hours, average overtime hours, and average hourly

earnings are modified by a wedging technique designed to compen-sate for changes in the sample arising mainly from the voluntarycharacter of the reporting. The wedging procedure accepts theadvantage of continuity from the use of the matched sample and, atthe same time, tapers or wedges the estimate toward the level of thelatest sample average.

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basic cell level, as part of the standard estimation proce-dures. The main purpose of bias adjustment is to reduce aprimary source of nonsampling error in the survey, the in-ability to capture, on a timely basis, employment gener-ated by new firm births. There is a several month lag be-tween an establishment opening for business and its ap-pearing on the UI universe frame and being available forsampling. Because new firms generate a portion of em-ployment growth each month of the year, nonsamplingmethods must be used to capture this growth, otherwisesubstantial under estimation of total employment levelswould occur. Formal bias adjustment procedures havebeen used by the establishment survey since the late1960's. Prior to the 1983 benchmark, bias adjustmentswere derived from a simple mean error model, which aver-aged undercount errors for the previous 3 years to arrive atbias projections for the coming year. The undercounterrors were measured as the difference between sample-based estimate results and benchmark levels.

This procedure eventually proved inadequate duringperiods of rapidly changing employment trends, and thebias adjustment methodology was revised. Research donein the early 1980's indicated that bias requirements werestrongly correlated with current employment growth ordecline. Based on this research, a revised method was de-veloped which incorporated the sample data on employ-ment growth over the most recent two quarters, and a re-gression-derived coefficient for the significance of thatchange, to adjust the mean error model results. Thischange in methodology provided a more cyclically sensi-tive bias model. The regression-adjusted mean error modelhas been in use since 1983, for the production of nationalestimates.

The current model still has limitations in its ability toreact to changing economic conditions or changing errorstructure relationships between the sample-based esti-mates and the UI universe counts. A principal limitation isthe inability to incorporate UI universe counts as they be-come available on an ongoing basis, with a 6- to 9-monthlag from the reference period. Thus, the current quarterlyoutputs from the model are subject to intervention analy-sis, and adjustments can be made to its results, prior to theestablishment of final bias levels for a quarter. Review isdone primarily in terms of detection of outlier (i.e., abnor-mally high or low) values, and by comparison of CES sam-ple and bias trends with the most recent quarterly observa-tions of UI universe counts. The BLS currently has understudy improved bias models using a Kalman filter tech-nique, which would allow a more formal, structured incor-poration of each quarter's UI universe counts in the biasmodeling process.

Although the primary function of bias adjustment is toaccount for employment resulting from new business for-mations, it also adjusts for other elements of nonsamplingerror in the survey, because the primary input to the mod-

eling procedure is total estimation error. Significantamong these nonsampling error sources is a business deathbias. When a sampled firm closes down, most often it sim-ply does not respond to the survey that month, rather thanreporting zero employment. Foliowup with nonrespond-ents may reveal an out-of-business firm, but this informa-tion is often received too late to incorporate into monthlyestimates, and the firm is simply treated as a nonrespond-ent for that month.

Because the bias adjustments incorporated into the esti-mates represent a composite of a birth bias, death bias, anda number of other differences between the sample-basedestimates and the population counts, the monthly bias ad-justment levels have no specific economic meaning in andof themselves.

Table 2-B summarizes bias adjustments made over thepast 10 years. The table displays the average monthly "biasadded" and the average monthly "bias required" with thebenchmark revisions for each year. Bias added shows theaverage amount of bias which was added each month overthe course of an interbenchmark period. For example, thebias added for 1984 is listed as 140,000; this represents theaverage of bias adjustments made each month over theperiod April 1983 through May 1984. Bias required iscomputed retrospectively, after the March benchmark fora given year is known. Bias required figures are calculatedby taking the difference between a March estimate derivedpurely from the sample (i.e., a series calculated withoutbias adjustment) and the March benchmark. Dividing thisfigure by 12 gives the average monthly bias required fig-ure. The bias required is thus defined as the amount of biasadjustment which would have achieved a zero benchmarkerror. The difference between the total bias required andthe total bias added is then, by definition, approximatelythe benchmark revision amount, for any given year. Alsoprovided in the table for illustration, are the March-to-March changes. As discussed above, the over-the-yearchanges indicate correlation with the bias added and biasrequired figures.

THE SAMPLE

DesignThe emphasis in the establishment survey is on produc-

ing timely data at minimum cost. Therefore, the primarygoal of its design is to sample a sufficiently large segmentof the universe to provide reliable estimates that can bepublished both promptly and regularly. The present sam-ple allows BLS to produce preliminary total nonfarm em-ployment estimates for each month, including some lim-ited industry detail, within 3 weeks after the reference peri-od, and data in considerably more detail with an addition-al one-month lag.

The sampling plan used in the establishment survey is a

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form of sampling with probability proportionate to size,known as "sampling proportionate to average size of es-tablishment." This is an optimum allocation design amongstrata because sampling variance is proportional to the av-erage size of establishments. The universe of establishmentemployment is highly skewed, with a large percentage oftotal employment concentrated in relatively few establish-ments. Because variance on a population total estimate is afunction of percentage universe coverage achieved by thesample, it is efficient to sample larger establishments at ahigher rate than smaller establishments, assuming the costper sample unit is fairly constant across size classes.

Under the establishment survey design, large establish-ments fall into a certainty strata for sample selection. Thesize of the sample for the various industries is determinedempirically on the basis of experience and cost consider-ations. For example, in a manufacturing industry with ahigh proportion of total employment concentrated in asmall number of establishments, a larger percent of totalemployment is included in the sample. Consequently, thesample design for such industries provides for a completecensus of the large establishments, with a relatively fewchosen from among the smaller establishments. For an in-dustry in which a large proportion of total employment isconcentrated in small establishments, the sample designagain calls for inclusion of all large establishments but alsofor a more substantial number of smaller ones. Many in-dustries in the trade and services divisions fall into thiscategory. To keep the sample to a size which can be han-dled by available resources, it is necessary to have a sampledesign for these industries with a smaller proportion of to-tal universe coverage than is the case for most manufactur-ing industries.

CoverageThe establishment survey is the largest monthly sam-

pling operation in the field of social statistics. Table 2-Cshows the latest benchmark employment levels and the ap-proximate proportion of total universe employment cover-age, at the total nonfarm and major industry division lev-els. The coverage for individual industries within the divi-sions may vary from the proportions shown.

ReliabilityThe establishment survey, like other sample surveys, is

subject to two types of error, sampling and nonsamplingerror. The magnitude of sampling error, or variance, is di-rectly related to the size of the sample and the percentageof universe coverage achieved by the sample. The estab-lishment survey sample covers over one-third of total uni-verse employment; this yields a very small variance on thetotal nonfarm estimates. Measurements of error asso-ciated with sample estimates are provided in tables 2-Dthrough 2-G.

Benchmark revision as a measure of survey error. The sumof sampling and nonsampling error can be considered totalsurvey error. Unlike most sample surveys which publishsampling error as their only measure of error, the CES canderive an annual approximation of total error, on a laggedbasis, because of the availability of the independentlyderived universe data. While the benchmark error is usedas a measure of total error for the CES survey estimate,technically, it actually represents the difference betweentwo independent estimates derived from separate surveyprocesses (i.e., the CES sample process and the UI uni-verse process) and thus reflects the errors present in

Table 2-B. March employment benchmarks and bias adjustments for total private industries, March 1983-92

Year

19831984198519861987198819891990 '19911992

Benchmark

Employment1

72,04376,37179,44681,20483,17386,18089,01590,54688,79088,347

Revision2

-78341

-131-400

21-310

-93-261-583-130

Average monthly bias

Added3

10214015214998

114131856133

Required4

961691411169988

123631222

Over-the-yearemployment

change5

-1,3274,3283,0751,7581,9693,0072,8351,531

-1,756-443

1 Universe counts for March of each year used to make annualbenchmark adjustments to the employment estimates. About 99 per-cent of the benchmark employment is from unemployment insuranceadministrative records, and the remaining 1 percent is from alternatesources. Data represent benchmark levels as originally computed;levels for 1983-90 were subsequently corrected.

2 Difference between the final March sample-based estimate andthe benchmark level for total private employment.

3 The average amount of bias adjustment each month over the

course of an inter-benchmark period, i.e., from April of the prior yearthrough March of the given year.

4 The difference between the March benchmark and the March es-timate derived solely from the sample without bias adjustment, con-verted to a monthly amount by dividing by 12.

5 March-to-March changes in the benchmark employment level.NOTE: Data in this table exclude government employment be-

cause there is no bias adjustment for this sector.

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each program. Historically, the benchmark revision hasbeen very small for total nonfarm employment. Over thepast decade, percentage benchmark error has averaged 0.2percent, with a range from zero to 0.6 percent. Table 2-Dshows the most current benchmark revisions, along with10-year mean revisions and mean absolute revisions formajor industries. Mean revisions give an indication of biasin the estimates; unbiased estimates have a mean revisionclose to zero, as over and under estimations cancel outover time. Mean absolute revisions give an overall indica-tor as to the accuracy of the estimates; the larger the value,the further the estimate was from the final benchmarklevel.

An alternate measure for determining the reliability ofthe employment estimates for individual industries is theroot-mean-square error. This measure is the standard de-viation adjusted for the bias in the estimates:

' (standard deviation)2 + (bias)2

If the bias is small, the chances are about 19 out of 20that the difference would be less than twice the root-mean-square error.

Approximations of the root-mean-square errors ofdifferences between final estimates and benchmarks arepresented in table 2-E.

Noneconomic code changes. A major source of benchmarkrevision at the major industry division level and below arenoneconomic code changes, which are introduced into theuniverse data in the first quarter of each calendar year.

Approximately one-third of all establishments in theuniverse are included in the universe program's annualStandard Industrial Classification (SIC) refiling survey.Corrections to individual establishments SIC and owner-ship codes are made through this process. The refilingcycle is such that every third year entire division(s) aresubject to refiling. The volume of these adjustments is gen-erally quite large and has a substantial impact on universeemployment counts at the industry levels, although the to-tal nonfarm employment level remains unaffected. For ex-ample, in a year when the services division is refiled, a sub-stantial amount of employment is usually reclassified outof services to other major divisions, thus, lowering thebenchmark level for services, and potentially causing a sig-nificant downward revision in the services employment to-tals previously published.

Hours and earnings. The hours and earnings estimates forthe basic estimating cells do not have universe data sourcesavailable and therefore are not subject to benchmark revi-sions, although the broader groupings may be affected

slightly by changes in employment weights. The hours andearnings estimates, however, are subject to sampling er-rors, which may be expressed as relative errors of the esti-mates. (A relative error is a standard error expressed as apercent of the estimate.) Relative errors for major indus-tries are presented in table 2-F and for individual industrieswith the specified number of employees in table 2-E. Thechances are about 2 out of 3 that the hours and earningsestimates from the sample would differ by a smaller per-centage than the relative error from the averages thatwould have been obtained from a complete census.

Revisions between preliminary and final data. First prelim-inary estimates of employment, hours, and earnings, basedon less than the total sample, are published immediatelyfollowing the reference month. Final revised sample-basedestimates are published 2 months later when nearly all thereports in the sample have been received. Table 2-G pres-ents the root-mean-square error, the mean percent, andthe mean absolute percent revision that may be expectedbetween the preliminary and final employment estimates.

Table 2-C. Employment benchmarks and approximate cover-age of BLS employment and payrolls sample, March 1992

Industry

Total

MiningConstructionManufacturingTransportation andpublic utilities . . . .

Wholesale trade .. .Retail tradeFinance, insurance,and real estate . . .

ServicesGovernment:

FederalStateLocal

Bench-marks

(thousands)

107,300

6344,117

17,973

5,6555,993

18,855

6,53428,586

2,9744,494

11,485

Sample coverage1

Number ofestablish-

ments

308,646

3,72325,78656,010

215,74326,00262,769

22,70972,661

(3)5,586

17,657

Employees

Number(thousands)

41,726

276831

8,967

2,3081,1494,534

2,1227,253

2,9743,6567,656

Percentof

bench-marks

39

442050

411924

3225

1008167

1 Counts reflect reports used in final estimates. Because not allestablishments report payroll and hours information, hours and earn-ings estimates are based on a smaller sample than employment esti-mates.

2 The Interstate Commerce Commission provides a complete countof employment for Class I railroads. A small sample is used to estimatehours and earnings data.

3 Total Federal employment counts by agency for use in nationalestimates are provided to BLS by the Office of Personnel Management.Detailed industry estimates for the Executive Branch, as well as Stateand area estimates of Federal employment, are based on a sample of5,623 reports covering about 60 percent of employment in Federalestablishments.

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Table 2-D. Current (March 1992) and historical benchmark revisions(Numbers in thousands)

Industry

March 1992benchmark revision

Level Percent

10-year averagemean percent revision1

Actual Absolute

Total

Total private

Goods-producing

MiningOil and gas extraction

ConstructionGeneral building contractors

Manufacturing


Blastfurnaces and basic steel productsFabricated metal productsIndustrial machinery and equipmentElectronic and other electrical equipment .Transportation equipment


Nondurable goodsFood and kindred productsTobacco productsTextile mill productsApparel and other textile productsPaper and allied productsPrinting and publishingChemicals and allied productsPetroleum and coal productsRubber and miscellaneous plastics productsLeather and leather products

Service-producing

Transportation and public utilities . . . .TransportationCommunications and public utilities


Retail tradeGeneral merchandise storesFood storesAuto dealers and service stations . .Eating and drinking places

Finance, insurance, and real estate . .FinanceInsuranceReal estate

ServicesBusiness servicesHealth services ..

GovernmentFederal. . .StateLocal

-59

-130

-263

-5-4

-109-36

-149

-101-12

9-6

-11-3

-12-23-22-4-1

-19-2

-48-16

0-7

-13-1

-17114

-5-4

204

-33-33

0

442222

164850

-39115

-100-75-7

-18

582

20

710

2744

-0.1

-1.2

-.8-1.1

-2.6-3.6

-.8

-1.0-1.81.9

-1.2-1.6-1.2

-.9-1.2-1.4

-.2-.1

-2.0-.6

-.6-1.0

0-1.0-1.3-.1

-1.11.02.5-.6

-3.4

.2

-.6-1.0

0

.7

.6

.9

.93.6

0-2.01.8

-1.5-2.4

-.3-1.4

.2(2).2

.40.6A

-0.1

-.2

-.7

-2.5-2.7

-.5-.5

-.6

-.6-1.2

-.3-.4-.7-.1-.7

-1.0-1.1

.3

.7-.5

-1.2

-.6-.8-.3-.4

-1.0-.2-.3-.4-.1-.7

-2.3

-.5-.8-.1

-.4-.7.1

.3

.7-.7-.5.8

-.5-.7

0-.5

.1

.3-.5

.10.40

0.2

.3

.7

2.52.9

1.42.0

.7

.71.4.9

1.01.01.5.9

1.21.21.11.31.71.3

.71.03.8

.61.3.5.9.8

1.51.63.6

.3

.61.2.7

1.01.1.8

.61.91.21.31.3

.6

.8

.81.4

.51.6.9

.30.7.4

1 Data relate to the 1983-92 benchmarks, as originally published.Benchmark levels for 1982-90 were subsequently corrected.

2 Less than 0.05 percent.

184


Table 2-E. Root-mean-square errors of differences betweenbenchmarks and estimates of employment and averagerelative errors for average weekly hours and averagehourly earnings

Size of employmentestimate

50,000100,000200,000500,0001,000,0002,000,000

Root-mean-squareerror of

employmentestimates1

2,1003,9005,600

14,00015,00026,000

Relative error2

(in percent)

Averageweeklyhours

2.21.31.1.9.8.5

Averagehourly

earnings

4.02.32.01.61.2.9

1 Assuming 12-month intervals between benchmark revisions.2 Relative errors relate to 1982 data.

Table 2-F. Relative errors for average weekly hours andaverage hourly earnings by industry

(In percent)

Industry

Total privateMiningConstructionManufacturing



Wholesale tradeRetail tradeFinance, insurance, andreal estate

Services

Relative error1

Averageweekly hours

0.11.0.2.1.1.1

.7

.2

.2

.2

.4

Averagehourly

earnings

0.21.3.5.2.3.2

.6

.4

.4

.4

.6

Relative errors relate to 1982 data.

The interpretation of these measures is parallel to the de-scription above for revisions between final sample-basedestimates and benchmarks (i.e., tables 2-C and 2-E).

Revisions of preliminary hours and earnings estimatesare normally not greater than 0.1 of an hour for weeklyhours and 1 cent for hourly earnings, at the total privatenonfarm level, and may be slightly larger for the more de-tailed industry groupings.

STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS

(Tables B-7, B-14, and B-18)As explained earlier, State agencies in cooperation with

BLS collect and prepare State and area employment,hours, and earnings data. These statistics are based on thesame establishment reports used by BLS, however, BLSuses the full CES sample to produce monthly national em-ployment estimates, while each State agency uses its por-tion of the sample to independently develop a State em-ployment estimate.

The CES area statistics relate to metropolitan areas.Definitions for all areas are published each year in the is-sue of Employment and Earnings that contains State andarea annual averages (usually the May issue). Changes indefinitions are noted as they occur. Additional industrydetail may be obtained from the State agencies listed on theinside back cover of each issue.

Caution in aggregating State data. The national estimationprocedures used by BLS are designed to produce accuratenational data by detailed industry; correspondingly theState estimation procedures are designed to produce accu-rate data for each individual State. State estimates are notforced to sum to national totals nor vice versa. Becauseeach State series is subject to larger sampling and nonsam-pling errors than the national series, summing them cumu-lates individual State level errors and can cause distortionsat an aggregate level. This has been a particular problem atturning points in the U.S. economy, when the majority ofthe individual State errors tend to be in the same direction.Due to these statistical limitations, the Bureau does notcompile or publish a "sum-of-States" employment series.Additionally, BLS cautions users that such a series is sub-ject to a relatively large and volatile error structure, partic-ularly at turning points.

185


Table 2-G. Errors of preliminary employment estimates

Industry Root-mean-square errorof monthly level

Mean percent revision

Absolute

Total

Total private

Goods-producing industries

MiningOil and gas extraction

ConstructionGeneral building contractors

Manufacturing


Blast furnaces and basic steel productsFabricated metal productsIndustrial machinery and equipment . . . .Electronic and other electrical equipmentTransportation equipment

Motor vehicles and equipmentAircraft and parts1

Instruments and related productsMiscellaneous manufacturing

Nondurable goodsFood and kindred productsTobacco products :Textile mill productsApparel and other textile productsPaper and allied productsPrinting and publishingChemicals and allied productsPetroleum and coal productsRubber and misc. plastics productsLeather and leather products

Service-producing industries

Transportation and public utilitiesTransportation

Trucking and warehousing1

Transportation by air1



Retail tradeGeneral merchandise storesFood storesAutomotive dealers and service stations . . .Apparel and accessory stores1

Eating and drinking places

Finance, insurance, and real estateFinance

Depository institutions1

InsuranceReal estate

ServicesAgricultural services1

Hotels and other lodging places1

Personal Services1

Business servicesPersonnel supply services1

78,200

55,500

17,900

2,6002,300

10,8004,600

12,500

9,3001,5001,4001,3001,8001,4002,2003,0003,3004,5003,8001,6001,9001,500

7,0004,300

6001,8002,8001,5001,8001,800

8001,700

900

71,700

9,1007,4005,3002,4004,400

6,3004,0004,000

27,50013,8006,2004,4006,8008,000

7,4004,8003,7003,2004,000

32,9002,9006,3009,800

14,50010,400

0.0

0

0

0.1

.1

.1

0000

-.1-.2000

-.10

-.100

00.200000

-.10

-.1

0.00

-.1-.1

000

000000

00

-.10.1

000

-.1.1.3

0.1

0

.1

.3

.4

.2

.2

.1

.2

.2

.2

.2

.4

.1

.1

.1

.2

.4

.2

.2

.3

.1

.21.0.2.2.2.1.1.4.2.6

.1

.2

.2

.3

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.4

.2

.1

.4

.1

.1

.1

.1

.1

.2

.1

.5

.3

.6

.2

.5

186


Table 2-G. Errors of preliminary employment estimates —Continued

Industry

Service-producing industries —Continued

Auto repair, services, and parking1

Miscellaneous repair services1

Motion pictures1

Amusement and recreation services1

Health servicesHospitals1

Legal services1

Educational services1

Social services1

Museums and botanical and zoological gardens1 . . .Membership organizations1

Engineering and management services1


Root-mean-square errorof monthly level

2,9001,5004,700

14,5008,1003,7001,700

11,5007,300

7004,3003,400

47,00015,10019,10030,000

Mean percent revision

Actual

-.1-.1

0.700

-.100

-.400

0.100

Absolute

.2

.31.01.1.1.1.1.5.3.8.2.1

.2

.4

.3

.2

1 Data based on differences from January 1990 through December1992.

NOTE: Errors are based on differences from January 1988 through

December 1992. Data used in the computations for several industriesare not strictly comparable due to changes in the industrial classifica-tion system, unless otherwise noted.

187


Regional, State, and Area Labor Force Data("C" tables)

FEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVE PROGRAM

Labor force and unemployment estimates for States,labor market areas (LMA's), and other areas coveredunder Federal assistance programs are developed by Stateemployment security agencies under a Federal-Statecooperative program. The local unemployment estimateswhich derive from standardized procedures developed byBLS are the basis for determining eligibility of an area forbenefits under Federal programs such as the Job Trainingand Partnership Act.

Annual average data for the States and over 260 areasshown in table C-3 are published in Employment andEarnings (usually the May issue). For regions, States,selected metropolitan areas, and central cities, annualaverage data classified by selected demographic, social,and economic characteristics are published in the BLSbulletin, Geographic Profile of Employment and Unem-ployment.

Labor force estimates for counties, cities, and othersmall areas have been prepared for administration ofvarious Federal economic assistance programs and may beordered from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S.Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. Thereport "Unemployment in States and Local Areas" ispublished monthly through GPO and is available inmicrofiche form only, on a subscription basis.

ESTIMATING METHODS

Monthly labor force, employment, and unemploymentestimates are prepared for the 50 States, the District ofColumbia, and over 6,500 areas, including nearly 2,400LMA's, counties, and cities with a population of 25,000 ormore. The estimation methods are described below forStates (and the District of Columbia) and for sub-Stateareas. At the sub-LMA level, (county and city), estimatesare prepared using disaggregation techniques based ondecennial and annual population estimates and currentunemployment insurance data. A more detailed descrip-tion of the estimation procedure is contained in the BLSdocument, Manual for Developing Local Area Unemploy-ment Statistics.

Estimates for States

Current monthly estimates. The civilian labor force andunemployment estimates for 11 large States — California,Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey,

New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, andTexas —are sufficiently reliable to be taken directly fromthe Current Population Survey (CPS) on a monthly basis.These are termed "direct-use States." For a description ofthe CPS concepts, see "Household Data," above.

For the 39 smaller States and the District of Columbia,which do not use the CPS directly each month, modelsbased on a "signal-plus-noise" approach are used todevelop employment and unemployment estimates. Theseare the "non-direct-use" States. The model of the signal is atime series model of the true labor force which consists ofthree components: A variable coefficient regression, aflexible trend, and a flexible seasonal component. Theregression techniques are based on historical and currentrelationships found within each State's economy asreflected in the different sources of data that are availablefor each State —the CPS, the Current EmploymentStatistics (CES) survey, and the unemployment insurance(UI) system. The noise component of the models explicitlyaccounts for autocorrelation in the CPS sampling errorand changes in the average magnitude of the error. Inaddition, the models can identify and remove the effects ofoutliers in the historical CPS series. While all the Statemodels have important components in common, theydiffer somewhat from one another to better reflectindividual State characteristics.

Two models —one for the employment-to-populationratio and one for the unemployment rate —are used foreach State. The employment-to-population ratio, ratherthan the employment level, and the unemployment rate,rather than the unemployment level, are estimatedprimarily because these ratios are usually more meaning-ful for economic analysis.

The employment-to-population ratio models use the re-lationship between the State's monthly employment fromthe CES and the CPS. The models also include trend andseasonal components to account for movements in theCPS not captured by the CES series. The seasonal compo-nent accounts for the seasonally in the CPS not explainedby the CES while the trend component adjusts for long-run systematic differences between the two series.

The unemployment rate models use the relationshipbetween the State's monthly unemployment insuranceclaims data and the CPS unemployment rate, along withtrend and seasonal components.

In both the employment-to-population ratio andunemployment rate models, an important feature is theuse of a technique that allows the equations to adjust

188


automatically to structural changes that occur. Theregression portion of the model includes a built-in tuningmechanism, known as the Kalman Filter, which revises amodel's coefficients when the new data that becomeavailable each month indicate that changes in the datarelationships have taken place. Once the estimates aredeveloped from the models, levels are calculated for theemployment, unemployment, and labor force levels.

Benchmark correction procedures. Once each year, month-ly estimates for the 39 non-direct-use States and theDistrict of Columbia are adjusted, or benchmarked, byBLS to the annual average CPS estimates. The bench-marking technique employs a procedure (called theDenton method) which adjusts the annual average of themodels to equal the CPS annual average, while preserving,as much as possible, the original monthly seasonal patternof the model estimates.

In the 11 direct-use States, no benchmark correction isrequired; the average of the 12 monthly State CPS esti-mates will equal the CPS annual averages.

Estimates for sub-State areasMonthly labor force and employment estimates for two

large sub-State areas —New York City and the LosAngeles-Long Beach metropolitan area —are obtaineddirectly from the CPS. Estimates for the nearly 2,400LMA's, are prepared through indirect estimation tech-niques, described below.

Preliminary estimate—employment. The total civilianemployment estimates are based on CES data. These"place-of-work" estimates must be adjusted to refer toplace of residence as used in the CPS. Factors for adjustingfrom place of work to place of residence have been

developed for several categories of employment on thebasis of employment relationships at the time of the 1990decennial census. These factors are applied to the CESestimates for the current period to obtain adjustedemployment estimates, to which are added estimates foremployment not represented in the CES —agriculturalemployees, nonagricultural self-employed and unpaidfamily workers, and private household workers.

Preliminary estimate—unemployment. In the currentmonth, the estimate of unemployment is an aggregate ofthe estimates for each of three categories: (1) Persons whowere previously employed in industries covered by StateUI laws; (2) those previously employed in industries notcovered by these laws; and (3) those who were entering thecivilian labor force for the first time or reentering after aperiod of separation.

Sub-State adjustment for additivity. Estimates of employ-ment and unemployment are prepared for the State andLMA's within the State. The LMA estimates geographi-cally exhaust the entire State. Thus, a proportionaladjustment must be applied to all sub-State LMAestimates to ensure that they add to the independentlyestimated State totals for employment and unemploy-ment.

Benchmark correction. At the end of each year, sub-Stateestimates are revised. The revisions incorporate anychanges in the inputs, such as revisions in the CES-basedemployment figures, corrections in claims counts, and up-dated historical relationships. The corrected estimates arethen readjusted to add to the revised (benchmarked) Stateestimates of employment and unemployment.

189


Seasonal Adjustment

Over the course of a year, the size of the Nation's laborforce, the levels of employment and unemployment, andother measures of labor market activity undergo sharpfluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes inweather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, majorholidays, and the opening and closing of schools. Becausethese seasonal events follow a more or less regular patterneach year, their influence on statistical trends can beeliminated by adjusting the statistics from month tomonth. These adjustments make it easier to observe thecyclical and other nonseasonal movements in the series. Inevaluating changes in a seasonally adjusted series, it isimportant to note that seasonal adjustment is merely anapproximation based on past experience. Seasonallyadjusted estimates have a broader margin of possible errorthan the original data on which they are based, becausethey are subject not only to sampling and other errors butare also affected by the uncertainties of the seasonaladjustment process itself. Seasonally adjusted series forselected labor force and establishment-based data arepublished monthly in Employment and Earnings.

Since January 1980, national labor force data have beenseasonally adjusted with a procedure called X-ll ARIMA(Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average), which wasdeveloped at Statistics Canada as an extension of the stan-dard X-ll method. A detailed description of the proce-dure appears in The X-ll ARIMA Seasonal AdjustmentMethod by Estela Bee Dagum, Statistics Canada Cata-logue No. 12-564E, January 1983.

At the beginning of each calendar year, projectedseasonal adjustment factors are calculated for use duringthe January-June period. In July of each year, BLScalculates and publishes in Employment and Earningsprojected seasonal adjustment factors for use in the secondhalf, based on the experience through June. Revisions ofhistorical data for the most recent 5 years are made only atthe beginning of each calendar year. However, as a resultof the revisions to the estimates for 1970-81 based on 1980census population counts, revisions to seasonally adjustedseries in early 1982 were carried back to 1970.

All labor force and unemployment rate statistics, as wellas the major employment and unemployment estimates,are computed by aggregating independently adjustedseries. For example, for each of the three major labor forcecomponents —agricultural employment, nonagriculturalemployment, and unemployment —data for four sex-agegroups (men and women under and over 20 years of age)are separately adjusted for seasonal variation and are thenadded to derive seasonally adjusted total figures. Theseasonally adjusted figure for the labor force is a sum ofeight seasonally adjusted civilian employment compo-nents and four seasonally adjusted unemployment

components. The total for unemployment is the sum of thefour unemployment components, and the unemploymentrate is derived by dividing the resulting estimate of totalunemployment by the estimate of the labor force. Becauseof the independent seasonal adjustment of various series,components will not necessarily add to totals.

In each January issue, Employment and Earningspublishes revised seasonally adjusted data for selectedlabor force series based on the experience throughDecember, new seasonal adjustment factors to be used tocalculate the civilian unemployment estimate for the first 6months of the following year, and a description of thecurrent seasonal adjustment procedure.

Since the early 1980's, BLS has also used the X-llARIMA procedure to seasonally adjust national establish-ment-based employment, hours, and earnings data. TheX-ll ARIMA program had been run once each year afterbenchmarking and seasonal adjustment factors had beenprojected and published for 12 months ahead (April-March). Beginning in June 1989, with the introduction ofthe March 1988 benchmarks, the Bureau modified thisprocedure to parallel that used in seasonally adjustinghousehold survey data. Projected seasonal adjustmentfactors are calculated and published twice a year.Revisions of historical data are made once a year,coincident with benchmark revisions.

All series are seasonally adjusted using the multiplica-tive models under X-ll ARIMA. Seasonal adjustmentfactors are computed and applied at component levels. Foremployment series, these are generally the 2-digit SIClevels in manufacturing, services, and wholesale trade; inother industry divisions where only some of thecomponents are seasonally adjusted, the division estimatesand their component industries are adjusted independent-ly. Seasonally adjusted totals are arithmetic aggregationsfor employment series and weighted averages of theseasonally adjusted data for hours and earnings series.

Seasonally adjusted average weekly earnings are theproduct of seasonally adjusted average hourly earningsand seasonally adjusted average weekly hours. Averageweekly earnings in constant dollars, seasonally adjusted,are obtained by dividing average weekly earnings,seasonally adjusted, by the seasonally adjusted ConsumerPrice Index for Urban Wage Earners and ClericalWorkers (CPI-W), and multiplying by 100. Indexes ofaggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, are obtainedby multiplying average weekly hours, seasonally adjusted,by production or nonsupervisory workers, seasonallyadjusted, and dividing by the 1982 annual average base.For total private, total goods-producing, total privateservice-producing, and major industry divisions, theindexes of aggregate weekly hours, seasonally adjusted.

190


are obtained by summing the aggregate weekly hours,seasonally adjusted, for the appropriate componentindustries and dividing by the 1982 annual average base.

Seasonally adjusted data are not published for a numberof series characterized by small seasonal componentsrelative to their trend-cycle and/or irregular components.These failed or unsatisfactory seasonally adjusted series,however, are used in the aggregation to broader levelseasonally adjusted series.

Seasonal adjustment factors for Federal Governmentemployment are derived from unadjusted data which in-clude Christmas temporary workers employed by thePostal Service. The number of temporary census workersfor the decennial census, however, are removed prior tothe calculation of seasonal adjustment factors.

BLS has developed an extension of X-l l ARIMA toallow it to adjust more adequately for the effects of thepresence or absence of religious holidays in the Aprilsurvey reference period and of Labor Day in theSeptember reference period. This extension was appliedfor the first time at the end of 1989 to three persons-at-work labor force series which tested as having significantand well-defined effects in their April data associated withthe timing of Easter. This extension was also used for theseasonal adjustment of many of the establishment-basedseries on average weekly hours and manufacturingovertime hours, starting with the computation of theprojected factors for the period beginning in April 1990.Effective with the computation of factors for theNovember 1993-April 1994 period, an extension of themoving-holiday adjustment was introduced to adjust forthe effects of elections on local government employment.

Revised seasonally adjusted national establishment-based series based on the experience through March 1993,new seasonal adjustment factors for May-October 1993,and a description of the current seasonal adjustmentprocedure appear in the June 1993 issue of Employment

and Earnings. Factors for the November 1993-April 1994period appear in the December issue.

Beginning in 1992, BLS introduced publication ofseasonally adjusted labor force data for the census regionsand divisions, the 50 States, and the District of Columbia(tables C-l and C-2). Using the X-ll ARIMA procedure,seasonal adjustment factors are computed and appliedindependently to the component employment and unem-ployment levels and then aggregated to regional or Statetotals. Current seasonal adjustment factors are producedfor 6-month periods twice a year. Historical revisions aremade at the beginning of each calendar year. Because ofthe separate processing procedures, totals for the Nationas a whole differ from the results obtained by aggregatingregional or State data.

Beginning in 1993, BLS introduced publication ofseasonally adjusted nonfarm payroll employment data bymajor industry for all States and the District of Columbia(table B-7). Seasonal adjustment factors are applieddirectly to the employment estimates at the division level(component series for manufacturing and trade) and thenaggregated to the State totals. The recomputation ofseasonal factors and historical revisions are made coinci-dent with the annual benchmark adjustments. Stateestimation procedures are designed to produce accurate(unadjusted and seasonally adjusted) data for eachindividual State. BLS independently develops a nationalemployment series; State estimates are not forced to sumto national totals. Because each Sate series is subject tolarger sampling and nonsampling errors than the nationalseries, summing them cumulates individual State levelerrors and can cause significant distortions at an aggregatelevel. Due to these statistical limitations, BLS does notcompile a "sum-of-States" employment series, and cau-tions users that such a series is subject to a relatively largeand volatile error structure.

191


INDEX TO STATISTICAL TABLES

TABLE KEY: A: Monthly household data; B: Monthly national and State and area establishment data; C: Monthly regional, State,and area labor force data; D: Quarterly, household data only, in the January, April, July, and October issues. Annual averages:Household data in the January issue; national establishment data in the January, March, and June issues; State and area estab-lishment and labor force data in the May issue. For additional information see the listing on the inside front cover of thispublication.

Topic

Monthly

Seasonallyadjusted

Notseasonallyadjusted

Quarterly averges

Seasonallyadjusted

Notseasonallyadjusted

Annualaverages

Absences from workAggregate weekly hours (Index)Agricultural industries

At workClass of workerDiffusion indexDiscouraged workersEarnings, hourly

Earnings, weekly

Educational attainment and school enrollmentEmployment by:

AgeHispanic originIndustry

Occupation

Race

Sex

Family typeFull-time workers

Historical data

Hours of work

Jobsearch methodsMarital statusMultiple jobholdersNonagricultural industriesNot in the labor forcePart-time workersProduction or nonsupervisory workers

State, region, and area dataUnemployment by:

Age

DurationHispanic origin

Industry of last jobOccupation of last jobRace

ReasonSex

Union affiliationVeterans, Vietnam-era

B-9A-1-3,6,10

A-6A-6B-6

B-11

B-11

A-3-5,7A-4B-3-5,7

A-6A-4

A-2-7; B-4

A-5

B-8-10

A-6,10

A-1-3,6

A-5B-5,8-9,11

B-7; C-1-2

A-3-5,8-9

A-12A-4

A-10A-10A-4

A-11A-2-5,8-9

A-14,19-20,28,33

A-21-25A-20

A-34B-2,15-18

B-2,15,15a,17-18

A-15

A-13-17,20A-15A-19; B-12-

14A-17-19A-13-16,18

A-13-18,20;B-13

A-16,31

A-21-25; B-2,15,18

A-26,32A-35A-14,20

A-34A-16B-12,15-18

B-14,18; C-3

A-13-16,26,29-30,32

A-30-33A-15

A-28,33A-27,33A-13-16,26,29,32

A-29-30A-13-16,26-30,32

A-36

D-1,4,8

D-4D-4

D-1-3,5D-2

D-4D-2

D-1-5

D-3

D-4,8

D-1,4

D-3

D-1-2,6-7

D-10D-2

D-8D-8D-2

D-9D-1-2,6-7

D-11-14

D-13-14

D-19-21

D-11-12,15D-11-15

D-13-14D-11,13,15

D-11-15

D-13-14

D-13-14

D-11-12,16

D-18D-11-12,

16-18

D-11,16-20

D-17D-11-12,16

D-22-23

47-48

A-1-2; 1-2,5-6,12-13,15,17-18,28,34

19-2312-13,15-16

37B-2,15-17;53; 2

B-2,15,15a,17; 39-42,53; 2

7

3-9,14-154-7,11-13,18B-1,12-13,

16-18; 19-13,173,5,7-8,10-

12,14,17-18B-13; 2-18

25-268,12-13,32A-1-2; B-1-2;

1-2B-15; 19-23,53; 2

35-3624,3338A-1-2; 1-2,5-6,12-13,15

378,12-13B-12,15-17;52-53

1-3

3-8,24,29,31,35

31-344-7,25-26,30

28,3427,343,5,7-8,24-26,30,33,35

29-312-8,24,27-29,31,33,35-36

43-4649-50

192 'U.S. Government Printing Office: 1994 — 301-186/00006


U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABORBureau of Labor Statistics

Regional Office

REGION 1—BOSTON1 Congress Street10th FloorBoston, MA 02114Phone (617) 565-2327

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Cooperating StateCurrent Employment Statistics (CES) and State and Local

BLSFtegion

IV

X

IX

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VIII

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II!

Ill

IV

IV

IX

X

V

V

VII

VII

IV

VI

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III

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ALABAMA

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DELAWARE

DIST OF COL

FLORIDA

GEORGIA

HAWAII

IDAHO

ILLINOIS

INDIANA

IOWA

KANSAS

KENTUCKY

LOUISIANA

MAINE

MARYLAND

Department of Industrial Relations. Room 427,Industrial Relations Bldg , Montgomery 36130

Department of Labor, Research and AnalysisSec»un, 1111 West 8th St.. Juneau 99802-5501

Department of Economic Security, 1300 WestWashington St., Phoenix 85005Employment Security Department •

P.O. Box 2981, Little Rock 72203-2981Employment Development Department, Employ-ment Data and Research Division, 7000Franklin Blvd., Bldg 1100, Sacramento 95823

Department of Labor and Employment, Suite801, 1120 Lincoln Street, Denver 80203

Labor Department, Employment SecurityDivision, 200 Folly Brook Blvd,Wethersfield 06109

Department of Labor, Office of Occupationaland Labor Market Information, P.O. Box 9029,Newark 19714-9029

Department of Employment Services, Divisionof Labor Market Information and Analysis,Room 201, 500 C St.. NW , Washington,DC 20001

Florida Department of Labor and EmploymentSecurity, Bureau of Labor Market Information,Suite 203, 2574 Seagate Dr, Tallahassee32399-0674

Department of Labor, Labor InformationSystems, 148 International Blvd., NE ,Atlanta 30303

Department of Labor and Industrial Relations,Research and Statistics Office, Room 304,830 Punchbowl St., Honolulu 96813

Department of Employment, 317 Main St.,Base 83735

Department of Employment Security, (2 South),401 South State St., Chicago 60605

Department of Employment and TrainingServices, Statistical Services Division,10 North Senate Avenue,Indianapolis 46204

Department of Employment Services, 1000 EastGrand Avenue, Des Moines 50319

Department of Human Resources, 401 TopekaAvenue, Topeka 66603

Department for Employment Services, LaborMarket Research and Analysis Branch,275 East Main St.. Frankfort 40621

Department of Labor, Research and StatisticsSection, 1001 North 23rd St., Baton Rouge70804-9094

Department of Labor, Division of EconomicAnalysis and Research, 20 Union St.,Augusta 04330

Department of Employment and Training.Research and Analysis Division, 1100 NorthEutaw St., Baltimore 21201

MASSACHUSETTS Department of Employment and Training,

MICHIGAN

MINNESOTA

MISSISSIPPI

MISSOURI

Government Center, Charles F. Hurley Bldg.,Boston 02114

Employment Security Commission, Researchand Statistics Division, Room 516. 7310Woodward Avenue. Detroit 48202

Department of Jobs and Training. Researchand Statistics Division, 5th Fl , 390 NorthRobert St., St. Paul 55101

Employment Security Commission, LaborMarket Information Division, P.O Box 1699,Jackson 39215-1699

Division of Employment Security, P.O. Box 59,Jefferson City 65104

AgenciesArea Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) Programs

BLS

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I

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MONTANA

NEBRASKA

NEVADA

NEW HAMPSHIRE

NEW JERSEY

NEW MEXICO

NEW YORK

NORTH CAROLINA

NORTH DAKOTAOHIO

OKLAHOMA

OREGON

PENNSYLVANIA

PUERTO RICO

RHODE ISLAND

SOUTH CAROLINA

SOUTH DAKOTA

TENNESSEE

TEXAS

UTAH

VERMONT

VIRGINIA

VIRGIN ISLANDS

WASHINGTON

WEST VIRGINIA

WISCONSIN

WYOMING

Department of Labor and Industry, P.O Box1728, Helena 59624

Department of Labor, P.O. Box 94600, Lincoln68509-4600

Employment Security Department. 500 East3rd St.. Carson City 89713

Department of Employment Security, 32 SouthMain St.. Concord 03301

Department of Labor. Division of Planning andResearch, P.O. Box 2765, Trenton 08625

Employment Security Commission, 401 Broad-way, TIWA Bldg., Albuquerque 87103

Department of Labor, Division of Research andStatistics, State Campus, Room 400, Bldg 12,Albany 12240-0020

Employment Security Commission, Labor MarketInformation Division, P.O Box 25903,Raleigh 27611

Job Service. P.O. Box 1537, Bismarck 58502Bureau of Employment Services, Labor Market

Information Division, 1160 Dublin Rd ,Columbus 43215

Employment Security Commission, Researchand Planning Division, 2401 North Lincoln,Oklahoma City 73105

Employment Division, 875 Union St., NE.,Salem 97311

Bureau of Research and Statistics300 Capitol Associates BuildingHarrisburg, PA 17120-0034

Department of Labor and Human Resources,Bureau of Labor Statistics, 17th Fl , 505 MunozRivera Avenue, Hato Rey 00918 (CES), Bureauof Employment Security, Research and AnalysisSection, 15th Fl., 505 Munoz Rivera Avenue,Hato Rey 00918 (LAUS)

Department of Employment Security, 24 MasonSt.. Providence 02903

Employment Security Commission, Labor MarketInformation Division, P.O. Box 995,Columbia 29202

Department of Labor, Labor Market InformationCenter, P.O Box 4730, Aberdeen 57401

Department of Employment Security. Researchand Statistics Division. 519 Cordell Hull OfficeBldg., Nashville 37219

Employment Commission, Room 208-T, 1117Trinity St.. Austin 78778

Department of Employment Security, LaborMarket Information Services. P.O. Box 11249,Salt Lake City 84147

Department of Employment and Training, Officeof Policy and Public Information, P.O. Box 488.Montpelier 05602

Employment Commission, Economic InformationServices. P.O. Box 1358. Richmond 23211

Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics,53-A. 54-A&B Kronprindsens Gade CharlotteAmalie, St Thomas 00801-3359 (CES)

Employment Security Department, Labor Marketand Economic Analysis Branch, 605 WoodviewDr. CXympta 98503

Department of Employment Security, Divisionof Labor and Economic Security, 112 CaliforniaAvenue, Charleston 25305

Department of Industry, Labor, and HumanRelations, Labor Market Information Bureau,201 East Washington Avenue, Madison 53707

Employment Security Commission, Researchand Analysis Section, P.O. Box 2760,Casper 82602


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