ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION & ITS TYPES

INTRODUCTION• Basically the English world environment is derived from the French word Environner i.e to encircle or surround.•It is strange feeling when we realizes that earth is a very small in the universe alone has the required environment for life.•The Indian environment is as much affected as the rest of the world.•The mandate that each country should have 33% of its land in forest India has only 22%.

MEANING OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

The expression pollute means " to get spoil or to make unclean, impure and unhealthy.

The word pollution is derived from the Latin word polutus which means ' defiled or to make dirty or to pollute'.

The expression denotes ' the presence of wrong matter in wrong quantity and at wrong place.'

DEFINITION DEFINITION OF ENVIRONMENTEnvironment includes water air land and the

interrelationship which exist ' among and between water, air, land and human beings other living creatures , plants, micro organism and property.

DEFINITION OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTAccording to sec 2(b) of the Environment

Protection Act 1986, Environmental pollutant means ' any solid, liquid or gaseous substances present in such concentration as may be or tend to be injurious to environment.

DEFINITION OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTIONAccording to sec 2(c) of the Environment

Protection Act 1986, Environmental pollution means the presence in the environment of any environmental pollutants.

Every substances existing in the environment has definite composition when foreign body is introduced into it then the substance loses its original character and qualities.

Air is the basic need of human being without which we cannot survive for a few minutes.

Tremendous growth of population, urbanisation, expansion of industries ventilated the gravity of the effect of air pollution.

Air pollution is mainly caused by smoke and gases released from the factories and vehicle.

50% of the air pollution caused by automobiles.

Air Pollution

The combustion of fuel to produce energy for heating and power.

Transportation.Industrial and

commercial process.Incineration burning of

waste i.e rubber, plastic product without combustion equipment.

Agricultural activities.

Sources of Air Pollution

Air pollution has an adverse effect on the environmental and climatic condition, human health and safety, plants and animals and other socio economic condition.

Effects of Air Pollution

Water is essentially required by all kinds of life.Not only the human being but each and every

living creature is dependent on water.However as water being the best solvent, it is

also true that it may create nuisance when comes in the contact of pollutant and remains untreated.

when untreated waste water passes through the industries,agricultural land it get spoiled and becomes harmful to plants animals and mens.

Water Pollution

Domestic commercial waste.

Industrial waste.

Agricultural waste.

Chemical waste.

Thermal waste.

Sources of Water Pollution

Water pollution causes harmful effect on the environment which includes public health and safety, plants and animal life, land.

There are 60% of desease in India caused due to the pollution of water.

Effect Of Water Pollution

The word soil is derived from the latin word ' Solum' which means earthly material in which plants, bushes and grass grows.

A small portion of soil mass consists a live organism such as insects, worms,plants, millions of micro organism.

Soil being a integral part of land any detrioration in its quality mass or volume is also a detrioration of land.

Land/ Soil Pollution

India is lossing about 6000 million tons of top soil per annum through water errosion this being a major nutrient for plant life to survive.

It require thousand year to mother earth to generate half an inch of top soil on its surface.

Land/ Soil Pollution Cont.......

Industrial waste and scraps.

Dumping of degradable and non degradable garbage.

Unmindfull use of chemical pesticides.

Construction of dams,mining,roads.

Deforestation.

Sources of Land Pollution

Soil erosion causing premature siltation of tanks and reservoirs, chocking of estuaries and harbours.

Effect of Land Pollution

Noise means unwanted sound.What is pleasant to some ears may be

extremely unpleasant to other depending on a number of psychological factors.

Most of the people do not consider noise as pollution but as a part of routine life.

To curb the noise pollution people should realise the danger of noise pollution.

Noise Pollution

Natural sources of noise pollution i.e air,noise, valcanos, seas,rivers, exchanging voice of living organ including man and mammals.

Man made noise pollution are machine and modern equipment of various types, automobiles, trains,aeroplans & use of explosives.

Sources of Noise Pollution

Hearing Problems: Any unwanted sound that our ears have not been built to filter can cause problems within the body.

Health Issues: aggressive behavior, disturbance of sleep, constant stress, fatigue and hypertension can be linked to excessive noise levels.

Sleeping DisordersCardiovascular Issues: Blood pressure levels, cardio-

vascular disease and stress related heart problems are on the rise.

Trouble Communicating: High decibel noise can put trouble and may not allow two people to communicate freely

Effects of Noise Pollution

Waste are the rubbish or material that are not needed and are economically unusable without further processing.

Without suitable treatment such waste becomes a source of contamination of the environment at large.

Solid waste may contains agricultural wastes ashes, bio medical waste, thrown parts of the dead animals, dry and wet garbage from domestics activities which may contains plastics, metals, glass, wood, papers.

Solid Waste Pollution

All living being requires food to obtain energy from which they carry on their activities.

The pollution of food begins by use of chemical, frtilizers and various pesticides at different stages of plant growth starting from its germination and plantation upto the stages when it gets flowers and fruits.

These chemicals directly and indirectly affect the quality of food and affects the health of the consumers.

Food Pollution

The main source of such pollution are either due to spreading of radiation at the time of nuclear testing or leakage from such idustry or spreading radiation by use of nuclear missiles at the time of war.

Also the soils and rocks contains radioactive substance such as uranium and thorium which can be dug out by mining operation, if water comes in contact with such rocks and soil then radioactivity imported to such water causing its pollution.

Such pollution becomes very harmful to not only the present generation but future generation also.

Nuclear & Radioactive Pollution

Acute damage: Sudden death, death after duration of week, loss of hair, widespred ulcers, inability to deal with ever minor infections.

Chronic damage: Disease of blood like anaemia, blood cancer, cancer of skin ane other organs.

Genetic damage: Hairless child, retarded child, defective senses.

Effects of Nuclear & Radioactive Pollution

Thermal pollution is however on the increase ecause of the era of globalisation.

Industries & power plants may use water to cool machinery and then discharge the warmed water into a stream.

Thermal Pollution

Chemical pharmaceutical industries.Paper and pulp industries.Petroleum products & Plastic industries.Deforestation on shoreline which increase

soil erosion.Sudden change in temprature due to hot

waste water can harm the life of fisheries.

Sources of Thermal Pollution

Assistant Professor Shri Shivaji Law College,

Parbhani Maharashtra

PPT MADE BY

WASEEM I. KHAN