Engineering &

Ethics

ABING . ALMACEN . AŇORA . BERTULFO . SATIERRA

REPUBLIC ACT 9297

WHAT IS CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PROFESSION?

ARTICLE I Title, Statement of Policy, Definition of Terms and Scope of Practice

Title Chemical Engineering Law of 2004

Definition of Terms

Chemical engineering practice - "rendering chemical engineering service”

Industrial plant shall mean any plant in which a unit process and/or operations are involved, including the related pollution control and abatement processes or operations.

Definition of Terms

Unit process shall mean the chemical change which is involved in the manufacture of industrial or consumer products or the treatment of industrial or chemical wastes.

Unit operation shall mean the physical operation by which a desired step in an industrial process is conducted or controlled.

Chemical engineer shall mean a person duly registered and a holder of a valid Certificate of Registration and Professional Identification Card issued by the Board of Chemical Engineering and the Professional Regulation Commission.

(1) Consultation requiring chemical engineering knowledge, skill and proficiency;(2) Investigation;(3) Estimation and/or valuation;(4) Planning;(5) Preparation of feasibility studies;(6) Designing;(7) Preparation of specifications;(8) Supervision of installation;(9) Operation, including quality management; but excluding chemical analysis and operation of the chemical laboratory; and(10) The teaching, lecturing and reviewing of professional chemical engineering subjects in the curriculum of the Bachelor of Science in Chemical Engineering degree or a subject in the Chemical Engineering licensure examination given in any school, college, university or any other educational institution shall be considered a professional chemical engineering service.

Scope of Practice

ARTICLE II Creation of the Professional Regulatory Board for Chemical Engineers

Composition of the Boardunder the administrative control and supervision of the Professional Regulation Commission, hereinafter called Commission, composed of a Chairman and two (2) members to be appointed by the President of the Philippines

Term of Officea term of three (3) years only

Secretary of the Boardshall record the minutes of its meetings and perform such other functions as the Board may require

Qualifications of the Board Chairman and Members

(a) A natural-born Filipino citizen and resident of the Philippines;(b) At least a holder of a bachelor’s degree in chemical engineering or its equivalent, as conferred by an engineering school of good standing, recognized and accredited by the Government;(c) A registered chemical engineer who has been in active practice for at least ten (10) years;(d) A member of good standing of the integrated and duly accredited national chemical engineering profession; and(e) A person who does not have any pecuniary interest, directly or indirectly in any university, college, school or institution conferring an academic degree necessary for admission to the practice of chemical engineering or where review classes in preparation for the licensure examination are being offered or conducted; nor shall he be a member of the faculty or of the administration thereof at the time of his appointment to the Board.

Powers and Duties of the Board

(a) Supervise and regulate the practice of the chemical engineering profession;(b) Determine and evaluate the qualifications of the applicants for registration;(c) Prescribe the subjects in the licensure examination; determine the syllabi of the subjects and their relative weights; construct the test questions in the examination; score and rate the examination papers; and submit the examination results to the Commission;(d) Issue together with the Commission, Certificates of Registration and Professional Identification Card to applicants who have passed the licensure examinations for registered chemical engineers;

Examination Requirementshall be required to pass the licensure examination prescribed herein

Holding of Examinationgiven twice each calendar year    (November and April)

Scope of ExaminationPhysical and Chemical Principles; General Engineering; and Chemical Engineering

Qualifications for Examinations(a) That he/she is a citizen of the Philippines;(b) That he/she is of good moral character;(c) That he/she is a graduate of a school, institute, college or university recognized by the Government and has been conferred the degree of Bachelor of Science in Chemical Engineering or its equivalent; and(d) That he/she has not been convicted of an offense involving moral turpitude by a court of competent jurisdiction.

ARTICLE III Licensure Examination and Registration

Issuance of Certificate of Registration and Professional Identification Carda general average of no less than seventy per centum (70%) and a rating of no less than fifty per centum (50%) in any examination subject.

Exemptions from Registration(a) Foreign chemical engineers recognized as experts in their specific fields of chemical engineering, called in by the Republic of the Philippines for consultation or for a specific design, installation or project: Provided, That their practice shall be confined to such work; and(b) Foreign chemical engineers, who have distinguished themselves in their respective fields of specialization, contracted as professors or lecturers on chemical engineering subjects by Philippine schools, or colleges, institutes or universities on a direct hire or exchange basis, subject to verification of credentials by the Board.

Suspension or Revocation of Certificate of Registration and Certificate of Compliance(a) Any act of misrepresentation in connection with an alleged performance of chemical engineering devices;(b) Acts inimical to the chemical engineering profession; and(c) Gross immorality or commission of any act involving moral turpitude.

ARTICLE IV Practice of Chemical EngineeringVested RightsAll chemical engineers who are registered at the time this Act takes effect shall automatically be registered. Who May Practice Chemical EngineeringExcept as may be provided in this Act, only persons properly licensed and registered may practice chemical engineering.

Prohibition in the Practice of Chemical Engineering(a) Practice chemical engineering or render chemical engineering services, or pass himself off or advertise himself as a chemical engineer without a valid certificate of registration or when such has been suspended or revoked;(b) Attempt to use as his own the certificate or seal of another person or impersonate any registered chemical engineer; or(c) Furnish the Board or Commission any false information or document in order to secure a Certificate of Registration.

Roster of Chemical EngineersThe Commission shall keep a roster of all duly licensed and registered chemical engineers, stating their names, registration numbers and places of business. The Commission shall regularly update such roster and make it available to all interested parties.

Foreign Reciprocityforeign chemical engineer shall be granted any of the right or privilege under this Act unless the country of which he is a subject or citizen grants the same or similar rights or privileges to Filipino chemical engineers.

ARTICLE V General Provisions

Penal Clauseof not less than Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) nor more than One million pesos (P1,000,000.00) or imprisonment for a period of not less than six (6) months nor more than five (5) years or both at the discretion of the court. 

ETHICS the study of standards of conduct and moral judgment; moral philosophy

an article on this study

the system or code of morals of a particular person, religion, group or profession

THEORIES OF ETHICS

Situational Ethics

Consequential Ethics

Utilitarian Ethics

suggests that the ethically right thing to do depends on the situation

suggests that an action is ethical depending on the consequences of that action

suggests that the behavior that provides the most benefit is the ethical behavior

WHAT IS ETHICS?

"Ethics has to do with what my feelings tell me is right or wrong.“

"Ethics has to do with my religious beliefs.“

"Being ethical is doing what the law requires.“

WHAT IS ETHICS?

"I don't know what the word means."

"Ethics consists of the standards of behavior our society accepts.“

ETHICS

refers to well-founded standards of right and wrong that prescribe what humans must do

refers to the study and development of one's ethical standards

IMPORTANCE OF ETHICS

ETHICAL ISSUES

ContraceptionFile Sharing and Piracy

Pro• Contraception prevents

abortion• Contraceptives prevents STD• Contraceptives allows more

sexual activity

Con• Does not treat every person

with dignity and respect

ContraceptionConception is the irreversible combining of two cells (egg and sperm cell) to form the first cell of a new human being.

Contraception is simply the prevention of conception by any means.

Is Natural Family Planning contraception?

File Sharing and Piracy

Pro• Very convenient for those who

don’t/can’t like to pay

File Sharing is peer-to-peer (stranger-to-stranger) sharing of copyrighted materials

Con• Declining sales of companies

Piracy is the illegal reproduction and selling of copyrighted materials

Is file sharing and piracy theft?

Is a society in which file sharing was allowed would be better or worse than one without it?

ENGINEERING ETHICS

DC – 10 JUMBO JET

The fuselage of the DC – 10 Jumbo jet of which the cargo door is a part was developed by Convair, a sub contractor for McDonnell Douglas.

Convair’s senior engineer directing the project, Dan Applegate had written to the Vice president of the company: “The Cargo door could burst open, leading to crash of the plane. Hence the door has to be redesigned and the cabin floor has to strengthened”.

Top Management at Convair neither disputed the technical facts or the predictions made by Applegate. The liabilities and the cost of redesign were to high.

Two years went by. In 1974 the cargo door of DC – 10 Jumbo burst open and the jet crashed near Paris killing 346 .

DC – 10 JUMBO JET

ENGINEERING ETHICS The study of moral issues and decisions confronting individuals and organizations engaged in engineering.

The study of related questions about moral ideals, character, policies and relationship of people and corporations involved in technological activity.

Engineering ethics course is not about preaching virtue rather, its objective is to increase your ability as engineers to responsibly confront moral issues raised by technological activity.

ENGINEERING ETHICS

SCOPE OF ENGINEERING ETHICS

Engineering Ethics

Engineering as Social

Experimentation

The Engineer’s Responsibility

for Safety

Responsibility to Employees

Rights of Engineers

Global Issues

Engineers and Manager,

Consultants and headers

Moral Reasoning and

Ethical Theories

Engineers Uphold and advance the integrity, honor and dignity of the engineering profession by:

I. Using their knowledge and skill for the enhancement of human welfare;

II. Being honest and impartial, and serving with fidelity the public, their employers and clients:

CODE OF ETHICS FOR ENGINEERSTHE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES

Engineers Uphold and advance the integrity, honor and dignity of the engineering profession by:

III. Striving to increase the competence and prestige of the engineering profession; and

IV. Supporting the professional and technical societies oftheir disciplines.

CODE OF ETHICS FOR ENGINEERSTHE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES

Is there a body or agency that monitors ethics in engineering

particularly Chemical Engineering?

YES!!!..National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE), USA

American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AlChE), USA

Philippine Institute of Chemical Engineers (PIChE), Phil.

Why Are Ethics Important to Engineers?

• Engineering is an important and learned profession. Engineers are expected to exhibit the highest standards of honesty and integrity.

• Engineers must be dedicated to the protection of the public health, safety and welfare.

• Engineers must perform under a standard of professional behavior which requires adherence to the highest principles of ethical conduct.

National Society of Professional Engineers

The National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE) is the national society of engineering professionals from all disciplines that promotes the ethical and competent practice of engineering, promotes licensure and enhances the image and well-being of its members.

NSPE Code of Ethics for Engineers Fundamental Canons

Engineers, in the fulfillment of their professional duties, shall:

• Hold paramount the safety, health, and welfare of the public.• Perform services only in areas of their competence.• Issue public statements only in an objective and truthful manner.• Act for each employer or client as faithful agents or trustees.• Avoid deceptive acts.• Conduct themselves honorably, responsibly, ethically, and lawfully

so as to enhance the honor, reputation, and usefulness of the profession.

American Institute of Chemical Engineers

This organization gives importance to these values, namely: integrity, honor and dignity.

AIChE Code of EthicsTo achieve the goals of the organization, members shall:

•Hold paramount the safety, health and welfare of the public and protect the environment in performance of their professional duties.•Formally advise their employers or clients (and consider further disclosure, if warranted) if they perceive that a consequence of their duties will adversely affect the present or future health or safety of their colleagues or the public.•Accept responsibility for their actions, seek and heed critical review of their work and offer objective criticism of the work of others.•Issue statements or present information only in an objective and truthful manner.•Act in professional matters for each employer or client as faithful agents or trustees, avoiding conflicts of interest and never breaching confidentiality.

•Treat fairly and respectfully all colleagues and co-workers, recognizing their unique contributions and capabilities.•Perform professional services only in areas of their competence.•Build their professional reputations on the merits of their services.•Continue their professional development throughout their careers, and provide opportunities for the professional development of those under their supervision.•Never tolerate harassment.•Conduct themselves in a fair, honorable and respectful manner.

Philippine Institute of Chemical Engineer

Philippine Institute of Chemical Engineers or PIChE is the organization that is committed to the continual development of all its members in order to make them become globally competitive.

As professional chemical engineers, we adhere to the following core values:1. Excellence2. Commitment3. Integrity4. Service

Is Ethics confined only in

Engineering?

Of Course NOT!!!..

Where can ethics be applied?..• Business• Philosophy• Managerial and marketing• Medical and pharmacy fields• Politics and economics• Health care• psychology