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European Settlements
-European Settlements
-as European nations began to settle the New World they settled in certain areas
-Spanish-- St. Augustine, Florida 1565 oldest settlement still inhabited and capital of Spanish FL for 200 years
SW, Florida, Texas
-French– Canada, Mississippi R.
Champlain- Quebec, fur traders, “Big River”
-Dutch—New York
Hudson- New Netherland, all immigrants welcome
-English—East Coast
English take New Netherland and rename it New York, also founded New Jersey.
First English Attempt
-Roanoke, NC 1584
Queen Elizabeth I attempts to permanently settle
Sir Walter Raleigh- led settlers into NC
Lost Colony- carving of Croatoan, Meanings? Where did they go?
John White- left for supplies 10 days after arriving- 3 years later he returns and all had vanished
Virginia Dare- White’s granddaughter, 1st born English child on American soil.
Video- http://www.history.com/topics/jamestown/videos/mystery-roanoke
If it says “attempt” what do you think that means?
English Settlements
-Virginia Company- joint stock, given permission to start a colony
Jamestown, 1607- 104 of 144 survive the trip from England. Land near James River (modern day Virginia)
John Smith – bartered with natives to keep them afloat, BECAME THE LEADER OF THE COLONY
Hard times- not enough food especially with 400 more mouths to feed, landed in May therefore….
Powhatan- settlers raided their food supply
“Starving Time”- winter of 1609-1610- 60 survived
the winter, resort to cannabilism
http://www.cnn.com/2013/05/01/us/jamestown-cannibalism/
Jamestown- success?
-more colonists- 150 more
-1st democratic gov’t
House of Burgesses
1 gov., 6 councilors, 20 burgesses (2 from each town)
-tobacco as a cash crop
John Rolfe- Trinidad seeds and better method
Pocahontas- marries John Rolfe
-headright system
50 acres to each new colonist
-indentured servants
-first slaves imported
Think-Pair-ShareWhy is the House of Burgesses so important to the development of U.S. government?
What else?Oh yeah, she died shortly thereafter of smallpox.
Clash with Indians
-desire for land led to conflicts
-European feelings of superiority
-no intermarriage with Indians groups
-fought wars with Powhatan Indians (There were 12,000 of them, known as Algonquian. Why?)
-Virginia becomes royal colony so that King’s Army can protect settlers
First Rebellion
-Indian dispute on the frontier
Backwoods farmers vs Natives for land
-Colonists ask for protection from Virginia Gov’t, but were denied
Sir William Berekley- governor
-Nathaniel Bacon led the frontier colonists in a rebellion against the Virginia gov’t
Burned Jamestown
-showed signs of discontent with leadership
- Virginia began to support farmers and expansion
Religious Reasons
-Henry VIII begins the Anglican Church
-Reformers want to rid the church of all Roman Catholic traditions
-Puritans
wanted to purify the Church of England
individual and congregational control of religion
Pilgrims
-Pilgrims also called Separatists because they wanted to practice their own religion
-Plymouth Mass. 1620
-Mayflower Compact
set up direct democracy for the colony
-colony struggled but received Indian help to grow crops
Thanksgiving
Squanto
-William Bradford
Pilgrim leader
“Of Plymouth Plantation”
Pilgrims
-Pilgrims also called Separatists because they wanted to practice their own religion
-Plymouth Mass. 1620
-Mayflower Compact
set up direct democracy for the colony
-colony struggled but received Indian help to grow crops
Thanksgiving
Squanto
-William Bradford
Pilgrim leader
“Of Plymouth Plantation”
Pilgrims
-Pilgrims also called Separatists because they wanted to practice their own religion
-Plymouth Mass. 1620
-Mayflower Compact
set up direct democracy for the colony
-colony struggled but received Indian help to grow crops
Thanksgiving
Squanto
-William Bradford
Pilgrim leader
“Of Plymouth Plantation”
Massachusetts Bay Company
-Puritans
-John Winthrop
-City on a Hill
be an example to the world
-connection between church and state
-strict adherence to Puritan rules
Puritan Dissent
-Roger Williams
Separation of Church and State
exiled from the colony
fled and founded Providence R.I.
-Anne Hutchinson
belief in individual worship
banished in famous trial
fled to R.I.
Puritan Dissent
-Roger Williams
Separation of Church and State
exiled from the colony
fled and founded Providence R.I.
-Anne Hutchinson
belief in individual worship
banished in famous trial
fled to R.I.
Indian Resistance
-some cooperation but short lived
-disease, land, and religion caused disputes
-Pequot War, 1637
massacre of Indians
-King Philip’s War
lots of deaths on both sides but colonists win and Indian resistance fades