Fehrenbach BioGrace and ENZO2 2015

1 21 January 2014 Fehrenbach / Köppen / Hennecke

ifeu - Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg GmbH

Greenhouse Gas Calculation Tools

Recognized by the EU Commission:

BioGrace and ENZO2

Horst Fehrenbach

10th International Colloquium

Fuels Conventional and Future Energy for Automobiles

21 January 2015

Technische Akademie Esslingen - Ostfildern



Content

1 Why calculating GHG emissions for Biofuels?

2 What are the basic rules and guiding documents?

3 The way towards a harmonized calculation

4 BioGrace

5 ENZO2

6 Outlook



Content




4 BioGrace

5 ENZO2

6 Outlook



Renewable Energy Directive 2009/28/EC and

that economic operators operating in EU Member States

meet sustainability criteria while sourcing, producing

and using biofuels and bioliquids.

If not: no eligibility for being accounted towards national

targets and no financial support (e.g., tax relief).

GHG emission saving = one of the sustainability criteria:

currently 35% reduction against fossil fuels,

enhanced to 50% in 2017 and 60% in 2018.

WHY calculating GHGs emissions for Biofuels

WHY calculating GHGs emissions

1



Fuel Quality Directive 2009/30/EC require:

6 % reduction in 2020 in GHG emissions from use of transport fuel compared to baseline scenario.

In Germany: 2015 start of obligation for decarbonisation according to FQD (BImSchG §37a):

2015: 3.5% reduction

2017: 4 % reduction

2020: 6 % reduction compared to the basic life cycle GHG emissions per unit of energy from fossil fuels defined as 83.8 g CO2eq/MJ

This reduction can only be reached by admixture of low carbon biofuels and electro-vehicles.

WHY calculating GHGs emission for Biofuels

WHY calculating GHGs emission

1



Content




4 BioGrace

5 ENZO2

6 Outlook



RED Annex V and FQD Annex IV including methodological rules (Part C) and

default values (Part A, B, D)

Communication from the Commission on the practical implementation of the EU biofuels and bioliquids sustainability scheme and on counting rules for biofuels (2010/C 160/02)

Communication from the Commission on voluntary schemes and default values in the EU biofuels and bioliquids sustainability scheme (2010/C 160/01)

Commission Decision on guidelines for the calculation of land carbon stocks for the purpose of Annex V to Directive

2009/28/EC (2010/335/EU) land-use change

Legal rules

Basic rules and guiding documents

2



Transparency Platform of the EU Commission http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/transparency_platform/tran

sparency_platform_en.htm

European Standard EN 16214-4 :

“Sustainability criteria for the production of biofuels

and bioliquids for energy applications

Calculation of the greenhouse gas emission balance

associated with sustainable biofuels and bioliquids, using

a life cycle approach”

Further guidance

Basic rules and guiding documents

2

http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/transparency_platform/transparency_platform_en.htm





Content




4 BioGrace

5 ENZO2

6 Outlook



List of standard values and calculation rules

is publicly available (www.biograce.net )

shall be used by everyone that makes GHG calculations

under RED/FQD based legislation

Achieving this by:

Including the standard values in all related software tools

Showing that these (and only these) standard values lead

to RED/FQD defaults

Requesting policy makers to make reference from

national legislation (implementing RED / FQD)

The BioGrace project (started in 2010)

Towards a harmonized calculation

3

http://www.biograce.net/



The given rules by the EU Commission are not covering all

relevant methodological issues.

The BioGrace tool is recognized as a voluntary scheme

related to GHG emission calculation

as soon as other non-harmonized tools will be

recognized too harmonisation is not given anymore

Harmonisation is not a scientific task

but a political effort


3



Which tools are harmonized


3

BioGrace spreadsheet (version 4c recognized by the EU Commission, version 5 in work)

ENZO2 developed by IFEU Germany recognized by the German resp. auth.

CALCUGEI developed by Ciemat Spain recognized by the Spanish resp. auth.

DfA carbon calculator developed by E4Tech, UK recognized by the British resp. auth.



Further tools NOT harmonized


3

NOT HARMONIZED

RSB Tool (RED related)

Not RED related

GEF GHG Tool

GREET US Model for US market

HGCA Biofuel calculator from UK

GHGenius from Canada



Content




4 BioGrace

5 ENZO2

6 Outlook



Welcome to the website: http://www.biograce.net/

BioGrace

4





Recognition by the EU Commission

BioGrace

4



What does BioGrace offer?

BioGrace

4

Contains all pathways for which RED default values exist (one sheet for each pathway)

Functionalities for all components of the calculation formula:

Combine actual calculation and disaggregated default values

The basic standard values as well as a list of additional standard values

The possibility to create new pathways

Track-change-mode to facilitate verification



How to make calculations with BioGrace

BioGrace

4

o Input data

oStandard values (“conversion factors”)

Cultivation of rapeseed Calculated emissions

Yield Emissions per MJ FAME

Rapeseed 3.113 kg ha-1

year-1

g CO2 g CH4 g N2O g CO2, eq

Moisture content 10,0%

By-product Straw n/a kg ha-1

year-1

Energy consumption

Diesel 2.963 MJ ha-1

year-1

6,07 0,00 0,00 6,07

Agro chemicals

N-fertiliser 137,4 kg N ha-1

year-1

9,08 0,03 0,03 18,89

CaO-fertiliser 19,0 kg CaO ha-1

year-1

0,05 0,00 0,00 0,06

K2O-fertiliser 49,5 kg K2O ha-1

year-1

0,62 0,00 0,00 0,67

P2O5-fertiliser 33,7 kg P2O5 ha-1

year-1

0,76 0,00 0,00 0,80

Pesticides 1,2 kg ha-1

year-1

0,28 0,00 0,00 0,32

Seeding material

Seeds- rapeseed 6 kg ha-1

year-1

0,06 0,00 0,00 0,10

STANDARD VALUESparameter:

unit: gCO2/kg gCH4/kg gN2O/kg gCO2-eq/kg

N-fertiliser 2827,0 8,68 9,6418 5880,6

GHG emission coefficient



Production of FAME from Rapeseed (steam from natural gas boiler)

Overview Results

All results in Non- allocated Allocation Allocated Total Actual/ Default values

g CO 2,eq / MJ FAM E results factor results Default RED Annex V.D

Cultivation eec 18,1 A 29

Cultivation of rapeseed 30,11 58,6% 17,64 28,51

Rapeseed drying 0,72 58,6% 0,42 0,42

Processing ep 20,9 A 22

Extraction of oil 6,50 58,6% 3,81 3,82

Refining of vegetable oil 1,06 95,7% 1,01

Esterification 16,82 95,7% 16,09

Transport etd 1,0 D 1

Transport of rapeseed 0,30 58,6% 0,17 0,17

Transport of FAME to depot 0,47 100,0% 0,47 0,82

Transport to filling station 0,80 100,0% 0,80 0,44

Land use change el 0,0 58,6% 0,0 0,0 0

Bonus or esca 0,0 100,0% 0,0 0,0 0

eccr + eccs 0,0 100,0% 0,0 0,0 0

Totals 56,8 40,0 52

17,88

What do you get at the end

BioGrace

4



Content




4 BioGrace

5 ENZO2

6 Outlook



Current version 1.3: 6 separate files for different feedstocks / pathways (EN or DE)

ENZO2 5

Ethanol

Vegetable oil /

biodiesel

Greenhouse gas calculator for biofuels and bioliquids

These excel-based versions are recognized by the BLE

and freely available at www.ifeu.de

http://www.ifeu.de/



What’s different?

ENZO2 5

BioGrace ENZO2

Original goal: making default values

in Annex V transparent

Original goal: facilitated GHG calculation

for economic operators, i.e. non-experts.

1 Spreadsheet for 1 complete

pathway

Each Spreadsheet focussed on specific

player (cultivation, oil mill etc.)

Major reference:

MJ Biofuel (final product)

complete chain implicitly anticipated

Major reference:

kg product produced within the step on

focus (e.g. kg rapeseed)

No averaging ! Averaging in line with Biokraft-NachV

§16(2)2b possible

User can modify spreadsheet No modification possible but multiple

choice of input materials (roll-down)

Same input values same results !


ifeu - Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg GmbH ENZO2 5

Each Spreadsheet focussed on specific player


ifeu - Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg GmbH ENZO2 5

Go through step by step

Below: visuable but not

manipulable: the

calculation section

Section 2:

the input section

(to be filled in by the

user).

Section 1:

the result



III. Market actor: Last Interface

Step-by-step manual for calculating GHG savings

Greenhouse gas emission savings

0% compared to fossil fuel

0,0 g CO2eq/MJ biofuel

Biofuel is used for

Enter your data in step 1-4 to calculate GHG savings of your ethanol batch

STEP 1 - GHG emissions up to last interface (incl. transport)

What are the GHG emissions of the ethanol batch (incl. transport)?

g CO2eq per kg ethanol

The GHG emissions from biofuel production

amount to

What do you get at the end

ENZO2 5

923

57%

36,0



Content




4 BioGrace

5 ENZO2

6 Outlook



Currently both tools are on the way being updated and

extended shall correspond to updated RED version

BioGrace-II tool (biogas and solid biomass for electricity,

heat and cooling) forthcoming; based on Staff Working Document by EU Commission 2014

New version of ENZO2 will be offered as a web-based

tool in order to facilitate the application furthermore.

Outlook

Outlook 6



Horst Fehrenbach - Susanne Köppen – Anna Hennecke

ifeu - Institute for Energy and

Environmental research Heidelberg GmbH

Wilckensstraße 3

69120 Heidelberg

Germany

Fon: +49 (0) 6221 / 47 67 -0

Fax: +49 (0) 6221 / 47 67 -19

email: [email protected]

Thank you for your attention

Any questions?

mailto:[email protected]

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Fehrenbach BioGrace and ENZO2 2015

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