Floedf Pro Demo Guide

8/12/2019 Floedf Pro Demo Guide

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FloEFDTMPro

Demonstration Version Guide

FEP10


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2002-2010 Mentor Graphics Corporation

All Rights Reserved.

This document contains information that is proprietary to Mentor Graphics

Corporation. The original recipient of this document may duplicate this document

in whole or in part for internal business purposes only, provided that this entire

notice appears in all copies. In duplicating any part of this document, the recipient

agrees to make every reasonable effort to prevent the unauthorized use and

distribution of the proprietary information.


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FloEFD Pro FEP10 Demonstration Version Guide i

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

Limitations of the Demonstration Version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

Tutorial 1 - Gate Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

Opening the Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

Creating the Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

Specifying Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

Specifying Engineering Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8

Running the Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

Viewing the Goals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10

Viewing Cut Plots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11

Viewing Surface Plots. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15

Viewing Flow Trajectories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16Viewing X-Y Plot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18

Case 2: Gate Valve in the Half-Closed Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19

Contents


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ii FloEFD Pro FEP10 Demonstration Version Guide

Tutorial 2 - Heat Exchanger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1


Creating the Project. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

Specifying Fluid Subdomain. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4Specifying Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6

Specifying Solid Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8

Specifying Engineering Goals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8

Cloning the Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

Running the Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

Loading Results. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

Viewing Surface Plots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11

Getting Surface Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12

Viewing the Animation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13

Tutorial 3 - T-Mixer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1


Creating the Project. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2

Using Component Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4

Specifying Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5

Specifying Engineering Goals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7

Cloning the Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8

Running the Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9

Loading Results. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9

Viewing the Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9

Viewing Cut Plots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10Viewing Isosurfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-11

Viewing Surface Plots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13

Getting Surface Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14


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FloEFD Pro FEP10 Demonstration Version Guide iii

Tutorial 4 - Flow over the Roof-Mounted Figure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

Opening the Model. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-2

Creating the Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-2

Specifying the Size of the Computational Domain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-4Specifying Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-5

Specifying Engineering Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-6

Cloning the Project. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-6

Running the Calculation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-8

Loading Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-8

Viewing the Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-8

Viewing Surface Plots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-9

Viewing Cut Plots. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10

Tutorial 5 - Exhaust Manifold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1

Opening the Model. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-2

Creating the Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-2

Specifying Boundary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-4

Specifying Engineering Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-6

Running the Calculation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-7

Loading Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-7

Viewing Goal Plots. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-8

Viewing the Animation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-9


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Overview

1-2 FloEFD Pro FEP10 Demonstration Version Guide

FloEFD Pro interface consists of the following main elements:

FloEFD Pro Analysis Tree that provides an easy way to define a project, check and

modify its properties at any time, and access the results analysis tools.

FloEFD Pro toolbars that provide quick access to the functions of FloEFD Pro in a

manner familiar for most users;

FloEFD Pro menu, integrated to the Pro/ENGINEER menu bar and providing

access to all functionality of FloEFD Pro, arranged in a hierarchical order;

In the graphic area you can see the visual representation of the specified input data and

obtained results, as well as adjust the results visualization settings.

FloEFD ProAnalysis Tree

FloEFD ProToolbars Graphic AreaFloEFD ProMenu


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FloEFD Pro FEP10 Demonstration Version Guide 2-1

Limitations of the Demonstration Version

This demonstration version of FloEFD Pro allows you to run five tutorial examples that

are supplied only with this package. The geometry files for these tutorials are located in:

install_dir\FloEFD Pro Demonstration Version 10\examples\Demonstration

Examples1

(e.g. C:\Program Files\MentorGraphics\FloEFD Pro Demonstration Version10\examples\Demonstration Examples)

When loading the geometry files, it is assumed that you select the instance suggested in

the tutorial description and pass all the steps prior to the actual calculation. To run a

calculation in this demonstration version, you will need to switch to the Instance that has a

name ending with PRE-DEFINED, where the calculation function is unlocked. These

instances already include the FloEFD Pro project defined in accordance with the tutorialand cannot be further modified. Alternatively, if you select the other Instance Name, you

can still create and modify your own FloEFD Pro project, however the calculation

function for these instances will be locked.

For the model geometry, not relevant to these tutorials, FloEFD Pro is disabled.

1.The geometry files for Pro/ENGINEER Tryout Edition are located in:

install_dir\FloEFD Pro Demonstration Version 10\examples\Demonstration Exam-

ples (Tryout),

e.g. C:\Program Files\MentorGraphics\FloEFD Pro Demonstration Version 10\exam-

ples\Demonstration Examples (Tryout)


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Limitations of the Demonstration Version



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Tutorial 1 - Gate Valve

In the first demonstration example we

consider the flow of water through aGate Valve attached to a pipe. As you

can see on the picture at right, for this

simulation a part of water tract with the

Gate Valve is cut out from a longer tract.

To simulate the water flow, we set the

value of inlet mass flow rate to 20 lb/s

and the outlet pressure to 30 lbf/in2.

The objective of the simulation is to

determine how the pressure drop

between the inlet and outlet changes aswe move the Gate Valve from the near

open to the half-closed position.

Opening the Model

1 Copy the Gate Valve folder into your working directory and ensure that the files are

not read-only. Run FloEFD Pro.

2 Click File,Open. In the File Opendialog box, browse to the gatevalve.asmassemblylocated in the Gate Valvefolder and click Open. The Select Instancedialog box will

appear.

3 Select The genericinstance and click Open.

Outlet Pressure:

30 lbf/in2

Inlet Mass Flow Rate: 20 lb/s


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Tutorial 1- Gate Valve


You may notice that the model inlet and outlet are closed with cylindrical lids. These lids

are necessary to enclose the internal space of the model allowing FloEFD Pro to determine

the fluid region properly. Each time you analyze a flow inside a model, you need to close

all model openings with lids.

When analyzing an external flow around the model or flow both around and through

the model, you do not have to close the model openings with lids.

FloEFD Procontains a lid creation tool that can relieve you from creating the lids

manually. This tool (available by clickingFlow Analysis, Tools, Create Lids) can

automatically create lids by closing all openings in the selected planar face of the

model.

Creating the Project

1 Click Flow Analysis, Project, Wizard.

The Wizard dialog box appears.

This Wizard will guide you through the

process of defining the fundamental

properties of your FloEFD Proproject

step-by-step. Here you will define such

properties as unit system, analysis type

and fluids.

2 Select Use currentto use the current

instance for the FloEFD Pro project.

To advance to the next step, click Next.3 Under Unit System, select USA. In the

Unitcolumn right to the parameters

names change the units for the Velocity

and Lengthparameters to Foot/minute

(ft/min) and Inch(in) respectively.

Within FloEFD Pro, there are several pre-

defined unit systems. You can also define

your own unit system to use in the project.

If you want to change the unit system or

specific units later in the project, click

Flow Analysis, Units.

Click Next.


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4 In the Analysis Typedialog box, keep the

default settings: Analysis typeis set to

Internaland the Exclude cavities

without flow conditionscheck box is

selected. For this problem, do not select

any physical features.

The analysis is consideredInternalin

FloEFD Proif it deals with the flow inside

the model. If you want to simulate the flow

over or around the model or, at the same

time, through the model, select the

Externalanalysis type.

FloEFD Proautomatically considers all closed cavities within the model as filled with

the fluid. To remove the fluid regions not relevant for the problem from the analysis,

select theExclude cavities without flow conditionsoption. Selecting this option will

save CPU and memory resources when running the calculation.

Optionally, FloEFD Procan take into account additional physical features, such as

heat conduction in solids and thermal radiation. Transient (time-dependent) analyses

are also possible. Gravitational effects can be accounted for natural convection cases.

Analysis of rotating equipment is one more option available.

Click Next.

5 Under Fluidsexpand the Liquidsitem

and double-click Water. Keep default

Flow Characteristics.

FloEFD Prohas an integrated

Engineering Database (available by

clickingFlow Analysis, Tools,

Engineering Database) that contains

pre-defined properties for several liquids,

gases and solids, as well as definitions for

some other entities like fans, porous

media, etc. You can also add your own

(user-defined) items and materials to the Engineering Database.

ClickNext.


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6 Accept the default wall conditions and

click Next.

When we do not consider heat conduction

in solids, we have an option to define a

default thermal condition for the walls

contacting with the fluid. The default walltype,Adiabatic wall, indicates that the

walls are perfectly insulated.

7 Accept the default initial conditions and

click Next.

On this step we may change the initial

values for pressure, temperature and

velocity of the simulated flow. The closerthese values are set to the ones obtained

in the analysis, the quicker the calculation

will finish. When it is not possible to

estimate these parameters, we can leave

here the default values.

Click Next.

8 Keep the default Result resolutionlevel

of 3.

Result Resolution determines the desiredlevel of accuracy for the calculation

results. It controls not only the resolution

of the geometry, but is also used to define

several parameters for the calculation,

such as convergence criteria. The higher

the value of Result Resolution is set, the

better the geometry will be resolved and

the more accurate results, in general, can

be obtained.

Click Finish. A new FloEFD Pro Analysis tree tabappears in the Navigator panel. To continue with the

FloEFD Pro project definition, click this tab.


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We will use FloEFD Pro Analysis tree to define our project in the

same way as you use the Model tree to create and manage your

models. The analysis project is defined using features available

under Input Data.

The exact list of theInput Dataitems depends on the physical

features selected during definition of the project in the Wizard.However, the Analysis Tree is fully customizable and you can

select which input data features should always be visible.

The results processing tools are available underResults. The

set of results processing tools is independent on the selected

physical features, but it is also fully customizable.

The FloEFD Pro Analysis Tree can be customized by right-

clicking at the project name at the top of the tree and selecting

Customize Tree.

Specifying Boundary Conditions

Aboundary conditionis used to define flows of fluid entering or exiting the model

through the openings by specifying pressure, mass or volume flow rate or velocity on the

faces of corresponding lids closing the model openings.

Boundary conditions are also used to define various conditions on the model walls,

such as thermal conditions, roughness or moving wall conditions.

In a typical internal analysis boundary conditionsmust be specified at all lids closing the

model openings.

1 In the FloEFD Pro Analysis tree, expand the

Input Dataitem.

2 Right-click the Boundary conditionsitem

and select Insert Boundary Condition.

3 Select the inner face of INLET_LID.

To access this face, set Filterto Geometryand

in the graphic area right-click INLET_LID

until the inner face is highlighted, then clickthis face one more time to add it to the Faces

to Apply the Boundary Condition list.


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4 Under Typeselect Flow Openings and then

select Inlet Mass Flow.

5 Under Flow Parametersspecify Mass Flow Rate

Normal to Face of 20 lb/s.

6 Select the Fully developed flowcheck box. The

flow at inlet has characteristics of a fully

developed flow in a long tube, because we

simulate a fragment of a longer water tract, not

just in a standalone gate valve.

For circular and rectangular inlet openings theFully developed flowoption specifies

the velocity profile and turbulence parameters corresponding to the fully developed

turbulent flow in a tube.

7 Click OK. The new Inlet Mass Flow 1item defining the

inlet flow appears in the FloEFD Pro Analysis tree.


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8 To define the outlet flow, right-click the

Boundary conditionsitem and select Insert

Boundary Condition.

9 Select the inner face of OUTLET_LIDin the

same way as you selected the inner face of

INLET_LID.

10 Under Typeselect Pressure Openings

and then select Static Pressure.

11 Under Thermodynamic Parameters, specify the

value of Static Pressure equal to

30 lbf/in^2.

12 Click OKto close the dialog box.


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Specifying Engineering Goals

FloEFD Pro uses the concept of Engineering Goals that allows you to specify which

parameters are of interest for you in the analysis. These can be, for example, average

outlet flow velocity, maximum temperature of a wall or force applied to a surface. When

you specify some variable as a goal, you tell FloEFD Pro to focus on it when determiningif the appropriate accuracy of the solution is reached during the calculation. You can run

the calculation without any goals defined in the project, but it usually takes more time and

resources to finish.

Goals can be set throughout the entire domain (Global Goals), within a selected volume

(Volume Goals), on a selected surface area (Surface Goals), or at given point (Point

Goals).

1 In the FloEFD Pro Analysis tree, right-click the

Goalsitem and select Insert Surface Goals.

2 Click the Inlet Mass Flow 1item in the Analysis

tree. This way we tell FloEFD Pro to add the face

that corresponds to this boundary condition to the

Faces to Apply the Surface Goal list.

3 Under Parameterselect the Avcheck box in the

Static Pressurerow. This means that we choose

average value of the static pressure on the

selected face as a goal.

4 Click OK. We will use the created goal to

determine the pressure drop.

5 In the Analysis tree right-click the Goalsitem and select Insert Equation Goals.

Equation Goal is a goal defined by an equation using the already specified goals and

input data parameters as variables.

6 In the Analysis tree, under Goals, select the

created SG Av Static Pressure 1goal. It will

appear in the Expressionbox.

7 Click the minus "-" button on the calculator

panel.

8 In the Analysis tree select the Static Pressure 1boundary condition.

9 In the Parameter listselect Static Pressure.


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10 Make sure that the Dimensionalityis set to Pressure & stressand the Use the goal

for convergence controlcheck box is selected.

The Use the goal for convergence control(Use for Conv.) check box enables to use

the convergence on this goal as one of the calculation stopping criteria. Usually this

check box should be selected for all goals important for your analysis. You can clear

this check box if you create an equation goal just to monitor the value of someparameter during calculation.

11 Click OK.

12 Click-pause-click the name of the goal in the analysis tree

(Equation Goal 1) and rename it to Pressure Drop.

At this stage, the FloEFD Pro project is fully defined and ready for calculation. To run the

calculation in this demonstration version, you need to switch to the

VALVE__PRE-DEFINEDinstance, for which the calculation function is unlocked.

Running the Calculation

1 After activating the VALVE__PRE-DEFINEDinstance, click Flow Analysis, Solver,

Run.

2 In the Rundialog box you can optionally select the number of CPUs in your PC that

will be used for this calculation.

3 Click Runto start the calculation.

In the opened Solverdialog box you can monitor the status of the calculation.

4 After the calculation has started, click the Suspend button on the Solvertoolbar.

We employ the Suspend option only due to extreme simplicity of the current example,

which otherwise could be calculated too fast, leaving you not enough time to perform

the subsequent steps of results monitoring. Normally you can use the monitoring tools

without suspending the calculation.

5 Click Insert Goal Plot on the Solvertoolbar. The Add/Remove Goalsdialog

box appears.


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6 Select Pressure Dropin the Select goalslist and

click OK. The goal plot appears.

In the Goal plot box you can see

the current value and the graph

for each of the selected goals as

well as the current estimated

progress towards achieving the

appropriate accuracy, given as a

percentage.

To see how the flow field changes during calculation, you can click Insert Preview .

The preview parameter and other settings can be changed by right-clicking at the preview

and selecting Settings.

7 Click the Suspend button again to continue calculation.

When the calculation is finished, close the monitor by clicking File,Close.

Viewing the Goals

1 In the FloEFD Pro Analysis tree, under Results, right-

click the Goal Plotsicon and select Insert.


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2 In the Goalsdialog box, select Pressure Drop.

3 Click OK.

An Excel spreadsheet with the goal results will open. On the first sheet there is a table

summarizing the selected goals.

A more detailed analysis of the obtained solution can be performed by using various

FloEFD Pro results processing tools.

Viewing Cut Plots

A cut plot displays the distribution of some parameter on the specified plane. It can be

represented as a contour plot, 3D profile plot, isolines, vectors, or as arbitrary combination

of any of these (for example, contours with overlaid vectors)

1 In the FloEFD Pro Analysis tree, right-click Cut Plotsand select Insert.

GATEVALVE.ASM [VALVE__PRE-DEFINED]

Goal Name Unit Value Averaged Value Minimum Value Maximum Value Progress [%] Use In Convergence

Pressure Drop [lbf/in^2] 0.01111939 0.010311448 0.009947368 0.01111939 100 Yes


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2 Select ASM_FRONTas the cut plane. To do

this, switch to the Pro/ENGINEER Model Tree

tab, click Settings, Tree Filtersand make sure

that Featuresis selected. Then click OKand

select ASM_FRONTitem in the Model Tree.

3 In the Cut Plotdialog, under Display, selectContours .

4 Under Contoursmake sure that Parameter

is set to Pressure.

Set the Number of Levels to

maximum (255).

5 Click OK.

In order to see a plot through a non-transparent geometry, you must either: a) change

the model transparency (View, Color and Appearance); b) change the model display

to Wireframe; c) enable the cross section (View, View Manager, Xsectab).


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The resulting plot will look something like this:

The color bar at the left to the model displays the parameter visualization palette and

serves as a legend for the displayed results plot.

By clicking the parameter name under the color bar, you can select a different

parameter to display.


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1 Under the color bar, click Pressureand select Velocity.

Then click .

You will see a velocity plot like the one below.

2 Change the contour cut plot to a vector cut

plot. To do this, in the FloEFD Pro Analysis

tree, under Cut Plots, right-click the Cut Plot

1item and select Edit Definition.

3 Under Displayclear Contours and

select Vectors .

4 Under Vectorsset Spacing to 0.5 inand

Arrow Sizeto 0.9 in.


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5 Click Adjust Minimum and Maximum and

change the Maximum velocity value to

50 ft/min, then click OK.

A portion of the resulting vector plot is shown below:

Viewing Surface Plots

1 In the FloEFD Pro Analysis tree right-click the Cut Plot 1item and selectHide.

2 Right-click Surface Plotsand select Insert.

3 Select the Use all facescheck box, then click

Apply.


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4 Under Contoursset the Parameter to

Pressure.

5 To adjust the color range of the plot, click Adjust

Minimum and Maximum and change the

Minimum and Maximum values to

29.98and 30.02 lbf/in^2respectively.

6 Click OK.

This plot shows the Pressure distribution on all faces that are in contact with the fluid

(including inlet and outlet ones).To view the Surface Ploton a particular surface, clear the

Use all facescheck box and then select the surface of interest.

Viewing Flow Trajectories

1 In the FloEFD Pro Analysis tree right-click the Surface Plot 1item and selectHide.

2 Right-click Flow Trajectoriesand select Insert.

3 Click the Static Pressure 1boundary condition to select its face.


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4 Make sure that Pattern is selected under

Starting Points.

5 Set the Number of Points to 16, then click

OK.

By default, Flow Trajectories, like any new plot, are colored by parameter selected for

the previous plot. You can select a different parameter or just set a fixed color.


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Viewing X-Y Plot

This feature is used to show how the value of some parameter changes along the specified

sketch. The resulting plot is exported to MicrosoftExcel.

1 In the FloEFD Pro Analysis tree right-click the

Flow Trajectories 1item and selectHide.

2 Right-click XY Plotsand select Insert.

3 Under Parameters select X-Component of

Velocity.

4 In the Model tree select Sketch 1.

5 Click OK.

This is the plot you will see:

GATEVALVE.ASM [VALVE__PRE-DEFINED]

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

200

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Length (in)

X-velocity(ft/min)

SKETCH_1@Unknown0_1


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Case 2: Gate Valve in the Half-Closed Position

With the FloEFD Pro project defined for one Gate Valve position, we can easily define

similar project for the other Gate Valve position by cloning the existing project to the

instance that corresponds to this position.

1 Click Flow Analysis, Project, Clone Project.

2 Select Add to existing.

3 In the Existing configurationlist select VALVE_HALF-

CLOSED.

4 Click OK.

5

6

7 As the selected instance loads, you will get the following message:

This message occurs when you modify the model geometry (or project settings) so that

the maximum or minimum X, Y or Z coordinates of the analyzed region become

different from their values specified in the Computational Domain settings.

Click Yes.

8 As the computational domain is now modified, the second message suggests you to

reset mesh settings for it.

Click Yes.

As you can see, FloEFD Pro tracks geometry changes and suggests you to adjust the

project automatically. Together with the ability to clone projects with all the specifiedinput data and results plots settings, it makes FloEFD Pro a very flexible and easy-to-use

tool for analyzing multiple design variants. In our case we use these capabilities to analyze

the Gate Valve performance at the various positions of the disk.

Now, the FloEFD Pro project for the half-closed Gate Valve position is ready. To calculate

the project for this Gate Valve position, switch to the

VALVE_HALF-CLOSED__PRE-DEFINEDinstance and repeat the steps described in the

Running the Calculationsection.


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When loading the Goal Plot, you will see a table as shown below:

According to this table, the value of pressure drop increased about 5 times comparing to

the Gate Valve at the near open position. You can use FloEFD Pro results processing tools

to see how the change in Gate Valve position influences the overall flow field.

GATEVALVE.ASM [VALVE_HALF-CLOSED__PRE-DEFINED]Goal Name Unit Value Averaged Value Minimum Value Maximum Value Progress [%] Use In Convergence

Pressure Drop [lbf/in^2] 0.052389454 0.051176481 0.049564228 0.052719498 100 Yes


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Tutorial 2 - Heat Exchanger

Here we demonstrate the capabilities of FloEFD Pro to perform "what-if" analysis by

considering two design options of a counter-flow Heat Exchanger. You can see itsschematic diagram on the picture below.

The difference between two proposed models lies in the shape of fins placed on the outer

wall of the inner tube: in the first case these fins are flat, while in the second case they are

spiral. The boundary conditions for the fluid flows in both models are the same.

To simulate heat transfer in solids, we consider that the inner tube with fins is made of

copper and the housing is made of stainless steel. In order to make simulation more

realistic, we also take into account heat exchange between the outer walls of the housing

and the external fluid with a known temperature.

The objective of this simulation is to predict the performance of the considered HeatExchanger models and compare the obtained results.

It is assumed that you have already passed the Gate Valvetutorial that demonstrates the

basic principles of using FloEFD Pro.

Air Inlet Volume Flow Rate:

90 ft3/min at 1800 F

Water Inlet Mass Flow Rate:

1.2 lb/s at 69.08 F

Water Outlet Pressure:

Atmospheric pressure

Air Outlet Pressure:

58.3 lbf/in2


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Opening the Model

1 Copy the Heat Exchanger folder into your working directory and ensure that the files

are not read-only. Run FloEFD Pro.

2 Click File,Open. In the File Opendialog box, browse to the heat_exchanger.asm

assembly located in the Heat Exchangerfolder and click Open. The Select Instancedialog box will appear.

3 Select the FLAT_FINSinstance and click Open.



2 In the opened dialog box, select Use

currentto use the current instance for the

FloEFD Pro project.

To advance to the next step, click Next.

3 Under Unit System, select USA.

Click Next.

4 In the Analysis Typedialog box keep

Internalas the Analysis type. Under

Physical Features, select the Heat

conduction in solidscheck box.

By default, FloEFD Proconsiders heat

conduction only within the fluid. To

calculate a problem that includes heat

transfer in solid parts, select the Heat

conduction in solidsoption.

Click Next.


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5 Since there are two fluids (water and air)

in this simulation, add both of them to the

Project Fluidslist: Expand the Gases

item and add Air, then expand the Liquids

item and add Water. In the Project Fluids

list, make sure that the Default fluid type

is Gases/Real Gases/Steam.

By default, all fluid regions within the

computational domain are filled with a

fluid of one certain type (gases, liquids,

compressible liquids or non-newtonian

liquids).

If your model has one fluid region, it can be filled either with a single fluid or with a

mixture of fluids of the same type. When there are several fluid regions within a model

that are separated by solid, you can specify a different fluid type for each of these

regions by using theFluid Subdomainfeature after finishing the Wizard.

ClickNext.

6 Expand the Glasses and Mineralsitem

and select Insulatoras the default solid

material, then click Next.

Here we assign this material to the lids

that close the model openings as the most

numerous parts in this model. Since there

are no lids in the original model, we have

to exclude them from the heat transferanalysis by assigning the Insulator

material.

Materials for other model components

will be specified later.

To assign a different material to some particular component, you must create a Solid

Materialcondition for this component after finishing the Wizard.

7 In the Wall Conditionsdialog box select

Heat transfer coefficientin the

Default outer wall thermal conditionlist. Change the value of Heat transfer

coefficientto 5.5 W/m^2/K. The

entered value is automatically converted

to the selected system of units.

Click Next.


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8 In the Initial Conditionsdialog box,

under Thermodynamic Parameters

specify the values of Pressureand

Temperatureequal to 58.3 lbf/in^2and 1800 Frespectively. These values are

taken from the problem statement. Accept

the default values for other conditions and

click Next.


of 3 and click Finish.

Switch to the FloEFD Pro Analysis tree tab.

In the Analysis tree, expand the Input Dataitem, then right-click the ComputationalDomainicon and select Hide.

Specifying Fluid Subdomain

By default, FloEFD Pro considers that all fluid regions in the project have the same

Default fluid type. To specify a different fluid type and the exact set of fluids within a

closed fluid region, you have to use the Fluid Subdomainfeature.

Since we selected Gases/Real Gases/Steamas the Default fluid typeand Air as the

Default Fluidfor this project in the Wizard, we need to specify a separate Fluid

Subdomainfor Water(Liquidstype).


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1 Click Flow Analysis, Insert, Fluid

Subdomain.

2 Select the inner face of the

INLET_LID_WATER. To access this

face, set Filterto Geometryand in the

graphic area right-clickINLET_LID_WATERuntil the inner

face is highlighted, and then click this face

one more time to add it to the Faces to

Apply the Fluid Subdomain list.

After you add this face, you will see a

preview of the detected subdomain that is

shown as a blue body in the graphics area.

To define a fluid subdomain, you need to

select a face contacting the fluid region.

3 Under Fluids, in the Fluid typelist, select

Liquids. Make sure that Water (Liquids)is

selected.

4 Under Thermodynamic Parametersspecify the

values of Pressure and Temperature

equal to 14.7 lbf/in^2and 68 Frespectively.

5 Click OK. The new Fluid Subdomain 1item

appears in the Analysis tree. Click-pause-click its

name and rename it to Water Subdomain.


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Boundary Condition.

2 Select the inner face of INLET_LID_AIR.

3 Under Type, select Flow openings and then

select Inlet Volume Flow.

4 Under Flow Parametersspecify the Volume

Flow Rate Normal to Face value of

90 ft^3/min.

5 Expand the Thermodynamic Parametersgroup.

You can see that the values of the Approximate

pressure and Temperature are takenfrom the initial conditions specified in the Wizard

and are equal to 58.3 lbf/in^2and 1800 Frespectively.

6 Click OK. The new Inlet Volume Flow 1item appears in the Analysis tree. Rename

this item to Inlet Volume Flow - Air.


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7 Specify the same way inlet water flow

(Inlet Mass Flow - Water) on the

inner face of INLET_LID_WATER.

Under Flow Parametersspecify the value

of the Mass Flow Rate Normal to Face

equal to 1.2 lb/s.

8 Specify the boundary conditions for the outlet flows as shown in the table below:

The Environment Pressureis a special boundary condition type that is interpreted asstatic pressure for outlet flows and total pressure for inlet flows. Specifying this

condition on a face, where fluid may flow in both directions (i.e. a vortex may occur),

usually can lead to a better solution.

The Temperaturevalue specified in the boundary condition applies only to the

incoming flow, if such flow occurs.

Air Water

Faces to apply inner face of

OUTLET_LID_AIR

inner face of

OUTLET_LID_WATER

Basic set of

boundary conditions Pressure Openings Pressure Openings

Type of boundary

condition

Environment Pressure Static Pressure

Thermodynamic

Parameters

Default, the pressure and

temperature values are taken

from the Initial Conditions

and equal to 58.3 lbf/in^2

and 1800 Frespectively

Default, the pressure and

temperature values are taken

from the Fluid Subdomain

settings and equal to

14.7 lbf/in^2and 68 F

respectively


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Specifying Solid Materials

1 Click Flow Analysis, Insert, Solid Material. The Solid Materialdialog appears.

2 Switch to the Model Tree and select the

component CENTRAL_PART.PRTand both

SIDE_PART.PRTcomponents. All threecomponents appear in the Components to

Apply the Solid Material list.

3 In the Solidgroup expand the Pre-Defineditem

and under Alloysselect the Steel Stainless 321

solid material, then click OK.

4 The new Steel Stainless 321 Solid Material 1

item appears in the Analysis tree under Solid

Materials. Rename it to Housing - Steel

Stainless 321.5 In the same way specify the Coppersolid

material (available under Pre-Defined, Metals)

for the CORE.PRTcomponent. Rename the

created item to Core - Copper.

Click anywhere in the graphics area to clear the

selection.


1 In the FloEFD Pro Analysis tree, right-

click the Goalsitem and select Insert

Surface Goals.

2 In the Analysis tree, select the

Environment Pressure 1item. This

selects the face at which the condition is

specified. The face appears in the Faces to

Apply the Surface Goal list.

3 In the Parametertable, select AvforTemperature of Fluid. Make sure that the

Use for Conv. check box for this

parameter is selected.


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4 Change the Name templateto:

Av Outlet Temperature of Air.

5 Click OK.

6 Repeat the same steps to create a surface

goal of the average temperature of water at

outlet. Select the Static Pressure 1boundary condition to specify the face for thesurface goal. When editing the Name template, type: Av Outlet Temperature of

Water.

Cloning the Project

The FloEFD Pro project for the Heat Exchanger model with flat fins is now fully defined.

It is obvious that the project for the second Heat Exchanger modification (with spiral fins)

will be basically the same. Thus, we can simply clone the current project and assign it to

the corresponding instance.



3 In the Existing configurationlist, select

SPIRAL_FINS.

4 Click OK.

5

6 As the selected instance loads, you will get a message that asks you if you want to reset

mesh settings for the modified geometry. Click Yes.

7 Click Flow Analysis, Project, Rebuild.

At this stage, both FloEFD Pro projects are fully defined and are ready for calculation. To

run the calculation in this demonstration version, you need to switch either to the

FLAT_FINS__PRE-DEFINEDor SPIRAL_FINS__PRE-DEFINED instance, for

which the calculation function is unlocked. Then we will run the calculation of both pre-

defined projects in the batch mode.


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1 Click Flow Analysis, Solve, Batch

Run.

2 In the Batch Rundialog box, select

the Solvecheck box for both"PRE-DEFINED" projects and clear

all check boxes for two other

projects.

3 Click Run.

Wait while solver calculates both

projects.

In the solver monitor window you can notice the Goal plotand Previewwindows with

the messages asking you to select goals and check the plot settings. You can ignore or

close them.The layout and settings of the solver monitor windows are stored when you close the

solver monitor. The solver monitor layout stored from the previous calculation

automatically applies when you start a new calculation. It is very convenient if you

perform a series of calculations to analyze similar projects having some variations, which

is typical for design optimization. In our case, the goal plotand preview settings from the

previous calculation are not applicable, because the goals and model geometry in the heat

exchanger project are completely different from the first example or any other example in

the tutorial.

After the calculation is finished, close both monitor windows by clicking File,Close.

Loading Results

1 In the active Pro/ENGINEER screen, click Flow Analysis, Results, Load/Unload

Results.

2 In the Load Resultsdialog box, keep the default project results file name and click

Open.

Once you calculate several FloEFD Proprojects using Batch Run, you have to load the

results manually.

3 Activate the other calculated project and repeat steps 1-2.

Now, both result files are loaded in memory.

When analyzing the obtained results using the FloEFD Pro post-processing tools, we

assume that you are working with a single project, however you can switch to the other

project anytime and repeat the same steps.


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Here we use Surface Plotto get a 3D view of the temperature distribution on the surface

of the housing.

1 In the FloEFD Pro Analysis tree, right-click Surface Plotsand select Insert.

2 In the analysis tree, select the Housing - Steel Stainless 321item. All the faces of the

components belonging to this solid material condition will be added to the Surfaces

list.

3 Under Contoursset the Parameter to Solid

Temperature.


change the Minimum and Maximum

values to 150 and 1800 F respectively.

5 Click OK. You will see a plot that looks

something like the one shown below. Optionally, you can change the Model Displayto

Wireframein order to get a more detailed view of this plot.


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Getting Surface Parameters

This tool is used to determine minimum, maximum and average values of parameters in

fluid and solid as well as calculate some integral parameters, such as mass flow rate or

heat transfer rate, on the selected surfaces. For this problem, we use this tool to summarize

the outlet air flow data and calculate the heat transfer rate from the inner tube walls to thewater

1 In the FloEFD Pro Analysis tree, right-click Surface Parametersand select Insert.

2 In the analysis tree, select the Environment

Pressure 1boundary condition. The face that

corresponds to this condition appears in the

Faces list.

3 Under Parametersselect All.

4 Under Options click Export to Excel. An Excel

spreadsheet with the calculated surface

parameters will be generated. Close the Surface

Parametersdialog by clicking OK.

5 Switch to the other calculated project and repeat

the steps above.

With Excel spreadsheets generated for both

models, it makes sense to compare the calculated Temperaturevalues that are

presented in the Local parameterstable. These values are highlighted below.

For flat fins:

For spiral fins:

We conclude that the Heat Exchanger with spiral fins is more efficient, as the

considered spiral fins have a larger contact area between fluid and solid surfaces, so

they are able to absorb more heat comparing to the flat fins.

Parameter Minimum Max imum A veragePressure [lbf /in^2 ] 58.3 58.3 58.3

Dens ity [lb/f t^3] 0.085942351 0.091920756 0.088149394

V eloc ity [f t/s ] 30.6884821 120.381267 99.3808554

X - Co mpo ne nt o f V e lo city [f t/s ] - 11 .66 12 128 14 .0 901 67 1 .7 44 564 55

Y - Compon ent o f V e loc ity [f t/s ] 3 0.48 63 126 120 .1 042 68 9 8.8 6907 81

Z - Co mp on en t o f V elo c it y [ f t/s ] - 14 .6 63 52 14 1 6. 43 63 21 2 0 .1 65 38 14 42

Mach Number [ ] 0.015179146 0.059536331 0.049107178

Fluid Temperature [F] 1251.8681 1370.87827 1325.65997

Parameter Minimum Maximum Average

Pressure [lbf /in^2] 58.3 58.3 58.3

Density [lb/f t^3] 0.087519362 0.093704925 0.090331378

Velocity [f t/s ] 31.1474937 121.279043 94.7471253

X - Component of Velocity [f t/s] -8.80518301 20.8723541 1.17671203Y - Component of Ve loc ity [ ft /s ] 31.0171032 120.956285 94.1745525

Z - Component of Veloc ity [ f t/s] -20.8601693 13.2075903 0.462670324

Mach Number [ ] 0.01551359 0.060558943 0.047394012

Fluid Temperature [F] 1219.24741 1337.90424 1282.50346


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To estimate how much heat is taken away by the water flow in both cases, we can

calculate the heat transfer rate from the inner tube walls to the water.

1 Once again, in the FloEFD Pro Analysis tree, right-click Surface Parametersand

select Insert.

2 Select the surfaces of the inner tube that are in contact with water.

3 Under Parametersselect All, then under Options click Export to Excel.Click OKto

close the Surface Parametersdialog.

4 Repeat the same steps for the other calculated project.

In the generated Excel spreadsheets, the value of Heat Transfer Ratethat is of interest

is presented in the Integral parameterstable. Comparing these values, we see that

about 15% more heat can be taken away by the water flow when considering the inner

tube with spiral fins (under the given flow conditions).

Viewing the Animation

We will use the Animationtool to view how the fluid temperature changes on the

cross-section plane as this plane moves along the flow axis.


2 In the Cut Plotdialog, make sure that the selected Section Plane or Planar Face

is ASM_RIGHT.

3 Under Contoursset the Parameter to Fluid

Temperature.


change the Minimum and Maximum

values to 150 and 1800 F respectively.

5 Click OK. This way we created a reference plot.

Set the Model Displayto Wireframeand choose

the appropriate model orientation in the graphic area.

6 In the FloEFD Pro Analysis tree, right-click Animationsand select Insert.

7 In the Animationdialog box, right-click

the track that corresponds to the createdCut Plot 1and select Properties.


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8 Select Move. Change the Start positionand

Finish positionvalues to 0.8 ft and -0.8 ft

respectively.

9 Click OK.

10 To play the animation, click the button. Optionally, you can save the animation to

an AVI file by clicking the button. The file will be saved in the project results

directory

Feel free to experiment with this and other FloEFD Pro results processing tools on your

own.


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Tutorial 3 - T-Mixer

In this tutorial example we study the flow of water and ethanol as they mix together in the

channel of a T-Mixer. Here, two models of T-Mixer are considered. The first model is atypical one, while the second model is expected to provide more uniform mixing.

The difference between these two models is highlighted on the picture below.

To simulate the flow of water and ethanol entering through the pipes (as shown above), we

set the values of their inlet mass flow rates both equal to 0.02 kg/s. The resulting mixture

exits the T-mixer at the pressure of 1 atm.

Ethanol Inlet Mass Flow Rate:

0.02 kg/s

Water Inlet Mass Flow Rate:

0.02 kg/s

Outlet Pressure:

1 atm

T-Mixer Model 1 (original)

T-Mixer Model 2 (modified)


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The objective of the simulation is to investigate how the proposed design change

influences the mixing. In order to obtain some quantitative information about the mixing

performance in both models, we will focus our attention on the distribution of Ethanol

mass fraction near the outlet.

Such analysis may help an engineer to make a decision: whether the proposed modification

improves the performance or not.

It is assumed that you have already passed at least the Gate Valvetutorial that demonstrates

the basic principles of using FloEFD Pro.

Opening the Model

1 Copy the Mixing Armature folder into your working directory and ensure that the

files are not read-only. Run FloEFD Pro.

2 Click File,Open. In the File Opendialog box, browse to the t-mixer_main.asm

assembly located in the Mixing Armature folder and clickOpen

. TheSelect

Instancedialog box will appear.

3 Select the The genericinstance and click Open.



2 In the opened dialog box, select

Create newand name the configuration

T-MIXER_ORIGINAL.

With creating a new configuration for the

FloEFD Proproject, we create a new

instance for this project in theFamily

Table.

Click Next.


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3 Under Unit System, keep the default

International System (SI).

When specifying parameters in the

FloEFD Proproject, you can use any

appropriate units that can be different

from the default unit system. However thevalues you type will be converted to the

units of the default unit system.

Click Next.

4 In the Analysis Typedialog box, keep

Internalas Analysis type.

Do not select any physical features.

Click Next.

5 Expand the Liquidsitem and add Ethanol

and Waterto the Project Fluidslist.

Make sure that both are marked as the

Default Fluid.

If there are several fluids of the same type

marked as theDefault Fluid, all these

fluids will be considered within the

computational domain. In case the

selected fluid is not marked as default, it

is reserved for aFluid Subdomain, if

there is one.

ClickNext.


click Next.


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7 In the Initial Conditionsdialog box,

under Concentration, change the Mass

fractionsof Ethanoland Waterto 0and

1respectively. This means that initially

the fluid region within the computational

domain is entirely filled with water.

Keep the other values default.

Click Next.

8 Set the Result resolutionlevel to 5.

Select Manual specification of the

minimum wall thickness.

Type the value of Minimum wall

thicknessequal to 0.002 m.

Click Finish.


Using Component Control

When examining the list of components in this assembly, you can notice the MEASUREassembly that consists of four components placed near the outlet lid. They are added here

to be used when estimating the distribution of mass fraction (or more precisely, its average

values) of Ethanol over the outlet. By setting the corresponding goals on the ring-shaped

faces of these additional components, we can get a detailed statistics about the distribution

of Ethanol in different flow regions (from the near-wall to the flow core) in the same

cross-section.

To set goals on the MEASUREcomponents, first we have to configure them so that they

do not influence the fluid flow during the calculation, i.e. we make them "transparent" for

the flow.


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1 Click Flow Analysis, Component Control.

2 In the Component Controldialog box select the

MEASUREassembly and click Disable.

3 Click OK.

In case the disabled component is in contact with the computational domain boundary,

it is recommended to reset the default size of the computational domain.

4 In the FloEFD Pro Analysis tree right-click Computational Domainand select Edit

Definition.

5 Under Size and Conditionsclick Reset.

6 Click OK.



Boundary conditionsitem and select Insert Boundary

Condition.

2 Select the inner face of INLET_LID_WATER.


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3 Under Typeselect Flow openings and then

select Inlet Mass Flow.

4 Under Flow Parametersspecify the Mass Flow

Rate Normal to Face value of 0.02 kg/s.

5 Expand the Substance Concentrationsgroup

and make sure that the Mass fractionsof

Ethanoland Waterare set to 0and 1

respectively.

The default values of Substance Concentrations

and Thermodynamic Parametersare set usingInitial conditionsspecified in the

Wizard.

6 Click OK. The new Inlet Mass Flow 1item appears in the Analysis tree. Rename it to

Inlet Mass Flow - Water.

7 Specify the same way the Inlet Mass Flow -

Ethanolboundary condition on the inner face of the

INLET_LID_ETHANOLwith the same Mass Flow

Rate Normal to Face value of 0.02 kg/s.As

opposed to the previous boundary condition, under

Substance Concentrationsset the values of Ethanol

and Watermass fractions to 1and 0respectively.


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8 Specify the Environment Pressureboundary condition

with the default values on the inner face of

OUTLET_LID. To make the selection of the face easier,

you can hide the MEASUREassembly.


1 In the FloEFD Pro Analysis tree, right-click the Goalsitem and select Insert Surface

Goals.

2 In the graphic area, select the inner faces of all four

MEASUREcomponents as shown in the picture right.

Unhide the MEASUREassembly if necessary.


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3 In the Parametertable, select Bulk Av

for Mass Fraction of Ethanol.

4 Select Create goal for each surface,

then click OK.

Cloning the Project

The FloEFD Pro project for the first model is now fully defined. It is obvious that the

project for the second T-Mixer model will be basically the same. Thus, we can simplyclone the current project and assign it to the corresponding instance.



3 In the Existing configurationlist, select T-

MIXER_MODIFIED.

4 Click OK.

5 When asked to reset the Computational Domain / Mesh

Settings, click Yes.


run the calculation in this demonstration version, you need to switch now either to the

T-MIXER_ORIGINAL__PRE-DEFINEDor T-MIXER_MODIFIED__PRE-

DEFINEDinstance, for which the calculation function is unlocked. Then we will run the

calculation of both pre-defined projects in the batch mode.


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Run.


the Solvecheck box for both"PRE-DEFINED" projects and clear

all check boxes for two other

projects.

3 Click Run.


projects.

After the calculation is finished, close both monitor windows by clicking File,Close.

Loading Results


Results.


Open.


Now, both result files are loaded in memory.

When analyzing the obtained results by using the FloEFD Pro post-processing tools, we

assume that you are working with a single project, however you can switch to the otherproject anytime and repeat the same steps.

Viewing the Goals

1 In the FloEFD Pro Analysis tree, under Results, right-click Goal Plotsand select

Insert.

2 In the Goal Plotdialog box, under Goals, select

All.

3 Click OK.

An Excel spreadsheet with the goal results will

open. On the first sheet there is a table summarizing

the selected goals.

Switch to the second calculated project and repeat the steps 1-3 to obtain the goal plot for

the second modification of T-mixer.


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Now you can compare goal values for both modifications.

Judging by these values, we can say that both modifications demonstrate similar mixing

performance. To get the exact answer, which modification is better, let us analyze the

calculated flow fields in more detail.

Viewing Cut Plots

Let us see how Ethanol mixes with Water in the plane of symmetry.


2 Select ASM_FRONTas the cut plane. To do

this, first go to the Pro/ENGINEER Model Tree

tab, click Settings, Tree Filtersand make sure

that Featuresis selected. Then click OKand

select the ASM_FRONTitem in the Model Tree.

3 In the Cut Plotdialog, under Display, select both

Contours and Vectors .

4 Under Contourswe need to select Ethanol Mass Fractionas the Parameter.

However, this parameter is not available for selection by default. To make it selectable,

in the Parameter list select Add Parameter.

5 In the opened Display Parametersdialog, expand

the Localitem and enable Mass Fraction of

Ethanol, then click OK.

T-MIXER_MAIN.ASM [T-MIXER_ORIGINAL__PRE-DEFINED]

Goal Name Unit Value Averaged Va lue Minimum Va lue Max imum Va lue Progress [%] Use In Convergence

SG Bulk Av Mass Fraction [ ] 0.577270289 0.578437516 0.575982605 0.590244805 100 Y es


SG Bulk Av Mass Fraction [ ] 0.554801684 0.555324334 0.550736932 0.55631653 100 Y esSG Bulk Av Mass Fraction [ ] 0.430518859 0.430163037 0.423873927 0.431178217 100 Y es

T-MIXER_MAIN.ASM [T-MIXER_MODIFIED__PRE-DEFINED]

Goal Name Unit Value Averaged Va lue Minimum Va lue Max imum Va lue Progress [%] Use In Convergence






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6 In the Cut Plotdialog, under Contours, now

select Ethanol Mass Fractionas the

Parameter , then click Adjust Minimum

and Maximum and change the Minimum

and Maximum values to 0and 1

respectively.

7 Set the Number of Levels to maximum (255)

and click OK.

Repeat the steps 1-7 for the second calculated project. The resulting plots will look

something like this:

Judging by these plots, we can say that the modified T-Mixer provides better penetration

of Ethanol to the bottom side of the Water flow.

Viewing Isosurfaces

Using this feature, you can plot a 3D surface at which the selected parameter has some

constant value. We will use it to view a mixing surface (i.e. the surface, where the

Ethanol Mass Fractiontakes a value of 0.5).

1 In the FloEFD Pro Analysis tree, right-click the Cut Plot 1item and selectHide.

2 Right-click Isosurfaces 1and select Show. By default, FloEFD Pro draws isosurface,where the pressure takes a value of 1 atm. We need to change this.


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3 Right-click Isosurfaces 1again and select Edit

Definition.

4 Change the Parameter to Mass Fraction of

Ethanol .

5 Under Value 1set the Value to 0.5.

6 Under Appearance, in the Color by

Parameter list, select Velocity.


set the Number of Levels to maximum (255),

then click OK.

You can select Grid under Appearanceto show grid lines at the isosurface.

Repeat the steps 1-7 for the second calculated project. Set the same Maximum value

for the Velocityparameter as in the first project.

Now we can see, how a certain parameter (Velocity, in our case) changes along the mixing

surface.

Velocity plot on the mixing surface of T-Mixer (Original model)


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Here we use this feature to view the distribution of Ethanol at the outlet.

1 In the FloEFD Pro Analysis tree right-click the Isosurfaces 1item and select Hide.2 Right-click Surface Plotsand select Insert.

3 Click the Environment Pressure 1boundary condition to add the corresponding face

to the Surfaces list.

4 Under Contourschange the Parameter to Mass Fraction of Ethanol, then click

OK.

Repeat the steps 1-4 for the second calculated project.

Velocity plot on the mixing surface of T-Mixer (Modified model)


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These are the plots you will see:

Feel free to experiment with this and other results processing tools on your own.

Getting Surface Parameters

To make a final conclusion regarding the mixing performance of these two T-Mixermodels, we will calculate a dispersion of Ethanol Mass Fractionat the outlet. The model

with lesser dispersion will indicate more uniform mixing of Ethanol and Water.

From theory, we can derive the equation of Mass Fraction dispersion in the form presented

below:

where , u, dSare, respectively, density, velocity and the differential of area.

1 Click Flow Analysis, Tools, Engineering Databse.

2 Expand the Custom

Visualization Parameters

item and select User

Defined.

3 Click New Item in the

toolbar. The blank Item

Propertiestab appears. Toset a property value,

double-click the

corresponding empty cell .

Distribution of Ethanol at the outlet: (a) - Original model, (b) - Modified model

(a) (b)

,

)5.0( 2

2

=

S

S

udS

dSFractionMassEthanolu


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4 Fill the table as shown below:

In this FloEFD Pro project, Mass Fraction 1 corresponds to the Mass Fraction of

Ethanol

5 Click Save in the toolbar and click File, Exit.

6 Right-click the Results icon and select Parameter List.

7 In the opened Display Parameterswindow,

expand the Localitem and enable the newly

created Dispersionparameter, then click OK.

8 In the FloEFD Pro Analysis tree right-click Surface Parametersand select Insert.

9 In the analysis tree, select the Environment Pressure 1boundary condition. The face

that corresponds to this condition appears in theFaces

list.10 Under Parametersselect All.

11 Under Options click Export to Excel. An Excel spreadsheet with the calculated

surface parameters will be generated. Close the Surface Parametersdialog by

clicking OK.

Switch to the other calculated project and repeat the steps 6-10.

With Excel spreadsheets generated for both models, we have to compare the

bulk average values of the calculated Dispersionthat are presented in the Local

parameterstable.

Original model:

Modified model:

Comparing these values, we can conclude that the Original model actually provides more

uniform mixing.

Name Dispersion

Type formula Scalar

Formula ({Mass Fraction 1}-0.5)^2

Unit Non-dimensional

Parameter Minimum Maximum Average Bulk Average

Dispersion [ ] 0.001564181 0.248678497 0.145777072 0.14928345

Parameter Minimum Max imum A verage Bulk A verage

Dis pe rs ion [ ] 1.43 65 E-0 6 0 .2 49 74 82 68 0 .0 99 66 11 65 0.0 93 75 10 73


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Tutorial 4 - Flow over the Roof-Mounted Figure

This tutorial illustrates how to simulate an external flow over a solid body. As an example,

we consider a roof-mounted exhaust pipe with its flange end masked by abird-looking figure. When the wind flows over this figure, it applies certain force and

torque on it. The objective of this simulation is to calculate both these parameters in the

hurricane-like conditions with the known wind velocity of 45 m/s and examine how a

minor change in the wind direction influences the resulting values. Here we consider two

cases as shown on the picture below.

In this simulation, we also take into account the outlet flow from the exhaust pipe by

specifying a fixed value of pressure on the corresponding faces (marked with yellow on the

pictures above) .

It is assumed that you have already passed at least the Gate Valvetutorial that

demonstrates the basic principles of using FloEFD Pro.

Wind direction 1

(Vx=-20 m/s,

Vy=40 m/s)

Wind direction 2

(Vy=45 m/s)

Exhaust pipe


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Opening the Model

1 Copy the Roof-Mounted Figure folder into your working directory and ensure that the

files are not read-only. Run FloEFD Pro.

2 Click File,Open. In the File Opendialog box, browse to the

bird_shaped-exhaust.asm assembly located in the Roof-Mounted Figurefolder andclick Open. The Select Instancedialog box will appear.

3 Select the The genericinstance and click Open.



2 In the opened dialog box, select

Create newand name the configuration

WIND_DIRECTION1.

Click Next.

3 Under Unit System, keep the default

International System (SI).

Click Next.

4 In the Analysis Typedialog box, select

Externalas the Analysis type.

Do not select any physical features.

Click Next.


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5 Expand the Gasesitem and add Airto the

Project Fluidslist.

ClickNext.


click Next.

7 In the Initial and Ambient Conditions

dialog box, under Velocity Parameters,

change the Velocity in X direction and

Velocity in Y directionto -20 m/sand

40 m/srespectively.

Keep the other values default.

The specifiedInitial and Ambient

conditionsfor theExternaltype of

analysis are treated both as Initial

conditions within the computational

domain and as Boundary conditions on its

bounding faces that make up a parallelepiped. The specified velocity and temperature

values are maintained on the computational domain boundaries where the fluid flows

into the computational domain , while the pressure values are maintained on theboundaries where the fluids flows out of the computational domain. Once you finish the

Wizard, you can preview this domain in the graphic area and modify it to the

appropriate size.

Click Next.


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of 3.

Select Manual specification of the

minimum wall thickness.

Type the value of Minimum wall

thicknessequal to 0.05 m.

Click Finish.

In the graphic area, you will see a preview of the automatically generated computational

domain.


Specifying the Size of the Computational Domain

In most cases, the computational domain automatically generated for an external problem

will be appropriate. However, in this simulation, we can noticeably decrease its size to

reduce the total CPU time for the analysis.

First, it is convenient to cut down the fluid space located below the considered figure,

since we do not take into account any possible impact on the flow from the actual

building, where this figure is mounted on. For this tutorial, we also decrease the size of the

computational domain in two other directions.

1 In the FloEFD Pro Analysis tree right-click the Computational Domainitem and

select Edit Definition.

2 Under Size and Conditions, set the following

values:

X max : 10 m,

X min : -20 m,

Y max : 25 m,

Y min : -10 m,


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Z max : 15 m,

and Z min : 0 m.

You can also adjust the computational domain size by dragging the colored arrows at

its faces. If you need, you can switch back to the size of the automatically generatedcomputational domain by clickingReset.

3 Click OK.

It is a common practice (in an Externalanalysis) to specify the boundaries of the

computational domain far from the analysed solid body. This way these boundaries have a

minor influence on the flow near the body, resulting in an accurate flow prediction. When

the position of the boundaries has a negligible influence on the flow field near the body,

we can decrease the overall size of the computational domain keeping the acceptable

degree of accuracy with less CPU time spent for the calculation.




Boundary Condition.

2 Select two faces of the WING-Land WING-R

components as shown on the picture at right.


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3 Under Typeselect Pressure Openings and

then select Environment Pressure.

4 Click OK. The default values for this boundary

condition are appropriate here, so we do not have

to change them.


1 In the FloEFD Pro Analysis tree, right-

click the Goalsitem and select Insert

Global Goals.

2 In the Parametertable, select Force,

X-Component of Force,

Y-Component of Force

andZ-Component of Torque.

3 Make sure that the Global Coordinate

Systemis selected, so that the goals

will be calculated with respect to this

system.

4 Click OK.

Cloning the Project

The FloEFD Pro project for the first case is now fully defined. For the second case, the

model geometry remains the same. The only difference is that we have to change the wind

direction.


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2 Select Create new.

3 Edit the Configuration name to WIND_DIRECTION2.

4 Click OK. This will create a new Instance for the second

project.

5 In the new instance window, in the FloEFD Pro Analysis

tree right-click Input Dataand select General Settings.

6 Use the Navigator at the right side of the

dialog box to switch to Initial and ambient

conditionsand change the Velocity in X

direction andVelocity in Y directionto

0 m/sand 45 m/srespectively.

7 Click OK.

8 In the FloEFD Pro Analysis tree right-click

Computational Domainand select Edit

Definition.

9 Under Size and Conditions, change the

following values:

X max to 15 m and

X min to -15 m.

10 Click OK.

11 Since the specified wind direction produces

virtually zero values of X-Component of Force

and Z-Component of Torqueon the analyzed

figure (it has a symmetry in the Z-Y plane), we

can exclude these parameters from the

convergence control in the current project and soreduce the total calculation time.

To do this, in the FloEFD Pro Analysis tree,

under Goals, double-click GG X - Component

of Force 1.

In the opened dialog box clear the Use for

convergence controlcheck box and then click OK.


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12 Repeat the same step for the GG Z - Component of Torque 1.

Notice that we do not totally exlude these goals from the project in order to keep an eye

on their values during the calculation.


run the calculation in this demonstration version, you need to switch now either to the

WIND_DIRECTION1__PRE-DEFINED orWIND_DIRECTION2__PRE-DEFINED instance, for which the calculation function is

unlocked. Then we will run the calculation of both pre-defined projects in the batch mode.



Run.


the Solvecheck box for both

"PRE-DEFINED" projects and clearall check boxes for two other

projects.

3 Click Run.


projects.

After the calculation is finished, close

both monitor dialog boxes by clicking File,Close.

Loading Results

1 In the activated Pro/ENGINEER screen, click Flow Analysis, Results, Load/Unload

Results.


Open.


When analyzing the obtained results by using the FloEFD Pro post-processing tools, we

assume that you are working with a single project, however you can switch to the other

project anytime and repeat the same steps.

Viewing the Goals


Results.

2 In the FloEFD Pro Analysis tree, under Results, right-click Goal Plotsand select

Insert.


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3 In the Goal Plotdialog, under Goals, select All.

4 Click OK.

An Excel spreadsheet with the goal results will

open. On the first sheet there is a table summarizing

the selected goals.

Switch to the second calculated project and repeat

the steps 1-4 to obtain the goal plot for the second

wind direction.

For the first case, we get:

And for the second case:

Analyzing these results, we can say that for the first case, when the wind has X-Velocity

component two times smaller than Y-Velocity component, we get the X-Component of

Force that is about twice as bigger as Y-Component of Forceobtained on both cases. So,

when designing such figure, it is obligatory to consider the wind blowing in several

directions.


Here we use this feature to see how the pressure changes on the surface of the figure.

1 In the FloEFD Pro Analysis tree, right-click Surface Plotsand select Insert.

2 In the Selectiongroup, select the Use all facescheck box.

3 Under Contoursset the Parameter to Pressure

4 Click Adjust Minimum and Maximum and change the Minimum and

Maximum values to 99000 Paand 102000 Parespectively. Set the Number of

Levelsto maximum (255) and then click OK.

BIRD_SHAPED-EXHAUST.ASM [WIND_DIRECTION1__PRE-DEFINED


GG Force 1 [N] 22391.62041 22334.70375 22176.62309 22448.13796 100 Yes

GG X - Component of Force 1 [N] -18983.95826 -18932.1487 -19070.95573 -18716.20037 100 Yes

GG Y - Component of Force 1 [N] 11642.18393 11616.52881 11533.11792 11830.97839 100 Y es

GG Z - Component of Torque 1 [N*m] -18712.6334 -18690.85468 -18716.86086 -18648.04338 100 Yes

BIRD_SHAPED-EXHAUST.ASM [WIND_DIRECTION2__PRE-DEFINED]


GG Force 1 [N] 10863.42838 10901.26188 10859.45604 11000.77219 100 Yes

GG X - Component of Force 1 [N] -116.9423958 -28.19217596 -116.9423958 44.88277087 0 No

GG Y - Component of Force 1 [N] 10022.46629 10030.70112 10002.14079 10085.49871 100 Yes

GG Z - Component of Torque 1 [N*m] -20.69706805 -10.08273773 -30.51409657 13.00198838 0 No


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8 Expand Optionsand set Plot Transparencyto

0.25.

9 Click OK.

You will see a velocity plot like the one below

Wind direction 1


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Feel free to experiment with this and other results processing tools on your own.

Wind direction 2


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Tutorial 5 - Exhaust Manifold


To consider the operation cycle of valves in the simulation, we specify a time-dependent

volume flow rate at the inlet of each tube in the exhaust manifold. For example, when the

valve is closed, the volume flow rate must turn to zero. Once the valve gets opened, the

volume flow rate becomes equal to the given value that depends on the engine volume and

speed. For the specified 2-liter engine, we set these values as shown on the picture.

The objective of the simulation is to investigate how the flow field in the Exhaust Manifoldchanges in time. It is assumed that you have already passed at least the Gate Valvetutorial

that demonstrates the basic principles of using FloEFD Pro.

Opening the Model

1 Copy the Exaust Manifold folder into your working d

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