Front MatterSource: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,Vol. 94, No. 6 (Mar. 18, 1997), pp. i-ixPublished by: National Academy of SciencesStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/41592 .

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PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

March 18, 1997 Volume 94, Number 6 pp. 2091-2772

Table of Contents

Perspective

The objects of selection 2091-2094 Ernst Mayr

Commentaries

The Alzheimer family of diseases: Many etiologies, 2095-2097 one pathogenesis?

John Hardy

Pax-6: Where to be conserved is not conservative 2098-2100 William A. Harris

Bronchial asthma: Lessons from murine models 2101-2102 G. J. Gleich and H. Kita

Altered DNA methylation and genome instability: A 2103-2105 new pathway to cancer?

Peter A. Jones and Mark L. Gonzalgo

Physical Sciences

CHEMISTRY

Virtual combinatorial libraries: Dynamic generation 2106-2110 of molecular and supramolecular diversity by self-assembly

Ivan Huc and Jean-Marie Lehn

PHYSICS

An elementary mode coupling theory of random 2318-2321 heteropolymer dynamics

Shoji Takada, John J. Portman, and Peter G. Wolynes

Biological Sciences

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

Transgenic elite indica rice plants expressing CrylAc 2111-2116 a-endotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis are resistant against yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas)

Pritilata Nayak, Debabrata Basu, Sampa Das, Asitava Basu, Dipankar Ghosh, Neeliyath A. Ramakrishnan, Maloy Ghosh, and Soumitra K. Sen

APPLIED BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

Selection of marker-free transgenic plants using the 2117-2121 isopentenyl transferase gene

Hiroyasu Ebinuma, Koichi Sugita, Etsuko Matsunaga, and Mikiko Yamakado

Removal of a cryptic intron and subcellular 2122-2127 localization of green fluorescent protein are required to mark transgenic Arabidopsis plants brightly

Jim Haseloff, Kirby R. Siemering, Douglas C. Prasher, and Sarah Hodge

iii

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Contents

Generation of cDNA expression libraries enriched 2128-2132 for in-frame sequences

Claytus A. Davis and Seymour Benzer

BIOCHEMISTRY

Identification of a functional water channel in 2133-2138 cytochrome P450 enzymes

Tudor I. Oprea, Gerhard Hummer, and Angel E. Garcia

Structural features of the binding site for ribosomal 2139-2144 protein S8 in Escherichia coli 16S rRNA defined using NMR spectroscopy

K. Kalurachchi, K. Uma, R. A. Zimmermann, and E. P. Nikonowicz

From phosphatases to vanadium peroxidases: A 2145-2149 similar architecture of the active site

Wieger Hemrika, Rokus Renirie, Henk L. Dekker, Phil Barnett, and Ron Wever

Discovery and analysis of inflammatory 2150-2155 disease-related genes using cDNA microarrays

Renu A. Heller, Mark Schena, Andrew Chai, Dari Shalon, Tod Bedilion, James Gilmore, David E. Woolley, and Ronald W. Davis

The von Hippel-Lindau tumor-suppressor gene 2156-2161 product forms a stable complex with human CUL-2, a member of the Cdc53 family of proteins

Arnim Pause, Stephen Lee, Robert A. Worrell, David Y. T. Chen, Wilson H. Burgess, W. Marston Linehan, and Richard D. Klausner

Nucleoprotein-based nanoscale assembly 2162-2167 Steven S. Smith, Luming Niu, David J. Baker, John A. Wendel, Susan E. Kane, and Darrin S. Joy

Cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation of mammalian 2168-2173 protein phosphatase 1 by cdc2 kinase

Young-Guen Kwon, Soo Young Lee, Yongwon Choi, Paul Greengard, and Angus C. Nairn

Supercoil-induced extrusion of a regulatory 2174-2179 DNA hairpin

Xing Dai, Miriam B. Greizerstein, Krisztina Nadas-Chinni, and Lucia B. Rothman-Denes

Receptor and G/3y isoform-specific interactions with 2180-2185 G protein-coupled receptor kinases

Yehia Daaka, Julie A. Pitcher, Mark Richardson, Robert H. Stoffel, Janet D. Robishaw, and Robert J. Lefkowitz

Silent information regulator protein complexes in 2186-2191 Saccharomyces cerevisiae: A SIR2/SIR4 complex and evidence for a regulatory domain in SIR4 that inhibits its interaction with SIR3

Danesh Moazed, Amy Kistler, Amy Axelrod, Jasper Rine, and Alexander D. Johnson

Evidence for a lipochaperonin: Association of active 2192-2197 protein-folding GroESL oligomers with lipids can stabilize membranes under heat shock conditions

Zsolt Torok, Jbolya Horvaith, Pierre Goloubinoff, Eszter Kovacs, Attila Glatz, Gabor Balogh, and Laszlo Vigh

Identification of an alternative form of human 2198-2203 lactoferrin mRNA that is expressed differentially in normal tissues and tumor-derived cell lines

Paul D. Siebert and Betty C. B. Huang

A putative angiogenin receptor in 2204-2209 angiogenin-responsive human endothelial cells

Guo-fu Hu, James F. Riordan, and Bert L. Vallee

Volatile signals of the major histocompatibility 2210-2214 complex in male mouse urine

Alan G. Singer, Gary K. Beauchamp, and Kunio Yamazaki

DNA damage can alter the stability of nucleosomes: 2215-2220 Effects are dependent on damage type

David B. Mann, David L. Springer, and Michael J. Smerdon

Regulation of E2F through ubiquitin-proteasome- 2221-2226 dependent degradation: Stabilization by the pRB tumor suppressor protein

Miguel R. Campanero and Erik K. Flemington

Identification of a novel negative retinoic acid 2227-2232 responsive element in the promoter of the human matrix Gla protein gene

Jutta Kirfel, Manuela Kelter, Leonor M. Cancela, Paul A. Price, and Roland Schule

Coordination dynamics of biological zinc "clusters" in 2233-2237 metallothioneins and in the DNA-binding domain of the transcription factor Gal4

Wolfgang Maret, Kjeld S. Larsen, and Bert L. Vallee

Molecular characterization of human and mouse fatty 2238-2242 acid amide hydrolases

Dan K. Giang and Benjamin F. Cravatt

Sequence requirements of the HIV-1 protease flap 2243-2248 region determined by saturation mutagenesis and kinetic analysis of flap mutants

Wei Shao, Lorraine Everitt, Marianne Manchester, Daniel D. Loeb, Clyde A. Hutchison III, and Ronald Swanstrom

The La antigen binds 5' noncoding region of the 2249-2254 hepatitis C virus RNA in the context of the initiator AUG codon and stimulates internal ribosome entry site-mediated translation

Naushad Ali and Aleem Siddiqui

The biochemical basis for L-canavanine tolerance by 2255-2260 the tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (Noctuidae)

Coromoto Melangeli, Gerald A. Rosenthal, and Douglas L. Dalman

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase enhances 2261-2265 activator-dependent transcription in vitro

Michael Meisterernst, Gertraud Stelzer, and Robert G. Roeder

UV-induced mutagenesis of human p53 in a vector 2266-2271 replicated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Deborah J. Moshinsky and Gerald N. Wogan

iv

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Contents

Enhancer blocking activity located near the 3' end of 2272-2277 the sea urchin early H2A histone gene

Franco Palla, Raffaella Melfi, Letizia Anello, Maria Di Bernardo, and Giovanni Spinelli

Coexpression of nuclear receptor partners increases 2278-2283 their solubility and biological activities

Chuan Li, John W. R. Schwabe, Ester Banayo, and Ronald M. Evans

Establishment of methylation-sensitive- 2284-2289 representational difference analysis and isolation of hypo- and hypermethylated genomic fragments in mouse liver tumors

Toshikazu Ushijima, Keiichirou Morimura, Yoko Hosoya, Hideo Okonogi, Masae Tatematsu, Takashi Sugimura, and Minako Nagao

Observations on catalysis by hammerhead ribozymes 2290-2294 are consistent with a two-divalent-metal- ion mechanism

Brian W. Pontius, William B. Lott, and Peter H. von Hippel

Stat5 is a physiological substrate of the 2295-2300 insulin receptor

Jing Chen, Henry B. Sadowski, Ronald A. Kohanski, and Lu-Hai Wang

BIOPHYSICS

Feedback inhibition of Ca2+ channels by Ca2+ 2301-2305 depends on a short sequence of the C terminus that does not include the Ca2+-binding function of a motif with similarity to Ca2+-binding domains

Jianming Zhou, Riccardo Olcese, Ning Qin, Francesca Noceti, Lutz Birnbaumer, and Enrico Stefani

Structural basis for dual excitation and 2306-2311 photoisomerization of the Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein

Katjusa Brejc, Titia K. Sixma, Paul A. Kitts, Steven R. Kain, Roger Y. Tsien, Mats Ormo, and S. James Remington

Stepped versus continuous rotatory motors at the 2312-2317 molecular scale

Dirk Sabbert and Wolfgang Junge

An elementary mode coupling theory of random 2318-2321 heteropolymer dynamics

Shoji Takada, John J. Portman, and Peter G. Wolynes

Single amino acid residue as a functional determinant 2322-2326 of rod and cone visual pigments

Hiroo Imai, Daisuke Kojima, Tomonori Oura, Shuji Tachibanaki, Akihisa Terakita, and Yoshinori Shichida

The structure of mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 2327-2332 at 2.1-A resolution

Zhulun Wang, Paul C. Harkins, Richard J. Ulevitch, Jiahuai Han, Melanie H. Cobb, and Elizabeth J. Goldsmith

Membrane permeabilization by Listeria monocytogenes 2772 phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C is independent of phospholipid hydrolysis and cooperative with listeriolysin 0 (Retraction)

Howard Goldfine, Christopher Knob, Dennis Alford, and Joe Bentz

CELL BIOLOGY

COOH-terminal sequence of the cellular prion 2333-2338 protein directs subcellular trafficking and controls conversion into the scrapie isoform

Kiyotoshi Kaneko, Martin Vey, Michael Scott, Susanne Pilkuhn, Fred E. Cohen, and Stanley B. Prusiner

Quantitative analysis of biological membrane lipids at 2339-2344 the low picomole level by nano-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry

B. Briigger, G. Erben, R. Sandhoff, F. T. Wieland, and W. D. Lehmann

bax-deficiency promotes drug resistance and 2345-2349 oncogenic transformation by attenuating p53-dependent apoptosis

Mila E. McCurrach, Thomas M. F. Connor, C. Michael Knudson, Stanley J. Korsmeyer, and Scott W. Lowe

Dissecting the thrombopoietin receptor: Functional 2350-2355 elements of the Mpl cytoplasmic domain

Jonathan G. Drachman and Kenneth Kaushansky

Downstream of Crk adaptor signaling pathway: 2356-2361 Activation of Jun kinase by v-Crk through the guanine nucleotide exchange protein C3G

Shinya Tanaka, Toru Ouchi, and Hidesaburo Hanafusa

Dominant-negative cyclin-selective ubiquitin carrier 2362-2367 protein E2-C/UbcHlO blocks cells in metaphase

Fiona M. Townsley, Alexander Aristarkhov, Sharon Beck, Avram Hershko, and Joan V. Ruderman

Identification of the second cluster of ligand-binding 2368-2373 repeats in megalin as a site for receptor- ligand interactions

Robert A. Orlando, Markus Exner, Ralf-Peter Czekay, Hajime Yamazaki, Akihiko Saito, Robert Ullrich, Dontscho Kerjaschki, and Marilyn Gist Farquhar

cDNA cloning and expression of bovine procollagen I 2374-2379 N-proteinase: A new member of the superfamily of zinc-metalloproteinases with binding sites for cells and other matrix components

Alain Colige, Shi-Wu Li, Aleksander L. Sieron, Betty V. Nusgens, Darwin J. Prockop, and Charles M. Lapiere

Aberrant trafficking of hepatitis B virus glycoproteins 2380-2385 in cells in which N-glycan processing is inhibited

Xuanyong Lu, Anand Mehta, Mitra Dadmarz, Raymond Dwek, Baruch S. Blumberg, and Timothy M. Block

v

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Contents

DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

Expression of a dominant-negative type II 2386-2391 transforming growth factor /3 (TGF-/3) receptor in the epidermis of transgenic mice blocks TGF-/3-mediated growth inhibition

Xiao-Jing Wang, David A. Greenhalgh, Jackie R. Bickenbach, Aibo Jiang, Donnie S. Bundman, Thomas Krieg, Rik Derynck, and Dennis R. Roop

Function and regulation of heat shock factor 2 during 2392-2397 mouse embryogenesis

M. Rallu, Mt. Loones, Y. Lallemand, R. Morimoto, M. Morange, and V. Mezger

Molecular characterization of Br-cadherin, a 2398-2403 developmentally regulated, brain-specific cadherin

Sara Selig, Hart G. W. Lidov, Sandra A. Bruno, Michael M. Segal, and Louis M. Kunkel

Hedgehog signaling regulates transcription through 2404-2409 cubitus interruptus, a sequence-specific DNA binding protein

Tonia Von Ohlen, Derek Lessing, Roel Nusse, and Joan E. Hooper

Four highly stable eukaryotic mRNAs assemble 3' 2410-2414 untranslated region RNA-protein complexes sharing cis and trans components

Martin Holcik and Stephen A. Liebhaber

EVOLUTION

Floral homeotic genes were recruited from 2415-2420 homologous MADS-box genes preexisting in the common ancestor of ferns and seed plants

Thomas Miinster, Jens Pahnke, Alexandra Di Rosa, Jan T. Kim, William Martin, Heinz Saedler, and Gunter Theissen

Squid Pax-6 and eye development 2421-2426 Stanislav I. Tomarev, Patrick Callaerts, Lidia Kos, Rina Zinovieva, Georg Halder, Walter Gehring, and Joram Piatigorsky

GENETICS

Mutational studies of yeast transcription factor IIB in 2427-2432 vivo reveal a functional surface important for gene activation

Shruti P. Shaw, Daniel J. Carson, Michael J. Dorsey, and Jun Ma

egil-17 encodes an invertebrate fibroblast growth factor 2433-2437 family member required specifically for sex myoblast migration in Caenorhabditis elegans

Rebecca D. Burdine, Estella B. Chen, Shing F. Kwok, and Michael J. Stern

Nonsense mutation at Tyr-4046 in the 2438-2443 DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit of severe combined immune deficiency mice

Ryoko Araki, Akira Fujimori, Kiyohiro Hamatani, Kazuei Mita, Toshiyuki Saito, Masahiko Monr, Ryutaro Fukumura, Mitsuoki Morimyo, Masahiro Muto, Masahiro Itoh, Kouichi Tatsumi, and Masumi Abe

Binary transgenic mouse model for studying the trans 2444-2448 control of globin gene switching: Evidence that GATA-1 is an in vivo repressor of human E gene expression

Qiliang Li, Christopher Clegg, Kenneth Peterson, Sara Shaw, Natacha Raich, and George Stamatoyannopoulos

Detection of heterozygous truncating mutations in the 2449-2453 BRCA1 and APC genes by using a rapid screening assay in yeast

Chikashi Ishioka, Takao Suzuki, Michael FitzGerald, Michael Krainer, Hideki Shimodaira, Akira Shimada, Tadashi Nomizu, Kurt J. Isselbacher, Daniel Haber, and Ryunosuke Kanamaru

IMMUNOLOGY

Exploring the basis of peptide-carbohydrate 2454-2459 crossreactivity: Evidence for discrimination by peptides between closely related anti-carbohydrate antibodies

Shannon L. Harris, Lisa Craig, Jarnail S. Mehroke, Michael Rashed, Michael B. Zwick, Kelly Kenar, Eric J. Toone, Neil Greenspan, France-Isabelle Auzanneau, Jose-R. Marino-Albernas, B. Mario Pinto, and Jamie K. Scott

Lymphotoxin-/3 receptor signaling complex: Role of 2460-2465 tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 3 recruitment in cell death and activation of nuclear factor KB

Todd L. VanArsdale, Sammee L. VanArsdale, Walker R. Force, Barbara N. Walter, George Mosialos, Elliott Kieff, John C. Reed, and Carl F. Ware

The pentamer channel stiffening model for drug 2466-2471 action on human rhinovirus HRV-1A

Nagarajan Vaidehi and William A. Goddard III

Generation of NK1.1+ T cell antigen receptor a//3+ 2472-2477 thymocytes associated with intact thymic structure

Ken-ichi Nakagawa, Kazuya Iwabuchi, Kazumasa Ogasawara, Manabu Ato, Masaharu Kajiwara, Hiroki Nishihori, Chikako Iwabuchi, Hiroshi Ishikura, Robert A. Good, and Kazunori Ono6

Impairment of antigen-specific antibody production in 2478-2482 transgenic mice expressing a dominant-negative form of gpl30

Atsushi Kumanogoh, Satoko Marukawa, Takayuki Kumanogoh, Hisao Hirota, Kenji Yoshida, Ihn-Sook Lee, Teruhito Yasui, Kanji Yoshida, Tetsuya Taga, and Tadamitsu Kishimoto

T cells cooperate with passive antibody to modify 2483-2488 Cryptococcus neoformans infection in mice

RuiRong Yuan, Arturo Casadevall, Jin Oh, and Matthew D. Scharff

Genetically engineered superantigens as tolerable 2489-2494 antitumor agents

Johan Hansson, Lennart Ohlsson, Robert Persson, Gunnar Andersson, Nils-Gunnar Ilback, Mark J. Litton, Terje Kalland, and Mikael Dohlsten

vi

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Contents

Stability of empty and peptide-loaded class II major 2495-2500 histocompatibility complex molecules at neutral and endosomal pH: Comparison to class I proteins

Ziv Reich, John D. Altman, J. Jay Boniface, Daniel S. Lyons, Haruo Kozono, Graham Ogg, Chantal Morgan, and Mark M. Davis

Importance of acidic, proline/serine/threonine-rich, 2501-2506 and GTP- binding regions in the major histocompatibility complex class II transactivator: Generation of transdominant-negative mutants

Keh-Chuang Chin, George G.-X. Li, and Jenny P.-Y. Ting

Fig], an interleukin 4-induced mouse B cell gene 2507-2512 isolated by cDNA representational difference analysis

Charles C. Chu and William E. Paul

Pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells are c-kit`lOw 2513-2517 Hiroshi Doi, Muneo Inaba, Yoshihisa Yamamoto, Shigeru Taketani, Shin-Ichiro Mori, Akira Sugihara, Hajime Ogata, Junko Toki, Hiroko Hisha, Kayo Inaba, Shinji Sogo, Masakazu Adachi, Tadashi Matsuda, Robert A. Good, and Susumu Ikehara

T cell receptor restriction of diabetogenic 2518-2521 autoimmune NOD T cells

E. Simone, D. Daniel, N. Schloot, P. Gottlieb, S. Babu, E. Kawasaki, D. Wegmann, and G. S. Eisenbarth

MEDICAL SCIENCES

Point mutations at the purine nucleoside 2522-2527 phosphorylase locus impair thymocyte differentiation in the mouse

Floyd F. Snyder, Jack P. Jenuth, Ellen R. Mably, and Rupinder K. Mangat

Prevention of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis 2528-2533 by targeting nitric oxide and peroxynitrite: Implications for the treatment of multiple sclerosis

D. Craig Hooper, Omar Bagasra, Joseph C. Marini, Anna Zborek, S. Tsuyoshi Ohnishi, Rhonda Kean, Jean M. Champion, Ashit B. Sarker, Lisa Bobroski, John L. Farber, Takaaki Akaike, Hiroshi Maeda, and Hilary Koprowski

Immunohistochemistry of HLA-H, the protein 2534-2539 defective in patients with hereditary hemochromatosis, reveals unique pattern of expression in gastrointestinal tract

Seppo Parkkila, Abdul Waheed, Robert S. Britton, John N. Feder, Zenta Tsuchihashi, Randall C. Schatzman, Bruce R. Bacon, and William S. Sly

a-Galactosidase A deficient mice: A model of 2540-2544 Fabry disease

Toshio Ohshima, Gary J. Murray, William D. Swaim, Glenn Longenecker, Jane M. Quirk, Carol 0. Cardarelli, Yoshikazu Sugimoto, Ira Pastan, Michael M. Gottesman, Roscoe 0. Brady, and Ashok B. Kulkarni

DNA methylation and genetic instability in colorectal 2545-2550 cancer cells

Christoph Lengauer, Kenneth W. Kinzler, and Bert Vogelstein

A PMLRARa transgene initiates murine acute 2551-2556 promyelocytic leukemia

Diane Brown, Scott Kogan, Eric Lagasse, Irving Weissman, Myriam Alcalay, Pier Giuseppe Pelicci, Susan Atwater, and J. Michael Bishop

Obesity increases sensitivity to endotoxin liver injury: 2557-2562 Implications for the pathogenesis of steatohepatitis

Shi Qi Yang, Hui Zhi Lin, M. Daniel Lane, Mark Clemens, and Anna Mae Diehl

EEN encodes for a member of a new family of 2563-2568 proteins containing an Src homology 3 domain and is the third gene located on chromosome l9pl3 that fuses to MLL in human leukemia

Chi Wai So, Carlos Caldas, Meng-Min Liu, Sai-Juan Chen, Qiu-Hua Huang, Long-Jun Gu, Mai Har Sham, Leanne Marie Wiedemann, Li Chong Chan

Schizophrenia is associated with elevated 2569-2574 amphetamine-induced synaptic dopamine concentrations: Evidence from a novel positron emission tomography method

A. Breier, T.-P. Su, R. Saunders, R. E. Carson, B. S. Kolachana, A. de Bartolomeis, D. R. Weinberger, N. Weisenfeld, A. K. Malhotra, W. C. Eckelman, and D. Pickar

Transgenic mice expressing rabbit C-reactive protein 2575-2580 are resistant to endotoxemia

Dongyuan Xia and David Samols

The quinone reductase gene: A unique estrogen 2581-2586 receptor-regulated gene that is activated by antiestrogens

Monica M. Montano and Benita S. Katzenellenbogen

Insertion of the adenoviral E3 region into a 2587-2592 recombinant viral vector prevents antiviral humoral and cellular immune responses and permits long-term gene expression

Yaron Ilan, Gustavo Droguett, Namita Roy Chowdhury, Yongan Li, Krishna Sengupta, Narsing R. Thummala, Anne Davidson, Jayanta Roy Chowdhury, and Marshall S. Horwitz

Chronic disability trends in elderly United States 2593-2598 populations: 1982-1994

Kenneth G. Manton, Larry Corder, and Eric Stallard

UDP activates a mucosal-restricted receptor on 2599-2603 human nasal epithelial cells that is distinct from the P2Y2 receptor

Eduardo R. Lazarowski, Anthony M. Paradiso, William C. Watt, T. Kendall Harden, and Richard C. Boucher

In Vivo activation of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane 2604-2608 conductance regulator mutant AFSO8 in murine nasal epithelium

Thomas J. Kelley, Kirk Thomas, Laura J. H. Milgram, and Mitchell L. Drumm

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Contents

Pivotal role for the NFIL3/E4BP4 transcription factor 2609-2614 in interleukin 3-mediated survival of pro-B lymphocytes

Satoshi Ikushima, Takeshi Inukai, Toshiya Inaba, Stephen D. Nimer, John L. Cleveland, and A. Thomas Look

Calorie restriction reduces the incidence of myeloid 2615-2619 leukemia induced by a single whole-body radiation in C3H/He mice

Kazuko Yoshida, Tohru Inoue, Kumie Nojima, Yoko Hirabayashi, and Toshihiko Sado

Mixed-backbone oligonucleotides as second 2620-2625 generation antisense oligonucleotides: In vitro and in vivo studies

Sudhir Agrawal, Zhiwei Jiang, Qiuyan Zhao, Denise Shaw, Qiuyin Cai, Allysen Roskey, Lakshmi Channavajjala, Carl Saxinger, and Ruiwen Zhang

MICROBIOLOGY

A genetic system for Archaea of the genus 2626-2631 Methanosarcina: Liposome-mediated transformation and construction of shuttle vectors

William W. Metcalf, Jun Kai Zhang, Ethel Apolinario, Kevin R. Sowers, and Ralph S. Wolfe

NEUROBIOLOGY

Barx2, a new homeobox gene of the Bar class, is 2632-2637 expressed in neural and craniofacial structures during development

Frederick S. Jones, Chrissa Kioussi, Donald W. Copertino, Pekka Kallunki, Brent D. Holst, and Gerald M. Edelman

A novel seizure-induced synaptotagmin gene 2638-2641 identified by differential display

Joseph M. Babity, John N. Armstrong, J.-Christophe L. Plumier, R. William Currie, and Harold A. Robertson

Transcription factor NF-KB is activated in primary 2642-2647 neurons by amyloid /3 peptides and in neurons surrounding early plaques from patients with Alzheimer disease

Barbara Kaltschmidt, Martin Uherek, Benedikt Volk, Patrick A. Baeuerle, and Christian Kaltschmidt

Neuritin: A gene induced by neural activity and 2648-2653 neurotrophins that promotes neuritogenesis

Gregory S. Naeve, Meena Ramakrishnan, Rainer Kramer, Dana Hevroni, Yoav Citri, and Lars E. Theill

Induction by agrin of ectopic and functional 2654-2659 postsynaptic-like membrane in innervated muscle

G. Jones, T. Meier, M. Lichtsteiner, V. Witzemann, B. Sakmann, and H. R. Brenner

The location of the cochlear amplifier: Spatial 2660-2664 representation of a single tone on the guinea pig basilar membrane

I. J. Russell and K. B. Nilsen

Decreased probability of neurotransmitter release 2665-2670 underlies striatal long-term depression and postnatal development of corticostriatal synapses

Sukwoo Choi and David M. Lovinger

Dual activity maps in primate visual cortex produced 2671-2675 by different temporal patterns of zif268 mRNA and protein expression

Avi Chaudhuri, Jonathan Nissanov, Sylvie Larocque, and Lise Rioux

Neuronal (type I) nitric oxide synthase regulates 2676-2680 nuclear factorKB activity and immunologic (type II) nitric oxide synthase expression

Hitoshi Togashi, Masayuki Sasaki, Elliot Frohman, Eichi Taira, Rajiv R. Ratan, Ted M. Dawson, and Valina L. Dawson

Hyperresponsive febrile reactions to interleukin 2681-2686 (IL)-la and IL-1/3, and altered brain cytokine mRNA and serum cytokine levels, in IL-1/3-deficient mice

Katarina Alheim, Zhen Chai, Giamila Fantuzzi, Homa Hasanvan, David Malinowsky, Elena Di Santo, Pietro Ghezzi, Charles A. Dinarello, and Tamas Bartfai

Glucocorticoid receptor pathways are involved in the 2687-2692 inhibition of astrocyte proliferation

Kathryn L. Crossin, Ming-Hong Tai, Leslie A. Krushel, Vincent P. Mauro, and Gerald M. Edelman

Antisense oligodeoxynucleotide-mediated disruption 2693-2698 of hippocampal cAMP response element binding protein levels impairs consolidation of memory for water maze training

John F. Guzowski and James L. McGaugh

In vivo 13C NMR measurements of cerebral glutamine 2699-2704 synthesis as evidence for glutamate-glutamine cycling

N. R. Sibson, A. Dhankhar, G. F. Mason, K. L. Behar, D. L. Rothman, and R. G. Shulman

PHARMACOLOGY

Regulation of intestinal uroguanylin/guanylin 2705-2710 receptor-mediated responses by mucosal acidity

F. Kent Hamra, Sammy L. Eber, David T. Chin, Mark G. Currie, and Leonard R. Forte

A surface on the G protein /3-subunit involved in 2711-2714 interactions with adenylyl cyclases

Yibang Chen, Gezhi Weng, Jinrong Li, Anya Harry, Joseph Pieroni, Jane Dingus, John D. Hildebrandt, Frank Guarnieri, Harel Weinstein, and Ravi lyengar

Irreversible antagonism of 5HT2c receptors by 2715-2718 N-ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline (EEDQ)

Y. G. Ni, N. Camacho, and R. Miledi

Alprazolam dependence prevented by substituting 2719-2723 with the /3-carboline abecarnil

Graziano Pinna, Ruggero Galici, Herbert H. Schneider, David N. Stephens, and Lechoslaw Turski

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Contents

Regulation of sodium channel gene expression by 2724-2728 class I antiarrhythmic drugs and n - 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes

Jing X. Kang, Yunyuan Li, and Alexander Leaf

PHYSIOLOGY

A mutation in autosomal dominant myotonia 2729-2734 congenita affects pore properties of the muscle chloride channel

Christoph Fahlke, Carol L. Beck, and Alfred L. George, Jr.

Targeting transforming growth factor a expression to 2735-2740 discrete loci of the neuroendocrine brain induces female sexual precocity

Florence Rage, Diane F. Hill, Miguel Sena-Esteves, Xandra 0. Breakefield, Robert J. Coffey, Maria E. Costa, Samuel M. McCann, and Sergio R. Ojeda

Oxytocin stimulates the release of luteinizing 2741-2744 hormone-releasing hormone from medial basal hypothalamic explants by releasing nitric oxide

V. Rettori, G. Canteros, R. Renoso, M. Gimeno, and S. M. McCann

PLANT BIOLOGY

Cell proliferation and hair tip growth in the 2745-2750 Arabidopsis root are under mechanistically different forms of redox control

Rocio Sanchez-Fernandez, Mark Fricker, Liz B. Corben, Nick S. White, Nicki Sheard, Christopher J. Leaver, Marc Van Montagu, Dirk Inz6, and Mike J. May

Receptor-mediated activation of a plant 2751-2755 Ca2+-permeable ion channel involved in pathogen defense

Sabine Zimmermann, Thorsten Niirnberger, Jean-Marie Frachisse, Wolfgang Wirtz, Jean Guern, Rainer Hedrich, and Dierk Scheel

Ethylene can stimulate Arabidopsis hypocotyl 2756-2761 elongation in the light

Jan Smalle, Mira Haegman, Jasmina Kurepa, Marc Van Montagu, and Dominique Van Der Straeten

POPULATION BIOLOGY

Early mortality surge in protein-deprived females 2762-2765 causes reversal of sex differential of life expectancy in Mediterranean fruit flies

Hans-Georg Muller, Jane-Ling Wang, William B. Capra, Pablo Liedo, and James R. Carey

Social Sciences

PSYCHOLOGY

Severe spatial navigation deficit in the Morris water 2766-2771 maze after single high dose of neonatal x-ray irradiation in the rat

Andras Czurk6, Boldizsar Cz6h, Laszl6 Seress, Lynn Nadel, and Jan Bures

SOCIAL SCIENCES

Chronic disability trends in elderly United States 2593-2598 populations: 1982-1994

Kenneth G. Manton, Larry Corder, and Eric Stallard

AUTHOR INDEX xi-xii

INFORMATION FOR AUTHORS xiv-xv

SIZING WORKSHEET xvi

COPYRIGHT ASSIGNMENT FORM xvii

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