Front MatterSource: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,Vol. 95, No. 23 (Nov. 10, 1998), pp. i-xPublished by: National Academy of SciencesStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/46687 .
Accessed: 05/05/2014 06:39
Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp
.JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range ofcontent in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new formsof scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected].
.
National Academy of Sciences is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access toProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.
http://www.jstor.org
This content downloaded from 62.122.78.35 on Mon, 5 May 2014 06:39:15 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
November 1 , 1 998
Volume 95/ Number 23
INCLUDES: STANLEY B. PRUSINER'S NOBEL LECTURE ON PRIONS
This content downloaded from 62.122.78.35 on Mon, 5 May 2014 06:39:15 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
Custom Polyclonal & Monoclonal
Antibody Production
Custom Peptide Antibody Production Research Genetics' custom polyclonal antibody
production is a start-to-finish service. Simply supply us with the peptide sequence, and we'll do the rest. Your peptide will be synthesized using Fmoc solid phase methods utilizing either multiple | antigen peptide (MAP) resin technology or the traditional approach of synthesizing a linear peptide and chemically coupling it to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). The price of the a standard polyclonal protocol is $1,195. Because- we are aware that each researcher's needs are different, we offer various modifiications to the standard protocol. Please contact us atL [email protected] for specific requests.
Using tested protocols, antibodies will be generated in two rabbits over a 16-week period. We will also monitor antibody titer by ELISA. Each rabbit typically provides -80 ml of antiserum. Five mg of linear peptide or MAP peptide will also be shipped with the antiserum. With the standard protocol you will receive the following:
* Pre-immune serum bleeds 2-5ml per animal * One primary injection & three boosts * Four week bleeds -20 ml per animal * Eight week bleeds -20 ml per animal * Ten week bleeds -40 ml per animal * Peptide 5 mg * ELISA titers of all bleeds following ten week bleeding
Custom Peptide/Monoclonal Production We start with a peptide sequence, and you receive three clones. Your financial risk is significantly
reduced by the ability to terminate the project before fusion. The basic service starts at $8,500. Inquire about prices on ascites production. Please call or send e-mail to [email protected] for more details on the monoclonal production services which we offer.
Research Genetics also offers a variety of immunological services including assay and kit formatting. Please see our web site at http://www.resgen.com for complete details.
Research Genetics Accelerating Discovery
2130 Memorial Pkwy, SW ^ Huntsville, AL * 35801 U.S. or Canada 800-533-4363 Worldwide 256-533-4363
U.K. 0-800-89-1393 FAX 256-536-9016 http ://www.resgen.com
This content downloaded from 62.122.78.35 on Mon, 5 May 2014 06:39:15 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
A. @j *A S S * * * ii ... A A.: AA*
.0. S 5 A 5 A :. .. - .- . 6
This content downloaded from 62.122.78.35 on Mon, 5 May 2014 06:39:15 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
PROCEEDINGS OF THE
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Officers of the Academy
BRUCE ALBERTS, President JACK HALPERN, Vice President PETER H. RAVEN, Home Secretary F. SHERWOOD ROWLAND, Foreign Secretary RONALD L. GRAHAM, Treasurer
Editor-in-Chief NICHOLAS R. COZZARELLI
Editorial Board of the Proceedings
MAY R. BERENBAUM CHARLES FEFFERMAN PHIL W. MAJERUS CARLA J. SHATZ
PETER J. BICKEL WALTER M. FITCH PHILIPPA MARRACK KAI L. SIMONS
MARIO R. CAPECCHI JOSEPH L. GOLDSTEIN RICHARD D. MCKELVEY CHRISTOPHER A. SIMS
WILLIAM CATTERALL CAROL A. GROSS ARNO G. MOTULSKY SOLOMON H. SNYDER
ANTHONY CERAMI JACK HALPERN RONALD L. PHILLIPS CHRISTOPHER R. SOMERVILLE
PIERRE CHAMBON BERTIL HILLE THOMAS D. POLLARD LARRY R. SQUIRE
MARSHALL H. COHEN PIERRE C. HOHENBERG STANLEY B. PRUSINER STEVEN M. STANLEY
STANLEY N. COHEN H. ROBERT HORVITZ CHARLES RADDING CHARLES F. STEVENS
DAVID R. DAVIES ERICH P. IPPEN GIAN-CARLO ROTA FRANK H. STILLINGER
HERMAN N. EISEN ALFRED G. KNUDSON JEREMY A. SABLOFF KARL K. TUREKIAN
RAYMOND L. ERIKSON ROGER KORNBERG PAUL R. SCHIMMEL DON C. WILEY
ANTHONY S. FAUCI ROBERT LANGER STUART L. SCHREIBER PETER G. WOLYNES
NINA FEDOROFF HARVEY F. LODISH AARON J. SHATKIN
Publisher,: KENNETH R. FuLTON
Managing Editor: DIANE M. SULLENBERGER
Associate Editorial Manager: JOHN M. MALLOY
Associate Manager for Production: -JOANNE D'AMIco Production Coordinator: BARBARA A. BACON
Editorial Coordinators: AZADEH FULLMER, DANIEL H. SALSBURY
Editorial Assistants: RENITA M. JOHNSON, BARBARA J. ORTON, JOE N. HARPE, DORIS DIASE
System Administrator: MARILYN J. MASON
Financial Manager: JOSEPH F. RZEPKA, JR.
Financial Assistant: JULIA A. LITTLE
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (ISSN-0027-8424) is published biweekly by THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES.
Correspondence: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, 2101 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20418 USA (via U.S. postal service) or 1055 Thomas Jefferson Street, NW, Suite FO2013, Washington, DC 20007 USA (via courier or express mail). E-mail: [email protected].
Information for Authors: See pp. xiv-xvi (of this issue) or www.pnas.org.
Copyright: Volumes 90-95, copyright ? 1993-1998 by THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
all rights reserved; Volumes 1-89, copyright as a collective work only [author(s) retains copyright to individual articles]. Requests for Permission: Address requests to reproduce material published in Volumes 1-89 to the original author(s); address other requests to the Permissions Office of the PROCEEDINGS, 2101 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20418 USA, FAX 202-334-2739. Please cite the exact material to be reprinted and state specifically where it will be used. Photocopies: The journal is registered with the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 USA, FAX 978-750-4470. Authorization to photocopy items for the internal or personal use of specific clients is granted by THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES provided that the copier pays to the Center the fee stated in the code on the first page of each article. Microforms: Contact University Microfilms Inc., P.O. Box 1346, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346 USA. This journal is printed on acid-free paper effective with Volume 84, Issue 1.
Subscriptions: Address subscription correspondence to the Circulation Office of the PROCEEDINGS, 2101 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20418 USA. Subscriptions are entered on a calendar-year basis only. The 1998 subscription rates for print only/online only/print plus online are as follows-in the U.S.: student, $90/$50/$110; postdoctoral, $125/$50/$150; personal, $165/$100/$195; institutional, $685/$615/$820-elsewhere (print by surface mail): student, $190/$50/$210; postdoctoral, $225/ $50/$250; personal, $265/$100/$295; institutional, $785/$615/$920-elsewhere by expedited delivery at a surcharge of $320. Air mail rates available on request. Exclusive Agent for Subscribers in Japan: USACO Corporation, 13-12, Shimbashi, 1-Chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105 Japan. Change ofAddress: Notify the Circulation Office 6 weeks in advance and list the old and new addresses. The Academy is not responsible for nonreceipt of issues because of an improper address, unless a change of address is on file. Claims: Requests for replacement copies will not be honored more than 60 days after the issue date for domestic subscribers and not more than 90 days after the issue date for foreign subscribers. Claims will not be honored for more than 2 issues per calendar year for the same subscriber. Single Copies: $30 per issue in the U.S., $40 elsewhere. Canadian GST: Registration Number R-133130880.
Advertising: Contact FASEB AdNet, 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20814-3998 USA. Phone 800-43-FASEB X7103 or 301-530-7103, FAX 301-571-0683. Postmaster: Send address changes to PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, 2101 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20418 USA. Periodicals postage paid at Washington, DC, and additional mailing offices. PRINTED IN THE USA
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES is also available online at www.pnas.org.
This content downloaded from 62.122.78.35 on Mon, 5 May 2014 06:39:15 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
OF
PROCEED INGS
OF THE
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
November 10, 1998 Volume 95, Number 23 pp. 13349-13998
Table of Contents
Commentaries
Plant gene silencing regularized 13349-13351 George Bruening * See companion article on page 13959
Tuberculosis: Old problems and new approaches 13352-13354 Roy M. Anderson * See companion article on page 13881
DSHP: A "power bar" for sustained immune 13355-13357 responses?
Anne B. Satterthwaite, David J. Rawlings, and Owen N. Witte * See companion article on page 13765
Higher-plant phytochrome: "I used to date 13358-13360 histidine, but now I prefer serine"
Anthony R. Cashmore * See companion article on page 13976
Bone homeostasis 13361-13362 Gideon A. Rodan * See companion article on page 13835
Nobel Lecture
Prions 13363-13383 Stanley B. Prusiner
Physical Sciences
APPLIED MATHEMATICS
The thermal explosion revisited 13384-13386 G. I. Barenblatt, J. B. Bell, and W. Y. Crutchfield
CHEMISTRY
Polyazamacrolides from ladybird beetles: Ring-size 13387-13391 selective oligomerization
Frank C. Schroeder, Scott R. Smedley, Leah K. Gibbons, Jay J. Farmer, Athula B. Attygalle, Thomas Eisner, and Jerrold Meinwald
MATHEMATICS
On representations of finite type 13392-13396 Richard V. Kadison
Biological Sciences
APPLIED BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Synthesis of medium-chain-length 13397-13402 polyhydroxyalkanoates in Arabidopsis thaliana using intermediates of peroxisomal fatty acid /3-oxidation
Volker Mittendorf, Elizabeth J. Robertson, Rachel M. Leech, Niels Kruger, Alexander Steinbiichel, and Yves Poirier
iii
This content downloaded from 62.122.78.35 on Mon, 5 May 2014 06:39:15 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
Contents
BIOCHEMISTRY
Identification of a structural determinant for 13403-1.3406 resistance to /3-lactam antibiotics in Gram-positive bacteria
N. Mouz, E. Gordon, A.-M. Di Guilmi, I. Petit, Y. P6tillot, Y. Dupont, R. Hakenbeck, T. Vernet, and 0. Dideberg
Propagating structure of Alzheimer's 13-amyloid(l(-35) 13407-13412 is parallel 3-sheet with residues in exact register
Tammie L. S. Benzinger, David M. Gregory, Timothy S. Burkoth, H6lene Miller-Auer, David G. Lynn, Robert E. Botto, and Stephen C. Meredith
Mitochondrial stress protein recognition of 13413-13418 inactivated dehydrogenases during mammalian cell death
Sam A. Bruschi, J. Gordon Lindsay, and John W. Crabb
An autonomous folding unit mediates the assembly 13419-13424 of two-stranded coiled coils
Richard A. Kammerer, Therese Schulthess, Ruth Landwehr, Ariel Lustig, Jargen Engel, Ueli Aebi, and Michel 0. Steinmetz
A general mechanism for regulation of access to the 13425-13430 translocon: Competition for a membrane attachment site on ribosomes
Ines M61ler, Martin Jung, Birgitta Beatrix, Robert Levy, Gert Kreibich, Richard Zimmermann, Martin Wiedmann, and Brett Lauring
M6ssbauer spectroscopy as a tool for the study of 13431-13435 activation/inactivation of the transcription regulator FNR in whole cells of Escherichia coli
Codrina V. Popescu, Donna M. Bates, Helmut Beinert, Eckard Miinck, and Patricia J. Kiley
Crystal structure of the ribosomal RNA domain 13436-13441 essential for binding elongation factors
Carl C. Correll, Alexander Munishkin, Yuen-Ling Chan, Zhong Ren, Ira G. Wool, and Thomas A. Steitz
Retinoic acid X receptor in the diploblast, 13442-13447 Tripedalia cystophora
Zdenek Kostrouch, Marta Kostrouchova, William Love, Emmanuele Jannini, Joram Piatigorsky, and J. Edward Rall
Oligomerization of activated D- and L-guanosine 13448-13452 mononucleotides on templates containing D- and L-deoxycytidylate residues
Igor A. Kozlov, Stefan Pitsch, and Leslie E. Orgel
Impaired osteoclastic bone resorption leads to 13453-13458 osteopetrosis in cathepsin-K-deficient mice
Paul Saftig, Ernst Hunziker, Olaf Wehmeyer, Sheila Jones, Alan Boyde, Winfried Rommerskirch, Jorg Detlev Moritz, Peter Schu, and Kurt von Figura
Defects in embryonic hindbrain development and 13459-13464 fetal resorption resulting from vitamin A deficiency in the rat are prevented by feeding pharmacological levels of all-trans-retinoic acid
Jeffrey C. White, V. Narayanaswamy Shankar, Margaret Highland, Miles L. Epstein, Hector F.- DeLuca, and Margaret Clagett-Dame
The reactive site loop of the serpin SCCA1 is 13465-13470 essential for cysteine proteinase inhibition
Charles Schick, Dieter Bromme, Allison J. Bartuski, Yoshiki Uemura, Norman M. Schechter, and Gary A. Silverman
Unblocking of chain-terminated primer by HIV-1 13471-13476 reverse transcriptase through a nucleotide- dependent mechanism
Peter R. Meyer, Suzanne E. Matsuura, Antero G. So, and Walter A. Scott
Biosynthetic control of molecular weight in the 13477-13482 polymerization of the octasaccharide subunits of succinoglycan, a symbiotically important exopolysaccharide of Rhizobiuni nmeliloti
Juan E. Gonzalez, Carlos E. Semino, Lai-Xi Wang, Laura E. Castellano-Torres, and Graham C. Walker
TAFI, mutations disrupt Dorsal activation in the 13483-13488 Drosophila embryo
Jumin Zhou, Jork Zwicker, Paul Szymanski, Michael Levine, and Robert Tjian
Metal ion-mediated substrate-assisted catalysis 13489-13494 in type II restriction endonucleases
Nancy C. Horton, Kate Juliet Newberry, and John J. Perona
Aminoacylation of tRNA in the evolution of an 13495-13500 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
Richard S. A. Lipman and Ya-Ming Hou
Long-distance transcriptional enhancement by the 13501-13506 histone acetyltransferase PCAF
Anton Krumm, Linda Madisen, Xiang-Jiao Yang, Richard Goodman, Yoshihiro Nakatani, and Mark Groudine
A Rap protein is a structure-specific endonuclease 13507-13512 involved in phage recombination
Gary J. Sharples, Lisa M. Corbett, and Ian R. Graham
The lipid phosphatase activity of PTEN is critical 13513-13518 for its tumor supressor function
Michael P. Myers, Ian Pass, Ian H. Batty, Jeroen Van der Kaay, Javor P. Stolarov, Brian A. Hemmings, Michael H. Wigler, C. Peter Downes, and Nicholas K. Tonks
HIV-1 Tat transactivator recruits p300 and 13519-13524 CREB-binding protein histone acetyltransferases to the viral promoter
Giuseppe Marzio, Mudit Tyagi, Maria Ines Gutierrez, and Mauro Giacca
A streptavidin mutant with altered 13525-13530 ligand-binding specificity
Gabriel 0. Reznik, Sandor Vajda, Takeshi Sano, and Charles R. Cantor
Topoisomerase II-mediated site-directed alkylation 13531-13536 of DNA by psorospermin and its use in mapping other topoisomerase II poison binding sites
Yan Kwok, Qingping Zeng, and Laurence H. Hurley
iv
This content downloaded from 62.122.78.35 on Mon, 5 May 2014 06:39:15 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
Contents
Capping and methylation of mRNA by purified 13537-13542 recombinant VP4 protein of bluetongue virus
N. Ramadevi, Nicholas J. Burroughs, Peter P. C. Mertens, Ian M. Jones, and Polly Roy
A transcriptional activating region with two 13543-13548 contrasting modes of protein interaction
Aseem Z. Ansari, Richard J. Reece, and Mark Ptashne
Chemical synthesis of the precursor molecule of the 13549-13554 Aequorea green fluorescent protein, subsequent folding, and development of fluorescence
Yuji Nishiuchi, Tatsuya Inui, IHideki Nishio, J6zsef B6di, Terutoshi Kimura, Frederick I. Tsuji, and Shumpei Sakakibara
MRG1, the product of a melanocyte-specific gene 13555-13560 related gene, is a cytokine-inducible transcription factor with transformation activity
Hui Bin Sun, Yuan Xiao Zhu, Tinggui Yin, George Sledge, and Yu-Chung Yang
A 55-kDa protein isolated from human cells shows 13561-13566 DNA glycosylase activity toward 3,N4-ethenocytosine and the G/T mismatch
B. Hang, M. Medina, H. Fraenkel-Conrat, and B. Singer
Roles of SecG in ATP- and SecA-dependent 13567-13572 protein translocation
Gen Matsumoto, Hiroyuki Mori, and Koreaki Ito
BIOPHYSICS
Dynamics of fluorescence fluctuations in green 13573-13578 fluorescent protein observed by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
Ulrich Haupts, Sudipta Maiti, Petra Schwille, and Watt W. Webb
Electrostatic interaction between helical 13579-13584 macromolecules in dense aggregates: An impetus for DNA poly- and meso-morphism
Alexei A. Kornyshev and Sergey Leikin
TROSY in triple-resonance experiments: New 13585-13590 perspectives for sequential NMR assignment of large proteins
Michael Salzmann, Konstaritin Pervushin, Gerhard Wider, Hans Senn, and Kurt Wuithrich
Limited internal friction in the rate-limiting step 13591-13596 of a two-state protein folding reaction
Kevin W. Plaxco and Davicd Baker
Large-scale protein structure modeling of the 13597-13602 Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome
Roberto Sanchez and Andrej Sali
Ab initio calculation of electronic coupling in the 13603-13605 photosynthetic reaction center
Linda Yu Zhang and Richard A. Friesner
Proton uptake controls electron transfer in 13606-13611 cytochrome c oxidase
Martin Karpefors, Pia Adelroth, Yuejun Zhen, Shelagh Ferguson-Miller, and Peter Brzezinski
CELL BIOLOGY
Impairing follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) 13612-13617 signaling in vivo: Targeted disruption of the FSH receptor leads to aberrant gametogenesis and hormonal imbalance
Andr6e Dierich, M. Ram Sairam, Lucia Monaco, Gian Maria Fimia, Anne Gansmuller, Marianne LeMeur, and Paolo Sassone-Corsi
Caspase-3 controls both cytoplasmic and nuclear 13618-13623 events associated with Fas-mediated apoptosis in vivo
Timothy S. Zheng, Stephan F. Schlosser, Tao Dao, Ravi Hingorani, I. Nicholas Crispe, James L. Boyer, and Richard A. Flavell
An HP1-like protein is missing from transcriptionally 13624-13629 silent micronuclei of Tetrahymena
Hui Huang, Emily A. Wiley, Craig R. Lending, and C. David Allis
Characterization of two patched receptors for the 13630-13634 vertebrate hedgehog protein family
David Carpenter, Donna M. Stone, Jennifer Brush, Anne Ryan, Mark Armanini, Gretchen Frantz, Arnon Rosenthal, and Frederic J. de Sauvage
A novel structure involved in the formation of liver 13635-13640 endothelial cell fenestrae revealed by using the actin inhibitor misakinolide
Filip Braet, Ilan Spector, Ronald De Zanger, and Eddie Wisse
Chloride is an allosteric effector of copper assembly 13641-13645 for the yeast multicopper oxidase Fet3p: An unexpected role for intracellular chloride channels
Sandra R. Davis-Kaplan, Candice C. Askwith, Andrea C. Bengtzen, Derek Radisky, and Jerry Kaplan
v-K-ras leads to preferential farnesylation of p21'as 13646-13651 in FRTL-5 cells: Multiple interference with the isoprenoid pathway
Chiara Laezza, Vincenzo Di Marzo, and Maurizio Bifulco
Myosin II localization during cytokinesis occurs by a 13652-13657 mechanism that does not require its motor domain
Ji-Hong Zang and James A. Spudich
Involvement of focal adhesion kinase in 13658-13663 invasin-mediated uptake
Michael A. Alrutz and Ralph R. Isberg
Oncogene-dependent apoptosis is mediated 13664-13669 by caspase-9
Howard 0. Fearnhead, Joe Rodriguez, Eve-Ellen Govek, Wenjun Guo, Ryuji Kobayashi, Greg Hannon, and Yuri A. Lazebnik
Graded transcriptional response to different 13670-13675 concentrations of a single transactivator
Andrew M. Kringstein, Fabio M. V. Rossi, Andreas Hofmann, and Helen M. Blau
ADP-ribosylation factor and phosphatidic acid levels 13676-13680 in Golgi membranes during budding of coatomer-coated vesicles
Mark Stamnes, Giampietro Schiavo, Gudrun Stenbeck, Thomas H. Sollner, and James E. Rothman
v
This content downloaded from 62.122.78.35 on Mon, 5 May 2014 06:39:15 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
Contents
Specific interaction of mutant p53 with regions of 13681-13686 matrix attachment region DNA elements (MARs) with a high potential for base-unpairing
Katrin Will, Gabriele Warnecke, Lisa Wiesmuiller, and Wolfgang Deppert
Retinoic acid alters the intracellular trafficking 13687-13691 of the mannose-6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor II receptor and lysosomal enzymes
Jing X. Kang, Jennifer Bell, Alexander Leaf, Richard L. Beard, and Roshantha A. S. Chandraratna
Genetic instability of cancer cells is proportional to 13692-13697 their degree of aneuploidy
Peter Duesberg, Charlotte Rausch, David Rasnick, and Ruediger Hehlmann
Termination of signaling by protease-activated 13698-13702 receptor-i is linked to lysosomal sorting
JoAnn Trejo, Stephen R. Hammes, and Shaun R. Coughlin
Transgenic Drosophila expressing human amyloid 13703-13708 precursor protein show y-secretase activity and a blistered-wing phenotype
Anke Fossgreen, Bodo Bruckner, Christian Czech, Colin L. Masters, Konrad Beyreuther, and Renato Paro
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
RNA helicase A is essential for normal gastrulation 13709-13713 Chee-Gun Lee, Vera da Costa Soares, Carol Newberger, Katia Manova, Elizabeth Lacy, and Jerard Hurwitz
AP-2-null cells disrupt morphogenesis of the eye, 13714-13719 face, and limbs in chimeric mice
Timothy Nottoli, Stephanie Hagopian-Donaldson, Jian Zhang, Archibald Perkins, and Trevor Williams
Lune/eye gone, a Pax-like protein, uses a partial 13720-13725 paired domain and a homeodomain for DNA recognition
Susie Jun, Robert V. Wallen, Anne Goriely, Bill Kalionis, and Claude Desplan
Derivation of pluripotent stem cells from cultured 13726-13731 human primordial germ cells
Michael J. Shamblott, Joyce Axelman, Shunping Wang, Elizabeth M. Bugg, John W. Littlefield, Peter J. Donovan, Paul D. Blumenthal, George R. Huggins, and John D. Gearhart
EVOLUTION
Polyandrous females discriminate against 13732-13736 previous mates
Jeanne A. Zeh, Scott D. Newcomer, and David W. Zeh
Dispersal of first "workers" in social wasps: Causes 13737-13742 and implications of an alternative reproductive strategy
H. Kern Reeve, John M. Peters, Peter Nonacs, and Philip T. Starks
Chemical phenotype matching between a plant 13743-13748 and its insect herbivore
May R. Berenbaum and Arthur R. Zangerl
Origins and antiquity of X-linked triallelic color 13749-13754 vision systems in New World monkeys
Stephane Boissinot, Ying Tan, Song-Kun Shyue, Horacio Schneider, Iracilda Sampaio, Katherine Neiswanger, David Hewett-Emmett, and Wen-Hsiung Li
Working memory constrains human cooperation 13755-13758 in the Prisoner's Dilemma
Manfred Milinski and Claus Wedekind
GENETICS
Carcinogen-induced loss of heterozygosity at the 13759-13764 Aprt locus in somatic cells of the mouse
Susan W. P. Wijnhoven, Petra P. H. Van Sloun, Hanneke J. M. Kool, Geert Weeda, Rosalyn Slater, Paul H. M. Lohman, Albert A. van Zeeland, and Harry Vrieling
Inactivating mutations in an SH2 domain-encoding 13765-13770 gene in X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome
Kim E. Nichols, D. Paul Harkin, Seth Levitz, Michael Krainer, Kathryn Ann Kolquist, Cameo Genovese, Amy Bernard, Martin Ferguson, Lin Zuo, Eric Snyder, Alan J. Buckler, Carol Wise, Jennifer Ashley, Michael Lovett, Marcus B. Valentine, A. Thomas Look, William Gerald, David E. Housman, and Daniel A. Haber U See Commentary on page 13355
Ribosomes can slide over and beyond "hungry" 13771-13776 codons, resuming protein chain elongation many nucleotides downstream
Jonathan A. Gallant and Dale Lindsley
The AMPA receptor subunit GluR-B in its Q/R 13777-13782 site-unedited form is not essential for brain development and function
Kalev Kask, Daniel Zamanillo, Andrei Rozov, Nail Burnashev, Rolf Sprengel, and Peter H. Seeburg
The three yeast A kinases have specific signaling 13783-13787 functions in pseudohyphal growth
Laura S. Robertson and Gerald R. Fink
Reciprocal subtraction differential RNA display: An 13788-1 3793 efficient and rapid procedure for isolating differentially expressed gene sequences
Dong-chul Kang, Raphael LaFrance, Zao-zhong Su, and Paul B. Fisher
Characterization of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae 13794-13799 ERG26 gene encoding the C-3 sterol dehydrogenase (C-4 decarboxylase) involved in sterol biosynthesis
D. Gachotte, R. Barbuch, J. Gaylor, E. Nickel, and M. Bard
Rump white inversion in the mouse disrupts 13800-13805 dipeptidyl aminopeptidase-like protein 6 and causes dysregulation of Kit expression
R. Barry Hough, Andreas Lengeling, Vahe Bedian, Cecilia Lo, and Maja Bucan
vi
This content downloaded from 62.122.78.35 on Mon, 5 May 2014 06:39:15 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
Contents
IMMUNOLOGY
Inhibition of interferon y induced interleukin 12 13806-13811 production: A potential mechanism for the anti-inflammatory activities of tumor necrosis factor
Jennifer Hodge-Dufour, Michael W. Marino, Maureen R. Horton, Achim Jungbluth, Marie D. Burdick, Robert M. Strieter, Paul W. Noble, Christopher A. Hunter, and Ellen Pur6
Characteristics of virus-specific CD8+ T cells in the 13812-13817 liver during the control and resolution phases of influenza pneumonia
Gabrielle T. Belz, John D. Altman, and Peter C. Doherty
Mechanisms of 3 cell death in diabetes: A minor 13818-13822 role for CD95
Janette Allison and Andreas Strasser
T helper type 2 inflammatory disease in the absence 13823-13828 of interleukin 4 and transcription factor STAT6
Alexander L. Dent, Jane Hu-Li, William E. Paul, and Louis M. Staudt
MEDICAL SCIENCES
Mitochondrial stress protein recognition of 13413-13418 inactivated dehydrogenases during mammalian cell death
Sam A. Bruschi, J. Gordon Lindsay, and John W. Crabb
Impaired liver regeneration in inducible nitric oxide 13829-13834 synthase-deficient mice
Rudra M. Rai, Fung Yee J. Lee, Anthony Rosen, Shi Qi Yang, Hui Zhi Lin, Ayman Koteish, Foo Y. Liew, Carlos Zaragoza, Charles Lowenstein, and Anna Mae Diehl
Dissociation between bone resorption and bone 13835-13840 formation in osteopenic transgenic mice
David A. Corral, Michael Amling, Matthias Priemel, Evelyn Loyer, Sebastien Fuchs, Patricia Ducy, Roland Baron, and Gerard Karsenty * See Commentary on page 13361
Catalytically inactive lipoprotein lipase expression in 13841-13846 muscle of transgenic mice increases very low density lipoprotein uptake: Direct evidence that lipoprotein lipase bridging occurs in vivo
Martin Merkel, Yuko Kako, Herbert Radner, Irene S. Cho, Ravi Ramasamy, John D. Brunzell, Ira J. Goldberg, and Jan L. Breslow
Adeno-associated viral-mediated catalase expression 13847-13852 suppresses optic neuritis in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis
John Guy, Xiaoping Qi, and William W. Hauswirth
A model for spontaneous B-lineage lymphomas in 13853-13858 IgJH,t-HOXJ1l transgenic mice
Margaret R. Hough, Marciano D. Reis, Roshni Singaraja, Dawn Marie Bryce, Suzanne Kamel-Reid, Irving Dardick, Martin L. Breitman, and Ian D. Dube
NF-KB activation provides the potential link between 13859-13864 inflammation and hyperplasia in the arthritic joint
Alexei V. Miagkov, Dmitry V. Kovalenko, Chadwick E. Brown, John R. Didsbury, John P. Cogswell, Stephen A. Stimpson, Albert S. Baldwin, and Sergei S. Makarov
Peptide inhibitors of HIV-1 protease and viral 13865-13868 infection of peripheral blood lymphocytes based on HIV-1 Vif
Mary Jane Potash, Galina Bentsman, Tom Muir, Chavdar Krachmarov, Pavel Sova, and David J. Volsky
The BRCA2 gene product functionally interacts with 13869-13874 p53 and RAD51
Lihua Y. Marmorstein, Toru Ouchi, and Stuart A. Aaronson
Anti-CD14 mAb treatment provides therapeutic 13875-13880 benefit after in vivo exposure to endotoxin
Jan Schimke, John Mathison, Janice Morgiewicz, and Richard J. Ulevitch
Modeling the impact of global tuberculosis 13881-13886 control strategies
Christopher J. L. Murray and Joshua A. Salomon * See Commentary on page 13352
c-Myc target gene specificity is determined by a 13887-13892 post-DNA-binding mechanism
Kathryn E. Boyd, Julie Wells, Julie Gutman, Stephanie M. Bartley, and Peggy J. Farnham
Transient cardiac expression of constitutively active 13893-13898 Gaq leads to hypertrophy and dilated cardiomyopathy by calcineurin-dependent and independent pathways
U. Mende, A. Kagen, A. Cohen, J. Aramburu, F. J. Schoen, and E. J. Neer
MICROBIOLOGY
ExoY, an adenylate cyclase secreted by the 13899-13904 Pseudomonas aeruginosa type III system
Timothy L. Yahr, Amy J. Vallis, Michael K. Hancock, Joseph T. Barbieri, and Dara W. Frank
Hybrid Tyl/HIV-1 elements used to detect 13905-13910 inhibitors and monitor the activity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase
Dwight V. Nissley, Paul L. Boyer, David J. Garfinkel, Stephen H. Hughes, and Jeffrey N. Strathern
U94 of human herpesvirus 6 is expressed in latently 13911-13916 infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells and blocks viral gene expression in transformed lymphocytes in culture
Antonella Rotola, Tullia Ravaioli, Arianna Gonelli, Stephen Dewhurst, Enzo Cassai, and Dario Di Luca
Vaccinia locomotion in host cells: Evidence for the 13917-13922 universal involvement of actin-based motility sequences ABM-1 and ABM-2
William L. Zeile, Richard C. Condit, Jackie I. Lewis, Daniel L. Purich, and Frederick S. Southwick
vii
This content downloaded from 62.122.78.35 on Mon, 5 May 2014 06:39:15 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
Contents
A family of phase-variable restriction enzymes with 13923-13928 differing specificities generated by high-frequency gene rearrangements
Kevin Dybvig, Ramakrishnan Sitaraman, and C. Todd French
NEUROBIOLOGY
Leading role of thalamic over cortical neurons 13929-13934 during postinhibitory rebound excitation
F. Grenier, I. Timofeev, and M. Steriade
Functional redundancy of acetylcholinesterase and 13935-13940 neuroligin in mammalian neuritogenesis
Mirta Grifman, Nilly Galyam, Shlomo Seidman, and Hermona Soreq
Estrogen alters behavior and forebrain c-fos 13941-13946 expression in ovariectomized rats subjected to the forced swim test
Ilya M. Rachman, James R. Unnerstall, Donald W. Pfaff, and Rochelle S. Cohen
PHARMACOLOGY
Interaction of batrachotoxin with the local anesthetic 13947-1.3952 receptor site in transmembrane segment IVS6 of the voltage-gated sodium channel
Nancy J. Linford, Angela R. Cantrell, Yusheng Qu, Todd Scheuer, and William A. Catterall
PHYSIOLOGY
KAFP channel inhibition by ATP requires distinct 13953-13958 functional domains of the cytoplasmic C terminus of the pore-forming subunit
Peter Drain, Lehong Li, and Jing Wang
PLANT BIOLOGY
Virus resistance and gene silencing in plants can be 13959-13964 induced by simultaneous expression of sense and antisense RNA
Peter M. Waterhouse, Michael W. Graham, and Ming-Bo Wang * See Commentary on page 13349
A Pll-like protein in Arabidopsis: Putative role in 13965-13970 nitrogen sensing
Ming-Hsiun Hsieh, Hon-Ming Lam, Frank J. van de Loo, and Gloria Coruzzi
Concerted biosynthesis of an insect elicitor of 13971-13975 plant volatiles
P. W. Par6, H. T. Alborn, and J. H. Tumlinson
Eukaryotic phytochromes: Light-regulated 13976-13981 serine/threonine protein kinases with histidine kinase ancestry
Kuo-Chen Yeh and J. Clark Lagarias * See Commentary on page 13358
PSYCHOLOGY
Movement analysis in infancy may be useful for 13982-13987 early diagnosis of autism
Philip Teitelbaum, Osnat Teitelbaum, Jennifer Nye, Joshua Fryman, and Ralph G. Maurer
Perceptual learning reflects external noise 13988-13993 filtering and internal noise reduction through channel reweighting
Barbara Anne Dosher and Zhong-Lin Lu
Social Sciences
ANTHROPOLOGY
The origin of the Na-Dene 13994-13996 Merritt Ruhlen
CORRECTIONS
GENETICS The reductive enzyme thioredoxin 1 acts as an 13997 oxidant when it is exported to the Esche-ichia coli periplasm
Laurent Debarbieux and Jon Beckwith
PLANT BIOLOGY Sucrose is a signal molecule in assimilate partitioning 13997
Tzyy-Jen Chiou and Daniel R. Bush
AUTHOR INDEX xi-xiii
INFORMATION FOR AUTHORS xiv-xvi
SIZING WORKSHEET xvii
DOCUMENTATION REPORT xviii
COPYRIGHT ASSIGNMENT FORM xix
CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENTS xx-xxi
Cover photograph: Watt with flywheel and gears recalling the invention of the condensing steam engine: Panel from the bronze doors at the National Academy of Sciences.
viii
This content downloaded from 62.122.78.35 on Mon, 5 May 2014 06:39:15 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
Experts Providing AnswersTw-0:i:-; .M We've been investigating issues and advising the nation for more than a
century on key questions of science, technology, and public health.
From vaccines for life-threatening diseases to improvements in automotive
safety, science provides solutions for many of today's perplexing problems.
Now there's a place where you can find our authoritative analyses, free of charge
on the web.
www.nas.edu
Mrch1 j-- EPA should redirect some resec a Ten papers from 'Re maintain en I Mnitegad study program to ensure that on Sputnik,' a sym
About ~~~its standards for ai rborne particle pollution address examining thei hitr the most serious risks particles pose to public future of educatio health, says a naw report from the National noaraviblon
A ~1II Reserch Council. The agnen should devote more the Reserch Council F funds to studying the type of particles mot II kelg for Science, Mathe Bohwkwal A ~ to be tarmful to human health, the ways the Engineering Educstio
particles cause damaep, sand the leves of exposure
I__ "
3JQI~~~Y [~Full Report) NovaRteport hlghil [Board on Envi ronffental Studies sand Toxicology) activities of the g
ElmIQIEIGI (More News) resrch; engeri
GareyondDbAwery l (News Archivel eironmfient and
Eveats nDiflinfA Wed& aay, Aprl 1,1900 Academy of Sciences
Toch~~~~~minti awanbrEd std rr to nsre ttonSuniz,"e mp _
Perinatal Tranmission of HIY (Washington, outstandir ng chiee Evolution gives us - i It may be the EarM D..) scioene. Nominations a fframewoc of 533 ultimate irony that
A Supply Chai n (Washington, ger's awards -v undertanding that Ntiono bilt on Resoorch Council.nThecludgshould more the h Counors for go .oonm the legacy of
ohanges through immigrtiaon finds time. It helps us to to consistently
a_. p~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ior1dible dcvnu domoge, ond thwls fexoue.__ _
_~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~O lifes alnd osee stocial RahCndt
4nd~~~~~~~~~~~js howoimlafth,nm efectgo_ -q;
&~ ~~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~mn specie of , 98onAedmyofuedn
This content downloaded from 62.122.78.35 on Mon, 5 May 2014 06:39:15 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
1999 Order Form
Visit PNAS Online at www.pnas.org.
For 1999 the print and the online editions are included in one price!
ANNUAL PRINT AND ONLINE SUBSCRIPTION RATES (Calendar Year 1999)
USA Online Only Print Plus Online
Institutional n/a Ci1 $800 Individual" LiC $100 Ci1 $165 Student/Postdoctoral* C1i $ 20 C1i $110
ELSEWHERE Online Only Print Plus Online
Institutional n/a C1 $995 (includes expedited delivery) Individual* C1i $100 C1i $290 Student/Postdoctoral' C1i $ 20 C1i $235
Expedited Delivery Rates for print are included in the institutional foreign prices. The individual foreign expedited rate is $300. The U.S. first class rate is $160.
-Individual, Student, and Postdoctoral subscriptions are for personal use and are not to be used in a library. To qualify for these rates, you must pay by personal check, money order, or credit card, and state that your subscription is for personal use only. To qualify for the Student or Postdoctoral rate, your order must also be accompanied by a letter from your advisor or supervisor, on institutional letterhead, stating that you are enrolled in a program of study leading to a degree or that you are within four years of receiving a doctorate.
Tax information: Canadian subscribers add 7% GST (Registration Number R-133130880). DC and Florida subscribers add appropriate sales tax: in DC add 5.75% sales tax, in Florida add 6% sales tax and local surtax, if you are in a taxing county. Tax exempt institutions must include a copy of the tax exemption certificate with orders. Subscriptions paid at the individual rate are taxable.
Subscribers in Japan: Please send all orders to our exclusive agent, USACO Corporation, 13-12, Shimbashi, 1-Chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105 Japan.
Subscription Type: C1 New Subscription C1 Renewal
Amount Remitted (Required) Subscription Price $- Expedited Delivery (optional) $- Sales Tax (if applicable) $- TOTAL $-
C1 Check or money order enclosed payable to the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Foreign remittance must be by draft on a U.S. Bank in U.S. dollars or by International Money Order.
Cl Charge to: O MasterCard C1 VISA El American Express Expiration Date
Card Number
Cardholder Name Authorized Signature
Shipping Information (please print or type):
Name Phone/Fax
Address E-mail
Send All Orders and Correspondence to: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
PG Box 5030 Brentwood, TN 37024 USA
If you have any questions, you may call 877-314-2253 or 615-377-3322, fax 615-377-0525, or e-mail [email protected].
This content downloaded from 62.122.78.35 on Mon, 5 May 2014 06:39:15 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions