Front Matter

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PIHILOSOP ICAL

TRANSACTIONS

OF THE

RLOYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.

SER IES B

CONTAINING PAPERS OF A BIOLOGICAL CHARACTER.

VOL. 1 90.

LON 10 ND :

PRINTED BY HARRISON AND SONS, ST. MARTIN'S LANE, W,C,

1898



CONTENTS.

(B)

VOL. 190.

Advertisement.. . . . . . . . . . . page vii

List of Tn stitutiolns entitled to receive tlhe Philosophical Transactions or Proceediri, s of the Royal

Society. ix

Adjudication of Medals for the year 1898 .xvii

1. An Experimental Research uIpon Cerebro-Cortical Afferent arid Efferent Tracts. BY DAVID FERRIER., M.D., F.R.S., Professor of, Neuropathology, Kng's College, and WILLIAM ALDREN TURNER, M.D., IF.R.C.P., Demzonstrtator of

Neuropathology, King's College. (From thte Neuropathological Laboratory, Kin?g's College, London). page 1

II. Experiments in Examnziation of the PerQipheral Distribution of the FIibr-es of the Posterio? Roots of some Spinal Nerves.-Part II. By CHARLES S. SIHER-

RINGTON, M.A., ]I/D., F.R.S., Professor qf Physiology at University College, Liverpool . 45

III, On Apogamy and the Development. of Sporangia upon Fern Prothalli. By

WILLIAM HI. LANG, M.B., B.Sc., lecturer in Botany, Queen Margaret College, and Clarlc Scholar6?, Glasgow University. Comnmunicatecd by Professor F. 0. PO0WER, ScAD., F.R.S. .187

IV. Thze Ph;armacology of Aco' it ne, Diaccetyl-Aconitine, Berizacconzine, anrd Aconine, considered in reltion to their Chemicat Constitution. B y J. THEODORE CASHI,

- M.D. .R.S nd WYNDHAM I. DI NSTAN M.A., F.I.S. . . . . . 239 ax2



1- iv ]

V. 0n thle Cytological Features qf Fertilization and Related Phenomena in Pinius silvestris, L. By VERNON FTi. BLACKMAN, B. A., F.L LS., Hutchinson Student, 9St. Joh n 's College, Cambridgle, and A ssistant, Department qf Botany, British Museum. Communicated by FTRANCIS DARWIN, F.R.S. page 395

VI. On the Nature of the Coccospheres and Rhcabdosjheres. By GEORGE MURRAY,

F. R.S., Keeper of Botany, British Museum, and VERNON 1. BLACKMAN,

B.A., F.L.S., Hutchtinson Student, St. John's College, Canbridge, cand Assis- tant, DepartIment of Botany, British Museum .427

VII. Upon the Structure and Development of the Enamel of Elasmobranch Fishes. By CHARLES S. TOMES, M.A., F.R.S. 443

VIII. The Relations between the Hybrid and Parent Forms of Echinoid Larvze. By HE. M. VERNON, M.A., M.B., Radoliffe Travelling Fellow of the University of Oxfrord. Communicated by Professor RAY LANKESTER, F.R.S. . . . 465

IX. Observations on Stomata. By FRANCIS DARWIN, F.R.S. 531

X. Cofltrib?ttions to our Knowledge of the Fucacece: their Life-History and Cytology. By J. BRETLAND FARMER, AlA., and J. LL. WILLIAMS. Communicated by D. H. SCOTT, MA., Ph.D., F.R.S., Hon. Keeper of the Jodcrell Laboratory, Royal Gardens, Kew .623

Injdex to Volume ..645



L v ]

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

Plates 1 and 2.-Professor D. FERRIER anld Dr. W. A. TURNER On Cerebro Cortical Afferent and Efferent Tracts.

Plates 3 to 6.-Professor C. S. SHERRINGTON on the Peripheral Distribution of the Fibres of the Posterior Roots of some Spinal Nerves.-Part. II.

'Plates 7 to 11.-Mr. W. H. LANG 1on Apogamy and the Development of Sporalngia uipon Fern Prothalli.

Plates 12 to 14.-Mr. V. H. BLACKMAN on the Cytological Features of Fertilization and Related Phenomena in Pinus silvestris, L.

Plates 15 and 16.-Messrs. G. MURRAY and V. H. BLACKMAN on the Nature of the Coccospheres anid Rhabdospheres.

Plates 17 and 18.-Mr. C. S. TOMfES on the Structure and Developlmient of the Enamel of Elasmobranch Fishes.

Plates 19 to 24.-Messrs. J. B. FARMER and J. LL. WILLIAMS on the Fucacevn: their Life-History and Cytology.



F vii ]

ARDVE RTI SE ME NT

THE Committee appointed by the Royal Society to direct the publicatioln of the

Philosophical Triansactions take this opportunity to acquaint the public that it; ful-ly

appears, as well from the Council-books and Journals of the Society as from repeated

declarations which have been made in several former Transactions, that the printing of

theni was always, from time to time, the single act of the respective Secretaries till

the Forty-seventh Volume; the Society, as a Body, never interesting themselves any

fuirther in their publication than by occasionally recommending the revival of them to

some of their Secretaries, when, from the particular circumstances of their affairs, the Transactions had happened for any length of time to be iintermitted. And this seems

principally to have been done with a view to satisfy the public that their usual

meetings were then continued, for the improvement of knowledge and benefit of

mankind: the great ends of their first institution by the Rtoyal Charters, and which

they have ever since steadily pursued.

But the Society being of late*years greatly enlacrged, and their communications more

niumerous, it was thought advisable that a Commlittee of their members should be

appointed to reconsider the papers read before them, and select out of them such as

they shouild judge most proper for publication in the friture Transactions; which was

accordingly done upon the 26th of March, 1752. And the grounds of their choice are,

and will continue to be, the importance and singularity of tlle subjects, or the

advantageous manlner of treating them; without pretending to atnswei for the

certainty of the facts, or propriety of the reasoiiings contained in the several papers

so published, which must still rest OD the credit or judgment of their respective

authors.

It is likewise necessary oni this occasioIn to remark, that it is ani established rule of

the Society, to whicb they will always adhere, never to give their opinion, as a Body,



[ viii

upon any subject, either of Nature or Art, that comes before them. And therefore the

thanks, wlhich are frequently proposed from the Chair, to be given to the authors of

such papers as are read at their accustomed meetings, or to the persons through whose

hands tlhey received them, are to be considered in no other light than as a matter of

civility, in return for the respect shown to the Society by those communlications. The

like also is to be said with regard to the several projects, inventions, and curiosities of

various kinds, which are often exhibited to the Society; the authors whereof, or those

who exhibit them, frequently take the liberty to report, and even to certify in the

public newspapers, that they have met with the highest applause and approbation.

And therefore it is hoped that no regard will hereafter be paid to such reports and

public notices; which in some instances have been too lightly credited, to tlhe

dishonour of the Society.



1898.

LIST OF INSTITUTIONS ENTITLED TO RECETIVE THE PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACT IONS OR

PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY.

Institutions marked A are entitled to receive Philosophical Transactions, Series A, and Proceedings.

, , S ,) ,, ,, Series B, anid Proceedings. AB ,, . , , ,, Series A and B, and Proceedingg.

p ,, ,, Proceedings only.

America (Central). Mexico.

p. Sociedad Cientifica "Antonio Alzate." America (North). (See UNITED STATES and CANADA.)

America (South). Buenios Ayres.

AB. Museo Nacional. Caracas.

B. University Library. Cordova.

AB. Academia Nacional de Ciencias. Demerara.

p. Royal Agricultural and Conmmercial Society, British Guiana.

La Plata. B. Museo de La Plata.

Rio de Janeiro. p. Observatorio.

Australia. Adelaide.

p. Royal Society of South Australia. Brisbane.

p. Royal Society of Queensland. Melbourne.

p. Observatory. P. Royal Society of Victoria. AB. University Library.

-Sydney. p. Australian Museum. p. Geological Survey. p. Linnean Society of New South Wales. AB. Royal Society of New South Wales. AB. University Libr'ary.

Austria. Agram.

p. Jugoslavenska Akademija Znanosti i Um. jetnosti.

p. Societas Historico-Naturalis Croatica. VOL. CXC.-B. b

Austria (continued).

Brunn. AB. Naturforschender Verein.

Gratz. AB. Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein fiur Steier-

mark.

Innsbruck. AB. Das Ferdinandeum. p. Naturwissenschaftihli - MI:edicinischer

Verein. Prague.

AB. Konigliche B6hmische Gesellsehaft der Wissenschaften.

Trieste. B. Museo di Storia Naturale. p. Societa Adriatica di Scienze Naturali.

Vienna. p. Anthropologische Gesellschaft. AB. Kaiserliche Akademie der Wissenselhaftent. p. K.K. Geographische Gesellschaft. AB. K.K. Geologische Reichsanstalt. B, K.K. Naturhistorisches Hof-Museum. B. K.K. Zoologisch-Botanische Gesellsehaft. p Oesterreichische Gesellsehaft fur MIeteoro-

logie. A. Von Kuff-ner'sche Sternwarte.

Belgium. Brussels.

B. Acade6mie Royale de Medeciiie, AB. Academie Royale des Sciences. B. Musee Royal d'Histoire Natarelle do

Belaique. p. Observatoire Royal. p. Societe Belge de Geologie, de Paleonto-

logie, et d'Hydrologie. p. Societe6 Malacologique de Belgique.

Ghent. AB. University.



x ]

Belgium (continued). Lie6ge,

AB. Societe des Sciences. p. Societe Geologique de Belgique.

Louvain. B. Laboratoire de Microscopie et de Biologie

Cellulaire, AB. Universite.

Canada. Hamilton.

p. Hamilton Association. Montreal.

AB. McGill University. p. Natural History Society.

Ottawa. AB. Geological Survey of Canada. AB. Royal Society of Canada.

Toronto. p. Astronomical and Physical Society. p. Canadian Institute. AB. University.

Cape of Good Hope. A. Observatory. AB. South African Library.

Ceylon. Colombo.

a. Museum. China.

Shanghai. p. China Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society.

Denmark. Copenhagen.

AB. Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab.

Egypt. Alexalndria.

AB. Bibliotheque Municipale.

England and Wales. Aberystwith.

AB. University College. Bangor.

AB. University College of North Wales. Birmingham.

AB. Free Central Library. AB. Mason College. p. Philosophical Society.

Bolton. p. Public Library.

Bristol. p. Merchant Venturers' School. AB. University College.

Cambridge. AB. Philosophical Society. p. Union Society.

England and Wales (continued). Cooper-'s Hill.

AB. Royal Indian Engineering College.

Dudley. p. Dudley and Midland Geological and

Scientific Society. Essex.

p. Essex Field Club. Falmouth.

p. Royal Cornwall Polytechnic Society.

Greenwich. A. Royal Observatory.

Kew. B. Royal Gardens.

Leeds. p. Philosophical Society. AB. Yorkshire College.

Liverpool. AB. Free Public Library. p. Literary and Philosophical Society. A. Observatory. AB. University College.

London. AB. Admiralty. p. Anthropological Institute. AB. British Museum (Nat. Hist.). AB. Chemical Society. A. City and Guilds of London Institute. p. " Electrician," Editor of the. B. Eintomological Society. AB. Geological Society. AB. Geological Survey of Great Britain. p. Geologists' Association. AB. Guildhall Library. A. Institution of Civil Engineers. p. Institution of Electrical Engineers. A. Institution of Mechanical Enginieers. A. Institution of Naval Architects, p. Iron and Steel Institute. AB. King's College. B. Linnean Society. AB. London Institution. p. London Library. A. Mathematical Society. p. Meteorological Office. p. Odontological Society. p. Pharmaceutical Society. p. Physical Society. p. Quekett Microscopical Club. p. Royal Agricultural Society. A. Royal Astronomical Society. B. Royal College of Physicianis. 13. Royal College of Surgeonis.



r xi ] England and Wales (continued).

London (continued). p. Royal Enigiineers (for Libraries abroad., six

copies). AB. Royal Engineers. Head Quarters Library. p. Royal Geographical Society. p. Royal Horticultural Society. p. Royal Institute of British Architects. AB. Royal Institution of Great Britain. B. Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society. p. Royal Meteorological Society. p. Royal Microscopical Society. p. Royal Statistical Society. AB. Royal United Service Institution. AB. Society of Arts. p. Society of Biblical Archoeology. p. Society of Chemical Industr-y (London

Section). p. Standard Weights and Measures Depart-

ment. AB. The Queen's Library, AB. The War Office. AB. University College. p. Victoria Institute. B. Zoological Society.

M anchester. AB. Free Library. AB. Literary and Philosophical Society. p. Geological Society. AB. Owens College.

Netley. p. Royal Victoria Hospital.

Newcastle. AB. Free Library. p. North of England Institute of Mining and

Mechanical Engineers. p. Society of Chemical Industry (Newcastle

Section). Norwich.

p. Norfolk and Norwich Literary Institution.

Nottingham. AB. Free Public Library.

Oxford. p. Ashmolean Society. AB. Radcliffe Library. A. Radcliffe Observatory.

Penzance. p. Geological Society of Cornwall.

Plymouth. B. Marine Biological Association, p. Plymouth Institution.

Richmond. A. "Kew" Observatory.

England and Wales (continaed). Salford.

p. Royal Museum and Library. Stonyhurst.

p. The College. Swansea.

AB. Royal Institutior, Woolwich.

AB. Royal Artillery Library. Finland.

Helsingfors. p. Societas pro Fauna et Flora Fenniica. AB. Societe des Sciences.

France. Bordeaux.

p2. Academie des Sciences. p. Faculte des Sciences. p. Societe de Medecine et de Chirurgie.

. Societe des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles.

Caen. p Societe6 Linneenne de Normandie.

Cherbourg. p. Societe des Sciences Naturelles.

Dijon. p. Academie des Sciences.

Lille. p. Faculte des Sciences.

Lyons. AB. Academie des Sciences, Belles-Lettres etArts. AB. Universite.

Marseilles. AB. Facult, des Sciences.

Montpellier. AB. Academie des Sciences et Lettres. B. Faculte de Medecine.

Nantes. p. Societe des Sciences Naturelles de lfOuest

de la France. Paris.

AB. Academie des Sciences de l'Institut. p. Association Franuaise pour l'Avancement

des Sciences. p. Bureau des Longitudes. A. Bureau International des Poids et Mes-ares. p. Commission des Annales des Ponts et

Chaussees. p. Conservatoire des Arts et Metiers. p. Cosmos (M. L'ABBE VAALETTE). AB. Depot de la Marine. AB. Ecole des MiNies. AB. Iecole Normale Superieure. AB. Ecole Polytechnique. AB. Faculte des Sciences de la Sorbonne. AB. Jardin des Plantes.

b 2



r xii

France (continued). Paris (continued).

p. L':2lectricien. A. L'Observatoire. p. Revue Scientifique (Mons. H. DE VARIGNY).

p. Societe de Biologie. AB. Societ6 d'Encouragement pour l'Jndustrie

Nationale. AB. Societ6 de Geographie. p. Societe de Physique. B. Societ6 Entomologique. AB. Societe Geologique. p. Societ6 Mathematique. p. Societe Meteorologique de France.

Toulouse. AB. Academie des Sciences. A. Faculte des Sciences.

Germany. Berlin.

A. Deutsche Chemische Gesellsehaft. A. Die Sternwarte. p. Gesellsehaft fur Erdkunde. AB. K6nigliche Preussische Akademie der

Wissenschaften. A. Physikalisehe Gesellschaft.

Bonn. AB. Universitit.

Bremen. p. Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein.

Bres]au. p. Schlesische Gesellschaft fur Vaterlandische

Klultur. Brunswick.

P. Verein fur Naturwissensohaft. Carlsruhe. See Karlsruhe. Charlottenburg.

A. Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt. Danzig.

AB. Naturforschende Gesellschaft. Dresden.

p. Verein fur Erdkunde. Emden.

p. Naturforschende Gesellschaft. Erlangen.

AB. Physikalisch-Medicinische Societat. Frankfurt-am-Main.

AB. Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesell- schaft.

p. Zoologische Gesellsehaft. Frailckfurt-am-Oder.

p. Naturwissenschaftiicher Vereiin. Freiburg-im-Breisgau.

AB. 'Universitat. Giessen.

AB. Grossherzogliche Universitht.

Germany (continued). Gorlitz.

p. Naturforschende Gesellseliaft.

GUttingen. AB. K5nigliche Gesellsehaft dei WVissenschaf ten.

Halle. AB. Kaiserliche ILeopoldino - Carolinische

Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher. p. Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein fur Sach-

sen und Thtiringen. Hamburg.

p. Naturhistorisches Museum. AB. Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein.

Heidelberg. p. Naturhistorisch-Medizinischer Verein. AB. Uiniversitit.

Jena. AB. Medicinisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Gesell-

schaft. Karlsruhe.

A. Grossherzogliche Sternwarte. p. Technische Hochschule.

Kiel. p. Naturwissenschaftlicher Vereiii fir

Schles'wig-Holstein. A. Sternwarte. AB. Universituit.

Kuinigsberg. AB. Kdnigliche Physikalisch - Okonomisebce

Gesellschaft. Leipsic.

p. Annalen der Physik und Chemie. AB. K6nigliche Siichsische Gesellschaft der

Wissenschaften. Magdeburg.

p. Naturwissensehaftlicher Verein.

Marburg. AB. Universitit.

Mu-nich. AB. K'nigliche Bayerisehe Akademie der

Wissenschaften. p. Zeitschrift fur Biologie.

Mlunster. AB. Konigliche Theologisehe urnd Pliilo-

sophische Akademie. Potsdam.

A. Astrophysikalisches Observatorium. Rostock.

AB. Universitat. Strasburg.

AB. Universitit. Tiibingen.

AB. Universitat.



[ xiii ]

Germany (continued). WUrzburg.

AB. Physikalisch-Medicinische Gesellschaft. Greece.

Athenis. A. National Observatory.

Holland. (See NETHERLANDS.)

Hungary. Buda-pest.

p. Konigl. Ungarische Geologisehe Anstalt. AB. Magyar Tudos ,rsasag. Die Ungarische

Akademie der Wissenschaften. Hermannstadt.

p. Siebenbiirgischer Verein fur die Natur- wissenschaften.

Klausenburg. AB. Az Erdelyi Mluzeum. Das Siebenbiirgische

Museum. Schemnitz.

p. K. Ungarische Berg- und Forst-Akademie. India.

Bombay. AB. Elphinstone College. p. Royal Asiatic Society (Bombay Branch).

Calcutta. AB. Asiatic Society of Bengal. AB. Geological Museum. p. Great Trigonometrical Survey of India. AB. Indian Museum. p. The Meteorological Reporter to the

Government of India. Madras.

B. Central Museum. A. Observatory.

Roorkee. p. Roorkee College.

Ireland. Armagh.

A. Observatory. Belfast.

AB. Queen's College. Cork.

p. Philosophical Society. AB. Queen's College.

Dublin. A. Observatory. AB. National Library of Ireland. B. Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland. AB. Royal Dublin Society. AB. Royal Irish Academy.

Galway. AB. Queen's College.

Italy. Acireale.

p. Accademia di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti.

Bologna. AB. Accademia delle Scienze dell' Istitnto.

Catania. AB. Accademia Gioenia di Scienze Naturali.

Florence. p. Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale. AB. Museo Botanico. p. Reale Istituto di Studi Superiori.

Genoa. p. Societha Ligustica di Scienze Naturalijo

Geografiche. Milan.

AB. Reale Istituto Lombardo di Scieiize, ILettere ed Arti.

AB. Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali.

Modena. p. Le Stazioni Sperimentali Agrarie Italiane.

Naples. p. Societa di Naturalisti. AB. Societa Reale, Aceademia delle Scienze. B. Stazione Zoologica (Dr. DOHRN).

Padua. p. University.

Palermo. A. Circolo Matematico. AB. Consiglio di Perfezionamento (Societ'a di

Scienze Naturali ed Econoimiche). A. Reale Osservatorio.

Pisa. p. Il Nuovo Cimento. p. Societa Toscana di Scienze Naturali.

Rome. p. Accademia Pontificia de' Nuovi Lincei. p. - Rassegna delle Scienze Geologiche in Italia. A. Reale Ufficio Centrale di Meteorologia, e di

Geodinamica, Collegio Romano. AB. Reale Accademia dei Lincei. p. R. Comitato Geologico d' Italia. A. Specola Vaticana. AB. Societa Italiana delle Scienze.

Siena. p. Reale Accademia dei Fisiocritici.

Turin. p. Laboratorio di Fisiologia. AB. Reale Accademia delle Scienze.

Venice. p. Ateneo Veineto, AB, Reale Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere

ed Arti.



[ xiv 1

Japan. TrokiO.

AB. Imperial University. p. Asiatic Society of Japan.

Java. Buitenzorg.

p. Jardin Botaniciue.

Luxembourg. Luxembourg.

p). Societ6' des Sciences Naturelles.

Malta. p. Public Library.

Mauritius. p. Royal Society of Arts and Sciences.

Netherlands. Amsterdam.

AB. Koninklijke Akademie van Wetensebappen. p. K. Zoologisch Geitootschap 'Natura Artis

Magistra.' Delft.

p. i&cole Polytechnique. Haarlem.

AB. Hollandsche Maatschappij der Weten-

schappen.

p. Musee Teyler. Leyden.

AB. University. Rotterdam.

AB. Bataafsch Geniootschap der Proefonder- vindelijke Wijsbegeerte.

Utrecht. AB. Provinciaal Genootschap van Kunsten en

Weteinschappen.

New Brunswick. St. John.

p. Natural History Society.

New Zealand. Wellington,

AB. New Zealand lnsti.tute. Norway.

Bergen. AB. Bergenske Museum.

Christiania. AB. Kongelige Norske Frederiks Universitet.

Tromsoe. p. Museum.

Trondhjem. AB. Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab.

Nova Scotia. Halifax.

p. Nova Scotia-n Institiite of Science. Windsor.

p. King's College Library,

Portugal. Coimbra.

AB. Universidade. Lisbon.

AB. Academia Real das Sciencias. p. Sec9ao dosTrabalhos Geologicos dePortugal.

Oporto. p. Annaes de Sciencias Naturaes.

Russia. Dorpat.

AB. Universite. Irkutsk.

p. Societe Imperiale Russe de Geograpbie (Section de la Siberie Orientale).

Kazan. A.B. Imperatorsky Kazansky Universitet. p. Societe Physico-Mfathe6matique.

Kharkoff. p. Section Me6dicale de la Societe des Sciences

Experimentales, Uniiversite de Kharkow. Kieff.

p. Societe des Natturalistes. Moscow.

AB. Le Musee Public. B. Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes.

Odessa. p. Societe des Naturalistes de la Nouvelle-

Russie. Pulkowa.

A. Nikolai Haupt-Sternwarte. St. Petersburg.

AB. Academie Imperiale des Sciences. B. Archives des Scieinces Biologiques. AB. Comite Geologique. p. Coinpass Observatory.. A. Observatoire Physique Central.

Scotland. Aberdeen.

AB. Uniiversity. Edinburgh.

p. Geological Society. p. Royal College of Physicians (Research

Laboratory). p. Royal Medical Society. A. Royal Observatory. p. Royal Physical Society. p. Royal Scottish Society of Arts AB Royal Society.

Glasgow. AB. Mitchell Free Library. p. Natural History Society. p. Philosophical Society.

Servia. Belgrade.

p. Academle Royale de Serbie.



I xv '

Sicily. (See ITALY.)

Spain. Cadiz.

A. Instituto y Observatorio de Marina de San Fernando.

Madrid. p. Coinision del Mapa Geologico de Espana. AB. Real Academia de Ciencias.

Sweden. Gottenburg.

AB. Kong]. Vetenskaps och Vitterhet-s Sailhille. Lnnd.

AB. Universitet. Stockholm.

A. Acta Mathematica. AB. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademie. AB. Sveriges Geologiska Unlders6kning.

Upsala. AB. Universitet.

Switzerland. Basel.

p. Naturforschende Gesellschaft. Bern.

AB. Allg. Schweizerische Gesellschaft. p. Naturforschende Gesellschaft.

Geneva. AB. Socie6te de Physique et d'Histoire Naturelle. AB. Institut National Genevois.

Lausanne. p. Societe Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles.

Neuchhtel. p. Societe des Sciences Naturelles.

Zurich. AB. Das Schweizerische Polytechnikum. p. Naturforschende Gesellschaft. p. Sternwarte.

Tasmania. Hobart.

p. Royal Society of Tasmania. United States.

Albany. AB. New York State Library.

Annapolis. AB. Naval Academy.

Austin. p. Texas Academy of Sciences.

Baltimore. AB. Johns Hopkins University.

Berkeley. p. University of California.

United States (continued). Boston.

AB. American Academy of Scienlces. B. Boston Society of Natural History. A. Technological Institute.

Brooklyn. AB. Brooklyn Library.

Cambridge. AB. Harvard University. B. Museum of Comparative Zoology.

Chapel Hill (N.C.). p. Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society.

Charleston. p. Elliott Society of Science and Art of South

Carolina. Chicago.

AB. Academy of Sciences. p. Field Columbian Museum. p. Journal of Comparative Neurology.

Davenport (Iowa.). p. Academy of Natural Sciences.

Ithaca (N.Y.). p. Physical Review (Cornell University).

Madison. p. Wisconsin Academy of Sciences.

Mount Hamilton (California). A. Lick Observatory.

New Haven (Conn.). AB. American Journal of Science. AB. Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciencees.

New York. p. American Geographical Society. p. American Mathematical Society. p. American Museum of Natural History. p. New York Academy of Sciences. p. New York Medical Journal. p. School of Mines, Columbia College.

Philadelphia. AB. Academy of Natural Sciences. AB. American Philosophical Society. p. Franklin Institute. p. Wagner Free Institute of Science.

Rochester (N.Y.). p. Academy of Science.

St. Louis. p. Academy of Science.

Salem (Mass.). p. American Associationi for the Advance-

ment of Science. AB. EsseX Institute.

San Francisco. AB. California Academy of Sciences.



f xv

United States (continued). Washington.

AB. Patent Office. AB. Smithsonian Institutioln. AB. United States Coast Survey. B. United States Commission of Fish and

Fisheries. AB. Uniited States Geological Survey.

United States (continued). Washington (continued).

AB. United States Naval Observatory. p. United States Department of Agriculture. A. United States Department of Agriculture

(Weather Bureau). West Point (N.Y.)

AB. United States Military Academy.



[xvii l

ADJUDICATION of the MEDALS of the ROYAL SOCIETY for the year 1898, by the PRESIDENT and COUNCIL.

The COPLEY MEDAL to Sir WILLIAM HUGGTNS, F.R.S., for his Researches in Spectrum Analysis applied to the Heavenly Bodies.

The RUMFORD MEDAL to OLIVER JOSEPH LODGE, FR.S., for his Researches in Radiation and in the relations between Matter and Ether.

A ROYAL MEDAL to WALTER GARIDINER, F.R.S., for his Researches on the Protoplasmnic Connection of the Cells of Vegetable Tissues and on the Minute Histology of Plants.

A RoITAL MEDAL to thie Rev. JOHN KERR, F.R.S., for his Researches on the Optical Effect of Electrical Stress and on the Reflection of Light at the Surface of a Magnetized Body.

The DAVY iMEDAL to JOHANNES WISLICENUS, For.Mem.R.S., for his Contributions to Organic Clhemistry, especially in the Domain of Stereochemical Isomerism.

The DARWIN MEDAL to KARL PEARSON, F. R.S., for his work on the Quantitative

Treatmnent of Biological Problenms.

The Bakerian Lecture, c' Further Experinments on the Action Exerted by certain Metals and other Bodies on a Photographic Plate," was delivered by Dr. W. J. RUSSELL, F. R. S.

The Croonian Lecture, "The Nature and Significance of Functional Metabolism in the Plant (Da6s lWesen unci die Bedeutung des Betriebsstoffwechsels in der Pflanze)," was delivered by Professor WILHELM PFEFFERT For.Mem.R.S.

VOL. (2X0.-B. -



INDEX SLIP.

FERRIEER, David, and TURNER, William Aldren.- -An Experimental Research upon Cerebro-cortical Afferent and Efferent Tracts.

Phil. Trans., B, vol. 190, 1898, pp. 1-44.

TURNER, William Aldren, and FERRIER, David.-An Experimental Research upon Cerebro -cortical Afferent and Efferent Tracts.


Commissural Connections of Cortical Visual Centres. FERRIER, David, and TVRNEP., William Aldren.


Cortical Projection Systems, visual, auditory, cutaneous, sensory and other, corticipetal, frontal and prefrontal.

FERRIER, David, and TURNER. William Aldren. Phil. Trans., B, vol. 190, 1898, pp. 1-44.

Trigeminal, Glossopharyngeal, and Eighth Cranial Nerves, Central Connec- tion of,

FERRIER, David, and TUR:N?ER, William Aldren. Phil. Trans., B, Vol. 190, 1898, pp. 1-44.



INDEX SLITP.

SHERRINOTON, Charles S.-Experiments in Examination of the Peripheral Distribution of the Fibres of the Posterior Roots of some Spinal Nerves.-Part II.

Phil. Trans., B. 1898, vol. 190, pp. 4;5-186.

Brachial Limb, its Segmental Architecture. SHERRINGTON, C. S. Phil. Trans., B, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 45-186.

Cutaneous andt Motor Fibres of V., X., XII. Cranial, of the Cervical, an(d of I. and II. Thoracic Nerves; their Distribution and Segmental Significalnce.

SHERRINGTON, C. S. Phil. Trans., B, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 45-186.

Nerve Plexuses, Functional Signiificance of. SHERRINGTON, C. S. Phil. Trans., B. 1898, vol. 190, pp. 45-186.

Spinal Cord, Effects of Transection in Monkey. SHERRINGTON, C. S. Pliil. Trans., B, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 45-186.

Spinal Reflex Actions, deep, crossed, short, and long; their features and rules. Inhibition; Rigidity; Reciprocal Innervation.

SHERRINGTON, C. S. Phil. Trans., B, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 45-186.



INDEX SLIP.

LANG, Williamn H. -On Apogamy and the Development of Sporangia upor Fern Prothalli.

Phil. Trans., B, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 187-238

Alternation of Generations, bearing of Apogamy on the Natuire of. LANG, William [1. Phil. Trans., Is, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 187-238

Apogamy, relations of to conditionis of Cultivation in species of A1slpfidium Athyriutm, Nephr?-odinrm, Poly1odirtin, and SoolopendC?lum.

LANG, William H. Phiil Trans., B, 1898, vol. 190, PP. 187-238,

JVeplcrodtirm, Sporangia borne on Prothallus of, LANG, William H. Phil. Trans., B, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 187--238.

Scolopendrinim, Sporangia borne on Protha.llis of. LANG, William H. Phil. Trans., B, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 187-238.

Sporangia, borne on Prothalli of Scolopendrium and N\ephvrodium. LANG, William H. Phil. Trans., B, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 187-238.



INDENX SLIP.

CASa, J. Theodore, and DUNSTAN, Wyndham R.-The Pharmacology of Aconitine, Diacetyl-aconitine, Benzaconine, and Aconine, considered in relation to their Chemical Constitution.

Phil, Trans., B, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 239-393.

DUNSTAN, Wyuidham R., and CAsH, J. Theodore.-The Pharrnacology of Aconitine, Diaaetyl-aconitine, Benzaconine, and Aconine, considered in relation to their Chemical Constitution.

Phil. Trans., B, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 239-393.

Aconine, Physiological Action of. CASH ,J. Theodore, and DuNSTAN, Wyndham H.

Phil. Trans., B, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 239-39g3.

Aconitine, Physiological Action of. CASH, J. Theodore, and DUNSTAN, Wyndhlam 1r.


Aconitum napellus, Alkaloids of -Chemistry and Pharmacology. Relation of Physiological Action to Chemical Constitution.

CASH, J. Theodore, and DUNSTAN, Wyndham R. Phil, Trans., B, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 239-393.

Benzaconine, Physiological Action of. CASH, J. Theodore, and DUNSTAN, Wyndham R.


Diacetyl-aconitine, Physiological Action of. CASH, J. Theodore, and DUNSTAN, Wyndham R.

Phil. Trans., B, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 239-393,



INDEX SLIP.

BLACIMAN, Vernon H.-On the Cytological Features of Fertilization and Related Phenomena in Pinus silvestris, L.


Fertilization, Cytology of, in Pinus silvestris, L. BLACKMAN;, Vernon H. Phil. Trans., B, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 395-426.

Piuqts silvestris, L., Cytology of Fertilization, &c. BLACKMAN, Vernon H. Phil. Trans., B, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 395-426.

Segmentation of the Egg in Pinu?s silvestris, L. IBLACKMAN, Vernon H. Phil. Trans., B, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 395-426.



INDEX SLIP.

MURRAAY, George, and BrLCKIMN, Vernoon H.-On the Nature of the (Joccospheres and Rhabdospheres.


BLACKMAN, Vernon H., an(i MURRAY, Geore.-On the Nature of the Coccospheres and Rhabdospheres.


Coccosphanraceaa, New Orcler of Marine Algam. MURZRAY, George, and BLACKMAN, Vernon H.


Coccospheres and Rhabdospheres, Fossil, Deep-sea, and Living Surface Specimens compared.

MURRAY, George, ancd BLACKMAN, Vernon H. Phil. Trans., B, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 427-441.



INDEX SLIP.

TOMES, C. S.--Upon the Structure and Development of the Enamel of Elasmobranch Fishes.


Elasmobranch Fishes, Structure and Developmeent of Enamel in. TOMES, C. S. Phil. Trans., B, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 443-464.

Enamel of Elasmobranchs, Development and Homologies. TOMES, C. S. Phil. Trans., B, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 443-464.



NI)NEA SLIP.

VJ3m Nox, H. M.-The Rlelations between thle Hybrid and Parent Forms of Echinoid Larvs.


Echinoids, Crosses and Reciprocal Crosses between Species of. VERNON, H. M. Plhil. Trans., B, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 465-529.

Hybrids (Echinoid), Formation ancl Characters of, Effects of Season aln(l Maturity of Sexual ProdUCts.

VERNON, H. M. Phil, Trans., B, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 465-529.

Varieties, Differential Fertility of atnongst Echinoids. VERNON, H. M. Phil. Trans., B, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 465-529.



INDE'X SLIP.

DARWIN, Francis.-Observations oni Stomata. Phil. Trans., B, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 531-621.

Stomata, Methocds ot Observing Action; Mechanism; Nocturnal Closure, &c. DARWI.N, Francis. Plhil. Trans., 3, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 531-621.

Teinperature of Plants, Influernce of Stoimata on. DARWIN, Francis. Phil, Trans., B, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 531-621.

Transpiration, Cuticular and Stomratal. DARWIN, Francis. Pllil. Trans., B, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 531-621.



INDEX SLIP.

FARMER, .J. Bretland, anid WILLIAMS, J. LL.-Contributions to our Knowledge of the Fucaceea, their Life-history and Cytology.


WILLIAMS, J. LL., and FARMER, J. Bretland.-Contributions to our Knowledge of the Fucacele, their Life-history and Cytology.

Phil. Trans., 13, 1898, vol. 190, pp. 623-645.

Fucacele: Life-history, Cytology, Oogenesis, Fertilisation, Germination. FARMER, J. Bretland, and WILLIAMS, J. LL.




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