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video
http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_4/Total%20Safety%20Confined%20Space%20[SaveYouTube.com].mp4http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_4/Total%20Safety%20Confined%20Space%20[SaveYouTube.com].mp4http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_4/Total%20Safety%20Confined%20Space%20[SaveYouTube.com].mp4http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_4/Total%20Safety%20Confined%20Space%20[SaveYouTube.com].mp48/12/2019 Gas Free & Confine Space Entry 1
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DEFINITION
A confined space means :
1. Is not intended as regular workplace (i.e.continuous employee occupancy)
2. Has restricted means of entry or exit
3. Is large enough and so configured that anemployee can bodily enter and perform assigned
work, and
4. Is at atmospheric pressure during occupancy.
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DEFINITION
In addition, this space has at least one ofthese characteristics:
1. It contains or has a potential to contain a hazardousatmosphere
2. It contains material (solid or fluid) that has potentialfor engulfing an entrant
3. It has an internal configuration such that an entrantcould be trapped or asphyxiated by inwardlyconverging walls or by a floor which slopes downwardand tapers to smaller cross section; or
4. It contains any other recognized serious safety andhealth hazards, for example rotors.
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Authorized Entrance / StandbyPerson
DEFINITION
Authorized Entrance
A trained and competent person who is performing
the job or stationed outside the confined space.
Standby Person
The stanby person monitors the authorisedentrants and performs certain specified additionaltasks. The Standby Person must also be trained byapproved DOSH training provider. AE/SP
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Examples of confined space
o Process vessels, tower ,boilers, cooling tower, pipe,storage tanks, container,
o Spaces located below ground or deck level, such as :
oDrain pitsoSewage pitsoTunneloDuctso
TrenchesoWellsoShaftso Vaults
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Confined Space
Inert Entry (Life threatening atmospheres)
Entry into a confined space with an inertatmosphere
Entry under inert gas(N2)
eg. catalyst removal under nitrogen:
Only specialist contractors will enter andwork in inert atmospheres, withauthorisation from senior site management
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Examples of confined space
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Definition (Cont.)
Tank Silo Pipeline
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Example of Confined Space
Open Pit
Furnace Stack
FURNANCE
STACK
OIL PIT
BOILER
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Example of Confined Space
mixer
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EXAMPLES OFCONFINED SPACES
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Entry into a confined space is a hazardous
activity in the oil and gas business. Entry permit
systems have been in place for years but fatal
accidents continue to happen. An entry permit,
by itself, does not make entry safe.
Workplace safety depends on
people factors !
Why discuss entry ?
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Confined Space
TOP 10 HAZARDS IN A CONFINED SPACE (OSHA)
1. Oxygen deficiency
2. Toxic gases
3. Flammable gases4. Injury from misused of tools and equipment
5. Bodily injury due to direct contact with chemicals
6. Physical hazards such as slip, trip & falling objects
7. Drowning
8. Noise
9. Electric shock, burns and scalding
10. Excavation collapse
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Authorised Entrance Roles & Responsibilities
Follow all Work Permit Conditions and safetyrules
Maintain effective contact with the SafetyWatch. Immediately exit without question if
instructed to do so by the Standby Person
Must be Trained and Medically Certified.
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Confined Space Entry
ENTRY REQUIREMENTS
Training Employees who are involved in and enter the
confined space, serve as AE, SP, AGT or ES mustundergo confined space safety training approvedby the Department of Occupational Safety andHealth.
All persons working in a confined space must becertified physically and medically fit by a OSHmedical doctor
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Standby Person Roles & Responsibilities
Remain on duty immediately outside the Confined Spaceuntil relieved
Maintain an accurate count of allpersons in the vessel (Entry Log)
Maintain effective contact with thepersons inside the vessel Monitor activities to confirm that it remains
safe for people to remain inside Order evacuation if conditions change to
endanger people inside Summon rescue services in an emergency Do not enter
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CSE ProcessEquipment Preparation
Shut down and removal of oil and gashazards by depressurising, draining,Flush, Purge etc.
Acceptable Methods Nitrogen purging,
Water washing, Steaming, etc All traces of oil, sludge, scale etc
removed
Bleeds/vents open and tested. Thisincludes level taps, sight glasses,pressure taps, etc.
Remove surrounding (
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CSE ProcessVentilation Requirements
Ventilation is Required Prior to andDuring Entry
Use of fans, air eductors,ducting
Ventilation air supply must befrom a fresh uncontaminated airsupply
Good Ventilation Depends on: Proper Positioning Proper Installation
Proper knowledge of vessel andtask
Adequate capacity of the fan, airmover etc
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CSE ProcessOpening Requirements
Warning notices posted at all manholes.
Responsible Parties = Operations or Maintenance
Danger
Confined Space
Do Not Enter
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Gas testing
Gas testing to be carried out, by competentperson, for oxygen, flammability andtoxic gas (in that order)
Test equipment of suitable design,regularly inspected, tested/calibrated and maintained
Limitations of equipment andtest method recognised
High risk areas identified and checked
Tested from outside initially, and then inside
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CSE Permit Requirements
No Entry Will Be Allowed Into AConfined Space Without the
Issuance of a Confined Space Entry
Permit
Oxygen 20% to 20.9%
Combustible
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Entry without Breathing Apparatus (BA)
Conditions required:
Gas test results: Oxygen 20-21% (as atmospheric
air)
Flammable gas less than 10% LEL
Toxic gas less than 50% of PEL(8 hours exposure)
All traces of oil, sludge, scale etc removed
Conditions not expected to change Adequate ventilation to maintain atmosphere
If not met, further risk assessment must be
done
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Emergency action and rescue
Entry must cease if the emergency siren sounds
First action is to raise the alarm and summonthe emergency services
Only specially selected, fit, trained rescuers
can attempt rescue. Untrained personsMUST NOT ATTEMPT RESCUE
Self contained breathing apparatus(SCBA) must be used
If work or entry is stopped for safetyreasons, it must not be restarted untilall tests and checks are repeated andMain PTW and Entry Checklist reissued
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CSE Apr 2007 27
Confined Space Hazards
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Lock Out Tag Out
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WHAT IS LOCK OUT TAG OUT (LOTO)
A systematic way of controlling energy!
o The placement of a tag and a locking device on anenergy isolating device, e.g. lock & chain on anisolation valve, electrical breaker locked & openposition, etc.
o To zero the energy
LOCKOUT/TAGOUT (LOTO)
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video
http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_4/1%20accident_without%20lock%20out.wmvhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_4/1%20accident_without%20lock%20out.wmv8/12/2019 Gas Free & Confine Space Entry 1
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TAG
Required for all isolated energy sources
Every craft working on the equipment must
attach a tag
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CERTIFICATES
CERTIFICATES TYPES DESCRIPTION VALIDITY
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CERTIFICATES
Normal Confine Space Entry
Certificates
Required for confined space
entry work.
7 consecutive days
with revalidation at
each shift
Excavation Certificate Required whenever the depth
of ground to be excavated is
more than 150 mm
7 consecutive days
Radiation Certificate For handling of Ionizing
Radiation Sources.
Lifting Certificate For handling of heavy lifting
work at site.
Critical Lifting lifting activity (>80% of load
chart), single lift or usingmultiple cranes,
Road Obstruction /
Closure Certificate
For closure of roads that may
affect the passage of
emergency response vehicles.
CERTIFICATES TYPES DESCRIPTION VALIDITY
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Normal Limitation of Electrical
Access Certificate
For control of works within or
closes to proximity of live
equipment by clearly defining
the scope/boundary of the
works.
7 consecutive days
Portable Equipment
and Temporary
Installation Certificate
Required when portable
equipment is brought into
premises, eg. generator.
CERTIFICATES TYPES DESCRIPTION VALIDITY
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Special Electrical Isolation
Certificate
Cover the work on electrical
equipment, especially high
tension systems.
3 months with weekly
revalidation
Physical Isolation
Certificate
Cover the work on process
lines and equipment to ensure
proper isolation is being
carried out.
Safety System Bypass
/ Override (SSB/O)
Certificate
Required if bypassing or
overriding the safety system.