1

DESIGN AND APPLICATION OF

GAS PIPING SYSTEM IN BUILDING

• LPG• MEDICAL GAS

2

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS

• COMMERCIAL

• LABORATORY

3

MEDICAL GAS• HOSPITAL

– Oxygen– Nitrous oxide– Helium– Nitrogen– Mixed gas

4

STANDARD AND CODE REFERENCE

ON LPG SYSTEM

• E.I.T. Standard 3006-40 (Standard for Liquid Petroleum Gas system)• Liquid Petroleum Gas law (From Ministry of Interior)

5

STANDARD AND CODE REFERENCE

ON MEDICAL GAS

• NFPA Standards 99 (Standard for Health Care Facilities)• NFPA Standard 50 (Bulk Oxygen Systems at Consumer Sites)

6

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS

Planing• Architectural and Structure Plan•Gas Equipment Information•Code and Law•Piping lay-out

7

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS

Sizing of Gas Piping System• Determine the maximum possible gas

demand

8

9

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS

Determine the maximum possible gas demand• Commercial kitchen use 100% Simultaneous use

factor• Dwelling unit use 65,000 Btu/hr/unit

(See simultaneous use factor in Table 2)• Laboratory use 5,000 Btu/hr/burner

(See simultaneous use factor in Table 3)

10

11

12

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS

Determine the pressure drop• Less than 10% of working pressure

13

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS

Determine the distance to the most remote gas outlet• Equivalent length

14

15

16

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS

Determine the specific gravity of the gas• Use the gravity factor

17

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS

Determine the system design pressure• National Fuel Gas Code - 5 Psi maximum for NG. - 20 Psi Maximum for LPG.

18

TABLE 3

19

TABLE 4

20

TABLE 5

21

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS Determine the pipe size Example :

80

SECTION 3

Pout=10 psi

20 25FT

20FT

SECTION 1SECTION 2

1,888,00 BTU/HR

1,145,00 BTU/HR

2,120,00 BTU/HR

2,400,00 BTU/HR

A

C

B

D

3020

60

40

22

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS Determine the pipe size Solution :

- The distance to the most remote gas outlet is 185 FT- Outlet A : = 1450 CFH, FROM TABLE 4 :-REQUIRES DIA 1”- Outlet B : = 1888 CFH, FROM TABLE 4 :-REQUIRES DIA 1 1/4”- Outlet C : = 2120 CFH, FROM TABLE 4 :-REQUIRES DIA 1 1/4”- Outlet D : = 2400 CFH, FROM TABLE 4 :-REQUIRES DIA 1 1/4”

23

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS Determine the pipe size Solution :Section 1 : 3,338 CFH, FROM TABLE 4 :-REQUIRES DIA 1 1/2”Section 2 : 5,458 CFH, FROM TABLE 4 :-REQUIRES DIA 2”Section 3 : 7,858 CFH, FROM TABLE 4 :-REQUIRES DIA 2”

24

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS Determine the pipe size Solution :

SECTION 3

Pout=10 psi

11/4"

A

C

B

2" 11/2"

11/4"

1"

11/4"

2"

D

25

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS

Determine the pipe size• See Figure 1 (Low pressure)• See Figure 2 (High pressure)

26

27

28

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS Piping Materials (NFPA 54)• Steel pipe - ASTM A53 - ASTM A106• Copper pipe - ASTM B42

29

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS Tubing Materials (NFPA 54)• Steel tube - ASTM A539• Copper tube - ASTM B88 (Type K or L)

30

CRITERIA TO DESIGNLIQUID PETROLEUM GAS

Other Standard• Tubing Material Copper Tube - EN 1057- R250 ✐ Table X ✐ Table Y - EN 1057-R220 ✐ Table W ✐ Table Y

31

32

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS Piping Components• Gas Meter• Gas Pressure Regulators - Service pressure regulator - Line pressure regulator• Overpressure Protection• Back Pressure Protection• Shut off valves

33

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS Gas Piping Installation• Underground - More than 0.45m under cover - Coatings and Wrappings

34

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS Gas Piping Installation• Above ground Piping Outside A Building - Protected from physical damage - Corrosion

35

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS Gas Piping Installation• In Building - In Concealed Location ✐ Above-ceiling ✐ Partitions ✐ Floors

36

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS Pressure-Testing Inspection• Test Preparation• Test Pressure - 1.5 times of maximum working pressure• Test Duration - 10 min for pipe volume less than 0.28m3

- 30 min for each 14.0m3 of pipe volume

37

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS System Check• Check entire system• Purging - 1.5 times of maximum working pressure• Test Duration - 10 min for pipe volume less than 0.28m3

- 30 min for each 14.0m3 of pipe volume

38

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

MEDICAL GASPlanning• Architectural and Structure Plan• Gases Information• Codes and Law• Piping lay out

39

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

MEDICAL GASSizing of Gas Piping System• Oxygen Systems - 1 to 100 outlets, manifold - over 100 outlets, bulk - Determine the maximum possible gas demand

40

TABLE 6

41

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

MEDICAL GASOxygen Systems• Pipe sizing - Maximum friction loss of 5 psi - Outlet pressure (> 50 psi) - Pressure loss (see Table)

42

TABLE 7 Pressure loss per 100 ft of pipe, psi

43

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

MEDICAL GASSizing of Gas Piping System• Nitrous Oxide Systems - Determine the maximum possible gas demand

44

TABLE 8

45

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

MEDICAL GASNitrous Oxide Systems• Pipe sizing - Maximum friction loss of 5 psi - Outlet pressure (> 50 psi) - Pressure loss (see Table)

46

TABLE 9 Pressure loss per 100 ft of pipe, psi

47

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

MEDICAL GASPiping Materials (NFPA99)• Copper tube - ASTM B819 Seamless medical gas tube, Type K or L

48

CRITERIA TO DESIGN

MEDICAL GASPressure-Testing Inspection• Initial Pressure Test - 1.5 time of working pressure (not less than 150 psi)• Final Pressure Test - 20% above operating pressure - Duration (24 hrs.)