7/25/2019 Gerunds and Infinitives_ex

1/5

l t f LL ii

L 2

They

want

to spend

their life

together.

They would ,ike to have two children.

Thay may buy a car next year.

The linrfiniHue

is

the

root

fonn1of

the

venb

.,

There are

two kinds of infinli'li v,e:

a the o

I

n e.g. 10

1

siay, fo

go

b)

the

ba lnflnltl which is tihe root torni ot the

verb without

to.

,e.g.

stay.,

go

after verbs

su:ch

,as ad11ise

,

agree,

decide

expect, hope

m a n a g e

offer

,

promls,e, ,refuse

.,

seem

1

want-

1

etc

.

e.g. He

refused

to

answer

my question.

after - +

adj such

as glad

n a p p y n i c e

SOn:)

etc.

e.g.

It

Is nice

f.o

be back home.

Jack

will

be

glad

to

see

you.

+ .after some verlbs su c

lh as

,know,

learn,

remember, ,ask, want to

know

. elc., when

there

is

a

1

queslion w,

ord

what whe

re how

etc.) after

them.

w h y is not foHowed by a

1

n

intfni1ive,,

but

by a subjec

1

t

+ ve:rb.

e.g.

I

don

know how to answer tl1is

quesUon.

but

I didnt

know why he was

cryin

'g.

with

too

and enough

.

e.g. It's too

cold

to go

outs,de.

Joe lsn t old enough

to

vote.

to

express purpose.

e.g

.

went to the florisfs to

buy some

flowers.

1

2

3

4

5

16

7

9,

after mod verbs

1can

musi,

etc

. .

e.g. Ybu

1

Can go

home

now.

after the verbs lat and mak .

e.g.

Y parents

let

me

h,ave a party

for my birth

day

last month.

Write what Die fal lowing words/plilrases

,

are

1

loHowed

by: le

. infinitive (l'.1 .J

or bare

infinffillie

{8

. f'.J.

could

+

8 1

91

make sb

+

.

, .... .

agree

9 .,,

,.

..t

I

I

10

seem

I

t . 1 'f t ' I i 1

tel + .

11

expect

....... ...

must+ 1

a

I

e

I

112 can 't +

111

. .. ll

want

..

....... . ,

13 it is

nice

f t T..-

I 1 I .. I I ., .. I

learn

+

..

t r I O I O

Ii

14 hope " 1 9 " 1 ' " ' " ' 1

decrde

+

-t-

-

111

15

may +

................

-

promise+

4

t

16

+

1t 1-C ... . ll

In pairs,1say

what rour

parents donftj tel

or (

don

fJ

make rou

do using Ole prompts

below.

SA : My

parent; {et me watch

1Y

late

t

nl9ht.

SB:

My parent9 make me etudy hiud

watch

TV late

at ni

ght

study ha

rd

go

to

parUes

at the

weekend

wear

anything I

want

tidy my room

invUe rriends

home

have breakfast every

m o m ~ n

pl

ay music loud

Fiii in

the gaps

,

with one of I l le

ve:li)s

from

the

l ist in

the correct form .

climb. help,

go. openi buy,

posl.

stay, take.

wa sh,

ask

1 I think win ..

uy ..

some flowers fo r my mother.

2 em went lo the

po

st office ................. soma letters.

3 Lel me .

.

.

you with

your

homework.

4

want

... .................... a mountain before I'm th irty.

5 We must .

..

................. the car today. ns very

dirty.

6

He

1

s too young ........................ in ~ h e house

aJone

.

7 I don't know how . . the

windows ij

1

n

this room.

e

I couldn 't

~ -

.............. on

hofiday

last sunimer.

9 Can I .............. ..

you a please?

10i They made her .............. the money out

of

the safe.

7/25/2019 Gerunds and Infinitives_ex

2/5

I wanl to

play

with

the

ye.flow

ball

.

= - - c

I

want yo u lo

draw a pie

ure.

When the subject

of

the main verb and the subiect

of Ule

inli

l

nilive

rs

the

same. then U1e subject of the

inltni1ive

is omitted.

e.g. I would

l le lo

sta

1

y

here. (The subject ,of the

main verb nd the infinitive is

1

When the subjecl of

the

lnfinitirve

s

different from

1he

subject

ot the ma n

lhen

fhe su

1

bject

of

the

infi

initJve is not

omitted.

The subject of the

infinitiive

can be

a name (Mla.,k)

1

a

noun

(the

boys

)

or

an

,object pronoun (me.

you,,

lhem

1

ec.) and

goes

bef

,or

1

e the Infinitive.

lucy

e.g. I would

ll ce

lhe

girts

her

must

he

1

lp

me

.

I

want you to help

me.

lo slay

here

.

They

m ustn

leave now. . ................

& .

I don't want ....w . ......... . .

_

She

must

eat

her d1111n

er.

want . .

'I

. .. ...... . ' 'I - ......... . ......

....

. . .. ,. .... ' .. t . t .. - .. .. .. ........ .........

..

Iii .. ' ..... .

He must visit

Aunt Lind

a.

I

wan

I

. .

. . ,

'

,. ,

You

mus1:n

,t

talk to

str

angers

.

don 't

want

.. .a . . . . . .

..

..

.

II

II .. .. '

.

..

a .. . . . . . . . ..

..

iii. i a II ..

7/25/2019 Gerunds and Infinitives_ex

3/5

He is

loo

short lo reach

the

biscuits.

She s ta,

enough to

reach the top shelf.

Too goes belor

adjectives

or

adver

1

bs. It

has

a negativ,e meanin:g and shows that: something

is mo

1

re than enough ,

mor

e

than

necessary

or

m,

ore

tha1n 'Wanted .-

0 01

+ dJect1 /a v

rb

+ to - I n

e.g. Sarah is

loo youn

g

to

go to

sch

ool. (Swah is

so

young

Ula

1

tshe can t go to school.)

He speaks

too

1

u1 'ckty

for me to undersfand

him

. (He

speaks so quickly lhal

I

can

1

I

under

-

stand him.)

Enough goe,s before

nouns

but after adjectives,

or

adverbs.. rt has a

positive

meaning and

shows that U1ere Is as

1much

of

someth

i

ng

as is

wanted or needed.

adJacU

e/

adverb

+

enough } +

to

,- infinitive

enough

noun

e.g. She s

Ola

enough fo go out on

her

own (She

can go

out

on

her own Ji

rve

got

1enough butter to RJak1e a cake

.

(I

can make a cake.)

nough ... + to -

lnflnttt

_ (,positive meani

ng)

e.g. He is stron'g enough

lo lift

the suitcase.

not

no gh

..

..

+ to in ntuva (negative meani

ng')

e.g He Is nol strong enough to llft the suitcase.

too .... +

10 -

ln: nltf (negative meaning)

e.g.

He

is

too weak to 1;n the

suitcase

too

... ror omebody/som till g +to lnfln M

(negative

meaning)

e.g. Tihe suitcase is too heavy for ,him to litt.

,,

21

31

4,

51

6

7

8

Match column A wilhi

calurnn

8

1

lo mak

correct

sentences.,

A B

It's only 6 o'clock.

a

e:nough to l ve atone.

It's

too

'

b

co

1

d

to

go

out

without

a coat

He wasn' t tat I

c

enough to go

to

I'm

not

ofd

bed now .

d

enough

to

reach the

ns too

1

cupboard.

8

expensive for me to

The

girll wasn 't early

buy.

The dress was too

f

early

to

go to bed.

g

rich enough to buy a

rm not tired

yactrit

h

enough to

1

catch

the

w a arent

train.

Complete the responses using too or

e n o u g h ~

1 Can she win the rac

e?

(fast) Yes . f1he'6

fa6t

er1ou9h,,

2 Can he buy this car? (cheap)

No, ' ..... l . . _ .. .. .. ., .. ., "' . . . , .......... .

I>'

i .. ..

. . . . . . . . . . .

. .......... 1 . . . . . . . . .

3 Can

he

Near

th;s )acket?

(

sma.U)

NO, ' a-

+ .. l1:.11 ..

,. 1

. . . . . l l i l

.

........ .. r

4

Can

she

carry

the

ba.gs? (hearvy)

o ,. ......_.. ..

......

................................... ,................................... .

5, Can he hear the 1music? (loud)

yes .. . .. .... .

... i ' ii

. . . . .

. IS._.

I I .. ' I '

I

I .,

I

II

6 Can he touch the ceiling? (short)

N0

t

..

II .

ta I l I

_.

..

. . I

..

I_. I I .

.

7/25/2019 Gerunds and Infinitives_ex

4/5

Mr Scott

likes

painting.

Pa

,nffng is hjs

tavourjte hobby.

The u

rn form"

is the verb

f

1

orm

with

the,

ng

suffix.

e.g.

Sam

lik,es ,ishing.

as

a

noun .

e.g. Walldn.g is a

go

od form

of

exercise.

usually after the verbs II e . lov dlallk ; h

nJay

p

e.g. Melen likes

watching

old

films

on TV.

after

t

1

he verbs

- ,

begln op

,, lnl

h.

e.g.

He, started writing

his composition an

hour

ago.

after

preposili'o.ns"

g I m

tired of

go;ng

to

work

by bus e,very

morning

.

after

the

verb go when we talk ,about e t l v e s ~

e.g. We

usually go

siding at the

weekends.

,

after

lhe expressions be

busy,

ll s no use

1ts

no

1

good

H's (no} worth wha, s the se

of

..

.

?

fheTe 's no poin, In.

1

g

. Father

Is busy repairi

ng

the car.

after verbs such ,as avoid. admit. confess, deny,

look

forward tor

mind

regret

1tslc, spend

suggest,

etc

e g Torry avo.fded

answering

my question.

NOTE:

1 We,

can use the

-Jng form1or

the

to -

inifln itive

after

the verbs

,

start.

e i ,

continue-

llke

, lov

,

prefer and e.g. He started wrtHng/

10

1

wrlle

his

speech

last night.

2 We use the to infiinltlve

and

not the -rng form

afler' lhe expressions

would love

/would like/

would prefer.

e.g.

I

would love

,

lo have

my own

house one day. (NOT:

ffNe-haWRg-my- WA-

~ e e y

3 We can use the bare Infinitive or the - ling form

after

the ve1bs

see"'

hear

feel and

watc

Note

lhe difference in

mean1ng

1

however

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

a

1

I saw Peter cross the street I saw the whole

action - by the time J e f t ~ Peter was

on

the other

side

of

the

street.)

b) I saw Peter cross;ng

the street.

J

only

saw paJf

of

the

action - I don know If

Peter

got

lo

the

other

side

of the street by the time I left.}

I

Match colu111n

A will i l1

co'lumn1

B

lo

make

c rwc t

sentences

A B

WriUng ~ e t t e r s

to

a

is

very

Uring.

fri,ends

b bad for your teet1.

The baby

started

Running tong

c

cryi

ng

when

I left

Lhe

distances

room.

Speaking foreign

d

skiing 11ast

wl nter.

languages

e

is one of my hobbies.

llhey went

~ n g lots

of sugar

f wa5hing the

dishes.

Tom doesn

~ i k e

g is useful for

everyoneT

Put

the

verbs in brack

1

els

n1o

the

correc

. lnfinifiv

,e

form or

the -Jng form.

1 I would

Uke

...

t o ao go)

out

tonfght

2 He hates . . . .. . . .. . (play)

cards

.

3, She is too

e>:c

ited . . . .

(sleep) .

4

You

must

................. (get up) early in the morning .

5 I regret ................................

M

(spierid) so

much

money

las1 weekerid.

6 They go ................. ..

(nun)

1

every Tuesday evening .

7 I saw Helen .............. .. ......... ....................... (wash)

the

d

shes

.

It

took

he

1

only

ten mi

nutes

.

8 I started . . ('earn) French 'lwo

y,ears

ago.

9 He was very p eased .................... (see} her again.

1O The dentist

advised him . ...

(st

.op

J

eating sweets.

69

7/25/2019 Gerunds and Infinitives_ex

5/5

Put the verbs in brackets into the

1

correct lnlinllive form or the -Ing

to r

lm.

Last e e k e n d ~ Toby's parents let him (1)

.go

(go)

'0

1 he funfair with his friends. When they arrived,

they

di

dn

't know which ride

12) ..............

..

..... ..... (try)

first, but

someo

ne

suggested

3.)

.............................. ,....

(start}

with the

ghost

tran.

Every

one

agreed

that this

was

a

very good

idea. After they

had

finished (4)

..

.........

.

.........

(ride) the ghost

tratn.

they

moved

'On to

~ h e other

rides. Toby admitted (5) .....................

..

(be) afraid on

the

iast r0Her-coaster , but hewas

still

happy

enough

(6.) ............................ (go) on it thr

1

ee 'limes He and his

friends

wa

nted (7)

rn

. ~ t r y )

an

of the

1

rides

but they were too exhausted (8) ~ .. (do)

everything n one

day

.

Toby

suggested (9) ............ .... ...

(come) back the

f0Uow

1ng weekend.

Then

.

they aJ

I

dec

i

ded 110) .............................

(go) home.

They aH

o v e d

{11) ...... ..........................

(visi l) the funfair

and

t

ihe

y

are looking forward to (12) ................................

(return) this w e e k e n d

Put the verbs in

brackels

into the

cor-,,ecl

Infinitive to r,m

1or

the -

Jn

g

torm

.

1

A: Ar,e

you busy ... readlrrB

(read)?

Si:

Yes.

but II don't

mind ................... .............

(help'

you

.

What do

you want?

A: Do you know

the

answer

to

th

is

ques1ion?

B: Yes. l ook_

11

1show

you

how

............

,

..............

.

(do)

it

yourself.

2 A: I've decded . . . . . {get) a part-Ume job.

B: Really?

Wha

't

kind of job

do

you want .... ... ..

..

. .

..

.

.... .. ' . . firi

d)?

A: Well, II real1

y

enjo,y ..................... ................. (look

after) a a's. so

11

o u ~ d n t m .....

...

............. .

....... ....

..

...... (work) in a pet shop .

3 A: lhe p o ~ i e

caught

the man who burgled my

house last month.

B: Really?

How did

they

manage..........

.. .. ..

............ .

{catch) h ~ m

A:

don't know

,

but he admitted

.....

..

..................... .

{s

t

ea

l) things in

our ne

ighbourhood.

B: We U, I'm happy

.............

(hear) that

lhe lhi ef was caug

hl

.

4 A.:

L

1

et's .. . . . . (go) to 'the

ice-rink

at 1Jhe weekend

.

B: Y

ou know

hate ............

.. ..

.............

..

(ice-skate).

A: Burt you\

re

only tried it once. Ainyway. you love

.......

..

.............. (roller-skate)'.

Ifs

the same tning.

That's

di

fferent

5 A: Dad,

Lu

cy

has

started ....-- {have)

rid ing lessons. Will you let 1me ... ........................ .

(go) riding loo?

B:

Do

you reaHy want .

.

(go}?

A: Yes. ...... ... L.-

1

... _

...

. . . .

.......... (.\o\te)

1

lo

B; WeU , l 'H talk to your mother and, if she agrees.

sure we can ................. ,., ... (arrange)

some

~ e s s o n s tor you.

A: Thanks Dad.

6 A: D

id you

know that Scott going to ask Laura

(

. ) h' ?

' ~ . , '

11 'I,. I

' ' I

fl r' ' r ' I " '

I l l 9

1 I II 1

'I 'J "I I I t '

.

I "I

I

'I t

I

'., marry 1m

B: ReaHy? How do you know 'that?'

A: I

sa

w

them .......................

Oook)

at 1ngagemenr

rings n a jieweUery shop.

Oh. that's

interesting.

7

A:

A

re

you

o o k m n g

f

orwa

rd to ...............

..

........ (go)

on

ho

Jlday?

B:

Yes

. I'm busy

.. ..

... .. ...... .. .......... (p

tan)

my week.

A: I

suggest

..........

..

.................

v ~ s i t )

the museums

and art galleries.

They

're f

asd

natin g.

Thats

a

good

idea. Actually,

~ a n t e d

.............. .

..

.

.

. (ask) you what lhe town is Hke

before I decide what uuu

(do).

S

ludy

lhese examples. The second sentence

has a similar meaning to

the

f i rst sentence.

1 Jerry was so short that he couldn't

reach

the lop shelf.

too J

erry was

too short to

teach

the

top

shelf.

2 Fiona

is

too young to

1

Q0

1

out at

night

1

0

1

ld Fiona isn't

1

td

enough to 9 out at night.

3 Driving fast

is

dangerous.

driive

It ts

1

dangerous to

1

drtve fast

Complete each sentence

w

lb, twa

to

Owe

word's lincluding the

1

ward

in

bold.

1 Alec is too

short

lo be a basketball pla.ye .

tall

Alec isn't . .

aU enoueh

to

be

a

basketball

player.

2

Exercising

regularly

is

good

for

you.

exerc ise ll is good . . . .. .. ... ... . re-guIar'Y.

3 Mary was,

so

late that

she didn

't catch

U1e bus

.

too

Mary

wa

s .....................................

the

bus.

4

This

book is

too boring for

me to

read.

enough1 This book

msn

t ....... ...... ..................... read.