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 Hadi Nugroho

Geological Department

Diponegoro University2010

Modified by EBS 2015

GMB - 13Drilling and Wellsite Duties

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Further Readings

• Baker Hughes, 1996, “Wellsite Geology – Reference Guide” 

• Seubert, B.W., 1995, “The Wellsite Guide – An

Introduction to Geological Wellsite Operations” PT PetroPEP Nusantara Online Publication

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Drilling Operation

Drilling Rig

Surface Casing

Intermediate CasingString

Drill Pipe

Drill Bit

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Drilling Classification

• Exploration:

 – Wildcat  – drilling on a new trap / structure

 – Delineation / Appraisal – to confirm a

discovery is economical for development

• Development  – to get enough productionfrom a field

• Completion - process of making a well ready for production (or injection)

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RIG TYPES

FixedPlatform  Jack-Up 

Semi

Submersible  Drill Ship Land Rig 

Swamp Barge Rig

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RIG STRUCTURE

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RIG COMPONENTS

Five Main Systems:

• Power system

• Hoisting system

• Rotating system

• Control &

Measurement system

• Circulating system

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Mud Circulating System

Mud pump

Mud pit

Shale shaker

solid control

Mud hooper

Mud hooper

Mud pump

Mud pit

solid control

Shale shaker

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Mud Circulation System

• Removing cuttings

•  Control formation

pressure

•  Maintain wellborestability

• Seal permeable

formations - mudcake•  Cool & lubricate bit

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WELLSITE GEOLOGIST JOB

Daily Geological Report

• Drilling status / progress

• Geological data:

• Lithology identifications• Gas & Oil Shows identifications

• Markers and Correlations

• Reservoir & Fluid characterization• Lithologic and Mud Logs 

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REALTIME DATA

LAGTIME DATA

- RATE OF PENETRATION- ROTATION PER MINUTE

- WEIGHT ON BIT + WEIGHT ON

HOOK

- STAND PIPE PRESSURE

- FLOW RATE

- TORQUE

- MUD WEIGHT IN

- MUD TEMP IN

Drilling Operation

- GAS

- CUTTINGS- MUD WEIGHT OUT

- MUD TEMP OUT

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CUTTING

Description Guidelines

• Rock Type

• Color• Hardness

• Grain size and shape

• Sorting

• Cementation and

Matrix

• Accessory mineral

• Fossil & Unusual Features• Visual Porosity &

Permeability

• Hydrocarbon Show

Indication

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Some description need to add in certain

type of lithology:

• Grain color - mainly to describe grains in loose sand

• Cutting Shape - typically texture for soft sediment like

coal, shale and siltstone, but some features recognized

as pressure and bit type effect 

• Fissility - main internal structure to identified shale

• Luster  - mainly used for mineral or showing degree of

coal maturity• Crystallinity - specially used for limestone

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Hydrocarbon Shows

Beware that some minerals have natural fluorescence under UV light 

• Oil Shows

• Oil show description under ultra-violet

light microscope

• Gas Shows

• Total Gas readings using hot-wire unit

(gas detector)• Gas Chromatography

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Oil Fluorescence

Visible Light Ultra-Violet Light

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Oil Fluorescence

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Fluorescing Minerals under UV

Be careful

Certain minerals fluoresce

under UV-light

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Oil Bleeding from Cores

Oil Stained

Cutting

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GAS DETECTION PROCESS

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Gas Chromatography

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Mud & Lithologic Logs

Drilling Rate Lithology Total GasChromato

graphyLithology DescriptionShow

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Gas

Chromatography

Interpretation

Baker Hughes 1993

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Thanks for your attention