HERA European Stakeholders Workshop: Brussels, Oct 2001 1

Environmental Risk Assessment

Progress and Lessons Learned

Kay FoxChair of the HERA Environmental Task Force

Human & Environmental Risk Assessment

HERA European Stakeholders Workshop: Brussels, Oct 2001 2

K. Fox Unilever (Chair)

A. Aarts Solutia I. Lopez Petresa C. Arregui HERA P. Masscheleyn P&G J. Backmann HERA C. Poelloth HERA A. Berends Solvay P. Richner CIBA G. Boeije P&G W. Schul BASFD. Calcinai Sasol J. Steber Henkel E. Cerbelaud Rhodia C. Stevens Dow Corning H. Certa Sasol R. Toy Shell Chemicals R. Elsmore McBride R. van Wijk Akzo Nobel V. Koch Clariant T. Wind Henkel

HERA Environment Task Force

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• 1a. To develop a methodology, based on the TGD, which is specifically tailored to household detergent and cleaning products– Transparent– Good science– Rapid and easy to use

• 1b. To carry out risk assessments, and to use them to improve the methodology

HERA Environment Goals

Speed

Quality

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HERA Environmental Risk Assessmentstarts with EU Technical Guidance Document for New and Existing substances EUSES

HERA

EnvironmentConclusions specific for European UsageAISE product categories

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Main focus on chemical substances used primarily in Household detergent and cleaning products

Focus on the use and disposalof these substances

Sewer Transport

Sewage Treatment

HERA

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Detergent exposure scenario for EUSES

• Begin with EUSES

– Environment• Local• Regional

– Predators exposed via the environment– Man exposed via the environment

TGD

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Detergent exposure scenario for EUSES

• Tiered Methodology– Begin with EUSES– Include the HERA Detergent Scenario

– Replace selected EUSES values if appropriate• Removal values in Sewage Treatment Plant• Often need Chronic ecotoxicity data

– Use all other EUSES initial values

HERA

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Detergent exposure scenario for EUSES

• EUSES assumes that– the local wastewater treatment plant receives 4 times the average ingredient input– the Standard EU region receives 10% of the total European product consumption

• HERA replaces these assumptions with measured values based on laundry detergent product consumption and environmental monitoring data - the HERA Detergent Scenario.

• product consumption and environmental monitoring data - the HERA Detergent Scenario.

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Regional Environmental Concentration

Standard EU Region

Production

Formulation

Use

20 million people

10% of EU Production

200 km

200 km

Release is based on Production

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Detergent Release scenario

Production

Formulation

Use

HERA Region

200 km

200 km

~100% of release Kg/person/year

HERA

Release is based on

population density

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Region Population Area, km2 # EU Regions Pop. DensityEntire EU 370000000 3560000 89 104Switzerland 7325000 39550 0.99 185Belgium 10213000 32820 0.82 311Paris, Picardie, U. Normandie 14500000 43000 1.08 337

The Netherlands 15739000 33920 0.85 464

EUSES Standard Region 20000000 40000 1.00 500

London and SE +E 20452000 39794 0.99 514Northrhine-Westphalia 17800000 34071 0.85 522

The HERA Detergent Scenario takesthe highest population density in Europe

HERA

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And the highest laundry detergent usage 1998 per capita detergent consumption

by country

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Finl

and

Sweden

Norway

Icel

and

Denm

ark

The

Nethe

rland

s

Austri

a

Germ

any

Switzer

land

Irela

nd UK

Europ

ean

Avera

ge

Greec

e

Belgi

um

Luxe

mbu

rg

Fran

ce

Portu

gal

Spain

Italy

kg

/pe

rso

n/y

ea

r

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To generate the maximum regional release for household laundry products

This is 7% of the European consumption volume

200 km

200 km

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• Product use and substance use data are expected to be similar, for most widely used household detergent and cleaning ingredients.

• Each HERA Substance Team will consider any areas of high regional usage for their substance, and will modify the HERA regional default if appropriate.

Fragrance F

HERA

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STD. EURegion

Local treatment plants

4TGD - Local plant

Release from LOCAL sewage treatment facility

A reasonable worst case treatment plantreceives 4 times the average load

EUSES

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Experimental dataHERA

Boron in effluents: 50 treatment plantsNL 7 Germany 6 Italy 3UK 34 plants

012

3456

78

0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 2.4

Boron measured / Boron calculated

Fre

qu

ency

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

Frequency

Cumulative %

Comparison with sales shows 90% of sewage plantsreceive less than 1.5 times the boron sold in laundry detergent

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• HERA uses 1.5 times, not 4 times the average per capita consumption to determine a realistic worst case for the sewage treatment plant input.

• Each HERA Substance team will consider any areas of high local use and will modify this HERA value if appropriate.

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STD. EURegion

Summary - HERA Detergent Scenario

Region - 7%, not 10%of ingredient

1.5

Local sewage treatment - 1.5 is worst case, not 4.

100%, not 99%, of ingredient used goes to the local treatment facility

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So - How well does it work?

• As well as for boron and some surfactants, monitoring data are available for FWA-5– might be subject to local usage patterns

• FWA-5 data shows Hera Detergent Scenario is still conservative - i.e. predicts a higher environmental concentration than found experimentally.

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Lessons learned - Environment

• The HERA detergent scenario, based on measured data for boron in laundry detergent, works - as shown by FWA -5

• Production and Use data– HERA is identifying the data locations

within companies/organisations– HERA is building the network to deliver the

data we need

HERA

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Lessons learned - Environment

• Hazard data needs are often “higher tier”– Chronic or higher “non-SIDS” data

• Environmental exposure - more realistic data often needed– Sewage treatment plant removal data– Environmental monitoring data very helpful

HERA

HERA sponsor companies are aware

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Conclusions - Environment

• HERA is building a focussed Risk Assessment method– based on the EU TGD

– applicable to “HERA” products

• HERA is assembling the Network to deliver focussed risk assessments– good science– transparency– comparatively rapid, and easy to use

HERA

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Thanks!• To HERA for providing the Challenges!

• To the HERA Environment task force for help with the Solutions

• To ERASM and the Environment Agency for England and Wales for funding the boron monitoring work

• To the monitoring staff who collected the samples in all weathers!

• To you for listening!