Introduction

Ho Kyung Kim

Pusan National University

Introduction to Medical Engineering (Medical Imaging)

Medical imaging modalities

• Digital radiography (DR)

• Computed tomography (CT)

• Nuclear medicine

– Scintigraphy

– Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)

– Positron emission tomography (PET)

• Ultrasound imaging (echography)

• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

• Radiation therapy (RT)

– Linear accelerator (LINAC)

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Definition

• Transmission imaging

• Emission imaging

3

• Planar imaging, a kind of still shot

• Fluoroscopy (dynamic imaging), angiography, cardiology

• Tomography (rendering cross-sectional & 3-D views)

Cross-sectional images (tomograms)

4

Taken from the Lecture Slides (Dr. Lee Jae Sung, SNU)

Modality

Radiation

Role

Resolution

Contrast

Radiation exposure

WB scan time

PET

-ray

Funct/Mole

Relatively low

Very high

Low

10~20 min

CT

X-ray

Anat

Very high

Medium

High

few min

MRI

RF

Anat/F/M

High

Medium

None

10~20 min

Anatomical vs. functional

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Taken from the Lecture Slides (Dr. K. Mueller)

Planar radiography

6

Taken from the textbook (P. Suetens, 2001)

Mammography

7

J. M. Park et al., Radiographics (2007)

Fluoroscopy

8

Taken from the textbook (P. Suetens, 2001)

Angiography

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Interventional imaging

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X-ray detector

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From www.anrad.com

CT

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Taken from the textbook (W. A. Kalender, 2000)

Philips Brilliance CT (16 slices)

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PET

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Taken from the Lecture Slides (Dr. Kim Kyung Min, KIRAMS)

US

15

MRI

16

Kyunghee University

Still CT?

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Cyber knife

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Taken from the Lecture Slides (Dr. Kim Jinsung, SMC)

Varian on-board imager (OBI) CBCT

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Dual-energy imaging

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Original Soft tissue Bone tissue

Image Courtesy of F. Nicholas, GE Medical Systems

Tomosynthesis

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Image Courtesy of J. T. Dobbins, Duke Univ.