How the Lungs Get Oxygen to the Rest of the

Body

How the Lungs Get Oxygen to the Rest of the

BodyLeah Fessler, Claire

Bradach, Sara UebeleinLeah Fessler, Claire

Bradach, Sara Uebelein

Overview Diagram of Lungs

Overview Diagram of Lungs

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

http://healthforself.today.com/files/2009/06/lungs-1.jpg

How Does Mucus Help?How Does Mucus Help?

Mucus coats and protects the linings of of breathing tubes and pulmonary tubes

Any irritant: dust, bacteria, airborne particles stick to thin mucus coatings

Protects against bacterial or viral invasion, infections or inflammation

Traps foreign substances before they can invade respiratory system

References: 5, 6

Mucus coats and protects the linings of of breathing tubes and pulmonary tubes

Any irritant: dust, bacteria, airborne particles stick to thin mucus coatings

Protects against bacterial or viral invasion, infections or inflammation

Traps foreign substances before they can invade respiratory system

References: 5, 6

How Do Cilia Help?How Do Cilia Help? Little hairs lining

pulmonary tubes Move mucus containing

any pollutants upward towards throat to the epiglottis

Continuous wave-like movements

Epiglottis opens allowing mucus to be swallowed, or coughed up in mouth

References: 5

Little hairs lining pulmonary tubes

Move mucus containing any pollutants upward towards throat to the epiglottis

Continuous wave-like movements

Epiglottis opens allowing mucus to be swallowed, or coughed up in mouth

References: 5

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

http://medicalimages.allrefer.com/large/respiratory-cilia.jpg

Cilia Animation: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=by6DKnvl5nE

Function of the Bronchioles

Function of the Bronchioles

Fine branchings off “bronchial tree”

Further warm, moisten, and clean air

Carry oxygen to alveoli for gas exchange

References: 7

Fine branchings off “bronchial tree”

Further warm, moisten, and clean air

Carry oxygen to alveoli for gas exchange

References: 7

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

http://www.clarian.org/ADAM/doc/graphics/images/en/1103.jpg

What are Alveoli?What are Alveoli?

an alveolus is a tiny air sac covered in capillaries

lungs have about 300 million alveoli

gas exchange occurs in alveoli

oxygen diffused from alveoli into blood

carbon dioxide diffused from blood into alveoli

an alveolus is a tiny air sac covered in capillaries

lungs have about 300 million alveoli

gas exchange occurs in alveoli

oxygen diffused from alveoli into blood

carbon dioxide diffused from blood into alveoli

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

http://www.3dscience.com/img/Products/Images/clip_art/respiratory_alveoli_web.jpg

References: 1, 4, 9

Alveoli Structure and Function

Alveoli Structure and Function

Structure

• Arranged in grape like clusters

•Thin walls (1 cell thick )

•Densely covered with blood capillaries

•Moist walls

Function

• Increase surface area for gas exchange

•Rate of diffusion of O2 and CO2 increased between alveoli and blood

•Large contact area between alveoli and blood supply

•Aids rate of diffusion of gases

References: 4

LobesLobes

SECTIONS: Right lung has 3,

left lung has 2 Opening for air to

move in and out

References: 1, 3

SECTIONS: Right lung has 3,

left lung has 2 Opening for air to

move in and out

References: 1, 3IMAGE: http://www.le.ac.uk/pathology/teach/va/anatomy/case2/frmst2.html

PleuraPleura

2 membranes with fluid in between

Surround each lobe of lungs

Separate lung from chest wall

Holds lung to wall, which allows lung to expand

Pleural effusion - too much fluid

References: 1, 8

2 membranes with fluid in between

Surround each lobe of lungs

Separate lung from chest wall

Holds lung to wall, which allows lung to expand

Pleural effusion - too much fluid

References: 1, 8

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

IMAGE: http://www.aurorahealthcare.org/healthgate/images/si55551434.jpg

Blood VesselsBlood Vessels PULMONARY ARTERY

takes deoxygenated blood to capillaries

Gas exchange (passive diffusion) between CAPILLARIES and alveoli

PULMONARY VEIN takes oxygenated blood away from capillaries

References: 1, 3

PULMONARY ARTERY takes deoxygenated blood to capillaries

Gas exchange (passive diffusion) between CAPILLARIES and alveoli

PULMONARY VEIN takes oxygenated blood away from capillaries

References: 1, 3

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/37/92937-034-1E4EA526.jpg

Gas Exchange

Lung Animations From Youtube!

Lung Animations From Youtube!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d-f3RL0KiUg&feature=PlayList&p=0850BBABD41573E1&index=3 (watch whole video)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HiT621PrrO0 (watch from 50 seconds on)

Cilia animation located on Cilia slide

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d-f3RL0KiUg&feature=PlayList&p=0850BBABD41573E1&index=3 (watch whole video)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HiT621PrrO0 (watch from 50 seconds on)

Cilia animation located on Cilia slide

BibliographyBibliography1. "How Lungs Work." LungUSA.org. American Lung Association, 2009. Web. 9 Nov. 2009.

<http://www.lungusa.org/your-lungs/how-lungs-work/>.

2. "Human Physiology - Respiration." People.eku.edu. Eastern Kentucky University. Web. 9 Nov. 2009.

<http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/301notes6.htm>.

3. "Anatomy & Physiology of the Respiratory System." Le.ac.uk. University of Leicester. Web. 9 Nov. 2009.

<http://www.le.ac.uk/pa/teach/va/anatomy/case2/frmst2.html>.

4. "Alveoli." Coolschool.ca. BC Learning Network. Web. 9 Nov. 2009.

<http://www.coolschool.ca/lor/BI12/unit11/U11L03.htm>.

5. "Anatomy and Function of the Normal Lung." Thoracic.org. American Thoracic Society, 2009. Web. 9 Nov. 2009.

<http://www.thoracic.org/sections/copd/for-patients/anatomy-and-function-of-the-normal-lung.html>.

6. "Mucus." Sinuswars.com. Sinus Wars, 2009. Web. 9 Nov. 2009. <http://www.sinuswars.com/mucus.asp>.

7. "Human Respiration." Britannica.com. Encyclopedia Britannica, 2009. Web. 9 Nov. 2009.

<http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/499530/human-respiration/66130/Structural-design-of-the-airway-tree>.

8. Stitham, Sean O., and Benjamin Medoff. "Pleural Effusion." National Library of Medicine. 29 Aug 2008. National Institutes

of Health, Web. 9 Nov 2009. <http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000086.htm>.

9. Starr, Cecie, and Ralph Taggart. Biology, The Unity and Diversity of Life. 9th edition. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole, 2001