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The Implementation Stage

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The Learning Pyramid

By Permission: Yin (2004)

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Training Delivery Methods

Three basic categories:

On-the-Job Training

Classroom Training Self-Paced Training

Note: Computer-based training can be in a classroom,or individual/self-paced.

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On-the-Job Training (OJT)

Job instruction training (JIT)

Job rotation

Coaching Mentoring

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Job Instruction Training (JIT)

Prepare the worker

Presentthe task

Practice the task Follow-up

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Job Rotation

Train on different tasks/positions

Often used to train entry-level managers

Also used to provide back-up inproduction positions

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Coaching and Mentoring

Coaching between worker and

supervisor

y Can provide specific performance

improvement and correction

Mentoring senior employee paired with

a junior employee (protg)

y Helps to learn the ropesy Prepares protg for future advancement

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Classroom Training Approaches

Five basic types:

Lecture

Discussion

Audiovisual Media

Experimental Methods

Self-Paced or Computer-Based Training

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Lecture

Oral presentation of material

y Some visual aids can be added

Remains a very popular trai

ning method

y Transfers lots of information quickly

Interesting lectures can work well

Good to supplement with other materials

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Discussion

Two-way communication

Use questions to control lesson

Direct: produce narrow responses Reflective: mirror what was said

Open-Ended: challenge learners to

increase understanding

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Audiovisual Media

Brings visual senses (seeing) into play,

along with audio senses (hearing)

Types:

y Static Media

y Dynamic Media

y Telecommunications

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Static Media

Printed materials

y Lecture notes

y Work aids

y Handouts

Slides e.g., PowerPoint

Overhead transparencies

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Dynamic Media

Audio cassettes

CDs

Film Videotape

Video disc

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Telecommunications

Instructional TV

Teleconferencing

Videoconferencing

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Experiential Training

Case studies

Business game simulations

Role Playing Behavior Modeling

Outdoor training

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Case Study Considerations

Specific instructional objectives

Case approach objectives

Attributes of particular case Learner characteristics

Instructional timing

Training e

nviro

nme

nt

Facilitators characteristics

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Business Game Simulations

Computerized versus manual

y Operational

y Financial

y Resource bound

In-basket exercise

y Setting priorities

y Time-driven decision making

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Role Playing

Self discovery; use of interpersonal skills

a plus

Some trainees are better actors

Transfer to job can be difficult

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Behavior Modeling

Used mainly for interpersonal skills

training

Practice target behavior

Get immediate feedback (video, among

other media)

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Outdoor Training

Ropes courses, etc.

Can facilitate teamwork

Focus o

ngroup problem ide

ntificatio

n,problem solving

Often good for team building

Fun but is it effective training?

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Computer-Based Training (CBT)

Interactive with user

Training when and where user wants it

Trainee has greater control over progress

CBT can provide progress reports and be

tailored to specific instructional objectives

Trainee works on own with minimal

facilitation by instructor who is elsewhere

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E-learning

Intranety Internal to site/organization

Internety General communications

y Online reference

y Needs assessment, administration, testing

y Distribution of CBT

y Delivery of multimedia

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Implementing Training

Depends on:

yObjectives

yResourcesyTrainee characteristics