1

IABSE Conference – Shanghai 2009

1

Lillebælt Bridge, 1935

Storstrøm Bridge, 1937

Møn Bridge, 1943

2

The missing link:

StorebæltGreat Belt

3Great Belt Bridge Project 1936

4

2

Great Belt BridgeProject 1978

5

Railway Tunnel

Final Great Belt Link Design 1989

East Bridge

West Bridge

ZealandFunen

6

7 8

3

9 10

11 12

4

13 14

15 16

5

17 18

19

The GREAT BELT LINKOpened to traffic: 14 June 1998

20

6

Øresund

21

Øresund Bridge Project 193622

Final Øresund Link Design 1993

Copenhagen

Malmö

23 24

7

25 26

27 28

8

29 30

Femern

31

Copenhagen-Hamburgvia Great Belt:

450 km450 km

Copenhagen-Hamburgvia Femern Belt:

~300 km300 km

32

9

33

Femern Lolland

Feasibility study 1999

Bridge for road and rail traffic; length 18.6 km

Femern Lolland

Immersed tunnel for road and rail traffic; length 18.5 km

34

Feasibility study 1999Preferred bridge solution

35

Feasibility study 1999Suspension bridge solution

36

10

Final Design ?

37

State-of-the-art climatic wind-tunnelResearch project at the Technical University of Denmark and Force Technology

Sponsored by Femern Belt Link

38

state-of-the-art climatic wind-tunnel 20m x 8m closed-circuit

25 m/sec mean wind velocity (min) with turbulence grid and flaps at -5 deg C

40 m/sec mean velocity (min) without cooling elements

Water spray capabilities (simulated rain) for rain and ice

2mx2m section minimum to allow for a maximum of 10% blockage on

a 200mm wide cable or bridge section

Consistency of flow characteristics for both smooth and turbulent flow

Full turbulence spectrum (within reason) achieved through turbulence generators

Approx. 1 MW tunnel power consumption

39

Improved durability of reinforced concreteResearch project at the Technical University of DenmarkSponsored by Femern Belt Link

10mm

Future protection:

FRC (fiber reinforced concrete)

FRP reinforcement (~ carbon fiber)

ECC ( i d ti it )

R/C

10mm

ECC (engineered cementious composite)

R/ECC40

11

Consulting Engineers for the Femern Link tender design:

Bridge option:• COWI Denmark

• OBERMEYER Germany

• Leonhardt, Andrä und Partner (subconsultant) Germany

• Dissing+Weitling (architects) Denmark.

Tunnel option:Tunnel option:• Ramboll Denmark

• Arup UK

• TEC (Tunnel Engineering Consultants) Holland

41