International Civil Aviation Organization
ICAO and New Initiatives
Involving Dangerous Goods
Katherine Rooney
Chief, Dangerous Goods Section
ICAO, Montréal
FIATA World Congress, Los Angeles, 8-10 October 2012
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An overview
• CMA and Annex 18
• Competency frameworks
• Technical Instructions 2013-2014 edition
– Lithium batteries
• Security
FIATA, Los Angeles
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Continuous monitoring approach
• Development of universal safety oversight audit programme
• “Promoting global aviation safety by continuously monitoring and updating the safety oversight capabilities of all ICAO member states”
• All safety based annexes
– Annex 18
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Transport Supply Chain
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11.1 Inspection systems
Each Contracting State shall establish inspection, surveillance and enforcement procedures for all entities performing any function prescribed in its regulations for air transport of dangerous goods with a view of achieving compliance with those regulations.
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Competency
“A combination of skills, knowledge and attitudes required to perform a task to the prescribed standard”
ICAO Doc 9868 - PANS-Training
10 October 2012
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Competency-based approach
1. Define the end-state first – competencies to be achieved
2. Reverse-engineer training and assessment based on the end-state
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Competency based training
• Oriented to performance
• Emphasis on measureable standards of performance
• Development of training to specified performance standards
• Framework
– Units/Elements/Performance criteria
– Evidence and assessment guide
FIATA, Los Angeles
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Benefits
10 October 2012
• Focus on:
– job performance
– the adult learner
• Observable and measurable
• Adaptable
• Structures and reduces OJT
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Objective
• Determine what competencies personnel of freight forwarders need to have in order to safely process dangerous goods to be offered for transport by air
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ICAO Competency Frameworks
• State Employees
• Shippers
• Postal Workers
• Operators
• Freight Forwarders
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Some important changes – 1.1.2013
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Technical Instructions
• Report of DGP/23:
• Harmonization with the Model Regulations
– Increase in EHS (UN 3077, UN 3082)
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http://www.icao.int/safety/DangerousGoods/Pages/DGP23-Report.aspx
Technical Instructions (cont’d)
• Incident and accident reporting responsibilities beyond those of the operator (1;7)
– “These entities may include, but are not limited to, freight forwarders, customs authorities and security screening providers.”
• Dangerous goods information to the flight dispatcher in addition to the pilot-in-command (7;4.1)
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Technical Instructions (cont’d)
• Restructured passenger provisions (Part 8)
• Wheelchairs and other mobility aids carried by passengers and crew (Part 8, Addendum No. 4 to the 2011-2012 Edition)
FIATA, Los Angeles 10 October 2012
Lithium batteries
FIATA, Los Angeles 10 October 2012
Lithium batteries
• Amendment to lithium battery provisions in the Technical Instructions
– DGP Working Group of the Whole on Lithium Batteries (6 to 10 February 2012)
• Exceptions from the full regulations
• Universal Postal Union
• Report:
http://www.icao.int/safety/DangerousGoods/Pages/Working-Group-of-the-
Whole-on-Lithium-Batteries.aspx
FIATA, Los Angeles 10 October 2012
Lithium batteries
Lithium metal batteries
• Also called primary lithium batteries
• Non-rechargeable (generally)
• Regulated based on lithium metal content in grams
• Used to power watches, calculators, cameras etc.
Lithium ion batteries
• Also called secondary lithium batteries
• Rechargeable
• Regulated based on Watt-hour rating
• Used to power mobile phones, laptop computers, etc.
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Potential risks
• Combination of fuel source with ignition hazard
• Increase in energy density
• Flammability hazard
• Increase in number of batteries being transported
• Test results
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Classification of lithium batteries
Lithium metal or
Lithium ion
On their own
• Lithium metal batteries
• Lithium ion batteries
Packed with equipment
• Lithium metal batteries packed with equipment
• Lithium ion batteries packed with equipment
Contained in equipment
• Lithium metal batteries packed with equipment
• Lithium ion batteries packed with equipment
2011-2012 Technical Instructions
Lithium ion
or
Lithium metal
On their own
•Packing Instruction 965 (lithium ion)
•Packing Instruction 968 (lithium metal)
Packed with equipment
•Packing Instruction 966 (lithium ion)
•Packing Instruction 969 (lithium metal)
Contained in Equipment
•Packing Instruction 967 (lithium ion)
•Packing Instruction 970 (lithium metal)
Section I: Fully regulated
Section II: Excepted from most of the requirements of the Technical Instructions
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• Section I – Meet all the requirements of the Technical
Instructions • Testing
• Packing (packaging must be UN tested)
• Labelling
• Marking
• Documentation
• Acceptance checks
• Notification to pilot-in-command
Fully regulated lithium batteries
FIATA, Los Angeles 10 October 2012
2011-2012 Technical Instructions Excepted lithium batteries
• Section II
– Excepted from most of the requirements in the Technical Instructions
• Lithium ion: cells less than 20 Wh, batteries less than 100 Wh
• Lithium metal: cells less than 1 g of lithium, batteries less than 2 g lithium
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“Bulk” shipments
• Industry shipping multiple packages of excepted lithium batteries in one consignment
• No requirement for:
– Training
– Acceptance checks
– Notification to pilot-in-command
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2013-2014 Technical Instructions New Section IB for batteries packed on their own
Lithium ion
or
Lithium metal
On their own
•Packing Instruction 965 (lithium ion)
•Packing Instruction 968 (lithium metal)
Packed with equipment
•Packing Instruction 966 (lithium ion)
•Packing Instruction 969 (lithium metal)
Contained in Equipment
•Packing Instruction 967 (lithium ion)
•Packing Instruction 970 (lithium metal)
Section IA: Fully regulated
Section IB: Fully regulated except for some packaging and documentation requirements
Section II: Excepted from most of the requirements of the Technical Instructions
Section I: Fully regulated
Section II: Excepted from most of the requirements of the Technical Instructions
FIATA, Los Angeles 10 October 2012
Benefits of Section IB
• Balance between the needs of operators, pilots, shippers and regulators
– Training
– Operator acceptance checks
– Pilot notification
– Framework for oversight and enforcement
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Future work
• Specialized training for lithium batteries
• Dangerous goods accident and incident database for all dangerous goods, including lithium batteries
• Improved hazard communication
• Outreach
• Oversight
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Lithium batteries in airmail
• Universal Postal Union (UPU)
– Modified Universal Postal Convention in 2010
– Lithium batteries contained in equipment
– Requested ICAO to align Technical Instructions
– DGP/23
– DGP WGW Lithium Batteries (6 to 10 February 2012)
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Outcome of DGP WGW LB
• Permitted in mail:
– patient specimens
– infectious substances Category B
– radioactive material (very low activity)
– lithium batteries contained in equipment
• Incident reporting
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Security
• Cargo
– High consequence dangerous goods
– High risk cargo
• Aviation Security Panel (AVSECP) and Dangerous Goods Panel (DGP) – joint task force
• Supply chain
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Contact details
Katherine Rooney Chief, Dangerous Goods Section International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) 999 University Street, Montréal, Quebec H3C 5H7, Canada Tel.: +1 514-954-8099 Fax: +1 514-954-6077 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.icao.int http://www.icao.int/safety/DangerousGoods/Pages/default.aspx
FIATA, Los Angeles 10 October 2012
