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ADJUST INDIRECT FIRE 061-283-6003

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ELEMENTS OF THE CALL FOR FIRE

1. OBSERVER IDENTIFICATION2. WARNING ORDER3. TARGET LOCATION4. TARGET DESCRIPTION5. METHOD OF ENGAGEMENT6. METHOD OF FIRE AND CONTROL

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THE THREE TRANSMISSIONS

1. OBSERVER IDENTIFICATION WARNING ORDER2. TARGET LOCATION3. DESCRIPTION OF TARGET, METHOD OF ENGAGEMENT, AND METHOD OF FIRE AND CONTROL

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EXAMPLE OF A CALL FOR FIRE

1. A57 THIS IS A71,ADJUST FIRE, OVER

2. GRID, AJ396701, DIR 2400, OVER

3. TANK IN OPEN, OVER

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TARGET LOCATION I

The location will begiven in a six or eightdigit grid including theGrid Zone Identifier.Also include a directionfrom you to the target inmils, degrees or a cardinal direction.

Example of directions2400 mils170 degreesSouthwestMils is always assumed

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TARGET LOCATION II

A target location can also be given as a polar location.

That is done by given a direction anddistance to the target from your location

Example:

DIRECTION 175 DEGREES, DISTANCE 2400, OVER

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TARGET DESCRIPTION

1. What the target is ( troops, equipment, trucks).

2. What the target is doing (digging in).

3. The number of elements in the target (squad, platoon, three trucks).

4. Degree of protection (in open, in foxhole).

5. The target size and shape if significant.

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METHOD OF ENGAGEMENT I

The method of engagement is used by the trainedobserver to let FDC know how he wants to engage the target.

For the purpose of this class, this area will not becovered in great detail.

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METHOD OF ENGAGEMENT IIIf the target is within 600 meters of your locationor the location of friendly troops, you will includeDANGER CLOSE in your call for fire

EXAMPLE:

TANK IN THE OPEN, DANGER CLOSE, OVER

600 METERS

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METHOD OF FIRE AND CONTROL

The method of fire and control is used by the trainedobserver to let FDC know how he wants to engage the target.

For the purpose of this class, this area will not becovered.

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CORRECTIONS OF ERRORS

If the observer realizes that he has made an error inhis transmission or that FDC has made an error in the readback, he announces CORRECTION and transmits the correct data.

EXAMPLE

The observer transmitted LEFT 200, ADD 400, OVER.He then realizes that he should have sent DROP 400.To correct this element, he sends CORRECTIONLEFT 200, DROP 400, OVER. The observer must readback the entire subelement.

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Situation 1

You have 2 tanks in the tree line at grid AJ560812Direction to the tanks is 155 degrees at a distance of 2000 meters. Your call sign is H99 and FDCis B39. Formulate your call for fire.

B39 THIS IS H99, ADJUST FIRE, OVER.

GRID AJ560812, OVER.

DIRECTION 155 DEGREES.

2 TANKS IN TREE LINE,OVER.

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Situation 2

You have a squad of infantry soldiers moving onyour position at grid AK307998. They are Northwest from your OP at about 500 meters.You are N24 and FDC is R81. Formulate your call for fire.

R81 THIS IS N24, ADJUST FIRE, OVER.

GRID AK307998, DIRECTION NW, OVER.

INFANTRY SQUAD IN THE OPEN,

DANGER CLOSE, OVER.

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Situation 3

You see a company assembly area in a valley.The distance to the target 3000 meters at a directionof 1730 mils. Your call sign G81 and FDC is P66.

Formulate your call for fire.

P66 THIS IS G81, ADJUST FIRE, OVER.

DIR 1730, DIS 3000, OVER.

COMPANY ASSEMBLY AREA IN THE OPEN, OVER.

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Message To Observer

After FDC receives the callfor fire, it determines howthe target will be attacked.The decision is announcedto the observer in the form of a message toobserver or MTO.The MTO consists of 4 items:

1. Units to fire2. Changes to the call for fire3. Number of rounds4. Target number

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EXAMPLE OF AN MTOThe battalion call sign is A8T36Battery A call sign is R6G36No changes to the call for fire are made.FDC wants to shot 4 rounds per tube and wants to shot VT (Variable Time).The MTO would be:

T, G, VT IN EFFECT, 4 ROUNDS, OVER.

The observer reads back the MTO:

T, G, VT IN EFFECT, 4 ROUNDS, OUT.

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ADJUSTING PHASEKEY ELEMENTS

1. The observer-target (OT) Factor 2. Spotting3. Corrections

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OT FACTORThe OT factor is based on the distance fromyou to the target and is used to compute thecorrection that you are going to send to FDC.

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Computing the OT Factor

Distance to target: 4200 metersDistance expressed to the nearest thousand: 4000Divide by 1000=OT factor of 4

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Range Spotting

Over

Short

Left Right

OT Line

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DEVIATION SPOTTING I

We can tell if the round is over or short of the targetbut we must be able to correct left and right tobring the round on the target. This can be done twoways. First by using the Reticle Pattern on the Binos.

This example showsthat the round has impacted 50 milsto the left of the target

Do not send any correctionsof 30 meters or less!!!

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DEVIATION SPOTTING IISecond we can use hand Measurements

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Adjusting the RoundThe distance to the target is 4000 meters.

OT factor is 4

Round impacted 50 mils left of the target

The correction isright 200

50(mils) x 4(OT)= 200

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Range Corrections I

OT Line

First we want to bracket the target by having one roundover and one round short. The first round impacted overthe target so the correction would be DROP 400.

You alwayswant to use a 400 meterbracket.

1st Correctionadd/drop 4002nd Correctionadd/drop 2003rd Correctionadd/drop 1004th Correctionadd/drop 50FIRE FOR EFFECT

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Range Corrections II

OT Line

The second round impacted short of the targetso the correction would be ADD 200.

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Practical Exercise 1

The distance to the target 2200 metersThe 1st round impacted 40mils to the right of the target. What is your correction?

LEFT 80, DROP 400

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Practical Exercise 2

The distance to the target 3500 metersThe 2nd round impacted 10mils to the left of the target. What is your correction?

RIGHT 30, ADD 200

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FFE PHASE

Your 3rd round has impacted and your nextcorrection will be add 50 FFE. You will now get 6 to 8 rounds impacting on the target

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At the completion of the FFE we must determine whateffects we had on the target and send an End of Mission(EOM) to the FDC. Tell FDC what happened.

Example: TANK BURNING, END OF MISSION, OVER.

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