Index [application.wiley-vch.de] a A →1 ... Bachmannprocess(RDX-Synthesis) 69 ballisticbomb 19...

Josef Köhler and Axel Homburg: Explosives — 2016/2/8 — page 395 — le-tex

395

Index

aA→ 1-black blasting powder 34A→ bridgewire detonator A (german.

now obsolete) 40A→ composition A 62AA = anti-aircraft A-IX-2=

RDX/aluminum/wax 73/23/4abattage par chambre de mine =

coyote blasting 63Abbrand = combustion 60Abbrandgeschwindigkeit = burning

rate 44abbrennen = to burn down 74Abel’s equation 19Abel test 1, 181abkerben, abspalten→ smooth

blasting 63Ablonite= french commercial

explosiveabschlagen einer Sprengladung→ cut

off 66Absperrzone = blast area 35Abstand; Sicherheitsabstand = safety

distance 139Abstandsberechnung → scaled

distance 283abstechen→ dismantling 74Abstichladung = jet tapper 199Acardite→ Akardite 7accessoires pour le sautage= blasting

accessoires 35acceptor 1Accord Européen relatif au Transport

International des MarcharndisesDangereuses par Route→ A. D. R.2,70

α-cellulose content 229

acétate-dinitrate de glycérine 151acetone peroxide = tricycloacetone

peroxide 258, 354acétylacétonate de ter 197Acetyldinitroglycerin 151acétylsalicylate de plomb 200Acetylensilber; acétylure d’argent 290acide picramique 260acide picrique 260acide styphnique 306acide trinitrobenzoique 361acquisition, handling and storing 139Acremite 1Active Binder→ Energetic Binder 119,

154, 211, 263, 266ADR 2, 69A.D.C. test = Adreer double cartridge

(gap test)ADN = Ammonium dinitramide 11,

332adiabatic 1adobe charge =mud capping 2, 224Aeroplex K = solid rocket propellant

based on KClO4 and resinAeroplex N = solid rocket propellant

based on NH4ClO4 and resinAerozin = hydrazine/dimethyl-

hydrazine 50/50 2A-E= single base powderAGARD 2Airbag 2, 149air blast 6airloader 6Akardit I, II, III 7, 8, 163, 301, 332Akremit→ Acremite 1Albanite = propellant based on→

DINA 112

Explosives, 7. Edition, Rudolf Meyer, Josef Köhler, and Axel Homburg.©2015WILEY-VCHVerlagGmbH&Co.KGaA.Published2015byWILEY-VCHVerlagGmbH&Co.KGaA.


Index 396

Alex 8Alex 20 = → composition B plus

20% aluminumalginates 8aliphatic nitramines 67, 127, 136, 175all fire 8allumage spontané = pre-ignition 271allumer= to inflame 193allumeur 185Almatrity = russian trade name for

chlorate and perchlorate explosivesAlumatol= AN/TNT/aluminum

77/20/3aluminum oxide 337aluminum powder 9, 10, 221, 222Amatex 9Amatol 9Amilol= diamylphthalate 92aminoguanidinnitrate→ tetracene

315Ammodyte = powder from

commercial explosive (USA)Ammoksil (Ammokcil; Ammonxyl) =

russian name for the mixtureAN/trinitroxylene/aluminum82/12/6

Ammonal= powder form commercialexplosive

ammoniinaya selitra= ammoniumnitrate (russian)

ammonium azide 10ammonium chlorate 58ammonium chloride 11, 247, 332ammonium dichromate 11Ammonium dinitramide 11, 332ammonium nitrate 12, 13, 16, 35, 127,

163, 222, 246, 324, 332Ammonium Nitrate Emulsion (ANE) 14ammonium nitrate explosive 13, 16ammonium oxalate 332ammonium perchlorate 14, 62, 166,

246, 247, 332ammonium picrate 16Ammonpek = AN/tar 93/5 (russian)Ammonpulver = ammonium nitrate

containing gun powder, nowobsolete (german)

Ammonsalpeter = ammonium nitrate12

Ammonsalpeter-Sprengstoffe =ammonium nitrate based explosives13, 166, 205

amorçage= priming 273amorce à pont= birdge-wire

detonator 40amorce électrique à l’étincelle= spark

detonator 297amorces 16, 253, 294AN = ammonium nitrate 13analyse thermique différentielle =

differential thermal analysis 96ANC= ANFO (german) 16ANE→ Ammonium Nitrate Emulsion

14ANF-58 = liquid fuel for rocket motors,

say octane (USA)ANFO= ammonium nitrate fuel oil 13,

16, 166, 205angle shot mortar test 274Anilite=mixture of N2O4 and butane

(french)A: nitrocellulose powderAnlaufstrecke = detonation

development distance 88Antenne→ bus wire 46antigrisouteux→ permitted explosives

254antilueur=muzzle flash damping

additive (french)antimony (in delay compositions) 73anwürgen = crimping 65anzünden = to inflame 193Anzünder = squib 185, 300Anzündhütchen = amorce 16, 253,

294Anzündkette = igniter train 186Anzündlitze = igniter cord 186Anzündlitzenverbinder = igniter cord

connectors 186Anzündschraube = fuze head 149Anzündverzug = functioning time

148APC= ammonium perchlorate 14APU 16aquarium test 17, 304Arbeitsvermögen = strength 303area ratio= propellant area ratio

(“Klemmung”) 274


397 Index

Argol= crude potassium hydrogentartrate =muzzle flash dampingadditive

argon flash 17armor plate impact test 17, 273Armstrong blasting method 18aromatic nitramines 136ARRADCOM (Picatinny Arsenal) 18Arsol= trimethylene trinitrosamine

67Artillerietreibmittel→ gun powder

158as dimethylhydrazine 98ASTM= American Society for Testing

MaterialsAstrolite 18AT= anti-tank = armor piercing

weaponAthodyd = aerodynamic-thermo-

dynamic= ramjetAttrappen =mock explosives 222Audibert tube 18, 255Auflegerladung =mud cap 2, 42, 224Aunt Jemima = 80% fine ground HMX

(→ Octogen) and 20% plain, oldflour. It served for camouflagestorage of sabotage explosive inWorld War II.

Aurol = concentrated hydrogenperoxide (german) 19

Ausbauchung→ lead block test 201aushärten = curing 66ausschwitzen = exudation 139Ausströmungsgeschwindigkeit = jet

velocity 150average burning rate 19azides 10, 19, 200, 290, 354azoture d’ammonium 10azoture d’argent 290azoture de plomb 200azotures 190, 200, 290, 354

bB→ B-black powder 28, 34B→ composition B 62B→ poudre B= nitrocellulose powder

(french) 270B→ B-Stoff= german tarning name

for methanolB4 =mixture 60–70% trinitroanisol

and 30–40% aluminum (italy)

Bachmann process (RDX-Synthesis) 69ballistic bomb 19ballistic modfiers 140, 200, 206ballistic mortar 22, 36, 303Ballistite= double base powder with

high percentage of nitroglycerineball powder 25, 159BAM= Bundesanstalt für

Materialprüfung (german) 25, 144,163, 190

BAM testing methods 144, 163, 190banc d’essai = rocket test stand 279Baratols 25barium chlorate 25barium nitrate 26, 163, 332barium perchlorate 26barium sulfate 163, 337Barlow bomb =mixture of liquid

oxygen with fuelBaronal =mixture of barium nitrate

with TNT and aluminum 50/35/15barricade 26base bleed propellants 28base charge 28bâtiment habite = inhabited building

139Bazooka 28B-black blasting powder 28, 34Bengal fire works→ pyrotechnical

compositions 277Benzit = trinitrobenzene (german)

360benzoyl peroxide 28Bergbau-Versuchsstrecke = german

institution for testing and amittanceof permissible explosives,detonators and accessories 363

Bergmann–Junk-test 29, 181Bernoulli’s equation 296Berstscheibe = safety diaphragm 281Berthollet’s detonating silver 291Besatz = stemming 302Beschußempfindlichkeit = bullet

impact sensitivity 42, 273, 279bewohntes Gebäude = inhabited

building 139BF-125; -154 = polysulfide binder

propellant (thiokol)BGO; BGY; BIC; BID; BIE; BIL; BIM; BIP;

BLB; BLC: various castable doublebase propellants (USA)


Index 398

Bichel bomb 30, 364Bickford’s safety fuse 281bilan d’oxygène = oxygen balance

247Bildungs-Energie-Enthalpie= forma-

tion energy (enthalpy) 120, 332billet 30binder 30binary explosives→ Astrolite, Hydan

14, 182bipropellant 196bis-cyclopentadienyl-Eisen =

ferrocene 140bis(2,2-Dinitro propyl)acetal, BDNPA

31bis(2,2-Dinitro propyl)acetal/formal,

BDNPA/F 31bishydroxylammonium5,5′-bis-

(tetrazolate-1N-oxide) 32bis(nitramino)triazinone 32BITA= aziridine curing agent 30bi-trinitroethylnitramine 30bi-trinitroethylurea 34BKW = Becker KistiakowskyWilson

state equationblack powder 28, 34, 121, 277Blättchenpulver→ gun powder 158Blasgeräte= air loaders; also→

pneumatic placing 6, 263blast area 35blast effect 6blaster; shot firer 35, 290blasting accessories 35blasting agent 13, 16, 35, 36, 42, 193,

195, 260blasting galvanometer = circuit tester

58bullet squib 42blasting gelatin 22, 36, 144, 205blasting machines 36, 40blasting mat 37blasting soluble nitrocotton 229blasting switch 38Bleiacetylsalicylat 200Bleiethylhexanoat 206Bleiazid 200Bleiblockausbauchung = lead block

test 201Bleinitrat 206Blei-Trizinat 207BN = barium nitrate 26

Böllerpulver→ black powder 34Bohrlochabstand = spacing 296Bohrlochpfeife = bootleg 39Bohrpatrone (german) = 100 g

press-molded cylindrical charge ofTNT

Boloron =mixture of concentratednitric acid and dinitrochlorobenzene(Austria) 209

bomb drop test 38bombe Bichel 30bombe Crawford 65bombe pour essais balistiques 19Bonit =mixtures of RDX, TNT with and

without aluminum (swedish)boom powder 38booster 39, 92, 117booster sensitivity test 39bootleg 39Boronite A, B, C=mixtures of AN, TNT

and boronBorotorpex = castable mixture of RDX,

TNT and boron, e. g., 46/44/10 (USA)boss 39bouclier contre l’érosion= flame shield

142Boudouard equilibrium 328, 342boullies= slurries 293, 365bourrage= stemming 302bourrage à l’eau=water stemming

365bourroir 311boutefeu = blaster; shot firer 35, 290BP= russian abbreviation name for→

shaped chargesBPZ russian denomination for hollow

charges with incendiary effectbranchement en parallèle= parallel

connection 248break 39break test 256breech 40Brenngeschwindigkeit = burning rate

44Brennkammer = case; combustion

chamber 60Brennschluß = end of burning 119Brennschlußgeschwindigkeit =

endburning velocity 119Brennstoff = fuel 146bridgewire detonators 40, 92


399 Index

brisance 41, 82, 370Brückenzünder = bridgewire

detonator 40brulage= combustion 60brûlage regressive = regressive

burning 277B-Stoff= german tarning name for

methylalcoholBSX = 1,7-diacetoxy-2,4,6-tetra-

methylene-2,4,6-trinitramineBTM = castable mixture of Tetryl, TNT

and aluminum 55/25/20BTNENA= bi-trinitroethylnitramine

30BTNEU= bi-trinitroethylurea 34BTTN = butanetriol trinitrate 47bulk density 41bulk mix; bulk mix delivery equipment

41bulk powder = porous nitrocellulose

powder for huntingbulk strength 42, 303bulldoze=mudcap 42bullet impact 195bullet resistant 42bullet sensitive explosive material 43bullet hit squib 42Bundesanstalt für Materialprüfung;

BAM 25, 144, 163, 190burden 43Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and

Firearms 43Bureau of Explosives 43Bureau of Mines 372burning chamber→ combustion

chamber 60burning rate 19, 44, 60, 65, 124bus wire 46Butarez = carboxy terminated

poly-butadiene (german)butanetriol trinitrate 47BWC = board wood cellulose (UK)BZ = russian abbreviation for armor

piercing charges with incendiaryeffect

cC→ composition C 62CA1 = nitrocellulose 12% N for

lacquers 228CA2 = nitrocellulose 11–12,5% N for

blasting gelatin (french)

calcium carbonate 332, 337calcium nitrate 47, 333calcium potassium styphnate 48calcium stearate 333calculation of explosives and gun

powders 321calorimetric bomb 162camphor; camphre 49, 163, 301, 333Candelilla wax 163cannon (testing device in test galleries)

255caps, detonating 193, 195, 200, 260cap sensitivity; cap test 49capacitator (blasting) machines 36Carbamite = ethylcentralite 56Carbitol= diethylenglycol

monoethylether (USA)carbazol= tetranitrocarbazol 313carbon black 163carbon dioxide 337carbon oxide 337carboxyl-terminated polybutadiene

62, 335cardial medicine 125, 199Cardox blasting process 52, 149cartouche= cartridge 52cartridge 52cartridge density 53cartridge strength 53case= combustion chamber 60case bonding 53, 114, 295caseless ammunition 54casting of explosives 55casting of propellants 55Catergol= catalytic decomposing

rocket propellant (e. g., hydrazine)cavity effect 287CBI= clean burning igniter (USA)CBS= plastic explosive composed of

84% RDX, 16% butyl stearate plus1,5 stabilizer

CBS-132 K; -163 A= composite rocketpropellants (USA)

C.C.= collodion cotton=nitrocellulose 11–12% N (UK) 227

C.C.-propellants = “Cyclonit cannon”=RDX containing gun powders (USA)

CDB-propellants = combinedcomposite and double base rocketpropellants (german)


Index 400

CDT (80)= castable double basepropellant (USA)

CE= Tetryl (UK) 316CEF= tri-β-chloroethylphosphateCellamite= ammonium nitrate

industrial explosive (french)cellular explosive = foam explosive

with closed cavities (USA)Celluloidwolle= nitrocellulose with

about 11% N (german)Cellulose Acetate Butyrate, CAB 55Cellulosenitrat→ nitrocellulose 227Centralit I, II, III= stabilizers (german)

56, 57, 158, 163, 301, 333Centralite TA= ammonium nitrate

industrial explosive (Belgium)CH4, methane, fire damp 254Chakatsuyaku = TNT (Japan) 342chaleur de combustion= heat of

combustion 162chaleur de formation= energy of

formation 120chaleur d’explosion= heat of

explosion 162chaleur partielle d’explosion= partial

heat of explosion 163chambre de combustion 60chambre de mine, abattage par=

coyote blasting 64channel effect 58chantier de tir= blast area 35Chapman–Jouguet point 83Charbonniers equation 45, 295charcoal 34charge creuse = hollow charge;

shaped charge 66, 287charge d’armorcage= primer charge

273charge de base = base charge 28charge excitatrice= donor charge 116charges génératrices de gaz= gas

generating units 3, 149charges nucléaires = nuclear chargescharge réceptrice = acceptor charge 1chargeurs pneumatiques = air loaders

6Chauyaku = RDX (Japan) 67Cheddite = chlorate explosive (swiss)Chemecol blasting process 148Chilesalpeter = sodium nitrate

(german) 294

chlorate de barium 25chlorate de potassium 268chlorate de sodium 294chlorate explosives 58chlorodinitrobenzene 100chlorotrifluoride 246chlorure d’ammonium 11chlorure de picryle 362Chornyi porokh = black powder

(russian) 34chromite de cuivre 63“cigarette”-burning 58, 140circuit en série 287circuit parallele 287circuit tester 58C–J= Chapman–Jouguet-condition→ detonation 78

CL20 = Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzi-tane 175

class A; class B; class C explosives 59class I, II, III= german safety classes for

permitted explosives 256clearing blasts in oil and gas wells 77Cloratita= chlorate explosive (spanish)

58closed vessel 19coal-cement pipe, detonation

transmission in 85coal dust 59, 333coated= surface smoothed

propellant;→ ball powder 25coefficient of detonation transmission

85coefficient de selfexitation→

sympathetic detonation 85coefficient d’utilisation pratique c.u.p.

(french)→ lead block test 201collodion→ nitrocellulose 227Collodiumwolle= nitrocellulose

12–12,6% N (german)column charge 59comburant= oxidizer 246combustibility 59combustible= fuel 146combustible cartridge cases 60combustion 60combustion chamber 60combustion érosive = erosive burning

124combustion heat 162


401 Index

combustion-modifying additive 140,197, 200, 206

combustion of explosives 74commande de tir= blasting switch 38commercial explosives 61compatibility 61compatibility testing 372composite propellants 14, 61, 140,

197, 200, 206composition A etc. 62composition B etc. 62composition C etc. 63compositions I, II 63composition lumineuse = illuminant

composition 188, 351compositions pyrotechniques 277compositions retardatrices = delay

compositions 73confined detonation velocity 63confinement 63, 302consommation specifique d’explosifs= explosive loading factor 134

contained detonating fuse 63conventional explosive performance

data 323cook off = premature inflammation

(→ caseless ammunition) 54copperchromite 63Copper(I) 5-Nitrotetrazolate 65cordeau Bickford = detonating fuse of

lead coated TNTcordeau détonant = detonating cord

63, 77, 221cordeau détonant gainé= contained

detonating fuse 63corde d’allumage= igniter cord 186Cordite = double base gun powder

(UK) 64Corpent = PETN 259Coruscatives = Delay Compositions

64, 73cotton fibres 227coulée de charges des projectiles =

casting of explosives 55coulée de propergol = casting of

propellants 55coyote blasting 64, 77CP1 BFP = nitrocellulose 13% N 227CP2= nitrocellulose 11,7–12,2% NCP SD= nitrocellulose 11,6% N

(french)

crater method 304Crawford bomb 65crésylite=mixture of trinitrocresol and

picric acid (french)crimping 65critical diameter 65CR-propellants = RDX containing rifle

powders (USA)cross section ratio→ propellant area

ratio 274crusher 150, 370C.T.D.= coefficent of detonation

transmission (coefficient de selfexitation) (french) 85

CTPB= carboxyl-terminatedpolybutadiene (USA) 61, 335

cumulative priming 65c.u.p. = coefficient d’utilisation

pratique (french) 202cuprene 52cupric salicylate 163curing 66cushion blasting 66cutt off 66cutting charge 66, 287C.W.= nitrocellulose 10–12% N

(german) 227cyanur triazide 67Cyclofive= RDX/Fivonite 53/47

(→page 312) (USA)Cyclonite= RDX = Hexogen 34, 62,

63, 68, 117, 136, 144, 166, 191, 205,212, 259, 333, 348, 351

Cyclops= high energetic rocketpropellant

Cyclopentadienyl-Eisen = Ferrocene140

cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine =HMX= Octogen 136, 144, 212, 243,246, 259, 335

Cyclotol= RDX-TNT mixture (USA) 67cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine = RDX= Cyclonite= Hexogen 177

cyclotrimethylenetrinitrosamine 67Cylinder Expansion Test 68

dD-1; D-2= phlegmatizer for explosives= 84% paraffin wax, 14%nitrocellulose and 2% lecithine

DADE = DADNE=1,1-Diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene 90


Index 402

DADNPh= diazodinitrophenol 92Daisy Cutter = BLU-82→ GSX 155danger d’explosion en masse =mass

explosion risk 214danger d’inflammation=

combustibility 59dangerous goods regulations 69DAP= diamylphthalate 90, 163DATNB; DATE= diaminotrinitro-

benzeneDautrichemethod 70, 77, 88DBP= dibutylphthalate 163DBS= dibutylsebacate 163DBT =mixture of dinitrobenzene and

TNT (russian)DBT = dibutyltartrate 163DBX = depth bomb explosive (USA)

70DBX-1 64DCDA = dicyanodiamideDD=mixture of picric acid and

dinitrophenol (french)DDNP= diazodinitrophenol 92D: DNT addeddéblai =muckpile 223decade counter (chronograph) 88décapitation de la charge = cut of 66deflagration 72, 78, 84, 255deflagration point 72DEGDN, DEGN = diethyleneglycol

dinitrate 94degressiver Abbrand = regressive

burning 277Delaborierung = dismantling of

ammunition 114delay; delay compositions 64, 73delay fuze 73delayed initiation; delayed

inflammation 73dense prills 13densité 74densité de cartouche= cartridge

density 53densité de chargement = loading

density 210density 41, 81, 211Dentex =mixture of RDX/DNT/

aluminum 47/34/18 (UK)dénudation de la charge = cut off 66DEP= diethylphthalate 163dépot =magazine 213

depth charge 368DES= dimethylsebacate 163destressing blasting 75destruction of explosive materials 74,

114Detacord = small diameter detonating

cord (USA)Detaflex = detonating cord made of

DetasheetDetasheet = plate shaped flexible

explosive consisting of PETN andbinders (USA)

détonateur 36, 92détonateur à fil explosé=mild

detonating fuse 222détonateur instantané =

instantaneous detonator 40détonateur pour tir sou l’eau=water

resistant detonator 365detonating cord, detonating fuse 70,

77, 117, 195, 260, 364detonating cord connectors 78detonation 77ff.detonation development distance 89détonation par influence =

sympathetic detonation 85, 142detonation, selective 84detonation, sympathetic 85, 142detonation temperature 325detonation velocity 41, 70, 74, 87detonation wave, hydrodynamic

theory of 81détonations dans l’eau= underwater

detonations 368Detonationsgeschwindigkeit =

detonation velocity 88Detonationstemperatur = detonation

temperature 325Detonationsübertragung =

sympathetic detonation 85Detonationsverzögerer = non-electric

delay device 242Detonationswelle = detonation wave

78ff.detonator→ blasting cap 36, 92detoninooyuschii shnoor= detonating

cord (russian) 77detonierende Zündschnur,

Sprengschnur= detonating cord 77Deutsch-Französisches Forschungs-

institut St. Louis I.S.L. 197


403 Index

dextrinated (lead azide) 200Diethylendiphenylharnstoff =

Centralita 56Diethylenglykoldinitrat 94diamètre critique= critical diameter

651,1-Diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene =

DADE= DADNE 903,3′-Diaminoazoxy-4,4′furazan (DAAF)

902,6-Diamino-3,5-Dinitropyrazine-1-

Oxide 91diamylphthalate 92, 163, 301, 333diaphragme de sécurité= safety

diaphragm 281diaphragme de potection=

environmental seal 121diazodinitrophenol 92Diazol= diazodinitrophenol (german)

92DIBA = diisobutyladipate 163dibutylphthalate 93, 163, 301, 333dibutylsebacate 163dibutyltartrate 163dichromate d’ammonium 11Dichte= density 74dicyanodiamide 63, 156, 236diethyldiphenylurea = Centralit I 56,

158, 163, 301, 333diethyleneglycol dinitrate 94, 163,

208, 333diethylphthalate 163diethylsebacate 163differential thermal analysis 96diglycerol tetranitrate 96diglycoldinitrate 94, 163, 223, 367Dihydroxylammonium3,3′-dinitro-

5,5′-bis(1,2,4-triazole)-1,1′-diolate97

diisobutyl adipate 163diisocyanata de toluylène 351diluent 98Dimazin= DMH = dimethylhydrazine

982-Dimethylaminoethylazide 98dimethyldiphenylurea = Centralit II

57, 158, 163, 301, 333dimethylhydrazine 98, 333dimethylphthalate 163DINA= dioxyethylnitramine dinitrate

112

Dinal= dinitronaphthalene 105Dinamon= ammonium nitrate

explosive (Italy)Dinau= dinitroglycolurile (french) 100dinitramide 196dinitrate de butylèneglycol 46dinitrate de diethylèneglycol 94dinitrate de dioxyéthyl dinitroxamide

104dinitrate de dioxyéthylnitramine 112dinitrate d’éthanolamine 125dinitrate d’éthylène diamine 126dinitrate d’éthylnitropropanediol 230dinitrate de glycérine 152dinitrate de glycérine-dinitro

phényléther 153dinitrate de glycérine nitrolactate 153dinitrate de glycol 234dinitrate de méthylnitropropanediol =

dinitrate de nitrométhylpropanediol239

dinitrate de propylèneglycol 274dinitrate de triéthylèneglycol 354dinitrate de triméthylèneglycol 356dinitrate de

trinitrophénylglycérine-éther 153dinitrate d’hexaméthylène tétramine

169dinitrate d’isosorbitol 197dinitroaminophenol = picramic acid

2592,4-Dinitroanisole 100dinitrobenzene→

metadinitrobenzene 216dinitrobenzofuroxane 101Dinitrobenzol 216Dinitrochlorhydrin 151dinitrochlorobenzene 100dinitrocresol 106Dinitrodiethanoloxamiddinitrat 1042,4-Dinitro-2,4-Diazapentane 1032,4-Dinitro-2,4-Diazahexane3,5-Dinitro-3,5-Diazaheptane 103Dinitrodiazaalkanes (-pentane;

-hexane; -heptane) 103Dinitrodiglykol 94dinitrodimethyloxamide 104dinitro-dinitrosobenzene→ dinitrobenzofuroxane 101

dinitrodioxyethyloxamide dinitrate104


Index 404

dinitrodiphenylamine 105Dinitroethylendiamin 127dinitroethylene diamine 126Dinitroglycerin 152Dinitroglycerin nitrolactat 153Dinitrokresol 106dinitronaphthalene 105dinitroorthocresol 106dinitrophenoxyethylnitrate 107Dinitrophenylglycerinetherdinitrat

153Dinitrophenylglykolethernitrat 107dinitrophenylhydrazine 107dinitrosobenzene 1094,10-dinitro-2,6,8,12-tetraoxa-4,10-

diazaisowurtzitane 109dinitrotoluene 109, 163, 166, 333Dinitryl 153Dinol = diazodinitrophenol (german)

92dioctylphthalate 163Dioctyl Adipate 111dioxyethylnitramine dinitrate 110DIPAM= diaminohexanitrodiphenyleDIPEHN= dipentaerythritol

hexanitrate 112diphenylamine 113, 163, 301, 333Diphenylharnstoff 7diphenylphthalate 163diphenylurea; diphénylurée 7, 163diphenylurethane 112, 163, 301, 333dipicrylamine 172dipicrylsulfide 173dipicrylsulfone 174dipicrylurea 114dismantling of ammunition 74, 114distance d’évolution de détonation =

detonation development distance88

Di-(trinitroethyl)-Harnstoff;di-trinitroéthylurée 34

di-trinitroéthylnitramine 30ditching dynamite 115Dithekite = liquid explosive consisting

of nitric acid, nitrobenzene andwater (USA) 116, 209

Diver’s solution= high concentratedsolution of AN and NH3 in water;proposed as monergol

DMEDNA= dimethylethylenedinitramine (USA)

DMNA= dimethyldinitramine (USA)DMS= dimethylphthalate 163DMSO= dimethylsulfoxideDNAG= Dynamit Nobel AG, Troisdorf,

GermanyDNAP= dinitrodiazephenol 92DNB= dinitrobenzene 216DNBA= dinitrobenzaldehydeDNCB= dinitrochlorobenzene 100DNDMOxm= dinitrodimethyloxamide

104DNDMSA= dinitrodimethylsulfamideDNDPhA= dinitrodiphenylamineDNEtB= dinitroethylbenzeneDNEU= dinitroethylureaDNF= dinitrofuraneDNG= diglycerol dinitrateDNMA= dinitromethylanilineD.N.N.= dinitronaphthalene (british)

105DNPA= 2,2-dinitropropyl acrylateDNPh= dinitrophenolDNPT= dinitrosopentamethylene

tetramineDNR= dinitroresorcinolDNT= dinitrotoluene 109DNX= dinitroxylene donor charge

116DOP= dioctylphthalate 163DOS= dioctylsebacate 163double base propellants 7, 56, 95, 116,

158, 200, 206, 211, 220douilles combustibles= combustible

cartridge cases 60DOV= distilled of vitriol = H2SO4 96%

(UK)downline 78DPA= diphenylamine 105DPEHN= dipentaerythrol hexanitrate

112DPhA= diphenylamine 105DPP= diphenylphthalate 163Drehgriffmaschine = twist knob

blasting machine 37dreibasiges Pulver = triple-base gun

powderdrop test→ bomb drop test 38Druck, spezifischer = specific energy

297Druckexponent = pressure exponent

45, 296


405 Index

Druckkochen = boiling under pressure(→ nitrocellulose) 228

Druckluft-Ladeverfahren = pneumaticplacing 263

Druckluft-Sprengverfahren =Armstrong blasting process 18

Drucksprung→ hydrodynamic theoryof detonation 78ff.

Druckstoßwirkung = air blast 6Drucktränksprengen = pulsed infusion

shotfiring 276Druckwelle = shock wave; air blast 6,

81DTA = differential thermal analysis 96Düse = nozzle 243Dunnit = ammonium picrate (USA) 11dutch test 116Duxita= RDX phlegmatized with 3%

castor oil (Italy)dwell time 117dynamic vivacity 20Dynamit-Collodiumwolle=

gelatinizing nitrocellulose fordynamites 229

Dynamite LVD= low velocity explosive117

Dynamite MVD=medium velocityexplosive 117

Dynamite gomme= blasting gelatin(french) 36

Dynamites 117

eE→ E-process (RDX synthesis) 69E→ E-Wolle= ester soluble

nitrocotton (german) 229EBW= exploding bridgewire

detonator (USA) 132écran = barricade 29Ecrasit; Ekrasit= picric acid; in France:= ammonium trinitrocresolate

EDA= ethylene diamineEDADN; EDD= etyhlendiamine

dinitrate 126Ednafive = EDNA/Fivonite 50/50 127,

312EDNA= ethylene dinitramine 127Ednatoal= Ednatol+ 20% aluminumEdnatol= pourable mixtue of EDNA

and TNT 118, 127EED= electro-explosive device 118

effet Neumann = shaped charge effect(french) 287

effet du souffle= air blast 6EF poudre = blank cartridge powder

(french)EFI= Exploding Foil Imitiator 132EGDN= ethyleneglycol dinitrate 234Einbasige Pulver= nitrocellulose gun

powder 291Einschluß= confinement 63Eisenacetylacetonat 197Ekrasit= picric acid 260EL-506 = plate shaped explosive

(“Detasheet”) (USA)EL 387 A; B= slurry consisting of

water, starch and aluminum(Belgium)

EL-763 = permitted explosive (USA)elektrische Zünder→ bridgewire

detonators 40E.L.F. = extra low freezing (of

nitroglycerine explosives)EMMET= ethyltrimethylol methane

trinitrateEmpfängerladung = acceptor charge

1Empfindlichkeit = sensitivity 287emulsion explosives 13, 14, 16, 118,

199, 242, 365end burning velocity 119endothermal 119energetic binders 119, 154, 211, 263,

266energy, enthalpy of formation 118,

332ff.energy, specific→ specific energy 297Entzündungstemperatur =

deflagration point 72environmental seal 121environmental testing→ rocket test

stand 279épreuve de chaleur→ hot storage test

181épreuve de fracture = fragmentation

test 142E-process→ RDX 69éprouvette 121éprouveur = circuit tester 58equation de Bernoulli 296equation de Charbonnier 45, 296equilibrium constants 342


Index 406

equation of state 121Erla= epoxy compound (USA) 123erosion 124erosive burning 123ErTeN = erythritol tetranitrate 124essai au bloc de plomb = lead block

test 201Estane = polyester consisting of

urethane, adipic acid,1,4-butane-diol anddiphenylmethane diisocyanate(USA)

EtDP= ethyl 4,4-dinitropentanoateEthanolamindinitrat 125ethanolamine dinitrate 125Ethriol trinitrate 125, 333Ethyldiphenylharnstoff 8Ethylendiamindinitrat 126Ethylendinitramin 127Ethylenglykoldinitrat 234Ethylglykoldinitrat= propyleneglycol

dinitrate 274Ethylnitrat 128Ethylphenylurethan 128Ethylpikrat 129Ethyl-Centralit 56, 158, 333ethyldiphenylurea 8, 158, 301, 332ethylene diamine dinitrate 126ethylene dinitramine 118, 127ethylene glycol dinitrate = nitroglycol

234ethyl glycol dinitrate= propylene-

glycol dinitrate 274ethylhexanoate de plomb 206ethyl nitrate 128N-Ethyl-N-(2-nitroxyethyl)nitramine,EtNENA 128

ethylphenylurethane 128, 158, 301,333

ethylpicrate = trinitrophenetol 129ethyl-tetryl 129ETPE 131EUROOYN 2060 131European Committee for the

Standardization of Test of ExplosiveMaterials; now→ InternationalStudy Group for the Standardizationof the Methods of Testing Explosives85, 205

European Defence Agency, EDA 131European test fuze 51

E.V.O.= Eisenbahn-Verkehrsordnung(german)→ RID 278

E-Wolle→ nitrocellulose, estersoluble(german) 229

exchanged salt pairs 11, 254exothermal 131explode 132exploding bridgewire 132exploseur= blasting machine 36explosif en vrac= bulk mix 41explosif-liant plastique= plastic

explosive 261explosifs135explosifs allégés = low density

commercial explosives containingfoamed additives (french)

explosifs à l’oxygène liquide= liquidoxygen explosives 209

explosifs antigrisouteux= permittedexplosives 254

explosifs au nitrate d’ammonium;explosifs nitratés = ammoniumnitrate explosives 12

explosifs chloratés= chlorateexplosives 58

explosifs chlorurés = permittedexplosives containing sodiumchloride 254

explosifs d’amorcage = initiatingexplosives 193

explosifs gainés = sheathed explosives289

explosifs liquides 208explosifs nitratés = ammonium nitrate

explosives 12explosifs perchloratés = perchlorate

explosives 253explosifs primaires = initiating

explosives 193explosifs pulvérulents = powder form

explosives 143, 271explosifs secondaires = base charge

28, 284explosifs sismiques 284explosif S.G.P.= permitted explosive

(Belgium) 254explosion 132explosion heat→ heat of explosion

162Explosionstemperatur = explosion

temperature 133


407 Index

Explosionswärme, partielle = partialheat of explosion 163

explosion tardive (long feu)=hang-fire 161

explosion temperature 133explosive bol 134explosive casting→ casting of

explosives 55explosive D = ammonium picrate 12explosive forming 133explosive loading factor 134explosive materials 134explosive power 265explosive train 135explosives 135explosives equal sheathed 257“Extra”= ammonium nitrate

containing commercial explosivesExtragummidynamit= gelatinous

commercial explosive (Norway)extrudeuse à vis= screw extruder 284exudation 139

fF8 =mixture of aluminum and

bariumnitrate (USA)F (φ) = secondary explosive with high

performance (russian)FA = furfuryl alcoholFA/AN =mixture furfuryl alcohol/ani-

line/hydrazine 46/47/7face burning 139Fackel = flare 142factices=Mock explosives 222FAE = Fuel Air Explosives 6, 145, 319fallhammer 140, 188farine de guar= guar gum 154fast cook-off test 195Favier explosives = ammonium nitrate

explosives (France; Belgium; nowobsolete)

Federzugmaschine→ blastingmachines 36

FEEM= The Federation of EuropeanExplosives Manufacturers 140

fendage préliminaire = pre-splitting271

fertilizer gerade ammonium nitrate;FGAN 13

Ferrocene (combustion moderatingadditive) 140

Feststoff-Raketen = solid propellantrockets 295

Feuergefährlichkeit = combustibility59

Feuerwerksätze = pyrotechnicalcompositions 277

Feuerwerkszündschnüre =pyrotechnical fuses (→ also:quick-match) 277

FGAN = fertilizer gerade ammoniumnitrate (USA) 13

fils du détonateur = leg wires 208Filmeffektzünder = Bullet Hitfin de cumbustion= end of burning

118firedamp 140, 254firing current 140firing line 141first fire 141Fivolite= tetramethylolpentanol

pentanitrateFivonite = tetramethylolpentanone

tetranitrate 311flamebeau = flare 142flame shield 141flare 141flash over 85, 141flash point 142flegmatiser 259FLOX =mixture of liquid oxygen and

liquid fluorineflüssig-Luft-Sprengstoffe = liquid

oxygen explosives 209flüssig-Treibstoff-Raketen = liquid

propellant rockets 210flüssiges Ammoniak= liquid ammonia

210flüssige Luft= liquid air 209flüssiges N2O4 210flüssiger Sauerstoff = liquid oxygen

209flüssiger Wasserstoff = liquid

hydrogen 210flüssiges Fluor= liquid fluorine 210flüssige Sprengstoffe = liquid

explosives 208fly rock 142F-M= double base powdersFM= titanium tetrachloride (USA)F= nitrocellulose nitroglycerine


Index 408

FNR= tetrafluoroethylenetrifluoronitrosomethan copolymer

force= strength 20, 297, 303Formfunktion→ burning rate 24FOX-7= DADNE =

1,1-Diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene 90FOX-12 = GUDN= Guarnyl-ureadini-

tramide 158Fp 02 = TNT (german) 342Fp 60/40 = TNT/AN 60/40 (german)fracture, épreuve de 142fragmentation test 142fragment velocity 143fragmenting munitions attack 195Fraunhofer-Institut für Chemische

Technologie, ICT 185free flowing explosives 16, 143, 199freezing of nitroglycerine 143Frühzündung = premature firing 271friction sensitivity 144FTS= solid rocket propellant (german)fuel 146, 196, 230Fuel Air Explosives= FAE 8, 145, 319Füllpulver 02 = TNT (german) 342fugasnost= lead block test (russian)

201fulmicotone= nitrocellulose (italy)

227fulminate d’argent = silver fulminate

291fulminate de mercure =mercury

fulminate 215fumes; fumées 146fume volume 364functioning time 148Furaline I–III= fuel mixture consisting

of furfuryl alcohol, xylidine andmethanol

fuse; fuze; fusée 148fusée pyrotechnique = pyrotechnical

fuse 277fusée retardatrice = delay fuze 73Fuß-Vorgabe= toe 351fuze head 148FV = Fivonite = tetramethylolpenta-

none tetranitrate 311FV/EDNA= Ednative =mixture of

Fivonite and EDNAFV/PETN = Pentative =mixture of

Fivonite and PETN

FV/RDX = Cyclofive =mixture ofFivonite and RDX (USA)

gGalcit= solid rocket propellant

consisting of KMnO4 and asphaltpitch (now obsolete) (USA)

galerie d’essai= test gallery 255galette = paste (for double base

powders) 249galvanometer 58GAP=→ glycidyl azide polymere 154gap test→ sympathetic detonation

85ff.Gasdruck= gas pressure 19, 44, 150gaserzeugende Ladungen = gas

generators 2, 149gas generators 2, 149gas jet velocity 150gasless delay compositions 64, 73gas pressure 19, 44, 150gas volume 324, 364GC= gun cotton= nitrocellulose ca.

13% N (UK) 227GcTNB= glycol trinitrobutyrateGDN= glycol dinitrate 234Geberladung = donor charge 116gelatin explosives; gelatins 150gelatinizer 49, 56, 301Gelex= semigelatinous commercial

explosiveGelled Propellants 150generator machines→ blasting

machines 36Geomit= powder form commercial

explosive (Norway)Geschützpulver = gun powder 158Gesteinsprengstoffe = commercial

rock explosivesgestreckte Ladung = column charge

59gewerbliche Sprengstoffe =

commercial explosives (german) 61GGVE= german transport regulations

69, 278Gheksogen = Hexogen= Cyclonite=

RDX (russian) 67Gießen von Sprengladungen = casting

of explosives 55Gießen von Treibladungen = casting

of propellants 55


409 Index

Globally Harmonized System, GHS 151Globular-Pulver= ball powder 28glossary→ PrefaceGLTN = dinitroglycerinnitrolactate

153Glühbrücke→ bridgewire detonators

40Glycerindinitrat 152glycerol 233glycerol acetate dinitrate 151glycerol dinitrate 152glycerol-dinitrophenylether dinitrate

153glycerol nitrolactate dinitrate 153glycerol-trinitrate 231glycerol-trinitrophenylether dinitrate

152glycide azide polymere 154glycide nitrate 231glycol 163, 235, 333glycolurile dinitramine; tetramine 100GND= pressure proof (seismic)

explosive (german)G= nitrocellulose-diglycol dinitrateGoma pura= blasting gelatin (spanish)Gomma A = blasting gelatin (Italy)Gomme A etc. = blasting gelatin

(french) 36Grade A Nc= nitrocellulose

12.6–12.7% NGrade B Nc= nitrocellulose 13.35% NGrade C Nc= nitrocellulose blend of A

and BGrade D Nc= nitrocellulose 12.2% N,

also Grade E (USA)grade strength 23, 303grain 155Granatfüllung 88 = picric acid

(german) 260granulation 155graphite 155, 163green propellants 156, 196Grenzstromstärke = no-fire current

242grisou= fire damp 141, 254Grisoudynamite chlorurée No. 1 etc.=

permitted explosive (french)Großbohrlochsprengverfahren = large

hole blasting 199group P 1 etc. = british safety classes

for permitted explosives 257

Groupe d’Etude International pour laNormalisation des Essais d’ExplosifsSecretary; Der. Per Anders Persson,Swedish Detonic ResearchFoundation, Box 32928, 12981Stockholm, Sweden 85, 205

Grubengas = firedamp 141, 254G-Salz= nitroguanidine (german) 235GSX 155guanidine nitrate 63, 156, 205, 333guanidine perchlorate 157guanidine picrate 157Guanite= nitroguanidine 235guar gum; Guarmehl 157, 333Guarnylureadinitramide = GUDN 158Gudolpulver= gun powder consisting

of nitrocellulose, nitroglycerine andPicrite (german)

guhr dynamite 117, 205Gummidynamit= gelatinous

commercial explosive (Norway)GUNI= guanidine nitrate (german)

156gun cotton 36, 227gun powder 19, 158Gurney energy 160

hH-6=mixture

RDX/TNT/aluminum/wax45/30/20/5 (USA)

H-16 = 2-acetyl-4,6,8-trinitro-2,4,6,8-tetrazanonane-1,9-diol-diacetat

HADN = hexamethylenediaminedinitrate

härten; aushärten = curing 66Haftvermögen = case bonding 53Halbsekundenzünder =

half-second-step-delayedbridgewire detonators 40

Haleite, Halite = ethylenedinitramine(USA) 127

halogen fluoride 246hangfire 161Hansen test 158Harnstoffnitrat = urea nitrate 372Haufwerk =muckpile 223HBX-1 =mixture of RDX, TNT and

aluminum 158HC=mixture of hexachloroethane

and zinc (fume generator) (USA)


Index 410

HE= high explosive (USA)HEAP = armorpiercingHEAT= antitank; hollow chargeheat of combustion 158heat of explosion 120, 158, 323heat of formation→ energy of

formation 120, 332ff.heat sensitivity 163HEATT= hollow charge with tracerHEBD= base detonatingHEDA= delayed actionHEF= high energy fuel, e. g., boranes

(USA)HE/SH= squashhead (UK)HEF-2= propylpentaboraneHEF-3= triethyldekaboraneHEF-5= butyldekaboraneHEH= heavy projectileHEI= brisant incendiary ammunition

with tracerHEIA= Immediate action (USA)heineiyaku = trinitrophenetol (Japan)

129Heizsatz = heating charge for gas

generating units 149heinelyaku = trinitrophenetol (Japan)HELC = long case (USA)Hellhoffit= liquid mixtures of nitric

acid and nitrocompoundsHeNBu = hexanitrobutaneHEPT= brisant ammunition with

squashhead and tracerHeptanitrophenylglycerinHeptryl = 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl

trinitromethyltrimethylnitraminetrinitrate 166

HES= shell (USA)Hess, upsetting test according to 370HETRO= cast-granulated mixtures of

RDX, TNT and additives (swiss)HEX= high energy explosive (USA)

168Hex-24; -48=mixtures of KClO4,

aluminum, RDX and asphalt32/48/16/4 (USA)

Hexa= hexanitrodiphenylamine(german) 168

Hexal= RDX/aluminum (german) 168hexamethylene diisocyanate 168hexamethylenetetramine dinitrate 69,

169

hexamethylentriperoxide diamine169

Hexanit; Hexamit =mixture ofhexanitrodiphenylamine and TNT(german)

hexanitrate de dipentaérythrite 112hexanitrate de mannitol 213hexanitroazobenzene 170hexanitrobiphenyl 171hexanitrocarbanilide 114hexanitrodipentaerythritol 112hexanitrodiphenylamine 100, 171, 333hexanitrodiphenylaminoethyl nitrate

172hexanitrodiphenylglycerol

mononitrate 173hexanitrodiphenyloxamid 176hexanitrodiphenyloxide 173hexanitrodiphenylsulfide 174hexanitrodiphenylsulfone 174hexanitroethane 175Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane 175,

334hexanitromannitol 213hexanitrooxanilide 176hexanitrostilbene 55, 177hexanitrosulfobenzide 174Hexastit = RDX phlegatized with 5%

paraffineHexite= hexanitrodiphenylamine

(german) 171Hexogen= Cyclonite= RDX 36, 135,

144, 166, 177ff, 191, 205, 212, 249,259, 261, 333, 351

Hexotol=mixtures RDX-TNT (swedish)Hexotonal=mixture of TNT, RDX and

aluminum (german)Hexyl= hexanitrodiphenylamine

(german) 171HiCal= high-energetic rocket fuelHITP = High Ignition Temperature

Propellants 54, 266HMTA= hexamethylenetetramineHMTD, HMTPDA = hexamethylene

triperoxide diamine 169HMX= Homocyclonite = Octogen

136, 212, 212, 243, 259, 335HN = hydrazine nitrate 183HNAB= hexanitroazobenzene 171HNB= hexanitrosobenzene 354HNCb 1 = hexanitrocarbanilide 114


411 Index

HNDP, HNDPhA= hexanitro-diphenylamine 171

HNDPA= hexanitrodiphenyl 171HNDPhA; HNDP= hexanitro-

diphenylamine 171HNDPhAEN= hexanitrodiphenyl-

aminoethyl nitrateHNDPhBzi= hexanitrodiphenylbenzylHNDPhGu= hexanitrodiphenyl-

guanideHNDPhSfi= hexanitrodiphenylsulfide

173HNDPhSfo= hexanitrodiphenyl-

sulfone 174HNDPhU= hexanitrodiphenylurea

114HNEt= hexanitroethane 174HNF= Hydrazine nitroform= salt of

TrinitromethaneHNG= hydrine-nitroglycerineHNH= hexanitroheptaneHNIW= Hexanitrohexaazaiso-

wurtzitane 175HNO= hexanitrooxanilide 176HNS= hexanitrostilbene 176Hohlladung= hollow charge; shaped

charge 287Hohlraumsprengen = cushion blasting

66Holland test→ Dutch test 116hollow charge = shaped charge 41,

62, 287Holzkohle = charcoal 3Homocyclonite= HMX= Octogen

136, 212, 212, 243, 259, 335Hot-Needle (or Köhler-) Test 180hot spots 180hot storage tests 176HOX = high oxygen explosive 30Hoxonit= plastic explosive consisting

of RDX, nitroglycerine andnitrocellulose (swiss)

H.P. 273 = powder form permittedexplosive (USA)

HT= RDX and TNT (french)HTA= RDX/TNT/aluminum 40/40/20

(USA)HTA-3= HMX/TNT/aluminum

49/29/22 (USA)HTP = hydrogen peroxide (UK)

HTBP = hydroxol-terminatedpolybutadiene (USA) 62

HU-detonators = highly unsensitivebridgewire detonators (german) 37,182

Hugoniot’s equation; Hugoniot curve83

hybrids 1, 182, 295Hydan 182hydrazine 2, 183, 196, 210, 334hydrazine nitrate 183, 334hydrazine perchlorate 184hydrazoic acid 19hydrodynamic theory of detonation

78ff.hydrogen peroxide 16Hydrox blasting 149HYDYNE= UDMH/diethylene triamine

60/40 (USA)hygroscopicity 184Hyman = nitromethylglycolamide

nitrate (USA)Hypergols 74, 185, 210

iIBEN = Incendiary bomb with

explosive nose (USA)ICBM= Intercontinental ballistic

missile (USA)ICT= Fraunhofer-Institut für

Chemische Technologie, D-76327Pfinztal-Berghausen 185

Idrolita= AD/RDX/paraffine/water70/20/3/7 (Italy)

Ifzanites= slurries (russian)Igdanites= ANFO (russian)igniter 185igniter cord/igniter cord connector

186igniter safety mechanism 186igniter train 135, 186ignitibility 186ignition system 186illuminant composition 188IM 187, 194Imatrex= swedish trade name for

Miedziankit 58imidazoliumsalt 196IMO= Intergovernmental Maritime

Consultative Organization 69, 188IME= Institute of Makers of Explosives

188


Index 412

immobilization 188impact sensitivity 43, 188, 273important explosives 136impulse 193impulse spécifique 298incendiary 193incompatibility 61, 372Industrial explosvies→ commercial

explosives 61inert 191inflammabilité= ignitibility 186inflammer = to inflame 193infusion blasting→ water infusion

blasting 276Ingolin= concentrated hydrogen

peroxide (german) 19inhabited building 139inhalation toxicity 196inhibited propellant 193, 307Initialsprengstoffe = initiating

explosives 137, 193initiation 193initiator 92, 193injector nitration 232injector transport→ water driven

injector transport of nitroglycerine365

instantaneous detonators 40, 195insulation 195insensitive munition 194internal energy 339internal enthalpy 341International Study Group for the

Standardization of the Methods ofTesting Explosives, cretary: Dr.Per-Anders Persson. SwedishDetonic Research Foundation, Box32928, 12981, Stockholm, Sweden85, 205

inverse salt pair: ion exchanged (saltpair) permitted explosives

Ionic Liquid 196ion propellants 195IPN= Isopropyl nitrate (USA) 276iron acetylacetonate 197, 334I.S.L.= Deutsch-Französisches

Forschungsinstitut St. Louis 197isobaric; isochoric 2, 325, 330Isocyanate 263isolement; Isolierung = insulation 195isopropyl nitrate 276

isosorbitol dinitrate 197

jJATO= jet assisted take of charge

(USA)jet perforator= → hollow charge for

oil and gas well stimulationjet tapper 197JP= jet propellant (USA)JP-1; -2; -3; -4; -5;= rocket fuels;

hydrocarbons (USA)JPN= improved JPJPT= double base propellant in tube

elements for→ Bazooka 31JP-X= JP-4/UDMH 60/40 hypergolized

fuel (USA)Julnite= ethylendiurethane (french)jumping mortar test 304

kK-1; -2 Splav=mixture of TNT and DNB

or dinitronaphthalene (russian)K1F = chlorotrifluoroethylene polymer

(USA)KA-process (RDX-synthesis) 69Kalisalpeter = Kaliumnitrat 268Kaliumbitartrat 225Kaliumchlorat 268Kaliumsulfat 225Kaliumperchlorat 268Kalksalpeter = calcium nitrate 47kalorimetrische Bombe = calorimetric

bomb 162Kamlet–Jacobs Equation 198Kammerminensprengung = coyote

blasting 64Kampfer = camphor 49Kanaleffekt = channel effect 58Kantenmörser = angle shot mortar

257Karben = carbene (polyacetylene) 52Karitto = black powder (Japan) 34KA-Salz= RDX (Hexogen) by synthesis

according to Knöfler-Apel 69K= ball powderKast’s upsetting Test 370Kcilil= trinitroxylene (russian) 367KDN (Potassium Dinitramide) 199KDNBF = potassiumdinitrobenzo-

furoxane (USA)Kel-F = chlorotrifluoroethylene

polymer 9010 = RDX/Kel-F 90/10


413 Index

Kelly 197kerosine 334Kerosole=metal dispersion in

kerosine (USA)Keyneyaku = trinitrophenetol (Japan)

129Kibakuyaku = explosive for primers

(Japan)Kieselgur= guhr 117, 337Klasse I; Klasse II; Klasse III= german

safety classes for permittedexplosives 258

Klemmung= propellant area ratio 274knäppern =modcapping 224Knallquecksiler=mercury fulminate

215Knallsilber= silver fulminate 291Kneisl-Test 199Kochsalz = rock salt 338Kohlenstaub = coal dust 59

Kohlenstaubsicherheit = coal dustsafety→ permitted explosives 254

Kokoshokuyaku = black powder(Japan) 34

Kollergang = heavy roller mill for blackpowder mixing

Kollodiumwolle= nitrocellulose12–12.6% N(german) 227

Kolloksilin= nitrocellulose 11–12% N(russian) 227

Kondensatoranzündmaschinen =capacitator blasting machines 36

Kontur-Sprengen = smooth blasting294

Koomooliativuyye = shaped charge(russian) 287

Koruskativs 64Krater-Methode = crater method 304Kresylit = trinitrocresol (german) 362kritischer Durchmesser = critical

diameter 65krut = gun powder (swedish) 158K-Salz= RDX (Hexogen) by synthesis

according to Knoefler (german) 69Kugelpulver = ball powder (german)

25kugelsicher = bullet resistant 42kumulative Zündung = cumulative

priming 65Kumullativuyye= cumulatively acting

charge (hollow charge) (russian)

Kunkeln = press-molded perforatedclinders of B-black powder (german)

kunststoffgebundene Sprengstoffe =plastic explosives 261

Kupferchromit 63

llaboratory combustion chamber 60Ladegeräte = buld mix delivery

equipment 41Ladedichte = loading density 211Ladeschlauch= plastic hose as loading

device for permitted explosivesLadestock = tamping pole 310Lager =magazine 43, 139, 213, 302Lambrit = ANFO blasting agent

(Austria) 199Langzeit-Teste = long time test; shelf

life tests 116, 290large hole blasting 199LASL = Los Alamos, National Scientific

Laboratory (USA)lattice energy 196LDNR= lead dinitroresorcinateLE= low explosive; propellant (UK)lead acetyl salicylate 163, 200, 334lead azide 19, 42, 144, 200, 334lead block test 201, 304, 352Lead Chromate 204lead ethylhexanoate 163, 206, 334lead nitrate 206, 334lead picrate 206lead salicylate 163lead stearate 163lead styphnate 26, 42, 207, 334lead sulfate 163, 173lead trinitroresorcinate = lead

styphnate 26, 42, 207, 334leading lines 207Lebensdauerteste = shelf life tests

116, 290Lebhaftigkeitsfaktor = vivacity→

burning rate 44leg wires 208Leitungsprüfer = circuit tester 58Leit-Sprengschnur = trunkline 78Leuchtsätze = illuminant compositions

188Leuchtspur = tracer 351L.F. = low freezingLH2 = liquid hydrogen (USA)


Index 414

Ligamita 1; 2; 3= nitroglycerine baseindustrial explosives (Spain)

ligne de tir= firing line 141ligne de cordeau détonant 78linear burning 208line-wave generator= linear

detonation front generating chargelined cavities→ shaped charges 287linters 229liquid ammonia 210liquid explosives 208liquid fluorine 210liquid hydrogen 210liquid N2O4 210liquid oxygen (LOX) 209liquid oxygen explosives 209liquid propellant rockets 209lithergoles = hybrids 182lithium nitrate 210lithium perchlorate 210LJD= Lennard-Jones–Devonshire

state equation 122LLM-105 92LN = lead nitrate 206LN2 = liquid nitrogenloading density 41, 53, 210long time tests 116, 290low explosive = propellants 158LOVA= low-vulnerability ammunition

212LOVA propellant 211LOX = liquid oxygen 246→ also liquid

oxygen explosives 209LOZ = liquid ozoneL-Splav = TNT with 5% trinitroxylene

(russian)Lp = liquid propellant 210lueur à la bouche =muzzle flash 224LX = octogen (HMX)-formulations 212Lyddite = picric acid 260

mM-1; M-6; M-15 etc. are short names for

american gun powdersM3= kerosine hypergolized witz 17%

UDMH (USA)MABT =mixture of TNT, picric acid and

dinitrophenol (Italy)Macarite =mixture of TNT and lead

nitrate (Belgium)MAF-40: -X =mixed amine fuels

(Hydine) (USA)

magazine 43, 139, 213, 302magnesium carbonate 334magnesium trinitroresorcinate;

magnesium styphnate 207MAN =methylamine nitrate 334mannitol hexanitrate 213, 334Manöverpulver→ porous powder 267Mantelsprengstoffe = sheathed

explosives 288MAPO=methylaziridine

phosphinoxide 214Marschsatz = sustainer charge in

rocketrymass explosion risk 214mass flow 45mass ratio 215Massen-Durchsatz =mass flow 45Massen-Explosionsgefährlichkeit;

Massen-Explosionsfähigkeit=massexplosion risk 214

Massenverhältnis =mass ratio 215MAT=mixture of TNT and picric acid

(France; Italy)Matagnite= Industrial explosive

(Belgium)match cord 277Matsu = blasting gelatin (Japan) 36maturer = curing 66MBT =mixture of picric acid and

dinitrophenol (France; Italy)MDF=mild detonating fuse (0.2–0.4 g

PETN/m= 10–20 grain/ft) USAMDN =mixture of picric acid and

dinitronaphthalene (France)MeAN =MAN =methylamine nitrate

334mèches = safety fuses 281MeDINA; MeEDNA =methylethy-

lene-dinitramineMehlpulver = ungranulated black

powder 34Mehrlochpulver =multiperforated

grain 158Meiaku = Tetryl (Japan) 316Mélinite D = picric acid (french) 260Mélinite/O (“ordinaire”) (french) =

picric acid with 0.3% trinitrocresolMélinite/P= picric acid with 12%

paraffine (french)MeN =methylnitrate 218


415 Index

MeNENA= 1-nitroxytrimethylene-3-nitramine (USA)

Menkayaku = nitrocellulose (Japan)227

mercury fulminate 137, 144, 215merlos = barricade 26Mesa burning→ burning rate 44mesurage de la poussée= thrust

determination 342metadinitrobenzene 216Metallbearbeitung durch Sprengstoffe= explosive forming 133

metatelnyi zariad = Treibladung(russian)

methane 141, 254methoxytrinitrobenzene =

trinitroanisol 357methylamine nitrate 218, 334methyldiphenylurea;

Methyldiphenylharnstoff = Akardit II7, 163, 301, 332

methylenedinitrotetrazacyclooctane(precursor product for the Octogen(HMX) synthesis) 244

Methylethyldiphenylharnstoff =Centralit III (german) 57

methylethyldiphenylurea = Centralit III(german) 57, 163, 301, 327

Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide 217methyl methacrylate (MMA) 163methyl nitrate 218Methylnitroglykol = propyleneglycol

dinitrate 274N-Methyl-N-(2-nitroxyethyl)nitramine,MeNENA 219

methylphenylurethane 219, 301methyl picrate= trinitroanisol 357methyltrimethylolmethane trinitrate =

Metriol trinitrate 220methyl violet test 219Metriol trinitrate 163, 220, 334MetrTN =Metrioltrinitrate 220MF=mercury fulminate (USA) 215MHF =mixed hydrazine fuel

containing hydrazine nitrate (USA)MHN =mannitol hexanitrate (USA)

213Microballoons 221Micrograin= solid fuel consisting of

zinc powder and sulfur (USA)

Miedziankit = one site mixed chlorateexplosive (german) (now obsolete)58

mild detonating fuse 222military explosives 139millisecond delay blasting 221millisecond delay detonator 221Millisekundenverzögerer = detonating

cord MS connector 78mineral jelly 163minex=mixture of RDX, TNT, AN and

aluminum powder (UK)miniaturized detonating cord 221Minimal-Zündimpuls= all fire 9minol=mixture of AN, TNT and

aluminum powder (UK)Minolex=mixed explosive consisting

of AN, RDX, TNT and aluminum (UK)Minurex= commercial explosive

(french)mise à feu 193misfire 222missile 222M.J. =mineral jelly= vaseline (british)

163MltON=maltose octanitrate (USA)MMeA =mononitromethylaniline

(USA)MMA=methyl methacrylate 163MMH 196MN =mononitrotoluene (France)MNA=mononitroaniline (USA)MNAns=mononitroanisol (USA)M.N.B.=mononitrobenzene (USA; UK)MNBA=mononitrobenzaldehyde

(USA)MNBAc=mononitrobenzoic acid

(USA)MNCrs=mononitrocresol (USA)MNDT=mixture consisting of AN,

dinitronaphthalene and TNT(France; Italy)

MNM=mononitromethane 238M.N.N.=mononitronaphthaleneMnnHN =mannose hexanitrateMNO= dinitrodimethyloxamide 104M.N.T.=mononitrotolueneMntHN =mannitol hexanitrate 213MNX=mononitroxylenemock explosives 222


Index 416

Mörser; ballistischer = ballistic mortar22

Mörser; Kantenmörser;Bohrlochmörser =mortar; cannon256

Momentzünder = instantaneousbridgewire detonator 40

Monergol 19, 98, 209, 222, 277Monobel = permitted explosive (USA)Monoethanolamindinitrat 125mononitrate

d’hexanitrodephényleglycérine 173mortier ballistique 22morteur fusée = rocket motor 279motor 223, 279moulage des propellants = pressing of

propellants 272moulage d’explosifs= pressing of

explosives 272mouton de choc= fallhammer 140MOX=metal oxidizer explosives 223MP= picric acid with 12% paraffin

(France)MP 14 = catalyst for decomposition of

hydrogen peroxide(permanganates) (german)

MSIAC 195MTN =Metrioltrinitrate 163, 220, 334muckpile 223mud cap 3, 42, 223Mündungsfeuer =muzzle flash 224Muenyaku = smokeless powder

(Japan)Multiprime 242Munitions Safety Information Analysis

Center 195Munroe effect = hollow charge effect

224, 287muzzle flash 224

nNAC= nitroacetylcellulose (USA; Italy)Nachdetonation= hang fire 161nachflammen = post-combustion 268Nafolit= tetranitronaphthalene

(France)NAGu= nitroaminoguanidine (USA)

225, 334Nano Energetic Materials 224Naphthit = trinitronaphthalene

(german) 364

NATO advisory group for aeronauticalresearch and development→AGARD 3

Natriumchlorat 294Natriumnitrat, Natronsalpeter =

sodium nitrate 294Natriumperchlorat 295Navy Insensitive Low Erosion

Propellant 225NBSX= 1,7-dinitroxy-2,4,7-trinitro-

2,4,6-triazaheptaneNBYA = di-trinitroethylureaNc; NC= nitrocellulose (german) 227NCN= Nitrocarbonitrate 35, 225NDNT= AN/dinitronaphthalene/TNT

85/10/5 (french)NENA= N-(2-nitroxy)-nitramine-

ethane (USA) 225NENO= dinitrodioxyethyl-oxamide

dinitrate 106NEO= diglycol dinitrate (french) 94Neonite= surface smoothet

nitrocellulose gun powder (UK)NEPD= nitroetyhlpropanediol

dinitrateNeumann effect = hollow charge

effect 287neutral burning 225Neuvalin= concentrated hydrogen

peroxideNew Fortex= ammonium nitrate

explosive with Tetryl (UK)NG; N/G= nitroglycerine 231NGc= nitroglycol (USA) 234Ngl= nitroglycerine (german) 231nib-glycerine trinitrate; NIBTN =

nitroisobutylglycerine trinitrate 237nicht-sprengkräftige detonierende

Zündschnur=mild detonating cord;miniaturized detonating cord 222

Nigotanyaku= RDX/TNT mixtures(Japan)

Nigu= nitroguanidine (german) 235NILE 225Nilite= powder form blasting agent

(USA)NIMPHE= nuclear isotope mono

propellant hydrazine engine(temperature maintenance devicefor decomposition catalysts inmonergol driven rockets)


417 Index

NIP= nitroindene polymer (USA)Niperit= PETN (german) 259Nisalit= stoechiometric mixture of

nitric acid and acetonitrile (german)nitrate d’amidon 240nitrate d’ammonium 12nitrate de barium 26nitrate de calcium 47nitrate de dinitrophénoxyéthyle 107nitrate d’éthyle 128nitrate de glycide 233nitrate de guanidine 156nitrate de lithium 210nitrate de méthylaminenitrate de méthyle 218nitrate de plomb 206nitrate de polyvinyle 267nitrate de potassium 268nitrate de propyle 276nitrate de sodium= nitrate de soude

294nitrate de strontium 306nitrate de sucre 241nitrate de tétraméthylammonium 311nitrate de triaminoguanidine 352nitrate de triméthylamine 355nitrate de

trinitrophenyl-nitramine-éthyle 365nitrate de trinitrophényloxéthyle 364nitrate d’hexanitrodiphénylglycérine

172nitrate d’hydrazine 183nitrate d’urée 372nitre = salpetre 268nitric acid esters 137Nitroaminoguanidine 225, 334nitrocarbonitrate 225nitrocellulose 137, 158, 163, 166, 191,

227, 334, 335nitrocellulose propellants→ single

base propellants 291nitrocompounds 136Nitrodiethanolamindinitrat 112nitrodiphenylamine 335Nitroethan 230nitroethane 229Nitroethylpropandioldinitrat 230nitroethylpropanediol dinitrate 230nitroform = trinitromethane 363nitrogen 337nitrogen dioxide 337

nitrogen oxide 337nitrogen-rich 265Nitrogen-Rich Compounds 230nitrogen tetroxide 209nitroglycerin 36, 117, 137, 163, 166,

191, 205, 209, 231, 247, 335nitroglycerin powders→ double base

propellants 116, 158nitroglycide 233nitroglycol= Nitroglykol 14, 137, 163,

166, 191, 205, 209, 234, 335nitroguanidine (picrit) 136, 163, 235,

247, 335nitroguanidine powders 159nitrogurisen = nitroglycerin (Japan)

231Nitroharnstoff 242Nitrohydren 241nitroisobutantriol trinitrate =

nitroisobutylglycerol 237nitrokletchatka = nitrocellulose

(russian) 227Nitrolit= trinitroanisol 357Nitromannit= nitromannitol 213nitromethane 205, 209, 238, 335nitromethylpropanediol dinitrate 239nitroparaffins 240Nitropenta = PETN (german) 259nitropentanone 311Nitropentaglycerin =Metriol trinitrate

220nitrostarch = Nitrostärke 240nitro-sugar 240Nitrotetryl = tetranitrophenylmethyl-

nitraminnitrotoluene 241Nitrotriazolone 241, 335nitrourea 242, 335Nitrozucker 241NM= nitromethane 238non-allumage, intensité de courant de= no-fire current 242

non-electric delay device 242Nonel – non electric firing device

(swedish) 242Normalgasvolumen= Normalvolumen= volume of explosion gasses 364

Norm-Brennkammer = standardcombustion chamber 60

Novit=mixture of hexanitrodiphenyl-amine, TNT and aluminum (swedish)


Index 418

nozzle 243N-P= triple base powdersNp 5; Np 10 = PETN phlegmatized

with 5 resp. 10% wax (german)NQ= nitroguanidine 235NS= nitrostarch 240NSP= black powder – smokeless

powder compound (german)NSug= nitrosugar (USA) 240NTNT= AN/TNT 78/20 (french)NTO= Nitrotriazolone 241NT= TNT/AN 30/70 (french)N2N= AN/SN/TNT 50/30/20 (french)NX= AN/trinitroxylene (french)

oOberflächenbehandlung = surface

treatment; also→ inhibitedpropel-lant;→ restricted propellant193, 278, 307

Obturate 243Octanitrocubane 243Octogen= Homocyclonite= HMX

136, 144, 243, 259, 335Octol=micture HMX/TNT 77/23 246Octyl= Bitetryl = N,N′-dinitro-N,N′-

bis(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)-ethylene-diamine (UK)

ohmmeter 58Oktogen= Octogen (german) 243ON 70/30 = N2O4∕NO2 70/30 oxidator

(german)onayaku =mixture of picric acid and

dinitronaphthalene (Japan)onde de choc= shock wave 8, 78ff.onde de détonation = detonation

wave 8, 78ff.ONERA= Office Nationale d’études et

de Recherches, ParisOptolene = liquid rocket fuel

consisting of vinylethylether, aniline,tar, benzene and xylene (german)

oshokuyaku = picric acid, pressmolded (Japan)

ouvreuses explosives de percée = jettapper 199

Ox= carborane-fluorocarboncopolymer (USA)

oxidizer 146, 196, 230, 246oxidizing group 230oxygen 337

oxygen balance 230, 247Olyliquit 209Oxypikrinsäure= styphnic acid

(german) 306Oxytetryl= trinitromethylnitramino-

phenolOzo-benzene = benzene triozonide

pP1= trimethyleneglycol dinitrate 356P2=methylene dioxydimethanol

dinitrate (USA)P (salt) = piperazine dinitrate (USA)P.A.= picric acid (french) 260PAC= ANFO (german) 16Palatinol= phthalic acid ester

(german)PAN= explosive consisting of PETN;

pentaerythrol tetraacetate and ANPANA= same mixture plus aluminum

(Italy)Panclastit=mixture of nitrobenzene

and N2O4 30/70Panzerfaust→ Bazooka 31paraffin 248, 335parallel connection; also bus wire 46,

248Parazol= dinitrochlorobenzene (USA)partial heat of explosion 163paste 249Patrone = cartridge 52Patronendichte = cartridge density 53PBAN = polybutadiene acrylonitrilePB-RDX = polystyrene bonded RDX,

consisting of 90% RDX, 8.5%polystyrene and 1.5%dioctylphthalate

PBTC = carboxylterminatedpolybutadiene (USA)

PBU= phenylbenzylurethane (UK)PBX= plastic bonded explosive 249,

261PBX 9010, 9011, 9404⋅03; various

compositions with 90% RDX and94%MHX, grain sized 249

PCX= 3,5-dinitro-3,5-diazopiperidinenitrate (USA)

PDNA= propylenedinitraminePE 1; 3A = plastizised RDX (USA)PE-Wolle= low nitrogen percentage

nitrocellulose (german)


419 Index

PEG= polyethylene glycol 163pellet powder 250pellets 143, 250pendulum test→ ballistic mortar 22Penta = PETN (german) 259pentaerythritol 260pentaerythritol tetranitrate 36, 77,

137, 144, 163, 166, 191, 205, 253,253, 259, 259, 335

pentaerythritol trinitrate 163, 253Pentastit = phlegmatized PETN 249Pentol=mixture of PETN and TNT

(german)Pentolite= pourable mixture of TNT

and PETN (USA) 253Pentrit = PETN (german) 259PENTRO=mixture of PETN, TNT and

paraffin 49/49/2 (Swiss)Pentryl = trinitrophenylnitramine

ethylnitrate 365PEP-2; PEP-3; PIPE=mixtures of PETN

and Gulf Crown Oil (USA)perchlorate d’ammonium 14perchlorate de barium 26perchlorate explosives 249perchlorate de guanidine 157perchlorate d’hydrazine 184perchlorate de lithium 210perchlorate de potassium 268perchlorate de sodium 295percussion cap; percussion primer 93,

206, 207, 249, 273, 292, 293perforation of oil and gas wells 254perle d’allumage= squib 42, 241Perlit = picric acid (german) 260permissibles; permitted explosives 11,

72, 84, 86, 254, 367peroxides 31, 170, 259, 354, 368

peroxide de benzoyle 31peroxide de tricycloacétone 354peroxide de zinc= zinc peroxide 368Perspex = acrylic acid methylester

polymer (same as Plexiglas; Lucite)(USA) 87

Pertite = picric acid (Italy) 260pétardage =mud cap 2, 42, 223PETN = pentaerythrol tetranitrate 36,

77, 137, 144, 163, 166, 191, 205, 253,253, 259, 259, 335

PETRIN = pentaerythrol trinitrate(USA) 163, 259

petroleum jelly 259, 335PETS= pentaerythrol tetrastearate

(USA)PGTN= pentaglycerine trinitratepH test→ Hansen test 161PHE= plastic high explosive (UK)phlegmatization 259phosphonium salt 196Ph-Salz= ethylenediamine dinitrate

(german) 126phthalate diamylique 92phthalate dibutylique 93Picatinny Arsenal 17, 189, 202picramic acid 260picramide= trinitroaniline 357picrate d’ammonium 16picrate d’éthyle 129picrate de guanidine 157Picratol= pourable mixture of TNT and

ammonium picrate 260picric adic 166, 205, 260, 335Picrinata= picric acid (spanish) 260picrylchloride= trinitrochlorobenzene

362picryl sulfide= hexanitrodiphenyl-

sulfidepicryl sulfone= hexanitrodiphenyl-

sulfonePicurinsan= picric acid (Japan) 260piezo-quartz 20Pikramid= trinitroaniline 357Pinkrinsäure = picric acid 260Pikrinsäuremethylester = trinitroanisol

357Pirosilinovyye porokha = single base

nitrocellulose propellant (russian)Piroksilins N° 1= nitrocellulose

12–13% N; N° 2=> 13% N (russian)227

plane charge (shaped charge) 287plane wave generators = charges

generating plane detonation frontsplastic explosives 243, 261Plastisol= solid rocket propellant

consisting of APC or AN, PVC andplasticizers

plate dent test 261plateau combustion 45, 62Platzpatrone = blank cartridgePlumbaton= lead nitrate/TNT 70/30

(USA)


Index 420

PLX= Picatinny liquid explosive =→nitromethane or 95% NM and 5%ethylenediamine (USA)

PMA; PMMA= polymer acrylicmethylester (Plexiglas Lucite,Perspex) 87

PN= poudre noir (french) = blackpowder 34

PNA= pentanitroanilinePNDPhEtl= pentanitrodiphenyle-

ethanolPNDPhEth= pentanitrodiphenyletherPNDPhSfo= pentanitrodiphenylsulfonpneumatic placing 263PNL = D − 1 = phlegmatizing mixture

consisting of 84% paraffin wax, 14%nitrocellulose (12% N) and 2%Lecithine (USA)

PNP= polynitropolyphenylene 263poiont d’inflammation = flash point

142polyacetylene→ carbene 52poly-3-azidomethyl-3-methyl-oxetane

262poly-3,3-bis-(azidomethyl)-oxetane

263polybutadiene acrylic acid;

polybutadiene acrylonitrile→composite propellants 61

polybutadiene carboxyterminated 62,335

polyethyleneglycol 163PolyGLYN 263polyisobutylene 335polymethacrylate 163polynitrogen 265Polynitrogen Compounds 264PolyNIMMO 264polynitropolyphenylene 266polypropyleneglycol 163, 261, 335polysulfide 61polytrop exponent 82polyurethane 61, 266polyvinyl nitrate 137, 163, 267, 335porous AN-prills 14porous powder 267post-combustion 224, 268post-heating 9potassium bitartrate 225potassium chlorate 58, 247, 268potassium chloride 337

potassium nitrate 35, 163, 247, 268,335

potassium perchlorate 163, 268potassium sulfate 163, 224poudre = gun powder 158poudre à base de la nitroglycérine =

double base propellant 116poudre à simple base = poudre B=

single base nitrocellulose powder(french) = single base powder 267,292

poudre composite= compositepropellant 61

poudre d’aluminium= aluminumpowder 9

poudre noir= black powder 34poudre noir au nitrate de soude=

B-black powder 31poudre poreux = porous powder 267poudre progressive = progressive

burning propellant 273poudre sans fumée 291poudre sphérique = ball powder 25pousée = thrust 342poussière = coal dust 59, 254powder (gun powder) 158powder form explosives 271PPG= polypropyleneglycol (USA) 266,

335pre-ignition 271premature firing 271prequalification test 271pre-splitting 272pressing of rocket propellant charges

272press-molding of explosives 272pression de gaz= gas pressure 150pressure cartridge 272pressure-coordination rule 265pressure exponent 21, 45prills 13, 272Primacord= detonating fuse (USA) 77Primadet=mild detonating fuse (USA)

222primary blast 273primary explosives 193, 273primer 92, 273primer charge 273produits de détonation = fumes 146progressive burnig 158, 273


421 Index

projectile forming (shaped) charge287

projectile impact sensitivity 273propanediol dinitrate 274propellant 158, 273propellant-actuated power device 274propellant area ratio (“Klemmung”)

274, 296propellant casting 55propellant grain 45propellant traité de surface→ surface

treatment 307propergols 274propulseur = rocket motor 279propyleneglycol dinitrate 274propylnitrate 276, 335protection contre les courants

vagabonds= stray currentprotection 302

Protivotankovaya roochnayazazhigatelnaya granata=Molotowcocktail (russian)

Prüfkapsel = test cap 311PS= polysulfide 61PSAN = Phase Stabilized Ammonium

Nitrate 13PTX-1= Picatinny ternary explosive =

RDX/Tetryl/TNT 30/50/20 (USA)PTX-2= RDX/PETN/TNT 44/28/28

(USA)PTX-3=mixture of EDN, Tetryl and

TNT (USA)PTX-4=mixture of EDA, PETN and TNT

(USA)PU= polyurethane 61pulsed infusion shotfiring 276Pulver, Schießpulver = gun powder

158pulverförmige Sprengstoffe = powder

form explosives, mostly AN based270

Pulverrohmasse = paste 268PVN= polyvinyl nitrate 137, 163, 267,

335Pyrocore = detonating fuse for rocket

ignitionPyronite = Tetryl; also: mixture of

Tetryl andtrinitrophenylmethylanilline 316

pyrophoric 277

Pyropowder = single basenitrocellulose propellant (UK)

pyrotechnical compositions 25, 26, 27,42, 63, 210, 268, 268, 277, 277, 368

pyrotechnical fuse 277PYX = 2,6-bis-bis-(pikrylamino)-3,5-

dinitropyridine

qquality requirements for Industrial and

military explosives 137, 139quantity-distance table 139, 277quartz 150QDX= SEX= 1-acetyloctahydro-3,5,7-

trinitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine(USA)

Quecksilberfulminat =mercuryfulminate 215

quick-match; match cord; cambric 277quickness 45

rR-Salz= cyclotrimethylenetrinitro-

samine (german) 67radicals, free radicals 330Rakete = rocket 279Raketenflugkörper =missile 222Raketenmotor = rocket motor 279Raketenprüfstand = rocket test stand

279Raketentreibmittel = rocket propellant

116, 330Raketentriebwerk = rocket motor 279Ramjet = air breathing rocket systemrapport d’expansion= propellant area

ratio 274raté=misfire 222RATO= rocket assisted take off

rauchloses; rauchschwaches Pulver= smokeless powder 291

Rayleigh line 83RDX = Cyclonite; Hexogen 36, 62, 63,

67, 117, 136, 144, 166, 191, 205, 212,230, 259, 261, 333, 351

RDX class A-H = various grain sizedqualities of Hexogen (USA) 67

RDX type A= product nitrated bynitric acid 67

RDX type B= product fabricated bythe acetic anhydride (Bachmann)process; contains 3–12%→ Octogen67, 243


Index 422

RDX Polar PE= plastizised RDX;containing 12% Gulf 303 process oiland lecithine 90/10 = RDX/KelF90/10

reactivity test 372recommended firing current 277recommended test current 277recul= setback 287Reduced Sensitivity 277Règlement International concernant le

transport des marchandisesdangereuses 278

regressive burning 277Reibempflindlichkeit = friction

sensitivity 144relais= booster 39relation des masses =mass ratio 215relative weight strength 22, 36, 303,

366relay 278reliability 278requirements on industrial and

military explosives 137résistance à l’eau=water resistance

364résistant au balles= bullet resistantresonance = erosive burning 278resserrement = propellant area ratio

274restricted propellant 278retart = delay 73retard d’allumage= delayed

inflammation; functioning time 73,148

RF-214 = organic phosphoruscompound for hypergolizing rocketfuels

RFG= rifle fine grain powder (UK)RFNA= red fuming nitric acid (UK)RID= Réglement International

concernant le transport desmarchandises dangereuses 69, 163,188, 278

rifle bullet impact test 279RIPE= plastizided RDX with 15% Gulf

Crown Oil (USA)rocket 279rocket motor 279rocket propellants 61, 116, 330rocket test stand 279

Röhrenpulver; Röhrchenpulver = tubeshaped gun powder 158

Rohmasse; Pulverrohmasse = paste249

roquette à propergol liquide= liquidpropellant rocket 210

roquette à propergol solide= solidpropellant rocket 295

Rossite= guanylnitrourea (USA)rotational firing 281Round Robin Test 281RP-1= kerosin type as fuel in liquid

rocket motor systemsrubberlike propellant = polysulfide-,

polyurethane- or Plastisolbonded→compostie propellants

Rückstoß= setback 287russian method = fibre length

evaluation by pulp sedimentation228

Russkii Koktel = russian cocktail=potassium chlorate and nitrotoluenein glass containers; ignition byconcentrated sulfuric acid

Russkii Splav=mixture of pricric acidand dinitronaphthalene

RX-05-AA = RDX/polystyrene/dioctyl-phthalate 90/8/2 (USA)

RX-09-AA = HMX/dinitropropylacryl-ate/ethyldinitropentanoate93.7/5/0.6 (USA)

RX-04-AV = H MX/polyethylene 92/8(USA)

RX-04-BY = HMX/FNR 86/14 (USA)RZ-04-AT= HMX/carborane-fluoro-

carbon polymer 88/12 (USA)RZ-04-Pl= HMX/Viton 80/20 (USA)

ssafe & arm 281safety classes (of permitted explosives)

254safety diaphragm 281safety distance of buildings 139safety fuse 277, 281SAFEX INTERNATIONAL 282Saint-Venant andWantzel formula 150Salpeter = salpetre; potassium nitrate

267Salpetersäure = nitric acid salt pair (ion

exchanged) permitted explosives254


423 Index

sand test 282Sanshokitoruoru = TNT (Japan) 342Sauerstoffträger = oxidizer 246Sauerstoffwert; Sauerstoffbilanz 247sautage à gran trou= large hole

blasting 199sautage par grands fourneaus de

mines= coyote blasting 64SBA = slurry blasting agent (USA)scaled distance 283SCAN = Spay Crystallized Ammonium

Nitrate 13SCB→ Semiconductor Bridge Igniter

285Schießpulver = gun powder 168, 227Schießwolle = underwater explosives

consisting of TNT,hexanitrodiphenylamine andaluminum, now obsolete (german)

Schlagempfindlichkeit = impactsensitivity 188

Schlagwetter = firedamp 141, 254Schneckenpresse = screw extruder

284Schneiderit =mixture of AN and

nitrocompounds, mostlydinitronaphthalene (french)

Schneidladungen = cutting charges66, 287

schonendes Sprengen = smoothblasting

Schub = Thrust 342Schubmessung = thrust

determination 342Schuttdichte = bulk density 41Schutzwall= barricade 26Schwaden = fumes 146Schwarzpulver = black powder 34Schwarzpulverzündschnüre = safety

fuses 281Schwefel = sulfur 307screw extruder 284SD= double base propellant

fabricated without solvents (french)SDMH= symmetric dimethylhydra-

zine (USA)SE= slurry explosive (USA) 293secondary blasting 284secondary explosives 284Securit→Wetter-securit = permitted

explosive (german) 367

seismic explosives; seismic gelatins284

seismic shots 77, 284seismograph; seismometer 285Seismoplast = special explosives for

seismic shots (german) 285selective detonation 84self forging fragment; SFF 288Sekundärladung = base charge 28Semiconductor Bridge Igniter (SCB)

285semigelatin dynamites 286Semtex 286sensibilité 311sensibilité à l’impact = impact

sensitivity 188sensibilié à l’impact projectiles =

projectile impact sensitivity 273sensibilité au chauffage = heat

sensitivity 163sensibilité au choc de détonateur =

cap sensitivity 49sensibilité au frottement = friction

sensitivity 143sensitivity 144, 163, 273, 287Serienschaltung = series electric

blasting cap circuit 285Serien-Parallel-Schaltung = series in

parallel electric balsting cap circuit285

setback 285SFF = EFP 288S.G.P.= denomination of→ permitted

explosives in BelgiumS-H-process (RDX-synthesis) 67shaped charge 41, 66, 287shaped-charge weapon attack 195sheathed explosives 289shelf life (storage life) 116, 290Shellite (UK)= Tridite (USA) =mixtures

of picric acid and hexanitrodi-phenylamide

Shimose= picric acid (Japan) 260shock pass heat filter 87shock wave 3, 78ff., 290Shoeiyaku = PETN (Japan) 259Shotoyaku= An/TNT 50/50 (Japan)Shouyaku-koshitsu = plastizised RDXshort delay blasting (→ also:

millisecond delay blasting) 221shot anchor 290


Index 424

shot firer, blaster 35, 290SH-Salz= RDX fabricated by

decomposing nitration according toSchnurr-Henning 69

Sicherheitsabstands-Tabelle (USA) 139Sicherheitszündschnüre = safety fuses

281Silberacetylid 290Silberazid 290Silbercarbid 290Silberfulminat 291silver acetylide 290silver azide 290silver carbide 290silvered vessel test 291silver fulminate 291SINCO= gas generating propellant

(german) 292single bases powders 292Single-Event FAE = Thermobaric

Explosives (TBX) 319Sinoxid= non eroding primer

composition (german) 293SINTOX = lead free priming

composition (german) 293Sixolite= tetramethylolcyclohexanol

pentanitrate 312Sixonite= tetramethylolcyclohexa-

none tetranitrate 312skid test 293slotted mortar (test gallery) 256slow cook-off test 195slurries 10, 14, 36, 49, 118, 158, 199,

209, 218, 291slurry casting 55small arms ammunition primers 292small-arms attack 195smoke-free combustion 265SN= sodium nitrate 294snake hole 292Sodatol= sodium nitrate/TNT 50/50

294sodium chlorate 292sodium chloride; salt 254, 255, 338sodium hydrogen carbonate 335sodium nitrate 63, 246, 247, 292, 335sodium perchlorate 295soft grain powder (black powder) 34,

295Sohlenbohrloch = snake hole 294solid propellant rocket 295

soluble gun cotton= nitrocellulose12.2% 228

Solventless Propellants 297solventless processing for propellants

158Sorguyl = tetranitroglycolurile (french)

98soufre 307spacing 297Spätzündung = hangfire 161Spaltzünder = spark detonator 297Span= sorbitane monooleate (USA)spark detonators 297special effects 297specific energy 297, 304, 325specific impulse 265, 298spezifischer Sprengstoffverbrauch =

explosive loading factor 134spinner = spin stabilized rocketSplittertest = fragmentation test 142Spränggrummi= blasting gelatin

(Norway)Sprengbereich = blast area 35Sprenggelatine = blasting gelatin 36Sprengkapselempfindlichkeit = cap

sensitivity 49Sprengkapseln = blasting caps;

detonators 36Sprengkraft = strength 303Sprengluft-Verfahren→ liquid oxygen

explosives 209Sprengmeister = shot firer; blaster 35,

290Sprengmittel = explosive materials

134Sprengöl= nitroglycerine, nitrogly-

col and mixtures thereof 231, 234Sprengpulver = black powder for

blastings 28, 34Sprengriegel = explosive bolt 134Sprengsalpeter = B-black powder 28Sprengschlamm = slurry 10, 17, 35,

49, 118, 158, 199, 209, 218, 293Sprengschnur 77Sprengstoff-Attrappen =Mock

Explosives 222Sprengstoff-Ladegeräte = loading

devicesSprengstoff-Lager =magazine 213Sprengstoff-Prüfstrecke = test gallery

255


425 Index

Sprengzubehör = blasting accessories35

Sprengzünder = blasting cap 36springing 300squib 42, 300Stabilität; stabilité; stability 1, 29, 116,

158, 219, 287, 300, 372, 363stabilizer 5, 10, 56, 57, 105, 113, 128,

158, 219, 301stable detonation 83Stärkenitrat = nitrostarch 240Stahlhülsenverfahren = steel sleeve

test (heat sensitivity) 164STANAG 302standard combustion chamber 60Standardization of tests: International

Study Group for the Standardizationof the Methods of Testing ExplosivesSecretary: Dr. Per-Anders Persson,Swedish Detonic ResearchFoundation, Box 32928, 12981Stockholm, Sweden 85

Start-Rakete = booster 39state equation 83, 121Stauchprobe = upsetting test 370Steinflug = fly rock 142steel sleeve test 163stemming 63, 302Stickstofftetroxid= nitrogen tetroxide

209Stirnabbrand = face burning 58, 140Stoppine = quick-match; cambric 277storage of explosives 139, 139, 302Stoßgriffmaschinen= blasting

machines with impact knob 36Stoßtränkungssprengen = pulsed

infusion shotfiring 276Stoßwelle= shock wave 78straight dynamites 23strands 65stray current protection 302strength 23, 201, 297, 303Streustromsicherheit = stray current

protection 302strontium nitrate 306styphnic acid= trinitroresorcinol 306,

336styphnyldichloride = dichloro-2,4,6-

trinitrobenzenesulfur 34, 247, 304

Supercord = detonating fuse with ca.40 g/m PETN (german) 307

superconic propagation→ shockwave; detonation 78ff.

tT4= RDX (Italy) 67T4 plastico= RDX plastizised with

17,3% diglycol dinitrate or with 11%petroleum (Italy)

T-Stoff= concentrated hydrogenperoxide (german)

TA= triacetine 163Tacot= tetranitrodibenzotetraza-

pentalente 309tableau des distances de sécurite:→

table 13, page 139TAGN= triaminoguanidine nitrate

352talc 337Taliani test 310tamping = stemming 302, 311tamping pole 311Tanoyaku =mixtures of RDX, TNT and

Tetryl (Japan)TAT= 1,3,5,7-tetracetyl-1,3,5,7-octa-

hydroazocine, precursor-product forthe→ Octogensynthesis 244

TATB= triaminotrinitrobenzene 353TATNB= triazidotrinitrobenzene 354TAX = acethylhexahydrodinitrotriazine

(USA)TBX = Thermobaric Explosives 319TBX – IAT 311TDI= toluene diisocyanate 351TEDFO= bis-(trinitroethyl)-difluor-

formalTEGMN= triethyleneglycolmono-

nitrateTEGN= triethyleneglycoldinitrate 354temperature coefficient→ burning

rate 44température de décomposition;

température d’inflammation =deflagration point 72

température d’explosion= explosiontemperature 133

TEN = PETN (russian) 259TeNA = tetranitroaniline 312TeNAns = tetranitroanisolTeNAzxB = tetranitroazoxybenzene


Index 426

TeNB = tetranitrobenzeneTeNBPh= tetranitrodiphenylamineTeNBu = tetranitrobutaneTeNCB = tetranitrochlorobenzeneTeNCbl= tetranitrocarbanilideTeNCbz= tetranitrocarbazol 313TeNDG= tetranitrodiglycerine 96TeNDMBDNA = tetranitrodimethyl-

benzidinedinitramineTeNDPhETa = tetranitrophenylethaneTeNDPhEtla= tetranitrodiphenyl-

ethanolamineTeNHzB = tetranitrohydrazobenzeneTeNMA = tetranitromethylaniline

(Tetryl) 316TeNMe = tetranitromethane 313TeNN = tetranitronaphthalene 314TeNOx= tetranitrooxanilideTeNPhMNA= tetranitrophenyl-

methylnitramineTeNT= tetranitrotolueneTeNTMB = 3,5′ ,5′-tetranitro-4,4′-

tetramethyldiaminobiphenyl(USA)

TePhUR= tetraphenylurea (USA)Territ = plastic explosive consisting of

nitroglycerine, APC, DNT, TNT, SNand nitrocellulose (Sweden)

test cap 311test préliminaire = prequalification

test 271testing galleries 255Tetraamine-cis-bis(5-nitro-2H-

tetrazolato) Cobalt(III) Perchlorate,BNCP 311

Tetralit = Tetryl (german) 318Tetralita = Tetryl (italian, spanish) 318tetramethylammonium nitrate 311tetramethylenetetranitramine =

Octogen; HMX 136, 144, 212, 243,259, 335

tetramethylolcyclohexanolpentanitrate = Hexolite 312

tetramethylolcyclohexanonetetranitrate = Hexonite 312

tetramethylolcyclopentanolpentanitrate = Fivolite 312

tetramethylolcyclopentanonetetranitrate = Fivonite 312

tétranitrate de diglycérine 96tétranitrate d’erythrile 124

tétranitrate detétraméthylolpentanone 311

tétranitrate de pentaérythrite = PETN259

tetranitroaniline 313tetranitrocarbazol 313tetranitrodibenzotetrazapentalene =

Tacot 309tetranitrodiglycerol 96tetranitroerythritol 124tetranitroglycolurile 100tetranitromethylaniline = Tetryl 316tetranitromethane 209, 314, 336tetranitronaphthaleneTetrasin = tetrazene (russian) 315Tetratetryl = tetra-(trinitrophenyl-

nitraminoethyl)methane (USA)tetrazene 137, 144, 191, 207, 292, 293,

316tetrazolylguanyltetrazene hydrate =

tetrazene 3151-[(2E)-3-(1H-Tetrazol-5-yl)triaz-2-en-

1-ylidene]methanediamine 317Tetril = Tetryl (russian) 318Tetritol-Cyclonite= Tetryl/TNT/RDX

11.7/16.4/71.9 (russian)Tetroxyl = trinitrophenylmethoxy-

nitramine (USA)Tetryl 36, 136, 166, 191, 205, 318, 336Tetrytol =mixture Tetryl/TNT 319TEX 109TFENA= trifluoroethylnitramineTG= thermogravimetry 96TG= Trotil-Gheksogen = TNT/RDX

mixtures (russian)Thermal Explosion 319théorie hydrodynamique de la

détonation= thermohydrodynamictheory of detonation 78ff.

thermic differential analysis 96thermische Sensibilität= heat

sensitivity 163thermites 321Thermobaric Explosives (TBX) 319thermodynamic calculation of

decomposition reactions ofindustrial explosives, gun powders,rocket propellants, tables 321ff.

thermogravimetry 96thermohydrodynamic theory of

detonation 78ff.


427 Index

Thional= pentanitrodiphenylsulfon(USA)

thrust 296, 341tir à microretard =millisecond delay

blasting 221tir d’impregnation = pulsed infusion

shotfiring 276tir primaire = primary blast 273tir sou pression d’eau = underwater

detonation 368TLP= Treibladungspulver = gun

pro-pellant; the following suffix(e. g., TLP/A) indicates;

TMEMT= trimethylenetrinitrosamine67

TNA trinitroaniline 313TNAmPH= trinitroaminophenolTNAZ= Trinitroazetidin 336, 359TNnd= trinitroanilideTNAns= trinitroanisole 357TNB= trinitrobenzene 360TNBA = trinitrobenzaldehydeTNBAc= trinitrobenzoic acid 361TNBxN = trinitrobenzol nitrateTNC= tetranitrocarbazol 313TNCB= trinitrochlorobenzene 362TNCrs= trinitrocresol 362TNDCB= trinitrodichlorobenzeneTNDMA = trinitrodimenthylanilineTNDPhA= trinitrodiphenylamineTNEB= trinitroethylbenzeneTNEDV= trinitroethyldinitrovalerateTNETB= 2,2,2-trinitroethyl-4,4,4,-

trinitrobutyrateTNG= trinitroglycerine 231TNM= tetranitromethane 314TNMA= trinitromethylanilineTNMeL = trinitromelamineTNMes = trinitromesityleneTNN= trinitronaphthalene 364TNPE= PETN (spanish) 259TNO= tetranitrooxanilideTNPh= trinitrophenol = picric acid

260TNPhBuNA= trinitrophenylbutyl-

nitramineTNPhDA= trinitrophenylendiamineTNPhENA= trinitrophenylethyl-

nitramine 129TNPhIGI= trinitrophloroglucine

TNPhMNA= trinitrophenylmethyl-nitramine = Tetryl 316

TNPhMNAPh= trinitrophenyl-methyl-nitraminophenol

TNPht= trinitrophenetol 129TNPy= trinitropyridine 366TNPyOx= trinitropyridine-1-oxide

366TNR= trinitroresorcine (styphnic acid)

306TNRS= lead styphnate 207TNStl= trinitrostilbeneTNT= trinitrotoluene 13, 23, 55, 62,

67, 117, 118, 136, 163, 166, 191, 221,246, 260, 294, 336, 342, 351, 352

TNTAB= trinitrotriazidobenzene 354TNTClB= trinitrochlorobenzene 362TNTMNA= trinitrotolylmethyl-

nitramineTNX= trinitroxylene 367toe 351TOFLOX = solution of ozonefluoride in

liquid oxygenTolita= TNT (spanish) 342Tolite= TNT (french)Tolite/D= TNT, solidification point

80.6 °C= 180.1 °FTolite/M= the same, 78 °C= 175.4 °FTolite/O= 79 °C= 177.2 °FTolite/T= 80.1 °C= 179.2 °F (french)totuylene diisocyanate 137, 351Tonka = aniline and dimethylaniline as

liquid rocket fuel together withnitric acid as oxidator (german)

Torpex =mixture of RDX, TNT andaluminum 9, 69, 351

Totalit= ANwith ca. 6% paraffin (swiss)toxic fumes 8, 146TPEON= tripentaerythroloctanitrate

tracers 351traitement des métaux par explosion

133traitement de surface= surface

treatment 307transmission of detonation→

detonation, sympatheticdetonation; gap test 85, 149

transport regulations→ ADR (road) 2→ RID (rail) 278


Index 428

→ IATA (air) 185→ IMDG (shipping) 188

transport par injection d’eau 365Tauzl test→ lead block test 201Treibstoff = propellant 273triacetin 163Triacetonperoxid; triacétoneperoxide

258, 354Trialen =mixture of RDX, TNT and

aluminum (german) 9, 69, 352triaminoguanidine nitrate 6, 212, 336,

352triaminotrinitrobenzene 336, 353triazide cyanurique 67triazidotrinitrobenzene 354Tribride = 3-component rocket

system, e. g., metal fuels suspendedin liquid fuels and oxidators (USA)

Tricinat= salt of styphnic acid(german)

tricycloacetone peroxide 258, 354Triergol= same as Tribridetriethyleneglycol 355triethyleneglycol dinitrate=

Triglykoldinitrat (german) 163, 354Trilita= TNT (spanish) 342trimethylamine nitrate 336, 355trimethyleneglycol dinitrate 356trimethylenetrinitrosamine 67trimethylenetrinitramine = RDX =

Cyclonite 67trimethylolethylmethane trinitrate

125trimethylolnitromethane trinitrate

237trimethylolpropane trinitrate 125Trinal= trinitronaphthalene 364trinitrate de butanetriol 47trinitrate de glycérine 231trinitrate de nitroisobutylglycérine

237trinitrate de pentaérythrite 253trinitrate de triméthyloléthylméthane

125trinitrate de

triméthylolméthylméthane 220Trinitril= glyceroltrinitrophenylether

dinitratetrinitroaniline 205, 357trinitroanisole 357Trinitroazetidin 336, 359

trinitrobenzene 336, 360trinitrobenzoic acid 361trinitrochlorobenzene 100, 336, 362trinitrocresol 362trinitrodioxybenzene 306trinitroethylalcohol 34trinitrometacresol 362trinitrometaxylene 367trinitromethane 363trinitronaphthalene 364trinitrophenetol 129trinitrophenol; picric acid 166, 205,

260, 335trinitrophenoxy-ethyl nitrate 364trinitrophenylethylnitramine =

ethyltetryl 129Trinitrophenylglycerinetherdinitrat

153Trinitrophenylglykolethernitrat 364trinitrophenylmethylaniline = Tetryl

316trinitrophenylmethylether =

trinitroanisol 357trinitrophenylmethylnitramine = Tetryl

36, 136, 144, 166, 191, 205, 247, 318,336

trinitrophenylnitramino ethylnitrate365

trinitropyridine 336, 366trinitropyridine-N-oxide 336, 366trinitrorésorcinate de plomb 207trinitroresorcinol = styphnic acid 306,

336trinitrosotrimethylenetriamine 74trinitrotoluene = TNT 13, 23, 55, 62,

67, 117, 118, 136, 163, 166, 191, 221,246, 260, 294, 336, 342, 351, 352

trinitroxylene 367Trinol= trinitroanisol 357Triogen= trimethylenetrinitrosamine

(USA) 74triple base propellants 158Trisol= trinitroanisol 357Tritonal=mixture of RDX, TNT and

aluminum (german) 9, 367Trixogen=mixture of RDX and TNT

(german) 368Trizin= trinitroresorcinol (german)

306Trojel = slurry blasting agentTrotyl= TNT (german) 342


429 Index

trunkline (of detonating cord) 78tuyère = nozzle 243

uU= bridgewire detonator U

(unsensitive), (german) 40UDMH= unsymmetrical dimethyl-

hydrazine (USA) 98, 196Übertragung = sympathetic

detonation 85, 142ullage 368ummantelte Sprengstoffe = sheathed

explosives 288unbarricated 368unconfined detonation velocity 88,

368undersonic propagation (=

deflagration) 44, 72underwater detonations 17, 368underwater explosives→ DBX;→

Torpex 70, 351, 368Unterwasserzünder =water resistant

detonator 366upsetting tests 41, 370urea nitrate 205, 336, 354urethane→ stabilizer 301US Bureau of Mines 372

vvacuum test 61, 372vapor pressure 196vaseline 259velocite de combustion= burning rate

44Veltex=mixture of HMX,

nitrocellulose, nitroglycerine,nitrodiphenylamine and triacetine372

Verbrennung = combustion 60Verbrennungswärme = heat of

combustion 162Verbundtreibsätze = composite

propellants 61verdämmen = stemming 302Vernichten von Explosivstoffen=

destruction of explosive materials74

Verpfuffungspunkt = deflagrationpoint 72

Versager=misfire 222Verstärkungsladung = booster 39

Verträglichkeit= compatibility 61Verzögerungszünder = delay fuze 73vessel mortar test 304Viatra= Inert stemming cartridge

(swiss)Vibrometer 372Vieille Test 181, 363Virial equation 122viscosity of nitrocellulose 229Visol; Visol-1; -4; -6= vinylethylether

and mixtures with isopropylalcoholand vinylbutylether; liquid rocketfuel (german)

Vistac N° 1= low molecular weightpolybutane (USA)

vitesse de combustion= burning rate19, 44, 124

vitesse de détonation = detonationvelocity 41, 70, 74, 88

vitesse moyenne de combustion=average burning rate 19

Viton A= perfluoropropylene-vinylidine fluoride copolymer

vivacity factor 45VNP= polyvinyl nitrate (USA) 267volume of explosion gases 363volume strength 41, 325, 364Vorgabe= burden 43vorkesseln = springing 300vorspalten = pre-splitting 271VV= Vzryvchatoiye veschestvo =

explosive (russian)V-W= porous powders (german)

wW I; W II; W III= permitted explosives

belonging to the german safetyclasses I,II and III 367

warm storage tests; Warmlagerteste→hot storage tests 181

Wasserbesatz =water stemming 366water driven injector transport of

nitroglycerine 365water 336, 337water gels 10, 293, 365water hammer; water jet 370water infusion blasting 370water resistance 364water resistant detonator 365water stemming 365web 366


Index 430

Weichkornpulver = soft grain blackpowder 34, 295

weight strength→ relative weightstrength 22, 36, 303, 366

Wetter-Sprengstoffe = permittetexplosives 254

WFNA; WFN =white fuming nitric acid(UK) 196

WhC=white compound=1.9-dicarboxy-2,4,6,8-tetra-nitrophenazin-N-oxide (USA)

wood dust 336Wood’smetal 72W-Salz= RDX accordingWolfram

(german) 69

xX-312 A= igniter for mild detonating

fuse (USA)X28M = Plasticizer containing→

Polyvinyl Nitrate 267X-Ray-Flash 367X-Stoff= tetranitromethane (german)

313Xilit= trinitroxylene (russian) 367XTX= RDX coated with Sylgard, a

silicon resinXyloidine= nitrostarch 240

yYonkite = industrial explosive

(Belgium)Yuenyaku = black powder (Japan) 34

zZazhigateinaya =Molotow-cocktail

(russian)Zeitzünder→ bridgewire detonators

40Zentralit→ Centralite 56, 57

Zhirov=mixtures of tetryl with APC orpotassium perchlorate (russian)

Zigarettenabbrand = face burning140

zinc peroxide 293, 368Z-Salz; Z-Stoff C; Z-Stoff N =

permanganates for decompositioncatalysis of hydrogen peroxide

Zuckernitrat 240Zündabzweigung = downlineZündanlage= ignition system 186Zündblättche→ amorces 16Zünder= fuze 148Zünder, elektrische→ bridgewire

detonators 40Zünderdrähte = leg wires 208Zündhütchen = amorce 16Zündimpuls= electric pulse for

bridgewire detonators 40Zündkabel = firing line 141, 208Zündkreis = circuit 58, 287Zündkreisprüfer = circuit tester 58Zündladung= primer charge 273Zündmaschine= blasting machine 36Zündpille= squib 300Zündschalter= blasting switch 37Zündschnur= safety fuse 277, 281Zündschraube = fuze head 149Zündsicherung= igniter safety

mechanism 186Zündstrom = firing current 141Zündung = initiation 193Zündverzug = functioning time 74,

148Zündwilligkeit= ignitibility 186Zustandsgleichung= equation of state

83, 121zweibasige Pulver = double base

propellants 116

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