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Innovation - definition Joseph Schumpeter - Theorie der Wirtschaftlichen
Entwicklung, 19121. The introduction of a new good — that is one with which
consumers are not yet familiar — or of a new quality of a good.
2. The introduction of a new method of production, which need by no means be founded upon a discovery scientifically new, and can also exist in a new way of handling a commodity commercially.
3. The opening of a new market, that is a market into which the particular branch of manufacture of the country in question has not previously entered, whether or not this market has existed before.
4. The conquest of a new source of supply of raw materials or half-manufactured goods, again irrespective of whether this source already exists or whether it has first to be created.
5. The carrying out of the new organization of any industry, like the creation of a monopoly position (for example through trustification) or the breaking up of a monopoly position
Global Innovation Index - 2009
Most innovative companies in the world -2010
1. Apple2. Google3. Microsoft4. IBM5. Toyota Motor6. Amazon.com7. LG Electronics8. BYD9. General Electric10. Sony
But…for the first time since the rankings began in
2005, the majority of corporations in the Top 25 are based outside the U.S.
15 of the Top 50 are Asian
China – BYD, Lenovo, Haier Electronics, China Mobile and HTC (same number of corporations as Japan)
Financing methods of new innovative corporations in the USA
Own capitalBusiness angels
Google - Andy Bechtolsheim - co-founder of Sun Microsystems – 100 000 USD
Venture capitalGoogle - Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers and
Sequoia Capital and other funds – 25 million USD
IPOGoogle - August 19, 2004 - the company offered
19,605,052 shares at a price of $85 per share
Silicon Valley – main innovation cluster
Fortune Global 1000 corporations
Adobe Systems Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) Apple Inc. Cisco Systems eBay Google Hewlett-Packard Intel National Semiconductor Nvidia Oracle Corporation SanDisk Sun Microsystems (acquired by Oracle Corporation) Symantec Yahoo!
Najlepšie univerzity sveta podľa zoznamu Shanghai 500
Ing. Tomáš Dudáš, PhD.
Long Term FundamentalsLong Term Fundamentals• U.S. has healthier
long-term demographics than most competitors
• U.S. only advanced country with large, growing population
• North America second largest energy resource base in world
• Economic system most resilient among advanced countries
Major economic sectors' share of U.S. employment, 1850-2000
0
20
40
60
80
100
1850 1900 1950 2000
Pe
rce
nt
Agriculture Goods production Services
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Main factors of long term economic changesMain factors of long term economic changes
● Changing consumer tastesChanging consumer tastes
● Increasing globalizationIncreasing globalization
● Changing workforce skillsChanging workforce skills
● Technological improvementsTechnological improvements
15 U.S. industries projected to ADD jobs the fastest through 2014*
* Among industries with more than 100,000 employees* Among industries with more than 100,000 employees
Business servicesBusiness services
3. Management consulting services3. Management consulting services
5. Facilities support services 5. Facilities support services
6. Employment services6. Employment services
7. Office administrative services7. Office administrative services
13. Accounting, tax, & payroll 13. Accounting, tax, & payroll
servicesservices
High-tech servicesHigh-tech services
2. Software publishers2. Software publishers
8. Computer systems design8. Computer systems design
Health and social servicesHealth and social services
1. Home health care services 1. Home health care services
4. Residential care facilities4. Residential care facilities
9. Outpatient & laboratory services9. Outpatient & laboratory services
10. Child day care services10. Child day care services
12. Offices of health practitioners12. Offices of health practitioners
15. Rehabilitation services15. Rehabilitation services
Education servicesEducation services
11. Other educational services11. Other educational services
14. Colleges & universities 14. Colleges & universities
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
15 U.S. industries projected to LOSE jobs the fastest through 2014*
* Among industries with more than 100,000 employees* Among industries with more than 100,000 employees
Nondurable manufacturing
1. Cut and sew apparel mfg.
2. Fabric mills
3. Basic chemical mfg.
6. Rubber product mfg.
8. Synthetic materials mfg.
13. Pulp & paper mills
14. Petroleum & coal mfg.
Durable manufacturing 4. Industry machinery mfg.
5. Electrical equipment mfg.
7. Foundries
10. Computer mfg.
12. Metalworking machinery mfg.
15. Other machinery mfg.
Natural resources 9. Sawmills & wood preservation
11. Crop production
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Largest Economies in 2050 (JP Morgan)
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000GDP (2005 US$bn)
Largest economies in 2050 (Goldman Sachs)The Largest Economies in 2050
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
45,000
50,000
55,000
2005 US$bn