\, ;"Installation Restoration Program
Phase I — Records Search
Harrisburg International Airport(Formerly Olmsted Air Force Base)
Middletown, Pennsylvania
\ J '••":. - • 'Prepared for
United States Air ForceAFESC/DEV
Tyndall AFB, Florida
Prepared byJRB Associates
A Company of Science Applications, Inc.8400 Westpark Drive
McLean, Virginia 22102
April 1984, , AR3Q0001
Notice
This report has been prepared for the United States Air Force by JREAssociates of Me Lean, Virginia for the purpose of aiding in the implemen-tation of the Air Force Installation Restoration Program. It is not anendorsement of any product. The views expressed herein are those of thecontractor and do not necessarily reflect the official views of the publishingagency, the United States Air Force, nor the Department of Defense.
Copies of this report may be purchased from:National Technical Information Service5285 Port Royal RoadSpringfield, Virginia 22161
Federal Government agencies and their contractors registered with theDefense Technical Information Center should direct requests for copies ofthis report to:
Defense Technical Information CenterCameron StationAlexandria, Virginia 22314
NOTICE
This report has been prepared for the United Scaces Air Force by JRBAssociates of McLean, Virginia for the purpose of aiding in che implementa-tion of the Air Force Installation Restoration Program. It is not anendorsement of any produce* The views expressed herein are those of thecontractor and do not necessarily reflect the official views of thepublishing agency, the United States Air Force, nor the Department ofDefense.
Copies of this report may be purchased from:
National Technical Information Service5285 Port Royal RoadSpringfield, Virginia 22161
Federal Government agencies and their contractors registered with theDefense Technical Information Center should direct requests for copies of
> j this report to;
Defense Technical Information CenterCameron StationAlexandria, Virginia 22314
AR300003
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Executive Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ES-1
SECTION 1.0 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
1.1 Background and Authority . . . . . . . . . . 1-11.2 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-21.3 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-31.4 Methodology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
SECTION 2.0 INSTALLATION DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . -2-1
2.1 Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12.2 Base History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12.3 Mission and Active Units . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
SECTION 3.0 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
3.1 Geography and Topography . . . . . . . . . . 3-13.2 Meteorology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-^ J3.3 Surface Hydrology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--3.4 Soils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-83.5 Geology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-113.6 Water Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2<*3.7 Groundwater Hydrology . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2^3.8 Groundwater Quality. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-433.9 Environmental Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . 3-52
SECTION 4.0 WASTE MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
4.1 Industrial Operations . . . . . . . . . . . 4-24.2 Storage Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4*24.3 Fuel Storage Locations . . . . . . . . . . . 4-114.4 Spill Area Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . 4—184.5 Disposal Sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-234.6 Fire Training Locations. . . . . . . . . . . 4—3"4.7 WAste Treatment Locations. . . . . . . . . . 4-404.8 Evaluation of Past Disposal Activities . . . 4-42
flRSQOQQl*ill
TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued)
Page
SECTION 5.0 CONCLUSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
5.1 Lisa Lake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15.2 Fire Training Pit . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-45.3 Sunset Golf Course . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-45.4 Runway Incineration Landfill Area. . . . . . 5-55.5 North Base Landfill Area . . . . . . . . . . 5-65.6 Meade Heights, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
SECTION 6.0 RECOMMENDATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
6.1 Lisa Lake Disposal Area. . . . . . . . . . . 6-16.2 Fire Training Pit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-46.3 Sunset Golf Course Landfill Area . . . . . . 6-66.4 Incinerator/Landfill Disposal Site . . . . . ' 6-86.5 North Base Landfill Area . . . . . . . . . . 6-9b.6 Meade Heights Fill Area. . . . . . . . . . . o-v
APPENDIX A PROJECT RESEARCH TEAM QUALIFICATIONS
APPENDIX B PERSONAL CONTACT LIST
APPENDIX C GLOSSARY OF TERMINOLOGY AND ABBREVIATIONS
APPENDIX D SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL DATA
D-l Logs, Historical and SpecificationData for Wells at C1mstea AF5
D-2 Well Location and Well SamplingAnalysis Results-Sunset Golf Course
D-3 Well Sampling and Analysis Reports-Sunset Golf Course
APPENDIX E MASTER LIST OF INDUSTRIAL SHOPS
APPENDIX F REFERENCES
APPENDIX G USAF HARM FORMS
APPENDIX H USEPA HRS FORMS
AR3C0005iv
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure # Page
ES-1 Locations of the Six Waste Disposal Sitesat Olmsted AFB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ES-1
1-1 Phase I Installation Restoration ProgramRecords Search Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
2-1 Map of Southeastern Pennsylvania ShowingLocation of Olmsted Air Force Base . . . . . . . . . 2-2
2-2 Site Map Showing HIA and Former OlmstedAFB Grounds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
3-1 Physiographic Regions of Eastern Pennsylvania. . . . 3-2
3-2 Cross-Section Showing Topography andGeology of Olmsted Air Force Base. . . . . . . . . . 3-3
1 1 C • • - - . 1 1- - .- T1 - ? ; - • - - «• ! ' - V -•_> —J Ju^^ueiianuct rv j. v c t a i. liar i. _
Monthly Low Flow Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
3-4 Olmsted AFB Drainage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
3-5 100-Year Flood Plain Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
3-6 Soil Borings at Olmsted Air Force Base . . . . . . . 3-12
3-7 Location of Soil Boring at OlmstedAir Force Base . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
3-8 Olmsted AFB Soils. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
3-9 Olmsted AFB Sunset Golf Course . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17
3-10 Geologic Map of Olmsted Air Force Base . . . . . . . 3-20
3-11 Well Locations in the Vicinity of OlmstedAir Force Base . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25
3-12 Pocentiometric Surface Map of Olmsted AFB. . . . . . 3-30
3-13 Geologic Cross Section Showing WellPenetration at Olmsted AFB . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-33
3-14 Well Locations-Main Base Area. . . . . . . . . . . 3-35
3-15 Well Locations-North Base Area . . . . . . . . . . . 3-36
3-16 Cross-Section Showing Relation of StrataPenetrated by Wells in the Eastern Partof Olmsted AFB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-38
RR3D00063-17 Cross-Section Showing Relation of Strata
Penetrated by Wells in the Western Partof Olmsted AFB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-40
LIST OF FIGURES (continued)
Figure # Page
3-18 Cross-Section Showing Relation of StrataPenetrated by Wells in the North Base Areaof Olmsted AFB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-41
3-19 Site Map Showing PA DER Sampling .......... 3-50
4-1 Location of Olmsted Industrial Shops . . . . . . . . 4-3
4-2 Location of Olmsted Storage Buildings. ....... 4-17
4-3 Location of Fuel Tank Farms. . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-20
4-4 Location of Spill Areas At rv..«sted AFB ....... 4-21
4-5 Locations of the Six Waste DisposalSites at Olmsted AFB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-24
^-6 Locations and Approximate Areas of wasteDisposal Sites 1,2,3,4 and 6 at Olmsted AFB. . . . . 4-26
4-7 Location of Waste Disposal Area atSunset Golf Course - Area 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-30
4-8 Schematic Drawing of the Sunset Golf CourseLandfill Area ................... 4-31
4-9 Lisa Lake Disposal Area, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-34
4-10 Locations of Other Sites A,B,C,D and E inVicinity of Olmsted AFB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-36
4-11 Locations of Fire Training Areas atOlmsted AFB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-38
4-12 Locations of Waste Treatment Plants atOlmsted AFB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-41
4-13 Locations of Identified Hazard Sites a t . . . . . . .Olmsted AFB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-43
6-1 Monitoring Plan Lisa Lake andIncinerator/Landfill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
6-2 Monitoring Plan Fire Training Pit . . . . . . . . . 6-5
6-3 Monitoring Plan Sunset Golf Course . . . . . . . . . 6-7
6-4 Monitoring Plan North Base & MeadeHeights Landfill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10
AR300007
vi
LIST OF TABLES
Table # Page
ES-1 Summary of Waste Disposal at Olmsted AFB. . . . . . . ES-4
ES-2 Recommended Monitoring Program for Phase II ..... ES-7
2-1 Olmsted AFB Real Estate, 1956 . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
2-2 Listing of Previous Olmsted AFB Units . . . . . . . . 2-8
3-1 Temperature and Precipitation-Data. . . . . . . . . . 3-5
3-2 Olmsted Air Force Base Soil Units . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
3-3 Geologic Map Explanation. . . . . . , . . . , . . , . 3-21
3-4 Sample Log of Well Da-77, North BaseArea, Olmsted AFB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22
3-5 Pumping Capacities of Wells at OlmstedAir Force Base. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26
3-6 Service Record of Wells at OlmstedAir Force Base. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27
3-7 Average Monthly Water Budget for the ^^sWest Conewago Creek Basin 1931 to 1976. . . . . . . . 3-32
3-8 Hydrologic Characteristics of Wells onOlmsted Air Force Base. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-37
3-9 TCE and PCE Sampling Analysis Results forWells at Olmsted Air Force Base . . . . . . . . . . . 3-47
3-10 TCE and PCE Analytical Results for SamplesTaken at Olmsted Air Force Base . . . . . . . . . . . 3-48
4-1 Master List of Industrial Shops . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
4-2 Olmsted Hazardous Material Storage Locations. . . . . 4-12
4-3 Summary of Fuel Storage Activities atOlmsted AFB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-19
4-4 Waste Disposal Sites ai Olmsted AFB . . . . . . . . . 4-25
4-5 Ranking of Hazard Assessments forIdentified Sites. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-44
4-6 Summary of HARM Subscores for Identified Sites. . . . 4-45Pn^n^
5-1 Summary of Waste Disposal at Olmsted AFB. . . . . . . " r5ifc''-1 u
vii
flR30Q009
Groundwater within the former main base area occurs in a dual aquifersystem comprising an unconsolidated water table aquifer underlain by aconfined bedrock aquifer under artesian conditions. The depth togroundwater is very shallow, and these aquifers are hydraulically connectedto each other. Wells penetrating the bedrock aquifer are apparentlyrecharged directly from the water table aquifer and the Susquehanna River.Wells that penetrate these aquifers have been shown to be contaminated withorganic compounds. The source of contaminants within the main base area is
not identifiable based on data presently available; however, numerous pastAir Force operations and current industrial operations in the area may bethe source.
Groundwater in the Sunset Golf Course area occurs in cracks and
fissures in the diabase. Aquifers in tne diabase are nigniy susceptible tocontamination because recharge occurs via direct infiltration. Wells in
this area have been shown to be contaminated with organic compounds. Thesource of these contaminants appears to be from past disposal practices thatoccurred at Sunset Golf Course during its ownership by the Air Force.
Findings and Conclusions
The review of past operations and waste management practices at theformer Olmsted Air Force Base has resulted in the identification of sixsites that may have the potential for causing environmental contamination orcontaminant migration. Other former base industrial operations sites were
reviewed and eliminated from further evaluation based on the Phase I IRPmethodology.
The identified sites have been evaluated and ranked using both the AirForce's Hazard Assessment Rating Methodology (HARM) and EPA's Hazard Ranking
System (HRS). Both systems were used because the base has been inactivesince 1966 and, therefore, any sites are potential candidates for inclusionon EPA's (CERCLA) list of abandoned hazardous waste sites. These hazardranking systems evaluate potential receptors, waste characteristics, andmigration pathways in order to determine the relative potential _ of , -
ft D 3 Ti H H QK u O w \t U l uES-2
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This report presents the findings of the Phase I Installation Restora-tion Program (IRP) Installation's Assessment investigation of the formerOlmsted Air Force Base (AFB) located in Middletown, Pennsylvania. Asintended by Phase I of the Air Force IRP program, this investigationidentified the potential for environmental contamination from past disposalpractices and assesses the probability of contaminant migration that couldhave an adverse impact on public health or the environment.
Installation Description
The former Olmsted AFB is located in Dauphin County. Pennsylvania.approximately 8 miles southeast of. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, between the
*.towns of Highspire and Middletown. The base was occupied between 1917 and1966. In 1964, the base was declared excess by the Air Force. Majoractivities conducted by the Middletown Air Materiel Area (MAAMA) involved
v j materiel warehousing and distribution, and engineering maintenance support
for 11 northeast states. The base is presently occupied by the HarrisburgInternational Airport (HIA), che Pennsylvania Air National Guard, SunsetGolf Course, a Fruehauf trailer truck manufacturing facility, a PennsylvaniaState University Branch Campus, and numerous other industrial facilities.
Environmental Summary
Of the possible migration routes for hazardous wastes originating frompast disposal practices at the former base, groundwater is the mostimportant and susceptible route. Groundwater in this area is the primarydrinking water source for the town of Middletown, HIA and associatedindustrial shops, the Pennsylvania State Branch Campus, Cdd Fellows Home,the Fruehauf trailer manufacturing facility, and the resicents located nearSunset Golf Course.
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uncontrolled hazardous waste disposal facilities that may cause health orenvironmental damage. The results of the rtir Force's HARM rating system asapplied to the six identified sites are summarized in Table ES-1. Theresults of the HRS ratings are provided in Appendix H. Figure ES-1 showsthe location of identified sites.
»
Based on analyses of the six identified sites, recommendations havebeen made for further investigation through a Phase II confirmation effort.These recommendations are provided in Table ES-2. In summary, each of thesesites should be subject Co a combination of sampling, laboratory analysis,exploratory trenching, or cleanup activities. It is further recommendedthat investigations of identified areas be conducted in conjunction with anarea-wide study of existing operations at HIA, because many industrialfacilities presently on HIA are engaged in activities involving hazardousmaterial usage and disposal. 'Only through an area-wide study can allsources of contamination be identified and delineated. As part of thisarea-wide study, all buildings on former base property should be investi-gated for the presence and identification of hazardous chemicals.
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND AND AUTHORITY
Because of its primary mission, che United States Air Force (USAF) haslong been engaged in a wide variety of operations dealing with toxic andhazardous materials. Federal, state, and local governments have developedstrict regulations to require that disposers identify the locations andcontents of disposal sites and take action to eliminate the hazards in anenvironmentally responsible manner. The primary Federal legislationgoverning disposal of hazardous wastes is the Resource Conservation andRecovery Act (RCRA) of 1976, as amended. Under Sections 3012 and 6003 ofthe Act, Federal agencies are directed to assist the EnvironmentalProtection Agency (EPA) and state agencies to inventory past disposal sitesand make the information available to requesting agencies. To ensurecompliance with these hazardous waste regulations, the Department of Defense(DOD) developed the Installation Restoration Program (IRP). The current DODIRP policy is contained in Defense Environmental Quality Program PolicyMemorandum (DEQPPM) 81-5, dated 11 December 1981 and implemented by Air
Force (AF) message dated 21 January 1982. DEQPPM 81-5 reissued andamplified all previous directives and memoranda on the IRP. DOD policy isto identify and fully evaluate suspected problems associated with pasthazardous contamination, and to control hazards to health and welfare thatresulted from these past operations. The IRP will be the basis for responseactions on Air Force installations under the provisions of the Comprehensive
Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) of 1980,clarified by Executive Order 12316, and 40 CFR 300 (National ContingencyPlan). CERCLA is the primary legislation governing remedial actions atinactive hazardous waste sites.
Tf2 Air Force IRP is a four-phase program, consisting of:
1. Phase I - Installation's Assessment (Records Search). Phase I isto identify and prioritize those past disposal sites that may posea hazard to public health or the environment as a result ofcontaminant migration to surface or ground waters, or that mayhave an adverse effect resulting from the persistence of
AR3000191-1
contaminants in the environment. In this phase, it is determinedwhether a site requires further action to confirm an environmentalhazard or whether it may be considered not to present hazard atthis time. If a site requires immediate remedial action, such as x_^removal of abandoned drums, the action can proceed directly toPhase IV. Phase I is a basic background document for the PhaseII study.
2. Phase II - Confirmation/Quantification. Phase II is to define andquantify, by preliminary and comprehensive environmental andecological surveys, the presence or absence of contamination, theextent of contamination, and waste characterization (when requiredby the regulatory agency), and co identify sites or locationswhere remedial action is required in Phase IV. Researchrequirements identified during this phase are provided to thePhase III effort of the progr?-.;.
3. Phase III - Technical _Base: Development. This phase is theresponsibility of Engineering and Services and is to develop asound data base from which to prepare a comprehensive remedialaction plan. This phase includes implementation of researchrequirements and technology for objective assessment of adverseeffects. A Phase III requirement can be identified at any timeduring the program.
4. Phase IV - __0p_e r a t_i o n s/Remed_ia 1 Act ions. This phase is theresponsibility of Engineering and Services and includes thepreparation and implementation of the remedial action plan.
1.2 PURPOSE
This investigation constitutes the Phase I IRP Records Search for
Harrisburg International Airport ^HIA), formerly Olmsted Air Force Base(Olmsted AFB) located in Middletown, Pennsylvania. The objective of thisinvestigation was to identify the potential for environmental contamination
resulting from past waste management practices, evaluate the probability ofcontaminant migration, and assess the potential hazard posed by pastdisposal activities. The extent of environmental contamination was
determined through detailed analyses of available sice records and
interviews with site personne1, including a review of operation history and
hydrogeologic conditions that may contribute to pollutant migration.
The results of this investigation are presented in this report and are
intended to provide sufficient information to determine the requirements for
and scope of future IRP investigations. H D r-^-"i O n\\ \\ 0 :J UUcU >
•——-*
1-2
1.3 SCOPE
The scope of this Phase I investigation of the former Olmsted Air ForceBase includes all Air Force and Air Force contractor activities forcurrently and previously owned Air Force property (i.e., up until the timeof base inactivation). Current non-Air Force operations on excessedproperty are not included in this effort. Because Olmsted was active untilit was declared excess in 1964, a significant effort was required to obtainactive (or retired) records and to interview past employees at the base.
The Phase I investigation of Olmsted include areas currently occupiedby Harrisburg International Airport (HIA), Pennsylvania State UniversityBranch Campus (Penn State), Sunset Golf Course, Air National Guard (ANG),the Fruehauf truck trailer manufacturing facility, and several o~herindustrial companies. Phase I activities included:
o Obtaining environmental data from Federal, state, and localoffices
o Conducting an on-site visit including the following:
- on-site records reviewpersonnel interviewsfield investigationshelicopter overflight and aerial photographic coveragephotographic coverage of existing properties
o Reviewing of retired records from the following sources:
National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, MOOffice of Air Force History, Boiling AFB, Washington, DCNational Archives Research Center, Washington, DCNational Records Center, Suitland, MD
o Evaluating disposal practices using the Air Force's HazardAssessment Rating Methodology and EPA's Hazard Ranking System.
This report presents the findings of the above activities, and makesrecommendations for follow-on Phase II activities.
ftRSOOOZI1-3
1.4 METHODOLOGY
The methodology used for this Phase I investigation was that specifiedby the AF as shown in Figure 1-1. The investigation was conducted by JRB
Associates, a company of Science Applications, Inc., under contract to theAir Force Engineering Services Center (AFESC) at Tyndall Air Force Base. Thefollowing team of professionals was selected for this investigation:
o Dr. Edward W. Repa, Senior Hydrologist and Project Manager
o Dr. William D. Ellis, Senior Chemist
o Mr. Brian J. Burgher, Chemical Engineer and Field InvestigationTeam Chief
o Mr. Andris Lapins, Environmental Scientist and Field InvestigationTechnician
o Ms. Claudia Furman, Geologist and Field Investigation Technician.
Resumes for these professionals are provided in Appendix A.
The Phase I investigation began by identifying locations of records
retired from Olmsted AFB following deactivation. Because the base has beeninactive since 1964, significant attention was given to reviewing identifiedretired records. Locations visited for records review included the
following (visit date in parentheses):
o Office of Air Force History at Boiling AFB, Washington, DC (15 and20 December 1983)
o National Archives Research Center, Washington, DC (22 December1983)
o National Records Center, Suitlana, MD (28 "ecember 1983)
o National Personnel Record Center, St. Lo-is, MO (5 and 6 January1984).
?*, r-> e~, "•- "-- r~i O r\HnO^UU^d
1-4
Figure 1-1Phase I Installation Restoration Program
Records Search Methodology
Decision Trw
Complete List of Locations/ Sites
Evaluation of Past Operationsat Listed Sites
No1
Potential forContamination Yes
1
Potential for OtherEnvironmental Concerns
lNO I
Refer to BaseEnvironmental
Program
ConsolidateSpecificSite Data
Apply AFHazard RatingMethodology
NumericalSite Rating
Conclusions
Recommendations
1-5
1No FurtherAction
USA? Review of ReportRecommendations
Refer to MedicalServices for
Phase II Action *"> f\ r* o 'o u & u
In addition, records obtained from Air Force Logistics Command
Historical Archives, Wright Patterson AFB, by Mr. Wally Quaider of the AirForce Logistics Command (AFLC) were reviewed. Only a limited amount of thedata obtained in this search were useful. Based on conversations with
personnel at Headquarters, Simpson Historical Research Center, Maxwell AFB,Alabama, and the Office of Air Force History (OAFH), it was determined thatonly the original documents of the microfilm information reviewed at OAFHwere located at Maxwell AFB. Therefore, a trip to Maxwell AFB was notwarranted.
Concurrent with these intitial record reviews, past employees of Olm-sted were contacted for information or to arrange interviews during the sitevisit. In addition, the following Federal, state, and local offices werecontacted for information regarding past activities at Olmsted, environ-mental setting data, and results of environmental investigations:
o United States Environmental Protection Agency Region III, Phila-delphia, PA
o Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources (PA DER),Harrisburg, PA
Regional OfficeOffice of Solid Waste Management
o Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PA DOT), operators ofHarrisburg International Airport, Middletown, PA
o United States Geological Survey (USGS), Reston, VA
o 193D Civil Engineering Flight, Harrisburg International Airport,Harrisburg, PA.
A complete list of contacts made as part of this investigation is providedin Appendix B.
After the collection and review of information gathered off site, afour-person team performed a site investigation of the properties thatOlmsted AFB had comprised. As part of this investigation, the teaminterviewed past employees of the base, including personnel currently
BR3Q002141-6
employed by PA DOT. These interviewees consisted of personnel associated
with maintenance, motor pool, industrial shop, disposal, and construction
activities. Additional activities performed during the site investigationincluded:
o Review of available facility blueprints
o Walk-through investigation of former Olmsted properties, includingPenn State Branch Campus, Sunset Golf Course, Fruehauf property,and the main facility areas now occupied by PA DOT and otherindustrial shops
o Helicopter overflight for photographic survey
o Walk-through investigation of adjacent properties used fordisposal (e.g., Lisa Lake).
The walk-through investigation and helicopter overflight were intended toidentify potential sources of environmental degradation caused by improperdisposal practices and industrial shop activities. Key items of investiga-
tion included:
o Leachate seepso Vegetative stresso Discolored or stained soilso Visible disposal activity (e.g., drums).
From these investigations and record review activities, past hazardouswaste disposal and spill sites with the potential for environmental
contamination were identified. Based on available data, each disposal sitewas assessed for its potential for contaminant migration. If the potentialfor contaminant migration was considered significant, the site was evaluated
and prioritized using two site rating methodologies: the Air Force's Hazard
Assessment Rating Methodology (HARM) and EPA's Hazard Ranking System (HRS).The results for each site ranking and methodologies are provided inAppendices G: HARM and H: HRS.
Utilization of both the HARM and HRS for this investigation is a
different approach than that normally undertaken as part of the Phase I IRPeffort. The HRS was used because Olmsted represents a uniqift rts
1-7
involving sites that have been inactive since the Air Force left theproperty. In addition, it is suspected that other industrial activities mayhave disposed of waste in the area and this could also have resulted incontamination. In short, the inactive disposal sites present at the formerOlmsted Base may be subject to inclusion on EPA's SuperfunH list; the HRSranking is intended to provide a comparison of sites with others rated onthe HRS system.
The results of the hazard rating for each disposal site indicate therelative potential for environmental contamination and migration. For eachsite rated as part of this effort, recommendations have been made on thedegree and scope of further investigation required during a Phase II IRPinvestigation (i.e. , Confirmation/Quantification Phase).
P.n 0 u1-8
is;
Ccv>o•5'r+C
AR300027
2.0 INSTALLATION DESCRIPTION
2.1 LOCATION
The area formerly occupied by Olmsted AFB is located geographically ato ' o 'latitude 40 12 N and longitude 76 45 W in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania.
The base was located approximately eight miles southeast of Harrisburg,Pennsylvania, between the towns of Highspire and Middletown. The base wassituated along U.S. Route 230, with the south border on the SusquehannaRiver The location of the base is shown graphically in Figure 2-1.
The main base area increased throughout its operating life. In 1917,when the base was first occupied, it covered 47 acres. By 1956. it
consisted of approximately 1050 acres with jurisdiction over an additional
492 acres at various remote locations. The real estate under jurisdiction
of the base in 1956 was more than 1540 acres. Table 2-1 provides abreakdown of this real estate. The location of the base and closly related
remote operations are shown in Figure 2-2.
At present, the former location of the base is occupied by HarrisburgInternational Airport and several other entities, including Sunset GolfCourse, the Fruehauf truck trailer manufacturing and leasing facility, Penn
State University Branch Campus, and several small manufacturing facilities.The area surrounding the former base is characterized as-mixed residential-industrial. Middletown, located to the southeast of the base, has apopulation of approximately 11,000, Harrisburg has a population of 68,000,and Dauphin County has a population of 224.000.
2.2 BASE HISTORY
The oroperty formerly occupied by Olmsted was initially established bythe Army as a basic training camp in 1898. Within that same year, followingthe Spanish-American War, the land was reverted back to farmland. In May
1917, the Army Signal Corps established a storage depot on 47 acres of this
AR3000Z82-1
TABLE 2-1.
OLMSTED AFB REAL ESTATE, 1956
Acres
Location Fee Leased
Olmsted AFB (Maintenance Operation, Area) 642.46 2.64
Olmsted AFB (across U.S. 230) 293.28
Approach Zone Area (Sunset Hill) 112.33
Pineford Acres Housing Annex . 50.65
Olmsted-Middletown Storage Annex #2 27.00 1.94
Other Remote MAAMA Support Functions 411.75 1.03
TOTALS 1537.97 5.61
RR30C03Q2-3
2-4
area, which was known as the Aviation General Depot. Warehouses, open shedsand garages were constructed on the site beginning in 1918 for materielstorage. The depot was renamed in 1921 as the Middletown Air IntermediateDepot.
Flying activities at the base began in 1918 with Curtis M-4 aircraftand balloons. At that time, a canvas hangar housed the aircraft maintenanceactivities. The airfield was named the Olmsted Field for Lt- Robert S.Olmsted following his death in a balloon race in 1923.
The functions of the base were increased following World War I toinclude aircraft and accessory repair. Aircraft overhaul facilities wereexpanded and made permanent to accommodate increasing activity, which by
i95i had reached a peak of one plane per day.
From 1931 to 1939, the Middletown Air Depot operations remained stable,and the main functions were supply and maintenance of Army Air Corpsmateriel. During World War II, facilities were expanded. In 1943, thefacility was assigned to the Middletown Air Depot Control Area Command. TheCommand was redesignated the Middletown Air Technical Service Command in1944 and was changed again in 1946 to Middletown Air Materiel Area (MAAMA).
Activities during World War II included overhaul of P-^0, P-38, and B-25
type aircraft. To accommodate the extreme increase in the load of aircraftoverhaul activities, the base used the Farm Show Building in Harrisburg,Pennsylvania, for aircraft engine repair between 1943 and 1945, In 1945,
building T-160 was converted to a POW camp; it was deactivated in February1946,
In September 1947, Olmsted Field was renamed Olmsted Air Force Base' to
coincide with the designation of the Air Force as a separate Department ofDefense establishment. Shortly thereafter, in October 1947, the baseobtained jurisdiction over Pineford Acres for military housing.
2-5
In 1948, four engine test cells were converted for overhaul of jetengines, marking the introduction of jet aircraft to the base. From 1950 to
1955, improvements were made to maintenance hangars, engine test cells, andother maintenance and test buildings to properly handle engineering of jetengine accessories, and radio and electronic components.
In 1951, MAAMA materiel storage operations included 28 differentbuildings at Olmsted and were supported by 6 locations remote to the base,using a total of 1,739,000 square feet of space.
In October 1933, former eastern and northeastern Procurement Districtswere discontinued, and certain functions were reassigned to MAAMA includinglogistics support to the Air Force for procurement and production. MAAMAbecame responsible for procurement support to the northeast United States,including the District of Columbia, Northeast Air Command, Cuba, and theAzores. In April 1955, steps were taken to obtain the Army TransportationCorps, i.e., the depot facilities at Marietta Air Force Station in Marietta,
Pennsylvania, to provide additional support to MAAMA activities.
In 1956, a major expansion of the existing runways to handle jet air-craft was undertaken with an anticipated construction period of four to fiveyears. As part of this program, a tract of land encompassing Sunset Hill(i.e., Sunset Golf Course) was purchased. Since the upper portions of thistract intruded into the required approach glide angle zone, an approximate30-foot sect: on of the top of the hill was removed during runwayconstruction. A golf course was constructed on the site by the Air Force.Additional property was purchased in 1956 to accommodate facility expansion,including property for military housing (Meade Heights)., property west ofthe facility for runway expansion, and property north of U.S. Route 230 foradditional bulk warehousing.
By the early 196C's, Air Force operations at Olmsted began to decrease.The industrial portion of the installation was declared excess to the AirForce in November 1964, and all Air Force operations were ceased by 1966.
SR30GQ332-6
The Air Force field and many of the Air Force buildings are now owned by PA
DOT and operated by Harrisburg International Airport, several small privatemanufacturing companies, and the Air National Guard. The property north ofU.S. Route 250 is now owned by Fruehauf (a truck trailer productionfacility) and a branch campus of Penn State University; Sunset Golf Coursewas sold to Londonderry Township in 1968, and the Middletown storage areasouth of Pineford Acres is now owned by a small chemical company and other
industrial users.
2.3 MISSION AND ACTIVE UNITS
The primary mission of the former Olmsted AFB was to provide support to
the Middletown Air Materiel Area (MAAMA) in conducting its procurement ana
production assignments. Logistical support of Air Force operations for 11
northeast states consisted primarily of supply services and engineering
maintenance. Activities at Olmsted throughout its history included:
o Warehousing and supply of parts, equipment, general supplies, andpetroleum, oil and lubricants (POL) for the northeast procurementdistrict
o Complete aircraft overhaul, including stripping, repainting,engine overhaul, reassembly, and equipment replacement
o Engine and aircraft testing
o General base support maintenance and operation.
MAAMA was supported by a number of "housekeeping" units throughout itshistory. A listing of previous units at Olmsted is provided in Table 2-2.At present, the only active Air Force unit at the former base is the PA AirNational Guard (ANG) 193SOG operating on property leased from PA DOT and
under license to the Air Force. Current activities by the ANG do notinvolve on-site hazardous waste disposal.
ftRSOOOSU2-7
TABLE 2-2.
LISTETC OF PREVIOUS OLMSTEL AFB UNITS
1949
Flight Service, Detachment 1Middletown Air Materiel Area
Hq and Hq SqMiddletown A/D12th Weather Squadron, Detachment 12XIX AF Service Command Support (USAFR)Hq and Hq Sq
64th Troop Carrier Squadron M (USAFR) (403d Troop Carrier Group)1005th Inspector General Support Investigations Unit1731st Air Transportation Squadron1912th AACS Sq
2788th Base Medical Com2911th Area SupportHq and Hq Sq
2912th Area MaintenanceHq and Hq Sq
1955
Air Materiel Command Operating LocationFlight Service, Detachment 1Middletown Air Materiel Area w/Hq
WADC Operating Location6th Weather Group, Detachment 11031 USAF Auditor General Squadron, Operating Location2017 AACS Squadron, Detachment 12700 Explosive Ordnance Disposal Squadron, Detachment 52855 Air Base WingHq2737 Radl Test Fit2843 USAF Hosp3033 Test Fit
3502 USAF Recruiting Group (less dets) flR-3000352-8
TABLE 2-2. Continued
LISTING OF PREVIOUS OLMSTED AFB UNITS
1961
En Contract Management RegionHq
Middletown Air Materiel AreaHq
4th Weather Group, Detachment 121912 AACS Squadron2855 AB WingHq2737 Radl Test Fit2843 USAF Dispensary
3033 Test Fit2861 GEEIA Sq
3502 USAF Recruiting Group
1964
Air Rescue Service, Detachment 9En Contract Management RegionHq
Middletown Air Materiel AreaHq
1st Aeromedical Transportation Group, Detachment 315th Weather Squadron, Detachment 12539 Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, Detachment 11132 USAF Special Activities Squadron, Detachment 121912 Comm Squadron2750 AB Wing, Detachment 152855 AB WingHq1843 USAF Dispensary
2857 Test Squadron2861 GEEIA Squadron3502 USAF Recruiting Group
2-9
3(Q
AR300037
3.0 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING
This section presents a brief summary of the environmental setting atOlmsted Air Force Base, primarily the natural geologic, hydrogeologic, andecologic features that influence the movement of hazardous waste contami-nants. It also presents a summary of environmental investigations conductedat identified disposal or management areas.
3.1 GEOGRAPHY AND TOPOGRAPHY
Olmsted AFB lies within the Triassic Lowland of the PiedmontPhysiographic Province (Figure 3-1). The Triassic Lowland is characterized
by a gently undulating topography, which slopes generally to the south andis traversed by long low ridges and a few round hills. Altitudes en che
Olmsted AFB range from 280 feet above mean sea level (MSL) at nhe
Susquehanna River to approximately 385 feet MSL at the northern boundary.The former main part of the base, containing the air strip, lies on an
alluvial terrace along the Susquehanna River at an altitude of approximately
300 feet MSL. This terrace was named the Singhamton Terrace by Peltier
(1949). The present flood plain has apparently been filled to the level of
this terrace in the vicinity of the base. North of the main base, towardthe Fruehauf truck trailer manufacturing plant, the lana rises abruptly,
where the remnants of two higher terraces at altitudes of approximately 360feet and 380 feet MSL form the landscape (Figure 3-2).
The Sunset Golf Course area lies on a small, steeply sloping hill thatrises abruptly above the surrounding area. During the early to mid-1960'sthe elevation of the hill was lowered by approximately 30 feet to provide a
clear flight-path to base runways. Altitudes of che hill presently rangefrom 280 feet MSL at the Susquehanna River to the southwest, to 543 feet at
the top of the hill. Elevations of the property owned by the Air Forcerange from approximately 355 to 543 feet MSL.
3-1
Figure 3-1
Olmsted Air Force Base
Physiographic Regions of Eastern Pennsylvania
w—
•tEOMONT WOVtNCtmOVINCI
Olmsted20 «o i eo iOOM,,£s 4\jfB
0 20 *0 *0 10 100 120 140 160 KiL
Source; Wood (1980)
Explanation
Physiographic Boundary
Triassic Lowland
3-2 AR3GQ039
260- .-2 0- f
mm o___igro MM ^ jooo 4000 MM eooo __jy>
Vertical Exaggeration 20X
EXPLANATION
Terrace Alluvium
" -i Shale and Sandstone
Rgur» 3-2. Cross-Section Showing Topography and Geology of Olme&FW&J 0 U k 0
3-3
3.2 METEOROLOGY
General climatic conditions at the Olmsted AFB study area arecharacterized by a continental climate, modified and protected somewhat frommore severe weather by the Appalachian Mountain Range to the north. Weatherpatterns vary daily and seasonally from year to year because of prevailingwesterly winds, which bring both high and low pressure systems throughoutthe county (U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service,1972). Temperature and precipitation data for the study area are summarizedin Table 3-1. In more than 75 years of records taken by the U.S WeatherBureau at Harrisburg, the highest and lowest temperatures recorded were 104F and -14 F, respectively. Precipitation records for the area are: maximummonthly rainfall, 18.55 inches; maximum 24-hour rainfall, 12.55 inches, andmaximum 24-hour snowfall, 21.0 inches. The maximum snow accumulationrecorded is 81.3 inches (U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, 1972).
The average annual precipitation ranges from 38.83 inches at YorkV j Haven, Pennsylvania, to 42.97 at Ephrata, Pennsylvania. Mean precipitation
is approximately 41 inches. Precipitation is generally well distributedthroughout the year, although average summer rainfall is slightly higherthan that in any other season. Monthly extremes range from 0.02 to 10.67inches. Dry spells can occur at any time, but extended periods of droughtare rare. Approximately 60 percent of the annual total precipitation occursfrom April to October. About one-tenth of the total precipitation is snow
(U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, 1972, and Wood, 1980).
3.3 SURFACE HYDROLOGY
Olmsted AFB is /situated near the confluence of Swatara Creek and theSusquehanna River. The drainage area of the Susquehanna River above ThreeMile Island, located approximately 2.5 miles downstream, is estimated to be25,000 square miles. Approximately 567 square miles are drained by SwataraCreek, which flows at an average rate of 4,320 cubic feet per second (cfs)
AR3QQOM3-4
Table 3-3 -
TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION DATA (USDA SCS, 1972)
[All data from records at Harriiburr; elevation 365 f«t]
Month
January. ...... ...February. ...Maren .... .April....... ....sfo....Jum ..... . . .July... ...August . . . . .September. . . . . .October . . . . . . .November. ....December. . . . . .
Annual. .......
Temperature
Averagedaily
TtHTfJBfttt]
•F39415063748387857887524163
Averagedaily
T«|mmnm
•f24243141516065645645352543
Averageextreme*naiririMin
•r586071838994969591837160*98
Averageextrememinimum
•r91018303949565342322110*4
Precipitation
Averagetotal
!>.2.S2.33.43.03.93.43.53.72.83.03.02.937.7
One rear in 10will haw-
Leathan—"
In.1.21.31.51.41.01.11.21.2.91.1.71.1
30.8
Morethan— "
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Average number of dayswith depth of—
322(>>00000C)<;>9
1 Leas than 0,5 day. * Highest maximum during 1931-60.1 Trace. * Lowast minimum during 1931-40.
Dates of given probability for temperatures of—Probability
Spring:1 year in 10 later than2 yean in 10 lather than ...5 yean in 10 lather than . . . . . .
Fall:1 year in 10 earlier than. . . . . . . . .2 yemn in 10 earlier than . . . . . . . . .5 yean ia 10 earlier than. - .............
16' F.or lower
Mar. 15Mar. 8Feb. 23
Nov. 26Dee. 1Dee. 12
20' F,or low«
Mar. 21Mar. 16Mar. 6
Nov. 20Nov. 25Dec. 4
24- F.or lower
Apr. 3Mar. 28Mar. 17
Nov. 11Nov. 15Nov. 23
28' F.or lower
Apr. 15Apr. 9Mar. 29
Oct. 31Nov. 4Nov. 12
32* F.or lower
Apr. 27Apr. 22Apr. 13
Oct. 8Oct. 14Oct. 24
3-5
JU2
(U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, 1972). Flow characteristics of theSusquehanna River are highly variable. A summary of flow data recorded atHarrisburg over the period 1891-1965 is given below.
Parameter
Minimum flow (Sept. 28, 1964)Median annual flowAverage flowMean annual floodMaximum flood (March 19, 1936)
(Source: U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, 1972)
Flow (cfs)
1,70020,00034,000300,000740,000
Additional data on the seasonal flow variations of the river are givenin Figure 3-3. The data provided shows mean monthly low flows forrecurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, 20 , and 50 years. Low flow periodsgenerally occur in the late summer and fall. Minimum monthly flowsgenerally follow the 50-year curve. On June 24, 1972, rains from tropicalstorm Agnes resulted in a flood volume of 1 ,000,000 cfs . considerably inexcess of the maximum flow recorded in the period of record. The tropicalstorm resulted in recorded water levels of 300.0 feet MSL at Three MileIsland (U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, 1972). The average river level is278 feet MSL, approximately 22 feet below the elevation of the main base.
The river and streams in the vicinity of Olmsted AFB are presently usedfor industrial supplies, power generation, boating, fishing, and recreation.Public water supplies are not obtained from surface waters directlydownstream from the former base* Sport fishing is done in all streams inthe general area of the base; however, commercial fishing does not occur.
The Olmsted AFB grounds and surrounding area drain predominantly to thesouthwest via local streams and drainage ditches toward the SusquehannaRiver, Localized depressions north of the main base along ulSWBetUtv fe30
3-6
JAN. "ES. MAR. APR. MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. J
Figure 3-3. Susquehanna River at Harrisburg Mean Monthly Low
Flow Summary (U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, 1972)
f n o •"•; ?~>Hrfo<jlJ3-7
and west of the main base runway area act as catch basins, trapping surface
runoff. An extensive, complex drainage system is present on the main basearea. Drainage runs to the north and south of the air strip, as well astoward the center, where runoff is captured by a series of drains anddischarged into the Susquehanna River. Figure 3-4 illustrates the drainagefeatures of Olmsted AFB and the surrounding area.
Several ponds and swamp'areas are present on and adjacent to the formerOlmsted AFB property (Figure 3-4). These areas are a result of:
o The presence of localized topographic depressions, which restrictand confine surface drainage and are usually underlain byfine-grained soils of low permeability
o The naturally occurring discharge of groundwater from "heunconsolidated groundwater aquifers
o The discharge of groundwater from the unconsolidated sedimentsinto manmade depressions or into areas excavated below the localgroundwater table.
Virtually all of the main base area of Olmsted AFB lies within thelimits of the 100-year flood plain and is therefore susceptible to flooding.A map depicting the extent of the 100-year flood plain in the area is shown
in Figure 3-5.
3.4 SOILS
Fourteen soil units have been mapped at Olmsted AFB by the U.S.Department of Agriculture (USDA), Soil Conservation Service (1972). Becauseof the base's geographic setting, the majority of the soil units presentimpose severe constraints on land disposal facilities because of theseasonally high water table, periodic flooding, and high permeabilitycharacteristics.
More than 75 percent of the soils on the Olmsted AFB property have beenclassified as urban land by the Soil Conservation Service (SCS). This unitconsists of soils whose original soil profile has been destroyed or coveredby earth-moving equipment* Blast-furnace slag was used for
3-8
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runway was extended during 1958-1961 and covers a large portion of the mainbase airfield area. Soil borings taken in the area reveal a deep subsoilcomposed of a mixture of alluvial terrace and flood plain deposits (Figures3-6 and 3-7).
Blast-furnace slag was also used as fill material at Sunset Golf Courseand covers a large portion of this area. Residual soils formed on thediabase in this area are comprised chiefly of stiff clays. These clays arerelatively impervious and are poorly drained (U.S. Department of Agricul-ture , SCS , 1972) . Surface soils are described in Table 3-2 and areillustrated in Figures 3-8 and 3-9.
Although no attempts have been made to estimate the physical propertiesof urban land soils, it is reasonable to assume that they impose the sameconstraints as surrounding natural soils on disposal site construction,i.e., the occurrence of a high water table and periodic flooding. Inaddition, McGlade and Geyer (1976) have described this area as undesirablefor solid-waste disposal sites because of moderate to steep slopes , deeplydissected terrain, thin soil cover, and high groundwater levels. The SunsetGolf Course area was also described as undesirable because of extremelyvariable rock weathering depths, steep slopes, usually thin soil cover,boulder fields, and difficult excavation characteristics.
3.5 GEOLOGY
The geologic and groundwater resource data compiled in support of thisinvestigation were provided in reports from Stose and Jonas (1933), Meislerand Longwill (1961), McGlade and Geyer (1976), and Wood (1980). A briefreview of their work is provided in the following sections.
3.5.1 General Features
Olmsted AFB and the surrounding area are underlain by complexlyinterbedded sedimentary rock formations, which form the Newark Group ofTriassic Age. In the general area of the base, the Newark Group,
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3-16
Figure 3-9.
Olmsted AFBSunset Golf Course
SOILS(Source: USOA SCS, 1972)
3-rl?
into the New Oxford Formation and the overlying Gettysburg Formation. TheGettysburg Formation, as described by Wood (1980), consists of red shale;red, brown, and gray medium- Co fine-grained sandstone; and quartzconglomerate and limestone conglomerate, all of which are interbedded tosome extent. In the vicinity of it's ^ype locality Gettysburg, Pennsylvania,the formation is estimated to be 15,500 feet thick.
The New Oxford formation, as described by Wood (1980), consists ofarkose, conglomerate, and red sandstone; siltstone; and shale, whichunconformably overlie lower Paleozoic and Precambrian rocks. The estimatedthickness of this formation is 4,'800 to 6,900 feet. The Newark Group, as awhole, occupies a series of disconnected, down-faulted basins that extendfrom Nova Scotia to North Carolina. In Pennsylvania, the Newark group ispart of the largest Triassic basin in the eastern United States, a basinwhich extends from New Jersey to Virginia (Meisler and Longwill, 1961). Thestructure of the rocks in the Newark Group, as described by Wood (1980), isa broadly north-northwestward dipping homocline, modified by local foldsplunging northward and reverse dips adjacent to the north border of thebasin (where large faults form the northern boundary), and is cut by a fewfaults at large angles to the strike of bedding. The dip of beddingthroughout most of the area is north to northwestward, ranging commonly from20° to 40°.
The sedimentary rocks of the Newark Group have been intruded by largesills and cross-cutting bodies of diabase and by many long narrow dikes.According to Wood (1980), many of these bodies have risen along fracturesassociated with faults, implying that the faults existed before the diabasewas emplaced. The diabase is resistant to errosion and is a major ridgeformer in the area. Wood (1980) indicates that the majority of narrow dikesare rarely more than 100 feet thick with 50 feet being typical of prominantdikes. Larger sheets, such as those in the Sunset Golf Course area,generally range in thickness from a few hundred feet to approximately 2,000feet. Immediately adjacent to the diabase, McGlade and Geyer (1976)indicated that the pre-existing rock of the Gettysburg Formation has been
RR3000553-18
altered -chemically and physically (contact metamorphosed) by the intruding , jdiabase. Red and pinkish sandstones have been bleached to a grayishquartzite. Red shales have been altered ("baked") to a very tough,bluish-black, purplish hornfels. McGlade and Geyer (1976) describe the"baked" shale as being more resistant to weathering than some diabase.
3.5.2 Local Features
Detailed information on the geology and groundwater resources of thearea is provided in Meisler and Longwill (1961) and from borings and welllogs of wells on the Olmsted AFB property (Appendix D). The base isunderlain by shale and sandstone units of the Gettysburg Formation (Figure3-10 and Table 3-3). These units, as described by Meisler and Longwill(1961), consist of alternating beds of soft red sandstone, siltstone, andshale. Wood (1980) describes the beds as being overlapping, lense shaped,and discontinuous in all directions, but they may extend for severalthousand feet. Table 3-4 illustrates the complex interbedded nature of theconsolidated sedimentary rocks underlying the base and the surrounding area. \,_/The estimated thickness of these units is 7,500 to 10,000 feet (McGlade andGeyer, 1976). Meisler and Longwill (1961) indicate that little pure shaleis present in the Gettysburg Formation of the north base area and thatquartz grains ranging in size from silt to very small pebbles and red clayare the chief constituents of the formation. The sandstone and siltstonebeds are described as being poorly sorted and weakly cemented with calciumcarbonate. Meisler and Longwill (1961) describe the beds as being composedof the same materials (predominantly sand, silt, and clay) but they differfrom one another by the relative proportion of these constituents.Electrical-resistivity logs from the base show that most of the rocks in thearea are in fact fairly uniform, and that they have a high clay content.Variations in resistivity caused by lithologic changes such as decreasedclay content, greater degree of cementation, or density of rock at variousdepths were also indicated (Meisler and Longwill, 1961).
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Table 3-4.
Sample Log of Well Da-7.North Base Area, Olmsted AFB
Dtftk</«*)
SUtstone, red. sandy, qnara grains, oatoareous; also torn* flne-g*alnedangular quarts and poorly toned sandstone——————_——___ 100-110
SUtstone, red, as above; soft clay pocket encountered by drill__„__ 110-120BUtstore, red, u above; some medium and coarse quart* aand.._.,~..« 120-180SUtstone, red, as above™————_...___-.___._______ 130-140SUtatona, red, u above; some medium and coarse qoartx "md......... 140-150Shale, red; a tittle coarse quart* sand—„.——,,„„___—„_. 160-160Sandstone, red. fine* to medlam-graineO, quartz. subangular, fairly wellsorted, calcareous—.... .—. .—....——.-„,.-.—.--..——.--..-„- 160-180
Sandstone, medium framed, as above; a tittle ml sbal*—————__— 180-200Sample missing—————.„————————„„————„——....—— 200-210Sandstone as above; red sUtstone and sh»li—w™-,™._™,.w.. 210-220Sandstone as above; a little ted f»t«»?M....u .....LJ......_IJJL 220-230Stltstone. red; some sandstone: a Uttle red shale: soft elar pocket «ti-countered by drill....™.——.„—____._______...___ 2SO-240
Siltstone, red. as above—————,—————————_——————.——. 240-270Siltstone, red. as above; a little course quartz uod————————..—— 270-280Sandstone, fine- to medium-Brained, as above; red siltstone as above...- 280-300Sandstone, median- to wane-grained; red siltstone as above; calcite orlimestone -,—————————...—_————„——————————— 800-810
SUtstone, red; sandstone.———-_-.,———.————_.——————— 810-320Siltstone. red; some •*nd«i™«-rT-rT——... ——,.r——.....—..-.-.-,- 320-330Sandstone, aedlnm-srtlned; •Utttaaf-.—....-r........MJ....—_..... 830-850Sandstone, fine- to medlam*fralned; red sUtstouc-.——....—--..—- 390-860Sandstone, medium- to coarse-fraluad; Uttle sUtstone_.-___..._-™ 360-370Sandstone, coarse-irained; Uttle ftit«tmi« _±—___, „„....„.„,„.„ 870-880Sandstone, eoane-Rralned; •m***—,... . „—. ...—„„_,_„...„. 890-400SUtstone, red; medium- to coarse-trained sandstone»«.M.....H.«. 400-420Sandstone, medlom- to coane-fralned; some red siltjtoae—i———.— 420-440Sandstone, medium- to eoane-traloed; some red siltstone; a little redshale ..--....—.....—..j .L.............__....._„.....,_.... 440-490
Sandstone, medium-trained; some red ailtstone-....—.-.—.—-« —— 450-400Sandstone, medium- to coarse-fmlned; son»e red siltitone™--—.—-_™ 440-4SOSUtstone. sandy, red; aedlnm- to coarse grained sandstone——————. 480-490Randstone, medium- to coarse-grained; red sUtstone.—-—--~-.-—— 460-000Sandatone, medium- to coarse-trained; seme red alUstoae——... „..— 800-610Sandstone, fine- to medium-grained t aoae red •iiffMM_.....TT-....1t-r- 610-380Sandstone, coarae-fralned; some sUtstone————™—-.,——«„,— 830-WOailtstone, red; some •pM"*"'*_J..-.-l.__l.Ljl.r.______„ _„.__^- 640-580Sandstone, medium- to coarse-grained; some red sUtatone.....»—.... 650-660Sandatone, medium- to coarse-fralnvd; some red siltstone and ealdta~ 660-070SUtstone. red———————.——_—————_——„———„.—— 570-560Sandstone, medium-grained; red shale and siltstone———————__ 680-990Sandstone, medium- to coarse-grained; sotue siltstone and shale__.~. 590-600Sandstone, medium- to coarse-grained; some red siltstone.———.- 600-440Sandstone, medium-grained, nd slltstone™_»_.™«™_—™_— 640-650SUtstone, ftd; fine- to medium-grained sandstone——————————- 650-4HOSUtstone, red; city pocket eneounttred by drill at 975 ft—————— 660-f *0
(Note: See Figure 3-14 for Well Location)
(Soiree: Meisler and Longwlll. 1961) . AR30GC53
3-22
The strike of bedding in the Gettysburg Formation at Olmsted AFB can beseen on aerial photographs in the stream beds of Swatara Creek and theSusquehanna River. Meisler and Longwill (1961) report that the strike ofthe beds ranges from N 5°E to N 65°E with an average strike of N 43 E. Thedip of bedding is to the northwest at angles ranging from 19 to 38 . Theaverage of nine dip measurements taken by Meisler and Longwill (1961) nearthe Fruehauf trailer manufacturing plant in the north base area wasapproximately N 26 W. Faults have not been mapped in the GettysburgFormation in the immediate Olmsted AFB area, however, this unit may beextensively fractured and jointed locally. Figure 3-10 delineates majorfracture traces in the area.
The Gettysburg Formation throughout most of Olmsted AFB is covered byalluvial terrace deposits of Quaternary Age (Figure 3-10). These depositsoccur at three levels (Figure 3-2), marking the three glacial events of theIllinoian to late Wisconsin ages (Stose and Jonas, 1933). The terracedeposits, as described by Stose and Jonas (1933), contain "pebbles and cob-bles of granite and other igneous rocks, metamorphic rocks, various s.—Squartzites, cherts, and boulders of 5 to 10 feet in dimension." The lowestterrace deposit, upon which the main portion of the base is situated, occursat approximately 300 feet MSL and is described by Meisler and Longwill(1961) as consisting of gravel and sand approximately 30 feet thick. Thealluvium of the higher terraces, which occur at approximately 340 and 380feet MSL, is described as consisting of thin discontinuous deposits as muchas 20 feet thick; however, in the general area, they may be less than 10feet thick. These findings are substantiated by soil borings taken atvarious locations throughout the base (Figure 3-6) and by well logs foron-base wells (Appendix D). Stose and Jonas^(1933) have described the upperportion if the underlying Gettysburg Formation as having been deeply
weatherer and broken to a depth of approximately 10 feet prior to thedeposition of the gravel. Consequently, cracks between blocks in theuppermost portion of the Gettysburg Formation are filled with sands.
AR3000603-23
3.6 WATER SUPPLY
Harrisburg International Airport and associated facilities, the MeadeHeights (Capehart Housing Unit), the Pennsylvania State Branch Campus,Fruehauf trailer manufacturing plant, and the Odd Fellows Home receive theirwater supplies from wells located in the maintenance operation (main base)area of the former base. The remaining area surrounding the base receivesits water supply from the Middletown Municipal Water Authority and fromprivately owned wells.
With the exception of several privately owned wells, all groundwatersupplies in the area are derived from confined artesian aquifers in theGettysburg Formation. Locations of and data on these wells are given inFigure 3-11, Table 3-5, and Appendix D. Because of past and presentcontamination an.d mechanical problems, the use and pumping rates of thesupply wells on base have historically varied. A summary of availableservice information on the wells is presented in Table 3-6. Water from theon-base wells is currently stored and distributed from five large storagetanks, which have a combined capacity of approximately 2.7 mil lion gal Ions(Leninger, 1983). Additional information regarding the water resources atOlmsted AFB is provided in the following sections.
3.7 GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY .
.3.7.1 General Features .
Groundwater on the former Olmsted AFB occurs under both confined andunconfined (water table) conditions. The water table aquifer on the basecomprises terrace alluvium and the weathered Gettysburg Formation. Thealluvium' and weathered substrate are not believed to be a significantaquifer at the base, but rather provide a permeable rece- tor forprecipitation which infiltrates rapidly and provides a major ource ofrecharge to the underlying confined aquifers in the Gettysburg Formation(Meisler and Longwill, 1961). This upper aquifer -extends to a depth ofapproximately 40 feet on the main base, to approximately 20 feet in the
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north base area, and grades gradually into the underlying confined aquifers.The potentiometric surface and the general direction of flow in the water \ Jtable aquifer are shown in Figure 3-12. Records of wells located in thearea indicate that this aquifer is not extensively used (Wood, 1980).
According to Meisler and Longwill (1961), groundwater in the GettysburgFormation occurs under artesian conditions. Because of the complex
heterogenepus nature of bedding in the Gettysburg Formation, the exactlocation, the extent, and the hydraulics between individual aquifers at thebase are not well defined. According to Wood (1980), most of the water inthe Gettysburg Formation occurs and moves through narrow secondary openings,such as bedding planes, joints, and faults. Primary porosity (the spacesbetween individual grains) contributes only a slight amount of water, whiletracture porosity provides for the majority of flow within the aquifers.The number and width of openings, and consequencly the permeability, differfrom one bed to another. Individual beds range in thickness from a fewinches to a few feet. In a series of beds 100 feet thick, Wood (1980)indicates that there may be only one or two beds in which the openings arewell enough developed to permit the bed to transmit significant amounts of ~ *J
water.
As some beds contain more openings than others, the confinedgroundwater system in the Gettysburg Formation consists of a series ofalternating tabular aquifers that generally dip 26 to the northwest.According to Wood (1980), the network of water-bearing fractures in each
aquifer is more or less continuous along strike. Thus, the greatestmovement of water in response to pumping is parallel to the strike ofbedding, but the continuity of individual beds is limited by faulting andpinching out. According to Wood (1980), aquifers in the Gettysburg Formationgenerally extend downdip from a few hundred feet to as much as 3,000 feetbelow land surface, and they generally intersect the surface within severalhundred feet of wells placed in them. Wood (1980) also indicates that thehydraulic connection between individual aquifers in the Gettysburg Formationis generally poor and that wells deeper than 200 feet generally tap water
from more than one aquifer. unon**^/-/-A rt o c »j 056 i3-29
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3.7.2 Water Budget
A water budget for West Conewago Creek, located approximately 5 milessouthwest of Middletown, was prepared by Wood (1980) and is shown in Table3-7. Because a large part of the West Conewago Creek basin is underlain bythe Gettysburg Formation and diabase, it is reasonable to assume that dataprovided in Table 3-7 are representative of the Olmsted area.
According to Table 3-7, the greatest period of evapotranspiration isMay through August, and this period coincides with the period of greatestwithdrawal of groundwater and soil moisture from storage. Runoff decreasesduring this period, because much of the rainfall is stored as soil moisture.Most groundwater recharge takes place before the end of November. Theperiod of greatest increase in soil moisture storage is from October throughJanuary. The combined soil moisture and groundwater storage decreases by 6inches between April and September. Approximately 80 percent of thisdecrease results from soil moisture storage. Annual stream dischargeaverages approximately 15.5 inches, and approximately 38.5 percent, or 6inches, of average annual runoff is base flow. Because recharge equalsdischarge under natural conditions, about 6 inches of water is beingrecharged to the aquifers at Olmsted AFB in an average year (Wood, 1980).
3.7.3 Local Features
A detailed report of the groundwater resources at the base is given byMeisler and Longwill (1961). Supply wells on the base are multiaquifer andrange in depth from 300 to 800 feet. A cross-section showing the depth ofwell penetration on the main base as well as the dip of bedding is shown inFigure 3-13. According to Meisler and Longwill (1961), these wells can begrouped into four distinct areas that have similar hydrologic and
geochemical characteristics:
1. The eastern area of the main base, comprising well numbers Da-30,81, 82, 83, and 84 (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5)
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2. The central area, comprising well numbers Da-87, 89, and 92 (8,10, and 13)
3. The western area, comprising well numbers Da-85, 88, 90, 91, and93 (6, 9, 11, 12, and 14)
4. The north base area, comprising well numbers Da-77, 78, 79, andincluding Gulf Oil Corporation well numbers Da-94, 95, and 96(turnpike rest stop).
The locations of these areas and the wells are shown in Figures 3-14and 3-15. A summary of the hydrologic characteristics of these wells isprovided in Table 3-8. Well specification data for each individual well areprovided in Appendix D. Well specification data and the locations of otherwells in the proximity of Olmsted AFB are presented in Figure 3-11 andAppendix D.
According to Meisler and Longwill (1961), pumping rates of wells in theeastern area range from 150 to 260 gpm, and the specific capacities of thewells range from 0.80 to 2.3 gpm per foot of drawdown. The average
transmissibility of the aquifers in this area is approximately 25,000 gpd-4•, ,, per foot. The storage coefficient of the aquifers is 2.8 x 10 . A
cross-section showing the relation of strata penetrated by the wells in theeastern area is shown in Figure 3-16. Pump testing in the area indicatedhydraulic connection between well numbers Da-80, 81, 82, and 83, (1, 2, 3,and 4, respectively). The presence of an impermeable boundary was alsorevealed in the area during testing, although the exact nature of theboundary was not identified.
Well depths in the central area range from 452 to 800 feet. Pumpingrates of the wells range from 130 to 750 gpm. The specific capacity of wellnumber Da-89 (10) is 2.3 gpm per foot of drawdown. The averagetransmissibility of the aquifer is estimated to be less than 12,000 gpd perfoot. The storage coefficient of the aquifer is estimated to be less than
-41.2 x 10 . A pump test in the central area revealed that well numbersDa-87 and Da-92 (8 and 13) are hydraulically connected. It is not knownwhether other wells in this area are hydraulically connected. Pump testingof these wells also revealed the presence of a recharge boundary caused by
AR30007I3-34
3-35
A t/ELL LOCATIONS and NUMBER1000_______0_______1000______2000 Fwt
' ^
Rgure3-15. Well Locations-North Base Area
BR3GQQ73
TABLE 3-8
HYDROLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS OF WELLS ON OLMSTED Al?. FORCE BASE(MEISLER AND LONGWILL, 1961)
(Specific capacity: r -reported; m -measured)
SpecificCapacity
Depth Pumping (gpm per ft Transmissivity StorativityWell No. (feet) Rate (gpm) drawdown) (gpd per ft)
Eastern area
Da-80 (AFB-1) 629 260 1.9r81 (AFB-2) 450 150 2.3m82 (AFB-3) 450 185 .93r 25,000 28X10"383 (AFB-4) 459 185 .80r84 (AFB-5) 776 235
Central area
Da-87 (AFB-8) 452 13089 (AFB-10) 450 750 2.3r <12,000 <12X10~592 (AFB-13) 800 485
Western area
Da-85 (AFB-6) 500 330 2.5r88 (AFB-9) 451 265 1.4r90 (AFB-11) 600 660 15™ <55,000 <10xlO*:>91 (AFB-12) 600 640 I8r93 (AFB-14) 800 758 4.6r
North Base area
Da-77 700 .33r78 300 .42m79 300 6694 85 1,20095 70 2.3r96 85
AR3000/U3-37
Figure 3-16.Cross-Section Showing Relation o.f Strata Penetrated
by Wells in the Eastern Part of Olmsted AFB .
D»-83 Da-81 Da-80 Da-82
200 100 - 9______JOO FEETHORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL SCALE
a. Strata penetrated only by Da-83.b. Strata penetrated only by Da-81 and 83.c. Strata penetrated only by Da-80, 81, and 83.d. Strata penetrated only by Da-80, 81, and 82.e. Strata penetrated only by Da-80 and 82.f. Strata penetrated only by Da-80.g. Strata not penetrated.
(Source: Meisler and LongwH!, 1961)
3-38 AR300075
the induced recharge from the Susquehanna Rivet, which is approximately2,200 feet from well number Da-87 (8). Whether the Susquehanna is \^Srecharging the aquifer directly or recharging the overlying alluvium is notknown. In either case, the pumping of well number Da-92 (13) results indiversion of the river water to wells at the base (Meisler and Longwill,1961).
Wells in the western area are pumped at rates ranging from 265 gprn to758 gpm, and the specific capacities of these wells are reported asapproximately 1.4 gpm per foot of drawdown. The co*flicient of transmissi-bility of the aquifers penetrated by well number Da-91 (12) was calculatedto be approximately 55,000 gpd per foot. The storage coefficient is
-4calculated to be 1.0 x 10 . Pump testing indicated that wells Da-88, 90,and 91 (9, 11, and 12) were hydraulically connected. A cross-sectionshowing the relation of strata penetrated by wells in this area is shown inFigure 3-17. Electrical resistivity logs of well number Da-93 (14) indicatethat water-bearing sandstone strata occur at depths of 250, 690, and 750feet. Well records provided by Wood (1980) for well number Da-90 (11) showdepths to water-bearing zones occurring at 125, 235, 288, 425, and 520 feet ^^(Appendix D). Meisler and Longwill (1961) report that the probableimportant water-bearing zones occur in the upper half of this well. Theeffect of a recharge boundary was revealed during pump testing in the area.The source of induced recharge to these wells has also been shown to be theSusquehanna River (Meisler and Longwill, 1961). Because of the thickness ofalluvium on the main portion of the base, induced recharge to the wells maybe from the alluvium, which In turn is recharged by the river.
Reported specific capacities from wells in the north base area rangedfrom 0.33 in well Da-77 to 2.3 in a Gulf Oil service station well (Da-94, 95or 96) located nearby (Figure 3-15). The measured specific capacity of wellDa-78 is reported to be 0.42, and the coefficient of transn^ssibility of theaquifer tapped by well Da-78 is reported to be approximately 1,250 gpd perfoot. A cross-section showing the relation of strata penetrated in theFruehauf area is shown in Figure 3-18. According to Meisler and Longwill(1961), little or no leakage occurs between aquifers in this area* r) -~• *-\ n 7 C
A fv O U Uu / D ^J
3-39
Figure 3-17Cross-Section Showing Relation of Strata Penetrated
by Wells in the Western Part of Olmsted AFB
D«-»l Oi-90 D«-M
400 200 0 400 FEETt . . _. i iHORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL SCALE
a. Strata penetrated only by Da-91.b. Strata penetrated only by Da-90 and 91,c. Strata penetrated only by Da-88 and 90d. Strata penetrated only by Da-88.e. Strata not penetrated.
(Source: Melaler and Longwill. 1961)
AR3Q00773*40
Figure 3-18Cross Section Showing Relation of Strata Penetratedby Wells in the North Base Area of Olmsted AFB
0«-7S Di-?9 D»*77 Oi-95
200 100 0______20OFEETHORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL SCALE
a. Strata penetrated only by Da-78.b. Strata penetrated only by Da-77 and 79.c. Strata penetrated only by Da-77, 79, and 95d. Strata penetrated only by Da-77 ana 95.e. Strata penetrated only by Da-71f. Strata not penetrated.
(Source: Meisler and Longwill. 1861)
RR3Q0078
Pump testing of well Da-78 revealed the presence of two impermeableboundaries. One boundary was thought to be a point at which the aquiferoutcrops, and the other was believed to represent a point at which theaquifer pinches out (Meisler and Longwill, 1961K The location and distancefrom well Da-78 to these points is not known.
According to Meisler and Longwill (1961), the underlying strata in thisarea do not yield large supplies of groundwater- This may be caused by achange in lithology that occurs within the Gettysburg Formation between thisarea and the main portion of the base, the absence of extensive rechargingalluvium in this area, or both (Figure 3-10).
3.7.4 Golf Course Area
A large diabase sill forms and underlies the Sunset Golf Course ''Figure3-10). Therefore, this area is hydrologically unique to the main portion ofthe Olmsted AFB. The thickness of the diabase is not known, but accordingto Wood (1980), large sheets such as this generally range in thickness froma few hundred feet to approximately 2,000 feet. The diabase, as described byWood (1980), is medium- to course-grained, dark gray rock composed chieflyof gray plagioclase and black or greenish-black pyroxene. The rock inoutcrop is massive and weathers into large spheroidal boulders that coverwide areas (McGlade and Geyer, 1976).
Well yields and the movement of groundwater in the diabase are largelydependent on the number, size, and extent of fracturing. According to Wood(1980), the diabase weathers to a .maximum depth of approximately 30 feet,and almost all groundwater storage occurs in this zone. Wood (1980) reportsthat the size of .fracture openings decreases rapidly with depth, andfractures capable of transmitting water, are rarely found below 150 feet.Fracture traces in this irea have been mapped and are shown in Figure 3-10.The potentiometric surface and the direction of groundwater flow in thisarea are shown in Figure 3-13. Wood (1980) reports that the diabase in theOlmsted area is a poor aquifer. The medium yield of domestic andnon-domestic wells in the diabase is reported to be 6 gpm (Wood, 1980).
&R3QOQ793-42
Because the diabase is such a poor aquifer, it tends to act as a barrier tothe movement of groundwater through the Gettysburg Formation. One well now ^_Jowned by Londonderry Township is present on the golf course property (wellnumber Da-382, Figure 3-12). Depths to water-bearing zones in the diabaseat this well are reported to occur at 48 and 78 feet, and the reported yieldof the well is 18 gpm. Total well depth is 81 feet below land surface(Appendix D). Well specification data for domestic wells at the 'base of thegolf course area were unavailable.
According to Wood (1980), neither the proximity to the low-permeabilitydiabase nor the alteration (baking) of the shale and sandstone to hornfelsand quartzite near diabase intrusives affects well yields. Yields that aretypically higher than those normally found in the Gettysburg Formation areoften found at the contact between the base of a sill and the underlyingsedimentary rock (Wood, 1980).
3.8 GROUNDWATER QUALITY
3.8.1 Geochemistry ^~S
Groundwater in the maintenance operations area of Olmsted AFB is
typically high in calcium and low in sodium and potassium. The chemicalcomposition of the water differs from well to well, and in any given well itvaries with time. Hardness, as calcium carbonate, ranges from 137 to 826parts per million (ppm). Dissolved solids range from 200 to 1,340 ppm(Meisler and Longwill, 1961). Analysis of water from well numbers Da-80 toDa-93 (1 through 14) on the main base are given in Appendix D.
• According to Meisler and Longwill (1961), groundwater in the North Basearea is much softer and contains fewer diss-lved solids than groundwater onthe main base. The groundwater of the P.a in base area falls into threegeochemical groups that coincide with the previously discussed hydro logicareas (Figure 3-14).
ft "^ o r* n n p nA n o w c -w o U j
3-43
The eastern part of the r«ain base area has been yielding groundwatersince 1941. According to Meisler and Longwill (1961), groundwater in thisarea is moderate to very hard and is fairly high in dissolved solids.Sulfate content, hardness, and specific conductance of this water decreasedfrom 1953 to 1961 and then displayed an increasing trend from 1961 to 1965Appendix D-3 (Appendix D).
Groundwater from the central area is described by Meisler and Longwill(1961) as being relatively low in sulfate content, containing less dissolvedsolids, and though hard, it is much softer than water in the eastern area.Little change in the chemical character of groundwater took place between1956 and 1958 (Appendix D).
The western area has yielded water since 1953. Groundwater has beencharacterized by a rapid change in chemical character from moderate sulfatecontent in 1955 to high sulfate content in 1965. Specific conductance andhardness also rose sharply during this period. From 1965 to 1967, adeclining trend in these chemical constituents was indicated (Appendix D,well number Da-90).
Each of these area:; has had a different pumping history. Availablehistorical data for the wells in each area is provided in Appendix D.Variations in usage and the pumping rate in each of these areas arereflected in the change in chemical character of the groundwater. Theprogressive change in water character toward the calcium sulfate type in thewestern area is attributed to induced recharge from the Susquehanna River(Meisler and Longwill, 1961). According to Meisler and Longwill (1961):
Groundwater in the main part of Olmsted Air Force Baseappears to be a mixture of two chemical types: (a) the calciumbicarbonate type, as exemp ified by water from the central area ,and by the early analyses cf water from the western area, and (b)the calcium sulfate type as exemplified by water from the easternarea and by the 1958 analyses from the western area. Water froma newly pumped or little-pumped area falls within the calciumbicarbonate type and is low In dissolved solids. As heavy
AR30008I3-44
pumping continues, the water changes to the calcium sulfate type •, jand becomes harder, and the dissolved solids increase. The first -"type probably represents water that is being recharged byprecipitation at the outcrop area under the alluvium. The secondtype represents water that has been in storage in the aquifer,probably downdip from the pumped well.
Although this explanation may be correct, Wood (1980) suggests thatsome of the increase in sulfate concentration may be caused by leaching ofblast furnace slag that was used for fill when the runway was extendedduring 1958 to 1961. Variation- in the geochemical character of groundwater
between the north base and the main base areas are probably caused bylithologic changes within the Gettysburg Formation between these areas(Figure 3 10). Groundwater derived from sandstone aquifers typically haslower dissolved solid contents and is generally softer then that derivedfrom shales.
According to Wood (1980), groundwater in the diabase that underlies theSunset Golf Course is commonly of poor quality. Groundwater in areasunderlain by diabase in residential areas with on-site sewage systems is -**often polluted with septic tank effluent. In addition, in some instances,wells in diabase have reportedly become cloudy during or after periods ofheavy rain (Wood, 1930). These problems are indicative of a shallow
circulation system in the aquifer. Chemical analysis data for groundwaterin well Da-382, located in r.he golf course area, are shown in Appendix D.
3.8.2 Contamination
Several supply wells (numbers Da-87, 89, and 92, or Air Force wells 8
10, and 13, respectively) in the main base area were contaminated bypetroleum products between 1957 ar 1 1972 and consequently were put out ofservice during this time period. Contamination of the wells occurred as theresult of leakage from fuel lines through the alluvium into the underlyingaquifers. Flood waters from tropical storm Agnes (1972), which inundatedthe area, reportedly flushed the contaminants from the groundwater system.
Traces of petroleum products were not detected in the wells af(Leninger, 1983).
3-45
of the supply wells on the base have become contaminated withtrace amounts of Trichloroethylene (TCE), Tetrachloroethylene (PCE), andother volatile organic compounds. Wells tested b'y PA DER at HarrisburgInternational Airport (HIA) showed contaminant levels ranging from 0 to236.0 parts per billion (ppb) for TCE and from 0 to 13.0 ppb for PCE. Asummary of PA DER well sampling results is given in Table 3-9. Initial
sampling of wells at HIA (main base area) performed on 14 March 1983revealed that well Da-92 (AF well 13) contained high levels of both TCE andPCE (93.0 and 13.0 ppb, respective'/)' Veil Da-92 was subsequently takenout of service as a precautionary measure in March 1983. Since this time,contaminant levels have not significantly increased or decreased. WellDa-92 is located on the central area of the main base near buildings 142 and267 (Figure 3-14). Both buildings are presently occupied by industrialshops that appear to have hazardous waste streams (Table 3-10).
Since this initial sampling round, four other wells have beensignificantly contaminated with TCE to the extent that these wells have beentaken out of service by HIA officials. One of these wells, Da-93, has thehighest measured levels of TCE of any well in the main base area (236.0ppb). Well Da-93 is located very close to well Da-92 (Figure 3-14).
Formal Federal drinking water standards for TCE and PCE do notcurrently exist. EPA's Office of Drinking Water has established "SuggestedNo Adverse Response Levels" (SNARL's) for TCE and PCE at 4.5 and 3.5 ppb,respectively. The 4.5 ppb safety level was drawn from researchers'estimates that a person can drink 2 liters of water contaminated at 4.5 ppbfor 70 years and have 1 chance in i million of developing cancer from it.
In the absence of mandatory Federa" limits, PA DER has set limits fororganic chemicals as follows:
o 4.5 ppb - notification level - The water supplier is to benotified of the organics level and the risks involved. Thesupplier is given the option of notifying the affected publicwhile trying to lower the level of contaminants. * r* r\ r-n f\ n f\AR300083
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3 47 RR3D0081;
TABLE 3-10.
TCE AND PCE ANALYTICAL RESULTS FOR SAMPLES TAKEN ATOLMSTED AIR FORCE BASE (PA DER)
Concentration (ppb)
Sample Location
Penn. State Campus
Post Run (Headwall atOld Steam Plant)
Building No. 207
Building No. 217
Building No. 267
Lagoon No. 1
Lagoon No. 2
Lagoon No. 4
Lagoon No. 6
Backhoed Pit betweenNo. 1 and No. 2
Bldg. No. 142 CollectionSump (Effluent)
Sunset Golf Course:
Leachate
Soil Boring
TCE
6.21.5 ,5.9
0.61.3 •2.0 .
0.6
1.6
500.0
1,200.00' 40.5
40.06.2
23.62.0
8.5.
1.3
8.0
24.0
N'D
ND
PCE
1.20.4
0.'
37.00.20.5
1.3
0.3
45.0
11.01.6
" ' -1.2
0.80.5
2.5
1.8
2.0• .
540.0
-
-
Sampling Date-1983(Approximate )
8/1511/17
12/8
3/257/63/15
3/15
i i n i7/19
4/1
7/67/188/15
7/68/15
4/4
4/4
7/18
4/4
7/25
Note: See Figure 3-19 for sampling locations. AR3UQQS5
3-48
o '-5 ppb - The department strongly suggests removing the contami-nated wells from service. , j
o 100 ppb - abatement level - The water supplier is required tomonitor regularly for organics and to take steps to lower thecontaminant level.
o 200 ppb - boil water notice - The public is notified to boil waterfor 10 minutes in order to volatilize the chemicals. Suppliersare forced to find a permanent solution to the problem.
PA DOT, operators of HIA, have adopted these limits and voluntarilyimplemented a 4.5 ppb TCE shutdown limit for individual wells in use at HIA.
As a consequence of this 4.5 ppb TCE limit, a total of five wells havebeen taken out of service at HIA, i.e., wells Da-81, 84, 85, 92, and 93. Awater supply '/ell servicing record is shown in Table 3-6. Because ofcurrent contamination and mechanical problems, the water supply for HIA andattached facilities is presently being serviced from well numbers Da-85, 88,90, and 91 and through occasional use of well numbers Da-82 and 83 (Alloway,1983).
J
Groundwater, surface water, soil, and sediment samples were taken by PADER in the Penn State Branch Campus area, Post Run, Buildings 207, 217, 267,and 142 and in and around effluent discharge lagoons in the southeast areaof the runvay. A summary of analytical results for these areas is presentedin Table 3-10. Sampling locations are shown in Figure 3-19. Analyticalresults of the PA DER sampling effort indicate that TCE and PCE arepervasive throughout the HIA area. Samples from water supplies to the PennState Branch Campus and Building 217 (airport terminal) show TCE and PCElevels consistent with supply wells. The highest levels of TCE and PCE(1200 and 540 ppb, respectively) were associated with buildings 267 and 142and the lagoons on _he eastern portion of the runway. These buildings andlagoons are associ \ted with private industrial shops at HIA and are notrelated to Air Force operations. The effect of these waste areas on theproblems associated with HIA wells could not be determined based onavailable data.
RR3GOQ8& ^j3-49
O)
"Ea<0
0,e>co(0aa
a>woI
3*50
The presence of TCE and other related compounds was first detected inWell Da-386, a Middletown Water Authority supply well (Figure 3-11). PA DERsampling of this well showed the presence of TCE at concentrations of 13ppb. This level of TCE lead to the removal of this"well from service by theMiddletown Water Authority as a precautionary measure. Subsequent to thediscovery of TCE in the Middletown well, an investigation of TCEcontamination in the HIA area was initiated. Since the initial sampling,the well has been placed in service because contaminant levels havedecreased to acceptable levels.
Well Da-386 is located in the Pineford Acres development and is one offour wells that supply the Middletown Water Authority. This well waspreviously owned by Gtmsted AF3 (AFE well number 15} and v;as tiurr.si ?"5r "the Middletown Water Authority, Specification data for Middletown Water
Authority wells are given in Appendix D. Levels of che contaminants in
Middletown's well ranged from 0 to 13 ppb for TCE and from 0 Co 1.3 ppb forPCE. Additional analytical data for this well are provided in Appendix D.
The Pineford Acres area was used by the base as a housing area forpersonnel and as a storage facility. Five warehouses at Pinford Acres wereused for bulk storage purposes by base operations. No evidence wasdiscovered during the Phase I effort that indicated that a hazardouschemical spill occurred in the area or that hazard .waste landfill ing tookplace at Pineford Acres. Presently, the warehouse area is occupied by
private industrial shops that include a lumber yard and a chemical company.
TCE and related compounds have also been detected in privately ownedwells along U.S. Route 441 near the Sunset Golf Course (previously owned bythe Air Force). Initial sampling of wells in this area revealed that sevenwells cont lined traces of TCE ranging from 5 to 20 ppb. Further testing ofthese wells revealed the presence of high levels of 1,2-dichloroethylene. Asummary of PA DER water sampling results and a map depicting the location of
3-51
private homes in this area are presented in Appendix D. A leachate seepfrom a former AFB waste disposal area at Sunset Golf Course, was discoverednear the base of the hill behind area private homes and was sampled by FADER. Sample analysis of the leachate showed high levels of chlorobenzeneand other volatile organic compounds. The presence of TCE was not detected(Appendix D). An additional seep located on the driving range of the golfcourse was discovered by a JRB field investigation team. Analytical datafor this leachate seep are unavailable. In addition, a soil sample wastaken at a depth of one foot in a trench above the susperied fill area atthe golf course. This sample was analyzed for PCB pesticides and TCE. Nocontaminants were detected.
The suspicion that waste materials may have been dumpad by Olmsted AFBin the Lisa Lake area prompted PA DER to take surface water and well watersamples in the area. The results of the investigation did not show signs ofcontamination.
3.9 ENVIRONMENTAL SUMMARY
Geographic, geologic, and hydrologic data evaluated for this studyindicate the following:
A dual aquifer system exists at Olmsted AFB ard is comprised of anunconsolidated water table aquifer system, which overlies aconfined bedrock aquifer system. Water in the confined bedrockaquifer system occurs under artesian conditions.
The confined bedrock aquifer system is hydraulically connected tothe unconsolidated water table aquifer. In addition, many of theconfined aquifers are also hydraulically connected to each other.
The water table aquifer is not used as the majc.. source ofgroundwater in the area but provides a major source o " recharge tothe confined aquifer system and is essentially unprotected frompotential contamination by surface infiltration (i.e., contamina-tion in the water table aquifer will readily pollute the confinedsystem).
fiR3000893-52
o Average annual precipitation is approximately 41 inches. Averageannual net precipitation, which recharges the aquifers in thearea, is approximately 6 inches. v j
o HIA, and associated industrial facilities, Meade Heights, FruehaufCorporation, Pennsylvania State Branch Campus, and the Odd FellowsHome receive their water supplies from wells located on the mainbase area of HIA.
o Wells on- the main base area of HIA obtain groundwater fromconsolidated artesian aquifers. The Middletown Municipal WaterAuthority's wells, in addition to many privately owned wells inthe Olmsted area, also obtain groundwater from the bedrockaquifers.
o Prolonged pumping of wells on HIA results in induced recharge fromthe Susquehanna River, indicating that the greatest response togroundwater flow in the confined aquifers from pumping is alongthe strike of bedding.
o Water from supply we 11s at HIA have been sampled by PA DER andcontained varying amounts of TCE. PCE, and other volatile organiccompounds. A Middletown Municipal Water Authority well previouslyowned by Olmsted AFB was also shown to be contaminated with thesecompounds.
o Groundwater, surface water, soil, and sediment samples taken inthe Penn State Campus area: Sunset Golf Course area: Post Run: ;Buildings 142, 207, 217, and 267; and effluent discharge lagoons ^—^also contained varying amounts of these contaminants.
o Surface drainage at Olmsted AFB and the surrounding area -occurspredominantly to the south-southeast and empties into the Sus-quehanna River.
o The majority, of native soils have been reworked by earth-movingequipment or covered with blast furnace slag. Much of the area isunsuitable for hazardous waste disposal because of the presence ofa seasonally high water table, thin soil cover, rapid subsoilpermeability, periodic flooding, deeply dissected terrain, andsteep slope conditions.
o A large portion of the base lies within the 100-year flood plainand is subject to periodic flooding.
o Groundwater at the Sunset Golf Course area occurs in cracks andfissures in diabase. Aquifers in the diabase are highlysusceptible to contamination because they are recharged fromdirect infiltration.
o Local groundwater flow from a dump site at the Sunset Golf Coursearea is generally towards the Susquehanna River.
n r, /I *-- f- f: Q fljA L> K * i - : ; ; H I) J
o Contaminants appear to be leaching from a dump site inrthtevSmiis'et " x^xGolf Course area.
3-53
o Privately owned wells in the Sunset Golf Course area have beenfound to be contaminated with TCE, PCE, and other organiccompounds.
o The Sunset Golf Course area is unsuitable as a hazardous wastedisposal site because of variable rock weathering depths, a highlyaccessible shallow groundwater system, steep slopes, thin soilcover, boulder fields, and difficult excavation characteristics.
AR30009I3-54
AR300Q92
4.0 WASTE MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES
The history of waste and hazardous material management activities atOlmsted AFB has been investigated through a search of available baserecords, a site visit to the area formerly occupied by the base, andtelephone and personal interviews with past employees or residents. Thisreview focused primarily on activities that occurred prior to 1964, when theAir Force occupied the base. Non-Air Force activities that may also bepotential sources of contamination are identified; no detailed evaluation ofnon-Air Force operations was conducted as part of this effort.
This section presents the findings of this investigation and a summaryof waste and hazardous materials management activities that are potential
sources of environmental contamination. These activities include:
o Industrial shopso Hazardous material storage locationso Fuel storage and supply locations
o Spill area locationso Disposal site locationso Fire training locationso Waste treatment locations.
This section also presents an assessment of past disposal and managementpractices that have a potential for significant environmental contamination.This assessment is based on the methodology described in Section 1.0.
As part of this effort several Air Force personnel (current and former
employees) and non-Air-Force agencies were contacted for historicalinformation. Lists of Air Force contacts, outside agency contacts, andformer employee contacts are provided in Appe idix B.
AR3000934-1
4.1 INDUSTRIAL OPERATIONS
% JThroughout the operation of Olmsted AFB, industrial operations such as
paint stripping, metal finishing, assembly, and equipment testing wereconducted. Figure 4-1 show the locations of industrial shops at the baseduring the years 1917-1964. Table 4-1 provides a brief description of the
operations performed in each building. On the basis of the types ofoperations performed, the shops listed are presumed to have either generatedor handled hazardous materials; quantities were generally not available frombase records. However, materials typically used in the identified operationare provided.
The locations of industrial operations that presently occupy the shopsor. ni r rorco property arc p ro v iv*eu in -" PP enaix *.. i gure t-— +. s^w^s trielocations of these operations and Table E-2 serves as the corresponding key,
listing the names of the present tenant organizations.
4.2 BULK STORAGE LOCATIONS
^During the active period at Olmsted, hazardous materials were stored in
a number of locations across the base property. Storage activitiesconsisted of the following:
o Storage of oils, cleaning solvents, and other chemicals for use byCivil Engineering (CE) to support general facility maintenanceoperations
o Bulk storage of raw materials (e.g., POL, solvents, metalfinishing materials)
o Waste storage prior to incineration, treatment, or disposal
o Warehousing of materials (e.g. , POL) by MAAMA for shipment toeastern Air Force installations
.1 Storage of oils, cleaning solvents, and other chemicals to supportaircraft maintenance operations.
In addition, several fuel storage tanks were located at Olmsted. Fuel
storage operations are discussed in Section 4.3. A R rV- ' 0 9 U- w v w ~ j\ j
4-2
FIGURE 4-1. LOCATION OF OLMSTED INDUSTRIAL SHCg? n p H O 5H l V w w w •/ w
FIGURE 4*1. LOCATION OF OLMSTED INDUSTRIAL SHOPS4-4
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This effort did not reveal that any of the identified storage locationswere sources of contamination. Nor were any of the storage areas foundduring the site inspections to have resulted in any visual environmentaldegradation. That is, none of the storage areas exhibited signs of spills,etained soils, residues, dying vegetation, or remaining scrap materials.Rather, storage locations are discussed in this report because of thepotential for leaks and spills, which could result in releases to theenvironment.
Table 4-2 and Figure 4-2 present an inventory and locations of storagefacilities identified through this effort. A distinction has been made inTable 4-2 between MAAMA warehouse storage facilities and support storagefacilities. This distinction has been made for two reasons:
i. Specific locations in which hazardous materials were stored withinthe warehouse buildings are not known.
2. Warehousing activities would probably not be sources of signifi-cant contamination because of the controlled nature of storage:
new containersinfrequent opening of containers for material removalshort-term storage (fast turnover)inside, controlled climate and monitored storage.
This table also provides the approximate years that these locationswere used for storage and a description of the area based on availableinformation.
4.3 FUEL STORAGE LOCATIONS
Fuel storage at the base consisted of underground and above ground
storage of No. 6 fuel oil. No. 2 fuel oil, gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel,
and wiste fuel. Fuel storage tanks ranged in size from 100 to 50,000gallons. Fuel supply systems varied from complex multi-tank supply systemsto manual single-tank operations.
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v j The major fuel storage locations included Fuel Storage Tank Farm A andFuel Storage Tank Farm B. Tank Farm A, in use since the early 1940's wasoriginally an Aqua fuel system consisting of six 25,000-gallon and four50,000-gallon underground tanks. This tank farm served as a supply to atruck fill stand and as a direct supply co the engine test cells (Buildings240 and 29). Fuel was transferred to the engine test cells via a pipelinelocated in a trench running around the southwest corner of Building 142 andalong the south sides of Buildings 264 and 258. Tank Farm B, operated bythe Air Force until 1968, consisted of four 25,000-gallon underground tanksand supplied four truck fill stands located adjacent (SE) to Building 95.
•This tank farm was transferred to HIA when the Air Force discontinuedoperation of the base.
In addition to these major fuel storage farms, storage tanks werescattered throughout the base for various services, including automobilefueling, small generator fuel supplies, building heating unit supplies.steam boiler feed (Building 27), and waste oil and fuel collection.
Table 4-3 presents a summary of fuel storage facilities at Olmsted. Thelocations of the major tank farms are provided on Figure 4-3. Theselocations were obtained from a map dated 18 May 1965. Several of the smalltanks are scattered throughout the base and are known to have been installedin the 1940's or earlier.
4.4 SPILL AREA LOCATIONS
Based on the records search, interviews, and visual inspections by theJRB team during this effort, few spills were recorded at Olmsted. One ofthese spills involving fuels occurred in 1972, after transfer of ownershipfrom the Air Force to PA DOT. Figure 4-4 provides the locations of theidentified spill areas on the base map. Each of the spills is describedbriefly below.
AR300I 10
4-18
TABLE 4-3.
SUMMARY OF FUEL STORAGE ACTIVITIES AT OLMSTED AFB
' >
Fuel
*Gasoline
No. 6 Fuel Oil
Diesel
Jet A**
Lubricating Oil
Waste Fuel
No. 2 Fuel Oil
Naphtha
* Based on theMAAKA 65-15_l
** When the Air
No. of Tanks
224111222
1831112226
13
94
1
1141111
1
21
Capacity
100 gal110 gal275 gal500 gal550 gal
1,200 gal2,000 gal6,000 gal10,000 gal
275 gal500 gal
1,000 gal1,500 gal2,000 gal5,000 gal10,000 gal20,000 gal30,000 gal
200 gal X"— *1,000 gal
25,000 gal50,000 gal
10,000 gal
550 gal600 gal
1,000 gal3,000 gal5,000 gal10,000 gal18,000 gal
25,000 gal
3,000 gal5,000 gal
Air Force drawing "Olmsted Air Force Base Liquid Fuels1' Dwg £dated 13 Hay 1965, updated January 1966Force operated the base, JP-4 was stored
4.9
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4,20
4.4.1 Truck Washing ; •
Fuel and other material transport trucks were washed outside on thepaved portion of the motor pool area (south of Building 508) from the 1940'sthrough the early 1960's. Tank truck and wagon internals were periodicallysteam-cleaned, sandblasted, and recoated to remove contamination and providecorrosion protection. Wastewater from the cleaning activities drained toPost Run on the west side of the paved motor pool area. Thus, residualfuels and other liquid materials are believed to have been flushed into Post
Run. Ho remaining material was found during the site Inspection.
4.4.2 Engine Test Cells
Prior to 1942, a failure in the Aqua fuel system supplying fuels to theengine test cells had occurred. This system consisted of fuel storage in
Fuel Farm A and supply piping running in a trench to Building 240. The aqua
system was operated by filling the storage tanks with water to push fuel totest cells (i.e., fuel floated out of tanks to cells). Water was removedfrom the tanks and discharged when fuel was loaded into the tanks. Anoverflow (or series of overflows) of fuels occurred during operation of thesystem, resulting in discharge of fuels to the trench. In the late 1950's,
the wells were closed because of fuel contamination, which was believed tohave resulted from this event.
4.4.3 Boiler Fuel Oil Storage
In the 1972 flood, a major spill of No. 6 fuel oil occurred near theBoiler Plant (Building 27). This spill resulted when a 50,000-gallonunderground tank buoyed because of flood waters. This allowed all of thefuel to float from the tank. HIA maintenance personnel responded by placingan oil trap and skimmer on Post Run at the wastewater treatment plant. Fuel
oil was spread throughout the airport, leaving a residue on buildings,equipment, and grounds. These areas were cleaned extensively by PA DOT with
Lrichloroethylene (TCE) to remove oil residue.
AR300I
4-22
4.5 DISPOSAL SITES
Waste management activities at Olmsted during the years of baseoperations involved the use of six known disposal areas, five located onformer base property and one off-base (Figure 4-5). Very little is knownabout the amount or type of waste disposed of in these areas. The recordsfound did not provide any indication of these parameters. Personsinterviewed during the development of this report provided limitedinformation on waste type or quantities. These six. areas and theirapproximate dates of utilization are given in Table 4-4, and are describedbriefly below.
4.5.1 Incinerator Site
The original incinerator used at the base was in operation Uiitil 1940and was located in the northeast corner of the main base area (Figure 4-6,Site 1). The precise length of time' that this facility was in operation isuncertain. However, it can be presumed that waste materials were beingburned at this location soon after the base opened, and that this practicecontinued until the incineration operation was relocated in 1940.Information was not available on the nature of the materials incinerated atthis location. In 1940, the original incinerator was taken out of operationand a new facility was constructed along the diked area of the SusquehannaRiver, where incineration practices continued until 1957.
4.5.2 Runway Incineration-Landfill Site
From -successively dated aerial photographs, the area where the newincinerator was located also became the site for many o£ the Air Force'slandftiling activities at the base from the mid-l940ls through 1956. Thenew incinerator-landfill site consisted of much of the area located betweenthe original X-runway system and the Susquehanna River (Figure 4-6, Siti. 2).Through the late 1950's, wastes from base operations were either incineratedor landfilled in this area. Landfilling operations occurred in the areasbetween the runway and the dike, and the dike and river. Aerial photographs
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of the area dated in the late 1940's and mid--1950's show numerous piles ofearth material, vehicle track markings, and container storage indicatingthat grading, filling, and disposal activitias were ongoing at this site.These speculations have been supported by accounts received from retired AirForce personnel and civilian employees. In addition to the landfilling andincineration of waste materials, open burning was practiced during the early1950's in the landfill areas between the dike and the runway. Wastes werealso being dumped (landfilled) on the river side of the existing dike. Thedumped materials included lumber, degreasers (e.g., TCE, PCE), oil, paint,acids, sludge, and fiberglass.
Presently, the incinerator area described above, lies beneath the mainrunway of HIA. The landfill operations are located primarily between themain runway and the old X-runway. In early sprinj of 1983, TCE was foundin one of Middletown's public water supply wells and several wells at HIA inthe vicinity of the landfill. By July 1983, 5 of 13 wells at the airportwere taken out of service because of unacceptable levels of TCE contamina-tion. This contamination was believed to originate from past landfilldisposal activities. However, it should also be noted that operations ^—^conducted after Air Force occupation involve hazardous materials that havebeen found during monitoring activities. Thus, they may also be potentialsources of contamination.
4.5.3 Meade Heights Fill Area
It is suspected that this area was used by the Air Force for disposalpurposes because uncovered drums were observed during the JRB siteinspection in the fill area that runs along a stream bank northeast of theMeade Heights housing complex (Figure 4-6, Site 3). Aerial photographs showthat this area was being filled sometime between Ir56 and 1963, whenconstruction of the Meade Heights Annex was underway. The valley area wasfilled so that personnel living at the Meade Heights complex could easilywalk to the Air Force dining hall facilities located across the valley to
ftRSGO! 194-27
the southeast. During the site visit, eight drums were seen partiallyuncovered by erosion along a culvert pipe near the northeast corner of thehousing complex. Identification was not visible on the drums. Drumdeterioration had not progressed to the point that holes were visible, andpreliminary investigation suggests that the drums still contained part oftheir contents. -
4.5.4 North Base Area Landfill
Waste disposal practices continued at the incinerator-landfill siteuntil the late 1950's when base expansion activities altered disposal opera-
•tlons. In 1956, a runway construction program was initiated so that thebase could accommodate jet aircraft. Modification of other base operationsto handle jet overhaul had already begun as early as the mid-1940's. Asrunway construction activities began, the incinerator-landfill site wasphased out and other base areas were used for waste disposal. One such areawas a landfill at the east end of what is now a Fruehauf truck trailermanufacturing facility (Figure 4-6* Site 4) used from the early 1950's until
V^J 1956. During a JRB site visit, interviewees stated that bulldozers wereused to excavate trenches approximately 20 to 25 feet deep. Accounts heldthat a variety of waste materials were disposed of in these trenches,including drums and paper wastes. Operations did not include the breakup ofwaste material. When the trenches were full, they were back filled withexcavated soils. One person interviewed, an employee of the Fruehaufoperation, stated that when the Fruehauf truck rental building wasconstructed in 1969, core samples taken showed two jeeps, paper, and severaltypewriters buried in the area. Disposal operations at chis site continuedthrough 1956, at which time the Sunset Golf Course area became available andoperations were halted. Landfilling operations resumed at the North Baselandfill in 1963 and continued until 1964.
4.5.5 Sunset Golf Course
In 1956, a tract of land encompassing Sunset Hill was purchased by theAir Force. This purchase was made because new runway construction requiredremoving 30 feet of the top of Sunset Hill so that the required* ro
4-28
glide angle zone for aircraft using the Olmsted air strip could be attained.Following the removal of the hilltop, the Air Force began using the SunsetHill area as a disposal site. Because of new runway construction, theincinerator located along the river bank was demolished (sometime between1956 and 1957), and landfilling at the incinerator site was discontinued.However, according to information sources, the dumping of waste materials
continued along the swampy apron areas where the new runway was beingconstructed. During the main runway construction period at the base, theSunset Hill and Lisa Lake areas were used as the main disposal areas.
Air Force disposal activities at Sunset Hill occurred primarily alongthe right side of Hillsdale Road near the old entrance to what was to becomethe Sunset Golf Course (Figure 4-7). Dumping operations filled in allexisting low portions of the area around holes 1. 2, and 3, and the drivingrange of the golf course (Figure 4-8). Reports from an equipment operatorat the Sunset Hill site stated that trucks hauling wastes from the base toSunset Hill would back up to the edge of Hillsdale Road and dump thematerial down over the side of the hill. Dirt was then pushed over the
fill. Wastes disposed of in this manner included electronic gear, copper >wire, steel cable, conduit, drums of solvents (e.g., TCE), drums of unknowncontents, paper, wing boxes, powders, degreasers, airplane parts, lumber,-and other bulk material.
There are also accounts of liquid wastes being dumped directly intotrenches and natural depressions in and ^round Sunset Hill. Open burning ofmaterials was also practiced on a regular basis at the site. In addition,there is an account that during main runway construction in the late 1950' sunstable fill from the runway site (i.e., incinerator-landfill area) wasremoved and disposed of at Sunset Hill.
Evidence of past disposal activities at Sunset Hill was clearlyobserved during the JR5 site visit. Correued drums, cans, and bulkmaterials (i.e., household appliances, tires, rubble, and metal scraps) are
* r\ r, r\ fi, i n iA R o u u 1 i. I ^ j4-29
1000 0 1000 2000 Feet
4-7 Location of Waste Disposal Area at Sunset Golf Course - Area
AR300122
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, -_ a o o !°i f^ l O O4-31 R rt 0 U U I d O
scattered throughout the outslope area. Figure 4-3 shows a detailed layoutof the golf course area, including the locations of abandoned drums. Otherevidence of disposal activities observed during the site visit include
rubble, oil, discolored runoff or seepage, ash fill, and slag. Approximate-ly 50 drums were observed during the site inspection. The drums inspectedwere in various states of deterioration, ranging from more than 50 percentdeteriorated to good condition. Identified drums appeared to have containedpaint sludges and solidified-asphaIt-type wastes. One drum was clearlymarked TCE and was labeled:
9500-950000TRICHLOROETHYLENESTABILIZE, DECREASINGMIL-T-7003,A/A MAY 1958BATCH NO.WT. 703 CU.11.2
From: The Dow Chemical Company, Velasco, Texas
A site inspection conducted by PA DER in July 1933 also provided
evidence of past disposal activities. Old drums were discovered, one of
which was clearly marked as Air Force material. This evidence of the Air
Force's involvement in disposal activities in the area is further supported
by two additional reports. One report involves the discovery of a drumdat-d 1958 with Air Force identification markings and labeled TCE (this may
be the same drum observed by the JRB Team). The second report was made bytwo local residents who were hunting in the area during the early 1960's.One of the hunter' s dogs ran' through a 15-foot-wide puddle on the golf
course area that was near 10 to 15 perforated drums. The puddle wasbelieved to be a result of the leaking drums. Upon exposure to the puddle'scontents, tne dog began losing hair and died within 36 hours. A baseveternariar was contacted at the time of this incident, and he suspectedthat the liquid was material that had been used to clean aircraft parts.
i* w
4-32
In addition to accounts describing Air Force disposal operations atSunset Hill, there are also accounts of disposal operations underway at thislocation prior to the Air Force purchase of the land. One witness claims X—^that the previous owner of the land, Mr. A.S. Light, who ran a salvagebusiness, disposed of bulk material in the hill area regularly.
Air Force disposal operations at Sunset Hill continued as describeduntil the early 1960's when the top of the hill was converted into a golfcourse. At this point, waste disposal activities were continued only in aswale south of the golf course (Figure 4-8) and were resumed at the NorthBase site for approximate1y i year.•
In 1966, Olmsted closed down, and in 1968, the Sunset Golf Course wassold to the Londonderry Township as a golf course and park. The Townshipcovered the swale on the south side with dredge spoils and coal fines fromthe river and converted this area into a driving range.
Late in the summer of 1983, 12 residential wells located along U.S.Route 441, directly west of the Sunset Golf Course, were found to be junacceptable for use by PA DER because of TCE, DCE, and VC contamination.To date, 16 of 46 wells in this area have been found to be contaminated witheither TCE or VC. All 16 wells are located along U.S. Route 441. Residentshave been obtaining water from tanks installed as temporary, alternativewater supplies.
4.5.6 Lisa Lake Disposal Site
In addition to the on-base disposal sites, area residents stated thatan old sand quarry, now Lisa Lake, was used for Air Force disposaloperations between 1956 and 1963 (Figure 4-3, Site 6 and Figure 4-9). Thearea had been under excavation a; part of sand quarrying operations as earlyas 1949. During excavation fo: a sewer line in 1983, Air Force documentsand demolition waste were unearthed on the east side of Lisa Lake.
Interviews with residents who lived next to the site during its operation as
RR300125
4-33
4-34
a landfill indicated that drums were disposed and at times their contents
were allowed cu flow onto the ground. Additional reports stated that thefilling of demolition waste, trash, and drums occurred along the eastern ^*edge of the quarry. The present Lake Drive is supposedly constructed onthis fill. Filling also continued to the west of the road.
In an interview, an equipment operator at the Lisa Lake landfill site
stated that disposal cells approximately 200 feet long were constructed withslag into which wastes were placed. Waste materials, including paper,airplane parts, railroad ties, lumber* and drums containing paint sludges,solvents, oils, and unknown materials were disposed of In these trenches.For a period of time, common practice was to crush the drums as they wereplaced into the cells, after which they were covered with dirt. Thisprovided additional space in each cell. However, this crushing practice wasdiscontinued when a worker was sprayed by liquid waste and burned. By 1956,the east and south sides of the lake had been filled in and were coveredwith water.
Reports from a resident state that in the late 1950' s, private wells in jthe area became contaminated, and in late fall of 1959, a public water linewas extended to serve residents of the area. An in-depth investigation ofthe area by PA DER began in July 1983 after the discovery of fill material.Samples of trench material, private water wells, and Lisa Lake water wereobtained and analyzed for TCE. TCE contamination was not found at thattime.
4.5.7 Other Disposal Locations
During the time that the Olmsted base was in operation, landf ill ingactivities were conducted at four additional sites in the vicinity of thebase. These disposal areas are not connected directly with the Air Force,and no documentation i,2 Air Force involvement exists. They have beenprovided here because they are potential sources of contamination andwarrant further investigation during an area-wide survey. These sites
.include three lakes and a marshy area (Figure 4-10) . All are visible on
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aerial photographs dated 1949, 1956, 1963, and 1970. The marsh areapresently lies north of a taxi-way west northwest of what were the officers' jquarters (Area 'A', Figure 4-10). In the early 1950's, this area was mostlyfilled with water but it appeared that the north side was being filled in.Reports state this area was filled with slag and construction rubble. By1956, this area was completely filled and had revegetated.
During the early 1960's, landf11ling operations were also conductedalong the west end of Railroad Lake (Area 'B', Figure 4-10). This lake areawas being filled in by unknown sources along both the south and west sidesas early as 1949. By 1963, more than half of the lake area had been filledand landf11 ling activities had .been discontinued. It is uncertain whattypes of material were disposed of in this area and who was involved in theoperations.
Another area was a small lake located east of Railroad Lake (Area 'C1.Figure 4-10). In the late 1940's, it was filled with water, and by 1956, ithad been completely filled with material. Aerial photographs show that in1970 the area was partially filled with water again. vJ
A fourth area in which landfllling was underway was a small piece ofland to the northwest of Lisa Lake (Area 'D1 , Figure 4-10). Fillingactivities here continued from the late 1940's through the mid-1960's. Noevidence has been found to suggest that the Air Force was involved inhazardou. waste disposal activities in any of these four areas.
4.6 FIRE TRAINING LOCATIONS
The original fire training area at Olmsted was a pit located just eastof the old incinerator facility, along the north shore of the SusquehannaRiver (Figure 4-11, Area 1). The pit, which was used from the early 1940'suntil 1956, is visible on aerial photographs as a dark square-shaped areaand was used for aircraft fire demonstrations and in the training of membersof the Air Force Fire Department. The training sessions consisted of
emptying drummed solvents, waste oils, contaminated fuels, or any otherAR300I29
4-37
Hit \J w U i4-38
burnables on a fuselage, igniting it, and then extinguishing the flamesusing state-of-the-art techniques. These exercises were practiced one to ' \ Jthree times per month and for each run, approximately 1500 gallons ofignitable fluid was used to obtain the desired fire hazard simulation.
In 1957, during runway construction activities at the base, the firetraining area was relocated to the west end of the runway, where the AirForce continued its exercises until the mid-19601s (Figure 4-11, Area 2).The old fire training area is now located under the main runway at HIA.
The new pit is easily identified on aerial photographs as a dark,round-shaped area. The new fire training site, is jointly used by the HIAFire Department and the 193 SOG Air National Guard. It is situated in atopographically low area thac is bounded to the south by a aiKe ana remainsopen to the river to the west. The area is frequently flooded by waterduring high river stages, and drainage occurs through an outlet chat runssouth to the Susquehanna River.
From 1957 to 1966, the Air Force continued fire training exercises oneto three times per month at the new location. In 1966, when the base closedand HIA was established, the HIA Fire Department and the PA Air NationalGuard began using the pit for its own fire training sessions. The HIA FireDepartment conducts one or two fire training exercises per year at thislocation. Again, about 1500 -gallons of waste oils and other burnables are
used during each exercise. In conclusion, an estimated 330,000-350,000gallons of oil material has been dumped and burned in the pit area overtime.
The present fire pit is approximately 50 feet long, 40 feet wide and 3feet deep. A clay liner was reportedly emplaced during pit construction toprevent :he downward migration of flammable liquids. The pit presentlycontains 2 to 3 feet of oily sludge residue. The fire training area issurrounded by a 3-foot berm intended to contain the liquids. However, twobreaches in the berm are present, which allow high waters from the river to
flow onto the site and carry wastes into the river. Evidence oft fr^KVAM 3 I
4-39
observed during the field visit. The ground surface throughout the firetraining area is stained with oily residues. Oil stains resulting fromperiodic flooding of the area appear on tree trucks 3 to 4 feet above theland surface. Corroded drums and rubble are scattered throughout the area.In addition, 75 to 100 drums are being stored by HIA along a roadway thatruns along the east side of a fence chat separates the runway from the fire• •pit area. These drums contain or contained waste oils and other burnablesfor use during fire training exercise.
4.7 WASTE TREATMENT LOCATIONS
Waste treatment operations at Olmsted occurred at four locations.These four facilities are shown in Figure 4-12 and a brief description ofeach is given below.
The original sewage treatment plant at Olmsted (Building 62) wasconstructed in 1934 to treat raw sewage prior to its discharge to theSusquehanna River. This facility was in operation through 1941, when it wasnecessary to relocate the treatment works because of the initiation ofrunway improvement activities.
Treatment operations were continued at a newly built facility (Building94) located at the east end of the runway. The construction of the newsewage treatment and disposal plant was completed in 1942. Operations atthis facility continued throughout, the Air Force's occupancy of the area,
and it Is presently being operated by PA DOT.
Two additional waste treatment facilities were constructed during theperiod when the base was in operation. These two plants are designated asBuildings 267 and 414 in figure 4-12. Constructed in 1956, the two plantswere used for the treatment of industri .1 waste generated at the basethrough 1964. Treatment plant 267 receive- plating wastes from Building 28.Operations at this facility, involved acid and caustic treatment techniques.All potentially hazardous wastes were treated at one of the two facilities
prior to disposal.
&R3001324-40
These treatment facilities:are currently used by an industrial dyeingi j facility, which discharges treated wastewater to surface impoundments at the
sewage treatment facility. A detailed study of current operations was not. part of this study, but they warrant investigation .area during an widesurvey.
4.8 EVALUATION OF PAST DISPOSAL ACTIVITIES
i • -The review of past operations and waste management practices at Olmsted
has resulted in the identification of six sites that may have resulted inenvironmental contamination and that have the potential for contaminantmigration (see . Figure 4-13). Other industrial operation sites werereviewed and eliminated from further evaluation based on the methodologypresented in Section 1.4. The primary reason for eliminating industrialshops, and storage and waste treatment facilities was lack of documentationregarding hazardous material discharges to the environment. In cases ofspills, the potential for contamination and migration was considered to beminimal based on quantity of material, associated hazard, and areareceptors. . . '
The six identified sites have been evaluated and ranked using the Air
Force Hazard Assessment Rating Methodology (HARM) and EPA's Hazard RankingSystem (HRS). These hazard ranking systems evaluated potential receptors,waste characteristics, and migration pathways to determine the relativepotential for uncontrolled hazardous waste disposal facilities to cause
health or environmental damage. . • , -
The results of the HARM rating methodology as applied to the sixidentified sites are summarized in Tables 4-5 and 4-6. The rating sheetsand methodology themselves are provided in Appendix G. The rating sheetsand methodology for the HRS rankings are provided .n Appendix H.
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5.0 CONCLUSIONS
The goal of the Phase I IRP was to identify the potential for environ- ^—'mental contamination from past waste disposal practices at the formerOlmsted Air Force Base and to assess the probability of contaminant migra-tion. Based on the results of the project team's field inspection, reviewof records and files, and interviews with former base personnel, andFederal, state, and local government employees, the conclusions presentedbelow have been developed. The conclusions are listed by disposal siteidentified at the former Olmsted Air Force Base and vicinity. Table 5-1summarizes the findings of the study and lists the priority rankings forthese sites.
5.1 LISA LAKE
The Lisa Lake landfill has the highest potential for environmentalcontamination of the five sites based on the HARM rating methodology,although analytical results do not show the presence of contaminants at thistime. Recent groundwater, surface water, and sediment analyses did not show jany evidence of contamination from past disposal practices. However,shortly after disposal operations began at the site, groundwater quality In
the area reportedly declined. This decline in the water quality reportedlynecessitated that area residents discontinue use of their wells and hook upto the public water supply system.
Disposal operations were conducted at Lisa Lake by the Air Forcebetween 1956 and 1963. However, access to the disposal site was notrestricted, and indiscriminate dumping by others also occurred. Air Forcewastes disposed of consisted of demolition wastes, trash, drums containingoils and other unknown liquids, airplane parts, lumber, and other debris.Wastes were disposed of in cells approximately 200 feet in length. Thecrushing of drummed wastes was common during part of the landf11 lingactivities.
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Prior to landfilling, Lisa* Lake was a sand quarry. The groundwatertable in this area is relatively high (i.e., within 10 feet of landsurface) . Hydraulic conductivities of quarry sands are typically high in
-2 -3the order of 10 to 10 cm/sec* The water table aquifer and theunderlying bedrock aquifer present at the site are highly susceptible topollutant migration.
Lisa Lake was given an overall HARM score of 83.
5.2 FIRE TRAINING PIT
The present fire training pit has been in continuous use since approx-imately 1957. During a typical fire training exercise, about 1,500 gallonsof waste oils and other flammables are ignited. Oil residues remain in thepit between exercises. During Air Force operations at Olmsted, the fire pit
was used on the order of one to three times a month. The fire training pitis currently used by HIA and the ANG. Because of its location on the floodplain of the Susquehanna River, the pit is susceptible to periodic flooding.Oil residues distributed throughout the area were evident from the lastflood event. Soils in the area are contaminated with oil wastes. There isa high likelihood that contaminants are reaching the groundwater in thisarea and will migrate to the river. These contaminants could potentially bedrawn towards wells at the HIA.
The fire training pit was given an overall HARM score of 78.
5.3 SUNSET GOLF COURSE
The Sunset Hill area was used as a disposal site by the Air Force from1957 to 1964 when a golf course was constructed at the site. Wastesdisposed of at the site included electronic gear, copper wire, steel cable,conduit, drur 3 containing solvents, asphalt, paint sludges and otherliquids, paper, wing boxes, powders, degreasers, airplane parts, lumber, anddomestic and construction wastes. Wastes were either disposed of in lowareas or were dumped over the hillside. Soil was pushed over the filserial.
5-4
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Groundwater at the golf course area occurs in the fractured diabase.The diabase is covered by a thin mantle of soil or fill throughout the area. 'v JThis makes the groundwater highly susceptible to contamination from disposalactivity. Groundwater flow from Sunset Hill is generally in the directionof surface topography.
Contamination was evident in domestic wells located downgradient of thedisposal sites and in two surface seeps emanating from the fill areas. Thecontaminants present were TCE, DCE, and VC. Exposed drums at the surfaceare evident throughout the hillside area of the landfill.
Sunset Golf Course area was given an overall HARM score of 78.
5.4 RUNWAY INCINERATION LANDFILL AREA
The runway incineration landfill area was used from che 1940's to 1956when new main runway construction began. Until 1956, this area was the maindisposal area for the base. Wastes disposed of in the area included lumber,degreasers, oil and paints, acids, sludges, fiberglass, and other wastes. \_sThese sites presently lie either under the main runway of HIA or to thenortheast of this runway.
This area is underlain by a shallow water table aquifer in theunconsolidated deposits which are in direct hydraulic connection with theunderlying bedrock aquifers. These underlying aquifers serve, in part, asthe source of water for the HIA, Penn State Branch Campus, Odd Fellows Home,Fruehauf, and the assoicated HIA facilities. Pumping of wells on basereportedly results in the drawing of groundwater from the direction of thisarea. Contamination of this aquifer with TCE has been detected at HIAwells. At the present time, data are not available to directly implicatethis site as the only source of TCE in HIA wells. Samples taken it
industrial shops presently occupying former base facilities also show highlevels of TCE in their waste streams.
This area was given an overall HARM score of 77. AR300 I U 3
5-5
5,5 NORTH BASE LANDFILL AREA
The North Base landfill area was used from the 1950's to 1956 and thenagain from 1963 to 1964. Wastes disposed of at the site included drumscontaining various wastes, paper, and other waste products. Landfilling at
the site occurred in trenches without waste breakup.
Contamination originating from this site has not been reported.
However, the presence of TCE and PCE contamination was shown in the PennState area located hydraulically downgradient. Reports indicated that largequantities of drummed wastes were disposed of at the site.
The North Base landfill area was given an overall HARM score of 68.
5.6 MEADE HEIGHTS
Very little is known about landfilling operations at Meade Heights. Thefill was emplaced between 1956 and 1963 to provide access between the
-— housing area and the main base. The contents of the landfill are unknownexcept that construction rubble and drums were observed during the siteinspection. Drums were partially buried in the stream bank, and theircontents appeared to be intact.
Because of the limited information available on the Meade Heightslandfill, the site was given an overall HARM score of 47.
5-6
AR30Q1U5
6.0 RECOMMENDATIONS
As discussed in Section 4.8, six sites were identified at OlmstedAFB that are potential sources of contamination and could be hazardousto public health or the environment. Based on the Air Force ratingmethodology (HARM), each of these sites was rated in order to provide arelative evaluation of the hazard potential (Table 4-5).
In summary, all of the sites identified and evaluated as part ofthis investigation are considered to be potential sources of contaminantmigration. Thus, further investigation of all six sites is consideredwarranted. This recommendation is based on two important criteria:
1. Hazard rating scores at five of the sites (excluding MeadeHeights Landfill) were sufficiently high to indicate a highprobability of contamination and migration.
2. Disposed drums were observed at Meade Heights and Sunset GolfCourse during the week of the 9 January 1984 site investiga-tion.
Further investigation of these sites consists of a combination ofsampling, laboratory analysis, and observation trenches (pits) and, inone case, discontinuation or relocation of present operations. . Individ-ual site recommendations are provided below.
6.1 LISA LAKE DISPOSAL AREA ,
The disposal area on the east end of Lisa Lake is considered tohave a high potential for environmental contamination, based on informa-tion on past disposal activities obtained from a number of interviewees.Therefore, it is recommended that monitoring activities be conducted todetermine whether environmental contamination is presently occurring.Although some excavation and usnitoring activity was recently conductedin this area and contamination,was not discovered, it is felt that theinvestigation was not conducted in the drum disposal area identified bypersons who witnessed the disposal operations.
RR300SU66-1
For the Lisa Lake disposal area, a monitoring program is suggestedto obtain groundwater, surface water, and sediment samples to evaluate ,the presence of environmental contamination. This program is discussedbelow, and monitoring station locations are shown in Figure 6-1.
A groundwater monitoring system should be installed that consistsof one upgradient and two downgradient wells in the alluvial deposits.The upgradient well should be located north of the disposal area and thetwo downgradient wells should be located south of the disposal area.All three of these new wells should be drilled to bedrock (i.e., approx-imately 30 feet in this area) and screened throughout the saturatedthickness of the aquifer. Well logs should be developed by split spoonsampling at five foot intervals.
In addition to the three wells in the alluviam, four other wells(Da-404, Da-402, Da-464, and Da-497) are known to have existed down-
gradient and down strike of the disposal area. These wells aredescribed in Appendix D, and general locations are shown in Figure 3-11.These four wells are all located in the bedrock aquifer and shouldprovide an indication of contaminants that may be migrating in this
system. A well survey should be performed and well logs obtained toensure the integrity of these wells.
Three surface water monitoring stations should be established nearLisa Lake, Two of these are northwest of the lake and will providebackground water quality data. The third station is located off theeastern edge of the lake and should provide a downstream point tocompare water quality .changes that may be attributable to past disposalactivities. The sediment monitoring stations should coincide with thesurface water monitoring stations.
Water and sediment amples should be analyzed for total organiccarbon (TOO, total organic halogen (TOX), volatile organic compounds(VOC), and oil and grease to determine the presence of constituentscommon to suspected disposed materials (i.e., degreasers, paint -and-, * n t , -j
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6-2
AR300U8
stripping solvents, paint, sludges , acid wastes). If analysis of thejeparameters shows sufficient levels to suspect contamination, additionaleffort should be applied to identifying specific constituents and x^Xevaluating the extent of migration.
6.2 FIRE TRAINING PIT
The fire training pit was placed in operation in 1956 and isactively used by the HIA fire department and the Air National Guard.Although much of the material is ignited during fire training exercises,the potential exists for release of hazardous constituents because of:
>• *o Residues remaining in the pit following training exercises
o Frequent flooding of the fire training area
o Long-term uncontained drum storage of flammable material betweentraining exercises.
Recommendations for this area are that current operations be halted'and that the fire training pit be relocated to an area not subject to jflooding. This new area should consist of a contained material storagefacility (e.g., roofed with concrete containment base) and a lined burnpit (e.g. , concrete pit with containment bertas) to tnimimize the poten-tial for release of material to groundwater.
A monitoring program should be established at the fire trainingarea to determine whether environmental contamination exists and theextent of contamination. A groundwater monitoring program should beimplemented at the site that consists of one upgradient well locatednorth of the pit area and two downgradient wells located south of thepit. The locations of these wells are shown in Figure 6-2. Wellsshould be drilled to bedrock ard screened throughout the staturatedthickness. Well logs should be enveloped for all drilled wells by splitspoon sampling at five foot intervals. Evidence of oil and grease indrill samples should be noted, and testing of select samples should be
performed. [\R3QG *
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Soil samples should be obtained from the fire training pit and theoverflow area that drains to the Susquehanna River. A minimum of fivesamples should be collected and analyzed. Tentative sample locationsare shown in Figure 6-2.
Water and sediment samples should be analyzed for TOC, TOX, VOC,and oil and grease. If significant environmental contamination exists,the site should be excavated to prevent further contaminant migrationand wastes should be disposed of in an approved hazardous wastelandfill.
6.3 SUNSET GOLF COURSE LANDFILL AREA
Phase II IRP activities are currently being conducted at the SunsetGolf Course Landfill Area. The?e hydrogeological and geophysicalstudies should be continued to define the extent and scope of contam-
ination. Based on this investigation, the following activities arerecommended as part of the Phase II IRP effort:
o Conduct a well survey of existing well locations (includingdomestic wells and recently installed monitoring wells) andresample all identified wells at the same time; a location mapof existing private wells and results of samplings is containedin Appendix D.
o Drill a well in the diving range to monitor groundwater movementthrough fill area (a tentative location is shown in Figure 6-3)
o Install an observation trench on a portion of the driving rangeto check for the presence of drums. Samples should be taken ofexcavated soils and from any drums discovered
o Sample surface water and sediments at seep at the base of hilllandfill area (tentative sampling location is shown in Figure6-3)
o Sample seep and sediments with.n driving range (located inFigure 6-3)
o Analyze all collected samples for TOC, TOX, VOC, and oil andgrease.
•flR300!5l
6-6
© NEW WELL
A EXISTING WELLS
O SURFACE WATER & SEDIMENT
O EXPLORATION TRENCH
note - not all existing wells are shown refer to Appendix-D
1000 0 1000_______MOO Feet
FIGURE 6-3 MONITORING PLAN SUNSET GOLF COURSE
5R30Q152
6.4 INCINERATOR/LANDFILL DISPOSAL SITE
Disposal activities were conducted in this area until 1956 whenmajor runway reconstruction began. In addition, wastes were incineratedand fire training exercises were conducted in this area until the startof runway reconstruction.
An investigation of this area is currently being performed inorder to aid in determining the level of contamination and the extent ofmigration of hazardous materials disposed of at this site. It isrecommended that four new wells be drilled next to the present R.E.Wright wells that extend into the bedrock aquifer. Depth of these wellscan not be determined from available data, however these wells should bedrilled at least fifty feet into the bedrock. Additionally, two watertable wells should be drilled next to Da-92 and Da-93. Wells should bedrilled to bedrock (approximately 30 feet) and screened throughout
saturated thickness. All of the new wells, R.E. Wright monitoringwells, and the HIA supply wells should be sampled on the same day.
In conjunction with the groundwater program, it is also recommendedthat sediment and soil samples be taken from the wastewater treatmentfacility lagoons (six sites) and in Post Run (three sites) to identifypotential contamination from other on-site activities. Based on theresults of previous samplings performed by PA DER (refer to Table 3-10)in this area, the contamination of wells at the HIA may not be solelythe result of disposal operations at the incinerator/landfill site.Very high concentrations of TCE and PCE were found in lagoons and atbuildings operated by private industrial shops on the HIA property.This contamination is probably contributing to the contamination ofgroundwater at the site and should be investigated.
Samples should be analyzed for TOC, TOX, VC3, and oil and grease.Once the results are available from this area-wide sampling program atHIA, it may be possible to delineate the source or sources of contam-
ination. Tentative sampling stations are shown in Figure 6-2.
AR3QOI536-8
6.5 NORTH BASE LANDFILL AREA
VV It is recommended that observation pits be constructed on thevisible trench backfill areas east of the Fruehauf facility to determinethe types of waste disposed of in this area. Samples should be taken ofsoils and of any drums found and analyzed for TOC, TOX, VOC, and oil andgrease to determine the presence of constituents common to the identi-fied disposed waste.
A groundwater monitoring well should be installed downgradient ofthe disposal site (i.e., south of the fill area). This well should bedrilled at least 20 feet below £he depth at which groundwater isencountered, which should place it in the bedrock. The screen shouldextend throughout the saturated length of the well (i.e., 20 feet).Well logs should be constructed during drilling. Figure 6-4 showstentative well locations. In addition, a well survey should beconducted and samples collected for existing wells (e.g., Turnpike andFruehauf supply wells) to determine*whether any materials are present.Figure 3-15 shows the location of these wells, and Appendix D describesthem.
Further, it is recommended that surface water and sediment samplesbe taken on the drainage ditch running south of the north base disposalarea to determine whether surface contamination is present. Locationsof the sample stations are shown in Figure 6-4. All water and sedimentsamples collected should be analyzed for TOC, TOX, VOC, and oil andgrease.
6.6 MEADE HEIGHTS FILL AREA
Although neither available records or any of the interviewsconducted as part of this investigation indicated that the area filledsoutheast of the Meade Heights housing unit was an area in whichhazardous material disposal was conducted, a site survey revealed the
, presence of eight drums at the base of a fill area. These drums were
HR30QI5U
6-9
MEADE HEIGHTS LANDFIU.
A EXISTING WELLS
<$ NEW WELL
• SURFACE WATER &-SEDIMENT
Q EXPLORATION TRENCH%Klkl I HI'
FIGURE 0-4 MONITORING PLAN NORTH BASE & MEADE HEIGHTS LANDFIU
flR300S556-10
found to be filled with an unknown material. Because of the identifica-tion of these drums and knowledge of filling operations in this area bythe Air Force for a walkway from the housing area to Air Force dininghalls, further investigation is warranted. It is recommended that aportion of the fill area at the edge of Post Run at the Meade Heightsend of the walkway, where the drums are located, be excavated forobservation pits and inspected for the presence of drums, sludge, orliquid materials. If found, any waste materials in drums should beanalyzed for TOC, TOH, VOC, and oil and grease. It is also recommendedthat surface water and sediment samples be obtained from the steam thatruns through the area. Stations should be located above and below thefill. Analysis of samples should be the same as for trench samples.
RR300I566-11
HR3GOI57
APPENDIX A
PROJECT RESEARCH TEAM QUALIFICATIONS
• B.J. Burgher, B.S., Chemical Engineering• W.D. Ellis, Ph.D, Organic Chemistry
• C.A. Furtnan, B.A., Geology• A. Lapins, M.S., Regional Planning• E.W. Repa, Ph.D., Hydrology
/\
AR300I58
Ut« or disclosure of Dfoooui clata it subitet to tht rtstrietion on itit Tint oiqt of ttiii Propowl.
BRIAN J. BURGKER
EDUCATION
Clarkson College o£ Technology: B.S., Chemical Engineering (1977)
EXPERIENCE
Mr. Burgher is a Project Manager and chemical engineer in JRB's WasteManagement Division. He has a broad background in Industrial pollutioncontrol and solid and hazardous waste management through his project experien-ce ac JRB as well as past experience in three chemical manufacturingfacilities as boch a process engineer and production engineer.
Mr. Burgher is currently a team leader for 16 environmental audits ofGovernment-Owned, Contractor-Operaced (COCO) facilities for the U.S. AirForce. His responsibilities for this project include compliance inspections.preparing reports describing compliance status and formulating recommendationsfor bring ing cnese facilities into comp liance witn environmental regui.aci.ons.
He is currently Project Manager of a JRB project involving a Regulatory ImpactAnalysis of EP.Vs hazardous waste storage regulations. This projsc: nasinvolved profiling hazardous waste storage practices and assessing the risk toenvironment and human health posed by such practices. Part of this effort hasinvolved developing sound risk assessment procedures which can be applied tothis and other RIA efforts. As Project Manager. Mr. Burgher has responsi-bility of ove:professionals.
Mr. Burgher is currently providing key technical and engineering support toJRB's Pare 3 permit application program. Specifically, Mr. Burger has managedthe preparation of six RCRA Part B permit applications for private nazarcouswaste facilities, including both on and off-sice facilities. Mr. Burgher isalso currently acting as a liaison between these facilities and state andregional EPA officials regarding comments on'the applications.
In another project, Mr. Burgher is the principal investigator for environmenc-al risk assessments for a major insurance company. These assessments havebeen performed for various facilities including major chemical manufacturers,hazardous waste and chemical product transporters, metal finishing operators,and solid waste landfills. In this capacity, Mr. Burgher has been conductingsite surveys to evaluate the condition and integrity of processing and storageequipment; present and past hazardous waste treatment, storage, and disposalpractices; spill and leak prevention programs; in-p.lant pollution control;Best Management Practices (BMPs); and relative hazard of handled materials.This evaluation has lead to a determination of th- risk presented to theenvironment and human health resulting from facility operations.
Verified for accuracy by: /< ssa~ g^>v>,. A._____ Date: $f/fjPft&>) t C ft——— 7 1 r H H fa* v' V * O V
bility of overseeing overall project performance and supervising -jp -3 30 J?.3 >—S
JRB Associates —
Ui* Of ditcioiurt of proposal daw it tuoitct to tht restriction on in* Titla paga of this Proposal.
BRIAN J. BURGHER Page 2
Under the Technical Assistance Panels program, he is currently Task Manager ofche Industrial Resource Recovery .project. This project involves a detailedanalysis of industrial v*sce resource recovery technologies within eight 18)specified industry groups. Specifically, it calls for: identification andevaluation of industrial resource recovery processes; definition of thescace-of-che-arc of resource recovery technology and its present stage ofdevelopment! evaluation of the potential for advancement of identified tech-nologies.
Mr. Burgher has been Involved in many other projects at JRB which haveutilized his engineering background including:
o Preparing and presenting a hazardous waste management seminar to NASAheadquarters and facilities. This seminar provided a "cookbook"approach to evaluating current management activities and developing acomplete and effective hazardous waste management plan.
o Designing and costing remedial measures for upgrading and closing armylandfills classified as "open dumps" to conform witn RCRA Section004. This task involved identifying remedial activities such asleachate control, surface flow and infiltration controls, andgroundwater treatment; and determining labor, equipment, and materialrequirements and associated costs.
o Developing a preliminary decision-makers guide for small communitiesto assess their suitability for resource recovery.
o Designing and costing a new incinerator unit and a retrofit of anobsolete batch system for the City of Philadelphia.
o Collecting comprehensive national data for a Solid Waste Fact Book forEPA Headquarte-s.
o Providing technical and economic assistance for developing Brunswick,Maine's, solid wast* management program.
o Developing Materials Balances for specific chemicals includingacrylonitrile, hexachloroethane, benzyl chloride, and di(2-echylhexyl)adipate. This cask involved estimating production; consumption inmanufacture of other products; and environmental loss through waterdischarge, land dispose'., and air emission to determine the potentialrisk to human health ard the environment.
o Training and supervising temporary teams at EPA regional offices toreclassify 20,000 NPDES permit files on such factors as process designand wasce stream characteristics in order co determine major/minorstatus.
Verified for accuracy by: 4 \** ' f'/'sSt*.. h _____ Data: W$/&te OHH I Cfl—, .^ / v n n o u w i u w
JRB Associates —
Ust or ditciotur* of propotai data it tudjaet to tn* rntriction on trt* Titla Dig* of thii Proposal.
BRIAN J. BURGHER p ..
o Designing and costing a hazardous waste resource recovery systeminvolving recovery of solvents from spent solvents and recovery ofmetals from electroplating and c«.her metal processing sludges.
Prior to joining the JRB staff, Mr. Burgher was employed by Allied Chemical intheir Specialty Chemicals Division and Fibers Division. His first positionwas process engineer, with responsibilities in plane reLiability, processimprovement, process design, implementation of improvements and new designs,and pilot plant studies. He was specifically responsible for a variety ofenvironmental projects including an emissions inventory of Allied* s phenolmanufacturing facility, providing source -ompliance data for Philadelphia AirManagement Service. This work involved establishing testing procedures,testing over 50 sources, compilation and analysis of results, and implementa-tion of redesign and/or operational adjustments to reduce atmospheric losses.
He was also involved on a Task Force to improve reliability and productioncapacity in Allied's Toluene Diisocyanate (TDD facility. This includeddirect responsibility for process modifications and operations optimization ofa distillation system enabling production of a specialized product Line, whiledecreasing waste water loadings. He was also responsible for pilot studies,cost evaluation, and installation of a dinitrocoluene (DNT) and water emulsionbreaking separation system consiscing of carcridge filter emulsion breaker,storage tanks, pumps, and piping.
His final position with Allied was production supervisor of a phenolproduction unic, providing 65 percent of plant production. As such, he wasresponsible for supervising control room, operation, maintenance, loading andshipping, and tank farm personnel. He was also responsible for plant troubleshooting, maintenance scheduling, liaison with process engineering, and safetytraining. As part of his training for this position, Mr. Burgher temporarilyacted as loading and shipping supervisor. This position involved scheduling,supervising loading, and inspeccing barge, tank truck, rail car, and drumshipments.
PUBLICATIONS
Burgher, 3.J. "Opportunity for Industrial Resource Recovery", Proceedings ofthe l&th Mid-Atlantic Industrial Waste Conference. June 27-29, L982. ( inpress)
Burgher. B.J., V. Hodge, and J. Margolis, Industrial Resource RecoveryPractices: Leather and Leather Products (SIC 31). U.S. EPA, Office of SolidWasce, Washington, DC 1982.
Burgher, 3.J., M. Kaplan, H, Davis. Industrial Resource Recovery Practices:Fabricated Metals Production (sic 34), Machinery Manufacturing/Non-electrical(sic 35), Manufacturing of Electrical Machinery (.sic 36). U.S. EPA, Office ofSolid Waste, Washington, DC. 1982.
Richards, R., and Burgher, B.J., A Guide to Energy from MunicipalSvaiteltdrD ISmall Communities. U.S. EPA, Office of Solid Waste, 1982.
Verified for accuracy by: s£ J .s&r\.—£+> D>tt,i________'if. / JRB Associates —
'Jit or disctosura of prooou' data n subitcc to tha 'function on tht Tittt oagt of thu Proposal.
Page 1 of 3
WILLIAM D. ELLIS, Ph.D.
EDUCATION
Johns Hopkins University: Ph.D., Organic Chemistry <Johns Hopkins University: :i(A., Organic Chemistry/BiochemistryJohns Hopkins University: B.A. (with honors). Chemistry
SUMMARY
Dr. Ellis is an organic chemise and senior industrial hygienisc for JRBAssociates, cercified in comprehensive praccice of industrial hygieneby ehe American Board of Industrial Hygiene. He has had over 9 yearsof experience in occupational and environmental health, including develop-ment -of criceria for health standards, risk assessmenc, characterizationof hazardous wastes, and environmental transport of chemicals in soiland water. Dr. Ellis has investigated the environmental risk from wastemanagement practices of small generators, and assessed the risk from indus-trial Hazardous waste practices. He LS managing a task cor EPA to aeveiopchemical countermeasures for in si t u treatment of contaminated soil.Dr. ELLis managed the development of NIOSH criteria documents sn aliphaticpolyanines and chlorinated hydrocarbon wastes. This work involved assess-ing the literature on toxic effects of substances on- workers, and recom-mending engineering, work practice, and personal protective equipmenttechniques for controlling exposure. As a Compliance Officer for theMaryland Occupational Safety and Health Program and a field industrialhygienisc for JRB, he has performed all phases of industrial hygiene fieliwork, including sampling for exposures to toxic substances and reccrrsnendirvgexposure control mechods at industrial plants and construction sices.
EXPERIENCE
November 1973 to present: JRB Associates
At JRB, Dr. Ellis has been assessing the relative environmental risk fromthe hazardous waste management practices of small vs. large non-consumptiveend-users of chlorinated organics. This task, which covers such end-useprocesses as dry cleaning and metal degreasing, is part of the IndustryStudies program with the Office of Solid Wasce of the EPA.
Dri Ellis was recencly assessing 'the risk co human health and the environ- .menc of releases of toxic, ignicabie, reaccive, and corrosive wastes,as part o: the .regulacory impact analysis of hazardous waste storageregulations for the Office of Solid Waste. The effects of che physicaland chemical characteristics upon .he probability of release, che extentof environmental transport, and tte potential damage to human health andto environmental receptors was assessed. For the same project, Dr. ELLishas also assisted in evaluation of current technology and practices forhazardous waste scorage, in cerms of preventing releases and minimizingadverse environmental effects if releases occur.
Verified for Accuracy by; • •*& Date:
JRB Associates —
Ust or disctoiurt of oroootai flan n tuditct to tha ratuiction on tna Tit'a oaga of tfiu Prooosai.
William D. ELLis. Ph.D. Page 2 of 3
Daring the years 1980-1982, Dr. Ellis presented a 3-hour professionaldevelopment course at the annual American Industrial Hygiene Conferenceon the mechanism of action and the control of occupational carcinogens.All course material and audiovisual aids were prepared and assembled byDr. Ellis.
Dr. Ellis is also managing the Chemical Councermeasures Task of JRB'stechnical management support contract with the EPA Municipal EnvironmentalResearch Laboratory, This task involves three phases: L) Gathering information on chemical methods for in rUu treatment of hazardous materialspills to quiescent water hcuies, and of soil contaminated by leachatesfrom hazardous waste disposal sites; 2) Performing laboratory tests ofpromising in situ soil treatment methods; and 3) Providing technical sup-port to E?A pilot scale tests of in_sjj:_u treatment methods. The methodDr. ELlis is helping to develop is the use of an aqueous solution of asurfactant mixture 12 solubilize hvdrophobic chemicals from soil. Theproject has required expertise in soil science. s.oil mechanics, organicand analytical chemistry, and groundwater hydrology.
Previously. Dr. EL '.is was the document Tianager fcr a criteria iccumenton the safe handling oc chlorinated hydrocarbon wastes. This documentdescribed the best techniques available for protecting workers from expo-sure to toxic constituents of chlorinated hydrocaracn residues. It alsosummarized the toxic effects of 25 chlorinated hydrocarbons on workers.
Dr. ELlis was also the manager for a NtOSH document on aliphatic poly-amines. He prepared an innovative assessment using computer chemicaldata bases of the size and occupational health impact of che categoriesof poly amines to assist MIOSH in defining the scope of the document .He wrote the section assessing the toxic effects p_f poly amines on animals.
In addition, Dr. Ellis has worked in several other areas of environmentalprotection and occupational safety and health. Dr. Ellis assisted inthe preparation of a document for EPA assessing human exposures to phthal-ace esters in the environment. He also helped assess the qualicy controlassurance procedures for EPA analytical methods for the Effluent GuidelinesDivision, For the Louisiana On-site Consultation contract with OSHA.he was the 'senior industrial hygienist responsible for helping small busi-nesses to identify, evaluate, and control occupational health hazards.tn support of the development of NIOSH criteria documents on foundriesand nicrotoluenes , Dr. ELlis visitea plants cc assess available hazardcontrol methods.
February 197 to October 1978: '.aryland Occupational Safety and HealthProgram
Verified for Accuracy by: pace; c . s n n 1 53
JRB Associates
Uia or ditctosurf of orooowl data n tubiact to ma rtitnctton on tht Titia oaga of (tin Proposal.
William D. Ellts, Ph.D. Page 3 of 3
Prior co joining JRB. Dr. Ellis was an assistant co che Commissioner forTechnical Services of the Maryland Occupational Safety and Health Program.He supervised and crained junior industrial hygienists and served as coor-dinator with the public and che media on occupational health problems.He performed extensive industrial hygiene field work, such as samplingfor exposures co asbescos, silica, halogenaced hydrocarbons, and heavymetals ac 60 commercial and industrial plants. As an occupational healthconsultant for Maryland, Dr. Ellis counselled businesses on occupationalsafety and health standards and methods for concrol of health hazards.
1970 co 1980: Johns Hopkins Universiey
Dr. ELlis^conducted graduac* research on che dinicroso-hydrazide deami-nacion reaction. His research involved synchesis of optically accivehydrazine analogs of nicrosamines; decerminacion of che fate of isotopi-cally labeled nicroso groups by mass spectrometry; separation of reactionproducts ,by gas chromatography; and identification ar.d quantization ziorganic compounds by nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared, and uleraviolecspectrophotometry. •. •
1^69 to 1982: U.S. Army Reserves
Dr. Ellis was an Army-trained medic in the 309ch Medical Group of theU.S. Army Reserves. His duties included the formal training of the 309thin emergency medical creacmenc and in che prevencion of disease in militaryenvironments. .
PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATIONS '.
American Industrial Hygiene AssociationAmerican Academy of Industrial Hygiene
PUBLICATIONS. PAPERS. AND REPORTf
McGirk, R., Cyr, C., ElLis, W., and White, E. 197^. Application of cheNierosamide Reaction to Hydrazones. Journal of Organic Chemistry 39i385l
Ellis, W. 1980.. Application of che Nitrosamide Reaction to Alky I Hydra-zines. Doctoral Thesis, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
Verified for Accuracy by: * '& Dace;
JRB Associates _
Usa or diseioiura of proposal data u tubiaci to tht raitnetion on trte Titla oaqa of trut Propeui.
Page I of 2CLAUD IA A. FURMAN
EDUCATION
Franklin and Marshall College, B.A., Geology (1931)
EXPERIENCE
Claudia Furman is a Geologise with JRB's Wasce Management Division andhas been involved in numerous and varied projeccs since joining che JRBstaff.
Ms. Furman is presently one of several investigators for a project thatinvolves a nationwide survey of completed remedial actions at uncontrolledhazardous waste facilities. From this survey, twelve sites have beenselected for detailed case study analysis. Each site analysis involvesthe iiffsrer.t technologies used, their effectiveness, design, impler.er.tstior..and cose. The end product of this effort will be a document containingtwelve detailed technical case study reports intended for use as guidancern remedial action selection and implementation. Also recently, Ms. rurnanwas involved in the development of a remedial action screening methodology.The process uses sice, waste- and technology characteristics for the purposeof eliminating alternatives for particular sice situations.
Ms. Furman recently acced as one o£ several geologists supervising the -+/drilling and installation of groundwacer monitoring wells and well pointsat a Superfund site in New Jersey. The purpose of the monitoring programimplemented at'the site is to monitor che effectiveness of the remedialmeasures chat were caken co concrol che movemenc of contaminated groundwater.During the well installation program, Ms. Furr.an shared the responsibilityof overseeing the auger drill rig operations; collecting and characterizingcore samples and che writing up of daily logs.
Ms. Furman was involved in a groundwacer monitoring and sampling programac a.sice in Warminscer, Pennsylvania, for che Naval Air Development Center.She parcicipaced in che sampling of 14 wells chat were installed by JRBaround several areas of suspected hazardous waste disposal.
Ms. Furman was involved in developing a technical handbook for £?A, Cincin-nati, Ohio, on the design, conscruccion, and performance evaluation ofslurry crench cut-off walls used as pollutant migration control barriers.Her casks include an extensive liceracure search, information compilation,data review, and concribucirg co che final wricing cE the manual.
Under JRB's Chlorinated Organics Industry S,cudy, Ms. Furman managed thepreliminary invescigacion and assessmenc of 12 chlorinated organic manufac-turing facilities. This task involved the compilation and organization
Verified for accuracy by: /£v&s,sr i>& 'TSjt 'VUCt* Pa"-;VRAP.O!65
JRB Associates..
Uta or diteioiura of Dropout oata n mbtact to tna restriction on tha Titla oac.a of mu Proposal.
CLAUDIA FURMAN Page 2 of 2
of sice-specific environmental and wasce-cype daca, informacion and dacareview, criteria evaluation and sice assessmenc. In addition to che abovetask, Ms. Furman reviewed groundwacer model liceracure and cosc-benefieanalysis methods, compiled bibliographies, and prepared che informationin tabular and report formats. This informacion conscituces che prelimindrvbasis for reviewing groundwacer models pocencially useful for assessingchlorinaced organic facilicies and a cosc-benefit analysis method fordetermining regulatory impact on che industry.
Ms. Furman made significant contributions co a project requiring tne charact-erization and evaluation of 100 surface impoundments in Northern Virginia.Her responsibilities Include liceracure compilation, daca review, criceriaevaluation, and sice investigation co decerminc- compliance or noncompliancewtch che "Crieeria for Classification of Solid Waste Disposal Faciliciesand Practices." Subsequenc co ehis scudy, she wroce several sectionsof che final report "An Assessmenc of che Hazard Pocencial of ICO SurfaceImpoundmencs in Virginia."
Ms. Furman was involved in che research and writing of the "EmergencyDrum Handling Practices ac Abandoned Dump Sices" manual prepared for EPA'sMunicipal Environmental Research Laboracory in Edison. New Jersey. Herresponsibilities included a liceracure search, information review, andthe writing of several sections of Che manual.
\ i Ms. Furman participated in scudy involving che investigation and rating\~-' of 15 hazardous waste disposal sices in che Scace of Maryland. Her cask
included an excensive liceracure search for environmencai daca. informationand daca review, on-site field investigations, and che writing of finalsite invescigacion and assessment reports.
She was involved in che research and wricing of che "Technical ReferenceManual on Hazardous Wasce Facility Sicing," prepared for EPA Region III.In addition, she participated in che preparation of a hazardous wastedisposal faciliey siting presentation, presented before che West VirginiaSubcommiccee on Hazardous Wasces.
PUBLICATIONS . ' - : - - . '•""
R. Cochran, M. Kaplan, P. Rogoshewski, and C.A. Furman, "Survey and CaseScudy Invescigacion of Remedial Actions ac Uncontrolled Hazardous WasceSices," 3rd National Conference on :he Management of -,'nconcrolled HazardousWasce Sices, Washington, D.C., November 29 - December i. 1982.
R. Cochran, C.A. Furman and P. Rogoshewski, "Alternatives for Ground WaterContainment and Cleanup ac Hazardous Wasce Disposa'. Sices," NortheastConference on the Impact of Wasce Storage and Disposal on GroundwacerResources in Ichaca, N.Y., July'1982.
AR300I6&Verified for accuracy bvt £s*s4>jS>s&&. 75&6&S4A* Date; */g///&3
JRB Associates —
Ufa or diieic irt of voooul daa n subiact 10 tha rastnciion on tha Titla pagt of nil Prooow).
ANDRIS LAPINS
EDUCATION
University of Pennsylvania: M.R.P., Regional Planning (1980)University of Pennsylvania: Coursework toward M.S., GeologyFranklin and Marsh'. 11 College: B.A., Geology (1978)
EXPERIENCE
Mr. Lapins is an environmental scientist with JRB's Waste Management Depart-ment. His project involvement has included: coordinating and conductingfield investigations ac controlled and uncontrolled hazardous waste sicesincluding, supervising che installation of groundwacer monitoring wellsand groundwater, soil and sediment sampling; data analysis; contaminanttransport assessment; hydrogeologic and geomechanical evaluation; and alterna-tive site remediation analysis.
Presently, Mr. Lapins is managing a task for EPA's Emergency Response uivi-sion involving upd&cing EPA's "Acceptance Lisc" for dispersancs and otherchemical countermeasures for oil spills, and reformatting technical cescdata for each produce, which will be included in Subpart H of the NationalContingency Plan as Appendix C of 40 CFR 300. The "Acceptance Lisc" andreformatted technical produce test data will serve eo facilitate an expedi-tious seleccion of appropriate chemical countermeasures by On-scene Coordi-nators in EPA Regional offices and U.S. Coast Guard Districts in the eventof a spill.
Mr. Lapins has had considerable experience supervising the drilling andinstallation of groundwacer monitoring wells, and with conducting groundwacersampling and soil/sediment sampling. Collectively, he has played a supervi-sory role in projects which involved the installation of more than 40 monitor-ing wells, employing both hydraulic rotary and hollow seem auger drillingmethods, and has performed groundwater sampling of more than 70 wells forcouney and federal clients.
For the U.S. Army, Mr. Lapins investigated and evaluated soil, sediment,and groundwacer contamination resulting from munitions manufacturing activi-ties at two Army depots in Illinois and Tennessee as pare of che Army'sInstallation Restoration Program. His involvement in these projects includ-ed: developing novel sampling and health and safety procedures for samplingreactive wastes, coordinating field sampling activities with Laboratoryactivities in accordance with the analytical requirements of samples Coinsure accurate analy xc..l results, supervising the drilling and installationof groundwater monitor...g wells, obtaining core and grab samples of sedimentsconcaining high concencracions of explosives, groundwater sampling, geotech-nical and hydrogeologic daca analysis remedial action evaluation, and finalreport preparation. Mr. Lapins also supervised the installation of ground-water monitoring wells ac Hancock Field, New York, for che U.S. Air Forceas part of their Installation Restoration Program. _^ . _ _
AR300I67Verified for accuracy by: Ssf%&&gjr /r/2s2&*t»&________Date:
JR3 Associates —
Uta or disclosure of proposal data is subiact to tha restriction on tha Titla paga of thit "rooouf.
EDWARD W. REPA
EDUCATION
West Virginia Universicy, Ph.D. Hydrology (1981)Wesc Virginia Universicy, M.S.F. Hydrology (1977)Baldwin-Wallace 'College, B.S. Biology (1975)
EXPERIENCE
Dr Repa is currenely Project Manager (PM) and Principal Investigator (.PI)on three hazardous waste sice investigations. One scudy is being performedac Che LiPari Landfill, Superfund sice number 1, co assess che performanceof che slurry wall and surface cap being installed as che remedial actionat che sice over a cwo year period. The ocher cwo studies are beingperformed ac Hancock Field and Olmsted Air Force Base under che Air ForcesInscallacion Rescoration Program. In che role of PM/PI on these projeccsOr. Repa has developed groundwacer monitoring plans, supervised cheinstallation of monitoring wells and the collection of water qualitysamples, and coordinated the interpretation of hydrogeologic data. Inaddition to these, current projeccs, he has also served as ?X, ?I on overthirty hydrogeologic impacc assessments ;"or the coal mining insuscry. lr.this role, he also supervised che "installacion of many monitoring wells.parcicipaced in ehe colleceion of groundwacer, surface water and biocicsamples, and coordinaced che daea interpretation and prediction of theprobable hydrologic impacts from che mining operations.
Dr. Repa is also che PM for an EPA project that is developing a manual onproven and innovacive technologies for controlling che migration ofhazardous waste leachace plumes. He led and developed one of the chaptersof chis manual encicled Groundwacer Pumping. This ciiapcer dealch with allaspects of well systems for plume control including well theory, design,installation, and costs. He is also serving as a Senior Technical Reviewerfor the other chapters : Plume Dynamics, Plume Delineation, ControlTechnology Seleccion, Subsurface Drains, Impermeable Barriers, and Innova-cive Technologies.
Dr. Repa has also served as a Project Manager or Principal Investigator ona number of projeccs including:
A theoretical evaluation of subsurface drains for use in landfillsthat are partially or fully located below che groundwacer cable.
o
o A review, evaluation, and critique of existing rjmerical andanaiyeical groundwacer models for cheir possible appli at ion co riskassessments associaced with hazardous waste sices.
Verified for accuracy b y ; s ^ ^ / j _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ D a c e '.
JRB Associates _
APPENDIX B
PERSONAL CONTACT LIST
RR300I69
APPENDIX B
OUTSIDE PERSONNEL CONTACT LIST
NAME ADDRESS PHONE
Tim Alloway Harrisburg Int'l Airport (707)948-5015Harrisburg, FA
Bill Engle Manager/Water Resources (205) 437-7642All en town, PA
Frank Fair PA Dept* of Environmental Resources (717) 787*9697Operations ChiefSolid Waste ManagementHarrisburg, PA
Larry Hamacher General Manager HIA (717) 948-5015PA DOT45 Lake DriveHarrisburg, PA 17057
Steve Jarvela USEPA Region IIIEnvironmental Emergency Branch6th and Walnut StreetsPhiladelphia, PA 19106
Phillip Retallic USEPA Region III (215) 597-4556Environmental Emergency Branch6th and Walnut StreetsPhiladelphia, PA 19106
Grace Roue Acting Records Officer UnavailableNational Personnel Records CenterSt. Louis, MO .
Bill Seybert Nat'l Personnel Records Center Unavailable9700 Page Blvd.St. Louis, MO 03132
Mike Steiner PA Dept. of Environmental Resources (717) 783-2818Bureau of Solid Waste ManagementHarrisburg, PA
Bruce Smif \ Chief/Environmental Emergency Branch (215) 597-4556USEPA Region III6th and Walnut StreetsPhiladelphia, PA 19106
AK300170
APPENDIX B
OUTSIDE PERSONNEL CONTACT LIST (CONTINUED)
NAME ADDRESS PHONE
Jeff Molner PA Dept. of Environmental Resources (717) 783-2818Hydrolog1stHarrisburg, FA
David Hess PA Dept. of Environmental Resources (717) 783-2818Harrisburg, PA
Ray Baker FEMA (202) 287-0461
Elmer Knaub PA Dept. of Environmental Resources (717) 948-9687Harrisburg, PA
Paul Gray Assistant Director of Military RecordsNational Personnel Records Center9700 Page Blvd.St. Louis, MO 63132
Bruce Tolbert Military Personnel Records Center9700 Page Blvd.St. Louis, MO
Jane Bassman Military Personnel Records Center9700 Page Blvd.St. Louis, MO
Robert Mitkus USEPA Region IIIEnvironmental Services Division6th and Walnut StreetPhiladelphia, PA
Bill Wills Rentco, Facility Manager (717) 944-7491Division of FreuhaufMiddleton, PA
Nicholas Tuduy Resident (717) 426-12':4Box 50RDtfl, Bratmbridge, PA
Mr. & Mrs. Kohr Resident UnavailableMiddletown, PA
Arthur A. Socolow State GeologistPA Dept. of Environmental Resources SRSHQ 1 7 IBureau of Topographic and GeologicSurveyHarrisburg, PA
APPENDIX BPERSONNEL CONTACT LIST
(AIR FORCE)
POSITION ADDRESS PHONE
Chief of Civil Engineering 193D Civil Eng. Flight (717) 948-2206/HIA, Middletown, PA 17057 AV 454-9206
AFESC Representative/ HQ AFESC/DEVP (904) 283-6189/Project Officer/Hazardous Tyndall AFB, F2 32043 AV 970-6189Waste
LEEV Representative/ HQ AFESC/Public Affairs (904) 2S3-6476/Public Affairs Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 AV 970-6476
JACL Representative HQ USAF/JACL (202) 697-0999Washington, D.C. 20330
LEEV Representative HQ USAF/LEEV (2C2) 767-5241/Washington, D.C. 20330 AV 297-6241
Bioenvironmental Engineer/ HQ USAF/SGES (202) 767-5078/Office of Surgeon General Washington, D.C AV 297-5078
Civil Engineering Rep. ANGSC/DEV (301) 981-6693/Air National Guard Andrews AFB, MD AV 858-6693
Air Commander 193D Special Operations Group (717) 948-2201/HIA, Middletown, PA 17057 AV 454-9201
Engineering Operations and 193D Civil Eng. Flight (717) 948-2251/Management HIA, Middletown, PA 17057 AV 454-9257
Bioenvironmental Health 193D TAG Clinic (717) 94S-2236/HIA, Middletown, PA 17057 AV 454-9236
Office of AF History Boiling, AFB (202) 767-5088Office of AF History5681 Macey Bldg.Washington, D.C.
National Records Center National Records Center (301) 763-2876Representative Modern Military Field Branch
Suitland, MD
USAF/OEHL Representative Unavailable (512) 536-2891)
LEEV Representative/ Boiling AFB (202) 767-4178Chief Environmental Division Environmental Division BR30Q 1 72Directorate of Engr & Svcs Washington, D.C.
APPENDIX B
LIST OF INTERVIEWEES
1. Road Crew Laborer, Maintenance 1949-1968Equipment Operator
2. Bulldozer/Crane Operator Unknown
3. Mechanic, Supply Depot, ' 1942-PresentFire Chief (now Fire Chief with HIA)
4. Shop Maintenance Employee 1939-Present(now Maintenance Supervisor at HIA)
5. Maintenance Employee 1956-Present(now Maintenance Supervisor at HIA)
6. Fire Department, Engine Repair, 1950-1968Fire Inspection Employee
7. Overhaul Shop Operator . 1955-1968
8. Motor Pool Operator 1948-Present
9. Baltimore District, Corps of Engineers, 1956-1968Runway Construction Inspector
10. Base Assistant Civil Engineer Unknown
11. Facility Design Engineer 1956-1962
APPENDIX C
GLOSSARY OF TERMINOLOGY AND ABBREVIATIONS
flR300!7U
APPENDIX C
GLOSSARY OF TERMINOLOGY
ALLUVIAL TERRACE: A terrace resulting from the deposition of sediments by theoperation of modern rivers.
AQUIFER; A geologic formation, group of formations, or part of a formationthat is capable of yielding water to a well or spring.
ARKOSE: A sandstone containing 252 or more of feldspan minerals.
ARTESIAN CONDITIONS: Refers to groundwater under sufficient hydrostatic headto rise above the aquifer containing it.
BEDDING: Planes dividing sedimentary rocks of the same or differentcomposition.
BLS: Below land surface.
CHERT: A compact, siliceous rock formed of chalcedonic or opaline silica, oneor both. Occurs distributed through limestone.
DIABASE: A rock of basaltic composition, consisting essentially oflabradorite and pyroxene and characterized by ophitic texture.
DIKE: A tabular body of igneous rock that cuts across the structure of , Jadjacent rocks or cuts massive rocks.
DIP: The angle at which a stratum or any planar feature is inclined from thehorizontal.
EROSION: The wearing away of land surface by wind or water.
FLOOD PLAIN: The lowland and relatively flat areas adjoining inland andcoastal areas of the mainland and off-shore islands, including, at aminimum, areas subject to a one percent or greater chance of flooding inany given year.
GROUND WATER: Water beneath the land surface in the saturate zone that isunder atmospheric or artesian pressure.
HAZARDOUS WASTE: A solid waste, or combination of solid wastes, which becauseof its quantity, concentration, or physical, chemical or infectiouscharacteristics may cause or significantly contribute to an increase inmortality or an increase in serious, irreverisble, or incapacitatingreversible illness; or pose a substantial present or potential hazard tohuman health or the environment when improperly treated, stored,transported, or disposed of, or.otherwise managed.
HOMOCLINE: A group of inclined beds of the same dip. &R3Q0175HORNFELS: A fine-grained, non-schistose metamorphxc rock resulting from _/
contact metamorphiem.
APPENDIX C
GLOSSARY OF TERMINOLOGY (Continued)
IGNEOUS ROCK: Rock formed by solidification form a molten or partially moltenstate.
METAMORPHIC ROCK: Rock formed in the solid state in response to pronouncedchanges of temperature, pressure, and chemical environment.
PERMEABILITY: A rock's capacity for transmitting fluid. Depends upon thesize and shape of the pores and their interconnections.
PLAGIOCLASE: A mineral group with the formula (Na, Ca)Al(Si,Al)Si2o_* one ofthe most common rock-forming minerals.
POTENTIOMETRIC SURFACE: Surface to which water in an aquifer would rise byhydrostatic pressure.
PYROXENE: A mineral group with the general formula (rag, Fe, Ca)(mg,Fe,Al)Si-0, ; includes some of the most common rock-forming minerals.
QUARTZITE; A met amor phic rock consisting of essentially quartz.
SEDIMENTARY ROCK: Rock formed of sediment.
SILLS: An intrusive body of igneous rock of approximately uniform thicknessand relatively thin compared with its lateral extent, which has beenemplaced parallel to the bedding of Che intruded rock.
SOLID WASTE: Any garbage, refuse, or sludge from a waste treatment plant,water supply treatment, or air pollution conCrol facility and otherdiscarded material, including solid, liquid, semi-solid, or containedgaseous material resulting from industrial, commercial, mining, oragricultural operations and from community activities, but does notinclude solid or dissolved materials in domestic sewage; solid ordissolved materials in irrigation return flows; industrial dischargeswhich are point source subject to permits under Section 402 of theFederal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended (86 USC 880); or source,special nuclear, or by-product material as defined by the Atomic EnergyAct of 1954 (68 USC 923).
STRIKE: The direction or bearing of the outcrop of an inclined bed orstructure on a level surface, it is perpendicular to the direction ofthe dip.
RR3QQI76
APPENDIX C
GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS
AF Air Force
AFB Air Force Base
AFESC Air Force Engineering and Service Center
ANG Air National Guard
Bldg. Building
CE Civil Engineering
CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and LiabilityAct
Cfs Cubic feeet per second
DCE Dichloroethylene
DEQPPM Defense Environmental Quality Program Policy Memorandum
DOD Dept. of Defense
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
*F Degrees Fahrenheit
ft. Feet
gpd Gallons per day
gpm Gallons per minute
HARM Hazard Assessment Rating Methodology
HIA Harrisburg International Airport
Hrs. Hours
in. Inch
IRP Installation Restoration Program
MAAMA Middletown Air Matrial Area
mo. Month
APPENDIX C
GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS (Continued)
MSL Mean sea level
No. Number
OAFH Office of Air Force History
OFH Odd Fellows Home
PADER Pennsylvania Dept. of Environmental Resources
PA DOT Pennsylvania Dept. of Transportation
PCE Perchloroethylene
Penn State Pennsylvania State University
POL Petroleum, Oil, and Lubricants
ppb Parts per billion
ppm Parts per million
Vy RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
SCS Soil Conservation Service
sq. ft. Square feet
sq. mi. Square mile
TCE TrichloroeChylene
USAF Uniced States Air Force
USDA United States Dept. of Agriculture
VC Vinyl chloride
AR3QOI78
APPENDIX D
SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL DAtA
D-l Logs, Historical and Specification Data forWells at Olmsted AFB
D-2 Records Data for Wells in the Olmsted AFBarea
D-3 Analytical Data for Wells at Olmsted AFB
D-4 Analytical Data for Wells in Diabase
D-5 Well Location Map and Summary Tables of PADER Well Sampling Analysis Results-SunsetGolf Course Area
aR300l79
APPENDIX D-l
LOGS, HISTORICAL AND SPECIFICATION DATAFOR WELLS AT OLMSTED AIR FORCE BASE
; -(LEMINGER, 1983)
AR300I80
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•WCLL LOG-WtUU M&Z WAS DRiLLtOtS AWd- Ifl^l To A DEPTHcf +so'~ o** AF^Q CAS£DOftY TO ,fc0 o'* rr«
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AR300I8I . j
1STED A'R. PORCL BASEL'liDDLe.TOWW ptNNA
GLHSXSD AXJR ?CHCS "BASSDA!EA
27 May
EISTCRY OP NO. 1 V3LL
No 1 *ell was drilled 13 July 19 1 to a £epth of 2*50' ane cased dry
to 10V between a 10" casing and lUH hole. The 30' of IV hole vaa cased
first- The static level vas 23* producing 200 g.p-p.n. with a 20 h. p. Pun?
set at l K)' • In the stssaer of 19 3 the static level and the pusming level
dropped arul on 1? July 19 3 the veil vas redrilled to a total depth of 629" .
She 10" hole entends the total depth of the veil and 25 h. p, pump vas
installed set at 200* vhich is producing 250 g.p.m. vith a 57 ' crav down,
static level 9V, pumping level 129* against a 3CV1 head. The pump is a 2p^ f i :
h p. Pomona with 4 " coluna 13 stage bovl &8sedbly, length "of i air line
200'.
AR300182
Results of open flow test tor Ho* 1 Well
STATIC PUHPEKJ HEADTIMS ______ G??J ______ IS7EL ______ IS7EL ________ DD ______ IH.FT
lOiOO 2ii5 70' 0
10i30 2U5 120* 50'
11*00 2U5 123* 53'11*30 2l£ 128" S8<
12sOO 2US . 130» 60»
12:3 2US 133* 3» '
liOO 2U5 12U« 6Ur
1OO 21£ 13S1 ' 65'2:00 2U5 136» 66'
2»30 2lt5 137* 67 •
3:00 2US 4 1UO» 701
3OO 2US DiO> 70*
HS?JARSS: 2$ H.P, Pomp set at 200« ]$* Coluan 13 Stags bowl assembly.
Pomona Fump-tfestinghcuse Uotor 220 7 AC installed Au0ist 19li3*
Teaperatura of irater 56°F.
AR300183
Draw-doim for tfeUs No. 1 through No. 8 during open flow test puooiag ofNo. 1 Vfell.
DDHELLNo. 1
50' '.53'58»6o»
63'6fc»
65'66'
67'70'
70 »
DD
No. 2
9U'
96'
07 >
103 »
1*1
108'
DD ID"HELL WELLNo. 3 No. U
21' 81*
11* 81'
.10' 82 '
U' 8Uf
1' 85'
13' 86'
DD' "BELLNo. 5
11 *
2U-
26'
*29'
29'
30'
WTOILNo. 6
131
131
13'
Hi'
16'
22'
DD DD1TCT T T7JITT T• i" U*J I'a-tUU
No. 7 Ho» 8
9' 83'
15' 82»
33! 37'
3h' 83'1
U51 37'
50 • 32'STATIC ft'ATCR EE Vttt
9U' 103' 10?' UV 10. U2' 10' 66'PUHPTUG - IEVEL
120'
123 '
123'
130"
133'
135'136'
137'1UO'140-lUO'
202'
20U>
205*
211'
212'
216'
1301 1251
120' 125'
U?1 126'
120' 128'
103' 129'
122' 130*
51'
6U'
66' '
69'
69'
70' ,
55'
55'
55'
56'
58'
6U'
19 ' 151;'
26' 152'
10' 1531
Ui' 15U'
55' 153'
60 1 ft*\i$t 18U
OU'-STSD AIR 70KCS BASS .
UEtL DATA
27
HISTCRT *? FT. 2 7S
No* 2 Troll TTOS drlUed 15 August 19U1 to a decth of U50* and
cased dry ta 100' b*tw»n 10" aasing and 1U" holt. Tha 1U" hole vaa oao d
first 30't static lave! -was 31' and prod cad 23li g.p.o. »ith a 20 h. p.
3unn set at DiO*. Batman 19lil and 19U5, static lev*l *nd psa?ing lev«l
dropp'-d to nhtfre it vaj nacassary to aid sr. addiiicajl ;01 sf r-= colu-m
and shaft} i*itch extended the sotting Crcin 1UO' to 19C1 and incro^sad tfce
motor frca 20 h* p. to 25 h. p. The additicnal head redacod tha
of pism to 150 g.p.a. in Uay, 1 53* i5i« T«31 -was treated -sLth o
but ta» static lawl did not increaoa in Pefcrviary 1951*. i 30 3. P. purr
raa lastallfld to a derth of 2$0' aiad Is trotiuBing 290' g.p.TS. irith a
dcro of 1C1«, static w?tcr l ral ia lOii' puaping l«iT«l 209'.
5R30Q185
21* F0133 TEST 09 BO. 2 TSLLP5BFCB5ED BT tOSL BSOSES3 iSLT 11* 4 15, 1953
tr*xiti 00 p.&*5s 00 p.&.6lOO p.2L*7»CO P.O.BtOO p,au9sCO p.si.lOiCO p«a.11 1 00 p.0.12iCO a.n.llOO l.BL*2iCO a..su3 i CO **suU MMiCO a«cu5iOO •••xuOlCO A.CU7>CO a. a.6iOO ft a.9iCO a a.lOtCO a.fiulit CO a.«n«12iCO BoonIsOO p.m.2iOO p.B.3tOO p»JU
TATSa I575Z.
1S7 ft.190 ft.192 ft.19U ft.195 ft.156ft.197 ft.199 ft.200 ft.201 ft.2C2 ft.203 ft.2QU ft.205 ft.206 ft.207 ft.2C3 ft.209 ft.210 ft.212 ft.212 ft.£12 ft.as ft." a6 ft.
O.P.H-
£U?sU52l;52U5212!;0^ ;f*235235235230230230230230230230230230230230230229225
ftR300i86
__ I*HVE3» FEOM 1»SLL3 1 AJO 3TIE TSST TOIPIBS OF TiELLS 50. 2 F02 2U KOT2H CTICD
30. _____TIIS______7ATEH LSVSL O.P.K.
1 11 tOO a A 115 ft. 2UO3 lltlO a A 1U3 ft. 2001 12110 ffoea lid ft. 2333 12tOO Soon iltf ft. 2CO1 Is00 p.a. 121 ft. 2303 ItCO pA 150 ft. SCO1 2iCO p.a. 123 ft. 2303 StOO pA 155 ft. 2CO1 3tOO PA 125 ft. 2323 3tOO PA 159 ft. 1951 UiOO PA 127 ft. 2323 UiOO PA 159 ft. 1951 5tOO PA 130 ft. 2353 5iOO p.a« 165 ft. 2001 6s 00 p.a« 132 ft. 23U3 6iOO p.au 170 ft. 1>61 71 CO p.a. 13U ft. 2353 7sCO PA 169 ft, 155l a»oo PA 135 ft. 2353 8s 00 p.a. 170 ft. 1961 9iOO PA 137 ft. 2J23 9sOO PA 171 ft. 1951 lOtOO PA lio ft. 2333 10s00 p.a. 17U ft. 1951 UtOO PA H£ ft. £28 5>W»3 11 tOO PA 176 ft. '193 5AV531 I2s00 a.a. HU ft. 225 5/U/533 12s 00 a.a. 17U ft. 190 5/W531 Is 00 a A 1U» ft. 22U 5/15/533 IsOO a.a. 17U ft. 192 5/15A31 2tOO a.a. li*6 ft. 223 5A5/533 2s 00 a.a. 175 ft. 190 5/15/531 3»00 aA 1U7 ft. 223 5A5/533 3»CO a.a. 17U ft. 139 5/L5/531 UtOQ a.a. l£3 ft. 223 5A5/533 UsOO a A 173 ft. 138 5/L5/331 5s00 a.a. 1U9 ft. 22U 5A5/933 5«00 a A 177 ft. 138 5A5/ 31 6sCO a u 151 ft. 22U 5/15/533 6tOO aA 179 ft. 183 5/W531 7sOO a.a. 1 ft. 222 5A5/333 7tO) aA 177 ft. 183 5A5/531 8sOO a.a* 153 ft. 226 5A5/533 8iOO a.a. 178 ft. 135 5A5/ 31 '9100 a.a, 1?U ft. £25 5/15/533 9tOO aA 179 ft. 1SU1 lOtOO a a. 155 ft. 2233 lOtOO a.m. 130 ft. 1&3
-"••''"*"•
• 2 -
PGUPIXG LE7SL FSOX FELLS 1 ASS 3DC1IJG T3Z T2ST FUHFI&U OF TSLLS 70* 2 PCS 2k SOUS P2SKD
(Coatincsd)
TTELL KG._____ trig_____ WATSR L5TO_____C.P.IT._______PAS
1 UtCO AA 157 ft. 220 5/L5/533 UiOO AA 162 f>, 182 5/15/531 12tOO ffoca 158 ft. 220 5/15/333 12tOO Soon 18U ft. 183 5/15/531 ItCO p.a. 159 ft. £28 5/15/533 liOO p.au 161 ft. 1621 2100 PA 160 ft. 22»3 StOO p.a. 1C2 ft* 1Q31 3»oo p.«. 160 ft. 2305 3tOO PA 182 ft. 153 5/15/931 UiOO p.m. 166 ft. 225 5/l5>933 UiOO p a. 168 ft. 190 5A5/33
Drstw-doim froa TT«lli 1 aad 3 *ar« taksn by Air Inatallatloac pers?ns«l,tost peeping of 5o. 2 7f«ll vac asoecpllahed t>7 th* Contraetcr, lohl
End of 2U bear t««t rtn A. 1*0* *er«enncl «ad« a te*t on 3To. 2l»rol va< 2l6 ft. aid pvaped 225 O.P.K* raading oa air eoapr«i«cr?a« b«t*w«n 10-12-f, afid tupMtar read 50 «s?«. Than elotud -ml-r*
on dlaeharge lla« to 1;0 pr*«(or« for 15 Klavte*, vmt«r l«rel went from£16 ft. - 180 ft., 55 aap« and punptd 155 O.P.r., then epe ftd 6* ml-raon dlafihar o lla« and tisod D.D., In oight Blast** *»t*r l«T«sl v«&t frcet180 ft. • 216 ft., aad ptaaptd 225 6,P.. ta open 4it charge, then «hut off«oll p crp, and left air eospr»««cr run la 15 aintaa* watar IATV! met froa2l6 ft. - 130 ft. aad r«aaia«d at 130 ft. for another 15 mintrtet, thut devaair eoapreator 5 ainato« la tar, eheetad mter l«rel bad r*aaia»d at 130 ft.did not make any further
AR300188
OU'STED AE 7CRCS BASS
TO1 D*TA
27
UTn5 * n T *' f ^ TCt T Tnj TjJti >jf tt . 3 toLL
Bo. 3 w»n was drilled 25 September l°hl to a depth cf U50' and
dry to 100' between 10" onaing and 1U" hole. Th« 30' of 1U" hcla
cased first. Static level was 26' and produced 13C fi.p.n irith a 2C
h. o» aotor set at IliO' in 1952. Tfca static l vd. and puxping ISTB! <irop-?d
to where column and shaft had to'ta lowered to -utilize the- 'roll. In " rch
1?53 an additional 110' of colunn and aha.'t vas adiod punp 9 ttl.-.6- it -;-a,-.:t
is 250', atatlo ley l 1UU'» poaping level 15?' and producir.j 165 g. .ra. j
against a 365* huad. A 20 h.p. /ot r wa- replaced witli 25 h. p. nctcr.
Pr""9 D TA: 25 h.p, Poacna oump T?ith Us" coluoi 11 stage .boTfl asseatly
length c£ 4" air lira is 250•.
AR30QS89
Results of open flov.teat for Ho. 3 Well
TBE
10:00
10:30
ntoo11:3012:00
12:30
1:CC
1:30
2:002:303:00
3»304:00
HMAHK3:
GPM
235
235230
225
225
225
2C5
225
225
225
225
225
225
25 H.P.
250*. J
STATIC FUl-PIX EEADLEVEL LSV2L CD El FT
109'
no114
117117US
US
118
120
120
121
122
122
Fcacaa Pusg? 4A-" column.
Puap Vasticghouse l-Sotor
t !• o
518,
8'9,
' ?'
91U'
U't j^t
'• 13'
13'
11 stage hcvl assembly set At
220 V installed March 1953-Tea erature
AR300I90
Draw-down fcr ffella Ho. 1 thrcugi to. 8 during open flew teat imping cf
So. 3 -'ell.
119' 190* 117' 115' 63' 6U> 2i:»
1251 199' n8> 121' 6?« 67' UO
DuiffS: 1No. 1
16'
25 '
31'
37'
39'
UO'
DDSKINo, 9
22'
62'
91'
92'
92'
92'
DD1SLLHo. 3
1'
8'
8'
9'
9'
9f
11'
U'
12 1
13'
13'
ED ID DD DD DDt£LL £S L V^EI* 'S3' L id F.rNo. U No. 5 Kc. 6 No. 7 '*o. 5
U« 0» 20» 5' 66'
71* 23' 22» 1U< 66'
77' 27' 25' 3C' 67'
75 • £3' 32 ' 3U' 56'
771 291 33' W 371
7S' 30' . 33' 5U' 37'
STATIC V/A'EK LET.~.I,
9U' 10B' 109 • Ui' hO' U2' 10' 65'
HT.-u':a - LEV L
112' 130' UOt 1 8' U0< 62" 15' 152'
2CO' 116' II?1 631 7U1 l 1 152&R300I
1331 200« 120* 121' 69 » 7$' 56' 153
121'*••"•' irw-M ^ ft • i MA , _„, _., ,.
.JELL DA "A
27 1J
HtSTORYOF WEtr. Mb. It :s
Well Ho. 2| was drilled Ootobor L?L1 to A dentfa of ii5?' A»i cased
dry 10u' betva«a 10" casing And Ik* hole. Iho 30* of 1U" hole iras eased
first. .*co atatio level vaa 2?1 producing 20-s.o.a. irith 20 h. c. TUT sat
at liiO1 • This fnia *as cleaned 1951. frssont F«=P is 20 h. p. P; r,i
pure a-:t at lijO', 1*3 oclurn 10 ata^ bcvl araaa ly Trcdacir^ 135 G-3»~*
against « 2^' hoad. Jrfls nt static lev«l ia liU^ cuarlne lev-1 ia 122'
draw-dcra| 78'. &. 2i -veil- -haoalO" h.-.le.
RR300182
rn for Walla No. 1 thrrugti Ho. 3 during open flow Vs*< ruaolng ;fn o . b . v jDDSET.LHO. 1
31'
3L'
39'
la-
Id'
U3'
CD DD DD!SU. 1E7J. VEILMo. 2 No. 3 Ho. U
9U' 5' 78'
85'96' U' 68'
89'
97' 5' 90'
92'
93' 6' 9ii'
99' 7« 95'
96'120' Qt 971
97 1
DD DDWELL *£!/Ko. 5 frfs. 6
10' 11'
25' 1J»'
28' Hi'
3C* 16*
32' 19'
32' 22'
DD IBT£!A, '.'fia»•* t •». ^.vO. f t*G. w
8' 36'
17' 86'
3li' C6'
U5: 67 ;
52' 57'
52« 671
ST'TTC ' 'TTTi L"T.X
9U'
125'
123'
/
133'
135'
137"
ic3' ao9' Ui'PUMPEJQ -
202' 111*' 116*
129'
SCli1 U3' 132'
1331205' 11U' 13U'
136'
206' U51 138'
139'207 • 116» l!|0»
lip.'
UO' WLEVSL
50' 53*
65' 56'
68' 56'
70' 58'
•
72' 61'
10' 66 »
18' 152'
271 152*
. Ui« 152'
55' 153'
AR300I962' 153'
137' 2C3' 117' lul' 72' 6ii» 62«
-""-'
Haaulta of ojwn flo* taat for Bo. k all
STATIC P.1''? ?:Q HEAD
10:0010 130nio>11:30
12103
I2tj0
1103
Ii30
2iOO '
2t30
3t:o3:>0
lilOO
172
175
173170
170
170
166
166
166
165
165l"5165
to'n6' 72" O1
129' 85 »
132' ££•
r : 133' '^'
I3li' ?0'136' 92'
132' 9U'
133' 9b*
139* ?5'liiO' * 96'
11*1' 57'
l!il' ?7'
B?'AI»JESi 20 H.?. Puan a.t At 1 0', If ooluzn 10 ttage bo«l*
Pomona Puap %«Btinghou«3 Uotor 223 V AC installed October
Te per-ituro of water 56°7.
AR300I91J
CU33XED AJS FCSCB BAJ33
VELL DATA
27 Kay
car HELL HQ. 5This veil vas acquired vita, tha purchase of Sldg T-OA and ground,
frca the ?nel-Lana Corporation in tha year of 19*11. Ho data la avail-
able relative to the actual depth cr size of the veil nor the length
of the easing. la !&y of 15 3 tha veil vaa tested and produced 155
3-p a- When the caairg van split at ICO1 frca the surface the veil
produced 235 3-P a vith a 20 H.r. ?unp set at lUO1 agaiost a 24V
head vith A drav-down of 37 ' • The pimp vas installed t!ay 19 3 . .. j
RR300195
Rocults of open flcu test frca Go 5 veil
T33-SB
10J30
LUOQ
11:30
12tOQ
12:301:CO
1:302:00
2:30SiOO
3«304lOO
fe:30
«Tj«5jSi
S2A23CCKI LSVSL
gtO 2
2*0
235
235235
235232
235
235 .
235
233835235
i 20 E.F. Puap set at 1AO fc! *
Fcrm\ Pusz) i Galr. Air 1*1
nt rcI27VSL
63*63'
TV7^>
7 '
75'77'
77'79'73 •
79'79'
£ ' cnli,im 10 tfI- 220 Vcat AC
CD 3£AD13 KP
£6' 0
32'
32'
32
32'
22*
35 '
35'
37'
37'-
37'
37'
091 tori osi blj.< «r»f<i l I4jw 19 3-
57° P.
ftR300l96
»r »• - ' »' * "'77'
^
&R30QS9
M. A. D. Contract #AF*36(600)-931 IfeU #5 6j dia- x 760'
Tested with 150 HP 7ord V-3 TSaglng driven 10 etaga 8 a:
?cm?a Rrrp set at W*8 ft. vith WtO n. 6 x 1" col. & ohaft Airline
Wed. tee, 1-34 CTS CASaCZTT FUMPXSQ tZ7. ?12JP CCKD,
aeter orifice gage v.l. spued s«tGPM la. GPM ft. ft. FFl • Inp.
10:13 too inch «ater 3 5 55 3610il5 5 0 for orifice 260 160 2500 3610:20 5teO &Q 2CO . **
Speeded up 10:25 to lover puspiog larcl10:30 630 too SKC& vatcr 250 190 2-.00
for orificeStart down- Changed orifice 6"*5" orifice Lowsred Icr5ellers
10:35 fcO 780 2JO 150 sj-cc 301C:*5 7 37 7 5 2 *0 200 &:«-311:00 3l£ 6S5 2 5 193 S7WShut dcvn to lower ia ellers to Bin11:03 1*3 &3 jUo scoU:15 *$ 7 5 225 21511:20 730 35 725 235 205 275011:30 3* 715 £4o 200 2?co
Stepped 11:32 Per order of B. Cocrad>71oodin£ area-Can 't exhaust V2ll
'Jell UI3* 350 -90Beccvery Ulto 363 75
11:50 375 65
AR300I98
AIR 7CRC2
EAflV
27 May
HISTCrfT C? gQ. 6 V5LL
So. 6 vtll vas drilled JUaa 19 3 to & depth of 500* ard caseddry to 200" vith 02" casing, vhlca produced 600 g.p.a. vlth a 75 n. p
Puss; set at lUo* . *se trubidlty vaa hish acd veil vaa ccstaaicated,
the 75 5.?. r-=3 vsa then rolled asi ca 9' cr iag ^-g»--1-^ into theveil to a dapth cf 210' vtiich produced 90 5. p. a. vith a 20 h.p pu=p
sat at 1 0* . During Septcnber 19 3 tha 210' of 8" caaizg vaa reooved
acd veil test paipcd vith test jwnp sot at tha bottca cf the veil.
Tha veil produced 550 g-p-a-, tut this not a truo readies Because of
the overanmnt of air ard a giTlnplag ccmditicn la crfaco tuba. Tha teat puap
vas raised to ISO* frca curfaca, and preducad fc-50 g.p.n. vhieh indicated that
tha vater earn la tha veil at c higher larel and tha pizsp coluai vaa
restricting tha flcv to the pusy bcal asocs ly. Cn the Vth of January
ft 50 b.p* punp set at lOO' vas IfirtallrA ocd is producing 330 g.p.m.a 295' head, prnplTig level la 60' vith 50l drs.v iovn. The
static vater level is 30 ' .
Sheet #1 of 5
M. A. D. CCETRACT # Ay*36(6CO)-$*7 Well #£
DRAW DCWH TEST WEE 150 HP 'GAS ETCISS - 10 STAGS - 8.EC - POMCBA PUMP
SET U801 - 5" CD X 1 - COL. & SHAFT - OAL 4C8' - AIR LIES 483'
SEPTEMBER 21, 1953
RffiOaS
Start
Start
• .CheckFount f 1
MAD TestCells &Pa .Supplysteppedpggpirtg
TIMSKZS.
9:009:309:409:45lOiCO
10:0510:3510:4011:0511:3512:0512:351:051«352:052*353«053*354:054:35(5«055t35(6:05
CftpACirrKA2TE-MSTEHGPM
200470480 \5CO5CO550 :525515505500500495*95495485480470470 •
' - .470 -""470460460460
PUMPSB1Z7SLFSI FT
190165170167165
155155150146144141138135133130127122120
115115130130130
5411390100U31251251371431481561641721821882012C6
218218182iea182
PUMPSPEEDRPM
1CCO1900190019001900
2100205020502050205020502050£05020502050£050DSO2050
£05020502050£0502050
B?S5TFACES18181266
6666666666666
66666
VATSHCOWD1TIOH
55° P
Slightly muddy
CloudyClear•
ClearH
M
H
*
•
It
Cloudy•n
AR300200
Sbset 2 of 5
M. A. D. CliraACT # AF-36(600)-947' •
DCKB TEST * POET? #2 - SOT, £2, 1953 * 3313} 150 G? GAS
POCSA PCHP - 10 STAGS ' 8 33 - 4fiO( -4£xl Ca. & SHAFT - 488* QAL
483* AH* LEU
E33A3SS TIMSMET.
Start
Check#TS-wHi iSpeechsticfc
6:309:009:009:30lOiCO10:3011:0011:3012:00n. (12:30(1:00(1539(2:00
iLo9t2:30•GOV.1
GAFACznr KCTZSG isva.*A32B-Hma AT GAfi3 ACTCPU PSX* n.
5605505605605105W520520580530530530530510
140120113115no105ICO53.95•959594100
1206212213229£41252359335265&'267253
»W3?E3>EPS*
2HCO£40024002*0024002400&CO2400240024CO2400S40040023CO
S2T
99999999999999
DOTS: Ve thlB t the rater acter is incorrect 'because the capacitydoes sot vary eaouaj* ylth dro» torn* dererore sa orificenater vlll e i™**!**.} to
RR30020I
