Integrating Chinese Culture into Sesame Street
A Thesis
Submitted to the Faculty
of
Drexel University
by
Shengrui Wang
in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree
of
Master of Science
June 2011
ii
-‐ ii -‐iiiiii101101101-‐
© Copyright 2011
Shengrui Wang. All Rights Reserved.
iii
-‐ iii -‐iiiiiiiii101101101-‐
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I want to thank my advisor, Albert Tedesco, who has helped me all along from the very
beginning of the project. Step by step, the project goal has become clearer.
Many thanks to Richard, for all the effort and time you’ve spent helping with
proofreading. It’s you that made me think logically. I benefited a lot from discussing
with you.
Thank you, Kaiqin for making my Beibei the panda come alive. He’s so cute!
Last but not least, thank you Mom and Dad for giving me the opportunity to study
abroad. Without you, I wouldn’t have had all of these good experiences. I love you.
iv
-‐ iv -‐iviviv101101101-‐
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES………………………………………………………………......v
LIST OF FIGURES…………………………………………………………………vi
ABSTRACT……………………………………………………….………………. vii
1.OVERVIEW ………………………………………………………………1-12
2.PROBLEM STATEMENT………………………………………………13-16
3.CONTENT ANALYSIS OF CHINESE CULTURE IN SESAME STREET…17-18
4.PROJECT DESCRIPTION………………………………….………………....19-28
5.CHARACTER DESIGN……………………………………….……………....29-33
6.SCRIPTS…………………………………………….……..............…………..34-53
7.CONCLUSION………………………………………………………………...54-55
BIBLIOGRAPHY………………………………………………………..............56-58
APPENDIX A……………………………………….……………………….....59-62
APPENDIX B…………………………………………….……………………...63-64
APPENDIX C……………………………………………..…………………….. 65-93
v
-‐ v -‐vvv101101101-‐
List of Tables
1. 2010 FLAP Funded Foreign Language Programs in the U.S……………………….10
2. Summary of Chinese Content in Forty Years of Sesame Street…………………….18
3. Sesame Street Chinese curriculum………………………………………………….20
vi
-‐ vi -‐vivivi101101101-‐
List of Figures
1. Growth in Chinese Language Courses……………………………………………….8
2. Erhu………………………………………………………………………………….14
3. Waterlight…………………………………………………………………………...23
4. Beibei the Panda…………………………………………………………………….27
5. Grover……………………………………………………………………………….31
6. Oscar the Grouch……………………………………………………………………34
7. Slimey……………………………………………………………………………….35
8. The Great Wall (1)…………………………………..………………………………41
9. The Great Wall (2)…………………………………………………………………..42
vii
-‐ vii -‐viiviivii101101101-‐
10. ABSTRACT Integrating Chinese Culture into Sesame Street
Shengrui Wang Albert Tedesco. Supervisor, Ph.D.
This thesis demonstrates a way to integrate Chinese culture into the American television
program, Sesame Street. With increased exposure to the program elements and strategies
suggested herein, American children will draw creative ideas from Chinese culture. A
Sesame Street Chinese curriculum has been designed which uses selected cultural
aspects of Chinese culture as content to address the instructional goals of Sesame Street.
A new puppet called Beibei the Panda will act as a medium to teach American children
about Chinese culture in an entertaining and interesting manner.
From February to July 2010, I interned at the Global Production department of the
Sesame Workshop, the non-profit organization that produces Sesame Street. The
internship provided me with precious opportunities to test my thesis ideas with the
Sesame professionals.
viii
-‐ viii -‐viiiviiiviii101101101-‐
1
-‐ 1 -‐111101101101-‐
CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW
Sesame Street, that long street that circles the world, celebrated its 40th
anniversary in 2009 with its audience of 8 million viewers, on 350 stations in 120
countries (Davis, 2008).
Sesame Street was created in the late 1960s when, as Amber Smallwood (2008)
put it, “early education seemed to offer the possibility of solving great social
problems.”(p.1) The television program was, in part, a reaction to the chaos in the
United States during the Vietnam War, assassinations and general public unrest.
Additionally it was a response to what Newton Minow (1961), who was a former
Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission, called the “vast wasteland” of
programming offered by television stations at the time (p.4).
In 1964, the federal government “The War on Poverty” was initiated. It was
designed to enhance the standard living of the poor. The program was focused on, in
part, improving the quality of schools and preparing children for entry into the US
educational system. Joan Ganz Cooney, “a little-known public television producer,” as
Davis (2008) put it, whose original vision would later become Sesame Street, seized the
opportunity to use television as an educational tool to prepare children for school life
(p.109).
She discussed her idea with “educators, school practitioners, pediatricians,
television and film producers” in search of the skills to make it happen. Eventually, with
2
-‐ 2 -‐222101101101-‐
the help of the Carnegie Corporation, the Ford Foundation, and the U.S. Office of
Education, Cooney began planning out Sesame Street in 1968 (Fisch & Truglio 2001).
This educational television program that debuted on public broadcasting
television stations, began with the mission of helping children, especially
underprivileged children, prepare for school (Palmer & Fisch 2001). The program has
since been widely praised for its ability to promote school-readiness for children and for
stressing the importance of providing children with intellectual stimulation and culture
appreciation (Zill 2001). According to Sesame Workshop, about 8 million people in the
U.S. watch Sesame Street every week and Sesame Street is the children's program most
recognized by mothers of young children (Appendix B).
Shortly after its first airing in 1969 in the United States, the show attracted the
attention of producers from Brazil, Mexico and Canada who, expressed their interests in
using the format of Sesame Street for addressing the local educational needs of each
country (Cole, Richman, Brown; Children Television Workshop, 2001). Sesame Street
co-productions which use Sesame Street content for localized programming are all over
the world including: Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Egypt, France, Germany, Israel,
Mexico, Russia, South Africa, Spain, Australia, India, Indonesia, Japan, Jordan, Kosovo,
Netherlands, Northern Ireland and Palestine. The children of each country view a
program that “has the same essence as the series produced in the United States, in a
context that reflects local values and educational priorities” (Cole, Richman, Brown,
2001).
Take Sesame China, or ‘Zhima Jie’ as an example. Sesame Street first appeared
3
-‐ 3 -‐333101101101-‐
in China in 1983 with Big Bird in China, a one-hour special produced with CCTV
(Sesameworkshop.org). In 1998, Sesame Workshop launched a coproduction of Sesame
Street, called Zhima Jie, in China. (Natural Resource Management.com) Its production
team consulted with local experts in child development, education, and media. The most
important educational needs were identified. These include basic skills, such as literacy,
numeracy, and an appreciation for arts and they were focused on in the Chinese version
of Sesame Street (Sesame Workshop.org).
The educational curriculum for the first season of the U.S. Sesame Street set
goals in the areas of social, moral, and affective development; as well as language,
mathematics skills, reasoning, problem solving and perception skills (Fisch 2004).
However, in order to avoid a situation in which none of the areas is addressed in depth, a
curriculum focus has always been set for each season of production. One set of related
objectives is specifically emphasized each season to expand on a certain area of child
development.
In some seasons, new concepts are focused on instead. For example, as during
seasons 22-25 (1990-1994), race relations were the focus. In other seasons, existing
areas were reexamined: emergent literacy was the center of attention in seasons 26-28
(1994-1997) (Lesser, Schneider 2001).
Seasons 22-25 from 1990-1994 provided a concentrated effort to teach about
cultural diversity using a four-year curriculum that focused on race relations. Positive
interactions were modeled among five groups, African Americans, American Indians,
Latinos, Asian Americans, and White Americans (Sesame Street Internal Research
4
-‐ 4 -‐444101101101-‐
Archive, 2010).
In order to get some insight on how important cultural diversity is to the show, an
interview was conducted with Carol-Lynn Parente, the current Executive Producer of
Sesame Street. She said, “Culture diversity is very important to us. It has always been so,
from the very beginning.” She explained that it has always been one of Sesame Street’s
goals to weave culture diversity into the show. The diverse cultural backgrounds of the
human cast are good asset for this purpose. Parente further stated that it is useful “to
reflect the cultures in [the performers’] lives--to integrate something naturally part of the
people into their acting roles,” (Carol-Lynn Parente, Personal Communication, May 6,
2010).
Rosemarie Truglio, Vice President of Education and Research at Sesame
Workshop, elaborated further on Sesame Street’s role in cultural exposure:
“We try to show different cultures living together. The human cast on the Sesame
Street set provides an opportunity for us to explore their culture backgrounds. We have
an African American family, with Susan and Gordan; a Latino intact family, Maria and
Luis. And Mr. Hooper store was run by an older Jewish man; now it’s being operated
by a young Japanese American, Alan. The message has always been the same. We
want to celebrate the uniqueness of a person’s culture as well as highlight the
similarities,” (Rosemarie Truglio, Personal Communication, May 4, 2010).
A format called ‘Global Grover’ was begun in Season 34 (2003), to teach about
foreign cultures. As described by Truglio, the program, “provided the domestic show
[the opportunity] to take these films from international co-productions and bring them
5
-‐ 5 -‐555101101101-‐
here domestically.” She said that this allowed children in America to observe other
children who might not look similar to them, but were experiencing the similar things in
life.
Both Parente and Truglio believe that the cultural aspects which are visually
most appealing are often chosen to be included in the show. (Rosemarie Truglio,
Personal Communication, May 4, 2010; Carol-Lynn Parente, Personal Communication,
May 6, 2010) Specifically, Truglio stated that, “we always include dance, music, and
cultural holidays” because they were a kind of “visual representation” of the culture.
(Rosemarie Truglio, Personal Communication, May 4, 2010)
However, Parente warned that, “you want to show what’s special and unique
about the culture. And yet, some of the most interesting visuals can be touristy--where
you are kind of feeding into stereotypes,”(Carol-Lynn Parente, Personal Communication,
May 6, 2010; Rosemarie Truglio, Personal Communication, May 4, 2010). For instance,
the live action segment of some young Chinese acrobats doing amazing moves appeared
many times in different seasons of the show. (Table 2)
The Sesame Street curriculum proposed in this project will introduce Chinese
culture using non-clichéd elements. Additionally, it will attempt to go beyond
superficial archetypes so as to avoid, or at least bring nuance and depth to stereotypes.
The following content analysis of Sesame Street’s 40 years of programming,
focusing on foreign culture, included in the thesis project revealed that the programming
dedicated to Chinese culture on Sesame Street has been, till now, limited to the topics of
6
-‐ 6 -‐666101101101-‐
acrobatics, noodles, kites, and Chinese Spring Festival. The analysis was made through
reviewing 40 years of episode summaries provided by Muppet Wiki (muppet.wikia.com,
2009), which is “a collaborative project to create an encyclopedia for everything related
to Jim Henson and the Muppets”. (Squidoo.com,20) At the same time, a synthesis was
made to include only the episodes that include foreign culture-Appendix C.
The goal of multiculturalism on Sesame Street as well as the format of the show,
the magazine format, makes it difficult to focus on only one culture (Margot Duffy,
Producer Sesame Languages, Personal Communication, May 3, 2010). “At the same
time, it’s not easy to cover all cultures in depth. You only get a taste of everything.”
One other method Sesame Street uses to expand on cultural content, is through
outreach projects. For example, Shalom Sesame released in 1986, is the Israeli
adaptation of Sesame Street, aimed at teaching about Israel and Judaism to children in
America. Danny Labin, the Executive Director for Shalom Sesame said, “The project is
a platform for children, parents, and educators to explore their Jewish identity, culture
and traditions.” (Sesameworkshop.org) The show was a success among the Jewish
community, religious schools, and culture centers. However, according to Duffy (Margot
Duffy, Personal Communication, May 3, 2010), China has a broader influence in the U.S.
and there is much more pressure for children to learn Chinese. An article from the New
York Times recently reported about the Chinese language surge in Indonesia: “As
China’s economic power grows, the study of Mandarin is surging around the world,”
(Wong, 2010).
In the United States, “Thousands of public schools stopped teaching foreign
7
-‐ 7 -‐777101101101-‐
languages in the last decade, according to a government survey,” (Dillon, 2010). While
other foreign language classes are shrinking, Chinese seems to be the exception, as noted
in the New York Times. “Rough calculations based on the government’s survey suggest
that perhaps 1,600 American public and private schools are teaching Chinese, up from
300 or so a decade ago. And the numbers are growing exponentially,” (Dillon, 2010).
8
-‐ 8 -‐888101101101-‐
Figure 1: Growth in Chinese Language Courses (2010)
(Photo Courtesy to The New York Times, January 21, 2010)
9
-‐ 9 -‐999101101101-‐
According to an article from Asia Society, there has been a significant growth of
Chinese teaching programs in the United States since 2005. (Asia Society.org)
Government funding contributes greatly to such growth. Foreign Language
Assistance Program (FLAP), a program under the U.S. Department of Education,
provides grants to establish, improve, or expand innovative foreign language programs
for elementary and secondary school students.
The program makes a priority of funding to critical need languages identified as:
Arabic, Chinese, Korean, Japanese, Russian, and languages in the Indic, Iranian, and
Turkic language families. (Foreign Language Assistance Program: Applicant
Information).
According to the funding status reported by the U.S. Department of Education, in
fiscal year 2010, $15,718,185 was appropriated to FLAP. Through an analysis of the
2010 FLAP Grant Abstract, 15 Chinese programs got the funding, 12 Spanish, 6 Arabic,
2 French, 1 Latin, 1 Turkey, 1 Hindi.
10
-‐ 10 -‐101010101101101-‐
Table 1 2010 FLAP Funded Foreign Language Programs in the U.S.
Chinese California; Colorado; Kansas; Indiana;
Iowa; Michigan; New Jersey; New York;
Pennsylvania; Massachusetts
Spanish California; Colorado; Florida; Georgia;
North Carolina; Tennesse; Texas; Ohio
Arabic Arizona; Michigan; Tennesse;
Pennsylvania
French North Carolina; Ohio
Latin Tennesse
Turkey Ohio
Hindi Texas
11
-‐ 11 -‐111111101101101-‐
National Security Education Program (NSEP) is another major Federal initiative
designed to build a broader and more qualified pool of U.S. citizens with foreign
language and international skills. Two important projects of NSEP are Startalk and The
Language Flagship.
Startalk seeks to expand and improve the teaching and learning of strategically
important world languages that are not now widely taught in the U.S. such as Arabic and
Chinese. It provides assistance to curriculum planning and development of materials.
(Teaching Heritage Languages) A popular Startalk-sponsored program is the Chinese
Monster Magic which features puppets to make Chinese fun and enjoyable. It is a brand
new teaching curriculum for Pre-School and Grades K-2. (Chinese Monster Magic.com)
“The Language Flagship community is made up of 23 Flagship centers and
programs at institutions of higher education. Programs are led by nationally-recognized
leaders and innovators in language education.” (The Language Flagship.org)
10 universities across the country have Chinese teaching programs for undergraduates.
For example, the ASU Chinese Language Flagship Program in the Arizona State
University.
Aside from governmental initiatives, non-governmental organizations, such as Asia
Society have played “important roles in the expanding of the Chinese field.” The
organization along with Hanban, the Chinese government agency spearheading the
establishment of Chinese language programs overseas, will set up a network of 100
12
-‐ 12 -‐121212101101101-‐
exemplary Chinese languages programs as model sites for effective teaching and
learning of Chinese in the United States within 3 years. 20 pioneer schools and districts
are in place. (Asia Society, 2010)
Sesame Street Chinese (or the Ohio Mandarin Project) is a pilot program that began
by Sesame Workshop in 2008 to introduce Mandarin and Chinese culture to young
children in Ohio. The project attempts to expose the audiences to the contrast between
Chinese and American cultures. The success of the program is closely related to the
unique assets of Sesame Workshop: Sesame Street Characters, culturally specific
materials in their native languages, broad curricular goals from socio-emotional to
cognitive learning and global networks with local experts, children and caregivers.
(Internal Reference)
13
-‐ 13 -‐131313101101101-‐
CHAPTER 2: PROBLEM STATEMENT
The core idea of this project is to make Chinese cultural elements more familiar
to children in America. With increased multicultural exposure, children will draw ideas
from divergent sources.
Consider the following common examples from the daily lives of children in the
States:
One afternoon, four little girls gather and listen attentively to an old Chinese man
playing the Erhu on a subway platform. They are enchanted by the beautiful sounds
emanating from the strange and exotic device.
14
-‐ 14 -‐141414101101101-‐
Figure 2: Erhu, a traditional Chinese instrument
(Photo courtesy of Wikipedia)
15
-‐ 15 -‐151515101101101-‐
On another sunny day, after a long walk along the Hudson River, a young boy
and his parents find themselves in Chinatown. They sit in a Chinese restaurant and are
advised by the Chinese waiters on special dishes. They look through the menus full of
foreign names and afterwards compare the messages they get from their fortune cookies.
In these examples one can see how children in America hear the words ‘China’
and ‘Chinese’ constantly in their daily lives. And also, according to the data from US
Census Bureau, in 2004 Chinese was the second biggest language, after Spanish, spoken
by school children 5 to 17 years old, out of the 229 languages spoken within the U.S.
(Census.gov, 2010).
This project focused on specific ways in which Sesame Street producers can
include Chinese culture in Sesame Street programming in the United States. The easiest
elements to include are things that children see, hear, taste, smell and touch in daily life--
things such as fortune cookies, the Chinese zodiac, Chinese food, chopsticks, Chinese
instruments, etc.--and to weave them into the educational curriculum of Sesame Street.
The project aimed to design a way of making Chinese culture elements better
understood by American children. It was thought that increased multicultural exposure
would equip American children with new sources from which to draw creative ideas
about Chinese culture. In this way each child can say, “I know this is from China,
Mexico, or Finland, but this is as much a part of my life as apple pie. It’s mine too.”
Young viewers’ lives will be enriched as they have more options and ideas to
play with. The foregoing assumption is well supported by recent research which asserts
16
-‐ 16 -‐161616101101101-‐
that “multicultural experiences can provide a valuable cognitive resource for creative
thinking” (Leung and Chiu, p.14, 2010).
The research by Leung and Chiu studied the effects of American and Chinese
culture exposure on European Americans. The findings show “significant immediate and
delayed creative benefits” (p.14) as a direct result of such introduction to unfamiliar
cultures. These conclusions suggested that multicultural experiences had “engaged [the
participants] in some creativity-supporting cognitive skills, such as a spontaneous
tendency to sample ideas from divergent sources and to attempt creative integration of
seemingly unconnected ideas” (Leung and Chiu, p.14, 2010)
17
-‐ 17 -‐171717101101101-‐
CHAPTER 3: CONTENT ANALYSIS OF CHINESE CULTURAL ELEMENTS
IN SESAME STREET
This evaluation analyzes the content of Sesame Street, focusing on foreign-
culture related programming. It is aimed at finding out how much exposure Chinese
culture had and how it was presented to the American audience in previous episodes.
Appendix C, made through collecting data from the Muppet Wiki, is a summary
of culture-related programming for the last 40 seasons of Sesame Street. And the table
below is a summary of episodes with Chinese culture content only. From the table, it can
be seen that Chinese culture did not have a significant presence on Sesame Street and
what little content is shown seems to be restricted to a small number of topics. Only
eight of the fourty seasons contained programming with information about China.
18
-‐ 18 -‐181818101101101-‐
Table 2 Summary of Chinese Content in Forty Years of Sesame Street (Muppit Wiki.com)
Season 5 Muppets Kermit News (Chinese food mentioned)
Season 8 Film Chinese noodles Season 22 Film Kite Season 25 Film Chinese
calligraphy Season 25 Animation Chinese patterns Season 27 Film Chinese New
Year Season 31 Film Acrobatics Season 32 Animation Letter to China Season 36 Miscellaneous
segments Chinese food
Episodes
Season 36 Muppets Global Grover
returns from
China.
19
-‐ 19 -‐191919101101101-‐
CHAPTER 4: PROJECT DESCRIPTION
In this section, examples are given to demonstrate the feasibility of the project.
Chinese culture will be used along with American culture for Sesame Street
programming to create multi-cultural experiences with the goal of provoking creativity
and openness towards foreign-culture concepts. The Chinese-focused curriculum in this
thesis project references the “Sesame Street Instructional Goals” as stated in the Sesame
Street Research Archive. (Internal Reference)
The proposed curriculum will use selected cultural aspects of Chinese culture as
content to address the instructional goals of Sesame Street as shown in Table 3:
20
-‐ 20 -‐202020101101101-‐
Table 3
Sesame Street Chinese Curriculum
Sesame Street Instructional Goals
Chinese Cultural
Aspects
Child and World:
Self
Social Units
Human Diversity:
Differing Perspectives
Cultural Diversity
Special Needs
Symbolic Representation:
Pre-Reading & Writing
Numbers
Geometric Forms
Home life
Cultural Celebration
Language
Food
Music
Dance
Art and Crafts
Architecture
21
-‐ 21 -‐212121101101101-‐
Cognitive Organization:
Perceptual Discrimination And
Orientation
Relational Concepts
Classifying
Example 1: Symbolic Representation-Food
The popular Chinese food, tofu could be used to demonstrate shapes. Tofu is
originally from China, however, it has come to be popular throughout the United States.
The process of making tofu goes from a circle (the original product—yellow beans) to a
square (the final product—tofu cubes) in a typical dish. Moreover, the texture of tofu
tends to be very soft. Therefore, it can also be used to demonstrate hard and soft by
contrast to, say, a rock. It has now been related to different shapes and textures, while
the origins of this once strange type of food have been demonstrated.
Example 2: Relational Concepts-Art
As another example, traditional Chinese landscape painting could give children a
good sense of positions. The paintings are typically composed of elements such as
forests, streams and mountains (ChineseArt.com, 2010). Through the process of painting
itself it is easy to show young viewers spatial concepts, e.g., near/far, in front/behind,
22
-‐ 22 -‐222222101101101-‐
top/bottom, low/high, around, etc.
Example 3: Child and World-Art & Crafts
Folk arts, such as Chinese paper-cutting, could be used as an interesting
demonstration of the Chinese zodiac animals1, from the Rat to the Pig. A Sesame Street
Character could introduce the Chinese zodiac by telling his/her friends what year he/she
was born and what animal represents that year. Paper-cutting animation with a voice-
over narration from the character could follow as a visually enticing, and educational
explanation. It would show all the animals along with the interesting and identifiable
characteristics of each.
Additionally, the twelve animals which represent the Zodiac, could be related in
their respective order to numbers by use of the traditional story of their institution
(perhaps performed by a number of Muppets). After this, the Zodiac on the Chinese
restaurant menu wouldn’t be so strange anymore. Children could feel connected to it
since a Muppet they know on Sesame Street was born in the year of Ox.
Example 4: Symbolic Representation-Home Life
In some water towns in China, people fold little colorful paper boats in which
candles are laid. Different colors have distinct connotations, for example, red for health,
purple for fortune, etc. (Travelogue-XiTang, 2007) People put them into the river at
night to make wishes and watch them float past the various homes on shore. These
1 Rat, Ox, Tiger, Rabbit, Dragon, Snake, Horse, Goat, Monkey, Rooster, Dog, Pig
23
-‐ 23 -‐232323101101101-‐
colorful water-lights that drift along, carrying wishes down the river, can be used to
teach colors and numbers.
24
-‐ 24 -‐242424101101101-‐
Figure 3: Water light
(Photo courtesy of Xitang.com)
25
-‐ 25 -‐252525101101101-‐
Example 5: Visual Discrimination –Language
Some Chinese characters look like what they refer to. That is, they derive from
pictures. Consider the following:
口-Mouth
山-Mountain
飞-Fly (Flying humming bird)
哭-Cry(Crying person with a tear)
火-Fire
中-middle, center
伞-umbrella
These are examples of Chinese pictograms, a part of Chinese written language.
Pictograms convey meaning through their pictorial resemblance to a physical object.
(Pictogram, Wikipedia, 2010) This manner of communication allows for a different,
interesting perspective by using pictures to describe thoughts and concepts. It shortens
the distance between Chinese language and the audience by introducing pictures as a
medium which children can easily understand. Either animation or live action film could
be used to present these characters.
The main intent of all these examples is to embed foreign culture concepts into
the educational content of Sesame Street.
26
My Internship at Sesame Workshop:
Sesame Street has always been a concentration of the efforts of content
experts, television producers, and educational researchers who have collaborated
throughout the life of the project.
As an intern at the Sesame Workshop’s Global Production department, I
was able to participate in the production process from pre-production to post-
production, which allowed me to directly observe and gain practical production
skills. For instance, I helped brainstorm for titles, worked on script development
and proof all updates.
The scripts included in this thesis project were developed by me based on
these observations at Sesame Street. The experience of doing live studio production
has familiarized me with the Sesame Street set. I’ve personally been to Hooper
store, Oscar’s trash can, Big Bird’s nest, etc. Moreover, one week of training at the
Henson Workshop gave me some basic knowledge of how puppets are made,
prepared and maintained. All these observations and practices have greatly
advanced the development of this thesis.
Through a curriculum, scripts and a new puppet character, this project will
endeavor to address the close relationship between Chinese and American societies
with the goal of fostering friendly attitudes towards Chinese and other foreign
cultures. Stephanie Bell-Rosethe, president of The Goldman Sachs Foundation once
said: "If young Americans are to take on challenging global leadership roles, they
27
must possess a deep understanding of and appreciation for other cultures,
economies, history and languages," (Earlyadvantage.com 2010). This thesis will
attempt to address exactly such a need, for the benefit and education of American
children.
In order to achieve this, a Muppet (or marionette puppet), which resembles a
panda will join the cast of Sesame Street. His name is Beibei.
28
Introduction to a New Character:
My design and conception of Beibei as a character
Figure 4: Beibei the Panda
(Copyright by Kaiqin Zhang)
29
CHAPTER 5: CHARACTER DESIGN Why a panda?
Pandas are a well-known feature of China, are cute and an animal loved by
children. Pandas are also strongly associated with China, which is the only country that
has them. (ChinaUnique.com, 2010)
Character background
Beibei the panda was born in China. Later, when he was still young, he came
to the National Zoological Park in Washington D.C., an institution to which children can
feel some attachment to. He has decided to move to Sesame Street in order to make new
friends with the cool characters that he has been hearing so many good things about, and
watching on television.
He has been considering the pros and cons of moving for a long time because
of his over cautiousness. On one hand, he wants to stay with his friends in the zoo,
living a laid-back life. On the other hand, he is tempted to get out of the zoo to meet
new friends and see more of the wide world. After some deliberation, he decided that
he'd rather give up his secure life for freedom and fun on the outside.
Characteristics
The most dominant trait of Beibei the Panda is that he tends to consider the
pros and cons of everything. Thus, he is always very calm when dealing with problems
30
but takes a long time to reach any conclusion. However his carefully laid-out plans don’t
work all the time. Things get out of his control, and then he has to learn from mistakes.
“That his character hems and haws over decisions is a very visual way of
teaching critical thinking. That’s really a wonderful way to get that curriculum across,”
said Parente. According to Parente, “critical thinking is the toughest curriculum we
have.” She added that “if we have a character like this, it will get a little easier” (Carol-
Lynn Parente, Personal Communication, May 6, 2010).
This characteristic of Beibei has a lot of correlation with the Yin and Yang, a
dominant concept of Chinese philosophy which maintains that nothing is absolutely
good or bad, but a mixture of both. Because he always thinks about the pros and cons of
everything, Beibei will be fit for teaching antonyms, for instance, safe and dangerous,
fail and succeed, boring and interesting.
Since he is from China, Beibei is bi-lingual, speaking both Chinese and
English. He is, however, in the process of learning more English vocabulary. He has an
intense curiosity about everything new. However, with his nature being over cautious,
he always finds conflict within himself. “To do or not to do” is always a question for
him.
Beibei’s friend, Grover
Grover and Beibei the panda can become very good buddies because their
characteristics can help each other. “Grover is a lovable, furry, wide-eyed blue monster
who sees the world from a four-year-old’s point of view. Excitable and compulsive, he
31
is always willing to help, but he rushes into things without thinking of the consequences.
He has limited experience and few analytical skills, so he usually ends up doing things
the long way around.” (Sesame Workshop Muppet Guide)
32
Figure 5: Grover
(Photo courtesy of Sesame Workshop)
33
Grover is excitable and compulsive, while Beibei is calm and over cautious.
When the two get together, they’ll make a good team in terms of going on adventures
with good and logical planning.
Moreover, with the Global Grover series, in which “the blue monster travels all
over the world to explore the traditions of peoples from many diverse cultures.” (Muppet
Wikia.com) He has been to China as well. Therefore, the two of them have a lot in
common and similar experiences to share. The two of them can teach kids about Chinese
culture together. Grover is able to give passionate speeches about what he has seen in
China and Beibei can add in his logical perspective to expand the children’s knowledge
of China.
Beibei’s appearance
Beibei’s look was designed by Kaiqin Zhang2, a graduate student of
Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Art (PAFA).
2 http://zhangkaiqin.com/
34
CHAPTER 6: SCRIPTS
TITLE 1: “THE GREAT WALL OF CHINA”
EDUCATIONAL GOALS:
Instructional Goals Cultural Aspects
Cultural Diversity Language
Perceptual
Discrimination
Architecture
SCRIPT OBJECTIVE
After viewing, young audiences will be familiar with the Great Wall of China
and know some simple facts, such as that it is very old, very long, and it was used as
a defense system.
Young audiences will enjoy using the name, ‘the Great Wall’ in their play,
like the example given in the script, ‘the Great Wall of Oscar.’
Young audiences will acquire the notion that things as magnificent as the
Great Wall take a long time and a lot of effort to build.
Young audiences will become more considerate about how they treat friends
from foreign cultures.
35
Figure 6: Oscar the Grouch
(Photo courtesy of Sesame Workshop)
OSCAR The resident grouch on Sesame Street. He loves collecting junk and
trash, standing in line, arguing, rainy days, anchovy milkshakes, etc. and hates
anything nice and sweet. Oscar lives in a trash can that houses several elephants, a
swimming pool, music room, and just about everything else. (Sesame Workshop
Muppet Guide)
36
Figure 7: Slimey (Photo courtesy of Sesame Workshop)
Slimey Oscar’s friendly pet worm. Slimey is so small that everyday objects
become obstacles for him. The puppet has limited mobility; usually appears on the
crate next to Oscar. Slimey doesn’t speak. (Sesame Workshop Muppet Guide)
37
LOGLINE:
Beibei the panda is homesick. He misses his own country, China, so much that he
decides to build the Great Wall out of building blocks by himself. Beibei happens to
build the Wall outside Oscar the Grouch’s trash can. It turns out Oscar likes Beibei
because the Wall forms a fence that can block everybody else on Sesame Street
from entering his territory.
SCENIC: OSCAR’S TRASH CAN TALENT: BEIBEI THE PANDA, OSCAR THE GROUCH, GROVER PROPS: BUILDING BLOCKS WE FIND BEIBEI WALKING INTO SESAME STREET FOR THE FIRST TIME TO SEE OSCAR THROWING BLOCKS OUT OF HIS TRASH CAN. HE’S SURPRISED TO SEE SOMETHING IN TRASH. OSCAR (GRUMBLING): These just aren't my style,--they're too well made! BEIBEI (TO HIMSELF): What is that?! Shall I go talk to him? Seems like a wild animal... Is it safe or dangerous? Should I go and talk to him? Or run away? Oh dear, what should I do? Well, I guess it doesn't hurt to try... BEIBEI STRETCHING OUT HIS ARM TO SHAKE OSCAR’S HAND BEIBEI: Ni Hao! ... Hello? (HELLO IN CHINESE) OSCAR(FROWNING): Whoa…Whoa…What are you doing? Don’t you know that grouches don’t like to be touched? BEIBEI: Oh, sorry. I don't know what a Grouch is... I’m from China.
38
OSCAR: China! I’ve been to China when Big Bird visited there. It’s not an interesting country at all. BEIBEI: That’s not true! China is a wonderful country with lots of interesting things to see. I miss my beautiful home so much! OSCAR: Calm down…listen buddy, I like China a lot because it is not interesting! Now, if you excuse me, I’ll go back to my nap now. You can stick around if you are still homesick. Being sad is good. BEIBEI: Wait, I can show you what a nice country China is… OSCAR GETS BACK INTO THE TRASH CAN BEFORE BEIBEI GET TO FINISH TALKING BEIBEI: (TALKING TO HIMSELF) I’ll prove to Oscar that China is interesting. HE SEES THE PILE OF BLOCKS AROUND THE CORNER, SO HE DECIDES TO BUILD THE GREAT WALL OF CHINA BY HIMSELF. WHILE BEIBEI IS BUILDING THE WALL PIECE BY PIECE, GROVER COMES BY, AMAZED BY WHAT HIS GOOD BUDDY IS DOING GROVER: Hey BEIBEI! What are you doing with these building blocks? BEIBEI: Oh, hiya! I’m building the Great Wall of China. GROVER: What wall? BEIBEI: The Great Wall of China. It’s a very long wall built of earth and stone. It’s more than 2,000 years old. That’s much older than most of our great grandpas and grandmas. GROVER: Wow, that’s pretty old. What was it used for then? BEIBEI: It was built by Chinese people to protect them from harm. GROVER: I see. But why are you building the Great Wall in front of Oscar’s trash can? He will not be happy to see this grand thing. BEIBEI: Oscar thinks China is not an interesting country. I need to show him that it
39
is, by making the Great Wall on my own. But I’m running out of blocks… GROVER: Don’t worry, buddy! Grover is always ready to help. I’ll go get you more blocks. So how many do you need? BEIBEI: The more the merrier. The Great Wall of China took miles and miles of stones to build. GROVER: Alright, I’ll go get some for you. (SWOOSH) OSCAR POPS OUT TO CHECK WHAT’S GOING ON OUTSIDE OF HIS TRASH CAN OSCAR: (ANNOYED) What is this again? BEIBEI: I’m making the Great Wall of China to show you how interesting China is. OSCAR: It doesn’t look like a wall to me. And it certainly is not great looking either. BEIBEI: I’m only at the beginning of my project. It took ancient Chinese people many years to build it. I’m making a small version of the Great Wall just to give you an idea of how great the Great Wall is. OSCAR: Oh, boy, I don’t understand why you’re trying this hard to ruin the boring memory of China that I have. OSCAR COVERS THE LID ONCE AGAIN AND GROVER COMES BACK DRAGGING A CART FULL OF BUILDING BLOCKS GROVER: Beibei, Beibei, there you go! I collected all the building blocks I could find on Sesame Street for you. I hope these will be enough for your Great Wall. BEIBEI: Thank you so much Grover!!! You are so helpful. Now, would you like to make the Great Wall with me? It’s such a big project. There were thousands of Chinese people building it. I need your help to make it happen. GROVER: (EXCITED) Of course! It looks so much fun! Grover loves to help! There is nothing more interesting than building the Great Wall! I’m so happy to be part of this honorable mission… But, eh…Beibei, I’ve never seen the Great Wall of China. I certainly don’t know what it looks like. How do I build it then?
40
BEIBEI: Oh, let’s see what it looks like first; that will help us make it more real! GROVER: Smart thinking Beibei!! BEIBEI: My friend Panpan in China lives in Beijing, which is the capital of China. He often goes to climb the Great Wall with his grandfather for exercise. WIPE TO: WE SEE A LITTLE BOY WALKING ON THE GREAT WALL OF CHINA WITH HIS GRANDPA. THE BOY TAKES SMALL BUT FAST STEPS IN FRONT OF HIS GRANDPA, WHO FOLLOWS RIGHT BEHIND WITH A SMILE ON HIS FACE. OFTENTIMES THEY COME AT DIFFERENT TIMES OF THE DAY, SUNRISE, NOON AND SUNSET. THE GREAT WALL ALWAYS LOOKS DIFFERENT, SEEN FROM VARIOUS ANGLES, SPOTS, AND TIMES. THE BOY RUNS BACK TO FIND GRANDPA WHO IS HUNCHING HIS BACK LOOKING CAREFULLY AT THE STAIRS, CONTEMPLATING. THE BOY RUNS BACK TO GRANDPA AND ASKS WHAT HE IS THINKING ABOUT. GRANDPA TELLS HIM HOW THOUSANDS OF HANDS OF THE CHINESE PEOPLE USING BRICKS, STONES, EARTH ETC. THE BOY AND GRANDPA COME TO THREE IMPORTANT AND BASIC COMPONENTS OF THE GREAT WALL, WHICH ARE PASSES, TOWERS, AND WALLS. GRANDPA TEACHES THE BOY THE DIFFERENT FUNCTIONS OF EACH. WIPE TO:
41
GROVER: Wow, the Great Wall is so magnificent. I’ve never seen such a long wall built among mountains. I can’t see the ends of it.
BEIBEI: Yeah! It all comes from the hard work and determination of the ancient Chinese people. So grandpa told us there are three important components of the Great Wall. Do you remember what are they?
GROVER: Let me see… Pass, wall, and…I can’t remember the third one.
BEIBEI: Towers! They used beacons on top of them to attract attention and send messages.
GROVER: Good! Now let’s start our project!!
BEIBEI: Alright! But we need to work together like a team. GROVER: Sounds like a plan! BEIBEI: Let’s start from the beacon tower. How about that? GROVER: Yeah! Yeah! But… how? BEIBEI: Haha… If you look closely, you’ll see the most important feature of the beacon tower is that it’s located somewhere high, like on the tops of mountains. Because the soldiers needed to send messages out by fire or smoke, they had to stand on top of the roof so that people can see the signals clearly. GROVER: That makes perfect sense! BEIBEI: You see, to make a beacon tower, we need two parts, the foundation and the roof. GROVER: Oh, the tower seems like a box with an E-shaped roof. BEIBIE: Really?
42
Figure 8: The Great Wall
(Photo courtesy of Richard Kroon, my friend, who has been to the Great Wall in China 2008)
GROVER: Look, the foundation is a big box at the bottom and the roof is made by the letter E lying down. BEIBEI: That’s right!! You are so smart Grover! GROVER: Hahaha, thank you! BEIBEI: Actually, you just used a very good method to understand things that are new and unknown to us. GROVER: Really? What’s that? BEIBEI: Using what you already know to make new things understandable! GROVER: I can do the same with the pass too! BEIBEI: Try it, try it!!
43
Figure 9: The Great Wall
(Photo courtesy of TravelChinaGuide.com) GROVER: Hmm, the pass has a big gate and two layers of birthday cakes on top! BEIBEI: Ha Ha, that’s great! Our project’s easy now, thanks to smart Grover! GROVER: Oh, Yeah!!! WIPE TO: WE SEE IT’S SUNSET TIME. BEIBEI AND GROVER ARE STILL WORKING ON THE GREAT WALL PROJECT. GROVER PUTS DOWN THE LAST BUILDING BLOCK PIECE. THE THREE PARTS, BEACON TOWER, PASS AND WALL ARE MADE READY. NOW THEY NEED TO PUT THEM TOGETHER. THEY SET THE BEACON TOWER HIGHER THAN THE REST OF THE GREAT WALL. BEIBEI: Wow, we did a fantastic job!! High five! GROVER: (TIRED, BREATHING QUICKLY, WIPING SWEAT FROM FOREHEAD) Oh boy, it’s definitely a lot of work!! I respect myself as a hard-working Great Wall builder…You too, Beibei!
44
OSCAR COMES OUT OF HIS TRASH CAN OSCAR: That’s it!! You guys have been around my trash can for the whole day! I can’t bear it anymore! BEIBEI: Look, Oscar! OSCAR: What is this long wall in front of my trash can for? GROVER: It’s the Little Great Wall of China we built! Isn’t that amazing? We spent a long time and all our effort to make this. (STILL TRYING TO CATCH HIS BREATH) OSCAR IS STILL CAREFULLY EXAMINING THE GREAT WALL BEIBEI: So, what do you think? Do you think the Great Wall is interesting? OSCAR(THINKING FOR A SECOND): Come here, Slimey! GROVER AND BEIBEI LOOK CONFUSED WONDERING WHY OSCAR CALLS SLIMEY OUT. OSCAR: Come on buddy, you’re honored as the solider for my Great Wall of Oscar. GROVER: What! The Great Wall of Oscar? Why is that? OSCAR: You see, this is such a good defense system for my trash can! From now on, no one will be able to invade my territory without my permission. And I assign Slimey as my loyal solider to stand here to alarm me of anything usual. SLIMEY MOVES SLOWLY TO THE BEACON TOWER GRACEFULLY OSCAR: (POINTING AT THE BEACON TOWER) What is this?
45
BEIBEI: It’s the beacon tower. Ancient Chinese soldiers stand here to send messages out if there is anything strange happened. OSCAR: (TALKING TO SLIMEY) Good boy! You know just where to be! (TALKING TO BEIBEI) Thank you for building the Great Wall of Oscar! BEIBEI: So, you change your idea about China now? OSCAR: Oh, yeah! For sure! I like this wall so much! Now there will be less people, monsters, animals that can bother me. Now, if you can leave, I’ll be able to test if the Great Wall of Oscar works well as it looks. BEIBEI AND GROVER LOOK AT EACH OTHER, SHRUGGING SHOULDERS BEIBEI AND GROVER: Oh, boy… BEIBEI: At least, Oscar likes it…haha… Hey Grover, I don’t feel homesick and sad anymore. I feel so happy after building the Great Wall of China with you. GROVER: I’m glad to hear that, pal! And next time, when you are homesick, come find me, we can play together, ok? BEIBEI: I will! Thank you buddy! The End
46
TITLE 2: “CHINESE LANDSCAPE PAINTING”
Educational Goals:
Instructional Goals Cultural Aspects
Relational Concepts Art
Critical Thinking Calligraphy
Script Objective
Children will get an idea about some of the common elements of traditional Chinese landscape painting. Through the project, children get to practice prepositional vocabulary, (such as
top, bottom, left, right, above, below etc) through designing a painting.
SCENIC: 123 SUBWAY ENTRANCE
TALENT: BEIBEI THE PANDA, BIG BIRD, A STREET ARTIST PROPS: PAPER SCROLL
LOGLINE: A STREET ARTIST SETS UP A BOOTH FOR NAME DECORATION IN CHINATOWN. BEIBEI THE PANDA AND BIG BIRD PASSES BY. BIG BIRD WANTS A CUSTOMIZED NAME SCROLL TO PUT UP ON HIS WALL. THE ARTIST IS SINGING MERRILY WHILE ORGANIZING SOME CLIP ART ON THE TABLE, EACH WITH A DIFFERENT ELEMENT OF CHINESE TRADITIONAL LANDSCAPE PAINTING, SUCH AS MOUNTAINS, WATERFALLS, RIVERS, CANOES, HOUSES, BRIDGES, BAMBOOS, BIRDSS, AND RED LANTERNS.
THE ARTIST: (Taking a deep breath) What a beautiful Day! Hope there
47
will be some more business with such good weather!
BIG BIRD AND BEIBEI THE PANDA WALK ALONG THE STREET
BIG BIRD: Hang on Beibei! Look!
BEIBEI: (Taking a U-turn) What?
BIG BIRD: (Stopping by the art booth) Wow, this is cool!
BEIBEI: (Saying hi to the artist in Chinese) Ni hao!
THE ARTIST: (While working on a piece of art) Ni hao! How are you doing, guys?
BIG BIRD: Good, thank you sir! Beibei, I want one; I can put it up on my wall. BEIBEI: Very good idea!
BIG BIRD: May I have one name scroll please? THE ARTIST: Of course! You get to pick whatever you want on your name scroll, and you can arrange them according to you own taste! BIG BIRD: This sounds so interesting!
BEIBEI: Yeah!
THE ARTIST: All right then! Let’s get started…Here are the options: mountain, river, waterfall, bridge, house, bamboo, bird, canoe, red lantern. Pick anything you like, I can put them on the scroll to decorate your name. BIG BIRD: Wow, amazing!! But, er…Beibei, I need your help. I don’t know what to pick. There are so many of them. BEIBEI: Sure, I’d love to help! Let’s see…hmm, first, think about what you like. BIG BIRD: Well, I love mountains…
48
BEIBEI: Good choice! Traditional Chinese landscape paintings have lots of mountains since they are so huge and great looking. BIG BIRD: Oh, good! I like rivers too; they always run happily, non-stop, full of life. BEIBEI: River and mountain are nice combination. They go together pretty well. What else do you want? BIG BIRD: I would like to have a house… BEIBEI: Interesting! BIG BIRD: I have a good idea! BEIBEI: What’s that? BIG BIRD: On the river, I want to have a bridge; and some red lanterns on the roof of my house! THE ARTIST: (Jumping up on his feet, excited) Wow, such good imagination! Keep going! BIG BIRD: Some waterfalls will be great to have, I just enjoy watching them falling from up high all the way down to the bottom, so powerful… BEIBEI: Big bird, they are good to have, but your name scroll will be quite full with all these. BIG BIRD: Will that be a problem? I really love them all. THE ARTIST: Not if we arrange them properly. BEIBEI: But how? THE ARTIST: Well, that’s usually my secret. But you boys are full of curiosity; I’ll show you how I do it. Keep it within the three of us, will you? BIG BIRD AND BEIBEI: Yay!
49
THE ARTIST: Now that we have so many things we want to have on the name scroll, to make it not crowded, it’s helpful to think about where you want to put each one of them on the limited space. BEIBEI: Oh, I see, it’s like arranging the stuff I have in my room so that it isn’t too crowded. Oh, I know!! We can put the mountain on the left top of the scroll and the river at the bottom. THE ARTIST: Smart! That’s exactly what I meant!
BIG BIRD: Oh, how about the house by the river and the bridge running across the river?
THE ARTIST: Very good! It will be a wonderful name scroll! BIG BIRD: Now, we have everything settled, don’t we? THE ARTIST: Not yet… You forget the most important thing! BEIBEI: Haha, I know, Big Bird’s name! BIG BIRD: Right! Haha, where do I put my name then?
BEIBEI: How about on top of the river, below the mountain? BIG BIRD: Oh, I love the idea! THE ARTIST: Alright then! We have a plan now! THE ARTIST STARTS ASSEMBLING ALL THE ELEMENTS BIG BIRD WANTS IN HIS NAME SCROLL THE ARTIST: Oh, can you boys do me a favor?
BIG BIRD AND BEIBEI: Of course!
THE ARTIST: Can you count how many letters there are for Big Bird?
BEIBEI: Don’t worry. We can figure it out for you! Big Bird starts with the word “big”, which spells like, “B” -“I”- “G”; so 1, 2, 3, three letters in
50
total.
BIG BIRD: “Bird” is spelled as “B”-“I”-“R” “D”; 1,2,3,4, four letters. So three letters add four, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. Seven!
THE ARTIST:You boys are so intelligent, good at art design and counting numbers as well!
ALL LAUGH
THE ARTIST FINISHES THE NAME DECORATION AND SHOWS IT TO THEM BIG BIRD: Wow, this is amazing! I love it so much! This is exactly like what we planned: the mountains are at the left top, the river is at the bottom running from left to right. A little bridge stands across the river. BEIBEI: And a waterfall drop from the top of the mountains all the way down into the river. Your house is by the river. And there are 1,2,3,4, four big red lanterns hanging on each corner of the roof.
BIG BIRD: And my name is right above the river;And it’s yellow-the color of my feathers! This is fantastic!
THE ARTIST FROWNS
BEIBEI: What’s the matter? THE ARTIST: My years of experience are telling me something is missing.
BIG BIRD: Really? What’s that?
THE ARTIST: Oh, I got it! There’s no story told here in this painting.
BIG BIRD: I thought it was a name scroll. Why does it have to be a story?
THE ARTIST: Well, it will be much more interesting if there is a story in the
51
painting rather than a name only. That’s the second secret of my art.
BEIBEI: But there won’t be enough space for more things to make a story. BIG BIRD: I think so too…
THE ARTIST: Doesn’t hurt to try, does it? Let me think… MUSIC
THE ARTIST STARTS SINGING
I’M AN ARTIST IN CHINATOWN
I WANT TO SET MY IDEAS DOWN
IF YOU ASK ME WHAT I’LL DO
LOOK UP,
LOOK DOWN
I’LL DRAW BEIBEI ANDYOU
TO TELL YOUR STORY IS MY AIM
THIS ART IS MY CLAIM TO FAME
SO BIG BIRD, LOOK WHAT WE’VE GOT
WE’VE GOT MOUNTAINS AT THE TOP
RIVERS RUNNING BY
A BRIDGE GOING OVER
A HOUSE STANDS ON THE SIDE
WATERFALLS FALLING DOWN
RED LANTERNS UP ABOVE THE GROUND
52
BIG BIRD ACROSS THE SKY
NOW FOR THE FINAL TOUCH
WE’RE ALMOST THERE, DON’T NEED MUCH
EVERYONE LOOK AND SEE
WHAT DO WE NEED
WHAT COULD IT BE
WHAT’S MISSING
TO MAKE A STORY OUT OF THE PAINTING
WHAT’S MISSING
TO TELL A STORY ON THE SCROLL
OH, I KNOW (SINGING STOPS, ARTIST STARTS MUMBLING)
Oh, I know! Oh, I know!
BEIBEI: What is it, sir?
BIG BIRD: Tell us…
THE ARTIST PICKS UP THE INK BRUSH
AND PAINTS BEIBEI THE PANDA ON THE
SCROLL BY THE HOUSE,
SOME DUCKS IN THE RIVER,
SOME PEOPLE WALKING ACROSS THE BRIDGE,
A CANOE DRIFTING ALONG THE RIVER
THE ARTIST: Now, we have a story here.
53
Doesn’t that look better?
BIG BIRD: It sure does! I have company now!
BEIBEI: Er…
THE ARTIST: What’s wrong?
BEIBEI: Is there any room to draw some more things?
THE ARTIST: Why is that? According to my YEARS of experience, this is enough.
BIG BIRD: Yeah, what do you need, Beibei?
BEIBEI: It’s just…hmm, I’d love to be in the scroll, but I need something there
which I can’t live without…
THE ARTIST: Which is...?
BEIBEI: BAMBOO!
ALL LAUGH
The End
54
CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSION
The purpose of the previous examples and the new character of Beibei the
Panda on Sesame Street is to engender in American children the same acceptance of
Chinese people and culture, as they have for cute and cuddly pandas. And, in this
way, to make the Chinese cultural elements they commonly see and encounter in
daily life more interesting, more useful and more understood.
The thesis project grew with me as my internship went on at the Sesame
Workshop. It was being developed at the time when I got to be on the set of Sesame
Street and see the scripts for some of the Sesame episodes that went on air. I got to
sit in most of the script review meetings for Season China Season One, with the
Sesame China producers from May to June 2010. Because of my Chinese language
background, I could provide culture consulting to the production team. The episodes
in this thesis project, to a certain degree, must have been influenced by the
experience. The daily research on Sesame Street videos during the internship, gave
me a good understanding of all the Sesame characters as well, which made script
writing for this thesis project a fun and enjoyable experience.
From the end of July, I got hired as a production assistant for both the
Sesame Street English department, which devotes to producing multimedia
educational material for children learning English in Asia, and also the Sesame
Street Chinese project, that’s mentioned in the overview section of the thesis.
Because of the opportunity, I got to bring my thesis up to Manabu Nagaoka, the
55
Executive Producer of the Sesame Street Chinese project. The feedback I got from
him and the on-going development of the project itself gave me a realistic view of
my thesis. At the moment, the Sesame Street Chinese project is repurposing the
media assets that have been developed by the Sesame Street English language
project. For example, we chose a song from the asset pool; then I translated the
English lyrics and rewrote it into easy and catchy Chinese song. And it became part
of the Sesame Street Chinese project, which includes other elements, such as games,
animation, dictionary etc. Since the Chinese project is still under development,
details of the project aren’t currently available.
China and United States are closely connected in so many aspects.
Together, they face the challenges of environmental issues, population rise and
terrorism. At the same time, the cooperation and collaboration between the two
countries is vitally important in terms of conducting business, trade, and the impact
of currency fluctuation. Therefore, a better mutual understanding will propel the
development of a positive partnership in the interest of both parties.
“Given the diversity of the United States, knowledge of other cultures is
also essential to strengthening the functioning of our own democracy and education
system.” (Asia Society, 2006, p.6) Sesame Street and Beibei the Panda joining
together will bring a brand new perspective to children in America, and enrich their
lives a little bit more.
56
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Blum, R.A. (2001). Television and Screen Writing: From Concept to Contract.
(4thed.) Woburn, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann.
2. Perret, G. (1990). Comedy Writing Step by Step: How to Write and Sell Your Sense of Humor. (1st ed.). Samuel French, Incorporated.
3. Cole, C.F., Richman, B.A., & McCann Brown, S.K. (2001). The World of Sesame Street Research. In Shalom, F.M. & Truglio, R.T. “G” is for Growing: Thirty Years of Research on Children and Sesame Street. (pp.147-180) Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
4. Panda Facts and Information. Retrieved from http://www.chinaunique.com/Panda/pandaedu.htm
5. Cole, C.F., Arafat, C., Tidhar, C., & Tafesh, W. Z., Fox, N.A., Killen, M.,
Ardila-Rey, A., Leavitt, L.A., Lesser, G., Richman, B.A., Yung, F. (2003). The educational impact of Rechov Sumsum/Shara'a Simsim: A Sesame Street television series to promote respect and understanding among children living in Israel, the West Bank, and Gaza. International Journal of Behavioral Development. 27(5), 409 – 422.
6. Smallwood, A.M.K. (2008). Sesame Street and the Reform of Children’s Television. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media. 52(2), 323-324.
7. Davis, M. (2008). Street Gang: The Complete History of Sesame Street. New
York, NY: Penguin Group (USA). Inc. 8. Sesame Street Episode Guide. Retrieved from http://muppet.wikia.com/wiki/Category:Sesame_Street_Episode_Guide 9. Sesame Workshop. From China to America, a Brilliant Spectacle of Light and
Color. Retrieved from http://www.sesameworkshop.org/initiatives/respect/sky 10. Sesame Workshop, Sesame Workshop Muppet Guide. Internal reference. 11. Natural Resource Management. Zhima Jie. Retrieved from http://www.comminit.com/en/node/131020/306
57
12. Pictogram. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pictogram 13. Dillon, S. (2010, Jan. 20). Foreign Languages Fade in Class-Except Chinese.
Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/21/education/21chinese.html 14. Asia Society. 20 Schools Named Confucius Classrooms. Retrieved from
http://asiasociety.org/education-learning/chinese-language-initiatives/20-schools-named-confucius-classrooms
15. Chinese Children to come and play on Sesame Street (1997, Nov.7) Retrieved
from http://www.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/9711/07/china.sesame.street/index.html 16. Chinese Monster Magic. (2010) Retrieved from http://www.chinesemonstermagic.com/ 17. Chinese Painting. Retrieved from
http://www.chineseart.com/chinese-painting.htm
18. Asia Society. Afterschool for the Global Age. (2006). Retrieved from http://www.asiasociety.org/files/afterschoolreport-1.pdf
19. Asia Society. Chinese: An Expanding Field. Retrieved from http://asiasociety.org/education-learning/chinese-language-initiatives/chinese-expanding-field
20. Early Advantage. Learning Chinese. Retrieved from http://www.early-advantage.com/Articles/Learnchinese.aspx
21. Fisch, S.M. (2004) Children’s Learning from Educational Television: Sesame Street and Beyond. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
22. Travelogue-Xi Tang. Retrieved from http://ringingear.wordpress.com/2008/08/10/travelogue-xi-tang-西塘-china-july 2007/
23. Fisch, S.M. and Truglio. R.T. (2001) “G” is for Growing: Thirty Years of
Research on Children and Sesame Street. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
58
24. U.S. Department of Education. (2010). Funding Status. Retrieved from http://www2.ed.gov/programs/flap/funding.html 25. Westat, N.Z. Does Sesame Street Enhance School Readiness? : Evidence from a
National Survey of Children. In Shalom, F.M. & Truglio, R.T. “G” is for Growing: Thirty Years of Research on Children and Sesame Street. (pp.115-130) Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
26. U.S. Department of Education. (2010). Funding Status. Retrieved from http://www2.ed.gov/programs/flap/funding.html
27. Fisch, S.M. (2000). A Capacity Model of Children’s Comprehension of
Educational Content on Television. Media Psychology. 2(1), 63-91. 28. Gettas, G.J. (1990). The Globalization of Sesame Street: A Producer's
Perspective. Educational Technology Research and Development. 38(4), 55-63. 29. Great Wall Fortifications Design. Retrieved from http://www.travelchinaguide.com/china_great_wall/construction/fortifications.htm
30. Kominski. R. A. & Shin, H.B. (2008). Language Needs of School-Age Children
[PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from http://search.census.gov/search?q=chinese+american+children&baseUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fsearch.census.gov%2Fsearch&entqr=0&output=xml_no_dtd&ud=1&client=subsite&proxystylesheet=subsite&filter=0&hq=inurl%3Afactfinder.census.gov&subtitle=aff&sort=date%3AD%3AL%3Ad1&oe=UTF-8&ie=UTF-8
31. Leung, A.K., & Chiu,C. (2010) Multicultural Experience, Idea Receptiveness, and Creativity. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. 0: 0022022110361707v2
32. Minow, N.N. (1961). Television and the Public Interest. [PDF document].
Retrieved from http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/PDFFiles/Newton%20Minow%20%20Television%20and%20the%20Public%20Interest.pdf
59
Appendix A: Interviews with Sesame Workshop Managers
Interview with Carol-Lynn Parente, Executive Producer of Sesame Street,
Carol-Lynn’s office, May 06, 2010 Question: What is the process of introducing new puppets into Sesame Street like? Parente: With Abby, we were looking for new species on the street. We were looking for a way to teach diversity and about entering new groups. So when kids see other kids that different are from them, whether it because of race or ability or the way they dress or their hair, we’d like to model that. That awkward feeling you get when you are a kid entering a new group. We were looking for new species, and Abby is a fairy, and we don’t have any fairies on the show. And that was the reason she got developed. That was the first time in like 17 years that we added a new character. We don’t add them so often. Part of the reason for Sesame Street is that we already have so many characters and we are a show for very young children. So it’s hard for kids to learn all the characters. With Zoey and Rosita, we really made an effort to add girls to the cast, because they just were underrepresented. All the popular characters, Grover, cookie monster, Big Bird, they were all male. And so Rosita came around. We just wanted to add a female, as it turns out, Carmen, who is Mexican. We just decided to write that character to her ethnic background because she was a really strong performer and puppeteer. It is hard to find female puppeteers. So we decided to use her ethnicity in the show, but we didn’t set out to create a Spanish puppet. She was a very strong puppeteer; we decided to use her natural accent in her character. It wasn’t at first. We were just looking for a strong female puppeteer, because we were adding females. Because she naturally had this Spanish language, then it was a bonus. When you do casting, you always just want the best, funniest performer. If you could find that, it adds a dimension to the show, like language. That was great. Because now we were able to deal with a character whose language was Spanish and who also speaks English. Because when Rosita becomes angry, frustrated sometimes, she breaks into Spanish. And you have the natural ability to teach a language like that.
60
Question: Do children get a lot of exposure to foreign culture through Sesame Street? Parente: I think more than any other children’s show, because diversity is very important to us. And it has been so from the very beginning. We focus on different cultures. We have had the entire seasons where cultural diversity was the main focus. So we’ve done an entire season of African American culture and an entire season of Asian cultures. Even though those were particular season where we really went very deep into focus. We still include diversity in everything we do. And that goes from the film we commission. We also have a segment for a while called Global Grover, that was actually using films from all over the world. We actually went to the international producers, and took their films, and tried to use the films that worked the best. We would put in an English voice-over to explain what was going on. So I think Sesame Street probably has more cultural exposure than most children’s shows. You know the interesting thing is, you need to be careful when you want to be focusing on cultural diversity: it’s not to take a touristy approach to it. You are trying to show what special and unique about the culture from food to dance to dress to celebrations or traditions and yet some of the most interesting visuals can be touristy, where you are kind of feeding in stereotypes. You want to show that diversity in the most interesting way, but you also don’t want to be offensive. It’s really difficult. We go for what is the most organic way to introduce cultural differences so that it does feels like real and not insulting anyone’s heritage. I really love the idea of Beibei. This character hems and haws over decisions. It’s a very visual way to teach critical thinking. And that’s a hard thing to visualize. So having a character that double thinnks himself, that goes back. That’s really good for education. That’s really a wonderful way to get that curriculum across because that’s a tough curriculum to do. We have a format called Abby’s flying fairy school. That’s supposed to be critical thinking. It’s not strong enough yet. If we have a character like Beibei, it will get a little easier. So you’ve done a beautiful job with the character design, I think that will teach very well. Critical thinking is toughest curriculum we have. I think that’s a really good idea for that.
61
Interview with Rosemarie Truglio Vice President of Education & Research, Rosemarie’s office, May 04, 2010 Question: Sesame Street has always stressed cultural diversity. How is it represented in the show? Truglio: We try to show different cultures living together. The human cast on the Sesame Street set provides an opportunity for us to explore their culture backgrounds. We have an African American family, with Susan and Gordan; a Latino intact family, Maria and Luis. And Mr. Hooper store was run by an older Jewish man; now it’s being operated by a young Japanese American, Alan. Our most recent is Lila, who runs the laundromat. So it’s really through the human cast; we explore their cultural roots. The message has always been the same. We want to celebrate the uniqueness of a person’s culture as well as highlight the similarities. We also focus not only on cultural differences but represent people who have different abilities. And even when we represent those individuals, we’re focusing on the things that they can’t do but more importantly the things they can do in their special way. So if you’re in a wheel chair, you can’t use your legs to dance. But the wheel chair is an extension of your body, and through technology, you can dance, but you’re dancing in a different way. And we’ve done other things, such as a format called ‘Global Grover’, where that was an opportunity to have Grover go and visit friends around the world through the technique of films. And that provided the domestic show to take these films from international co-productions and bring them here domestically so that children here can see that children, while they might not look like them, they are dealing with very similar issues. The films that did the best were films where you are watching a child learn something and gain mastery. Question: What cultural aspects are touched upon frequently? Truglio: We always include dance and cultural holidays. There is a visual representation. Question: Is the project to include Chinese culture into domestic Sesame Street feasible? Truglio: The only time you get a lot of shows is when we decide what the curriculum focus is going to be for the season. So when we decided to do race relations, we decided for 4 years to highlight a culture every season. Without a curriculum focus, you are not going to get a lot of shows. It would have to be
62
determined what the curriculum focus is. For instance, for Season 40, the focus is on science and nature, they got about 15 out of 26 shows. And we decided what the goals are, and what the key messages are. Once you decide what the goals and key messages are, then the writers start writing and we have shows represent the goals and key messages. I can’t see it happening in the near future, because we are focusing on the next year or 2 years on science, technology, engineering and math.
63
Appendix B: Sesame Street Fact Sheet from Mysesameworkshop.org Contributed by Leah Baker, Production Assistant at Sesame Workshop Sunday, 25 September 2005
The Sesame Street experience is nearly universal, beginning with the television programs, extending through magazines, licensed products, daycare centers and grass-roots outreach efforts: - In the U.S. alone, there are over 74 million "graduates" of Sesame Street. - Approximately 8 million people in the U.S. tune in to Sesame Street each week. - Sesame Street is the number one program recalled by mothers of children ages 6 months to 11 years who were asked to name any children's program. - More mothers with a child under 3 watch Sesame Street than any other children's program on commercial television. - Parents of preschoolers are most likely to choose Sesame Street as the one program they would want their child to watch. - To date, Sesame Street has won 109 Emmy Awards - more Emmys than any other television show in history. - Sesame Street and its international co-productions have aired in over 120 countries since its inception, making it the most widely viewed children's series in the world. - A portion of the proceeds received from the sales of products help fund Sesame Workshop's educational programs worldwide. Sesame Street - Sesame Street books and magazines are published in 5 continents and many languages to delight and educate children the world over. In 2005, over 18 million Sesame Street books and magazines were sold worldwide.
64
- New children's book categories will be introduced 2006, including value-added Novelty Books, Educational Workbooks and Flashcards, as well as expanded traditional categories such as Coloring/Activity Books and traditional Storybooks. - Sesame Street has a series of award-winning CD ROMs, PlayStation and Game Boy titles, as well as a web site - -www.sesameworkshop.org - that educates and entertains over 1,000,000 visitors each month. Online tools have also been developed for Publishing Licensees to aid in creative development and content re-purposing, including an archive of over 250 book and magazine titles. - Healthy Habits for Life is a content-driven initiative developed to help young children and their caregivers establish an early foundation of healthy eating and physical activity. Overall health and well-being is a crucial part of our ever developing Sesame Street curriculum. - Sesame Workshop, the producers of Sesame Street, provides educationalresources featuring Sesame Street characters that are used by Ready to Learn Coordinators in workshops with caregivers and parents.
65
Appendix C: Summary of Foreign Culture Content in Forty Years of Sesame Street (Muppet Wikia.com)
Season 02
198 Film
African kids play at various activities, including a game with stone.
Season 03
299 Muppets
Japanese Stories: The Young Son has until midnight to find the four mysterious dragons hidden in the royal throne room.
346 Muppets
Japanese Stories: Japan is victimized by an emperor, who boasts that he will relinquish his post to anyone who shows him something unique. Villagers bring flowers, fans, and hats, identical to those owned by the emperor, but a young girl is able to prove that she herself is different from anything else.
355/ 299 Muppets
Japanese Stories: A Japanese storyteller tells "The Mystery of the Four Dragons." An aged emperor offers the throne to his son if he can find four hidden dragons in the room.
Season 04
66
410 Muppets
Japanese Stories: The Emperor of Japan is dissatisfied with the sound his gong makes. He calls the imperial gong delivery man that presents different gongs for his approval. They're either too loud or too soft, however, until the imperial gong delivery man uses his own head as a gong.
Season 06
666 Muppets
Roosevelt Franklin Elementary School: Roosevelt Franklin talks to his class about Africa. Smart Tina thinks that Africa is just a big jungle, because she's seen it that way in Tarzan movies. Roosevelt corrects her; only a small portion of Africa is a jungle. Africa also has cities and deserts and lakes. Hard head Haris compared Africa to Smart Tina.
685/ 299 Muppets
Japanese Stories: A Japanese storyteller tells "The Mystery of the Four Dragons."An aged emperor offers the throne to his son if he can find four hidden dragons in the room.
743/ 299 Muppets
Japanese Stories: A Japanese storyteller tells "The Mystery of the Four Dragons."An aged emperor offers the throne to his son if he can find four hidden dragons in the room.
Season 07
67
803/ 299 Muppets
Japanese Stories: A Japanese storyteller tells "The Mystery of the Four Dragons."An aged emperor offers the throne to his son if he can find four hidden dragons in the room.
880/ 666 Muppets
Roosevelt Franklin Elementary School: Roosevelt Franklin talks to his class about Africa. Smart Tina thinks that Africa is just a big jungle, because she's seen it that way in Tarzan movies. Roosevelt corrects her; only a small portion of Africa is a jungle.
Season 08 926 Film A giant panda walks around. 963 Film Preparing Mexican tortillas 1031/ 573 Film Preparing Mexican tortillas 1041 Cartoon The pink panther karate
1052/ 299 Muppets
Japanese Stories: A Japanese storyteller tells "The Mystery of the Four Dragons."An aged emperor offers the throne to his son if he can find four hidden dragons in the room.
935 Scene
Luis and Maria demonstrate some of the musical instruments associated with the Puerto Rican and Mexican cultures.
Season 09
1056 Film Footage of a Chinese noodle factory
68
1059/ 346 Muppets
Japanese Stories: Japan is victimized by an emperor, who boasts that he will relinquish his post to anyone who shows him something unique. Villagers bring flowers, fans, and hats, identical to those owned by the emperor, but a young girl is able to prove that she herself is different from anything else.
1061/ 198 Film
African children play with bone-like marbles.
1088/ 128 Film
Sesame Street Animal Films: African animals
1092 Scene 2
Oscar witnesses Buffy and some kids talking about their nationalities.
1094 Cartoon K is for Karate.
1100 Film
People in different countries are seen running. A Mexican girl is seen on a swing in a playground.
1100 Film How Chinese noodles are made. 1124/ 573 Film Tortillas 1128/ 813 Film "Indian Baby Bath" 1141/ 1056 Film
Footage of a Chinese noodle factory
1150/ 346 Muppets
Japanese Stories: Japan is victimized by an emperor, who boasts that he will relinquish his post to anyone who shows him something unique. Villagers bring flowers, fans, and hats, identical to those owned by the emperor, but a young girl is able to prove
1153/128 Film
Sesame Street Animal Films: African animals
1159/926 Film
Sesame Street Animal Films: Panda
69
1164 Film Sesame Street Animal Films: African lizards
Season 11
1316 Puerto Rico
1396 Film Russian nesting doll 1-10 1525/ 1094 Cartoon K is for Karate. Season 17
2179 Muppets Ernie and Bert explore an Egyptian pyramid.
2269/ 1094 Film
Elephants (African percussion soundtrack)
2282 Cartoon P is for Pyramid.
2341 Film
Two boys working at the family Mexican restaurant show how they prepare for the day, and how tacos and enchiladas are made.
Season 19 2363/ 2282 Animation P is for Pyramid.
Cartoon The alphabet Song (Country, gospel, Mexican)
2366/ 2341 Film
Two boys working at the family Mexican restaurant show how they prepare for the day, and how tacos and enchiladas are made.
2395 Cartoon The pink panther karate
2453/ 299 Muppets
Japanese Stories: A Japanese storyteller tells "The Mystery of the Four Dragons."An aged emperor offers the throne to his son if he can find four hidden dragons in the room.
2483 Cartoon A report on homes around the world
70
Season 20
2558 Film Children dance to different rhythms from around the world.
2574 Cartoon How they say "good night" in Haiti and in India.
2610/ 2404
Sesame Street News Flash London Fog
Season 21 2687/ 2574 Cartoon
How they say "good night" in Haiti and in India.
2727/ 2574 Cartoon
How they say "good night" in Haiti and in India.
Season 22
2749/ 2687 Film
A boy who lives in the Congo (in Africa) narrates a film of the kinds of games he and his friends play.
Animation
A girl unfolds a map and uses it to describe her trip to Mexico, stopping in Texas along the way.
2754/ 1041 Cartoon The Pink Panther Karate
2754 Film Two kids help an old Chinese man get his dragon kite in the air.
2755 Cartoon
A map of African morphs into the shape of animals that are found there.
2781/ 2404 Muppets African Alphabet Song
2782 Animation
A map of China morphs into the shape of animals and things that are found there.
2783 Film A girl goes to school somewhere in Africa.
71
2784/ 2282 Animation P is for Pyramid. 2789/1056 Film
Footage of a Chinese noodle factory
Cartoon Gloria Globe pulls a tiger out of her hat, which belongs to India.
2820 Cartoon "Do the Continental"-two kids jump into Africa
Season 23 2876/ 2483 Cartoon
A report on homes around the world
2877 Cartoon
Gloria Globe is about to pull a rabbit out of her hat, but pulls out a kangaroo instead, which belongs in Australia.
2900/ 1396 Film Russian nesting doll 1-10
2932/ 2755 Animation
A map Africa morphs into the shape of animals that are found there.
2946/ 2877 Cartoon
Gloria Globe is about to pull a rabbit out of her hat, but pulls out a kangaroo instead, which belongs in Australia.
2951/ 2749 Animation
A girl unfolds a map and uses it to describe her trip to Mexico, stopping in Texas along the way.
2955/ 2855 Cartoon
Gloria Globe attempts to pull a rabbit out of her hat, but pulls out a camel instead, which belongs in Egypt.
2963/ 813 Cartoon
A group of Oriental children demonstrates the concept of in and out, by climbing in and out of a gigantic time.
72
2969 Animation Floral patterns are formed to Eastern European music.
2977 Film Members of the Congo nation get together for a ceremonial dance.
3008/ 2755 Cartoon
A map of African morphs into the shape of animals that are found there.
3010/ 2749 Animation
A girl unfolds a map and uses it to describe her trip to Mexico, stopping in Texas along the way.
3021 Cartoon
A map of Australia morphs into the shape of animals that are found there.
3023/ 2969 Animation
Floral patterns are formed to Eastern European music.
3031 Cartoon Zork lands in Australia, where a kangaroo greets him.
Cartoon Gloria Globe sings "I Am the World."
3037/ 2483 Cartoon
A report on homes around the world
3038/ 2755 Cartoon
A map of African morphs into the shape of animals that are found there.
3047/ 2341 Film
Two boys working at the family Mexican restaurant show how they prepare for the day, and how tacos and enchiladas are made.
3048/ 2616 Muppets
Waiter Grover: Mr Johnson eats at an airport restaurant and is on his way to South America. When Grover learns about Mr. Johnson's trip, he gives a big lecture on South America, causing Mr Johnson to miss his flight.
3056/ 1041 Cartoon The pink panther karate
73
Animation
A map of Australia morphs into the shape of animals that are found there.
3057/ 2558 Film
Children dance to different rhythms from around the world.
3059/ 2977 Muppets
Caribbean Anything Muppets sing about "Caribbean Air".
3073 Cartoon
Gloria Globe appears sick and ailing, because of pollution and damage to the planet. Only by taking better care of the Earth can Gloria become well again.
Animation "We are kids from Far and Wide."
3076 Film A girl narrates a film of how pan dulce, Mexican bread is made.
3079 Muppets African Alphabet Song 3080/ 2820 Film
"Do the Continental"-two kids jump into Africa
3081 Film
A Puerto Rican family get-together includes cooking, playing soccer, and finally the big dinner
Cartoon A report on homes around the world
Film A girl goes to school somewhere in Africa.
Animation Counting to 10 (Latin rhythm)
Film Footage of a Chinese noodle factory
3091 3093
Film A giant panda walks around.
74
3098 Muppets
Waiter Grover: Mr Johnson eats at an airport restaurant and is on his way to South America. When Grover learns about Mr. Johnson's trip, he gives a big lecture on South America, causing Mr Johnson to miss his flight.
Cartoon How they say "good night" in Haiti and in India.
Cartoon K is for Karate.
Film
A girl named Maria and her family is having a Cuban Bar-B-Q. She invited her friend, Stewart to enjoy the fun and learn about Cuban culture.
3100
Cartoon
A map of Puerto Rico forms into the shape of animals and other things that are found there.
Cartoon
Gloria Globe attempts to pull a rabbit out of her hat, but pulls out a camel instead, which belongs in Egypt. 3102
Film
In a village in Africa, people catch fish and celebrate afterwards.
Film
In South America, they say'Buenos Dias' for good morning, and 'Buenos Noches' for good night. 3105
Animation "We are kids from Far and Wide."-Columbia
Cartoon Zork lands in Australia, where a kangaroo greets him.
Cartoon P is for Pyramid.
3108
Film A girl narrates a film of how pan dulce, Mexican bread is made.
75
Film
A boy who lives in the Congo (in Africa) narrates a film of the kinds of games he and his friends play.
3119 Muppets "African Alphabet Song" 3123/2558 Cartoon
Children dance to different rhythms from around the world.
Cartoon
Gloria Globe appears sick and ailing, because of pollution and damage to the planet. Only by taking better care of the Earth can Gloria become well again.
Cartoon "Do the Continental"-two kids jump into Africa
Film
A girl goes to school somewhere in Africa. We see the girl getting ready to go to school as she washes herself and brushes her teeth, puts on here clothes, brushes her hair, and takes her lunch, all with some help from her mother. We see her walking past
Film
Gilberto, who lives in Central America, learns how bricks are made.
3127
Film
A girl named Maria and her family is having a Cuban Bar-B-Q. She invited her friend, Stewart to enjoy the fun and learn about Cuban culture.
Celebrity
Paul Silmon and Ladysmith Black Mambazo sing the African Alphabet Song. 3134
Animation African quilt pattern #2
3135/3105 Muppets
In South America, they say 'Buenos Dias' for good morning and 'Buenos Noches' for good night.
76
Season 26
3283 Film A group of girls dance a Korean spring dance.
Film A Japanese mother shows her son how to play taiko drum.
3374 Animation
"We are kids from Far and Wide": Jittar, who lives in Thailand, describes the holiday of Songkran.
Animation Counting to 10 (Latin rhythm)
3385/ 2755 Animation
A map of Africa morphs into the shape of animals that are found there.
Season 30 3786/ 3145 Cartoon African quilt pattern
3792 Film A Karate team punches out the alphabet.
3793/ 3145 Cartoon African quilt pattern Cartoon Egyptian #2
Cartoon
The moon listens to everyone say "Good night" in different languages.
3797 Cartoon K is for Karate. Film Kids in a park do Karate kicks. Cartoon The pink panther karate 3812 Cartoon African quilt pattern 3827 Cartoon African quilt pattern 3834 Animation African quilt pattern #2 Cartoon The pink panther karate Cartoon African quilt pattern Cartoon K is for Karate. 3836 Film Kids in a park do Karate kicks. 3849/3134 Animation African quilt pattern #2
77
Season 27
Film
Xiao-Mei from northern China describes a festical at the end of every year that her family participates in. Each day of the festival, there is a new show to watch, a series of parades and lots of food like noodles and dumplings. Women prepare floats for t
3408
Film
Lucia, who lives in Argentina, narrates a segment where she visits her abuelo's chocolate factory, where they make candy out of chocolate and mazapan.
3410/ 3164 Animation
"We are kids from Far and Wide": Bali, Indonesia
3425 Film Korean festival
Animation Counting up to 11 (African masks)
3426 Film An Indian boy narrates how Chapati bread is made.
3427 Film A Japanese mother shows her son how to play taiko drum.
Film
In Tinidad, Asha and her friends practice a dance on stilts in preparation for a carnival.
3480/ 3145 Cartoon African quilt pattern
Film Podrigo lives in Philippines spent a day with his family at the park.
Film A Judo class does 20 jumping jack.
3522 Film An Indian boy narrates how Chapati bread is made.
Animation Counting from 1-10 (Latin rhythm)
Season 28 3540/2483 Cartoon
A report on homes around the world
78
Season 29 3664/ 3140 Film
Children in Jamaica learn how to make their own tie-dyed shirts.
3665 Cartoon How they say "good night" in Haiti and in India.
Film An Indian boy narrates how Chapati bread is made.
3671 Cartoon
A map of Puerto Rico forms into the shape of animals and other things that are found there.
Song "The African Animal Alphabet"
Film A boy in Jamaica goes to school and attends drum class.
3673 Cartoon "Do the Continental"-two kids jump into Africa
Animation "We are kids from Far and Wide"-Columbia
3688 Cartoon
The moon listens to everyone say "Good night" in different languages.
Film A girl narrates a film of how pan dulce, Mexican bread is made.
3691 Cartoon How they say "good night" in Haiti and in India.
Cartoon
A map of Puerto Rico forms into the shape of animals and other things that are found there.
Film
A girl named Maria and her family is having a Cuban Bar-B-Q. She invited her friend, Stewart to enjoy the fun and learn about Cuban culture.
3694/ 3048 Animation Counting to 10 (Latin rhythm)
79
3695 Film
Rory, the green-belt aged 6, goes to Karate class and learns under his senei, where he does toe touches, kickin, stretches, jumping jacks, and an unnamed move consisting of tumbling, then posing. Not only do they practice inside, but they also practice outside in the park.
Film Korean girls do a spring dance. 3696/ 3108 Animation
Zork lands in Australia, where a kangaroo greets him.
3699 Animation Counting up to 11 (African masks)
Film A Karate team punches out the alphabet.
3701 Cartoon "We are kids from Far and Wide"-West Africa
Film
Kids rehearse a large group African dance in the park, get their faces painted, and perform.
3702 Film
Miles live in Kuwait, and sometimes play staiko drums at the park.
Film
In a village in Africa, people catch fish and celebrate afterwards.
3712/ 3695 Cartoon Korean girls do a spring dance. 3713 Cartoon Egyptian #2
Film A Karate team punches out the alphabet.
Cartoon
The moon listens to everyone say "Good night" in different languages.
80
3714/ 3408 Film
Xiao-Mei from northern China describes a festival at the end of every year that her family participates in. Each day of the festival, there is a new show to watch, a series of parades and lots of food like noodles and dumplings. Women prepare floats for the parade which men dress up as river animals. Xiao-Mei's favorite is the lion dance. Xiao-Mei also demonstrates how she can walk on tilts which are strapped to her leg, and hopes someday to dance in the big parade.
3717 Cartoon African quilt pattern
Film
Kids rehearse a large group African dance in the park, get their faces painted, and perform.
3723 Animation Counting from 10-0 (Latin rhythm)
Song "The African Animal Alphabet"
3733/ 2755 Animation
A map of African morphs into the shape of animals that are found there.
3741/ 2574 Cartoon
How they say "good night" in Haiti and in India.
Film
A girl goes to school somewhere in Africa. We see the girl getting ready to go to school as she washes herself and brushes her teeth, puts on her clothes, brushes her hair, and takes her lunch, all with some help from her mother. We see her walking past
3745 Cartoon In Egypt, three lemons make lemonade.
3750/3162 Film
A girl narrates a segment about a Korean festival. She attended
81
with her two friends.
3751/ 2749 Film
A boy who lives in the Congo (in Africa) narrates a film of the kinds of games he and his friends play.
3752 Cartoon
A map of India morphs into the shape of animals that are found there.
3761/ 3134 Animation African quilt pattern #2
Film An Indian boy narrates how Chapati bread is made.
3763/ 3076 Film
A girl narrates a film of how pan dulce, Mexican bread is made.
Song "African Animal Alphabet" Animation Counting to 10 (Latin rhythm) 3766/ 3699 Film Karate team
3770 Film Kids in Jamaica play bongo drums
3773/ 3164 Animation
"We are kids from Far and Wide": A girl describes the preparation for the Galungan festival in Bali, Indonesia.
Cartoon African quilt pattern 3775/ 3671 Song "The African Animal Alphabet" 3776/ 3465 Film A trip to an African dance school 3779/ 1396 Film Russian nesting doll 1-10
3783/ 3162 Film
A girl narrates a segment about a Korean festival. She attended with her two friends.
3785/ 2574 Cartoon
How they say "good night" in Haiti and in India.
82
Season 31
Episode Format Content
3851 Film
Kids rehearse a large group African dance in the park, get their faces painted.
3860 Cartoon Egyptian #4
3871 Film A Karate team punches out the alphabet.
3872/ 3136 Muppets
Baby Tooth and the Funky Funk (Caribbean dance part 1.2)
3874
Animation Counting to 10(Chinese imagery)
Film Chinese acrobats balance 4 plates on sticks in each hand
3876 Film Five Chinese kid acrobats jump through hoops
3885
Celebrity The Count counts the musicians in the Tokyo String Quartet.
3886 Muppets Caribbean Anything Muppets sing about "Caribbean Air"
3888 Film A girl narrates a film of how pan dulce, Mexican bread, is made.
83
3889 Cartoon Egyptian #2
Film A Karate team punches out the alphabet.
Cartoon "We Are Kids from Far and Wide" West Africa
3896
Animation Counting to 10(Chinese imagery)
3901/ 3671 Song Song "The African Animal Alphabet"
3902
Animation Counting to 10(Chinese imagery)
3903 Film Chinese acrobats balance 4 plates on sticks in each hand
3909 Film
A girl narrates a segment about a Korean festival she attended with her two friends.
3911
Animation Counting to 10(Chinese imagery)
3912 Cartoon In Egypt, three lemons make lemonade.
Season 32
3917/ 3098 Film
Michael introduces his friend to the Afro-Brazilian martial art capoeira.
3919/ 3699 Cartoon
How they say "good night" in Haiti and in India.
3920 Film A Karate team punches out the alphabet.
3924 Cartoon African quilt pattern #3
84
3937 Cartoon In Egypt, three lemons make lemonade.
3940/ 3194 Cartoon African quilt pattern
3843 Film A girl narrates a film of how pan dulce bread is made, Mexican.
3947 Cartoon African quilt pattern 3952 Cartoon African quilt pattern #2 3954 Song "The African Animal Alphabet"
3954 Cartoon
Dinah from South Carolina exchanges letters with her friend Ling Lu in China.
3961/ 3845 Film
The Tokyo String Quartet and some kids show how important it is to practice.
Film Four Chinese acrobats do stunts with giant spools.
Film Counting 10 Australian animals. 3962 Cartoon Egyptian # 4 Cartoon African quilt pattern
3963 Film A Karate team punches out the alphabet.
3972 Film A Haitian girl writes a letter to her grandmother.
Season 33
3981 Cartoon In Egypt, three lemons make lemonade.
3982 Film Egyptian figures illustrate the number 4.
3983 Film A trip to an African dance school 3986 Topic Lost bird from Paraguay 3998 Film Chinese acrobats demonstrate "5" Season 34
4031 Muppets/Film
Global Grover: Grover returns from having attended school somewhere in Africa.
4044 Muppets Global Grover: Malaysia, Kites
85
4047 Muppets Global Grover: "There's a lot of different ways to get to school."
4056 Muppets Global Grover: Grover returns from Egypt with his camel.
Season 35
4060 Muppets/Film
Global Grover: Grover comes back from Malaysia, where they make kites with bamboo sticks, strings, glue and paper.
4062 Muppets/Film
Global Grover: Grover returns from Russia and shows a film of a boy who attends a Russian dance school.
4065 Muppets/Film
Global Grover: Grover returns from having attended school somewhere in Africa.
4066 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover returns from Poland with a pile of old clothes. In his film he explains the function and construction of scarecrows, and afterwards he creates a scarecrow of his own and dressed up as a crow to demonstrate its effects.
4067 Muppets Global Grover: Australia
4068 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover has driven back from South Africa in his wire car. In his film, Niyanja and his cousins make toy cars out of scrap wire.
4069 Film "Kibbutz” Children make a play house in Israel.
4070 Muppets
G'day! Grover returns from Australia. In his film, Emily and her family fulfill the role of wildlife rescue volunteers.
4072/4039 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover travels to Mongolia to watch the traditional Mongolian bowl dance.
86
4073 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover has just swum back to Sesame Street from Jamaica where he learned how to tie-dye a shirt, but he lost his shirt in the process.
4075 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover has just taken a trip all over the globe and learned about different ways people bathe.
4076 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover has returned from Alaska on a dog sled.
4078 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover returns from Nicaragua carrying bricks that he made himself.
4079 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover comes back from Argentina, where they make candy out of chocolate and mazapan.
4081 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover and his burro Roberto return from Mexico with a lump of clay.
4082 Muppets Global Grover: Egypt Season 36
4084/4058 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover comes back from Jordan, where they make baskets from banana leaves.
4085/3100 Film
A girl name Maria and her family are having a Cuban Bar-B-Q. She invited her friend, Stewart, to enjoy in the fun and learn about Cuban culture.
4087 Film
Joey, the green-belt aged 6, goes to Karate class and learns under his sense.
Muppets
Global Grover: Grover returns from England and is ready to play a new game.
4089 Muppets Global Grover: Grover returns from Egypt with his camel.
87
4092 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover has just returned from the deserts of Arizona.
4093 Muppets Global Grover: "There's a lot of different ways to get to school."
4094 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover goes to Mongolia to learn a bout bowl dancing.
4095 Muppets Global Grover: Grover returns from Bangladesh.
4096 Cold Open
Rosita comments that there is great food around the world; She also said how eating food together with family is a great way also. Together with here family, they are getting ready to eat Chinese food.
Film A girl narrates a film of how pan dulce bread is made, Mexican.
Muppets
Global Grover: Grover and his burro Roberto return from Mexico with a lump of clay.
2479 Animation
A girl unfolds a map and uses it to describe her trip to Mexico, stopping in Texas along the way.
Cartoon In Egypt, three lemons make lemonade.
4098 Muppets Global Grover: Africa
4100 Muppets/Celebrity
India: Arie and Elmo sing The Alphabet Song
Muppets
Global Grover: Grover has just taken a trip all over the globe and learned about different ways people bathe.
4101 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover arrives wearing an Indian vest and holding an Indian board game called Carrom.
4103 Muppets Global Grover: Jamaica
88
4104 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover has driven back from South Africa in his wire car. In his film, Niyanja and his cousins make toy cars out of scrap wire.
4105 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover returns from Puerto Rico with a guiro-a musical instrument made from a piece of fruit.
4106/ 4069 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover goes to Israel and meets some of the kids at a Kibbutz. The children at the Kibbutz make a play house together.
4107 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover returns from China with a peacock and persuade it to do its peacock dance.
Season 37
4109 Muppets Global Grover: Grover returns from Iceland with an empty box.
Muppets
Global Grover: returns from Bangladesh with a fruit basket of "art supplies." 4110
Film Egyptian 2
4111 Animation
A clay animation of Russian, Arabian, and South American scenes
4112 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover has come back from Jamaica, where he learned to tie-dye T-shirts.
4113 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover returns from Puerto Rico with a guiro-a musical instrument made from a piece of fruit.
4114 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover returns from the Netherlands, and wishes to learn how to ride a bicycle.
4115 Muppets Global Grover: Grover has surfed back from Hawaii.
89
4116/ 4047 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover has returned from a trip around the world and resolves to ride his camel Sidney to school.
4117 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover returns from Jordan with a basket. In his film, a grandmother teaches her grandchildren to make baskets from banana leaves.
4118 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover returns from England and is ready to play a new game. In his film, a child learns how to play cricket in school.
4119 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover returns from Saskatchewan on his steed Fred. In his film, Jody teaches Shelby how to be a cowgirl on their ranch.
4120/ 3480
Muppets/Film
Global Grover: Grover returns from the Philippines with a slide. In his film, Rodrigo and his family play at a Manila park.
4121 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover has brought back coconut leaves from Bangladesh. In his film, a child retrieves coconut leaves fro his friends to make toys from.
4122/ 4085 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover returns from Poland with a pile of old clothes. In his film he explains the function and construction of scarecrows, and afterwards he creates a scarecrow of his own and dressed up as a crow to demonstrate its effects.
90
4124/ 4059 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover has returned from Mexico with a homemade string puppet. In his film, Tita crafts a puppet of her very own and puts on a puppet show.
4125/ 4067 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover and a kangaroo named Sheila return from Australia. In his film, Lenny demonstrates his dugout house. Afterwards, Grover and Sheila try digging a house of their own on Sesame Street, with unforeseen consequences.
4126/ 4079 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover returns from Argentina with a box of candy. In his film, Lucia watches her grandparents make candy in their chocolate factory. Afterwards, the Three Little Pigs come and compliment Grover on his candy pig.
4127/ 4070 Muppets
Global Grover: G'day! Grover returns from Australia. In his film, Emily and her family fulfill the role of wildlife rescue volunteers.
4128 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover and his burro Roberto return from Mexico with a lump of clay. In his film, Saul and his family make clay pottery. Afterwards Grover completes his sculpture, which he calls "Potato." Roberto has created a more interesting composition, however.
Animation
A girl unfolds a map and uses it to describe her trip to Mexico, stopping in Texas along the way.
91
4129 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover returns from Bangladesh. He narrates his film, in which Runa and her father travel to a river to fish. Afterwards Grover tries to play a taiko drum. Afterwards, Grover has had his drum fixed and is ready to play.
4132 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover returns from Germany with a bundle of reeds. In his film, Paul's father helps make a thatched roof. Grover has built himself a thatched hat similar to a birdhouse roof…attracting the attention of all birds in the vicinity.
4133/ 4056 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover returns from Egypt with his camel Sidney. In his film, Achmed visits his cousins and works on a farm. Afterwards he prepared to eat the basket of lunch that he brought back…but Sidney ate it all!
4134/ 4068 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover has driven back from South Africa in his wire car. In his film, Niyanja and his cousins make toy cars out of scrap wire.
Season 38
4151 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover visits Paris, France, where he learns how to shop for food at a French market.
4152/3927 Animation Egyptian #2
92
4156/ 3427 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover returns from Trinidad on a pair of stilts. In his film Asha and her friends practice and dance on stilts in preparation for a carnival. Afterward, Grover muses about the things he's learned to do on stilts…including the need to practice more!
4157/ 3081 Film
A Puerto Rican family get-together includes cooking, playing soccer, and finally the big dinner
Muppets/ Film
Global Grover: Grover returns from having attended school somewhere in Africa. The elephant has never been to school, so Grover shows him about a girl as she prepares to go to school. After the film, Grover has written the word "boy". The elephant show what he has learned by jumping.
4158
Song "The African Animal Alphabet"
4164/ 4101 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover arrives wearing on Indian vest and holding an Indian board game called Carrom.
4166/ 3428 Animation
Egyptian figures illustrate the number 4
4169/ 3770 Film
Kids in Jamaica play bongo drums
4170/ 4100
Muppets/Celebrity
India: Arie and Elmo sing The Alphabet Song
4171/ 3978 Film Chinese acrobats demonstrate "5" 4174/ 3713 Animation Egyptian #2
93
4175/ 4070 Muppets
Global Grover: G'day! Grover returns from Australia.
4177/ 4111 Animation
A clay animation of Russian, Arabian, and South American scenes
4178/ 3671 Song "The African Animal Alphabet"
4183/ 4061 Muppets
Global Grover: Grover returns from Saskatchewan on his steed Fred.
4184 Film A boy shows how sushi is made.