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International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing Jul–DEC 2016 IJOrN www.journalspub.com
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International Journal ofOrthopedic Nursing
Jul–DEC 2016 IJOrN
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Focus and Scope of the Journal Musculoskeletal system
Sports injuries and musculoskeletal trauma
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Degenerative diseases
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Arthroscopy
Orthopedic implants
Fracture and physiotherapy
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EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS
Dr. Ubahara SahayarajCentre for Addiction Medicine, National
Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (Institute of National Importance), Bangalore,
India
Dr. Sutapa AgrawalSouth Asia Network for Chronic Disease,
Public Health Foundation of India, Gurgaon (Haryana),
India.
Dr. Sukhpal kaur National Institute of Nursing Education,
PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
Dr. Gowrishankar Potturi Department of Allied Health Sciences, Allianze
College of Medical Sciences, Malaysia
Dr. Bimla RaniBharat College of Nursing, Punjab,
India
Dr. Kedar G MehtaDepartment of Community Medicine,
GMERS Medical College, Gotri, Vadodara, India
Dr. S. VijayalakshmiVignesh Nursing College, Tiruvannamalai,
India
Dr Anuja ChauhanArni University, Kathgarh, Kangra,
(Himachal Pradesh), India
Dr. Arnel Banaga SalgadoPsychiatric Nursing and Psychology RAK Medical and Health Sciences University,
United Arab Emirates
Dr. E. SinuDepartment of Psychiatry, Kasturba Medical
College, Manipal University, Manipal, India
Dr. Jigar Mukesh DhuvadGovernment Dental College and Hospital,
Ahmadabad, India
Mr. Nitin NayyarPublic Health Services & District Hospitals, National Health Mission, Delhi State Health
Mission, New Delhi, India
Dr. Ramesh KumariMai Bhago College of Nursing,
Tarn-Taran, India
Dr. Pragya PathakCollege of Nursing, All India Institute of
Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
Dr. Pierson RathinarajInstitute of Biomedical Technologies, Auckland
University of Technology (AUT)Auckland- New Zealand
Dr. Pratibha SwamyCollege of Nursing, NIMHANS,
Bangalore, India
Dr. Smriti Arora Rufaida College of Nursing, Jamia Hamdard,
New Delhi, India
Dr. Sushma Kumari Saini National Institute of Nursing Education,
PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
Dr. Asha P. ShettyYenepoya Nursing College, Yenepoya
University, DeralakatteMangalore, India
Dr. Aman ModaGoenka Research Institute of Dental Science,
Gandhinagar, India
EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS
Dr. Kawaljit Kaur Department of Medical surgical Nursing, Mai Bhago College of Nursing, Tarn Taran
(Punjab), India
Dr. Regina D SatvekarBharati Vidyapeeth, Deemed University,
College of Nursing, Sangli (Maharashtra), India
Dr. Mala ThayumanavanBGS Global Hospitals,
Bangalore, India
Dr. Christos F. KleisiarisCommunity Nursing, Technological
Educational Institute of Crete, Greece
Dr. Ioanna V. PapathanasiouNursing Department, Technological Educational
Institute of Thessaly, Greece
Dr. Vahitha.S.College of Nursing, Jawaharlal Institute of Post
Graduate Medical Education & Research, Puducherry, India
Prof. A Arvin BabuMental health Nursing, Sree Abirami Hospital
and College of Nursing, Coimbatore, India
Achla Dagdu GaikwadDepartment of Nursing, NIMHANS,
Bangalore, India
Stella Sagaya MaryMatha College of Nursing,
Nadu, India
Urmila D BhardwajFaculty of Nursing, Hamdard University,
India
Naveen Herold SimonShri Venketeshwara University,
Gajrola, India
Sibin Joy VayalilCommunity Health Nursing Department,Lourdes College of Nursing, kerala, India
Siva Jeya Anand TChitra College of Nursing, Kerala,
India
Prof. Dhanpal H.N.Department of Psychiatric Nursing,
Smt. Nagarathnamma College of Nursing,India
From the Editor's Desk
Dear Readers,
We would like to present, with great pleasure, the Second Volume of a new scholarly
Journal, International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing. This Journal is part of the Applied
Sciences, and is devoted to the scope of present Nursing issues, from theoretical aspects to
application-dependent studies and the validation of emerging technologies.
This new Journal was planned and established to represent the growing needs of Nursing as an emerging
and increasingly vital field, now widely recognized as an integral part of scientific and technical
investigations. Its mission is to become a voice of the Nursing Science community, addressing researchers
and practitioners in this area.
The core vision of International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing in Journals Pub is to propagate novel
awareness and know-how for the profit of mankind ranging from the academic and professional research
societies to industry practitioners in a range of topics in Nursing in general. Journals Pub acts as a
pathfinder for the scientific community to published their papers at excellently, well-time & successfully.
International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing focuses on original high-quality research in the realm of
Orthopedic surgery, Musculoskeletal system, Sports injuries and musculoskeletal trauma, Degenerative
diseases, Children orthopedics, Orthopedic nursing, Orthopedic trauma, Arthroscopy, Orthopedic
implants, Fracture and physiotherapy. The Journal is intended as a forum for practitioners and researchers
to share the techniques of Nursing and solutions in the area.
Many scientists and researchers have contributed to the creation and the success of the Nursing community.
We are very thankful to everybody within that community who supported the idea of creating an innovative
platform. We are certain that this issue will be followed by many others, reporting new developments in the
field of Nursing.
This issue would not have been possible without the great support of the Editorial Board members, and we
would like to express our sincere thanks to all of them. We would also like to express our gratitude to the
editorial staff of JournalsPub, who supported us at every stage of the project.
It is our hope that this fine collection of articles will be a valuable resource for Nursing readers and will
stimulate further research into the vibrant area of Nursing.
Puneet Mehrotra
Managing Director
1. Plating and Different Modes of Plating in Orthopedics Amit Sharma 1
2. Major Injuries in Sports Sanjeev Sharma 6
3. Knee Arthroscopy: A Report Sulinder Singh 8
4. Injuries of Ankles and Their TreatmentAmit Sharma 11
5. Degenerative Disc DiseasesSulinder Singh 16
Contents
IJOrN (2016) 1-5 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 1
International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing Vol. 2: Issue 2
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Plating and Different Modes of Plating in Orthopedics
Amit Sharma* Punjab Public College of Nursing, Bhatinda, Punjab, India
ABSTRACT
Plating is methodology of use of orthopedic bone plates to settle a fracture. An orthopedic bone plate is a device that is altered deep down by utilization of screws on both side of Fracture.
Keywords: bone, fracture, plating
INTRODUCTION Plating is generally utilized for obsession of diaphyseal fractures of furthest point and metaphyseal and articular fracture. Plates for obsession of long bone Fractures were initially recorded by Hansmann, of Heidelberg University, Germany in 1886. Perop photograph of settled fracture ulna. With remaking plate and inter fragmentary screws Plates are presently generally acknowledged with various standard strategies of osteosynthesis, all through the skeleton. Distinctive anatomical areas request diverse shapes and sizes of plates. For a plate to be viable method for obsession it ought to meet after prerequisites It ought to be of proper width and
thickness for the given bone The plate must have sufficient and
symmetric hang on either side of the Fracture
The plate must be firmly restricted to the shape of bone. A prebent plate or over contoured plate is an exemption.[1]
The plate must kill all strengths following up on the Fracture i.e. bowing, pressure, shear and torque The utilization of plate is shown:
When anatomical arrangement must be reestablished precisely
Where the utilization of screws alone is deficient
The ranges of the body where the conditions depicted above emerge ordinarily are: Around joints – inability to reestablish a joint surface to its ordinary shape may prompt to osteoarthritis due to uneven wear of the joint surfaces
In the bone of the lower arm, which turn about each other
On the pelvis particularly around the hip bone socket
On the face and jaw Different zones where plates are now and again utilized incorporate the tibia and the femur. In any case, this long bone is liable to substantial strengths, so elective strategies utilizing intramedullary nails have been created.[2,3] Non-weight bearing long bones, for example, the humerus might be plated in spite of the fact that nails are once in a while utilized as a part of this site moreover.
IJOrN (2016) 6-7 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 6
International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing Vol. 2: Issue 2
www.journalspub.com
Major Injuries in Sports
Sanjeev Sharma Shimla College of Nursing, HP, India
BACKGROUND
Many individuals play dons somehow or another, whether they are playing for entertainment only in their lawn or intensely on a group. Practicing by playing games can be extremely helpful to your wellbeing, yet some of the time these advantages to your wellbeing are exceeded by negative things, for example, harm. The seriousness of these wounds can run from minor to intense; with a few wounds obliging surgery to completely recuperate. These wounds might be brought on from poor preparing hones, ill-advised gear, defective systems, or may simply be a mischance. Wounds can likewise happen when a man is not appropriately adapted to play the game, for example, not warming up or extending muscles heretofore. MOST COMMON INJURIES
Shoulder Injury
Shoulder injury, including disengagements, sprains and strains, make up 20% of all games injuries. Shoulder injury is brought about by abuse. Sports that require overhead development, similar to tennis, swimming, weightlifting, baseball, b-ball and volleyball, are the most well-known offenders. Shoulder injury ought to be treated with rest, ice, and mitigating medicine. You can counteract bear wounds by doing quality building practices in the off-season. Tennis or Golf Elbow
Around 7% of all games injuries are elbow injuries. Likewise called epicondylitis, tennis elbow is brought on by a dreary utilization of the elbow. This redundancy makes little tears in the elbow's tendons.
Torment can be experienced within or outside of the elbow, yet the outside is the most widely recognized. The condition happens in 30-to 60-year-olds. Rest is the fundamental approach to recuperate this condition. In minor wounds, rest, ice and calming medications can enhance the elbow. In more constant cases, a specialist might be required alongside a break from the game. Lower arm fortifying activities and elbow props are the most ideal approach to anticipate elbow wounds. Sciatica
Sciatica, which is lower-back agony that spans down into the legs, can influence competitors who partake in cycling, running, golf, tennis and baseball. Protruding circles and back fits are different sorts of lower-back torment that competitors regularly persevere. Sciatica is most regularly brought about by despicable extending, yet runners can likewise encounter it on the off chance that they have one leg that is somewhat longer than the other. Sciatica and protruding circles require brisk medicinal consideration from a specialist, yet back fits can be treated with rest, ice and mitigating solution. Hamstring Strain
A strain is a muscle or ligament harm. There are three muscles behind the knee that make up the hamstring. They are frequently "pulled" when a competitor is abusing or overstretching the muscle. The torment is brought on by tears in the muscles or ligaments. Some of the time wounding can happen in pulled hamstrings. Exercises like jumping or
IJOrN (2016) 8-10 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 8
International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing Vol. 2: Issue 2
www.journalspub.com
Knee Arthroscopy: A Report
Sulinder Singh Khalsa College of Nursing, Amritsar, Punjab
BACKGROUND
Knee arthroscopy is a surgical strategy that can analyze and treat issues in the knee joint. Amid the strategy, your specialist will make a little entry point and embed a small camera called an arthroscope into your knee. This permits them to see within the joint on a screen. The specialist can then examine an issue with the knee and, if vital, adjust the issue utilizing little instruments inside the arthroscope. Arthroscopy analyzes a few knee issues, for example, a torn meniscus or a misaligned patella (kneecap). It can likewise repair the tendons of the joint.[1] There are constrained dangers to the methodology and the standpoint is useful for generally patients. Your recuperation time and guess will rely on upon the seriousness of the knee issue and the multifaceted nature of the required strategy. NEED OF KNEE ARTHROSCOPY
Your specialist may prescribe that you experience a knee arthroscopy in case you're encountering knee torment. Your specialist may have as of now analyzed the condition bringing about your agony, or they may arrange the arthroscopy to discover a finding.[2] In either case, an arthroscopy is a helpful path for specialists to affirm the wellspring of knee torment and treat the issue. Arthroscopic surgery can diagnose and treat knee injuries, including: Torn foremost or back cruciate tendons Torn meniscus (the ligament between
the bones in the knee)
Patella that is out of position Pieces of torn ligament that are free in
the joint Removal of a Baker's blister Fractures in the knee bones Swollen synovium (the covering in the
joint)
Preparing for Knee Arthroscopy
Your specialist or specialist will encourage you how to plan for your surgery. Make sure to enlighten them concerning any remedies, over-the-counter drugs, or supplements that you're presently taking. You may need to quit taking certain drugs, for example, headache medicine or ibuprofen, for a considerable length of time or days before the technique. You should likewise shun eating or drinking for six to 12 hours before the surgery. Now and again, your specialist may endorse you a torment prescription for any distress you encounter after the surgery.[3,4] You ought to fill this medicine early with the goal that you have it prepared after the system. Procedure for Knee Arthroscopy
Doctor will give an anesthetic before knee arthroscopy. This may be: Local (numbs your knee as it were) Regional (numbs you starting from the
waist) General (puts you totally to rest) In case you are conscious, you might have the capacity to watch the method on a screen. The specialist will start by making a couple of little cuts, or cuts, in your
IJOrN (2016) 11-15 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 11
International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing Vol. 2: Issue 2
www.journalspub.com
Injuries of Ankles and Their Treatment
Amit Sharma* Punjab Public College of Nursing, Bhatinda, Punjab, India
ABSTRACT
Ankle injuries are frequently considered as games injuries. However, you do not need to be a competitor or even an “end of the week warrior” to turn your lower leg and hurt it. Something as basic as strolling on an uneven surface can bring about an agonizing, crippling sprain.
Keywords: ankle, sprain, treatment
INTRODUCTION
Ankle injuries can transpire at any age. In any case, men somewhere around 15 and 24 years of age have higher rates of lower leg sprain, contrasted with ladies more established than age 30 who have higher rates than men. Half of all lower leg sprains happen amid an athletic movement. The most well-known lower leg wounds are sprains and fractures, which include tendons and bones in the lower leg. Be that as it may, you can likewise tear or strain a ligament. KINDS OF ANKLE INJURIES
Sprains, Strains, and Fractures
Ankle injuries are defined by the kind of tissue – bone, ligament, or tendon – that is damaged. The lower leg is the place three bones meet – the tibia and fibula of your lower leg with the bone of your foot. These bones are held together at the lower leg joint by tendons, which are solid flexible groups of connective tissue that keep the bones set up while permitting ordinary lower leg movement. Ligaments append muscles to the issues that remain to be worked out the work of making the lower leg and foot move, and keep the joints stable.
A fracture portrays a break in at least one of the bones. A sprain is the term that portrays harm to tendons when they are extended past their ordinary scope of movement. A tendon sprain can go from numerous minute tears in the strands that contain the tendon to a total tear or burst. A strain alludes to harm to muscles and ligaments as an aftereffect of being pulled or extended too far. Muscle and ligament strains are more normal in the legs and lower back. In the lower leg, there are two ligaments that are frequently strained. These are the peroneal ligaments, and they settle and ensure the ankle.[1,2] They can get to be excited as an aftereffect of abuse or injury. Intense ligament tears result from a sudden injury or constrain. The irritation of a ligament is called tendinitis. Tiny ligament tears that gather after some time, in view of being more than once over extended, and don't mend legitimately prompt to a condition called tendinosis. Ligaments can likewise break. Subluxation alludes to a ligament that slips strange. Causes of Ankle Injuries
An ankle injury happens when the lower leg joint is turned too far out of its
IJOrN (2016) 16-17 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 16
International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing Vol. 2: Issue 2
www.journalspub.com
Degenerative Disc Diseases
Sulinder Singh Khalsa College of Nursing, Amritsar, Punjab, India
BACKGROUND
Degenerative illness is the consequence of a constant procedure in view of degenerative cell changes, influencing tissues or organs, which will progressively disintegrate after some time, whether because of ordinary substantial wear or way of life decisions, for example, practice or eating habits.[1] Degenerative ailments are frequently appeared differently in relation to irresistible maladies. As plates lose their water content due to ailment or age, they lose their stature, uniting the vertebrae. Subsequently, the nerve openings in your spine turn out to be more restricted. At the point when this happens, the plates don't retain the stuns also, especially when you are strolling, running, or bouncing. Wear and tear, poor stance, and inaccurate body developments can likewise debilitate the circle, creating plate degeneration. For a few of us, degenerative circle illness is a piece of the characteristic procedure of becoming more seasoned. As we age, our intervertebral circles can lose their adaptability, flexibility, and stun engrossing attributes. For others, degenerative plate illness can come from harm to the back. There are a few manifestations that are genuinely reliable for individuals with lower back agony or neck torment from degenerative circle illness, including: Pain that is generally identified with
action and will erupt now and again however then come back to a second rate torment level, or the agony will leave totally.
The measure of interminable torment alluded to as the patient's pattern level
of torment is very factor amongst people and can run from no torment/only a bothering level of aggravation, to extreme and incapacitating torment.
Severe scenes of back or neck torment that will by and large last from a couple days to a couple of months before coming back to the individual's gauge level of incessant agony.
Chronic torment that is totally crippling from degenerative circle malady happens now and again, yet is moderately uncommon.
The diagnosis of degenerative disc disease begins with a physical examination of the body, with special attention paid to the back and lower extremities. The finding of degenerative circle malady starts with a physical examination of the body, with exceptional consideration paid to the back and brings down extremities.[2] Your specialist will look at your back for adaptability, scope of movement, and the nearness of specific signs that propose that your nerve roots are being influenced by degenerative changes in your back. This frequently includes testing the quality of your muscles and your reflexes to ensure that they are as yet working ordinarily. You will frequently be requested that round out an outline that solicits you where your manifestations from agony, deadness, shivering, and shortcoming are happening. X-beams or attractive reverberation imaging (MRI) might be requested.[3]
International Journal ofOrthopedic Nursing
Jul–DEC 2016 IJOrN
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