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Introduction and Development of the Community-flow Measurement Instrument
Randall A. (Randy) Cantrell, PhDand
Amanda P. Stafford
Housing and Community DevelopmentCollege of Agriculture and Life Sciences
& Institute for Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Florida
Community-flow
• Living in close proximity to other families can be challenging
• What individual factors might help to improve these relationships
• Contribution: Measuring the individual factors collectively
• There is a field beyond all notions of right and wrong. Come, meet
me there. --Rumi, poet and
mystic (1207-1273)
• Successful communities proactively address these difficult issues
Research
Motivation
3
Conceptual Model
• It is a non-technical introduction to Community-flow
• Statistical outcomes are listed but not intended for discussion
– please refer to the publication in the JCD for statistical details
3
Notes on Today’s Presentation
Multiple Regression Results for Increasing
Community-flowHypothesis Community-flow
FactorsVariable
LabelStepwisep-value
H1a Neighborhood_a NEIGHBORHD_a .003H1b Neighborhood_b NEIGHBORHD_b .000H1c Neighborhood_c NEIGHBORHD_c Not supportedH1d Neighborhood_b NEIGHBORHD_d .026H1e Neighborhood_e NEIGHBORHD_e .004H2a Schools_a SCHOOLS_a Not supportedH2b Schools_b SCHOOLS_b Not supportedH2c Schools_c SCHOOLS_c Not supportedH2d Schools_d SCHOOLS_d Not supportedH3a Public Services_a PUBSERV_a .044H3b Public Services_b PUBSERV_b .000H3c Public Services_c PUBSERV_c Not supported
Model Summary for the Variation
Explaining Community-flow Factor Descriptors Adjusted
R SquareEstimate
S.E.VariationExplained
H1b Neighborhood_b ordinance enforcement
.126 2.161 .126
H3b Public Services_b community-sponsored events
.191 2.080 .065
H3a Public Services_a citizen interaction programs
.232 2.026 .041
H1e Neighborhood_e open areas and pathways
.259 .1990 .027
H1a Neighborhood_a safety and security .269 1.977 .010
H1d Neighborhood_d traffic enforcement .278 1.970 .009
COMMUNITY-FLOW = [18.51, 18.62]COMMUNITY-FLOW = 5.963 + .390 NEIGHBORBORHD_a + .701 NEIGHBORBORHD_b
+ .279 NEIGHBORBORHD_d + .376 NEIGHBORBORHD_e
+ .285 PUBSERV_a + .529 PUBSERV_b ± e
COMMUNITY-FLOW = 5.963 + .390*3.947 + .701*4.773
+ .279*4.349 + .376*5.331
+ .285*5.298 + .529*5.656 ± .048
•where: NEIGHBORHD_a = safety and security NEIGHBORHD_b = ordinance enforcement NEIGHBORHD_d = traffic enforcement NEIGHBORHD_e = open areas and pathways PUBSERV_a = citizen interaction programs PUBSERV_b = community-sponsored events e = error term
Model and Calculated
Community-flow Values
Items Representing
the Significant Factor
H1b Neighborhood_b
“Peace of Mind”
NEIGHBORHOOD Items for Communities to “Consider”…Ordinances
9Adapted from University of Florida Extension Materials
10Adapted from University of Florida Extension Materials
NEIGHBORHOOD Items for Communities to “Consider”…Ordinances
(continued)
11Adapted from University of Florida Extension Materials
NEIGHBORHOOD Items for Communities to “Consider”…Security
Items Representing
the Significant Factor
H3 Public Services_b
“Community-Sponsored Events”
PUBLIC SERVICE Items for Communities to “Consider”…Locally Sponsored Events
13
14Adapted from University of Florida Extension Materials
PUBLIC SERVICE Items for Communities to “Consider”…Up-to-Date Website
15Adapted from University of Florida Extension Materials
PUBLIC SERVICE Items for Communities to “Consider”…Maintained/Safe
Center
16Adapted from 1) University of Florida Extension Materials and 2) Denver Movies Under the Stars
PUBLIC SERVICE Items for Communities to “Consider”…Arts and
Performances
Items Representing
the Significant Factor
H3a Public Services_a
“Citizen Interaction Programs”
18Adapted from University of Florida Extension Materials
PUBLIC SERVICE Items for Communities to “Consider”…Youth Growth
19Adapted from University of Florida Extension Materials
NEIGHBORHOOD Items for Communities to “Consider”…Organized
Recreation
• Community-flow highlights ways in which we can strive to keep US
homeowners living together within neighborhoods in a relatively
peaceful state
• US homeowners generally believe their communities can be
improved upon by focusing on areas related to:
– the reporting and enforcement of ordinances that currently exist
– increasing the number of community-sponsored events
– Increasing the number of citizen-interaction programs2
Conclusions
Regarding Significant Items
Conspicuously Missing are
Public-School Factors,
which were all Found to be
Statistically Non-Significant???
“Public School Items”
PUBLIC SCHOOL Items for Communities to “Consider”…Pride
22Adapted from University of Florida Extension Materials
23Adapted from University of Florida Extension Materials
PUBLIC SCHOOL Items for Communities to “Consider”…Security
24Adapted from University of Florida Extension Materials
PUBLIC SCHOOL Items for Communities to “Consider”…Codes
25Adapted from University of Florida Extension Materials
PUBLIC SCHOOL Items for Communities to “Consider”…Involvement
26Adapted from University of Florida Extension Materials
PUBLIC SCHOOL Items for Communities to “Consider”…Community
PUBLIC SCHOOL Items for Communities to “Consider”…Alternative Programs
27Adapted from University of Florida Extension Materials
28Adapted from University of Florida Extension Materials
PUBLIC SCHOOL Items for Communities to “Consider”…Health
29Adapted from University of Florida Extension Materials
PUBLIC SCHOOL Items for Communities to “Consider”…Nutrition
30Adapted from 1) University of Florida Extension Materials 2) Clayton/ Deer Park Historical Society
PUBLIC SCHOOL Items for Communities to “Consider”…Shared Use
• Public school systems may be distancing themselves from their
clientele because of:
– a lack in adherence to a client-driven business model
– over adherence to complicated, bureaucratic national standards
– parents feeling a lack of empowerment (i.e., blind faith)
2
Conclusions
Regarding Public School Items