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IT for Decision Makers
Modernizing GovernmentThe eGovernance Opportunity
By Taholo Kami for UNESCO
2002
Vision
Improving the Quality of life of the people of the nation and create a
more effective private sector through better delivery of
Government services.
Why Modernize?
An opportunity to focus policy making on the needs of the People / Users of Public Service NOT the Providers
Greater integration in approach to development of Government Policy
Optimize Information & Communications Technology Opportunities towards more efficient and effective use of resources
What is eGovernance?
"the ability to obtain government services through nontraditional electronic means,
enabling access to government information and the completion of
government transaction on an anywhere, any time basis and in conformance with
equal access requirement.”Inter American Development Bank
eGovernance in the Pacific
For Pacific Island Countries - eGovernance has greater national development implications because of Government’s role as the major employer making it a major catalyst for
leadership in innovation and ICT usagestimulating IT adoption at all levels of
societyCreating a culture that is information
driven
“e” in Goverment
e for Electronic / digital e for EFFECTIVE - do the right thing e for EFFICIENT - do it the right way e for EMPOWERMENT – greater participation in
governance process. e for ENTERPRISE - initiative, innovation
We must begin breaking a Government Digital Divide Recognize that timely and accurate Information
is the engine for the Modernization Process
eGovernance will involve?
Government Legislative / Executive / Policy making bodies
Government Employees Citizens Private Sector
eCitizens
eGovernmenteCommerce
eGovernance for an eSociety
Global- Commerce
GovernmentsCitizens
People
GovernmentBusiness
Note: The proportion of electronically enabled portion of each domestic grouping is extremely limited. In terms of the people it is below 1-2% of the population
International Link
Limited National IT Capacity
The need for Government Leadership in IT Sector
Government is the major catalyst: Its usage or adoption of IT capacity improves its
ability to develop relevant policy for an information economy.
Largest Employer Impacts all sectors of the economyCritical development agentWithout relevant policies Private Sector is a
reluctant advisor
Towards a Knowledge based Government
Doing the RIGHT things RIGHT - Improve the ability to plan, implement, monitor and react
Timely access to shared and integrated information resources by Government departments and citizens, communities and private sector.
Continuous improvement….Reduction in overlap and duplication
between different levels of Government
Interpret &Analyze
Data
Knowledge
Information
Gather, Organize, Store and Deliver
Action
The Knowledge Pyramid
A Knowledge based Government
Puts a Premium on initiative and innovation
A motivated public serviceReduced burden of reporting Enhanced Information tools for policy
makingEnhanced citizen and community
involvement in Government issues.
ACTIONS for a eGovernment Strategy
1. Making Government Accessible
Empower the Information Provider – recognize existing networks Civil society, Churches, Communities, Institutions
Phased approach due to costs and limited infrastructure Grow access / usage of Internet
Cost reduction at telecom level Cyber booths – integrated approaches Public / Private (Police
Posts) Learning Centers, Mobile Training Units. IT capacity - awareness, basic skills, technical / expert
Government Portal - Electronic services Develop systems that cater for improving information
needs
Example of Public Access to Government Services
One Stop Portal
Access via •Internet•Booths / Kiosks•Government Offices
Some Services...•News / Briefings•Policy Input •Complaints•Death / Marriage Registrations•Update Personal Info•Tax issues•Pay Bills •Land registrar•Update on status ofprevious service requests•Training
Private / Publicinitiative
•Trained Agents•Affordable charges
Call CenterNews LettersMail / Forms
Example 1 - People Access
India - Gyandoot Project: 32 Kiosks on Intranet - Community Owned Information - Government news / available
grants, Land Records File Complaints (7 day turn around) Applications / registrations (10 day turn around) Prices of Agriculture Produce Auction site for village items.
Example 2: People Access
Education and Government Access Costa Rica
Refabricated Shipping Containers Virtual Computer lab and Communications
center• Government Information and Access• Education / training - skills• Health Education• market information• General communications• Entertainment
2. People Development
Enable / Empower Government Employees Leadership in innovation / excellence Information driven / responsive to
information Management excellence Cross sectoral Action Teams Output driven Culture of Service
Government becomes Learning Organization
Continuous Training and Development Learn from Past performance Staff development as a priority
Utilize existing institutions Support learning / achievement through
reward processDevelop visible benchmarks to measure
success – (all level 5 Government employees will have abc skills by 2003)
Adapting to an information Culture
NOTE: The biggest challenge is bringing employees along with IT Strategy – not buying computers. An IT strategy cannot begin if employees are not involved!
Recognize Double Cultures Leadership – communicate objectives and value
- Transparency- Clear Vision / Goals
Education and Awareness Participation: formulation / implementation Rewards (Value)
Peer recognition Output / Achievement Driven
Highlight and replicate successes
Remember Change is A PROCESS and NOT achieved Remember Change is A PROCESS and NOT achieved overnight or with the purchase of new overnight or with the purchase of new
computers!computers!
Transparency / Accountability
IT applications offer opportunities for transparency in the Governance
process. Investigate Government Procedures / service delivery at all levels and
identify reporting mechanisms that can be improved with appropriate IT applications.
Prioritize projects that improve transparency Government procurement Collections – customs Appointments and Entitlements
Monitor reactions to complaints / requests / appointments from users Monitor employee performance
Example 1. Transparency
Argentina - Cristal Website was empowered by Fiscal Responsibility Legislation to make the following information available to PUBLIC.
The website enables citizens to access; execution of budgets, to the lowest level of disaggregation purchase orders and public contracts payment orders submitted to the National Treasury and other
treasuries of the National Pubic Administration payments issued by the National Treasury and other
treasuries of the National Public Administration financial and employment data concerning permanent and
contracted staff, and those working for projects financed by multilateral organizations
3. Quality of Service
How do we improve internal effectiveness?Can we ensure delivery of services is driven
by the needs of the user?devise policies and programs from
information from all interested users (public, various departments)
Examine opportunities for "paperless” interaction Authentic Email communication policies Means for public to access and contribute to
issues
4. Cost Effectiveness
Less paper / bureaucracy Faster turn around on public
interaction: applications / registrations / requests
Electronic Institutional Memory Inventory of past and current projects
and activities Avoids duplication
5. Technology Issues
Infrastructure - Integrated Approach Government Intranet National Backbone Infrastructure
Health, eCommerce, Education, Agriculture, etcShared strategy for International Internet access.
Borderless Integration / Compatibility between Government IT applications. Networks , Data /Files, Teams
Common Protocols Security, Networking, Software / hardware.
Remember
Modernizing is a PROCESS and will take time
Strategy must be People centered - IT Driven
Where do we Start?
•National Vision and Development Objectives – IT is an enabler not an end and should ensure more effective fulfillment of national development activities. •Develop a Comprehensive and concise National IT Strategy • Ensure Actionable Goals •Encouraging Ministries and Departments to investigate priorities for e initiatives within their activities. •Identify existing IT initiatives, databases, expertise
Strategy
Coordinate and implement standards that enable compatibility across government with software, hardware, access and security protocols and user interfaces.
Leverage Resources for priority pilot projects that develop - Interdepartmental cooperation - Demonstrate significant cost savings and
achievements- Improve end user services
Strategy
Examine opportunities to replicate applications and insist on portability / component approach
In each ministry, senior person given responsibility for developing IT strategy and coordination with other units (Champions)
Develop key User groups for continuous feedback on services. User groups include executive, Government employees, Citizen groups, Business users.
National StrategyDevelop and grow ICT capacity along national core
competencies or national priority sectors Information is borderless - ICT
applications/approaches can be used across departments, ministries, districts, countries.
Be aware of the Globalization Impact of IT – avoid the labor market of the IT industry! Eg 1. Call centers – mobile global industry come today and
gone tomorrow Eg. 2. time zone will not matter in global picture - cost and
quality of services will determine sustainability
Conclusion
eGovernance is not a choice It is essential to national development Drives participation in a Global economy
Leadership will drive a knowledge based culture
Within Government and,By Government in terms of IT usage, regulation /policy
Ensure opportunities are available for rural or less privileged sectors of the population to participate.
Some Benchmarks / Goals
Some examples of broad and measurable benchmarks for a strategy. EVERY Government employee Level 1-4 will be
able to utilize the web for email and to access information via a shared intranet by December 200_???
All new Government Employees will be able to will have basic IT training including Internet and networking skills by ______?
Government departments will provide an IT strategy outlining clear objectives, inputs and outputs by ………..!_______