A Business Protocol Unit Testing Framework for Web Service Composition

Jian Yu, Jun Han, Steven Gunarso, Steve Versteeg

Faculty of ICT

Swinburne University of Technology

Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Background and research issues Contribution overview The PROPOLS protocol specification language The unit testing approach and the framework Conclusion

Agenda

2 - CAISE 2013 @ Valencia, Spain

Web of Pages - text, manually created links - extensive navigation

2007

1997

Web of Resources - dynamically generated pages - data, services, mashups - web query interfaces

Web of People - social networks, user-created casual content - Facebook, Renren, Linkedin....

Web of Things

2009 - physical objects connect and interact over the Internet

- RFID, 2D barcode, sensors, SOA- Smart cities/homes, object

tracking/recalling, environment monitoring….

The Evolution of the Web

3 - CAISE 2013 @ Valencia, Spain

Web services

4 - CAISE 2013 @ Valencia, Spain

WebService Service

WSDL/SOAP/HTTP

Service

BPEL process (encapsulated as a service)

Unit: the smallest testable parts of a software system A unit needs to have clearly defined interface Testing is conducted around the interface

Unit testing

5 - CAISE 2013 @ Valencia, Spain

http://sourcemaking.com/refactoring/extract-interface

Business protocol as part of the interface

6 - CAISE 2013 @ Valencia, Spain

Customer Manufacturer (PUT) Bank

Place Order Check Order

Confirm OrderReject Orderxor

Deposit Payment

Notify Payment Arrival

Process OrderNotify Order Fulfilled

Login (max 3 tries)

Notify Payment

Order Received

How to facilitate the testing of business protocols between units (Web services)?

Primitive approach: hard code the protocol in programs: rigid, time-consuming, error-prone

Research issue

7 - CAISE 2013 @ Valencia, Spain

PUT: Process-Under-Test

How to test a service unit if its partner services are not available?

Declarative specification of protocol interface between services, and a framework to support the unit testing of defined protocol interface

Contribution overview

8 - CAISE 2013 @ Valencia, Spain

PROPOLS: Property Specification Pattern Ontology Language for Service Composition

A light-weight, declarative, temporal and causal dependency specification language

Based on Dwyer et al’s Property Specification Patterns (PSP) has a FSA-based semantics Encoded in Web Ontology Language

The protocol interface specification language: PROPOLS

9 - CAISE 2013 @ Valencia, Spain

PROPOLS basic expressions

pattern scope

10 - CAISE 2013 @ Valencia, Spain

Scenario & PROPOLS Examples

Manufacturer

$

Bank Client

Order

Validate

Confirm

Cancel xor

Deposit

Deposited

Process

Fulfilled

PayPaid

Hard Credit Rule

1. The received order must be validated:

Manufacturer.ReceiveOrder

Leads to

Manufacturer.ValidateOrder Globally

2. Payment must be deposited before order processing starts

Bank.Deposit

Precedes

Manufacturer.StartOrderProcessing

Globally

11 - CAISE 2013 @ Valencia, Spain

PROPOLS composite expressions

isa

(Customer.getConfirmNotification Exists GloballyXor Customer.getCancelNotifcation Exists Globally)

12 - CAISE 2013 @ Valencia, Spain

S is the Cartesian product A.S × B.S, s0 is the tuple (A.s0, B.s0), L is the union A.L B.L,

δ is {((a1, b1), l, (a2, b2)) | (a1,l,a2)∈A.δ (b1,l,b2)∈b.δ}, F is {(s1, s2) ∈S | s1∈A.F s2∈B.F}.

Composite expression semantics

13 - CAISE 2013 @ Valencia, Spain

A: P exists globally

B: Q exists globally

The PROPOLS Ontology

14

Error detection Error state reached in a defined FSA Any FSA in a non-final state when testing sequence finishes

Error detection condition

15 - CAISE 2013 @ Valencia, Spain

P: Manfacturer.LoginQ: Manufacturer.PlaceOrder

A composite partner service and the mock of partner services

A preliminary solution to the 2nd issue

16 - CAISE 2013 @ Valencia, Spain

Approach revisit

17 - CAISE 2013 @ Valencia, Spain

Step 1 (specification) tool support

18 - CAISE 2013 @ Valencia, Spain

1. PUT to Java mapping 2. Mock object setup

Manually define the request message

3. Test case definition Manually done

Step 2 (testing framework setup)

19 - CAISE 2013 @ Valencia, Spain

Test case definition GUI

20 - CAISE 2013 @ Valencia, Spain

Testing results GUI

21 - CAISE 2013 @ Valencia, Spain

As far as we know, it’s the first testing framework to facilitate the unit testing of protocol interface between web services. All the other frameworks focus on test case programming

An approach to declaratively specify the service protocol interface between services and its associated framework software

Future work Integrating automatic test case generation techniques Partner service behavior emulation

Conclusion

22 - CAISE 2013 @ Valencia, Spain