Kingdom Protista

Anything but a prokaryote, fungus, plant or animal!

Protozoansanimal-like because they do not have a cell wall, heterotrophic & most have a structure for movement NOT like animals because they are single-celled

Types Example How they move

Zooflagellates Trypanosoma- causes African Sleeping Sickness- Tsetse flies transmit it

Flagella- whiplike extension

Sarcodines Amoeba Pseudopod

Ciliates Paramecium Cilia

Sporozoans Plasmodium-causes Malaria transmitted by mosquitoes- RBC bursts

Non-motile-no structures for movement

Trypanosoma gambiense

Giardia lambila

http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dpd/parasites/leishmania/factsht_leishmania.htm

Leishmania transmitted by sand flies

Flagellate Video Clip- only problem is Euglena it has flagella but is classified as a type of algae now!

• Protists\flagellates.asf

Amoeba proteus

Sarcodines Video Clip

• Protists\sarcodines.asf

Paramecium

Stentor

Ciliates Video Clip

• Protists\ciliates.asf

Plasmodium malariae

Algaeplant-like because they have cell walls and are autotrophicNOT like plants because some algae are single-celledand the multicellular algae DO NOT have the complex structures that plants do such as roots, stems, and leaves….also the cell wall composition can be different as well.

• Red Algae- Rhodophyta• Brown Algae- Phaeophyta• Green Algae- Chlorophyta• Euglena- Euglenophyta• Golden Algae- Chrysophyta

– Diatoms- in class Bacillariophyceae• Dinoflagellates- Pyrrophyta

Rhodophyta-usually deeper in the ocean

                                                 

Phaeophyta-usually floating near the surface

Elk kelp (Pelagophycus porra)

Chlorophyta Volvox

Euglena- hard to classify because it has characteristics of BOTH plant-like AND animal-like protists

Chrysophyta

Many have silica in the cell walls

(Diatoms are in class Bacillariophyceae- your book

lists it in a separate phylum)

Pyrrophyta (dinoflagellates) causes red tides which kill other organisms and can harm us too! G. Gonyaulax

Karenia brevis

They produce a potent neurotoxin

Fungus-like• Fungus-like because they are heterotrophic-

food breakdown outside cell and they absorb the nutrients, they act as decomposers- of dead/decaying matter, and grow in damp environments

• Not like fungus because these protists DO NOT have chitin in their cell walls, they have centrioles-(which help separate chromosomes during cell division) and some can move during their lifetime

• Examples– cellular slime molds– acellular slime molds– water molds

cellular slime moldsMost are single-celled and are like amoebas in the soil

They can when needed come together in a large colony and work together

ACELLULAR SLIME MOLDS Like amoebas but when they come together the cells fuse and are known as Plasmodial slime molds

Phytophthora infestans- 1846- close to 1million people died and another million emigrated to the US because this water mold infected the main crop

WATER MOLDS

How are protozoans classified?How are algae classified?

How are fungus-like protists classified?

Why are these organisms NOT in the other Kingdoms?

Why are these organisms SIMILAR to organisms in the other

kingdoms?