Lab 13Coniferophyta, Gnetophyta

Coniferophyta

• General features of the seed plants• Common name: Conifers• Synonyms: Pinophyta• Sporophytes: Monoecious or

dioecious; trees, shrubs• Strobili: Simple or clustered pollen

cone; compound seed cone with ovules on cone scales

Coniferophyta

• Undulipodia (“flagella”): None• Representative genera: Abies, Cedrus, Juniperus, Metasequoia, Picea, Pinus, Podocarpus, Sequoia, Sequoiadendron, Taxodium

• Recognized by: Compound seed cones, needle or scale leaves

Juniper branches

Coniferophyta

Pine branches

Coniferophyta

Podocarpus

Coniferophyta

Microsporangiate strobili

Coniferophyta

Megasporangiate strobili

Coniferophyta

Pinus fertilization

Coniferophyta

Pinus wood

Coniferophyta

Pinus leaf

Coniferophyta

Pinus pollen cone

Coniferophyta

Pinus pollen tubes

Coniferophyta

Pinus young ovulate cone

Coniferophyta

Pinus young ovulate cone

Coniferophyta

Pinus mature embryo

Coniferophyta

Pine seeds for dissection

Coniferophyta

Conifer seedlings from Lab 2

Coniferophyta

Gnetophyta

• General features of the seed plants• Common name: Gnetophytes• Synonyms: None• Sporophytes: Dioecious; shrubs, vines• Strobili: Compound pollen cone; seed

cone with 1-2 ovules

Gnetophyta

• Undulipodia (“flagella”): None• Representative genera: Ephedra, Gnetum, Welwitschia

• Recognized by: Compound pollen cones, opposite leaves

Ephedra

Gnetophyta

Ephedra pollen cone

Gnetophyta

Ephedra pollen cone

Gnetophyta

Ephedra seed cone

Gnetophyta