Lake Shkoder Transboundary Diagnostics AnalysisA COMPA NY OF [email protected] E-mail...

Lake Shkoder Transboundary Diagnostics Analysis

Albania & Montenegro

World Bank (IBRD)

20 April 2006 Final Report: Annexes 9P6515

A COMPA NY OF

Document title Lake Shkoder Transboundary Diagnostics Analysis

Albania & Montenegro Document short title Lake Shkoder TDA

Status Final Report: Annexes Date 20 April 2006

Project name Lake Shkoder Transboundary Diagnostics Analysis

Project number 9P6515 Author(s) Frank Keukelaar (NL), Ad de Goffau (NL),

Trilokya Pradhan (NL), Guus Sutmuller (NL), Ana Misurovic (MN), Stanisa Ivanovic (MN), Borislav Uskokovic (MN), Agron Hetoja (Al), Enio Haxhimihali (Al), Arqile Prifti (Al), Eqerem Kapidani (Al), Lefter Kashta (Al), Al-exandra Gulan (S)

Client World Bank (IBRD) Ref erence 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm

Barbarossastraat 35

P.O. Box 151 Nijmegen 6500 AD

The Netherlands

+31 (0)24 328 42 84 Telephone 0031-24-323 1603 Fax

[email protected] E-mail www.royalhaskoning.com Internet

Arnhem 09122561 CoC

HASKONING NEDERLAND B.V.

WATER

A COMPA NY OF

ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ACER = Albanian Center for Economic Research Alb. = Albania a.s.l. = above sea level (Adriatic Sea) BOD = Biological Oxigen Demand CARDS = Community Assistance for Reconstruction, Development and Sta-

bilisation CETI = Ju Centar za Ekotoksikoloska Ispitivanja Crne Gore (Center for

Ecotoxicological Research of Montenegro) COD = Chemical Oxygen Demand COOPI = Cooperazione Internazionale (Italia) EAR = European Agency for Reconstruction EC = European Commission EEA = European Environment Agency EIA = Environmental Impact Assessment EU = European Union FMO = Fishery Management Organisation Geozavod = Institute for Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, Serbia and

Montenegro GIS = Geographic Information System HMI = Hydrometeorological Institute (Albania, Montenegro)) IBRD = International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World

Bank) IEE = Initial Environmental Examination IPPC = Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control IUCN = International Union for the Conservation of Nature KAP = Kombinat Aluminijuma Podgorica (aluminium factory) KNMI = Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Institute MAFWR = Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Resources MEPPP = Ministry of Environmental Protection and Physical Planning (M.N.) M.N. = Montenegro MoE = Ministry of Environment (MoE) MoU = Memorandum of Understanding MPAS = Methylene Blue Active Surfactants (detergents) NGO = Non-Governmental Organisation NPMN = National Parks of Montenegro PIU = Project Implementation Unit POP = Persistent Organic Pollutants (e.g. DDT, PCB) PPU = Project Preparation Unit RBMP = River Basin Management Plan REA = Regional Environmental Agency (Albania) REC = Regional Environmental Center REReP = Regional Environmental Reconstruction Programme RH = Royal Haskoning, Dutch consultancy f irm RS = Remote Sensing SAP = Strategic Action Plan (Lake Shkoder/ Skadar) SNP = Skadar Lake National Park TDA = Transboundary Diagnostics Analysis ToR = Terms of Reference UMN = University of Montenegro UNEP = United Nations Environment Programme UNDP = United Nations Development Programme USAID = United States Agency for International Development WB = World Bank WFD = Water Framework Directive (European Union) WHO = World Health Organisation WWF = World Wide Fund for Nature

Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes - i - 20 April 2006

ANNEXES I People met by the team leader II Diary and meetings team leader during mission 1, 2 and 3 III Approaches to lake management IV KAP (aluminium factory Podgorica) data V Industrial and municipal wastewater VI Surface water quality VII Suspended matter quality VIII Sediment and soil quality IX Groundwater quality X KAP-related pollution studies XI Accumulation of pollutants in biota XII Classif ication of waters in Montenegro XIII Fish data XIV Aquatic f lora XV Birds census XVI Bird migration corridors XVII Food spectrum of waterfowl XVIII Memorandum of Understanding in the f ield of environment between Albania and

Montenegro XIX Agreement between Macedonia and Albania for the protection and sustainable

development of Lake Ohrid and its watershed XX General economic indicators for Albania and Montenegro XXI Maps from the Draft Strategy of the Physical Plan for Montenegro 2006-2026

Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes I - 1 20 April 2006

Annex I People met by the team leader Name Institute Position Contact details Vukicevic, Borislav

Geozavod

General manager Karadordeva 48 Belgrade Serbia and Montenegro Tel. +381 11 180-931 Fax +381 11 638-241 [email protected]

Damnjanovic, Dobrica

Geozavod

Manager Dept. of Engi-neering Geology

Karadordeva 48 Belgrade Serbia and Montenegro Tel. +381 11 180-931 Fax +381 11 638-241 [email protected]

Gulan, Aleksandra

Geozavod

Senior Engineer Karadordeva 48 Belgrade Serbia and Montenegro Tel. +381 11 638-241 Fax +381 11 638-241 alex [email protected]

Misurovic, Ana

Ecotoxological Center

Director UL. Put Radomira Ivanovica 2 81000 Podgorica Serbia and Montenegro Tel. +381 81 658-090 Fax +381 81/658-092 [email protected]; [email protected]

Ivanovic, Stanisa

University of Montene-gro

Professor at the Faculty of Civil Engineering

81000 Podgorica Serbia and Montenegro Tel. +381 81 244 905 Fax +381 81 241 903 [email protected]

Uskokovic, Borislav

University of Montene-gro

Professor at the Faculty of Economics

81000 Podgorica Serbia and Montenegro Tel. +381 81 241-138 Fax +381 81 241-757

Bulic, Zlato

Institute for the Protec-tion of Nature

Director 81000 Podgorica

Buskovic, Vasilije

Institute for the Protec-tion of Nature

Senior Consultant and specialist on the ecology of lake Shkoder

Manastirska 64 81000 Podgorica Serbia and Montenegro Tel. +381 81 269218 [email protected]

Mitrovic, Luka

Hydrometeorological Institute

Director 81000 Podgorica Serbia and Montenegro Tel. +381 81 247 973 Fax +381 81 247 974 [email protected]

9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Lake Shkoder TDA 20 April 2006 I - 2 Final Report: Annexes

Name Institute Position Contact details Mrdak, Zoran

National Park of the Skadar Lake

Director Trg Bozane Vucinic bb 81000 Podgorica, Serbia and Montenegro Tel. +381-81 634 621 Fax + 381 81 634 810

Spahic, Nikola

Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water

Zgrada Vektre 81000 Podgorica Serbia and Montenegro Tel. +381 81 241-178 Fax +381 81 246 553 [email protected]

Vilotic, Srna Sudar

The Regional Envi-ronmental Center

Field Office Head Ivana Crnojeva 16/2 81000 Podgorica Serbia and Montenegro Tel. +381-81 210-235 sv [email protected]

Sukovic, Danijela

Ecotoxological Center

Assistant manager and Head of lab

UL. Put Radomira Ivanovica 2 81000 Podgorica Serbia and Montenegro Tel. +381 81 658-090 Fax +381 81 658-092 [email protected]

Radujkovic, Branko

Cetinjski put b.b.

Professor at Biology Dept.

P.O. Box 211 81000 Podgorica Serbia and Montenegro Tel. +381 81 264557 Fax +381 81 24816 [email protected]

Perovic, Sv etlana

University of Montene-gro, Dept. of Biology

PhD student in microbi-ology

81000 Podgorica Serbia and Montenegro

Subotic, Victor

Ministry of Environ-mental Protection and Physical Planning

81000 Podgorica Serbia and Montenegro

Hetoja, Agron

ACER Manager Tirana, Albania

Abeshi, Pellumb

Ministry of Environ-ment

Secretary General Rruga e Durresit, 27 Tirana, Albania Tel. +355 4 270623 Fax +355 4 270627 [email protected]

Dedej, Zamir


Director of Nature Pro-tection

Rruga e Durresit 27 Tirana, Albania Tel. +355 4 270 624 [email protected]

Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes I - 3 20 April 2006

Name Institute Position Contact details Kamberi, Mirela


Director of Pollution Pre-vention

Rruga e Durresit 27 Tirana, Albania Tel. +355 4 224 985 Fax +355 4 270 627 [email protected]

Panariti, Narin


Director of the Policy, Integration and legisla-tion Directory.

Rruga e Durresit 27 Tirana, Albania Tel. +355 4 224 996 Fax +355 4 270 627 [email protected]

Kashta, Lefter

ACER Biologist; Aquatic Ecolo-gist

Tirana, Albania

Kapidani, Eqerem

ACER Fisheries Specialist Tirana, Albania

Prifti, Arqile

ACER, ITNPM

Hydrologist Blloku Vasil Shanto Tirana, Albania Tel./Fax +355 4 235 834 [email protected]

Kristo, Roland

Ministry of Agriculture and Food Fishery Di-rectorate

Director Sheshi “Skenderberg” 2 Tirana, Albania Tel./Fax +355 4 228 621 [email protected]

Banja, Manjola

IHM Institute of Hydrometeorology

Deputy Director Durresi Street 219 Tirana, Albania Tel. +355 4 259360 Fax +355 4 223518 [email protected]

Adhami, Emirjeta


Head of Environmental Dept.

Durresi Street 219 Tirana, Albania Tel. +355 4 259360 Fax +355 4 223518 [email protected]

Sanxhaku, Mitat


Director Hydro-meteo Inst.

Durresi Street 219 Tirana, Albania Tel. +355 4 259360 Fax +355 4 223518 [email protected]

Qirjo, Tirana Mihallaq

REC Country Director Tirana, Albania

Hax himihali, Enio

ACER, ELPA

Env ironmental Law and Policy Specialist

Rr. Naim Frasheri 57 Tirana, Alania Tel. +355 4 257 797 Fax +355 4 237 494 [email protected]

Gjeta, Zef

ACER, FAO, Agricul-ture Univ. Tirana

FAO Agronomist Tirana, Albania

Bektesti, Adem

University of Shkroda

Env ironmental Chemist Shkodra, Albania Tel. +355 22 43525 Fax +355 22 43747

9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Lake Shkoder TDA 20 April 2006 I - 4 Final Report: Annexes

Name Institute Position Contact details Bushati, Nevila

University of Shkroda

Microbiologist Shkodra, Albania Tel. +355 22 43525 Fax +355 22 43747 nev [email protected]

Rakaj, Marash

University of Shkodra Phy toplancton Specialist Shkodra, Albania

Bejko, Diana

REC office Shkodra Shkodra, Albania

Osja, Ahmet

REA Shkodra, Albania

Zajs, Ilir

REA Shkodra, Albania

Leka, Ilia

Maize and Rice Insti-tute

Head of Lab L. Perash Rr. Sh. Bushati, 10 Shkodra, Albania Tel./Fax +355 224 2507

Miloti, Zhaneta

Maize and Rice Insti-tute

Head Analyst/ Biochem-ist

L. Perash Rr. Sh. Bushati, 10 Shkodra, Albania Tel./Fax +355 224 2507 00 355 692216543

Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes II - 1 20 April 2006

Annex II Diary and meetings team leader during mission 1, 2 and 3 Mission 1: from 9 to 20 May 2005 The follow ing diary of Frank Keukelaar (team leader, Royal Haskoning) lists the main activities during mission 1, that included visits to Serbia-Montenegro (9 May – 14 May: Belgrade, Podgorica and environs) and Albania (14 May – 20 May, Tirana and Skadar). In Montenegro Frank was accompanied by Ms. Alexandra Gulan (Geozavod), Coordina-tor of the Montenegrin consultants’ team and Mr. Stanisa Ivanovic (Geozavod, Univer-sity of Montenegro). In Albania Mr. Agron Hetoja (ACER), Coordinator of the Albanian consultants’ team, Mr. Lefter Kashta (ACER, University of Shkodra) and Mr. Zef Djeta (ACER, Agricultural University of Tirana) assisted Frank. Monday 9 May Travel Nijmegen > Amsterdam > Belgrade. Tuesday 10 May Morning: Meeting at Geozavod with Vukicevic Borislav (General Manager Geozavod), Damnjano-vic Dobrica (Manager Dept. of Engineering Geology), Alexandra Gulan (Senior Engi-neer). Subjects discussed: introduction, set-up of project execution, planning for f irst mission and whole TDA, objectives and tasks, personnel input, contract. Meetings with other specialists of the institute that will play a role in the project (a.o. GIS/ mapping). Afternoon: Detailed planning, contract and budgeting, arrangements for travel to Podgorica and meetings there. Purchase of f light tickets. Wednesday 11 May Morning: Flight to Podgorica. Meeting w ith specialists that join the team (Ana Misurovic, Director of the Ecotoxicologi-cal Center; Stanisa Ivanovic, Professor at the Faculty of Civil Engineering of Univ. of Montenegro; Borislav Uskokovic, Professor at the Faculty of Economics of Univ. of Mon-tenegro). Subjects discussed: input and tasks, planning, reporting, contracts and logis-tics. Afternoon: Visit to the Institute for the Protection of Nature and meeting with Zlato Bulic (Director) and Vasilije Buskovic (Senior Consultant and specialist on the ecology of Lake Shko-der). Subjects discussed: environmental issues in the lake basin, available data, stake-holders/ institutes involved, collaboration with Albania. Field visit w ith Vasilije to northern corner of lake: wetlands along the Moraca River, its delta and Vranjina. Second visit to the Institute for the Protection of Nature to collect data on Lake Skhoder and its basin. Thursday 12 May Morning: Meeting w ith Luka Mitrovic, Director of the Hydro-meteorological Institute. Subjects dis-cussed: environmental issues in the lake basin, institute’s monitoring programme on w a-ter and air quality of the lake, availability of data.

9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Lake Shkoder TDA 20 April 2006 II - 2 Final Report: Annexes

Meeting at National Parks of Montenegro the General Director and Zoran Mrdak (Direc-tor National Park of Skadar Lake). Subjects discussed: protection of Lake Shkoder, available data, programmes and research, threats, stakeholders, collaboration with Al-bania, institutional issues, needs. Afternoon: Meeting at the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management w ith Nikola Spahic, who is the key person regarding the plan to dredge the Bojana/ Buna River and low er the lake level. His ideas, pros and cons, and the status of the plan were dis-cussed. Preparation of materials for the Montenegrin specialists (set-up of Inception Report with detailed tasks, logistics, planning, ToR etc.). Friday 13 May Morning: Visit to the REC off ice. Ms. Srna Sudar Vilotic outlined the activities of the REC, the main environmental and social issues in the basin, collaboration with Albania (forum), needs. The key person regarding the SAP, Snezana Dragojevic, presently in the USA, will be contacted. Meeting w ith Ana Misurovic at the Ecotoxicological Center. Tasks, reporting, planning and logistics were elaborated. Danijela Sukovic, Assistant Manager and head of the lab, gave a tour through the lab. Afternoon: Meeting w ith Branco Radujkovic, professor at Biology Dept. of University of Montenegro, and Svetlana Perovic, PhD student in microbiology. Subjects discussed: past and cur-rent research in the f ield of biology (in particular: threats – impacts), available biological data, collaboration w ith Albania and needs. Visit to the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Physical Planning: meeting with Victor Subotic. Victor represents the Montenegrin Government in the project and is a key stakeholder. Subjects discussed: debriefing of past week, project background, con-sultants’ team composition, objectives, key issues, stakeholders, collaboration with Al-bania, planning. Saturday 14 May Visit to Cetinje, Budva, Herceg-Novi and Kotor with Stanisa Ivanovic and Alexandra Gu-lan. Data exchange, reporting, planning details and various other project subjects were discussed during and after the excursion. Sunday 15 May Travel by car from Podgorica to Skadar. In Skadar meeting with Agron Hetoja (ACER) and joint travel to Tirana by car. Monday 16 May Morning: Preparation of materials for the specialists (set-up of Inception Report with detailed tasks, logistics, planning, ToR etc.). Working on Inception Report. Afternoon: Visit to the Ministry of Environment. Introduction to Pellumb Abeshi, Secretary General of the ministry. Main environmental issues for Lake Shkoder were discussed and trans-boundary cooperation. Albania has programmes for two other transboundary lakes


(Ohrid and Prespan). For technical info he referred to Zamir Dedej, Director of Nature Protection. Meeting w ith Mirela Kamberi, Director of Pollution Prevention. She outlined the current and planned water quality monitoring programme, developments in environmental legis-lation, the main environmental issues regarding Lake Shkoder, and data availability. Meeting w ith Narin Panariti, Director of the Policy, Integration and Legislation Directory. She gave an overview of the Albanian environmental legislation relevant for Lake Shko-der (also referring to the Compendium of Environmental Legislation of Albania). Meeting w ith Zamir Dedej, Director of Nature Protection and key person in implementa-tion of the TDA and following projects. After the introduction, he listed the main institutes and persons to contact in Albania and where to f ind data. Collaboration with Montenegro was discussed (MoU, REC forum). Meeting w ith three of the four Albanian specialists that are part of the consultant’s team: Lefter Kashta (Biologist; Aquatic Ecologist), Eqerem Kapidani (Fisheries Specialist) and Arqile Prifti (Hydrologist). Tasks, reporting, planning and logistics were elaborated. Tuesday 17 May Morning: Meeting at the Ministry of Agriculture and Food, Fishery Directorate, with Roland Kristo (Director). After the introduction he outlined the f ish-related past and present pro-grammes and projects, main threats for Lake Shkoder, availability of f ish data, needs, and cooperation with Ministry of Environment and w ith Montenegro. Afternoon: Meeting at the Hydro-meteorological Institute w ith Manjola Banja (Deputy Director) and Emirjeta Adhami (Head of Environmental Dept.). After the introduction the data availabil-ity (hydrology, meteorology; both quantitative and qualitative) and needs for the TDA were discussed. Follow-up by Agron Hetoja (ACER) and Arqile Prifti (ACER) through Mi-tat Sanxhaku (Director Hydro-meteo Inst.). At the REC Tirana Mihallaq Qirjo (Country Director) was met. He described the REC projects and activities relating to Lake Shkoder basin, other relevant projects and ex-periences, bilateral cooperation between Albania and Montenegro, REC’s coordinating and supporting role, and the REC’s grant programme. He also gave info on others to contact and handed over some documents. Meeting w ith Enio Haxhimihali, Environmental Law and Policy Specialist (ACER) and member of the specialists’ team. Tasks, reporting, planning and logistics were dis-cussed. Wednesday 18 May Morning: Travel from Tirana to Shkodra w ith Zef Gjeta (FAO Agronomist) and Lefter Kashta (Bi-ologist; Aquatic Ecologist). Meeting at the University of Shkodra with various people: Adem Bektesti (Environmental Chemist), Nevila Bushati (Microbiologist) and Marash Rakaj (Phytoplancton Specialist). Availability of chemical and biological data from the University and through other pro-grammes/ projects/ persons, lake threats, transboundary cooperation, needs and priori-ties were discussed. Various reports and data sheets were given. Afternoon: At the REC off ice in Shkodra meeting with Diana Bejko. She described the past and present REC projects/ programmes related to Lake Shkoder, projects/ programmes of others, threats/ concerns, data sources, protection options, and transboundary coopera-tion. She gave several documents.


Field visit to the villages Shiroka and Zogaj (with Zef Gjeta and Lefter Kashta) and to the castle (view on lake, Buna-Drini/ Kiri Rivers and Shkodra town; with Ahmet Osja, former Professor in Agronomy, and Naim Lacei, Agricultural Specialist). Thursday 19 May Morning: Meeting w ith four of the f ive employees (a.o. Ilir Zajs) of the Regional Environmental Agency (REA) in Shkodra. Purpose of visit, project background, REA responsibilities/ tasks/ activities, main environmental issues, local and transboundary collaboration, needs. GTZ off ice in Shkodra: nobody present (closed). Visit to the Maize and Rice Institute of Shkodra. Meeting w ith Ilia Leka (Head of Lab) and Zhaneta Miloti (Head Analyst). History and role of institute explained, capacity/ ex-pertise/ equipment, current projects, needs, collaboration with Montenegro. Afternoon: Meeting w ith the Deputy Mayor of Shkodra. Project explained, main environmental is-sues and priorities, transboundary cooperation, set-up of environmental dept. within mu-nicipality, person to contact. Travel from Shkodra to Tirana. Lecture at the Agricultural University of Tirana on project cycles with the TDA as an ex-ample. Friday 20 May Travel Tirana > Belgrade > Amsterdam > Nijmegen. Mission 2: from 4 to 10 September 2005 The follow ing diary of Frank Keukelaar (team leader, Royal Haskoning) lists the main activities during mission 2, that included visits to Albania (4 – 7 September: Tirana and Skhodra) and Serbia-Montenegro (7 – 10 September: Ulcinj, Podgorica and environs, Belgrade). In Montenegro Frank was accompanied by Ms. Alexandra Gulan (Geo-zavod), Coordinator of the Montenegrin consultants’ team. In Albania Mr. Agron Hetoja (ACER), Coordinator of the Albanian consultants’ team, assisted Frank. Sunday 4 September Travel Nijmegen > Amsterdam > Tirana. Monday 5 September Morning: Preparation for meetings with specialists (review of contributions) and others. Visit to ACER off ice. Literature search in bookshops (‘Demographic Atlas of Albania’ bought). Afternoon: Meeting at Ministry of Environment with Zamir Dedei (Director of Nature Protection). Subjects discussed: developments since f irst mission (May), new Shkodra project off ice, more data sources, kick-of meeting GEF project in October (?), institutional changes, options for basin management structure, stakeholder consultation for protected area. Mirela Kamberi (Ministry of Environment, Director of Pollution Prevention) was absent (family circumstances).


Meeting w ith Arqile Prifti (specialist on hydrology). Subjects discussed: review of his text, required contributions, collection of hydrological and meteorological data (HMI) incl. GIS-data and maps, planning. Meeting w ith Ennio Haxhimihali (specialist on environmental legislation). Subjects dis-cussed: review of his text, required contributions, planning. Scanning of info from Climate Atlas of Albania (1988). Tuesday 6 September Morning: Meeting w ith Eqerem Kapidani (f isheries expert). Subjects discussed: review of his text, required contributions, planning. Meeting w ith Agron Hetoja (ACER) on logistics, data procurement and f inances. Meeting w ith Ismail Beka (GTZ project, Tirana off ice). He gave an overview of projects (GTZ, KfW, EU, WB) and involved people in Shkodra. Afternoon: Travel from Tirana to Shkodra by car. Meeting w ith Agim Shimaj (GEF Project Manager Shkodra off ice) and Blerima Balliaj (Environmental Specialist GEF Shkodra off ice), later joined by Djana Bejko (REC off ice Shkodra). Subjects discussed: Shkodra off ice + staff, project progress, data gaps Alba-nia (waste, agriculture), investment options, chemical data reliability (Heidelberg reports, HMI), additional data sources (Violeta Zuna, Marieta Mima: MedWet), planning. Visit to REC off ice with Djana: data/ reports obtained. Wednesday 7 September Morning: Brief visit to the GEF project off ice (Agim Shimaj and Blerima Balliaj): data exchange. Brief visit to the REC off ice (Djana Bejko) who gave more materials and addresses. Meeting w ith Edlira Kruja, coordinator of the Shkodra GTZ off ice. She gave an overview of their activities (mainly socio-economic and institutional). Wrapping up at GEF project off ice of data exchange and data to be collected. Afternoon: Visit to the lake’s coastal zone north-west of Shkodra, then travel to Ulcinj via Shkodra. Meeting w ith Martin Schneider-Jacoby (Euronatur) at the border w ith M.N. Field visit to the Buna-Bojana Delta. Subject discussed: project context, TDA and GEF follow -up key issues according to Martin, data sources (a.o. GIS-data and maps). Engineers seen at the Buna River for bathymetric measurements (Ac. of Science: plan to dredge the Buna). Travel from Ulcinj to Podgorica by bus. Meeting w ith Alexandra Gulan (Geozavod). Update of latest developments, logistics, planning for next two days. Thursday 8 September Morning: Preparation work. 10:00 - 12:00 REC national meeting (forum) Montenegro. People pre-sent: Snezana Dragovic (REC), Victor Subotic (MEPPP), Zoran Mrdak (Nat. Park), Darko Saveljic (Inst. Nature Prot.), Vasilije Buskovic (Inst. Nature Prot.), Veselinka Vuk-cevic (Mun. Podg: Env. Dept.), Tatjana Bogetic (teacher “Savo Pejanovic”), Alexandra Gulan (Geozavod). Main subject of forum: tourism on/ around Lake Shkoder. Afternoon: REC lunch: conversation w ith Darko Saveljic on birds and monitoring, map supply by Vasilije Buskovic.


Meeting w ith Dordije Vukcevic, Deputy Mayor of Podgorica. Subjects: plans within the municipality (in particular lake shore), waste and wastewater situation, demographic and socio-economic data (Census 2003, MonStat: year book 2004). Statistical year book 2004 obtained from MonStat off ice. Meeting w ith Nikolai Ille (World Bank, Belgrade off ice) on project progress and issues. Meeting w ith Stanisa Ivanovic, Borislav Uskokovic, Alexandra Gulan: review of contribu-tions, tasks for coming weeks, planning, f inance. Friday 9 September Morning: Flight from Podgorica to Belgrade. Afternoon: Meeting at Geozavod w ith Dobrica Damnjanovic (manager) and Emilisa Nikolic (transla-tor, assistant) on project progress and collaboration between Haskoning and Geozavod. Lunch with Dobrica, Alexandra Gulan and Emilisa. Data exchange, translations, f inance, project logistics and planning with Alexandra Gu-lan. Saturday 10 September Visit to Belgrade. Travel Belgrade > Amsterdam > Nijmegen. Mission 3: from 11 to 17 December 2005 The follow ing diary of Frank Keukelaar (team leader, Royal Haskoning) lists the main activities during mission 3, that included visits to Albania (11 – 14 December: Tirana and Skhodra) and Serbia-Montenegro (14 – 17 December: Podgorica and environs, Bel-grade). During the whole mission Frank was accompanied by Trilokya Pradhan (Royal Haskoning), agronomist/ hydrologist. In Montenegro Trilokya and Frank were accompa-nied by Ms. Alexandra Gulan (Geozavod), Coordinator of the Montenegrin consultants’ team. In Albania Mr. Agron Hetoja (ACER), Coordinator of the Albanian consultants’ team, assisted Frank. Sunday 11 December Travel Nijmegen > Amsterdam > Tirana. Monday 12 December Morning: Meetings w ith Eqerem Kapidani (f isheries expert) and Arqile Prifti (hydrologist). Dis-cussed: additions and corrections to the report. Afternoon: Meeting at Ministry of Environment with Zamir Dedei (Director of Nature Protection). Subjects discussed: institutional issues, policies, actions. Meetings w ith Lefter Kashta (biologist) and Arqile Prifti (hydrologist). Discussed: additions and corrections to the re-port. Phone contact with Ennio Haxhimihali. Tuesday 13 December Morning: Meeting at Ministry of Environment with Zamir Dedei (Director of Nature Protection): continuation of discussions from day before. Meeting with Lefter Kashta, who gave addi-tional literature.


Travel Tirana > Shkodra. Afternoon: Meeting at GEF off ice, with GEF staff and representatives of Shkodra University. Dis-cussions on report contents. Wednesday 14 December Morning: Brief meeting w ith REC staff in Shkodra off ice. Additional literature obtained. Travel to Podgorica. Afternoon: Meeting w ith Victor Subotic at the MEPPP. Discussions on various report and project is-sues, in particular plans and policies. Thursday 15 December Morning: Meeting w ith team specialists (B. Uskokovic and S. Ivanovic) on report contents. Meeting w ith M. Knezevic at the Biotechnological Institute of the University of Podgorica. Discussions on a.o. lake level changes and agriculture. Data exchange. Afternoon: Meeting at REC off ice with V. Buskovic (Inst. for Nat. Prot.), S. Dragojevic (REC), Z. Mrdak (Nat. Park Skadar Lake). Many subjects dealt w ith in the report were discussed. Additional info obtained on in particular plans, f isheries and projects by other agencies. Friday 16 December Travel Podgorica > Belgrade. Meeting at Geozavod on project issues and road devel-opments in Montenegro. Saturday 17 December

Travel Belgrade > A’dam > Nijmegen.

Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes III - 1 20 April 2006

Annex III Approaches to lake management There exist several internationally known approaches, rules and listings related to the management of lakes. Some of these may give ideas and opportunities for the man-agement of Lake Shkoder and its basin. The ones that already apply to or are consid-ered for the basin are discussed in Chapter 4. Non-navigational uses of international watercourses: There exists a kind of general rules governing the non-navigational uses of international watercourses, the most important of which are the principle of equitable and reasonable utilization and the no-harm rule (Regulation of the Uses of International Watercourses; Lucius Caflisch, World Bank Technical Paper 414). These rules should be evaluated for application to the case of Lake Shkoder. EU Water Framework Directive (WFD): The EU Water Framew ork Directive (WFD) is the legal basis for the management of wa-ter bodies w ithin the EU. With Albania and Montenegro as likely future accession candi-dates, this Directive should be considered carefully by both countries. Important themes are: the basin/ catchment approach, the ‘polluter pays’ principle, the basin management plan and stakeholder participation. In Article 3 “Coordination of administrative arrange-ments within river basin districts”, point 4, the WFD obliges states to work together on transboundary waters:

4. Member States shall ensure that the requirements of this Directive for the achievement of the environmental objectives established under Article 4, and in particular all programmes of measures are coordinated for the whole of the river basin district. For international river basin districts the Member States concerned shall together ensure this coordination and may, for this purpose, use existing structures stemming from international agreements. At the request of the Member States involved, the Commission shall act to facilitate the establishment of the programmes of measures.

Point 6 of Article 3 allows involvement of an international body, like a Management Committee, as competent authority for implementation of the WFD:

6. Member States may identify an existing national or international body as competent author-ity for the purposes of this Directive.

Inclusion of the Buna-Bojana Delta: The Buna-Bojana River and Delta form, from ecological and (partly) hydrological point of view, a unity with the lake and its basin. One could consider including these in the area to be managed by the Watershed Management Committee, in particular now that these areas on Albanian side have a protection status as well. Close verif ication w ith the WFD is advised on whether the two can be combined into a ‘river basin district’ w ithout includ-ing also the whole Drin basin. Biosphere Reserve: Instead of looking at the Lake Shkoder basin as a separate entity, one could consider to in-

clude it in a wider management programme. UNESCO has elaborated the Biosphere Reserve (www.unesco.org/mab), which are areas of terrestrial and coastal ecosystems promoting solutions to reconcile the conservation of biodiversity with its su stainable use. They are internationally recognized,

9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Lake Shkoder TDA 20 April 2006 III - 2 Final Report: Annexes

nominated by national governments and remain under sovereign jurisdiction of the states where they are located. Each biosphere reserve is intended to fulfil three basic functions, which are complementary and mutually reinforc-ing: a conservation function, a development function, and a logistic function: see

Figure 0.1.

Biosphere Reserves are not covered by an international convention, but must simply meet a set of criteria allowing them to fulfil properly their three functions. Collec-tively, biosphere reserves form a World Network. Within this network, ex-changes of information, experience and personnel are promoted. Biosphere reserves are organized into three interrelated zones, known as the core area, the buffer zone and the transition area (see

Figure 0.1) and only the core area requires legal protection. A number of biosphere re-serves simultaneously encompass areas protected under other systems (such as na-tional parks or nature reserves) and other internationally recognized sites (such as World Heritage or Ramsar wetland sites).

Figure 0.1 The main functions of a Biosphere Reserve and the types of zonation

ICAM and ICARM: UNCED and UNEP have promoted the concept of Integrated Coastal Area Management (ICAM) and Integrated Coastal Area and River Basin Management (ICARM), w hich has become popular in the Mediterranean region (www.pap-thecoastcentre.org). It can be defined as a process of achieving goals and objectives of sustainable development in coastal areas, within the constraints of physical, social and economic conditions, and within the constraints of legal, f inancial and administrative systems and institutions. It is not a substitute for sectoral planning, but focuses on the linkages between sectoral ac-tivities to achieve more comprehensive goals. ICAM is a process of resource manage-ment for sustainable development in coastal areas. Aware of the fact that functional linkages between coastal and riverine areas are ever more apparent and intimate, UNEP (PAP/RAC) developed a new approach, called Inte-

Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes III - 3 20 April 2006

grated Coastal Area and River Basin Management (ICARM). Its principles are (see Figure 0.2): - respect the integrity of the river basin or coastal ecosystem and accept limits on the

use of resources; - ensure the strategic importance of renewable resources for socio-economic devel-

opment; - allow the multiple use of resources integrating complementary activities and regulat-

ing conflicting ones; - ensure multi-sectoral and multi-level integration in decision making linking broad

scale management to local level intervention; and - allow participation of all actors, and particularly local population, in the planning proc-

ess to assure effective management.

Figure 0.2 The integrated water management approach of ICARM

World Heritage The Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage is an international agreement that was adopted by the General Conference of UNESCO in 1972. It is based on the premise that certain places on Earth are of outstanding univer-sal value and should therefore form part of the common heritage of mankind. The coun-tries who ratify the Convention (States Parties) have become part of an international community, united in a common mission to identify and safeguard our world's most out-standing natural and cultural heritage. While fully respecting the national sovereignty, and without prejudice to property rights provided by national legislation, the States Par-ties recognize that the protection of the World Heritage is the duty of the international community as a whole. The UNESCO World Heritage Convention is a treaty that has become, over the past 30 years, the foremost international legal tool in support of the conservation of the world's cultural and natural heritage. Today, 180 countries have ratif ied the Convention, making it an almost universally accepted set of principles and framework of action. Once a country signs the Convention, and has sites inscribed on the World Heritage List, the re-sulting prestige often helps raise awareness among citizens and governments for heri-tage preservation. Greater awareness leads to a general rise in the level of the protec-tion and conservation given to heritage properties. A country may also receive f inancial

9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Lake Shkoder TDA 20 April 2006 III - 4 Final Report: Annexes

assistance and expert advice from the World Heritage Committee to support activities for the preservation of its sites. Both Albania and Montenegro have signed or ratif ied the convention. Lake Shkoder may be a candidate for inclusion in the list. Living Lakes: Living Lakes is an international network and partnership whose mission is to enhance the protection, restoration and rehabilitation of lakes, wetlands, other freshwater bodies of the world and their catchment areas. The Living Lakes partnership promotes volun-tary international collaboration among organizations that carry out projects benefiting lakes, wildlife, and people. For further details, see: www.livinglakes.org. Albania is looking at the Biosphere Reserve option for the Buna-Bojana Delta. The MEPPP in Montenegro is at this moment less interested in further integrated ap-proaches for Lake Shkoder. It prefers to develop f irst the programmes related to the ex-isting protection status (National Park) and Ramsar listing.

Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes IV - 1 20 April 2006

Annex IV KAP (aluminium factory Podgorica) data The aluminium factory KAP near Podgorica is one of the main polluters w ithin the Lake Shkoder basin. This annex contains background information on KAP. From the KAP website (www.kap.cg.yu): Important years for the Aluminium Plant are: • 1969. start of KAP, • 1971. start up of primary aluminium capacities, • 1972. start up of Alumina Plant of 200,000 t capacity,

• 1973. reaching of full capacity of 50,000 t of primary aluminium, • 1979. start up of "phase II" of KAP's development and increasing of primary alumin-

ium capacity to 102,000 t and alumina capacity to 280,000 t per year. • 1983. start up of Cast alloys Plant based on secondary aluminium,

• 1984. start up of Al Alloys Forging Plant, • 1985. start up of Aluminium conductors Plant (Al-Fe ropes and drawn wire), • 1986. f inalization of the project "Foundation of the Institute for Aluminium Research

and Development"- in KAP's organization, support by UNDP and UNIDO, • 1999. Aluminium Plant (Primary production) organized Downstream capacities, ar-

ranged at three plants where KAP has an absolute ownership: Aluminium processing Plant, Forging Plant and Aluminium Ropes Plant located in Kolašin.

For the full capacity of 102,000 tons of liquid aluminium annual production Kombinat Aluminijuma purchases the following quantities of raw materials and electricity from the local market:

No Raw materials and energy Quantity Measuring

unit 1. Bauxite 515,775 mt 2. Elektricity 1,689 Gw h/god 3. Grey iron 657 kg 4. Firing oil 1,806,500 lit 5. Refractory material mt 6. Clad plates 2,400 kom 7. Steel Stubs 20,363 kom

For full production capacity KAP imports from the foreign markets (France, Italy, Nor-way, Spain and Venezuela at the moment) the following raw materials and intermedi-ates:

9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Lake Shkoder TDA 20 April 2006 IV - 2 Final Report: Annexes

No Raw materials and energy Quantity (t/year)

1. Caustic soda 26,910 2. Fuel oil 86,771 3. Sodium sulphide 2,915 4. Baked Anodes 65,869 6. Aluminijum fluoride 3,451 7. Criolite 460 8. Refractories

9. Cathode Blocks 1,056

10. Carbon paste 624 11. Calcium Fluoride 24

The KAP produces the follow ing solid waste and wastewater (source: CETI):

Water consumption Wastewater Solid and hazardous waste Factories m3/y m3/h m3/y m3/h tons/ year

1 "Glinica"- Alumonua Processing unit 18,500,000 2,840 14,400,000 2,270

Red mud solid: 309,168; Red mud with pH>11.5, PAH-s, PCB-s, CN, crude oil masut, F, phenols

2 "Elektroliza"-Electrolysis 1,320,000 208 1,056,000 166

Carbonic foam: 620; used anodes and catodes: 2,950; PCB-s: 25; Used anodas and catodes contain PAH-s, Cd, CN, As, Hg, F, Carbonic foam, polluted F, Hg, As, Al, phenols and bricks clay polluted with CN, F

3 "Anode"- Anode Fac-tory 3,960,000 625 3,801,500 500

17,600; Settling from anodas w ith PAH-s, phe-nols, Cd, Hg, As

4 "Liv nica"- Foundry 4,620,000 729 3,696,000 585 Slag: 1,800; rest sheets: 80-120; Modalite, morinite, stirit- asbestos

5 "Silumini"- Cylumin factory 43,800 7.0 30,660 5.5

4,230; Dust frm Al, mix ed paint and salts and cluster waste

6 "Kov acnica" - Alu-minium Forge 2,333,800 353 1,877,000 282 1,462;

Clinker with ammonia

7 "Valjaonica"- Cold rolling Mill 660,000 104 528,000 83

1,697; Diatomaceous earth w ith mineral oils, and rolling mill oils

8 "Prerada" -Alminium Processing 2,640,000 417 2,112,000 334

2,274; Diatomaceous earth w ith mineral oils, pint and lakes

9 PCR i Druggi objekti- Equipment Mainte-nance Unit and other

2,918,000 460 2,334,000 368 25 from electrolysis; 50 from PCR; Waste oils, lubricants, transformer oil "piralene" (Arachlor 1260 and 1254), THB, tires, etc.

Total 36,995,600 5,743 29,835,160 4,593.5 340,510 tons/yr of hazardous waste


The inappropriate technologies for aluminium and metal processing, as well as the im-proper storage of toxic waste, causes pollution of the groundwater w ith alkaline hydrox-ides, f luorides, PCBs, PAHs, phenols, mineral oils, cyanides etc. The KAP uses about 2,000 m3/h Moraca River water and 3,000 m3/h from 8 wells. Technological units of the aluminium plant The KAP consists of several production units and related service facilities: alumina pro-duction, anode production, aluminium extraction – electrolysis, foundry, cold rolling mill, cylumin production, forge, aluminium processing, equipment maintenance unit, and re-lated facilities such as vehicle f leet, power supply system, cafeteria, management of the plant, quality control, etc. Alumina Processing Unit: Extraction of aluminium from bauxite is done in autoclaves by soaking in lye (with NaOH). After separation of the liquid content, the red mud, as gauge, is rinsed by de-cantation. It is then f iltered in order to extract the caustic soda, and in such form it is dis-charged by pipes into the waste collectors. The obtained liquid content enriched by NaOH in autoclaves, once freed from the solid content, is further processed by decom-position. Aluminium hydroxide in decomposers is, after f iltering, getting calcined in order to obtain the sodium oxide (alumina). After f iltration of separated aluminium hydroxide, the liquid content is vaporized and the concentrated solution is once again treated in autoclaves for bauxite. Upon rinsing, the red mud is disposed of in Basin 1 that is coated with rubber (it did not take long for the rubber to get damaged and the basin has been leaking since then), and then it is transferred to Basin 2, which is not coated. The main pollutants of groundwater are: aluminates, NaOH, calcinated alumina, masut from the reloading ramp, sediments from water decarbonization, which get dispersed on porous soil and enter the groundwater. Caustic soda from the red mud basin drains into the groundwater. Anode Factory: The first stage of processing is mixing of petrol-coke and anode resin. This mixture is heated, and then pressed into raw anode blocks. A special furnace is used for baking of those blocks in order to get baked anodes that are later used in the process of electroly-sis for aluminium extraction. The main pollutants are: dust from coke and anode residue, masut, kriolite, alumina so-dium fluoride, exhaust oils, phenol water with PAHs, which after the rinsing of the f ilter-ing equipment for gases, are discharged into the absorption well and get directly into the groundwater. Reduction of Aluminium - Electrolysis: Extraction of aluminium from alumina is done in electrolytic cells with the addition of NaF and kriolite as melters. Aluminium is separated on the cathode, and gasses generated in the process are getting tied to the anodes. The resulting liquid aluminium is vacuumed from the bottom of the cells and transferred to the foundry shop for further refinement and shaping. By the system of collectors, the gases (only in II phase) are conveyed for purif ication, during which f luorine is being absorbed by active alumina. Alumina, en-riched with f luorine, is returned to the electrolytic cells.

9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Lake Shkoder TDA 20 April 2006 IV - 4 Final Report: Annexes

The main sources of pollution are: cathode dust, kriolite, aluminium fluoride, f luorine salts and carbonaceous matter, which are drained into the underground, and the leaking of electrolytic basins. Aluminium Foundry: Aluminium is refined by furnacing. The refined aluminium is molded in separate equip-ment in order to get the desired forms. The slag extracted from the top of the furnace is collected and conveyed to the cylumin production unit. The main pollutants are: masut, chlorine, HF, alkaline oil emulsion, slag, ammonia and f luoride salts. Cylumin Factory: The processing of slag and secondary aluminium, to w hich the alloying components are added, results in various aluminium alloys that are further cast into desired forms and shapes. The main sources of pollution are: dump of slag and salt cakes, masut, PAHs, ammonia, f luorine salts, chlorine, HF, soot and other aluminium waste. Cold Rolling Mill: The cast or hot-rolled metal (Al-strips) are processed by cold rolling into strips that are used for manufacture of various products. The main pollutants are: suspension of oils used in rolling, emulsions for grinders, infu-sorial earth w ith oil. Aluminium Forge: The first phase is the production of blocks for forging or pressing. The obtained blocks are placed into molds for pressing into the desired forms. The main pollutants are: refiners and de-carbonators as the products of combustion, HCl, HF,MF, NaOH, graphite particles. Aluminium Processing: This factory has several production lines. The rolling process produces a 7-micron foil and other thicknesses. Printing, polishing, pasting, etc. take place in this unit. The main pollutants are: aerosols, NaOH, rolling process oils, kerosene with additives, detergents for delubrication, salts of copper, zinc and nickel. Equipment Maintenance Unit: The pollutants are: sanitary wastewater, tires, lubricant oils that are occasionally burned (there is also a danger that ‘pyralene’ burned at times) and various other wastes. Trans-former oil ‘pyralen’ and ‘clofen’ (PCB-s: Arochlor 1254 and 1260) are stored in barrels that leaked (2.5 tons have leaked out), and 9.8 tons are missing from the storage area. The pollutants that enter into the soil pollute eventually the groundwater of the Zeta Val-ley and are transported towards Lake Shkoder.


Site layout of the KAP, w ith ‘R’ being the two storage basins for the ‘red mud’:

Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes V - 1 20 April 2006

Annex V Industrial and municipal wastewater The main sources of wastewater in the Lake Shkoder basin in 2003 are (KAP data not included):

Water supply Discharge of wastewater Name of industry

Way of supply m3/y Place of discharge m3/y Note

PODGORICA 1 DD Milk Factory Public water works 53.000 Municipal collector 50.000

2 Laundry Composite 50.000 Municipal collector 47.500 No dangerous pol-lutants

3 "Plantaze" wine produc-tion and refrigerators Composite 480.000 Municipal collector and

septic hole 456.000

4 Auto-moto " Beco Lazovic" Public water works 360 Absorption hole 360 Mechanical purifi-

cation 5 Butchery " Mesopromet" Public water works 25.600 Municipal collector 24.000

6 "19 December" Produc-tion of anti hail rackets Public water works 6.000 Municipal collector and

septic hole 5.700 Partial sedimen-tation in basins

7 DD" Centrokoza" Public water works 300 Municipal collector - Suspicious data

8 "Marko Radovic" Industry of furniture Public water works 32.000 Septic hole 31.500

9 "Hemomont" Pharmaceutical ind. Public water works 3.300 Municipal collector 2.600 No dangerous pol-

lutants 10 DD" Duv anski Kombinat" Public water works 60.000 Absorption hole 57.000 11 " Elastic" Plastic ind. Public water works 59.000 Absorption hole 56.000 12 " Radoje Dakic" Painting

operation Public water works 864 Municipal collector 850 Mechanical sedi-mentation

13 " Radoje Dakic" galvani-zation Public water works 350.000 Municipal collector 333.000 Mechanical and

chem. purification 14 " Radoje Dakic" Repara-

tion of Machinery Public water works 3.600 Municipal collector 3.400

15 "Titeks" tex tile ind. Public water works and individual well

500.000 600.000 Municipal collector 475.000

570.000

16 DD "Autoremont" Public water works 900 Septic hole 855 17 “Podgorica Ekspres" Public water works 13.200 No data 13.000 18 JP "Gradsko saobraca-

jno" Public water works 3.400 Municipal atmospheric col-lector 13.000 Separation of oils

and tar

19 “Vodovod i kanalizacija" municipal water works

and soil pipe

Karstic well and groundwater 16.360.000 River Moraca 8.800.000 Biological purifica-

tion

20 A.K. "13 Jul" plantation Indiv idual water works 16.000.000 absorption in soil No dada

21 “Centrokoza" Scay ind. Public water works 6.000 Municipal atmospheric col-lector and River Moraca 5,420

22 KBC Podgorica hospital and laboratories Public water works Municipal collector No data

9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Lake Shkoder TDA 20 April 2006 V - 2 Final Report: Annexes



DANILOVGRAD

1 "Crnagoracoop" confec-tion ind. Public water works 40.000 Municipal collector 33.600

2 “Koka produkt'' poultry ind. Public water works 18.000 Septic hole and open ca-

nal 4.500

3 DD ”Mermer" Stone ind. - 160.000 Municipal collector - 4 DD “Radijatori" - - Municipal collector -

5 Pig Farm in Spuz - 300.000 Municipal collector and open canal in Zeta -

6 Cow Farm in Spuz - 60.000 Municipal collector and open canal in Zeta -

7. Municipal Sev ices Groundwater 448.000 or 1.200.000

River Zeta-2 location with 8 outcomes No data

NIKŠIĆ

1 DD ”Onogost" Hotel Onogost Public water works 47.500 Municipal collector and

septic hole 45.000 No dangerous pol-lutants

2 DD ”Mlin Niksic" Mill ind. Public water works 24.000 River Zeta 23.000 Mechanical purifi-cation

3 "Javorak" factory of furni-ture Public water works 38.000 River Zeta and septic hole No data

4 JZU "Opsta Bolnica" Public Hospital Public water works 60.000 Municipal collector 57.000

5 JZU “Brezovik" Hospital for pulmonary diseases Public water works 105.000 Septic hole 100.000 Possibly very dan-

gerous 6 "Mesopromet" butchery Public water works 30.000 Municipal collector and

River Zeta 28.500

7 PC ”Mljekara Niksic" milk factory Public water works 32.850 River Bistrica and septic

hole 31.000

8 "Piv ara Trebjesa" (Inter brow ) brewery Composite 462.000 River Bistrica and Munici-

pal collector 400.000

9 DD "IMO Metalac" metal confection Public water works 14.000 Septic hole 13.000

10 DD”Autoprev ozno-Niksic" transport Public water works 32.600 River Zeta and canal Kru-

pac (into Zeta) 31.000

11 “Rudnici Boksita " Niksic Transport Bauxite Mine Public water works 20.000 Septic hole 19.000

12 “Rudnici Boksita " Niksic Prerada; Refinement Public water works 1.700 1.650 No dangerous pol-

lutants

13 "Zeljzara Niksic" (Midland steel) Steel factory Composite 14.000.000

18.000.000 River Bistrica

River Gracanica 10.000.000 11.000.000

14 Institute for Black Metal-lurgy Public water works 15.000 Municipal collector and

River Gracanica 14.000

15 Municipal water works and canalization Capted wells 4.500.000 Lagoons in plane Vrtac 1.300.000 Out of operation

more than 10 years 16 "Goranovic" Meat indus-

try Public water works 50.000 Municipal collector 48.000

Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes V - 3 20 April 2006



CETINJE I RIJEKA CRNOJECIĆA

1 Fabrika "Obod" Produc-tion of refrigerators Public water works 3.227 Municipal collector Out of operation

2 IMO “Kosuta" factory for boot's Public water works 318 Municipal collector Out of operation

3 “Stamparija Obod" Mis-print office Public water works 17 Municipal collector

4 "Auto- transport "Bojana" transportation Public water works 72 Municipal collector 1/3 of its capacity

5 “Bojana" Cetinje transpor-tation Public water works 32 Municipal collector 1/3 of its capacity

6 “Kartona\a" production of cardboard Public water works 13 Municipal collector

36.400

Out of operation

7 Municipal wastewaters Cetinje Public water works 7.200 Into municipal collector

and in Rijeka Crnojevica 434.350 Wastewaters from all factories from

Cetinje 8 “Rijeka Crnojevica" fish

factory Obod cave unknown River Rijeka Crnojevica 73.000

9 Municipal wastewaters R. Crnojev ica Obod cave unknown River Rijeka Crnojevic 9.860

Wastewater discharges in 2003 and forecasts for 2009, 2028 and 2029 (source: Master Plan for Wastewater Management for Northern Montenegro [Niksic, Podgorica] and Master Plan for Wastewater Management for the Montenegrin Coast [Cetinje]):

Wastewater Town No. of citi-zens in 2003

Water con-sumption in

2003

Total water use in 2003 Citizens

2003 Industry

2009 Commerce

2009 Total

persons l/person/day l/s l/s l/s l/s Niksic 75,274 280 244 l/s 195 50.6 10.4 256 Podgorica 168,812 280 547 l/s 438 111.6 549 Danilovgrad 16,376 280 53 l/s 42 0.65 2.5 46 Cetinje 18,500 280 1,464 m3/yr 12.7 78 7 98 The forecast of water consumption per person for 2028 will reduce to 180 l/person/day for Podgorica, Niksic and Danilovgrad; for the other towns to 150 l/day.

Wastewater Town No. of citi-zens in 2028

Water con-sumption in

2028

Total water use in 2028 Citizens

2028 Industry

2029 Commerce

2029 Total

persons l/person/day l/s l/s l/s l/s l/s Niksic 78,813 180 164 131 71.0 10.4 213 Podgorica 238,991 180 498 398 137.4 536 Danilovgrad 19,365 180 34 27 2.08 2.5 32 Cetinje 25,000 150 86 55.6 70 ? 126

9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Lake Shkoder TDA 20 April 2006 V - 4 Final Report: Annexes

Watewater discharges Waterworks Shkodra (Shkodra Municipality): Daily f low 25,000 m3/day Population Equivalents 100,000 PE The following values are one Population Equivalent (PE): 250 l/ resident/ day 60 g BOD/ resident/ day 100 g COD resident/ day 60 g SS/ resident/ day Based on the above values the waste load into the treatment plant is:

Daily f lows (Qd) 25,000 m3/ day Average f lows in an hour (Q24) 1,040 m3/ day Max. f lows in an hour (Q16) 1,560 m3/ day BOD (240 mg/l) 6,000 kg/ day SS (240 mg/l) 6,000 kg/ day

The theoretical eff luent quality is:

BOD <20 mg/l SS <20 mg/l pH 6.5 – 8.5

Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes VI - 1 20 April 2006

Annex VI Surface water quality Water quality of Lake Shkoder in 2005 based on one sample per site (source: CETI):

No Sampling site Parameter

Moraca River -right arm

Karuc Bisevina Kamenik-Radus Vucki

Bijana -Kravarski potok

Bojana Lisna Bori

2SH Ska-dar

5M Na-tional Park

1 Date of sampling 31.05. 2005

31.05. 2005

31.05. 2005

31.05. 2005

04.07. 2005

04.07. 2005

15.07. 2005

15.07. 2005

2 Depth m 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 3 Temp. of air 0 C 23.3 24.9 24.8 24.5 21.7 21.7 4 Temp. of water 0 C 20.5 13.2 23.2 21.9 19.3 19.7 7 Real Color light green green light green green-

gray green-gray

green-gray

9 Turbidity NTU 1 24.0 8 3 2.8 3.3 11 Color mg-Pt-Co <5 <5 <5 5 10 12 12 pH 7.83 7.78 7.63 8.25 7.95 8.04 13 CO2 mg/l 5.5 12.0 - - 0.88 0.44 14 Dissolv ed O2 mg/l 9.64 8.46 10.02 9.42 9.6 9.66 15 BOD-5 mg/l 3.57 1.22 1.71 2.29 1.22 1.78 16 KMnO4 mg O2/l 7.85 7.54 5.02 7.10 5.3 4.99 17 Oxygen Solu. % 105.1 79.8 115.4 106.7 103.22 106.15 18 COD from K2Cr2 O7 mg O2/l 1.6 0.00 3.2 0.8 0.59 0.00 19 Suspen. Solids mg/l 3.4 13.6 18.6 13.6 5.0 5.2 20 Conductivity μS/cm 239 225 240 237 254 259 21 Alkalinity (P) ml 0.1M HCl 0.5 0.6 - - 0.1 0.12 22 Alkalinity (M ml 0.1M HCl 25 25 - - 25.47 24.94 23 Bicarbonate HCO3 mg/1 152.5 152.5 - - 155.37 152.14 24 Total Hardnes U0 Dh 7.11 7.11 - - 7.28 7.4 25 Ca mg/1 38.88 37.81 36.8 37.7 39.2 40.0 26 Mg mg/1 4.28 4.98 8.32 8.77 7.7 7.6 27 Na mg/1 1.40 1.63 1.9 2.51 2.44 2.51 28 K mg/1 0.34 0.27 0.2 0.197 0.66 0.68 29 Phosphates-PO4 mg/1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.056 0.04 30 Ammonia N mg/l 0.05 0.087 0.034 0.076 0.06 0.076 31 NO2 mg/1 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 0.010 0.007 32 NO3 mg/1 3.4 4.1 3.3 2.9 0.41 0.39 33 F mg/1 0.031 0.004 0.05 0.03 0.023 0.022 34 Cl mg/1 4.1 4.24 4.59 4.10 4.95 4.95 35 CN mg/1 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 36 SO4 mg/1 6.31 8.22 6.95 13.29 17.4 18.2 37 Detergents –TBS mg/1 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 38 Detergents Triton X 100 mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 39 Phenols mg/1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 40 Mineral oils mg/1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.004 <0.001 <0.001 41 Oil and Grease mg/1 0.021 0.0018 0.039 0.036 0.008 0.003 42 As Mg/1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 43 Cu mg/1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 44 B mg/1 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 45 Zn mg/1 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Lake Shkoder TDA 20 April 2006 VI - 2 Final Report: Annexes

No Sampling site Parameter

Moraca River -right arm

Karuc Bisevina Kamenik-Radus Vucki

Bijana -Kravarski potok

Bojana Lisna Bori

2SH Ska-dar

5M Na-tional Park

46 Pb mg/1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.01 <0.01 47 Cr mg/1 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.005 <0.005 <0.01 <0.01 48 Cr 6+ mg/1 - - - - - - - - 49 Fe mg/1 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.06 <0.01 <0.01 50 Mn mg/1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 51 Cd mg/1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 52 Hg mg/1 <0.002 <0.002 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.0001 <0.0001 53 Mo mg/1 <0.2 <0.2 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 54 Ba mg/1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 55 Ni mg/1 <0.05 <0.05 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 57 Se mg/1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.01 <0.01 59 a b

Pesticides O-Chl. O-Ph.

μg/l μg/l

<0.01 <0.01

<0.01 <0.01

<0.01 <0.01

<0.01 <0.01

<0.01 <0.01

<0.01 <0.01

61 PAH-s* μg/l <0.1 0.03 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.0001 <0.0001 62 PCBs & congeners μg/l <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.0001 <0.0001 65 TOC mg/l 1.03 1.9 0.9 2.8 2.70 0.783 66 H2S mg/l 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.01

* PAHs: ** THM: Benzo - 3,4 Fluorantene Bromophorm Tetrachlorethilene Benzo - 11,12 Fluorantene Chlorophorm Bromdichlormetane Benzo - 3,4 Pirene Metil Chlorophorm Dibromchlormetane Benzo - 1,2 Perilene Trichlorethilene Indeno - (1,2,3 - ad) Pirene Water quality classes of Lake Shkoder in 2004 (source: HMI Podg.):

Profile Quality pH Elec. Susp. Dissolved % satur. BOD5 cond. matter O2 O2

Kamenik A2CII A1I A1 A1S S A1I A1 Vranjina A2CII A1I A1 A1S S A1I A2 Virpazar A2CII A1I A1 A1S S A1I A1 Plav nica A2CII A1I A1 A1S S A1I A1 Starčevo A2CII A1I A1 A1S S A1I A1 Moračnik A2CII A1I A1 A1S S A1I A1 Ckla A2CII A1I A1 A1S S A1I A1 Sredina A2CII A1I A1 A1S S A1I A1 Podhum A2CII A1I A1 A1S S A1I A1

Profile Quality COD Iron Ammonium Chloride Sulfate Phosphate Kamenik A2CII A1 A2 A2CII A1 A1 A1 Vranjina A2CII A1 A1 A2CII A1 A1 A1 Virpazar A2CII A1 A1 A2CVK A1 A1 A1 Plav nica A2CII A1 A1 A2CVK A1 A1 A1 Starčevo A2CII A1 A1 A2CII A1 A1 A1 Moračnik A2CII A1 A1 A2CII A1 A1 A1


Profile Quality COD Iron Ammonium Chloride Sulfate Phosphate Ckla A2CII A1 A1 A2CII A1 A1 A1 Middle A2CII A1 A1 A2CII A1 A1 A1 Podhum A2CII A1 A1 A2CII A1 A1 A2

Profile Quality Nitrate Nitrite Phenol MPAS Total amount Faecal bact. Kamenik A2CII A1 A1C A1SI A1II A3CII A2II Vranjina A2CII A1 A1C A2CII A1II A2CII A2II Virpazar A2CII A1 A1C A3CII A1II A2CII A1I Plav nica A2CII A1 A1S A2CCII A1II A2CII A2II Starčevo A2CII A1 A1C A2CII A1II A2si A1I Moračnik A2CII A1 A1S A1SI A1II A2SII A2II Ckla A2CII A1 A1S A1SI A1II A2SII A1I Middle A2CII A1 A1S A1SI A1II A2SI A1I Podhum A2CII A1 A1C VKCII A1II A2CII A1I The above water quality class tables are based on the following measurements (HMI Podg. 2004):

Profile Date Temp. H2O Temp. air pH Conductivity ˚C ˚C μS/cm

1. Vranjina 23.06-08.10. 16.6-24.8 21.7-35.6 8.2 290 2. Virpazar 23.06-08.10. 20.0-28.0 18.7-34.3 8.4 280 3. Plavnica 23.06-08.10. 20.4-29.6 18.7-32.6 8.4 263 4. Kamenik 23.06-08.10. 19.8-28.8 21.0-35.5 8.3 278 5. Starčev a Gorica 23.06-08.10. 21.6-28.6 23.6-32.3 8.4 239 6. Moračnik 23.06-08.10. 21.5-29.2 21.5-29.2 8.4 233 7. Ckla 23.06-08.10. 21.8-29.6 21.8-21.6 8.4 235 8. Middle of the lake 23.06-08.10. 21.2-29.0 21.8-30.2 8.4 234 9. Podhum 23.06-08.10. 20.0-27.5 19.8-34.5 8.3 261

Profile Dry residue

ex. Dry residue

calc. Suspended

particles O2 O2 BOD5 mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l % mg/l

1.Vranjina 169 170 5 8.8 101 1.9 2.Virpazar 153 156 2 9.4 114 3.1 3.Plavnica 143 156 1 8.7 98 2.3 4.Kamenik 154 155 2 8.6 109 2.9 5.Starčeva Gorica 133 140 2 8.2 100 1.2 6.Moračnik 132 136 0 8.6 105 1.4 7.Ckla 129 135 0 8.4 103 1 8. Middle of the lake 125 136 0 8 93 0.9 9.Podhum 139 153 1 7.9 91 2


(continued from previous page)

COD HCO3¯ Hardness Ca²+ Mg²+ Na+ K Profile mg/l mg/l dH mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l

1. Vranjina 2.3 175 9.3 58.3 6.1 3.4 1.1 2. Virpazar 3.3 171 9.7 54.2 5.2 3.1 1.2 3. Plavnica 3.4 163 7.9 50.4 4.7 4.4 1.2 4. Kamenik 3.5 173 8.5 57.5 3.1 2.9 0.5 5. Starčev a Gorica 2.7 156 7.4 48.9 2.5 3.5 0.9 6. Moračnik 3.7 98 7.7 45.3 6.2 3.1 1 7. Ckla 3.6 147 7.3 46.3 4.2 3 1.4 8. Middle of the lake 3.2 144 7.3 48.6 4.7 3 0.9 9. Podhum 2.3 163 8.3 53.5 6.1 3.1 0.8

Fe²+ NH4+ Cl̄ SO4+ PO4³¯ NO3¯ NO2¯ Profile mg/l mg/l dH mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l

1. Vranjina 0.08 0.17 7.1 7.3 0.09 1.57 0.006 2. Virpazar 0.05 0.22 5.8 7.2 0.23 0.57 0.003 3. Plavnica 0.05 0.38 6.5 6.2 0.1 2.36 0 4. Kamenik 0.11 0.18 6.8 4.3 0.12 0.68 0.002 5. Starčev a Gorica 0.05 0.12 5.5 4 0.09 0.65 0.001 6. Moračnik 0.02 0.14 5.6 4.2 0.13 0.38 0 7. Ckla 0.05 0.13 6.6 5.9 0.05 0.23 0 8. Middle of the lake 0.06 0.19 7.4 4.6 0.13 1.11 0.001 9. Podhum 0.06 0.19 5.9 10.2 0.25 2.38 0.002

Phenol detergent aerobic bacteria total bacteria total faecal bacteria Profile mg/l mg/l on 1 ml of water on 100 ml of water on 100 ml of water

1. Vranjina 0.003 0.038 205 5550 203 2. Virpazar 0.009 0.053 68 2130 12 3. Plavnica 0.007 0.065 100 2295 182 4. Kamenik 0.001 0.036 539 5335 298 5. Starčev a Gorica 0.002 0.035 45 460 9 6. Moračnik 0.001 0.054 31 690 22 7. Ckla 0.001 0.064 33 635 6 8. Middle of the lake 0.001 0.043 45 370 0 9. Podhum 0.018 0.056 375 2250 8


Average water quality of Lake Shkoder in the period 1998 – 2002 (source: CETI); for sampling locations, see map below:

No Sampling site Parameter Unit Kamenik Vranjina Virpazar Center of

lake Pothum Ckla Plavnica

1 Period of sampling 1998-2002 1998-2002 1998-2002 1998-2002 1998-2002 1998-2002 1998-2002 2 Depth m 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 3 Temp. of air 0 C 19.6 19.6 17.8 18.8 22 17.8 20.8 4 Temp. of water 0 C 20.4 17.3 21.6 21.6 14 22.7 21.8 5 Odor without without without without without without without 6 Flotables without with with without without without without 7 Real Color blue blue blue blue blue-green blue blue-geen 8 Turbidity 0 SiO2 5 45 4.5 15 3 7.5 30 9 Turbidity NTU 1.6 10.4 1.0 3.6 0.7 1.8 7.4

10 Taste - - - - - - - 11 Color mg-Pt-Co 5 15 20 5 5 2 10 12 pH 7.84 8.18 8.31 8.42 8.04 8.41 8.24 13 CO2 mg/l 14 Dissolv ed O2 mg/l 8.8 9.6 9.13 9.62 11.52 10.1 9.82 15 BOD-5 mg/l 1.0 1.0 1.31 2.1 2.46 2.58 1.31 16 KMnO4 mg O2/l 7.6 4.56 10.17 10.64 2.83 7.90 10.75 17 Oxygen Soluble % 96.79 97.88 104.77 107.6 111.78 111.91 112.32 18 COD from K2Cr2 O7 mg O2/l 2.26 2.6 2.64 3.62 3.87 4.22 2.64 19 Suspended Solids mg/l <1 3.6 1.2 1.8 <1 <1 2.5 20 Conductivity μS/cm 202 201 162.1 154.6 242 154.4 173.4 21 Alkalinity (P) ml 0.1 M HCl 0 0 2.0 3.0 0 2.5 0 22 Alkalinity (M ml 0.1 M HCl 28 29 30 31 28.5 31 30 23 Bicarbonate HCO3 mg/l 170.9 177.0 183.1 189.1 173.9 189.1 183.1 24 Total Hardness U0 Dh 8.1 8.6 8.7 8.3 8.6 8.7 10.5 25 Ca mg/l 48.52 51.10 52.25 49.86 50.5 51.77 54.4 26 Mg mg/l 5.80 6.20 5.91 5.58 6.53 6.42 12.5 27 Na mg/l 2.2 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.8 2.6 3.0 28 K mg/l 0.4 0.61 0.51 0.30 0.15 0.33 0.47 29 Phosphates PO4 mg/l 0.045 0.025 0.085 0.04 0.026 0.02 0.05 30 Ammonia N mg/l 0.028 0.029 0.040 0.056 0.033 0.015 0.04 31 NO2 mg/l 0.00 0.021 0.019 0.007 0.001 0.004 0.016 32 NO3 mg/l 0.25 0.89 0.58 0.002 1.61 0.08 0.40 33 F mg/l 0.07 0.07 0.1 0.2 0.06 0.11 0.16 34 Cl mg/l 8.1 7.4 7.9 8.5 10.8 9.1 7.8 35 CN mg/l 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 36 SO4 mg/l 12.2 7.78 13.38 10.26 12.22 13.94 10.9 37 Detergents –TBS mg/l 0.002 0.043 0.075 0.012 0.000 0.030 0.064 38 Detergents: Triton X 100 mg/l 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

39 Phenols mg/l 0.0003-0.0069

0.0025-0.003

0.002-0.017

0.001-0.003

0.0045-0.005

0.0005-0.002

0.000-0.002

40 Mineral oils mg/l 0.041-0.202

0.0106-0.247

0.000-0.102 0.000 0.000-

0.002 0.000-0.026

0.000-0.263

41 Oil and Grease mg/l 0.3-1.3 0.14-4.8 0.15-8.9 0.12-2.1 0.07-2.3 0.7-1.9 0.11-4.9 42 As mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 43 Cu mg/l 0.010 0.005 0.006 0.0053 0.0051 0.002 0.0086


No Sampling site Parameter Unit Kamenik Vranjina Virpazar Center of

lake Pothum Ckla Plavnica

44 B mg/l 0.02 0.03 0.006 0.008 0.003 0.008 0.0089 45 Zn mg/l 0.00 0.009 0.008 0.01 0.003 0.003 0.006 46 Pb mg/l 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.011 0.0023 0.005 0.003 47 Cr mg/l 0.004 0.002 0.005 0.005 0.003 0.008 0.005 48 Cr 6+ mg/l 0.000 0.000 0.0000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 49 Fe mg/l 0.080 0.086 0.12 0.095 0.13 0.10 0.145 50 Mn mg/l 0.010 0.012 0.015 0.008 0.010 0.021 0.010 51 Cd mg/l 0.002 0.002 0.0002 0.002 0.0004 0.001 0.002 52 Hg mg/l <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 53 Mo mg/l 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 54 Ba mg/l 0.02 0.0055 0.009 0.058 0.0076 0.0086 0.008 55 Ni mg/l 0.006 0.007 0.005 0.005 0.002 0.006 0.007 56 SiO2 mg/l 1.22 1.93 2.11 1.65 2.24 1.20 1.87 57 Se mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

58 Organo-chlorine Comp. except pest. PCB-s etc.

μg/l 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

59 a b

Pesticides– ins. Organochlorines Organophosp.

μg/l 0.0004 αBHC 0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.002 enosulf. 0.000

0.0008 αBHC 0.000

0.000

0.000 60 Herbicides μg/l not deter. not deter. not deter. not deter. not deter. not deter. not deter. 61 PAH-s* μg/l 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

62 PCB-s and con-generes μg/l 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

63 Subst. soluble in CHCl3

mg/l - - - - - - -

64 Trichalomethanes THM** μg/l 0.22-1.2 0.015-8.32 0.33-9.30 0.01-2.0 0.014-12.7 0.00-2.3 0.025-9.65

65 TOC mg/l 0.32-2.53 0.45-0.906 0.87-1.44 0.07-0.458 0.65-1.23 0.08-1.42 0.05-1.76 66 H2S mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

67

Radiactivity -Gross α -Gross β -γ-Spectrometry

mBq/l

<37 39.5

40K-87.2 137Cs-<1.1 226Ra -5.7 232Th –6.5 90Sr-<0.1

<37 37.0

40K-87.2 137Cs-<1.1 226Ra -5.7 232Th –6.5 90Sr-<0.1

<37 38.5

40K-87.2 137Cs-<1.1 226Ra -5.7 232Th –6.5 90Sr-<0.1

<37 35.9

40K-87.2 137Cs-<1.1 226Ra -5.7 232Th –6.5 90Sr-<0.1

<37 36.8

40K-87 137Cs<1 226Ra5.7 232Th6.5 90Sr<0.1

<37 42.2

40K-87 137Cs<1 226Ra5.7 232Th6.5 90Sr<0.1

<37 40.0

40K-87.2 137Cs<1.1 226Ra -5.7 232Th –6.5 90Sr-<0.1

* PAHs: see above ** THM: see above


Sampling locations for water quality of Lake Shkoder in the period 1998 – 2002 (source: CETI); see also Error! Reference source not found.:

Average water quality of various locations in Lake Shkoder in the period 1995 – 2000: Parameter Mean (std. dev.) Min. value Max. value Temperature 0C 16.7 (7) 6.2 30.4 pH 7.9 (0.3) 7.3 8.5 Conductivity μ s/cm 254 (25) 190 305 Alkalinity mg CaCO3/l 140 (14) 108 160 Total hardness mg CaCO3/l 147 (6.6) 134 162 Dissolv ed oxygen mg O2/l 10.5 (2.5) 7.4 13.7 Dry residue mg/l 193 (14) 165 220 KMn04 consumption mg/l 20 (6.7) 12 30.5 Calcium mg/l 49.2 (3) 44.5 52.5 Magnesium mg/l 6.2 (0.7) 5.2 7.5 Chloride mg/l 3.02 (0.5) 2.1 3.9 Sulphate mg/l 5.75 (0.7) 4.2 6.8 Ammonium mg/l 0.026 (0.01) 0.009 0.045 Nitrite mg/l 0.0228 (0.02) 0.01 0.06 Nitrate mg/l 0.086 (0.02) 0.05 0.12 Phosphate mg/l 0.017 (0.014) 0.003 0.042 Source: Bekteshi A. - Chemical characterization of waters of Shkodra lake. - Bul. Shkenc. 1/ 1997- 2000: 27-36. Beka I. & Bekteshi A. Results of chemical studies for Shkodra Lake.- The Shkodra/ Skadar Lake Project, Conference Report 2001, pp.47-54.


Average water quality of various waters in the Lake Shkoder basin in the period 1990 – 1995 (source: CETI):

No Sampling site

Parameter

First right

arm of Morača

First left arm of Morača

Crni Žar Bay of Hum

Center of the lake (Raduš)

Plavnica Murići

1 Period of sampling 1990- 1995

1990- 1995

1990- 1995

1990- 1995

1990- 1995

1990- 1995

1990- 1995

2 Depth m 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 3 Temp. of air 0 C 29.6 26.6 27.8 27.8 28.0 27.8 28.0 4 Temp. of water 0 C 23.4 23.3 24.6 25.0 26.0 26.0 26.0 5 Odor without without without without without without without 6 Flotables without with with without without without without 7 Color 0Pt-Co green green blue-green green blue blue-geen blue-green8 Turbidity 0 SiO2 5 15 10 10 10 10 10 9 Turbidity NTU 0.6 1.4 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.7

10 Taste - - - - - - - 11 Color 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 12 PH 8.07 8.11 8.24 8.23 8.22 8.10 8.22 13 Dissolv ed O2 mg/l 9.67 11.39 9.97 9.97 12.21 9.54 9.91 14 BOD-5 mg/l 2.81 3.84 1.12 1.85 1.02 1.93 1.07 15 KMnO4 mg O2/l 7.50 10.24 9.28 9.6 9.6 10.88 6.40 16 Oxygen Solu. % 105.45 131.22 116.06 118.97 148.54 116.06 120.56 17 COD from K2Cr2 O7 mg O2/l 4.1 5.25 3.1 2.9 2.5 3.85 2.32 18 Suspended Solids mg/l 1.0 2.6 1.64 1.3 1.2 1.04 1.5 19 Conductivity μS/cm 235 220 202 200 205 220 200 20 Alkalinity (P) ml 0.1 M

HCl 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

21 Alkalinity (M) ml 0.1 M HCl 34 30 30 32 32 31 30

22 Bicarbonate HCO3 mg/l 207.4 183.0 183.0 195.2 195.2 189.10 183.0 23 Hardness U0 Dh 8.74 7.62 7.62 7.84 7.39 8.06 7.62 24 Ca mg/l 32.00 32.0 35.2 38.40 28.8 30.4 32.0 25 Mg mg/l 18.3 13.48 11.56 10.59 14.45 16.37 13.48 26 Na mg/l 2.40 2.80 2.40 2.10 2.80 3.60 2.40 27 K mg/l 0.70 0.80 0.70 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 28 PO4 mg/l 0.04 0.080 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.075 0.000 29 Ammonia N mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 30 NO2 mg/l 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 31 NO3 mg/l 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 32 F mg/l 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.017 0.015 0.025 0.015 33 Cl mg/l 7.5 5.0 5.0 6.0 6.5 8.5 7.50 34 CN mg/l 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 35 SO4 mg/l 8.96 10.24 5.76 7.04 7.68 10.24 5.76 36 CO2 mg/l 11.7 15.8 7.2 8.26 7.86 9.00 7.9 37 Detergents –TBS mg/l 0.002 0.023 0.005 0.000 0.002 0.014 0.000 38 Detergents Triton X 100 mg/l 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 39 Phenols mg/l 0.003 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.0002 0.0005 40 Mineral oils mg/l 0.367 0.435 0.330 0.614 0.000 0.293 0.635 41 Oil and Grease mg/l 2.2 2.3 0.60 1.60 2.1 2.0 8.20 42 As mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01


No Sampling site

Parameter

First right

arm of Morača




Plavnica Murići

43 Cu mg/l 0.0015 0.0015 0.001 0.0005 0.001 0.0006 0.0001 44 B mg/l 0.02 0.03 0.006 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.003 45 Zn mg/l 0.0025 0.0016 0.0013 0.0018 0.0014 0.0006 0.0013 46 Pb mg/l 0.011 0.012 0.012 0.007 0.008 0.007 0.007 47 Cr mg/l 0.004 0.009 0.006 0.005 0.006 0.006 0.0005 48 Cr 6+ mg/l 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 49 Fe mg/l 0.034 0.035 0.032 0.002 0.025 0.045 0.023 50 Mn mg/l 0.0097 0.0093 0.004 0.001 0.005 0.0016 0.0006 51 Cd mg/l 0.0009 0.0011 0.0011 0.0001 0.0009 0.001 0.0002 52 Hg mg/l <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 53 Mo mg/l 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 54 Ba mg/l 0.022 0.003 0.009 0.005 0.004 0.012 0.002 55 Ni mg/l 0.006 0.005 0.005 0.001 0.001 0.003 0.002 64 SiO2 mg/l 2.15 2.08 0.90 1.35 1.05 2.40 2.00 65 Se mg/l mg/l <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 66 Organochlor. Comp.

except pest. PCB-s mg/l mg/l 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

67 a b.

Pesticides: Organochor. Organopho.

μg/l μg/l

0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000

68 Herbicides μg/l not deter. not deter. not deter. not deter. not deter. not deter. not deter. 69 PAH-s* μg/l 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 70 PCB-s and con-

generes μg/l 0.002-0.009

0.001-0.004 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001-

0.004 0.000

71 Substances soluble in chlorophorm mg/l 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

72 Trichalomethanes (THM)** μg/l 9.3 8.22 9.30 3.8 2.05 9.65 6.89

73 TOC mg/l 2.32 1.85 0.47 0.44 0.07 0.05 0.55 74 H2S mg/l 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

75 Radiactivity -Gross α -Gross β

MBq/l

<37 39.5

<37 37.0

<37 38.5

<37 39.4

<37 35.9

<37 40.0

<37 38.9

* PAHs: see above ** THM: see above Concentrations of nutrients in Lake Shkoder in the period 1974 – 2004 (source: CETI):

Year Location NO2-N mg/l NO3-N mg/l PO43- mg/l

Vranjina 1974 0.025 0.09 -

1974-1977 0.000-0.002 0.46-0.61 0.002 1984 HMI 0.000 0.91 -

1989 0.000 0.4-1.0 0.05-0.16 1989-1992 0.000 0.61 0.05 1994 HMI 0.058 0.50 0.34



1998 0.0036 0.22-2.98 0.000-0.002 2000 0.021 0.889 0.000 2001 0.005 0.91 0.004

2002 CETI 0.02-0.03 0.310-1.10 0.190 2002 HMI 0.000-0.03 0.11- 3.98 0.00-0.190 2004 HMI 0.006 1.57 0.09

Virpazar 1974 0.000 0.90 -

1974-77 0.000-0.007 0.40-0.60 0.002 1984 HMI** 0.000 0.20-1.0 0.01-0.13

1989 0.000 0.61 0.10 1989-1992 0.002 0.61 0.10 1994 HMI 0.000 0.61 0.39

1998 0.0036 0.220-0.97 0.0060 2000 0.019 0.579 0.002 2001 0.018 0.220 0.002-0.02

2002 CETI 0.007 0.560 0.000 2002-HMI 0.000-0.008 0.00-0.190 0.00-0.02 2004 HMI 0.003 0.67 0.22

Plavnica 1974 0.035 0.12 -

1974-1979 0.000-0.008 0.9-1.2 0.004 1984 HMI 0.000 0.9 -

1989 0.000 0.8-1.4 0.00-0.09 1989-1992 0.000 0.91 0.026 1994 HMI 0.000 0.60 0.650

1998 0.002 0.22-.092 0.008-0.012 2000 0.016 0.403 0.000 2001 0.007 0.420 0.002

2002 CETI 0.000-0.07 0.210-0.37 0.000-0.160 2002 HMI 0.000-0.007 0.00-0.43 0.00-0.160

2004 0.000 2.36 0.09 Karuc*

1988 0.001 0.61 0.000 1991 0.000-0.002 0.00-0.068 0.00-0.015 1992 0.000-0.010 0.00-0.18 0.00-0.16 1993 0.000-0.002 0.00-0.92 0.00-0.15

2001 HMI 0.000-0.003 0.00-0.61 0.008-0.46 2005 <0.005 1.63 0.005

Other points 1998 Podhum 0.0067-0.146 0.40-11.9 0.005-0.022

Ckla 0.002-0.112 0.027-1.78 0.002-0.004 Middle of lake 0.001-0.118 0.11-0.22 0.001-0.003

2000 Podhum 0.000 0.579 0.003 Ckla 0.004 0.081 0.006 Middle of lake 0.007 0.09 0.004

2001 Podhum 0.023 1.31 0.002 Ckla 0.004 0.09 0.003 Middle of lake 0.004 0.09 0.004



2002 Podhum 0.03 0.31-1.39 0.000-0.01 Ckla 0.000-0.05 0.06-1.11 0.000-0.005 Middle of lake 0.000-0.010 0.310 0.003-0.160

* Mean value from 12 months (presence of trout cages: food for fish ?) ** The v alues from HMI (Hy drometeorological Institute) are always higher than the other laboratories. May

be incorrect method of analysis (influence of SiO2) ? Water quality in Lake Shkoder in 1986 (HMI Podg.):

Station visible waste

pH %O2 O2 BOD5 mg/l

COD mg/l

susp. solids mg/l

Fe mg/l

Phenol mg/l

Vranjina no 8.15 137 10.7 4.3 5.5 6 0.37 0.002 Virpazar no 8.32 91 8.0 5.1 6.3 15 0.30 0.002 D.Plavnica no 8.19 60 6.0 4.0 4.0 8 0.29 0.002

The phosphate content is similar to the concentration in the River Moraca and is be-tween 0.05-0.42 mg/l PO4. The highest values of the concentration of the detergent are measured at the station Donja Plavnica and this between 0.28-0.175 mg/l. The lake w a-ter quality is graded according to the chemistry indicators and is between the 2nd and 3rd class and compared w ith the previous year the quality changes were insignif icant. Water quality in Lake Shkoder in 1980 (HMI Podg.):

Profile O2 dis-solved in

mg/l

% sat. O2 BOD5 O2 in mg/l

COD (KMnO4)

susp. sol-ids in mg/l

dry residue in mg/l

pH

Vranjina 9.1 124.3 5.3 2.4 7 222 7.98-8.41 Virpazar 9.4 85.8 5.6 2.9 11 241 7.74-8.48 D.Plavnica 8.3 123.3 3.2 2.6 11 174 7.92-8.57

Profile visible waste noticeable colour and smell

evap. phenol matter total Fe in mg/l NBKK/l

Vranjina no no 0.004 0.22 240,000 Virpazar no no 0.002 0.15 240,000 D.Plavnica no no 0.002 0.10 240,000 Compared to the previous year BOD5 is slightly lower, but still in the third class of the surface waters. At the station Donja Plavnica, due to this parameter, the quality is greater by two classes. The mineralisation indicators for all three stations are w ithout changes and the water quality compared to them is betw een the f irst and second class. pH values are without noticeable changes. The microbiological results were similar in 1980 and 1979. The lake is, at the examined stations, within the limits of class IV: the values for NBKK (the most believable number of the colic bacteria) in 1 liter of water is 240 000. Because of these results the Lake Shkoder water is in class IV.


Concentrations of pollutants in surface water on the Albanian side of Lake Shkoder in 2003 (source: A. Neziri, Shkodra University in collaboration with Univ. of Gratz, Austria):

ParameterLocation

Cr Co Ni Cu Zn As Cd Sn Hg Pb

Ura e bunes µg/l 1.5 0.2 1.9 1.4 1.64 0.6 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 0.8 Ura e bahcall µg/l 1.8 0.3 4.1 1.5 < 0.1 1.7 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 Dajlon µg/l 1.4 0.2 1.6 0.3 < 0.1 0.3 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 Zus µg/l 1.4 0.2 1.7 0.4 < 0.1 0.2 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 Shiroka µg/l 1.6 0.2 1.6 2.7 5.6 0.2 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 0.6 Peshkimi µg/l 1.6 0.2 1.5 1.6 < 0.1 0.4 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 0.1 Refer water µg/l 3.35 1.92 2.5 8 4.6 2.67 1.61 0.16 0.18 2.58 Concentrations of nutrients in surface water on the Albanian side of Lake Shkoder in 2001-2002: Nutrient Mean Min Max Range S.dev. No. of meas. Ammonium 0.036 0.01 0.09 0.08 0.019 54 Nitrite 0.017 0.01 0.055 0.045 0.01 28 Nitrate 0.23 0.07 1.5 1.43 0.27 44 Phosphate 0.024 0.01 0.045 0.035 0.013 35 Total N 0.325 0.1 0.63 0.53 0.16 20 Total P 0.016 0.01 0.077 0.067 0.05 18 Source: Final Report “ Integrated Monitoring of Shkodra Lake”, Shkodra & Podgorica (Oct. 2002). Concentrations of nutrients in surface water on the Albanian side of Lake Shkoder in 2002: Station date temp. pH DO N-NH4 N-NO2 N-NO3 P-PO4 P-total Conduct. ºC mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l μs/cm 20ºC Shiroke / 0 m 19.03.2002 12.9 7.80 9.36 0.020 0.0030 0.41 0.008 0.010 270 Shiroke / 5 m 19.03.2002 12.9 7.90 9.43 0.022 0.0025 0.40 0.007 0.010 275 Zogaj / 0 m 19.03.2002 13.0 7.90 9.72 0.018 0.0030 0.45 0.009 0.011 275 Zogaj / 5 m 19.03.2002 12.8 7.90 9.72 0.020 0.0030 0.44 0.008 0.010 280 Bajza / 0 m 19.03.2002 13.0 7.90 9.90 0.019 0.0025 0.43 0.008 0.011 273 Bajza / 5 m 19.03.2002 12.7 7.95 9.90 0.019 0.0020 0.45 0.009 0.012 270 Shiroke / 0 m 16.05.2002 22.4 8.20 8.55 0.015 0.012 0.30 0.009 0.010 256 Shiroke / fund 16.05.2002 22.2 8.30 8.48 0.014 0.009 0.28 0.008 0.010 254 Zogaj / 0 m 16.05.2002 22.3 8.15 8.52 0.013 0.010 0.30 0.009 0.011 255 Zogaj / fund 16.05.2002 22.2 8.20 8.54 0.012 0.008 0.32 0.010 0.012 255 Bajza / 0 m 16.05.2002 22.5 8.25 8.35 0.014 0.007 0.32 0.009 0.012 256 Bajza / fund 16.05.2002 22.4 8.20 8.40 0.012 0.006 0.30 0.008 0.011 255 Shiroke / 0 m 19.09.2002 24.6 7.80 7.91 0.012 0.002 0.12 0.007 0.025 221 Shiroke / fund 19.09.2002 24.0 7.80 7.35 0.012 0.002 0.14 0.009 0.027 222 Zogaj / 0 m 19.09.2002 22.9 7.82 7.55 0.015 0.002 0.11 0.008 0.024 224 Zogaj / fund 19.09.2002 22.8 7.80 7.40 0.012 0.002 0.15 0.008 0.022 224 Bajza / 0 m 19.09.2002 23.6 7.90 7.73 0.012 0.002 0.10 0.007 0.021 224 Bajza / fund 19.09.2002 22.8 7.85 7.45 0.014 0.002 0.13 0.008 0.020 223


Shiroke / 0 m 12.11.2002 13.3 7.80 9.20 0.012 0.003 0.20 0.006 0.008 320 Shiroke / 5 m 12.11.2002 13.4 7.82 8.65 0.014 0.002 0.18 0.005 0.006 313 Zogaj / 0 m 12.11.2002 13.1 7.80 8.65 0.012 0.003 0.18 0.005 0.006 308 Zogaj / 5 m 12.11.2002 13.0 7.90 9.02 0.010 0.003 0.20 0.006 0.008 322 Bajza / 0m 12.11.2002 13.2 7.90 8.46 0.010 0.002 0.20 0.006 0.008 308 Bajza / 5m 12.11.2002 13.4 7.95 8.46 0.012 0.002 0.18 0.005 0.006 314 Source: Final Report “ Integrated Monitoring of Shkodra Lake”, Shkodra & Podgorica (Oct. 2002). Concentration of heavy metals in water and sediments on the Albanian side of Lake Shkoder in 2003 (in mg/l): Cu Zn Cd Pb Cr Mn Co Fe Water 21.5 45.4 0.54 5.11 21.3 14.5 0 28.5 Suspended solids 2.8 2.28 1.18 2.12 1.48 17.3 6.68 1.97 Total in sediments 30.0 53.3 2.17 34.9 36.7 145.5 16.8 26,175 Source: Bekteshi a. & Mijovic S. 2003. Preliminary data on the concentration of metals in the Shkodra Lake. Bul. Shk. Ser. Shk. Nat., 53: 293-34.

Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes VII - 1 20 April 2006

Annex VII Suspended matter quality Pollution w ith PAH-s and heavy metals in suspended matter, average and maximum from January to September 2005 (in mg/l): Parameter Location

PAH-s Pb Cd Zn Cu Hg As

CETI mean 0.159 0.076 0.05 0.12 0.02 0.00 0.00 max 5.747 0.650 0.026 0.33 0. 06 0.00 0.01 Konik mean 0.097 0.031 0.011 0.020 0.01 0.00 0.00 max 30.680 0.220 0.040 0.230 0.05 0.00 0.03 Donja Gorica

mean 0.181 0.063 0.016 0.04 0.013 0.00 0.00

max 11.650 0.500 0.075 0.23 0.04 0.00 0.00 Srpska mean 2.179 0.032 0.022 0.067 0.03 0.00 0.02 max 18.958 0.196 0.095 0.321 0.067 0.00 0.04 MPL-GVZd 0.1 2 0.04 1 2.5

MPL = maximum permitted limit GVZd = maximum value: allowed (C95%; granična vrijednost zagađenja – dozvoljena) Concentration of heavy metals in water and sediments on the Albanian side of Lake Shkoder in 2003 (in mg/l): Cu Zn Cd Pb Cr Mn Co Fe Water 21.5 45.4 0.54 5.11 21.3 14.5 0 28.5 Suspended solids 2.8 2.28 1.18 2.12 1.48 17.3 6.68 1.97 Total in sediments 30.0 53.3 2.17 34.9 36.7 145.5 16.8 26,175 Source: Bekteshi a. & Mijovic S. 2003. Preliminary data on the concentration of metals in the Shkodra Lake. Bul. Shk. Ser. Shk. Nat., 53: 293-34.

Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes VIII - 1 20 April 2006

Annex VIII Sediment and soil quality Pollutants in sediments (in mg/kg, unless specif ied otherwise), 2005:

Sampling site

Parameter

2 SH Skadar

2 SHa Skadar

5 Ma Nat. Park

5 M Nat. Park

River Bisevina

Karuc Kamenik- Modro oko

River Moraca, right arm

Cu 3.7 10 12.2 10.5 Cd <0.625 <0.625 <0.625 <0.625 Cr 15.0 20.0 29.7 22.5 15 27.5 45 42.5 Pb <5.0 <5.0 <5.0 <5.0 <5.0 <5.0 <5.0 <5.0 Hg 0.487 1.10 1.77 0.36 1.12 0.62 0.36 0.29 As <5 7.0 <5 <5 Co 2 6 6.2 5.2 Zn 10.2 15.75 18.5 16.7 12 40 20 20 Ni 20 22.5 62.5 65 B <1.25 <1.25 <1.25 <1.25 Al, in % 0.375 0.52 0.455 0.35 Mo <5 <5 <5 <5 F 8.74 14.26 20.85 19.53 Mineral oils 1.303 <0.001 3.333 14.07 Org. Chlor. Pesti-cides

<0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

PAH-s, μg/kg 0.06 0.046 0.154 0.042 0.014 0.025 0.047 0.09 PCB-s, μg/kg <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Congeners of PCB, μg/kg

<0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005

Concentrations of pollutants in sediments on the Albanian side of Lake Shkoder in 2003 (in mg/kg):

ParameterLocation Cr Co Ni Cu As Cd Sn Hg Pb

Peshkimi 70.1 19.2 127 40.6 10.7 0.7 < 0.5 < 0.5 26.7 Kamice 19.6 5.4 22.8 10.1 4.1 0.5 < 0.5 < 0.5 10.1 Dajlon 117.7 22.5 221.7 28.8 8.6 0.3 < 0.5 < 0.5 14.6 Ura e Bah 159.5 24 321.2 25.7 5.7 0.2 < 0.5 < 0.5 6 Ura e Bun 92.6 22.7 176.5 38.9 9.6 0.4 < 0.5 < 0.5 27.3 Zues 195.8 35.4 385.8 36.5 6.9 0.2 < 0.5 < 0.5 18.8 Sterbeq 23.2 5.5 25.9 10.4 4.7 0.5 < 0.5 < 0.5 5 Shiroka 77.7 17.6 136.1 24.6 8.5 0.4 < 0.5 < 0.5 16 Zogaj 58.5 10.8 77.4 21.5 6.2 0.9 < 0.5 < 0.5 23.4 Ref. sample 16.3 6.88 15.07 88.1 94.5 40.9 0.21 7.15 1078.6 Source: A. Neziri, Shkodra University in collaboration with Univ. of Gratz, Austria

9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Lake Shkoder TDA 20 April 2006 VIII - 2 Final Report: Annexes

Concentration of heavy metals in water and sediments on the Albanian side of Lake Shkoder in 2003 (in mg/l): Cu Zn Cd Pb Cr Mn Co Fe Water 21.5 45.4 0.54 5.11 21.3 14.5 0 28.5 Suspended solids 2.8 2.28 1.18 2.12 1.48 17.3 6.68 1.97 Total in sediments 30.0 53.3 2.17 34.9 36.7 145.5 16.8 26,175 Source: Bekteshi a. & Mijovic S. 2003. Preliminary data on the concentration of metals in the Shkodra Lake. Bul. Shk. Ser. Shk. Nat., 53: 293-34. Pollutants in sediments (in mg/kg, unless specif ied otherwise), 1993-1996: Sampling site Parameter

First right arm of Morača




Plavnica Murići

Cu 3.40 19.40 0.40 0.70 1.00 0.80 1.00 Cd 0.92 1.66 1.06 1.30 1.30 1.06 1.20 Cr 4.60 8.60 6.40 6.40 6.40 8.60 6.46 Pb 14.90 30.00 12.40 12.80 13.20 14.00 14.40 Mn 264.00 400.00 120.00 296.00 450.00 274.00 440.00 Fe 1221.67 5738.93 12.00 16.00 294.00 60.59 144.00 Zn 2.40 14.60 1.00 1.00 1.70 1.00 1.40 Ni 7.00 4.00 4.00 5.60 2.00 5.20 6.00 Al 1.28 0.44 1.87 8.02 2.80 1.86 5.62 F 19.18 35.03 31.62 83.23 32.83 41.41 78.74 pH 7.54 7.17 7.35 6.87 6.86 6.67 6.81 Mineral oils 20.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 20.00 10.00 20.00 SiO2 675.00 125.00 500.00 200.00 600.00 350.00 313.00 PAH-s, μg/kg 0.300 0.500 1.00 0.200 0.000 0.900 0.100 PCB-s, μg/kg 0.80-17.89 1.76-100.70 0.000 0.013 0.000 0.12-1.90 0.000 Source: CETI, Zeta Plain Phase II study. Pollution of sediments w ith PCB-s and PAH-s in 1990-1996:

Sediment PCB-s in ug/l-kg PAH-s in ug/l-kg Station Av g Max Av g Max Vranjina 0.004 0.18 0 0 Moraca-L 1.76 100.7 0 0 Plav nica 0.12 1.25 0 0 Lake Shkoder 11.76 528.4 0 0

Source: CETI Pollution of soil near the KAP w ith PCB-s in 1990-1996:

Soil PCB-s Station mg/kg mg/kg Piezometer B-17 0.225 381.1 B-18 0.051 17.31 B-19 0.125 52.28

Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes VIII - 3 20 April 2006

Soil PCB-s Station mg/kg mg/kg AS-1 10.49 245.4 AS-2 1.23 73.50 AS-3 14.39 144.9 Srpska 0.23 0.469 Botun 0.452 0.783 Mahala 0.125 0.234

Source: CETI

Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes IX - 1 20 April 2006

Annex IX Groundwater quality PCB-s in the wells on the Zeta Plain in 1992-1993 (values in μg/l; for the sectors: see Annex X):

Sector

Number of sam-ples with PCB-s

Min. value Avg. value Max. value

I 24 0.000 1.923 20.00 II 127 0.000 1.984 24.63 III 19 0.000 0.595 2.01 IV 10 0.000 0.149 0.743

Source: Zeta Plain Study PCB-s, Phase I PCB-s in the wells on the Zeta Plain in 1993-1996 (values in μg/l; for the sectors: see Annex X):

Sector



I 19 of 89 0.000 2.57 14.35 II 37 of 125 0.000 7.36 78.10 III 10 of 36 0.000 0.336 27.28 IV 0 of 53 0.000 0.00 0.00

Source: Zeta Plain Study PCB-s, Phase II PCB-s in the wells on the Zeta Plain in 1998-2004 (values in μg/l; for the sectors: see Annex X):

Sector



I 0 of 100 0.000 0.000 0.000 II 3 of 520 0.000 0.00013 0.0005 III 1 of 400 0.000 0.0001 0.0001 IV 0 of 100 0.000 0.000 0.000

Source: Zeta Plain monitoring, CETI Pollution of groundwater on the Zeta Plain in 1990-1996 (values in μg/l; for the sectors: see map in Annex X):

Groundwater pH

F mg/l

PCB-s ug/l-kg

PAH-s ug/l-kg

Fenols ug/l-kg

Sector Av g Max Av g Max Av g Max Av g Max Av g Max I 7.3 7.7 0.125 1.10 1.923 20.12 1.386 9.46 0.5 2.1 II 8.24 12.31 1.44 51.56 1.98 78.10 4.23 198.1 2.9 12.6 III 7.2 7.5 0.262 1.07 0.585 2.01 2.91 11.9 1.2 2.3 IV 7.46 7.55 0.329 2.66 0.149 0.743 0.425 1.73 0.75 1.55

Source: CETI.

9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Lake Shkoder TDA 20 April 2006 VIII - 2 Final Report: Annexes

Water quality of the Shegani Spring near Shkodra in 2004-2005: Parameter Unit Mean Min Max Std. Dev. Temperature OC 11.4 10.1 12.7 0.7 pH 7.6 5.5 8.7 0.7 DO mg/l 9.9 8.2 11.9 1.3 DO % 92.4 75.50 114.3 14 Conductivity μS/cm 260.5 200.0 327.0 38 Alkalinity Meq/l 2.94 2.1 3.9 0.4 Total Hardness mg CaCO3/l 168.7 135.7 181.9 12 COD mg/l 124.7 112 138 7.6 Nitrite mg/l 0.036 0.02 0.06 0.015 Nitrate mg/l 1.3 0.6 2.3 0.6 Ammonium mg/l 0.12 0.05 0.34 0.09 Phosphate mg/l 0.08 0.06 0.09 0.01

Source: Bekteshi, 2004. Water quality of the Viri Spring near Shkodra in 2004-2005: Parameter Unit Mean Min Max Std. Dev. Temperature OC 12.04 9.9 13.5 1.1 pH 7.72 6.0 8.2 0.6 DO mg/l 8.6 4.6 11.1 2.1 DO % 83.4 41.5 11.6 20 Conductivity μS/cm 261.7 214 330 40 Alkalinity Meq/l 2.98 2.37 3.8 0.44 Total Hardness mg CaCO3/ l 163 134.1 184.3 13.8 COD mg/l 129.8 108 139 7.7 Nitrite mg/l 0.03 0.02 0.08 0.02 Nitrate mg/l 1.29 0.98 1.8 0.34 Ammonium mg/l 0.066 0.02 0.15 0.035 Phosphate mg/l 0.162 0.08 0.25 0.04

Source: Bekteshi, 2004.

Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes X - 1 20 April 2006

Annex X KAP-related pollution studies Research was done on the groundwater of the Zeta Plain after alkaline eff luents spilt from aluminium factory (KAP) in 1974, two years after the start of f illing Basin 1 w ith ‘red mud’. Alcaline water can be found until present. In 1990 research started to investigate PCB pollution by the KAP. The f irst research was conducted at the sites where an accident took place within the aluminium factory. The results indicated serious pollution. In 1990 and 1991 the following was analyzed (see map next page): - 30 soil samples from BA-17 bore hole in KAP; - 28 soil samples from AS- I and 20 samples from AS-II; - 5 soil samples from AS-III and 11 samples from the BA-18 borehole; - 15 samples from BA-19 and 31 samples from all other boreholes from KAP existing

in 1991; - individual wells near the KAP–41 object; - 11 samples from Lake Shkoder and Moraca River; - 3 samples from old sites of pyralen accidents in KAP; - 13 samples of the river and lake sediment; - 3 samples of macrophyte vegetation; - 3 samples of different species of the f ishes and 6 samples of the human milk. In the period 1992-1993, the “Study on Establishing the Environmental Quality in the Zeta Plain, Phase I” was executed. In this study the groundwater from over the 178 household wells and 22 piezometers in the area surrounding the aluminium plant w ere analyzed (see maps follow ing pages). The study confirmed the previous f indings: groundwaters are considerably polluted in one part of Zeta valley, downstream from the KAP. The research found alkaline water (pH>9) and traced f luorides, sodium, PCBs, PAHs, mineral oils, phenols etc. The “Study on Establishing the Environmental Quality in the Zeta Plain, Phase II” w as conducted in 1993-1996. It encompassed physical-chemical, hydrological and microbi-ological examinations in a larger scope than in the f irst phase. During this study the fol-low ing was analyzed: - Groundwater samples from 325 household wells and 40 piezometers in the area sur-

rounding the aluminium plant (KAP); - Samples from 40 sites on surface waters and samples of 40 sites on river and lake

sediments. Water samples were taken four times a year - About 100 soil samples around the KAP and 80 samples of macrophytes from 7

sites; - Over 250 samples of food (milk, eggs, f ishes, meet of cows and chickens), vegeta-

bles (e.g. cabbage); Some results of the Zeta Plain studies can be found in the following annexes.

9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Lake Shkoder TDA 20 April 2006 X - 2 Final Report: Annexes

Sampling locations (boreholes) for PCB-s near the KAP, 1990-1991:


Locations (sectors) sampled once in the Zeta Plain, 1993-1996 (Phase II Zeta Plain Study):

9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Lake Shkoder TDA 20 April 2006 X - 4 Final Report: Annexes

Sampling locations in the Zeta Plain, 1993-1996 (Phase II Zeta Plain Study); annually four samples were analysed from these sites (KAP factory in red square):


Areas and locations downstream of the KAP, polluted w ith PCB-s, alkaline w aters (pH >8.5), Fluorine and PAH-s:

Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes XI - 1 20 April 2006

Annex XI Accumulation of pollutants in biota Heavy metals in f ish samples in 2005 (in mg/kg):

Parameter Species Pb Zn Cr Al Hg

Krap < 0.10 11.7-30.2 < 0.05 0.22-0.77 0.15-0.20 Kinez - 19.9 < 0.05 2.1 0.19 Grgec <0.10 6.7-7.1 < 0.05 0.37-0.72 0.23-0.32 Brona Jegulja <0.10 12.4-16.9 < 0.05 0.57-1.14 0.17-0.31 Ukljeva <0.10 11.5-12.9 < 0.05 1.05-1.20 0.40 Ljolja 9.7-12.4 < 0.05 0.60-2.10 0.06-0.32 Klijen <0.10 8.02-11.2 < 0.05 0.72-0.84 0.20-0.35 Heavy metals in f ish samples in 2001 (in mg/kg):

Parameter Species Pb Cd As Cr Ni Fe Al Mn Krap 0.00 0.00 < 0.10 0.21 2.7 2.75 1.01 0.07 Kinez 0.00 0.00 < 0.10 0.12 0.05 4.50 0.80 0.15 Grgec 0.00 0.00 < 0.10 0.11 0.09 2.25 3.50 0.75 Brona 0.042 0.00 < 0.10 0.02 0.00 5.30 4.00 1.55 Jegulja 0.03 0.00 < 0.10 0.01 0.03 2.80 3.10 Pollutants in f ish samples in 2005 (in mg/kg):

Date 27.06. 2005

27.06. 2005

27.06. 2005

23.05. 2005

23.05. 2005

23.05. 2005

27.06. 2005

27.06. 2005

27.06. 2005

27.06. 2005

27.06 2005

Location Zogaj Zogaj Zogaj Zogaj Zogaj Zogaj Kamic Kamic 5M Our Site

5M Our Site

5M Our Site

Species Parameter

Šaran Cyprinus carpio

Jegulja Ell

Ukljeva Alburnus arborela


Jegulja Ell

Ukljeva Alburnus arborela

Klijen Leuciscus tephalus

Ljolja Rud


Kinez Carassius avratus

Brona Roch

Al 0.77 0.67 1.2 0.77 0.67 1.2 0.85 0.37 1.25 0.90 0.75 Cr <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 Zn 20.07 16.9 11.5 20.07 16.9 11.5 8.15 16.3 17.9 11.2 10.2 Pb <0.10 / / <0.10 / / <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 Hg 0.17 / / 0.17 / / 0.023 0.03 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 PAH 0.003 0.002 0.013 0.003 0.002 0.013 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 PCB 0.019* 0.015* 0.007* 0.019* 0.015* 0.007* <0.0202* 0.0095* <0.002 0.08* 0.0052 Histamins <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

* Arochlor 1260

9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Lake Shkoder TDA 20 April 2006 XI - 2 Final Report: Annexes

Pollutants in f ish samples in 2005 (in mg/kg; continued):

Date 27.06. 2005

27.06. 2005

27.06. 2005

27.06. 2005

23.05. 2005

23.05. 2005

23.05. 2005

23.05. 2005

23.05. 2005

23.05. 2005

23.05. 2005

Location Dajlon Dajlon Dajlon Dajlon 1B 1B 1B 2SH Skadar

2SH Skadar

2SH Skadar

3C

Species Parameter

Šaran Cyprinus

carpio

Brona Roch

Jegulja Anguilla anguilla

Klijen Leuciscus tephalus



Ukljeva Alburnus albidus alborella

Šaran Carp

Jegulja Ell

Ukljeva Alburnus alborella


Al poor sample

0.82 poor sample

poor sample

0.5 0.57 1.05 0.77 0.67 1.2 6.72

Cr <0.05 <0.05 poor sample

poor sample

<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

Zn poor sample

15.3 poor sample

poor sample

12.0 16.4 12.9 20.07 16.9 11.5 30.2

Pb <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.1 <0.10 <0.10 / / <0.10 Hg 0.012 0.021 <0.01 0.013 0.16 0.31 0.40 0.17 / / 0.20 PAH <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.016 0.015 0.008 0.003 0.002 0.013 <0.001 PCB poor

sample poor

sample <0.002 poor

sample <0.001 0.022* <0.001 0.019* 0.015* 0.007* <0.001

Histamins <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 Pollutants in f ish samples in 2005 (in mg/kg); continued):

Date 23.05. 2005

23.05. 2005

23.05. 2005

23.05. 2005

23.05. 2005

23.05. 2005

23.05. 2005

23.05. 2005

23.05. 2005

23.05. 2005

27.06. 2005

Location 3C 3C 3C 4K 4K 4K 4K 4K 6P 6P 5M Species Parameter

Ljolja Rudd

Grgeč Perca

fluviatilis

Kinez German

Carp


Ljolja Rudd

Grgeč Perca

fluviatilis

Kinez Geman Carp

Klijen Chub

Ljolja Rudd

Klijen Chub

Brona Roch

Al 2.1 0.72 2.1 0.24 0.60 0.37 2.1 0.72 0.80 0.84 0.75 Cr <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 Zn 9.7 7.1 19.9 11.7 12.4 6.7 19.9 8.02 11.4 11.2 10.2 Pb <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 Hg 0.06 0.23 0.16 0.15 0.19 0.32 0.19 0.20 0.32 0.35 <0.01 PAH <0.001 <0.001 0.013 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.014 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 PCB 0.01* <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.037* 0.009* 0.014* 0.0052* Histamins <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05


Pollutants in f ish samples in 2005 (in mg/kg; continued): Date 24.05.

2005 24.05. 2005

24.05. 2005

27.06. 2005

27.06. 2005

27.04. 2005

27.04. 2005

27.04. 2005

27.04. 2005

Location National Park

National Park

National Park

5M Our site

5M Our site

Shirok Shirok Shirok Shirok

Species Parameter

Šaran Cyprinus

carpio


Ukljeva Alburnus albidus

alborella

Šaran Cyprinuscarpio

Kinez Carassius avratus

Grgeč Perca flu-viatilis


Ukljeva Alburnus albidus alborella

Brona Roch

Al 0.82 0.54 1.03 1.25 0.90 0.35 0. 57 poor sample

0.32

Cr <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 poor sample

<0.05

Zn 22.0 11.2 11.8 17.9 11.2 6.35 12.0 9.07 Pb <0.10 <0.1 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 Hg 0.18 0.15 0.24 <0.01 <0.01 0.048 0.022 0.061 0.028 PAH 0.009 <0.001 <0.001 0.011 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 PCB-s 0.050 0.050 <0.001 0.068 0.016 poor

sample <0.001 poor

sample poor

sample Histamins <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 Remark: Precise sample locations of the fishes are unknown, but they originate from the whole lake Pollutants in macrophyte samples in 2005 (in mg/kg):

Location Parameter Bisevina Karuc Moraca River - right arm

Hg 0.25 0.26 0.33 PAH-s 0.006 0.003 0.003 PCB-s + congeners <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 PCB-s <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

PCB-s in SPMD and f ish samples from Lake Shkoder (in μg/ SPMD; see map below): Site A1 Site A2 Site A3 Site M1 Site M2 Site M3 PCB 28 0.19 0.45 0.21 1.03 0.33 1.14 PCB 52 0.51 1.43 1.06 0.86 0.38 2.72 PCB 103 0.15 0.11 0.11 1.65 1.18 0.49 PCB 101 0.70 2.50 1.02 0.87 0.56 4.64 PCB 153 0.57 1.92 0.47 0.43 0.28 3.85 PCB 138 0.59 2.26 0.52 0.42 0.36 5.15 PCB 193 n.d. 0.32 0.28 1.65 0.82 0.65 PCB 180 0.09 0.91 0.17 0.13 0.08 1.37 Total PCB-s 13.3 47.4 17.3 18.7 9.95 94.4 n.d. = not detected Site location: see map below

Anila Neziri1, Andrew Rastall2, 3, Henner Hollert4, Thomas B. Seiler4, Jens Otte4, and Lothar Erdinger2 : 1. Department of Biology and Chemistry, University of Shkodra, Albania; 2. University of Heidelberg, Ger-many; 3 The Open University, UK; 4. University of Heidelberg, Institute of Zoology, Germany


Site locations SPMD samples:

PCB-s content in f ish tissue from Lake Shkoder: Fish species Weight (g) Length (cm) PCB-s (µg/kg) carp 122.6 20 44.80 bleak 35.2 16 103.5 black roach 67.3 16 50.20 pike 109.8 21 47.85 perch 40.6 14 35.45 Prussian carp 82.3 17 39.80 rudd 147.2 21.5 200.4 roach 73.2 18.3 80.10

Source: same as prev ious table Pollutants in biota on the Albanian side of Lake Shkoder in 2002. Samples were taken in the Vrakës River (3 locations), Shiroke (1 location) and Buna River (1 location): Pesticide In μg/kg

Carp Eel Stone loach

Flounder Roach Coot Mullet Sneep Twaite Shad

a-HCH 3.01 2.09 6.38 6.79 3.74 1.06 6.60 6.49 1.96 HCB 6.79 5.97 1.79 9.10 4.98 1.81 1.28 15.57 20.01 b-HCH 1.58 1.03 6.37 1.32 2.21 1.68 1.53 7.90 2.92 Lindane 9.98 7.84 1.09 2.81 2.36 1.08 3.21 3.37 9.21 d-HCH 2.03 3.34 0.00 7.23 9.25 1.61 0.00 2.41 3.29 Heptaclor 1.38 5.68 0.00 0.00 2.25 4.21 2.12 1.82 0.00 Aldrin 6.72 0.00 4.19 4.49 5.71 3.61 8.28 3.02 2.51 Heptaetox i 2.65 0.00 3.84 1.43 1.11 3.81 1.87 7.25 7.74 2,4’-DDE 5.79 8.07 7.62 5.39 4.92 8.73 6.38 8.81 6.66


Pesticide In μg/kg

Carp Eel Stone loach

Flounder Roach Coot Mullet Sneep Twaite Shad

Endoxan 1 1.87 3.06 3.35 2.85 2.72 6.44 2.00 1.19 1.11 Dieldrin 4.14 1.73 4.06 2.86 2.67 2.20 11.79 0.00 3.75 4,4’-DDE 8.46 0.00 4.00 0.00 1.27 5.05 2.13 6.65 5.90 Endrin 7.70 0.00 3.33 1.28 1.21 5.06 1.45 0.00 5.63 Endoxan 2 2.36 2.57 4.93 5.73 3.67 1.18 2.42 3.31 5.99 4,4’-DDD 7.66 3.25 9.29 8.92 1.50 2.05 2.95 1.07 1.21 4,4’-DDT 2.93 1.44 3.17 2.28 3.54 2.39 5.60 5.55 2.68 Methoxychlor 0.00 1.64 5.70 2.58 0.00 1.94 3.22 0.00 5.56 Mirex 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.15 0.00 1.09 0.00 3.13 2.29 TOTAL 12.41 14.21 16.00 17.51 17.61 21.76 28.62 38.52 47.42 Source: University of Tirana (A. Nuro & E. Marku), 2002; Teme Diplome: Percaktimi I pesticideve kloror-ganike ne sedimentet dhe bioten e liqenit te Shkodres Pollutants in macrophytes (in mg/kg, unless specif ied otherw ise), 1993-1996: Sampling sites Parameters

First right arm of Morača

River

First left arm of Morača River Crni Žar Bay of

Hum Center of

lake (Raduš)

Plavnica Murići

Cu 0.37 0.34 0.05 0.05 0.38 0.17 0.01 Cd 2.65 1.49 0.92 1.05 2.49 1.12 2.76 Cr 1.15 0.67 0.26 0.19 0.89 0.43 0.64 Pb 110.15 27.59 25.71 28.92 82.46 52.51 56.44 Mn 1.32 1.49 0.00 0.00 1.27 0.00 0.21 Fe 0.22 0.09 0.29 0.23 0.63 0.15 0.25 Zn 24.40 17.60 25.30 12.90 34.30 34.20 23.90 Ni 1.76 0.87 0.09 0.21 0.13 0.00 0.21 Al 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 F 176.00 675.00 1206.00 360.00 105.00 441.00 318.00 Oil and grease 64.00 375.00 91.00 160.00 39.00 331.00 102.00 Mineral oils 88.26 80.25 40.59 0.00 221.10 77.27 42.71 SiO2 110.84 66.67 128.94 165.85 79.60 128.78 203.04 PAH-s μg/kg 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.010 PCB-s μg/kg 1.22-11.04 0.04-1.71 0.000 0.007-0.313 0.02-0.855 0.07-0.315 0.000 Source: CETI, Zeta Plain Phase II study.


PCB-s in f ish samples from Lake Shkoder (in μg/kg): Species 1978* 1990 1992 1996 1998 2001 2004 2005 Common Carp 3.000 0.138 6.21 713.0

2.68 0.00 - 0.019

<0.001 <0.001

German Carp (Kinez)

- - - - - 0.00 - <0.001 <0.001

Alburnus arborela (Ukljeva)

- 0.912 4.14 498.0 5.40 0.00 - 0.007 <0.001

Ell (Jegulja) - 0.092 41.0 2,200.0 1.3 - - 0.015 0.022 0.068

Perch (Grgec) - - - - - - - <0.001 <0.001

Chub (Klijen) - - - - - - - 0.037 0.014 0.016

Rudd (Ljolja) - - - - - - 0.656** <0.001 0.009

Roch (Brona) - - - - - - - 0.01 Salmon (Troth) - - - - - - 0.744** -

* Data from "The biota and limnology of Lake Skadar" ** The fish was caught in the River Moraca after an accident in the KAP Pollutants in macrophytes in 1990-1996:

Macrofites PCB-s Station ug/kg ug/kg Vranjina 0.005 0.225 Moraca-L 0.038 1.71 Moraca-D 1.22 11.04 Palv nicqa 0.007 0.315 Lake Shkoder-Bridge 0.025 1.125 Lake Shkoder Radus 0.019 0.855 Lake Shkoder Grmozur 0.007 0.315

Source: CETI. Pollutants in various biological materials in 1990-1996 (in μg/kg): Biologic material PCB-s PAH-s Human milk 0.001 0.006 Av g Max Cow milk 3.89 69.9 Eggs 207.6 451.8 Fish-Carp 2.68 713.0 Fish “jegulja” 1.3 2200 Fish “ukljeva” 5.4 498.6 Meat cow 2.89 18.6 0.12 0.45

Source: CETI.

Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes XII - 1 20 April 2006

Annex XII Classification of waters in Montenegro [The following text is, adapted, from the Hydrometeorological Institute, Podgorica] There are many legal acts concerning water quality in Montenegro. For the classif ication of the quality of waters HMI uses the statute of the classif ication and categorization of waters (Sl.I.RCG14/96), with the change in the Statute about the exchanges (SL.I.RCG15/97) as valid even with some gaps, imprecise measuring and reviews. I The General Statute Article 1 The classif ication and categorization of the surface and groundwaters on the land and coastal seawaters in the Republic of Montenegro are confirmed by this Statute. II The classif ication of waters Article 2 Tow ards the use there is the general division of waters into: - waters that can be used for drinking, - waters that can be used for f ishing and f ish cultivation, - waters that can be used for bathing (except the swimming pools waters and waters

used for therapeutic purposes). Article 3 Waters that can be used for drinking are classif ied into: 1. Class A1 waters in the natural state or which after disinfections can be used for drink-

ing; 2. Class A2 waters that can be used for drinking after the treatment of prechlorinization

coagulation decontamination, f iltration, absorption on the active coal and disinfection by the ozone and chlorine;

3. Class A3 waters that can be used for drinking after the treatment that demands in-tensive physical, chemical and biological processing with extended disinfection and chlorinization, that is, coagulation, f locculation decontamination, f iltration, absorption on active coal and disinfection by ozone and chlore.

Article 4 The classif ication of waters into classes in article 3 of this Statute is done on the base of the parameters and their marginal values. No Parameter Unit A1 A2 A3 1. pH - 6.8-8.5 6.5-9.0 5.5-9.0 2. Color mg/LPT scale 5 10 20 3. Suspended particles mg/l < 10 < 20 < 50 4. Temperature: max 1-30C, referring to the natu-

ral characteristics (geographic and climatic) 0C For all classes - change of temperature

5. Conductivity S/cm on 200C > 400 > 600 > 1000 6. Odor Factor on 250C 0 3 10 7. Nitrate mg/l NO3 20 25 50 8. Nitrite mg/l NO2 0.03 0.1 0.2 9. Fluoride mg/l F 1 1.5 1.7 10. Dissolv ed Fe mg/l Fe 0.1 0.3 1.0

9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Lake Shkoder TDA 20 April 2006 XII - 2 Final Report: Annexes

No Parameter Unit A1 A2 A3 11. Manganese mg/l Mn 0.05 0.1 1.0 12. Copper mg/l Cu 0.02 0.05 1.0 13. Zinc mg/l Zn 0.3 1.0 5.0 14. Boron mg/l B 1.0 1.0 1.0 15. Nickel mg/l Ni 0.02 0.05 0.1 16. Arsenic mg/l As 0.01 0.05 0.05 17. Cadmium mg/l Cd 0.001 0.005 0.005 18. Total Chrome mg/l Cr 0.05 0.05 0.05 19. Lead mg/l Pb 0.02 0.05 0.05 20. Selenium mg/l Se 0.01 0.01 0.01 21. Mercury mg/l Hg 0.0005 0.0005 0.001 22. Barium mg/l Ba 0.1 0.7 1.0 23. Cyanides mg/l CN 0.005 0.005 0.005 24. Sulfate mg/l SO4 50 150 250 25. Chloride mg/l Cl 20 40 200 26. Sur.act.subs.(ionic) mg/l LAS 0.1 0.2 0.5 27. Phosphate mg/l P 0.08 < 0.15 > 0.15 28. Phenol mg/l C6H5OH 0.001 0.005 0.01 29. Dissolv ed or emulsion of the hydrocarbons mg/l 0.01 0.05 0.5 30. Poly cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons mg/l 0.0002 0.0002 0.001 31. Total pesticides P mg/l 0.0005 0.0001 0.0025 32. COD mg/l O2 8 10 30 33. Oxygen saturation % O2 > 30 > 70 > 50 34. BOD mg/l O2 < 3 < 5 < 7 35. Ammoniac mg/l NH4 0.05 0.5 1.0 36. Substances dissolv ed in chloroform mg/l 0.1 0.2 0.5 37. Total coliform on 370C 100ml 50 5 000 50 000 38. Fecal coliform 100ml 20 2 000 20 000 39. Fecal streptococci 100ml 20 1 000 10 000 40. Salmonella - none in

5000 ml none in 100

ml

41. Total activities Bq/l 0.1 0.1 0.1 Under the pesticides from posture 2 of this article the organic insecticides are under-stood, herbicides, fungicides, nematocides, akaracides, algaecides, and other products as PCB and PTC. The concentration values of some pesticides must be over 0.0001 mg/1, and as the sum total of the norm is the list from posture 2 of this article. Article 5 Waters that can be used for f ishing and shell cultivation are classif ied into the classes: 1. Class "S" waters that can be used for the cultivation of the noble kinds of f ish (sal-

mons); 2. Class "Š" waters that can be used for the cultivation of shells; 3. Class "C" waters that can be used for the cultivation of less noble kinds of f ish (Cipri-

nidae). Waters of the class "S" and "Š" are adequate for the demands of class "A" waters, and "C" classes waters for the demands of class "A2" waters, except if for the follow ing pa-rameters for some classes, it is not determined differently:


No Parameter Unit S Š C 1. Suspended material mg/l < 25 - < 25 2. Nitrite mg/l NO2 < 0.001 < 0.03* < 0.03 3. Phenol mg/l C6H5OH < 0.002 - > 0.002 4. Dissolv ed Oxygen mg/l O2 50% sample > 9

100% sample > 7- 50% sample > 8

100% sample > 55. Ammoniac mg/l NH4 < 0.004 - < 1 6. Total coliform

on 370C in 100ml 2 000 100 10 000

7. Fecal coliform mg/l HOCl - < 300* - 8. Residual Chlorine mg/l < 0.005 - < 0.005 9. Salinity 0/00 - < 40 - 10. 'Organohalogene' substances mg/l - 0.0025 - 11. 'Organokaljane' substances mg/l - 0.01 -

*in the shell's meat Article 6 The parameters and their marginal values in article 4 and 5 of this Statute are applied to: - for irregular surface water streams during the middle ranking monthly water streams

95% assurance; - to the water currents of regulated streams, for the streams greater than the guaran-

teed small waters; - to the groundwaters: for all streams and levels; - to lakes: for the unacceptable cases of water mixing (during the ice period and in the

critical summer months); - to the coastal seawaters. Article 7 Waters that can be used for bathing are all running and stagnant land waters and the coastal seawaters: - which are intended for bathing; - in w hich bathing is not forbidden and is used traditionally for bathing by a great num-

ber of bathers. Article 8 Waters that can be used for bathing are classif ied into class 2. The water classif ication into classes from the posture 1 of this article is done on the parameter base and their marginal values. The parameters and their marginal values for single classes are: No Parameters Unit I II 1 Total coli in 100 ml 500 10 000 2 Faecal coli in 100 ml 100 2 000 3 Faecal Streptococci in 100 ml 100 100 4 Salmonella 1 0 0 5 M

icrob

iolog

ical

Entero-virus PFU/10 l 0 0

9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Lake Shkoder TDA 20 April 2006 XII - 4 Final Report: Annexes

No Parameters Unit I II 6 pH - 7 to 9 6 to 9

7 Color - Without changes of the natural colors

Without changes of the natural colors

8 Mineral oils mg/l 0 <0.3 9 Act. substance mg/l LAS 0 <0.3

10 Phenol mg/l 0.005 <0.05 11 Transparency* mg/l 2 1 12 Oxygen saturation % O2 80 to 120 80 to 120 13 Floating waste mat. - without without 14

Phys

ical-C

hem

ical

Ammonia mg/l <0.04 <0.2 15 Mercury mg/l 0.05 0.5 16 Cadmium mg/l 0.0005 0.001 17 Arsenic 18 Lead 19 Brome VI 20 Cyanide 21 Nitrate 22 Phosphate 23 Pesticide

24

Toxic

Other cancerous, terato-genous and mutagenous substances

Parameters are followed as pollution indicators

*depending from the geographical and meteorological conditions. Article 9 Determining the competent values for the parameters from articles 4, 5 and 8 from this Statute is done on the base of the results of the following research: 1. If during one year more than 24 researches are done for the competent value, the

size from static treatment adequate to 95% insurance is taken; 2. If during one year less than 24 researches are done for the competent value, the

middle arithmetic size for the two most unacceptable and noticeable values is taken. III Categorization of waters Article 10 Tow ards the water quality which must be maintained orobtained, the surface and groundwaters on land are classif ied in two categories and the coastal seawaters in three categories. Article 11 The surface and groundwaters on land and the coastal waters are classif ied in single categories and must complete conditions of the adequate class from the articles 4, 5 and 8 of this statute. Article 12 The surface and groundwaters on land and the coastal waters are classif ied into the fol-low ing categories:


1. The Morača Category a) upstream from Duklja A1, S, I b) from Duklja to the confluence to the Lake Shkoder A2, C, II

2. The Zeta a) upstream from Brezovik A1, S, I b) from Brezovik to the Morača A2, C, II

3. The Piva - downstream from the Pivska lake 4. The Komarnica 5. The Tara A1, S, I 6. The Ćehotina

a) upstream from Pljevlja A1, S, I b) downstream from Pljevlja A2, C, II

7. The Lim a) upstream from Berane A1, S, I b) from Berane up to the border w ith the Republic of Serbia A2, C, II

8. The Ibar a) upstream from Rožaje A1, S, I b) downstream from Rožaje A2, C, II

9. The Bojana A2, C, II 10. The Lake Shkoder A2, C, II 11. The Šasko Lake A2, C, II 12. The artif icial accumulation (Livrovići, Krupac, Slano,

Vrtac, Grakovo, the Pivsko Lake, Gradac) 13. The coastal sea:

a) sea waters in tourist and recreation districts out of the Bokokotorski bay, except the harbor pools in bar SI, S, Š, I;

b) sea waters in the Bokakotorski bay, except the harbour water-space of Tivat, Kotor and the shipbuilding company Bijela;

c) the closed harbor pools in Bar (the coastal zone limited by w ater-breaks) in Ti-vat (the coastal zone from the building of the sailing boats club the Dolphin, and then to the southern direction from the concrete bathing place in front of the hotel Mimosa), in Kotor (southern from the imaginative line, drawn between the building of the Military department at Peluzici and the right coast of the con-fluence of the Škurda II) in the shipbuilding company in Bijela.

Article 13 The tributary of the rivers from article 12 of this Statute and direct tributaries of the Lake Shkoder, except the Morača and Bojana, as well as all the sources, except of the source of the River Crnojević and Zeta are classif ied into A1, S, I category. In A1, S, I category are classif ied all the natural lakes, except the Shkoder and Šasko lakes, and all the groundwaters, except the groundwaters of the f irst IZDAN in the context of the settle-ment. The sources of the River Crnojević and the Glava Zeta and the groundwaters are sorted into A2, C, II categories within the district of the settlement. IV The f inal results Article 14 The Statute on the classif ication and categorization of waters won’t be valid by the day when this rule becomes effective ("The off icial gazette SRCG", number 17/68). Article 15 This rule becomes effective on the eighth day from the day of its proclamation in "the Of-f icial Gazette of the Republic Montenegro".

Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes XIII - 1 20 April 2006

Annex XIII Fish data The ichtyofauna (f ish) of Lake Shkoder (Albania and Montenegro): Family Species Scientific name English name Albanian name Migratory species

Acipenser sturio L.1758 Sturgeon Blini Acipenser naccarii Bonaparte 1830 Adriatic sturgeon Blini bardhë

Acipenseridae (anadromous)

Acipenser stellatus Pallas 1771 Starry sturgeon Blini turigjatë Alosa fallax nilotica Geoffrey Saint Hilaire 1771

Twaite shad Kubël Clupeidae (anadromous)

Alosa fallax lacustris Rakaj 1976 Twaite shad Kubël Dicentrarchus labrax L 1758 European sea bass Lev rek Moronidae

(food migrator) Dicentrarchus punctatus Bloch 1792 Spotted sea bass Lev rek pikalosh Mugil cephalus L. 1758 Flathead grey mullet Qefull vere Mugilidae

(food migrator) Lisa ramada Risso 1810 Thinlip mullet Qefull vjeshte Anguillidae (catadromous)

Anguilla anguilla L. 1758 European eel Ngjala

Lampetra fluviatilis L. 1758 River lamprey Kav alli i lumit Petromyzon marinus L. 1758 Sea lamprey Kav alli i detit

Petromyzonidae (anadromous)

Lampetra planer Bloch Citharidae (food migrator)

Citharus linguatula L. 1758 Spotted flounder Parashja ?

Pleuronectidae (food migrator)

Platichtus flesus luscus Pallas 1811 Italian flounder

Autochtonous species Cyprinus carpio L. 1758 Common Carp Krap Leuciscus cephalus albus Bonaparte 1838

White chub Mlysh

Leuciscus souffia montenegrinus Vu-kotiç 1965

Montenegrus chub Skort me vizë

Phoxinus phoxinus L. 1758 Minnow Skort pellgu (?) Rutilio rubilio rubilio Bonaparte 1837 White roach Skort i bardhë Pachychilon pectum Heck Kner Sharadon Skort i zi Pseudorasbora parva Schlegel 1846 Amurian minnow Scordinus erythrophthalmus L. 1758 Adriatic rudd Iloskë Rutilus prespensis Yellow roach Alburnus albidus alborella Filippi 1844

Bleak Gjucë

Alburnoides bipunctatus ohridanus Karaman 1928

Ohridia schreider Barkgjerë

Chondrostoma nasus ohridanus Karaman 1924

Beak carp Njilë

Chondrostoma scodrensis Scadar’s beak carp Njilë Barbus meridionalis petenyi Heckel 1847

Mustaku i lumit

Barbus meridionalis rebelii Kõthe 1924

Rebel barbel Mustaku i Ohrit

Cyprinidae

Gobio gobio lepidolaenus Kessler 1924

Ohridian gudgeon Barburiq

9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Lake Shkoder TDA 20 April 2006 XIII - 2 Final Report: Annexes

Family Species Scientific name English name Albanian name

Gobio gobio skadarensis Karaman 1924

Rhodeus sericus amarus Block 1780 Bitterling Idhtak Nemachilus barbatulus L. 1758 Tufëza Padogobius panizzari Vergo Pamzzo goby Phoxinellus stymphallicus montene-grinus Karaman

Montenegrin minnow carp

Gobiidae

Cobitis taenia ohridana L. 1758 Mrenë e egër Gasterosteus Gasterosteus aculeatus L.1758 Three-spined stick-

leback

Salmo trutta fario L. 1758 Brown trout Troftë mali Salmo trutta lacustris L. 1758 Lake trout Troftë liqenore Salmo trutta magrostima Dumeril 1851

Troftë gjucë

Salmo marmoratus Cuvier 1817 Bighead trout Salmo montenegrinus Karaman 1933 Montenegrian trout Salmothymus obtusirostris zetensis

Salmonidae

Oncorhyncus mykiss Walboum Rainbow trout Troftë ylber Bleniidae Blennius fluviatilis Asso 1801 Sharibrack Exotic fish

Ctenopharingodon idella Valen-ciennes 1844

Grass carp Amuri i bardhë

Megallobrama terminalis Rich 1864 Black amur bream Pëllëmëz e hirtë Parabramis pekinensis Basilewski 1855

White amur bream Pëllëmëz e bardhë

Carassius carassius L. 1758 Crucian carp Karas Carassius auratus L. 1758 Gold fish Karas i artë Hypophthalmychthys molitrix Valen-ciennes 1844

Silv er carp Ballgjer i bardhe

Aristichthys nobilis Richardson 1845 Bighead carp Ballgjer laraman

Cyprinidae

Mylopharingodon piceus Richardson 1845

Dark carp Krapi i zi

Gambusia affinis Baird & Girard 1853 Mosquito fish Barkulec Posciloidae Gambusia affinis holbrecki Barkulec pikalosh Perca fluviatilis L. 1758 Perch Sharok (perkë) Percidae Stizostedion lucioperca L. 1758 Pike-perch Luci

Thymalidae Thymalus thymalus L.1758 Gray ling Ictaluridae Ictalurus nebulosa Le Sueur Brown bullhead


Spawning ground for Cyprinus, Carassius, Megalobrama, Skardinus:

Spawning ground for Alburnus:


Spawning ground for Chondrostoma (data on Albanian side only):

Spawning ground for Alosa:


Spawning ground for Acipenser (data on Albanian side only):

The migration of bleak (data on Albanian side only):

Legend: Winter migration Spring and summer migration


The migration of twaite shad:


Food spectrum of main f ish species in Lake Shkoder: Species Main feeding

behaviour Phyto-

plankton Zoo-

plankton Worms + Crus-

taceans Mol-

luscs Detritus Peri-

phyton Vegeta-

tion Fish Aquatic or-

ganisms Insects

Carp Cyprinus carpio Omnivorous + + + Bleak Alburnus albidus alborella Planktivorous + + + + Rudd Scordinus erythropthalmus Herbivorous + + + + + Beak carp Chondrostoma Fitofag + + ++ Trout Salmonidae Ichthyofag + + + + Twaite shad Alosa spp. Ichthyofag + + + + Mullet Mugil; Lisa Detrivorous + + + + Eel Anguilla anguilla Ichthyofag + + + + + + Sturgeon Acipenser spp. Ichthyofag + + + + + Grass carp Ctenopharingodon idella Herbivorous + + ++ Silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Planktivorous + + ++ Big head carp Aristichthys nobilis Planktivorous + + ++ Pike perch Stizostedion lucioperca Ichthyofag + + ++ Reproduction period for the main species in Lake Shkoder: Species Origin Spawning ground Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Carp Autochtonous Vegetation + + Bleak Autochtonous Gravel + + Rudd Autochtonous Vegetation + + + Beak carp Autochtonous Gravel + + Trout Autochtonous Springs + + + + Twaite shad Autochtonous Pelagic + + Sturgeon Autochtonous Gravel + + + Crucian carp Ex otic Vegetation + + + Amur bream Ex otic Vegetation + +


Status of f ish species in Lake Shkoder: IUCN categories:

• A.sturio CR • A.naccarii CR • A.fallax lacustris EN/ VU • S.trutta magrostima CR • S.trutta lacustris CR • S.trutta marmoratus CR • S.trutta montenegrinus EN/ VU • Gobio NT/ LC • Barbus NT/ LC • Paraphoxinus minutes NT/ LC • Cobitis taenia NT/ LC • Rhodeus NT/ LC • Pseudorasbora parva NT/ LC • Blennius fluviatilis NT/ LC • Gasterosteus aculeatus NT/ LC Catch data over the years in the Albanian section of Lake Shkoder; in metric tons per year:

Period (years)

Total Autochthonous Fish

Migratory Fish Exotic Fish (acclimatised)

1961 - 1965 61.5 40.0 21.5 - 1966 - 1970 64.3 44.1 20.2 - 1971 - 1975 80.0 66.7 13.3 - 1976 – 1980 86.3 75.5 9.8 1.0 1981 – 1990 62.0 31.0 13.0 18.0 1991 – 2000 71.0 41.6 7.0 22.5 2001 - 2004 84.0 47.7 7.6 29.7

Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes XIV - 1 20 April 2006

Annex XIV Aquatic flora The most important aquatic plant species or associations in Lake Shkoder are: • Potamogeton (7 species) • Lemna (2 species) • Typha (2 species) • Myriophyllum (2 species) • Phragmitis communis • Butimus umbellatus • Sparganium ramosum • Scirpus lacustris • Lymnathamus nymphaecides • Salvinia natans • Hydrocharis demersum • Ceratophyllum (2 species) • Sagittaria sagittifolia • Ramunculus aquatilis • Polygonium amphibium • Nymphae (2 species) • Trapa natans • Shatiodes aloides • Urticularia vulgaris • Nojas marina • Vallisneria spiralis Most important species or associations for f ish feeding and reproduction are: • Potamogeton • Myriophyllum • Ceratophyllum • Vallisneria

Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes XV - 1 20 April 2006

Annex XV Birds census Midwinter waterfowl census at Lake Shkoder (whole lake), 2004 (supported by Euronatur) Species NP MN Customs Shegan Kamice Sterbeq Dober Grili Vrraka Shkoder Shiroke Zogaj Gavia arctica 1 Tachybaptus ruficollis 1,200 146 135 12 32 6 3 Podiceps cristatus 1,200 32 30 6 28 48 7 Podiceps nigricollis 5,000 180 10 22 54 20 31 Pelicanus onocrotalus 14 Phalacrocorax carbo 3,500 610 6 160 5 4 35 Phalacrocorax pygmeus 1,500 31 260 12 2 4 34 12 16 3 Egretta garzetta 3 Egretta alba 50 1 37 Ardea cinerea 200 1 31 1 Anas penelope 175 50 2 Anas strepera 150 6 Anas crecca 200 Anas platyrhynchos 8,500 281 21 Aythya ferina 18,000 550 620 610 1,170 680 610 430 1,250 Aythya fuligula 600 12 70 185 80 Bucephala clangula 3,000 1 Mergellus albus 25 Mergus serrator 1 Gallinula chloropus 300 1 Fulica atra 37,000 860 8,900 2,940 1,260 160 440 320 3,950 1,270 Rallus aquaticus 10 Vanellus vanellus 8 Gallinago gallinago 300 6 1 45 Larus ridibundus 4,100 370 10 30 242 2,480 15 Larus canus 10 1 1 Larus cachinnans 600 26 3 25 Total 85,634 1,811 11,021 3,625 2,710 866 721 1,089 626 8,215 1,380 Observ ers Albania: Taulant Bino, Klodian Aliu, Dritan Dhora, Peter Sackl, Martin Schneider-Jacoby & Borut Sturmberger; Date 24/01/2004 Observ ers Montenegro: Daliborka Barjaktarev, Darko Savelic, Vojislav Vasic and Ondrej Vizi; Period 29/01/2004 - 02/02/2004

9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Lake Shkoder TDA 20 April 2006 XV - 2 Final Report: Annexes

Lake Shkoder waterfowl census, 1995 – 2005 (no counts in 2001 – 2003) Country MN MN MN MN MN MN MN MN MN Alb + MN MN

Species 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Tachibaptus ruficollis 2,000 1,500 1,000 3,000 1,600 2,500 1,200 275 Podiceps nigricollis 4,000 5,500 8,500 10,500 14,000 4,200 5,000 3,843 Podiceps cristatus 6,500 3,000 4,500 5,500 1,750 2,000 1,200 500 Pelecanus crispus 14 16 Phalacrocorax carbo 2,500 3,600 2,500 5,000 8,600 3,100 3,500 2,073 Pchalacrocorax pygmeus 3,500 3,000 2,000 4,500 2,000 4,000 1,500 1,796 Ardea cinerea 100 100 60 40 60 150 200 217 Egretta alba 50 100 50 30 50 200 50 58 Anas penelope 800 300 500 200 30 10 175 9 Anas srepera 60 150 200 40 700 15 150 8 Anas crecca 5,100 1,000 3,000 1,100 1,500 750 200 30 Anas platyrhynchos 18,000 5,000 15,000 6,000 15,000 4,000 8,500 1,064 Aythya ferina 45,000 30,000 18,000 35,000 40,000 17,500 18,000 2,443 Aythya fuligula 15,000 (0) 2,000 7,000 7,500 5,500 600 965 Busephala clangula 700 1,500 800 1,500 800 1,200 3,000 307 Mergus albellus 15 35 100 50 25 3 Fulica atra (110,000) 120,000 100,000 160,000 150,000 45,000 37,000 19,959 Gallinula chloropus 30 100 100 100 100 10 300 12 Rallus aquaticus 10 5 20 10 Larus chachinans 400 750 600 2,500 950 1,750 600 298 Larus canus 5 10 Larus ridibundus 2,000 2,000 3,750 3,000 5,000 5,000 4,100 1,212 Chlidonias hybrida 3 40 3 1 4 Gallinago gallinago 50 10 200 100 100 300 1 Buteo buteo 70 15 Circus aeruginosus 50 40 40 25 30 15 8 Haliaeetus albicilla 1 2 Aquila clanga 2 Alcedo atthis 15 3 20 1 10 2

Total 215,868 177,705 162,928 245,154 249,785 96,977 0 0 0 85,727 35,114 Source: Euronatur; authors: Vojislav Vasic, Ondrej Vizi, Darko Savelic, Nela Vesovic & Daliborka Barjaktarev


Lake Shkoder winter waterfowl census, Albanian section (source: Dhoka and Sokoli: Liqeni I Shkodres, Biodiversiteti)

Species Hagemeijer et al. 1993

Kayser et al. 1995

Bino et al. 1996

Bino 1999

Gavia stellata Gavia arctica Tachybaptus ruficollis Podiceps cristatus Podiceps nigricollis Podiceps grisegena Phalacrocorax carbo Phalacrocorax pygmeus Egretta garzetta Egretta alba Ardea cinerea Tadorna tadorna Anas penelope Anas strepera Anas crecca Anas platyrhynchos Anas acuta Anas clypeata Netta rufina Aythya ferina Aythya fuligula Aythya marila Somateria molisima Bucephala clangula Mergus serrator Mergus albellus Rallus aquaticus Gallinula chloropus Fulica atra Charadrius alexandrinus Vanellus vanellus Pluvialis squatarola Calidris alba Gallinago gallinago Numenius arquata Limosa limosa Tringa totanus Tringa ochropus Actitis hypoleucos Larus fuscus Larus ridibundus Larus cachinnans Larus canus Larus melanocephala Chlidonias hybridus Alcedo atthis

18 36 6

97 1,073

42 20 2

9 2

52 293

2 2

800 131

6

1,872

145

50

26

1

8 3 1

2 56

147 324 423

1,526

596 75 2 7

12 2

1,074 221

8

19 1,285

165 3 1

52 1

13

1 5,235

1,370

78

2

1,002 45

27 7

39 91

594 10

273 1,111

114 8

13 1

276 21

151 5

2,630 412

1

191 7 1 5 2

7,373 31

1,158 12 3

65 9

33 1 4 1

1,412 160

1 15 2 7

10 22 73

372

204 564 87 12 17

532 12

153 85

3,632 2,491

1

3 2

14,567

214

39 15

840 100

Total 4,697 13,747 16,277 24,047


Lake Shkoder winter birds census, excluding waterfowl; Albanian section (source: Dhoka and Sokoli: Liqeni I Shkodres, Biodiversiteti) Species Bino, 1999 Species Bino, 1999 Circus aeruginosus Circus cyaneus Accipiter nisus Buteo buteo Streptopelia decaocto Athene noctua Alcedo atthis Dendrocopus syriacus Melanocorypha calandra Galerida cristata Lullula arborea Alauda arvensis Anthus pratensis Anthus spinoletta Motacilla cinerea Motacilla alba Troglodytes troglodytes Prunella modularis Cettia cetti Sylvia atricapilla Phylloscopus collybita Regulus regulus Erithacus rubecula Phoenicurus ochruros Saxicola torquata

1 2 1 7 8 4 5 3 2

102 49

530 17 61 5

128 29 19 12 7

25 8

14 7 9

Turdus merula Turdus pilaris Turdus philomelus Turdus iliacus Turdus viscivorus Parus caeruleus Parus major Sitta neumayer Garrulus glandarius Pica pica Corvus monedula Corvus corone Corvus corax Sturnus vulgare Passer domesticus Passer hispaniolensis Passer montanus Fringilla coelebs Carduelis chloris Carduelis carduelis Carduelis cannabina Emberiza cirlus Emberiza cia Emberiza schoenichus Miliaria calandra

50 989

8 1 8 2

31 5 7

75 59 84 6

1,085 450 31 57 90 34

102 101 23 2

34 10

Total 4,399 Lake Shkoder waterfowl nesting census, Albanian section: number of pairs (source: Dhoka and Sokoli: Liqeni I Shkodres, Biodiversiteti) Species Zekhuis, 1996 Bino, 1999 Tachybaptus ruficollis Podiceps cristatus Ixobrychus minutus Rallus aquaticus Gallinula chloropus Fulica atra Burhinus oedicnemus Himantopus himantopus Charadrius dubius Actitis hypoleucos Chlydonias hybridus

100-400 100-150 25-250

0 100-400 100-400

2-10 0

20-70 0

500-1,500

100-200 100-150 50-150

2-5 100-200 100-200

2-10 5-10 10-50 2-5

200-500 Total 947-3,180 671-1,480


Lake Shkoder birds nesting census, excluding waterfowl; Albanian section: num-ber of pairs (source: Dhoka and Sokoli: Liqeni I Shkodres, Biodiversiteti) Species Bino, 1999 Species Bino, 1999 Circus aeruginosus Coturnix coturnix Streptopelia decaocto Streptopelia turtur Cuculus canorus Alcedo atthis Merops apiaster Picus viridis Dendrocopus syriacus Melanocorypha calandra Calandrella brachydactyla Galerida cristata Hirundo rustica Hirundo daurica Delichon urbica Anthus campestris Motacilla flava Cettia cetti Acrocephalus scirpaceus Acrocephalus arundinaceus Hippolais pallida Sylvia atricapilla Sylvia communis

1-2 5-10 20-50 20-60 10-20 2-5

3-10 2-8

5-10 20-40 30-60 20-50

50-200 50-100 40-200 10-30

200-600 50-300 50-200 400-800 20-50 20-60 10-40

Sylvia melanocephala Sylvia cantillans Regulus regulus Luscinia megarhynchos Oenanthe oenanthe Oenanthe hispanica Parus major Sitta neumayer Remiz pendulinus Oriolus oriolus Lanius senator Pica pica Corvus monedula Passer domesticus Passer hispaniolensis Fringilla coelebs Serinus serinus Carduelis chloris Carduelis carduelis Carduelis cannabina Emberiza melanocephala Miliaria calandra

10-50 20-80 10-30 40-120 10-40 10-50 20-60 5-15

10-40 10-30 10-30 10-30 50-75

100-400 100-600 20-40 10-30 50-120 40-80 10-50 40-70

100-300

Total 1,723-5,245


Distribution maps of some birds species in the period 1997-1999 Source: International Waterbird Census (IWC), Wetlands International

(www.wetlands.org)





Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes XVI - 1 20 April 2006

Annex XVI Bird migration corridors

Bird migration routes passing by Lake Shkoder (modif ied after: National Geographic, Bird Migration Map, Eastern Hemisphere; Feb. 2004)

Migration routes of birds of prey (source: Schneider-Jacoby, M (2005)/ UNE. CMS in-strument covering migratory raptors – Recommendations by Euronatur concerning the Adriatic East Coast including the countries Croatia, Serbia-Montenegro and Albania)

Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes XVII - 1 20 April 2006

Annex XVII Food spectrum of waterfowl Food spectrum of the main waterbirds species in Lake Shkoder: Species Fish Molluscs Insects Plants Anas + + + + + + Fulica + + + + Larus argentatus + + + + + Larus minutus + + + + + Larus ridibundus + + + + + Celicheron nilotica + + + + Egreta + + + + + Pediceps + + + + + Phalacrocorax + + + + Pelecanus + + + + +

Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes XVIII - 1 20 April 2006

Annex XVIII Memorandum of Understanding in the field of environment between Albania and Montenegro

9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Lake Shkoder TDA 20 April 2006 XVIII - 2 Final Report: Annexes

Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes XIX - 1 20 April 2006

Annex XIX Agreement between Macedonia and Albania for the protection and sustainable development of Lake Ohrid and its watershed

9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Lake Shkoder TDA 20 April 2006 XIX - 2 Final Report: Annexes

Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes XIX - 3 20 April 2006

9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Lake Shkoder TDA 20 April 2006 XIX - 4 Final Report: Annexes

Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes XX - 1 20 April 2006

Annex XX General economic indicators for Albania and Montenegro Albania (source: World Bank, 2004):

9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Lake Shkoder TDA 20 April 2006 XX - 2 Final Report: Annexes

Montenegro (source: Wiener Institute für Internationale Wirtschaftvergleiche, 2004):

Lake Shkoder TDA 9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Final Report: Annexes XXI - 1 20 April 2006

Annex XXI Maps from the Draft Strategy of the Physical Plan for Montenegro 2006-2026 Map of national parks and zones included in international treaties:

9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Lake Shkoder TDA 20 April 2006 XXI - 2 Final Report: Annexes

Map of environmental zones:


Soil map:

9P6515/R/FKE/Nijm Lake Shkoder TDA 20 April 2006 XXI - 4 Final Report: Annexes

Map of land use / agriculture:


Map of infrastructure for traff ic:

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