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Lead in Drinking Water in Schools
A project of the Region 1 Water Technical Unit, Drinking Water Enforcement Team, Mass DEP/DPH and BPHC Presented to the National Partnership Summit, Atlanta GeorgiaGina Snyder, EPA Region 1 and byYvette DePeiza, MassDEP
EPA New England Project to prevent exposure of school children to lead in DW
Two-part Presentation, EPA and MassDEPEPA: Review: Boston Public School System (BPS) Sample: BPS kitchens Survey: Boston Private Schools (BPHC) Sample: Boston Private Schools MassDEP : Massachusetts Schools and Child
Care program
Program Impetus
Region 3 findings in Philadelphia Schools (1999)
Region 2 findings in New York Schools (2002)
Boston water system Lead Action Level (2002)
No information on Boston Schools
The Concept
Coordinate a strategy to
evaluate lead in DW in schools in Boston with:– Massachusetts Departments:
Environmental Protection Public Health
– Boston Public Schools– Boston Public Health Commission– MWRA and BWSC
What we knew
Mass DEP information campaigns and LCR results in schools
Mass DEP/DPH data gathering under SDWA LCCA
BPHC relations with schools
Blood Lead levels for Boston children
Lead
Lead Concentrations in Boston Schools, 1990
Maximum Lead Concen. Boston 1990
0.000
2.000
4.000
6.000
8.000
10.000
1 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57
schools, sorted
ppm
lead
Series1
What we found
BPS sampling data for many years~ 80 of 148 schools with data ranging from 1988 to 1990; 139 operating schools with data from 1990 to current
Lead level set at Lead and Copper Rule level(15 ppb rather than EPA guidance level of 20 ppb)
Any sample above action level = DW disconnect
Bottled water program
Data Gaps
Bottled water program– Audits in Dorchester
KitchensSome schools with kitchens
in use, no sampling
Filling in Data Gaps
Sampling of Kitchens
Region 1 OEME28 schools2 > A/L after flushing
School Department additional 10 schoolsA Flushing Program was begun in 2004
PR: EPA and Boston School Department Announce Results of School Drinking Water Project
Private School Sampling Program with Boston Public Health Commission
BPHC Survey June EPA and BPHC review September-
October Solicit participation November –
small Independent Private Schools OECA funded QAPP and sampling December sample January Results February Summary Meeting
Results
16 elementary schools
Over 230 samples
Nine schools > A/L
17 locations
Outcomes - Continuing
Flushing programs Bottled water policy Posting at faucets Publicity Awareness
Outcomes - Continuing
LSLR MassDEP Child
Cares program Continued Survey/
outreach School Sampling
Massachusetts Department Of Environmental Protection
(MassDEP)
Yvette DePeiza
National Environmental Partnership Summit
Atlanta Georgia May 8-11, 2006.
Reducing Lead in school and childcare drinking water
Childcare facilities project
Schools outreach program
Using the PWS program to facilitating assistance to schools and child care facilities
MA lead action level is 0.015mg/l
Objectives- Childcare
Free lead sampling and analysis to child care facilities.
Develop curriculum to teach undergraduates.
Provide guidance and mitigation strategies to childcare facilities that exceed the MA lead action level.
Partners
MassDEP Worcester State College
(WSC) New England Interstate
Water Pollution Control Commission (NEIWPCC)
EPA New England
Project coordinated with:MA Dept. of Early childhood
Education
Project steps
MassDEP trained WSC students
WSC student team contact child care facilities.– Mailed postcards about the project to 200
child care facilities
Project Steps – cont’d
25 child care facilities agreed to participate in the project.
WSC student did the following: – Developed all materials with MassDEP oversight.– Collected samples. – Discussed possible results and action plan if lead
levels exceeded the MA lead action level. – Delivered samples to the lab.
• MassDEP and WSC students discussed results with each child care facility and encouraged future sampling.
Childcare Results
Four (16 %) of the twenty-five child care facilities had at least one sample that exceeded the MA lead action level.
Twenty-one (84 %) of the twenty-five child care facilities had no detected amounts or had levels below the MA lead action level.
Child care facilities exceeding the MA lead action level
Child care
1st Draw ppb
2nd Draw ppb
(2 mins)
Duplicate ppb
3rd Draw ppb
(5 mins)
RemediationMeasure
Child care #1
17 3.2 n/a 3.3 Bottled Water
Child care #2
16 2.6 n/a 2.3 Flushing Procedure
Child care #3
17 4.9 n/a 2.9 Flushing Procedure
Child care #4
10 84 21 10 Bottled Water
Project Outcomes
Childcare facility owners and staff were educated about lead in drinking water.
WSC developed a program curriculum
on lead in drinking water.
The project can be adapted for any community.
MassDEP working with schools
Partners MassDEP Mass Department of Public Health Mass Department of Education EPA Local health Department e.g. Boston
Health Commission
Objectives - working with schools
Evaluate each school.
Provide training to school officials.
Require corrective action.
Encourage local public water systems to work with their school districts and childcare facilities.
Steps
Survey of 1030 public schools
Provide training seminars and assistance
Send notices to all schools with sampling results that are over the MA action level for lead and copper.
Results
(53.2 %) of the public schools responded as of January 1, 2006.
(60.9%) schools reported that the taps they used for drinking or cooking purposes met the MA lead action level.
(39.1%) reported that they had identified and corrected problems or were correcting problems.
Results
(36%) of the schools submitted lab results.
(17%) schools submitting laboratory data reported at least one sampling point in the school that exceeded either the lead action level and/ or the copper action level.
What have we learned so far?
Many schools/school districts have been testing their water through out the last 15 years.
The survey prompted some schools to identify and correct problems prior to returning the survey.
Schools want to address identified problems. No enforcement is necessary
Next steps
Survey the rest of the schools.
Provide a final report to Mass Department of Public Health, Mass Department of Education, and EPA.
Encourage our partners to follow-up on all non- responders or questionable data.
Other tools used by MassDEP
Include school drinking water lead sampling and remediation as Supplemental Environmental Projects (SEP) in enforcement cases.
Issue Awards during Drinking Water Week to schools and public water systems or other partnerships working to abate lead in school drinking water.
Other tools used by MassDEP – cont’d
Facilitating PWS outreach to schools and child care facilities in the following programs.
– PWS Lead and copper sampling program. – PWS sanitary surveys
Use of Mass contract process to get low cost laboratory analysis.
For more information on MassDEP programs
Webhttp://www.mass.gov/dep/water/drinking/leadothe.htm
[email protected] Telephone
main # 617-292-5770