Anthropocene: The Impact of human activity on earth
through the yearsMarineta Papaheimona
Sia StamatopoulouC5 2nd Experimental Junior High School of AthensTeacher : Dimitra Dertili
2016 - 2017
Anthropocene is a concept that isn’t officially accepted by all scientists. It is a proposed epoch starting from the beginning of man’s impact on Earth and humanity in the present and the future. Basically it is a way to count how much humans have affected the environment and other humans during their presence on planet Earth.
What is Anthropocene?
A) The Agrarian Era4000BC – 1000 AD
During this time many great inventions were made. The first form of writing was invented. Domestication of horses in the
western Eurasian Steppes. Invention of potter’s wheel in Sumer. In South America, people started to
farm chili peppers, beans, sweet potatoes, and cotton.
In Central America , people started to grow avocados.
the Sumerians created a system of writing that was for enumerating – counting.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4th_millennium_BChttp://www.fsmitha.com/time/bc1.htmhttp://quatr.us/timelines/3000bc.htmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture
4000 BC (Beginning of the Bronze Age )
Due to the invention of writing , history started to be recorded.
Furthermore, agriculture spread widely across Eurasia.
Due to the better living conditions the population was doubled, from 7 to 14 million people .
Finally, the domestication of the horse helped. people very much.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4th_millennium_BChttp://www.fsmitha.com/time/bc1.htmhttp://quatr.us/timelines/3000bc.htmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture
Impact of this era
First evidence of wheeled vehicles.
Tin is discovered. Metals are used for tools
and weapons. Civilizations in West Asia started bending metal.
The desertification of the Sahara desert begins.
http://www.timemaps.com/history/europe-3500bchttp://archaeology.about.com/od/neolithic/qt/Wheeled-Vehicles.htmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4th_millennium_BC
3500BC
Wheeled transportation had a significant effect on human economy an society. It was an efficient way to carry goods to long distances.
Communities could expand as there was no need to live close to food production areas.
Wheels in combination with the domestication of suitable draft animals such as horses and oxen lead to the construction of roadways.
http://www.timemaps.com/history/europe-3500bchttp://archaeology.about.com/od/neolithic/qt/Wheeled-Vehicles.htmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4th_millennium_BC
Impact of it
In South and Central America , people started to farm squash and corn and beans.
People in North America begun to use pottery.
People started to use shoes and gloves.
The Clepsydra and a type of trumpet were invented.
In Polynesia people started covering long distances with ships.(Polynesian navigation)
http://quatr.us/timelines/2000bc.htm#topbarhttp://quatr.us/timelines/2000bc.htm
1500BC
The Chinese invented the dictionary and the kite.
Invention of the Greek alphabet, the first alphabet with vowels.
The first railway is made. Transportation is marked by State – built roads and canals.
The Pythagorean theory is made.
People started to use coins, instead of exchanging animals and other products.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10th_century_BC
1000 BC (Beginning of the Iron Age)
The Pythagorean theory was significant as it is used even in our days to solve math problems.
The use of coins instead of animals and other materials improved the economy of many civilizations .
The transportation was improved , thus the life of people became easier.
http://oldestcoins.reidgold.com/article.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10th_century_BC
Impact of the iron age
God and religion are more important than logic and take its place in society. Everything is related to God and the Bible, everything is approved by God and the Bible.
The ancient Chinese and the Nordic countries (Vikings) improve their ships.
A lot of blood is mixed with the ground due to numerous wars.
https://www.google.gr/search?q=nordic+ships&biw=1366&bih=626&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjnrrOU65vSAhUEUhQKHbr0BK8Q_AUIBigB#imgrc=wUca7NLsuMGwhM:
1000 AD (pre-modern era. Medieval Era)
B) The Modern Era1600 AD- 1950 AD
Gutenberg introduces typography (1455)
Portuguese, Spaniards, Italians and Chinese start exploring the globe.
Optics are improved. Art looks back to the
Ancient Greek culture.
https://sites.google.com/a/dpsnc.net/smith-7th-grade-world-history/unit-1-age-of-exploration
Age of Discoveries- The Renaissance
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johannes-Gutenberghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_history
A map displaying the age of discoveries
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10th_century_BC
More people read as the price of books is decreased (their number increases drastically)
New places are found. New diseases affect society, new products are used, Christianity is expanded and native residents of the areas become slaves.
People are inspired by the big Greek philosophers and stop some brutal and violent actions. Culture flourishes.
Impact of this era
Raphael, the School of Athens 1503
Logic over emotion. Development of science
and technology. The French Revolution
broadened people’s horizons and the concepts of “nation” and “unity” have an effect on people’s life and ideologies.
Politics are affected by radical movements,that want to destroy absolute monarchies and build democracies.
Enlightment and Revolutions
http://www.history.com/topics/french-revolutionhttp://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Age_of_Enlightenment
Eugene Delacroix, Liberty leading the People, 1830
The Age of Steam is heralded. Railways, steamships and trains moved by carbon are pioneering and life-changing inventions.
Electromagnetism is developed. Decrease of fevers because of the
creation of several new vaccines and medicine.
The internal combustion engine leads to the invention of automobiles.
Darwin’s theory of evolution changes man’s perspective of origins.
The first attempt to “touch” the sky was successful with the Derwitcer Glider in 1891
Socialism is a new movemen that opposes capitalism and the exploitation of the factory workers who were used since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution.
Industrial Revolution and the 19th century
Industrialized Englandhttp://www.sam.usace.army.mil/Portals/46/docs/recreation/OP-CO/montgomery/pdfs/10thand11th/ahistoryofsteamboats.pdfhttp://www.geocities.ws/modwest1/Science
The Wright Brothers introduce the first airplane.
Radars and atomic bombs are created and used in countless wars that took place in the period (Two World Wars)
The form of DNA is found. Man explores space and
lands on the moon. The first man in space was Yuri Gagarin, the first animal in space was Laika and the first woman wad Valentina Tereshkova.
20th Century
Watson and Crick explaining the DNA modelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_historyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_exploration
c)Digital Era1960 AD- now
What do you use in your daily life?
The impact of the digital era
d) The deep unfathomable future
“The future depends on what we do in the present” ~ Mahatma Gandhi
What do YOU think will happen?
This is what WE think and have found out:
BC: 4000BC:Alcoholic drinks , Silver 3500BC:Brick , Meτal casting , Opium 3000BC:Candle , Cosmetics , Harp , Lyre , Stone
building , Venus studied 2800BC:Clay tablet book 2700BC:Tea 2600BC:Chair , Silk 2000BC:Saw 1600BC:Child’s swing 1500BC:Shoes , gloves , clepsydra , trumpet 1100BC:Magnet 800BC:Socks 520BC:Pythagora’s theorem 500BC: Magnetic compass 470BC:Iron in buildings 360BC:Celestial Spheres 300BC:Euclidean Geometry 260BC:Bridge for boarding ships 250BC:Archimedes principle 200BC:Flute , Horseshoes 100BC:Waterwheel
AD: 50AD:Street Lamp 100AD:Scissors 600AD:Windmill 700AD:Porcelain 900AD:Cyrillick alphabet 1050AD:Musical notation 1450AD:Trombone 1608AD:Telescope 1623AD:Dictionary 1637AD:Umbrella 1700AD:Clarinet 1733AD:Measurement of blood pressure 1800AD:Electrolysis of water 1826AD:Kaleidoscope 1827AD:Ohm’s law 1851AD:Refrigerator 1852AD:Airship 1899AD:Aspirin 1900AD:Fingerprinting
Some inventions and studies (4000BC – 1900AD)
The End~Thank you for your *attention!
We also used :Google images
Extra Interesting Links:http://www.timemaps.com/history/world-3500bc
http://www.ancient-origins.net/ancient-technology/revolutionary-invention-wheel-001713
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s3VH0XZu4gYhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qUJp9VrEU1o
*inexistent
