Matter&

Properties of Matter

Matteranything that has mass and takes-up space

the quantity of matter present

mixtures and substances

of the same kind

of different kinds

MatterMatter-

Mass-

All matter can be divided into two categories:

Homogeneous-

Heterogeneous-

Mixtures definitions

• CAN be separated by physical means

(heating, cooling, sorting, filtering)

• Homogeneous & Heterogeneous

Mixtures

Mixture-

2 categories of mixtures:

More on Mixtures

Homogeneous:

Example:

Heterogeneous:

Examples:

Mixtures definitions• is visibly the same throughout

Ex. salt water, Kool-Aid, milk

• is visibly different throughout; different samples may not be exactly alike

• ex. Salad dressing, chicken noodle soup

Pure Substance-

Two Categories: Element:

Example: Compound:

Examples:

CAN NOT be separated by physical means, ex: heating, cooling, sorting, filtering

Elements & Compounds contains one kind of matter Ex:hydrogen, oxygen, copper a substance made of two or more

elements that cannot be separated by physical means.

Ex: water, carbon dioxide, salt, and sugar

Organize the Hierarchy of Matter

Substance

Element: contains one kind of matter

Example: hydrogen, oxygen, copper

Compound: a substance made of two or more elements that cannot be separated by physical means.

Examples: water, carbon dioxide, salt, and sugar

QuestionsAnswer A = True and B = False

1. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space

2. Mass is the quantity of matter present

3. A mixture cannot be broken down by physical means

4. A substance cannot be broken down by physical means

Questions

A. Substance

B. Matter

C. Mixture

QuestionsA. Element C. Heterogeneous

B. Homogeneous D. Compound

States of Matter

What determines the state of the matter?

Depends on the amount of energy of the particles

Kinetic energy (Ek): energy of motion

How fast are the particles moving?Depends on temperature

Four States of Matter

Solid

Liquid

Gas

Plasma

States of Matter

Solid:

Ek?

molecular behavior?

Liquid:

Ek ?

molecules can slip out of their fixed position

States of Matter

• definite volume, definite shape

LOW Ek

molecules vibrate in position

definite volume, NO definite shape (can change shape easily)

Moderate amount of Ek

molecules can slip out of their fixed position

States of MatterGas: NO definite volume, NO

definite shapeHIGH Ek

molecules can move freely

Plasma: Most common state of matter in the universe, it is rarely found on Earth VERY HIGH Ek

States of MatterGas:

Ek?

Molecule behavior?

Plasma:

Ek?

Solid, Liquid, Gas

(a) Particles in solid (b) Particles in liquid (c) Particles in gas