1582 T:

papers on a variety of medical topics. His age was 60.-Dr.W. M. Gunning, formerly professor of ophthalmology inAmsterdam, at the age of 76. He was one of the earliest

pupils of Donders in Utrecht. He was associated with Snellenin a Government inquiry into an epidemic of trachoma whichoccurred in 1859. He was afterwards appointed lectureron ophthalmology in Amsterdam, and later succeeded tothe professor,ship. He was for many years president of thePrince Alexander Society for the Relief of the Blind inHolland and its Colonies, and only two years ago was

appointed honorary president of the Dutch OphthalmologicalSociety.

Medical News.UNIVERSITY OF LONDON.-At the Third Exa-

mination for medical degrees held in May the followingcandidates were successful :-

M.B., B.S.Honours.-*Evan Parry Evans, University College, Cardiff, andLondon Hospital ; t t. Maud Frances Forrester-Brown. London (RoyalFree Hospital) School of Medicine for Women; !Thomas ChiversGraves, B.Sc. (Vet. Sci.), University College Hospital; *PhilipHenry Mitchiner (University Medal), St. Thomas’s Hospital;*Donovan Blaise Pascall, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital; *HaroldRowntree. Middlesex Hospital; and Catherine Violet Turner,London (Royal Free Hospital) School of Medicine for Women.* Distinguished in Medicine, t Distinguished in Pathology.

Distinguished in Forensic Medicine.Pass.—John Wroth Adams. St. Bartholomew’s Hospital; MelvilleMortimer Adams, Guy’s Hospital; Frederick Jasper Anderson, St.Bartholomew’s Hospital; Winifred Austin, London (Royal FreeHospital) School of Medicine for Women; Grantley Barratt,London Hospital; Bertie Blackwood and Joseph Henry Campain,Guy’s Hospital; Gilbert Charles Chubb, D.Sc., University CollegeHospital; William Chalmers Dale, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital;John Lloyd Davies, University College Hospital; Arthur FfolliottWilliam Denning, Guy’s Hospital; Josiah Rowland BenjaminDobson, University College, Cardiff, and St. Bartholomew’sHospital; Macormack Charles Farrell Easmon, St. Mary’sHospital; Archibald Ferguson, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital;Norman Frankish Graham, London Hospital; Arthur Sydney Hahn,University of Sheffield and University College Hospital; AlexanderKeith Hamilton, St. Thomas’s Hospital; Reginald SimpsonHarvey, University of Leeds; Frederic James Humphrys, St.Thomas’s Hospital; Edward Lewis Hunt, St. George’s Hos-pital ; Charles Eric Sweeting Jackson, St. Mary’s Hospital ;

’ William Henry Kauntze, Victoria University of Manchester;Henry Goff Kilner, Middlesex Hospital; William Balfour Laird,

’

St. Thomas’s Hospital; Andrew Bonar Lindsay, London Hospital;Martin Wentworth Littlewood, St. Thomas’s Hospital; JivrajNarayan Mehta, Grant Medical College, Bombay, and LondonHospital; Ernest Spencer Miller, University of Liverpool; HaroldArundel Moody, King’s College Hospital; Richard Naunton OuseleyMoynan, University College Hospital; Alfred Arthur EdmundNewth, Westminster Hospital; Edgar Lionel Robert Norton,Bernard Rayne Parmiter, and Richard Douglas Passey, Guy’s Hos-pital ; Edward Hesketh Roberts, University College Hospital;Kenneth Robinson, Victoria University of Manchester; SamuelPryce Rowlands, King’s College Hospital; Edward Albert Seymour,St. Thomas’s Hospital; Bernard Sangster Simmonds, MiddlesexHospital; Arthur Hitchings Thomas and Thomas Anger FeremanTyrrell, St. Mary’s Hospital; and Francis Silvanus Williams, St.Bartholomew’s Hospital and University College, Cardiff.

The following candidates have passed in one of the twogroups of subjects :-Group I.—Helen Patricia Barnes, London (Royal Free HospitalSchool of Medicine for Women; Frank Charles Weeks Clifford,King’s College Hospital; Henry StClair Colson, WestminsterHospital; Grace Marion Cordingley and Gertrude Dearnley,London (Royal Free Hospital) School of Medicine for Women;Charles Alwis Hewavitarna and Harold William Hills, B.Sc.,University College Hospital; Augustine Henry Hudson. St.Thomas’s Hospital; George William Blomfield James. St. Mary’sHospital ; Mirza Mohammed Khan, University College Hospital ;William Matthews, Guy’s Hospital; Purushottam Tulsidas Patel,Grant Medical College, Bombay, and London Hospital; Sara Louisa

. Penny, London (Royal Free Hospital) School of Medicine forWomen; Hugh Ridley Prentice, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital;George FitzPatrick Rigden, Westminster Hospital; and FredericSanders and William Wallace Wood, London Hospital.

Group II.—Carlyle Aldis, Guy’s Hospital ; Cuthbert HastingsAttenborough, King’s College Hospital; Henry WashingtonBachelor, London Hospital; Florence Hilda Bousfield, London(Royal Free Hospital) School of Medicine for Women ; BasilWilliam Brown, Westminster Hospital; Bertie Isaac Cohen, St.George’s Hospital; Thomas Philips Cole, Guy’s Hospital ; WilliamHalley Eggar and Frederick Wood Hamilton, Middlesex Hospital;Alan Waites Hansell, University of Leeds and University CollegeHospital; Arthur William Havard, London Hospital; ReginaldGordon Hill and Bernard Whitchurch Howell, St. Bartholomew’sHospital; Robert Henry Liscombe, University College Hospital;George Harold Pearson, James Potter, and William FaulknerValentine Simpson, London Hospital; Henry Kenneth VictorSoltau, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital; John Tattersall, St. Mary’sHospital; Thomas Davies Williams, London Hospital; and EdwardAlfred Wilson, Middlesex Hospital.

N.B.-This list, published for the convenience of candidates, is issuedsubject to its approval by the Senate.

UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD.-The following degreehas been conferred :-

D.-31.-E. A. Cockayne, Balliol.

FOREIGN UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE.-Berlin: Dr. F. Neufeld, of the Imperial Health Service, hasbeen appointed a Principal Officer of the Institute forInfectious Diseases.—Innsbruck : Dr. Giinther v. Saar, ofGratz, has been recognised as privat-docent of Surgery.-Izcriefj (Dorpat) : Dr. Vorobjev, of Kharkoff, has beenappointed to the chair of Anatomy in succession to Dr.Rauber.—Leipsic : Dr. Arthur Knick has been recognisedas vrivat-docent of Otology.-Prague (German University):Dr. Ferdinand Schenk, privat-docent of Midwifery andGynaecology; Dr. Edmund Hoke, privat-dooent of Medicine ;and Dr. Richard H. Kahn, privat-docent of Physiology,have been granted the title of Extraordinary Professor.-Ticrin : Dr. Mario Donati has been recognised as privat.docent of Surgery and Operative Medicine.- Vienna: Dr.Walter Hausmann has been recognised as privat-docent ofGeneral and Comparative Pharmacology.—Würzburg : Dr.Flury, who is both an apothecary and a medical man,being Doctor of Philosophy and Doctor of Medicine, hasbeen recognised as privat-dooent of Pharmacology.

UNIVERSITY OF LONDON.—The examinationfor the Bucknill entrance scholarship of the value of135 guineas, and for the two exhibitions of the value of55 guineas each, tenable in the Faculty of Medical Sciencesat University College, London, will be held this year, anduntil further order, in July, and not, as in previous years, inSeptember. The subjects of the examination are chemistry,physics, botany, and zoology. Notice of intention to com-pete must reach the secretary of the College not later thanTuesday, July 9th.-Mr. W. J. Dakin, D.Sc., at presentassistant lecturer and demonstrator in zoology in the Uni-versity of Liverpool, has been appointed senior assistant inthe Department of Zoology and Comparative Anatomy atUniversity College, London.

THE INSURANCE ACT SANATORIUMS IN WILT-SHIRE.—At the last meeting of the Calne (Wilts) districtcouncil and board of guardians a letter was read from theWilts County Council stating that before the establishmentof the sanatoriums and dispensaries for pulmonary tuber.culosis, it was proposed to invite the local authorities to aconference on the subject. The communication also statedthat it would be necessary for the county council to availitself of the Parliamentary grant, which for Wiltshire wouldbe £10,000, and the Is. 3d. per head for the upkeep ofthese institutions would amount to £5500 per annum. Aseries of questions was enclosed, and the clerk was

instructed to reply to them, and to point out that at

present cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were treated in theworkhouse when necessary, and that the guardians andcouncillors were always able to have patients sent to asanatorium.

INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF AMERICANISTS.-An interesting gathering was held from May 27th toJune lst, when, on the invitation of the Royal Anthropo-logical Institute, the Eighteenth International Congress ofAmericanists met at the Imperial Institute, South Ken-

sington, by the courtesy of the University of London. Itwas attended by some 200 scientists of all nationalities,by official delegates from all the principal European,Australian, and American Governments, and from a

large number of learned societies and universities inboth the old world and the new. The Universityof Oxford was represented by Professor J. L. Myres,M.A., and Mr. Henry Balfour, M.A. ; Cambridge by Dr.Alexander Macalister and Mr. Alfred Cort Hadden, D.Sc. ;the Royal Geographical Society by Sir Everard im Thurn,K. C. M. G. ; the Society of Antiquaries by Sir EdwardBrabrook, C.B. ; the British Museum by Dr. C. H. Read;and the University of London by Dr. C. G. Seligmann. SirWilliam Osler, on behalf of the Board of Education,welcomed the foreign members. The objects of the Congressare to promote scientific inquiry into the history of bothAmericas and their inhabitants. The main subjects ofdiscussion dealt with the origin, distribution, history,physical characteristics, languages, customs, and religionsof the native races of America, and with the history of thediscovery and European occupation of the New World. To

1583

the medical man it was disappointing that the paper of o

F. C. Mayntzhnsen, of Alto Parana, Argentine Republic, on r

the Customs of the Guayaki relating to Childbirth and r

Name Giving, was not read, for according to the official a

abstract it described minutely the obstetric procedures prac- etised by this people, the massage of the new-born infantby pinching it all over, and the method of deforming itshead by pressing it between the hands, one against the

r

back of the head, the other against the chin, to bring aabout a mesocephalic skull, during which operation, it is

said, the child did not cry. An interesting paper wasthat of Jonkheer L. C. van Panhuys, of The Hague, on ]

Recent Discoveries in Dutch Guiana, in which the follow- ing conclusions of Lieutenant P. C. Flu, who was sent by the Dutch Government to inquire into the malarial fever in Surinam, were given. Lieutenant Flu reported that the

tropical malaria-the only cause of unhealthiness in theinterior of the colony-had been imported there by the Bushnegroes, who brought with them the African malaria whenthey were imported from Africa to Surinam. The malarialfever is carried chiefly by the Anopheles albipes. Most

probably the malaria has spread among the Indians only sincetheir contact with the Bush negroes and the gold diggers.He points out that to stay in Surinam without mosquito pro-tection is deadly, while Schomburgk was able to travel inthe interior of the neighbouring British Guiana withIndians for eight years without any illness. Lieutenant Flu,it was stated, also discovered the exact way in whichfilariasis is carried by mosquitoes, and reported on themarvellous effects of salvarsan in frambcesia or yaws, by theuse of which in a few days the entire hospital of patients,328 in number, recovered, so that in less than a monththe hospital could be closed. Another paper that evokedconsiderable interest was that by Dr. C. Bleyer,on Anthropophagous Prehistoric Cave Dwellers on thePlateaux of Brazil. The other papers were mainlyof a purely archaeological character. The Congress nowmeets every two years, and each Congress is a separateentity, arranged by a local committee, but the leadingmembers are fairly constant in their attendance. TheDuke of Connaught is patron, and the Council numberson its general committee many distinguished names :

the Duke of Argyll ; Lord Curzon of Kedleston, Presi-dent of the Royal Geographical Society and Chan- cellor of Oxford University ; Earl Grey, late Governor-General of Canada; the Right Hon. James Bryce ; SirFrancis Hodgson, ex-Governor of British Guiana; SirArchibald Geikie, President of the Royal Society; and theVice-Chancellors of the Universities of Oxford, Cambridge,London, Manchester, Liverpool, and Edinburgh. Much of itssuccess this year was due to the energies of Mr. T. W. Joyce,of the organising committee, the organising secretary, Mr.F. C. A. Sarg, and Miss A. C. Breton, the assistant secretary.The first Congress was held at Nancy in 1875, the subse-quent ones being held as follows : Luxembourg, 1877 ;Brussels, 1879 ; Madrid, 1881 ; Copenhagen, 1883 ; Turin,1886 ; Berlin, 1888 ; Paris, 1890 ; Huelva, 1892 ; Stockholm(under the presidency of Professor R. Virchow), 1894 ;Mexico, 1895 ; and Paris, 1900. From this time on theCongresses have met alternately in the new world and theold as follows : New York, 1902 ; Stuttgart, 1904 ; Quebec,1906; Vienna, 1908 ; Buenos Aires (May) and Mexico(September), 1910. The next Congress will meet inWashington, D.C., in October, 1914, with a second sessionat La Paz, Bolivia.

Parliamentary Intelligence.NOTES ON CURRENT TOPICS.

The Lighting of the House of Comr2ons.A REPORT to the First Commissioner of Works regarding a proposal

to substitute electric light for gas in the debating chamber of theHouse of Commons has been made by Mr. E. TREACHER COLLINS,F.R.C.S. He visited the chamber in conjunction with Dr. L. C.PAREES to see if electric lighting arrangements would be in any waylikely to be injurious to the eyesight of Members of Parlia-ment. The lighting of the House of Commons is carried out

through a glass ceiling. Mr. TREACHER COLLINS points out thatultra-violet rays may produce irritation of the eyes, but in the Houseof Commons the rays of the electric lamps will be filtered through threelayers of glass. The ultra-violet rays will be cut off by the amber colour

of the latter. Therefore, in Mr. TREACHER COLLINS’S conclusion, thereis no fear that the eyesight of Members will be affected by ultra-violetrays. He further found the illumination to be more uniformly diffusedand freer from points of a glittering character when the illuminant’waselectric light and not gas. The question of introducing electric lightwas discussed on the Office of Works votes on Tuesday, June 4th. Mr.WEDGWOOD BENN intimated that a portion of the roof would be illu-minated with electric light. If Members found the experiment animprovement it would be extended to the whole of the lightingarrangements.

Notification of Phthisis in Scotland.One of the most interesting passages in the annual report of the

Local Government Board for Scotland, which has just been issued-as aParliamentary Blue-book, deals with the notification of phthisis in

Scotland. The report states that it is now recognised as an - indis-

pensable preliminary to effective and complete preventive measuresagainst pulmonary tuberculosis that local authorities should haveaccurate information of the cases occurring within their districts. The’number of local authorities in Scotland which had adopted the notifica-tion of this disease at Dec. 31st, 1911, was 111. They represented apopulation of 2,749,303, or 57’8 per cent. of the total population of thecountry. ______ _

HOUSE OF COMMONS.TUESDAY, JUNE 4TH.

The International Opium Conference.Dr. CHAPPLE asked the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs when

it was intended to lay upon the table papers on the subject of theInternational Opium Conference, including any report made by theBritish plenipotentiaries.-Sir E. GREY replied: The report of theBritish delegates to the International Opium Conference is at presentbeing considered by His Majesty’s Government, and will be laid assoon as possible.

London University Buildings.In the course of the debate on estimates for the Office of Works,Mr. WEDGWOOD BENN (representing the First Commissioner of £

Works) said in regard to the question whether the University ofLondon buildings were to be erected in the Botanic Gardens, that thesegardens were not under the control of the Office oi Works. That,department had heard nothing of any such proposal, but he thought"the First Commissioner of Works would be opposed to the erection ofany such buildings in the Botanic Gardens.

West Riding of Yorkshire Asylzems Bill.On the motion for the second reading of the West Riding of Yorkshire

Asylums Bill,Sir JOHN SPEAR, in moving the rejection of the measure, said that at

present the lunatics in the West Riding were in charge of two institu-tions-those of the County Council and of the Poor-law guardians.The proposal of this Bill was to set up a third governingbody-a body which would have the power of spending largesums of money, but would not be responsible to the partieswho had to raise the money. The proposal was to delegateto a statutory board the powers which were now carried out by the two

existing public bodies. The great majority of the Poor-law guardians-were opposed to the Bill. He contended that a similar scheme to that". here proposed had worked very badly in Lancashire.

Mr. MIDDLEBROOK, in supporting the Bill, declared that it was not. proposed to alter or trench upon the powers or duties of any existingi authority. 1t was proposed that county boroughs should be grouped

together for purposes of asylum administration. The only change’ proposed was to make an existing voluntary arrangement into a. statutory one. -

, Mr. ELLIS GRIFFITH (Under Secretary of State for the Home Depart-- ment) said that by the Bill it was proposed to provide an Asylums

Board for Yorkshire similar to the Asylums Board for Lancashire. He! would submit to the House that the Bill was an improvement on-the, present state of affairs. The union of local authorities under it was a.. permanent one, and none of them would be able to give notice to with-

draw from it. There would not be delay in referring matters back to; the County Council and the borough councils. He asked the House togive the Bill a second reading. :,

The opposition to the Bill did not press a division, and it was read asecond time.

) WEDNESDAY, JUNE 5TH.o Tuberculosis in the Vavy.Mr. MIDDLEMORE asked the Secretary to the Admiralty whethertuberculosis was more prevalent among writers than any other class in

the navy ; and, if so, whether this was shown to be attributable to the"badly ventilated and lighted offices in many of His Majesty’s ships.—Mr.MAONAMABA replied : The ratio of cases of tuberculosis per 1000 of allranks in 1909 was 283, of naval writers 2-54. The ratio per 1000 of allranks in 1910 was 2-29, of naval writers 3-84. No inference of any par-ticular value can be drawn from these ratios as the total number ofwriters borne compared with the total of all ranks is small. In 1909 thetotal number of writers borne was 787, with two cases of tuberculosis.In 1910 the total number was 782, with three cases.

BOOKS, ETO., REOEIVED.

ALCAN, FÉLIX, 108, Boulevard Saint-Germain, Paris.Traite International de Psychologie Pathologique. Directeur Dr.A. Marie (de Villejuif). Tome troisième. Psychopathologieappliquée. Par MM. lea Professeurs Bagenoff, Bianchi, Sikorsky,G. Dumas, Havelock-Ellis, Dr. Cullerre, A. Marie, Dexler,F. Helme, ProfesseurJ. Wertheim Salomonson. Price Fr.25. -

CHURCHILL, J. AND A., London.Psychological Medicine. A Manual on Mental Diseases for Prac-

titioners and Students. By Maurice Craig, M.A., M.D. Cantab..F.R.C.P.Lond., Physician for, and Lecturer in, Psychological