PART B CRITERIA DESIGN

Name: Ning Zhu

No.730220

Tutor: Canhui Chen

B1: Research fields_Strips & FoldingStrips/folding is the form that characterized by folded or curve shape on surface which is still made up of basic small free-form curves, surfaces, or volumes. In parametric algorithmic design system, those basic forms are banded, linked and bended as a surface, followed by being folded to a intricate cube.

Greg Lynn, who wrote a book named “ Folding in architecture”, emphasized the imporatnce of folding in structure and facade system. He stated that architectural complexity in both composition and constructioncontinues as folidng is widely used in construction, and folding is also developed to a “metophor” filed to demonstrate its existing. 1It is true. Classical strips and foldling is normally demonstrated on detail components but the structure of mian construction is either vertical or horizontal, like Feiyang in traditional Chinese buiding or capitals in Greek columns. With the technics developing, folding types can be widely used in main structure so that construction form can be formed vivid than ever.

Computational design takes strip or folding shape another chance to revolute itself. With continous iterations, alterations, or overlapping, folding can be changed, added or omitted easily without any economic wastes while reaching the target that desginers want.

As for its fabrication concerns, it is much easier to be manufactured with the aiming of certain tools to a certain folded angle. Additionally, folding is sometimes a god way to save materials since curves sometimes are shorter than two straight lines and also waste materials are reduced compared to ancient time.

Therefore, even current strip/folding system is a complexity when seeing, it can be manipulated by certain tools, modifying whole construction structure readily and also save time as well as materials.

1. "Folding in architecture", Greg Lynn, https://arch629eldridge.files.wordpress.com/2010/04/read-to-p23wk14-lynn-et-al-folding-in-architecture.pdf

CO-DE-IT, LOOP 3

Strips is adopted thoroughly in this structure. First, strips form its base. The base of this structure can be seen as a triangle or three ellipses banding together initially. However, with the strip curved line, the shape beomes one unit without obvious angles. Secondly,strips makes the base centre stand up. The strips concerntrating to centre makes this structure extend vertically while standing on ground with its three feet still. Thirdly, three wings are “inflating” with the distance further away from centre point, which is rovolved smoothly at end by strip shape Fourthly, the structure above is bigger than bottom but still standing stable. By using strip shape at each wing vertically, it can transfer the load homogeneously to ground without any abrupt angles or rotate at edge.Fifthly, strip makes this structure in multi-layer in a gradient form.The second top layer of wing is the biggest area, followed by decresing area to two ends, which makes it aesthetically smart.

GALAXY SOHO,BEIJING

Strips is adopted both at main four main tower structure and their linking corridorsFirst, strips form every tower edge horinzontally, which makes it like a round or ellipse if from top view.Secondly, strips shpe form every tower vertically. Seen from side view, ithe vertical edge is bigger at middle point while deflate at two ends, which demonstrates its gracefull feelingThirdly, strips from the top of each tower. Seen from outside, it seems that no flat ground for people standing since stripe-shape roof is adopted up to highest line tehn downFourthly, strips are used at each linking corridor edge horizontally.

ICD/ITKE Research Pavilion 2010.

Strips and folding are both adopted at this construction.First, Strip line is used at timber bottom edge horizontally and vertically. Through horizontal aspect, it forms a round shape while the height of people standing area(see people on image) is a bit higher than height of glazing French window area.Secondly, strip is used at top so that no abrupt angle existing from outer edge to top then to centre round hole.Thirdly, folidng shape is adopted at its component of main structure. It seems that the structure is made up of five layers of stereo circles while each circle consists of about 50 pieces of “foldling timber”. These folidng timbers are folded as annulation things and ranged side by side. Of course, annulation things are stripes themself also since it is round or ellipse fromside view.

B2: Case study 1.0

Biothing pavilion is charactered by its self organising and adaptive systems, followed by transferred each of "cluster" into different scales1.Each cluster consists of several curved dropping pipe orgins from one centre like a umbrella, and these different scaled clusters are linked at cluster centre by a main curved pipe.

Due to the computational design system, the curved lines can be added and modified themself by adjusting varied data on a few magnetic field. Every magnetic field will affect surrounding magnetic fields, so that those curves demonstrated by a magnetic fields is modified.

I choose this structure for two reasons. Firstly, it demonstrates a curved shape that only formed by many basic curve line, which is suitable with my proposal on curving shape in Merri Creek.Secondly, the realtionships of each clusters that will interact surrounding shapes between them is another lightspot. Since my proposed structure will be manipulated by simple but near distance objects, i need to focus on the interations between each componenets.

1."‘biothing’ – a transdisciplinary lobratory founded by Alisa Andrasek", Posted by Nora Schmidt on 05.11.2009http://www.dailytonic.com/biothing-a-transdisciplinary-lobratory-founded-by-alisa-andrasek/

Biothing Pavilion

Biothing pavilion is charactered by its self organising and adaptive systems, followed by transferred each of "cluster" into different scales1.Each cluster consists of several curved dropping pipe orgins from one centre like a umbrella, and these different scaled clusters are linked at cluster centre by a main curved pipe.

Due to the computational design system, the curved lines can be added and modified themself by adjusting varied data on a few magnetic field. Every magnetic field will affect surrounding magnetic fields, so that those curves demonstrated by a magnetic fields is modified.

I choose this structure for two reasons. Firstly, it demonstrates a curved shape that only formed by many basic curve line, which is suitable with my proposal on curving shape in Merri Creek.Secondly, the realtionships of each clusters that will interact surrounding shapes between them is another lightspot. Since my proposed structure will be manipulated by simple but near distance objects, i need to focus on the interations between each componenets.

1."‘biothing’ – a transdisciplinary lobratory founded by Alisa Andrasek", Posted by Nora Schmidt on 05.11.2009http://www.dailytonic.com/biothing-a-transdisciplinary-lobratory-founded-by-alisa-andrasek/

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Add divide points on main "stem" curve

Increase radius data of circles on main "stem" curve

Increase division point a long c i rc les on main "stem" curve

Add one field spin Add multi-field spins, strength positive and negative

Add more points on curve divide, Point spin exist with Field spin

Change parameters on circle that before field line, offset more circles

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Modify data in point field and field spin before field spin

Modify data in graph mapper A d d o n e - t w o s i n e g r a p h mapper

Delete curve and keep point filed as orgins

A d j u s t d a t a a f t e r f i e l d line,including graph mapper, add data on charge

Add s ine graph mapper, parallel with Bezier graph mapper

Graph mapper are multipled by different parameter units

Add many field spin and just keep two point field

Add decay on field spin Add decay on field spin, use ellipse to replace circle before field line, unit Z to move it

Change scale one graph mapper

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Increase division point a long c i rc les on main "stem" curve

Decrease division data of Field spin and range data

Change graph mapper shape and scale, keeping Bezier curve type

Change graph mapper type from Bezier curve to sine curve

Add perlin graph mapper type with initial graph mappers

Change parameters on circle that before field line, offset more circles

Change parameters on circle that before field line, offset more circles

Change graph mapper type by sries battery controlling

A d d s i n e g r a p h m a p p e r controlled by range battery with Bezier graph mapper

Simplify data on field spin, delete points and keep curves, increase "N" in field line

A d d o n e - t w o s i n e g r a p h mapper

A d d o n e - t w o s i n e g r a p h mapper

A d d t w o s i n e g r a p h mapper,change data on sine and bezier graph mapper

Add decay on spin field and much change on this data

Simplify graph mapper, add a point on initial circle

Graph mapper are multipled by different parameter units Add decay on point field,change

radius of filed lineCircles left of field line is linked with several planes

Much adjusting data on graph mapper

S i m p l i f y g r a p h m a p p e r, u s e rectangles to replace circle before field line

Change scale one graph mapper

Change graph mapper from Bezier line to sine line

Add unit Y and perlin graph mapper

Add mataball components on initial points

Add pipe of different radius at two ends on before field line

Chosen designSelection criteria:

1.. Intriguing: the shape can reflect somethings in the real world, allowing people to connect other things2. Doubled/Multiled: the shape needs to be duplicated of the same shape3. Covering: the shape needs to expose a large area rather than a long stick or a few small dots only.

2.2 3.7

4.6 5.7

2.2: i choose that because it is not only like a group of tadpole, but also it is made up of by repeating tadpoles and showing a dynamic shape in water. Origins from Biothing pavilion, the cluster centres are seen as "fixing dots", while with dynamic long curves behind like tails. It will help my further design on something on water surface.

3.7: i choose that because it is like two up-side down bottles whereas they share a same bottle bottom at top. Since my future proposal exists somethings that hang on ends of curved high stick, so it wakes me a lot.

4.6: i choose that because it is like a snail shell or sea conch. Its shape exists a centre and sweep biggger and bigger surrounding this centre. It embarks me on its relations between surrounding issues and centre issue, how they interact each but still keeping on two different things.

4.6: i choose that because it is like several black holes in universe with heavy and light suction power. Even though each of black holes intersect half of its volumns, they can be seen clearly still. My proposal exist intersection from top view, so how to deal with is a problem that i need to solve.

B3: Case study 2.0Slicing Opacity Pavilion in Silico Building

This part of case study is about reverse engineering. The project i choose is slicing opacity pavilion in Silico Building. The reason i choose this structure is because it not only exists the charateristics of stripes/folding shapes, but also somethings that to connects a series of stripes/folding shapes that resembles my thinking for Merri Creek.

1.Stripes/folding shapes: It is obvious to be demonstrated from its layers of sections. For each section, it is like a storey that demonstrate an irregular curved-edge shape. However, every layer are connected by this shape and from bottom layer to top layer, they demonstrate a process of gradient shifing, normally bigger at bottom and smaller at top.

2.Multi-shape connections: These shapes are all supported by vertical issues like long bolt or glasses that passing the load from up layer to down layer until bottom supporters to ground. This kind of supporting method guaranttes the shape to be stable, no matter what kind of shape above or the shapes deviate to which directions, the supporers can be added to more density at certain areas to make sure a stable structure

3. Materials: Since the struture is normally made up of two issues, one is horizontal multi-layer sections and the other is vertical supporters, two different types of materials are adopted. For front, they are non-transparent to offer clear vision to show that they are layers, to provide paltforms to stand or place things on them; for rear, they are non-section vertical things except transparet glass, so it seems that they are not existing but they are indeed crucial. Without them, the structure will collapse.

Reverse engineering

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B4: Technique development1.

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Shift points to two side and make weave

Add arc component on points

Top curve b igger wh i le b o t t o m c u r v e s m a l l e r, changeparametre to make more section layer

To p a n d b o t t o m c u r v e change location to limit

Rotate that volumn to varied rad ian to make severa l volumns combine together

Change top and bot tom curve to polygon, and rotate middle part of section layer

Outside surface shell mesh

Inside core surface mesh to smaller

Section layer surface mesh to make bigger and concave -convex

Section layer mesh to merge storey, offset supporter points to corresponding location

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Add rectangle on same vertical line points

Add rectangle on random points

Offse t d i f fe ren t distance and loft

Change top and bot tom curve to polygon, and rotate middle part of section layer

Change section layer th inkness by range component

Bot tom curve choose round curve and top curve choose polygon curve

Section layer mesh to merge storey, offset supporter points to corresponding location

Mesh supporter as inflation and deflation

Use basic shape as foundation to make pavilion

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Outside surface subdivision to make different radius circles

Both outside and inside core surface subdivision in different density

Subdivide outside surface to re-make hundreds of triangle panel surfaces

Two sets of Triangle panel surfaces, one is offset to out

A d o p t j i t t e r a n d s c a l e b a s e d o n orginal base shape

C h a n g e s e r i e s parameter that control scale component

Change series parameter to negative number

Change series parameter that control jitter

"Move" component that control original curve, i ts "N" in series component is increased

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Put image sampler component on surface and loft

Two sets of Triangle panel surfaces, one is offset to out

Adopt brep closet point and trim on outside surface

brep closet point and trim is adopted on section layer

Change series parameter that control jitter

series parameter that control jitter is changed to range rather than one number

Jitter 's j i t ter and seed are modified

Jitter is unfunctioned, only left scale to be functioned

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Add one graph mapper(Bezier ) to control rail curve

A d d f o u r g r a p h mapper(Bezier) to control section curves

Add 2-3 other type of graph mapper(perlin,sine) on initial oen Bezier graph mapper

Much change on shape of graph mapper

Adopt Pframes and brep/plane to make section layer sway rather than standard level

Cull pattern to control pipe, brep/plane

Change direction of outer rail and inner rail, and top&bottom curve direction

Adopt pop2D and vonoroi as frame supporter to replace previous broken supporters

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Much change on shape of graph mapper Deflate mapper shape, so

making section layer deflation as well

Adopt pop2D and vonoroi as frame supporter to replace previous broken supporters

Vonoroi with pop3D, make po in ts up a long un i tZ as supporters

Add metaba l l and o f f se t component

F o l l o w e d b y m e t a b a l l , extruding it and cap

Chosen designSelection criteria:

1. supporting: the section layers are not supported by conventional columns, vertical stickes,etc, but by boards, outside facades,etc.2. Section layers: should be weird, dynamic, splice shaped,etc, rather than a whole piece.3. Overall layer shape vertically: should be somethinngs that curved, concave and convex rahter than a straight line.

1..6: i choose it because it is supported by random panels at each section (2-3 panels), which will strength my futher model on trying different supporters.

4.6: I choose it because the section layers are not conventional, they are looped by an outer and an inner surrounding line, but break one piece again and again. Also for each section layer’s break, they are like sunshine from centre core hole.

6.2: I choose it beacause it resembles wind erosion rock in natural. Even supporters are not seen from outside, a core central supporter is in centre to link hundreds of varied shapes of layers. It is a good practise for me to resemble something that origins from nature directly, and for my future model on Merri Creek

8.4: I choose it beacause the overall main struture is not that section layers but a extruded “shelf” while the section layers are set to be an affiliated issue. Meanwhile, the “shelf”’s inner partitions become supporters to fix that section layers on this shelf structure, which make traditional column supporters to be thrown away.

1.6 4.6

6.28.4

B5: Technique: PrototypesTechinique focus: Strip-shaped Section with vertical tree links

The idea of this focus origins from two aspects. On the one hand, aquatic birds are not always swim in water. They sometimes will stand on platforms(refer to image 1 and 3). On the other hand, they likes to swim along bank especially where lush plants grow(refer to image 2). So i would like to combine these two elements, to construct some man-made things that in water but along the bank to offer them good places

Image 1

Image 2

Image 3

First step: Long section but only one layer + higher parallel "plants", they connect only at one pointResult: The outcomes was not quite well since if the plants are too high and only fix with that section at lower position, they can not intersect each other to make compression and tension, so they are easily collapsing.

I had to use glue to fix one side to test its outcomes. It is better compared with the side that without glues, but compression and tension still can not be made through this method.

As for the fastness issue of that section, the result showed that it is stable since i made joinery with those "plants" which add friction force.

Conclusion: Multi-layer section will be adopted and plants have to be shortened

Above image: bottom row of plants are glued while upper side of plants almost are not glued, almost collpsing

Second step: Short section but multi layers (I put two layers first) to decrease the friction force of joinery+ shorter round "plants", each plant connect at two points with section layers

Result: The outcomes was better than first step since even though the main bigger layer section is at lower position like first step, those plants intersect each other through second layer of section,which is like two clips to hold two ends of a string and make this string not to be skew.

Since for those two layer section of that structure, one is joined at out edge of plants and the other is joined inner edge of plants, the lower one produces compression while upper one produces tension, both section layer and plants are stable.

Conclusion:Multi-layer have to be adopted, better one is in and the other is out

Third step: Re-use first step structure and add another section layer out of plants, to test whether the struture is strengthedResult: The outcomes was better than first step but still worse than second step round one, since i mix the plants location with digital ones, and once the prototype model's joinery can not be suitable with temporary arranged plants, the top section layer will not be supported by plants. So all structure will easily collapse. In addition, i believe that both section layers are out circles will lead to lacking of tension load to high "plant" especially at top part I must add one section layer inside circle like step2, to add some tension.

Conclusion:Section layer have to include both outer circle and inner circle; if the section layer is long and connect with lots of plants, the joinery must be accurated precisely and plants can not be mixed

Stable on both section layer and vertical plants

Fourth step: To replace upper outer circle to inner strip(since the strip space is limited, i do not make a hole as step two) to add tension to structure

Result: The outcomes was better than third step but worse than second step, since the strip shape is long and joinery to plants are harder to control compared with step two. I believe that mixing plants with initial joinery is another reason, but through the test one outer strip circle and one one inner strip (circle) is a must, to strenth both section layer and high plants

Conclusion:High plants is not problem, but long strip shape have to be more careful on its joinery issue. Both outer strip circle and inner strip are have to adopted to strength both compression and tension.

B6: Technique: ProposalPlanted Platforms for water birds on

The connection area of Merri Creek and Yarra River is inhabited by many water birds. Sometimes they like to stand on rocks above water surface; sometimes they like to swim along water bank in and out lush plants even step on land.My proposal is to observe and analyse these habit and propose best planted platforms for multi-purposes.

Multi-layer section platforms for them to remain on.

Platforms that built at deep-water area can offer water birds another choice to sway other than shallow water near river bank.

Man-made planted-shape scupltures can keep the flourish of plants when winter comes

Vertical "plants" and horizontal "platforms" can shade part of strong sunlight when summer comes.

Good place to shunt running of water-flow so that algae will grow up there, followed by fish comes which attracts water birds comes as a food-hunting place.

Platforms offer places for soil and plants seeds being blowed on it, so it is possible that real plants grow up on it mixing with man-made vertical "plants"

Deep water level by dam, water surface wide, water flow slow, seldom natural rock or plants can grow from water

Rapid water flow, hard for water birds to swim inside

Shallow water level,narrow water surface, many rocks and plants can expose out of water surface

There fore , the b lue area is my destination to set this planted platforms

Proposal i: Single cluster

Proposal ii: Multi clusters

From B5 process, I have tried to explore the relations of section layer numbers and shape, as well as supporter height. How these two elements affect the stability of my struture.

Joinery struture will be much applied in this struture no matter to join components in one cluster or one cluster and one cluster joinery. However, since the struture is in water and the lower part of this struture is soaked in water, special fixing methods have to be adopted to make sure it is stable forever.

Since timber material will be corroded if soaked in water for long time, i think that metal material have to be adopted for “plant-shaped” supporters even though the surfaces of these metal resemble timber. Meanwhile, rock or grass texture surface material can be adopted for section layer but they have to be lightweight and smaller-scale from lower level to top level.

Fabrication and material thinking

From B1 to B4 process, the two structures, Biothing Pavilion and Slicing Opacity Pavilion in Silico Building wake me a lot on thier technique applications.

For biothing pavilion aspect, i adopt its several clusters on one curve, then the whole structure is made up of a few curves with these clusters. It was achieved by divided points on curve generating points fileds and interact together.

So my struture is also as clusters to be linked together(refer to proposal ii) along the river bank. Even though i do not adopt point field or spin field on my own design, each cluster have to interact each other though higher and lower section layer. One cluster’s plants forms also may also affect another cluster’s plants or section platform, so this is what the field component in grasshopper that wakes me.

Technique thinking

B7: Learning Objectives and outcomes Objective 7. developing “the ability to make a case for proposals

Actually there is a big gap between digital approaches and practical approach. In digital approach that adopts grasshopper, the shape can be stimulated by just piling, but through practical model i find that small joins or small gap will the whole struture not in an completed shape or collapsing. However, though practical model i can make some mistakes that digital model doing wrong or never being considered to perfect my proposal.

Objective 8. begin developing a personalised repertoire of computational techniques.

I am able to develop some of personalised repertoire from initial algorithm programming but not fully mastered, especially when i face some simple programming that the shape itself can not be changed too much like in B4. Additionly, some components in grasshopper that relevant seldom using will also stuck me to program further complex programming.

Objective 2. developing “an ability to generate a variety of design possibilities for a given situation”

Since i have not much researched in detail on my target clients, water birds like in Mebourne, what they eat, what kinds of plants they are refer to be habitating, my design proposed possiblity is limited,which means only one to two shapes or functions can be put forward.

Objective 3. developing “skills in various three-dimensional media”

In three dimension rhinoceros and grasshopper from B2 to B4, i can do different media by showing varied shape on technique development, but in the prototyping process afterwards, since my reaserach field have not expanded in details, i can not put forward various 3D media that shot on certain points accurately. In addition, prototyping is another shortcoming since i made it simple as much as i can so that the judgers felt that my model can not show praramtric elements

Objective 7. develop foundational understandings of computational geometry, data structures and types of programming

IN opinion, in B2 case study1.0 i can showed my understanding exactly according to parametric data shifting, in B4 my reverse-engineering program, my techinique development is not as good as B2 since some parametric data is leaping and i do not know how to transit them smoothly. in B6, even though i use grasshopper to made digital model first, it is still to see the computational elemnents inside.

A l g o r i t h m sketchbook part B

W03_ Gridshell and patterning 09

W04_ Field, Expressions, Fractal Tetrahedra 09

W04_ Field, Expressions, Fractal Tetrahedra 09

W05_ Evaluating Fields 09

W05_ Evaluating Fields 09

W06_ Tree issues and path mapper 10

W08_ Kangaroo application 10