Optimize flocculation with

FlocCAM and JarCAM

www.FlocCam.com

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Coagulation & Flocculation

• Coagulation– add a coagulant that

makes the suspended particles “sticky”

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Coagulation & Flocculation

• Flocculation– Gentle stirring increases

particle collisions

– Particles stick together, form settleable or filterable floc

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Ten State Standards

• Coagulation– Mixing: ≤ 30 seconds – Velocity gradient: G ≥ 750 fps/ft

http://10statesstandards.com/waterrev2012.pdf

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Ten State Standards• Flocculation– Residence time: ≥ 30 mins

– Flow-through velocity: 0.5 to 1.5 ft/min

– Agitator paddle peripheral speed: 0.5 to 3.0 ft/sechttp://10statesstandards.com/waterrev2012.pdf

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Very large ranges within guidelines for operation...What are our goals?

Goals of Coagulation & Flocculation

• To “change the particle size distribution to best suit the subsequent processes.” (Han et al., 1999)

• To reach “the conditions of dosage and pH that achieve a minimum particle count and turbidity, maximum TOC, DOC and DBP removal and minimum coagulant residual.” (Edzwald & Tobiason, 1999)

• To “transform suspended colloidal particles into flocs that can be removed by sedimentation.” (Tse et al., 2011)

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How do we know if we’re achieving these goals?

• Conventionally, treatment plants monitor:– Zeta Potential (streaming current monitor)

• Although it can give indication of proper coagulant addition, does not give information regarding physical properties of flocs and size distribution

– Settled water turbidity• Measurement taken towards end of treatment; by the time operator

sees a problem, the problem has likely persisted for hours– TOC, DOC and DBP removal

• Typically not used as direct indications that proper flocculation is taking place

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• Experienced operators often look in a flocculation basin to confirm that the process is healthy

• What are they trying to see? 1. Average particle size2. Particle size distribution3. Average particle density4. Average particle velocity

How do we know if we’re achieving these goals?

The FlocCAM and JarCAM are tools that quantify flocs’ physical properties

TM TM

The FlocCAM

• The FlocCAM is designed to be mounted atop the flocculation basin and provide the operators detailed information in real-time:1. Average particle size2. Size skew, indicating particle size distribution3. Average particle density4. Average particle velocity5. Average particle sphericity6. Average particle mass

www.FlocCam.com

TM

TM

www.FlocCam.com

Graph displaying two parameters over time

All data updated in real-time

Live video from the floc basin

FlocCAM Computer Interface

Data is then stored in an easily-accessible file for future reference

TM

FlocCAM Benefits

www.FlocCam.com

TM

• Quantifies data in real-time regarding flocs’ physical properties• Video feed facilitates flocculation monitoring• Data often functions as the first quantitative assessment that the plant is

operating correctly• Enables operators to evaluate the effects of miniscule chemical dose

changes on flocculation performance, leading to chemical cost savings• Allows operators to predict and monitor the number of flocs being

transferred through to the filters, therefore lengthening filter run times • Stored data allows operators to compare past and current flocculation

performance• Facilitates communication between operators regarding plant

performance

Ten State Standards

• “The operator and design engineer should determine the appropriate G value and detention time through jar testing.”

http://10statesstandards.com/waterrev2012.pdf

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The JarCAM

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TM

• The JarCAM is designed to be mounted on the side of a jar during a jar test. During the jar test, it provides the same data as the FlocCAM :1. Average particle size2. Size skew, indicating particle size distribution3. Average particle density4. Average particle velocity5. Average particle sphericity6. Average particle mass

TM

TM

www.FlocCam.com

Graph displaying two parameters over time

All data updated in real-time

Live video from the floc basin

JarCAM Computer Interface

After the jar test, data is stored in an easily-accessible file for future reference

TM

JarCAM Benefits

www.FlocCam.com

TM

• Quantifies data in real-time regarding flocs’ physical properties during jar tests

• Data provides operators with numerical evidence to use to identify the jar with the optimal chemical dose

• Enables operators to differentiate between jars with similar chemical doses

• Stored data allows operators to compare current data with previous jar test data• Facilitates communication between operators regarding jar test observations

Optimize flocculation with

FlocCAM and JarCAM

www.FlocCam.com

TM TM

Durasens, LLC141 Tompkins Ave, Pleasantville, NY 10570

T 914 747 7205 F 914 747 7209 E info@FlocCAM.comwww.FlocCAM.com