PHY Ramalan K3 Trial SPM 2012 Mi(1)

1

PAPER 3 MODULE (SMK MERBAU MIRI, SARAWAK) PREDICTED SPM 2012A student carries out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the pressure of water and its depth, h. Thearrangement of the apparatus for the experiment is shown in Diagram 1.1. A thin rubber sheet is fixed across the mouth of athistle funnel. A rubber tube is used to attach the funnel to a manometer which contains liquid P. x 1 and x 2 are the liquid levelsin both arms of the manometer. The pressure exerted by water is determined by the difference in the liquid level, l. Metre rule Rubber tube

Tiub getahPembaris meter

cm 5

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Depth, dKedalaman, d

Thistle funnelCorong tisel

3

2

1

x2

l = x2 – x 1

x1

Liquid P

Cecair P

Rubber sheetKeping getah

Water

Air

Manometer

Manometer

Diagram 1.1The thistle funnel is immersed in the water at a depth, h = 0.5 cm from the water surface. The manometer reading is as shownin Diagram 1.2. The procedure is repeated with h = 1.0 cm, 1.5 cm, 2.0 cm and 2.5 cm, and the corresponding manometerreadings are shown in Diagram 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6.

cm 5

4

3

2

1

x2 =………..

x1 =………..

l = ……………

cm 5

4

3

2

1

x2 =………..

x1 =………..l = ……………

cm 5

4

3

2

1x1 =………..

l = ……………

x2 =………..

Diagram 1.2: h = 0.5 cm Diagram 1.3: h = 1.0 cm Diagram 1.4: h = 1.5 cm

cm 5

4

3

2

1x1 =………..

l = ……………

x2 =………..

cm 5

4

3

2

1 x1 =………..l = ……………

x2 =………..

Diagram 1.5: h = 2.0 cmDiagram 1.6: h = 2.5 cm(a)For the experiment described above, identify: (i)The manipulated variable

(ii)

[1 mark]

…………………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………….…………………..The responding variable[1 mark]

…………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………..………………..The constant variable[1 mark]

…………………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………….……….…………………..

(iii)

(b) Based on Diagrams 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6;(i)Determine x 1 , x 2 and the value of l by using the formula of:

l = x2 – x1

Record all the values of x 1 , x 2 and l in the space provided in Diagrams.

(ii) Tabulate your results for x 1 , x 2 and l for all values of h, in the space below.

[3 marks]

[4 marks]

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(c)

(d)

Draw a graph of l against h on a sheet of graph paper given.

Based on your graph in 1(c), state the relationship between l and h.

[5 marks]

[1 mark]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2 A student carries out an experiment to study the relationship between the angle of incidence, i, and the angle of refraction, r,when a light ray passes from air to a semicircular glass block. The apparatus for this experiment is shown in Diagram 2.1.

Semicircular glass block

Incident ray

iRay box

Refracted ray

r

Diagram 2.1The ray box is adjusted so that a ray of light enters the semicircular glass block at an angle of incidence, i = 15°. The angle ofrefraction, r, is measured with a protractor. The experiment is repeated with angles of incidence, i = 30°, 45°, 60° and 75°. Thecorresponding measurements made by the protractor are shown in Diagrams 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5 and 2.6.


0 10

180 170 160

20

15

0

30

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180 170 160

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30150

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012

070110110 110

100 10080 80

909080

110 12 070 13 60 0

9080 80100 100

30o

45o

110 1 2070 13 60 0

110 1 2070 13 60 0

15o

40

50

Diagram 2.1: i = 15° Diagram 2.2: i = 30° Diagram 2.3: i = 45°

0 10

180 170 160

2030

150

20 30180 170 160 150

0 10

60o 75

o

Diagram 2.4: i = 60°

(a)

Diagram 2.5: i = 75°Based on the explanation of the experiment, state;(i)The manipulated variable[1 mark] …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………(ii)The responding variable[1 mark] …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………(iii) The constant variable[1 mark] …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

015

30

160

20

170

10

180

0

150

30

160

20

170

10

15

180

0

0

30

50 50

40 40

160

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170

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180

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015

30

160

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015

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30 14 0

14 0

14 0

160

180

20

0

170

10

180

0

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014

130

40

0

50

40

500 013

14

60 60 012

50

14

012

70 70110 110

100

80

10080

100

50

4014 0

80

90

110 12 070 13 60 0

9080 100

110 1 2070 13 60 0

(b) Measure all the angle of refraction by using your own rule.Tabulate your results for the value of i, r, sin i and sin r. [ 7 marks]

(c)

(d)

Plot a graph of sin i against sin r.

Based on your graph, state the relationship between sin i and sin r.

[7 marks]

[1 mark]


……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………………

3 A student carries out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the wavelength of light, λ and the distance, xbetween two consecutive bright fringes of an interference pattern which is formed on a white screen. The separation betweenthe double slits is fixed at 0.3 mm. The arrangement of the apparatus for this experiment is shown in Diagram 3.1.

White light source Coloured filter

White screen

Single slitDouble slit

To power supply

Diagram 3.1The student starts the experiment using a white light source and a red filter. The red light has a wavelength of 750 nm. Theinterference pattern formed on the screen is shown in Diagram 3.2. Dark fringesBright fringes

d1

cm

45678 λ = 750 nm d 1 = ……………….. cm x 1 = ……………….. cm Diagram 3.2The distance, d, for ten consecutive bright fringes is measured and recorded. Then, the distance, x, between two consecutivebright fringes is determined by using the following formula:

0 1 2 3

x= d10

The experiment is repeated with different coloured filters to produce light with wavelengths of 625 nm, 542 nm, 417 nm and317 nm. The corresponding distances for ten consecutive bright fringes are shown in Diagrams 3.3, 3.4, 3.5 and 3.6.

d2

cm

0 1 2 3 45 λ = 625 nmd 2 = ……………….. cmx 2 = ……………….. cm

6 7 8

d2

cm

0 1 2 3 4

λ = 542 nmd 3 = ……………….. cmx 3 = ……………….. cm

5 6 7 8


d2

cm

0 1 2 3 4

λ = 417 nmd 4 = ……………….. cmx 4 = ……………….. cm

5 6 7 8

d2

cm

0 1 2 3 4

λ = 317 nmd 5 = ……………….. cmx 5 = ……………….. cm

[1 mark]

5 6 7 8

(a) For the experiment described above, identify:(i)The manipulated variable

(ii)

(iii)

…………………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………….…………………..The responding variable[1 mark]…………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………..………………..The constant variable[1 mark]

(b) …………………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………….……….…………………..For this part of the question, write your answers in the spaces provided in the corresponding diagrams.Based on Diagrams 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5 and 3.6:(i)Record the distance, d, for ten consecutive bright fringes.[1 mark]

(ii) Calculate and record the distance, x, for two consecutive bright fringes. [3 marks]

[3 marks](c) Tabulate your results for all values of λ, d and x in the space below.

(d)

(e)

On the graph paper, plot a graph of x against λ.

Based on your graph in 1(d), state the relationship between x and λ.

[5 marks]

[1 mark]

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

4 An experiment is carried out to investigate the relationship between the height of air inside the tube, h and the frequency ofsound wave, f generated. The air pump is used to blow the air on top of the tube so that it will produce a sound. The sound isthen detected by a microphone and the pattern of sound wave is displayed on the screen of CRO. The arrangement of theapparatus for this experiment is shown in Diagram 4.1. Microphone

Wave pattern

Push Air pumpAir

h


Water

Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO) Diagram 4.1From the pattern of the wave, the period of the wave generated, T can be calculated by using the equation, -1T = d (0.05) s cm , where d is the length of one wave in cm.The frequency of the wave, f can be calculated by using equation,

f= 1T

Diagram 4.2 shows the example of illustration of the wave pattern from the CRO screen. Scale: 1 square = 1cm x 1 cm d = 4.0 cm -1T = 4.0 cm (0.05 s cm ) = 0.20 s f = 1/T = 1/0.2 = 5.0 Hz

Diagram 4.2The experiment begins with the height of the air, h = 30.0 cm and the pattern of the wave produced on the CRO’s screen isshown in Diagram 4.3. The experiment is then repeated by using different height, h = 25.0 cm, 20.0 cm, 15.0 cm and 10.0 cmand the corresponding pattern of wave is shown in Diagram 4.4, 4.5, 4.6 and 4.7.

Scale: 1 square = 1cm x 1 cmh = 30.0 cmd = ................................ cmT=f = ................................... Hz





(a) For the experiment described above, identify:(i)The manipulated variable [1 mark]

(ii)…………………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………….…………………..The responding variable[1 mark]

…………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………..………………..The constant variable[1 mark]

(iii)

(b) …………………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………….……….…………………..Based on Diagrams 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6 and 4.7, determine the length of one wave, d, and period of wave, T, for thecorresponding height of air in the tube, h.For each value of h, calculate the frequency of wave ƒ.Tabulate your results for d, T and ƒ for every value of h in the space below.[6marks]


(c) On the graph paper, plot a graph of ƒ against h.marks]

Based on your graph, state the relationship between ƒ and h.mark]

[5

(d) [1

(e)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..State one precaution that should be taken to obtain accurate readings in this experiment.[1 mark]

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

SECTION A QUESTION 2

2.1 The graph of 1v

1against u in Diagram 2.1 shows the result of an experiment to determine the focal length of a lens.

1v

/ cm−1

0.10


0.08

0.06

0.04

0.02

0

0.02

(a)

0.04 0.06

Diagram 2.1

0.08 0.101u

/ cm −1

Based on the graph in Diagram 2.1:(i)What happens to the image distance, v, when the object distance, u, increases? [1 mark]

(ii)……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………Determine the value of the image distance, v when the object distance, u = 20 cm.Show on the graph how you determine the value of v.[3 marks]

(b) v = …………………………..Extrapolate the graph so that it intercepts on both axes.(i)Write down the values of the intercepts both of the axes. [3 marks]

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….....................................(ii) Write down an expression to show the relationship between 1

uand 1

v. [1 mark]

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………(c) The lens formula is given as 1

u+ 1 = 1 . Determine the focal length, f, of the lens. vf

[3 marks]

(d) State one precaution that should be taken to improve the result of the experiment. [1 mark]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

2.2 A student carries out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the object distance, u, and linear magnification,

M, of the image formed by a convex lens. The results of this experiment are shown in a graph of u against

The results are used to determine the focal length of the convex lens.

1 in Diagram 2.2.M

u / cm

25


20

15

10

5

0

0.1

(a)

1M

0.2 0.3 0.4

Diagram 2.2

0.5 0.6 0.7

Based on the graph in Diagram 2.2:(i)State the relationship between u and M. [1 mark]

(ii)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...Determine the value of u when M = 2.5.Show on the graph, how you determine the value of u.[3 marks]

u = ………………………………(b)

The relationship between u and 1 is given by the formulaM 1 u = f() + f, where f is the focal length of the lens. M(i) Determine the value of f from the u-intercept.

Show on the graph how you determine the value of f. [2 marks]

(ii)f = ………………Calculate the gradient of the graph. [3 marks]

(iii) From your answers in 2(b)(i) and 2(b)(ii), calculate the average value of the focal length, f, of the lens. [2 marks]

(c) State one precaution that should be taken to improve the accuracy of the readings in this experiment. [1 mark]

2.3 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….A student carries out an experiment to investigate the relationship between potential difference V across the terminal of thebattery and the current, I. The result of the experiment is shown in Diagram 2.3.

V/V5.0

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3.0

2.0

1.0

0

0.2

(a)

I/A

0.4 0.6 0.8

Diagram 2.3

1.0 1.2 1.4

Based on the graph in Diagram 2.3;(i)State the relationship between V and I. [1 mark]

(ii)…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………Determine the value of E, when I = 0.0 AShow on the graph how you obtained the value of E.[2 marks]

(iii)E = …………………………….Name the physical quantity that is represented by the value of E in (a)(ii). [1 mark]

(b) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..Calculate the gradient, r of the graph.Show on the graph how you determine r.[3 marks]

(c)r = ………………….……..From the graph, state the value of V when I = 0.60 A. Show on the graph how you obtained the value of V. [2 marks]

(d)V = ……………………………The external resistance, R is given by the formula E = I(R + r). By using the value of E in a(ii), r in (b) and I = 0.60 A,calculate the value of R.[2 marks]

(e)R = ………………………….State one precaution that should be taken to improve the results of this experiment. [1 mark]

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

2.4 A student carries out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the sin i and the sin r of glass block. The results ofthis experiment are shown in the graph of sin r against sin i in Diagram 2.4.

sin r

1.0

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0.6

0.4

0.2

0

(a)

0.1 0.2 0.3

Diagram 2.4

0.4 0.5 0.6sin i

Based on the Diagram 2.4:(i)State the relationship between sin r and sin i . [1 mark]

(ii)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………Determine the value of r when sin i = 0.6.Show on the graph, how you determine the value of r.[2 marks]

(iii)r = ……………………………….Determine the value of i when r = 30°.Show on the graph, how you determine the value of i. [3 marks]

(iv)i = ……………………………….Calculate the gradient, m of the graph.Show on the graph, how you calculate m. [3 marks]

m = ………………………………(b)

The refractive index, n of the glass block is given by the formula n =

the value of n.

1, where m is the gradient of the graph. Determinem

[2 marks]

(d)n = ……………………………State one precaution that should be taken in the experiment. [1 mark]

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………………………………

Section B [FORM 4 EXPERIMENT]

3.1 Diagram 3.1 shows the water flows through the penstock of a dam when the water level is full. The turbine rotates faster dueto the high pressure of water.Diagram 3.2 shows the water flows through the penstock of a dam when the water level is decreased. The turbine rotatesslowly due to the low pressure of water.

Generator

DamEmpangan

PenjanaGenerator

Dam

Empangan

Penjana


WaterAir

Water

Air

WaterAir

Water

Air

TurbineTurbin

TurbineTurbin

Diagram 3.1Diagram 3.2Based on your observation and information;(a) State one suitable inference.[1 mark](b) State one suitable hypothesis.[1 mark](c) With the use of apparatus such as a thistle funnel, thick rubber tube, tall beaker, manometer, metre rule and other apparatus, describe an experiment framework to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b). In your description, state clearly the following: (i)Aim of the experiment (ii)Variables in the experiment (iii) List of apparatus and materials (iv) Arrangement of the apparatus and materials (v)The procedures of the experiment include the method of controlling the manipulated variable and the method of measuring the responding variable (vi) The way you would tabulate the data (vii) The way you would analyse the data[10 marks]

3.2 The Diagram 3.2(a) shows a child sitting on a swinging cradle with short length of string. Diagram 3.2(b) shows that if he sits onthe cradle with longer string, he notices that the cradle takes longer time to stop from swinging.

Diagram 3.2(a)Diagram 3.2(b)Based on the information and observation above:(a) State one suitable inference.[1 mark](b) State one suitable hypothesis.[1 mark](c) With the use of apparatus such as pendulum bob, stopwatch and other apparatus, describe an experiment framework to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b). In your description, state clearly the following: (i)Aim of the experiment (ii)Variables in the experiment (iii) List of apparatus and materials (iv) Arrangement of the apparatus and materials (v)The procedures of the experiment include the method of controlling the manipulated variable and the method of measuring the responding variable (vi) The way you would tabulate the data (vii) The way you would analyse the data[10 marks]

3.3 Diagram 3.1 shows a worker using a piece of straight long and uniform wood to determine to determine the depth of a holefilled with water.


WaterWater

h1

h2

Diagram 3.1Diagram 3.2When the wood is pushed a bit into water as in Diagram 3.1, he feel that a small force is needed, when the wood is pushedfurther down as in Diagram 3.2, he found that a larger force is needed.Based on your observation on the volume of air trapped in the beaker;(a) State one suitable inference.[1 mark](b) State one suitable hypothesis.[1 mark](c) With the use of apparatus such as load, beaker, spring balance and other apparatus, describe an experiment framework to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b). In your description, state clearly the following: (i)Aim of the experiment (ii)Variables in the experiment (iii) List of apparatus and materials (iv) Arrangement of the apparatus and materials (v)The procedures of the experiment include the method of controlling the manipulated variable and the method of measuring the responding variable (vi) The way you would tabulate the data (vii) The way you would analyse the data[10 marks]

3.4 Diagram 3.1 shows air being released by a submarine. Observe the change in the air bubbles as they rise toward the surface.

Diagram 3.1: Submarine

Based on your observation above;(a) State one suitable inference.[1 mark](b) State one suitable hypothesis.[1 mark](c) With the use of apparatus such as syringe, thick rubber tube and other apparatus, describe an experiment framework to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b). In your description, state clearly the following: (i)Aim of the experiment (ii)Variables in the experiment (iii) List of apparatus and materials (iv) Arrangement of the apparatus and materials (v)The procedures of the experiment include the method of controlling the manipulated variable and the method of measuring the responding variable (vi) The way you would tabulate the data

(vii) The way you would analyse the data [10 marks]

3.5 Diagram 3.1 shows an empty plastic bottle being left on the seat of a car on a hot afternoon.

Diagram 3.1Diagram 3.2Diagram 3.2 shows the same plastic bottle the following morning when the weather was very cold.Based on the information and observation:(a) State one suitable inference.[1 mark](b) State one suitable hypothesis.[1 mark](c) With the use of apparatus such as capillary tube closed at one end with some air trapped in it with a small column of oil, tall beaker, Bunsen burner, and other apparatus, describe an experiment framework to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b). In your description, state clearly the following: (i)Aim of the experiment (ii)Variables in the experiment (iii) List of apparatus and materials (iv) Arrangement of the apparatus and materials (v)The procedures of the experiment include the method of controlling the manipulated variable and the method of measuring the responding variable (vi) The way you would tabulate the data (vii) The way you would analyse the data[10 marks]


3.6 Diagram 3.1 shows the broken pencil image when it is put in front of a glass.

Diagram 3.1Base the your knowledge about the refraction of light and your observations:(a) State one suitable inference.[1 mark](b) State one suitable hypothesis.[1 mark](c) With the use of apparatus such as glass block, protractor and other apparatus, describe an experiment framework to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b). In your description, state clearly the following: (i)Aim of the experiment (ii)Variables in the experiment (iii) List of apparatus and materials (iv) Arrangement of the apparatus and materials (v)The procedures of the experiment include the method of controlling the manipulated variable and the method of measuring the responding variable (vi) The way you would tabulate the data (vii) The way you would analyse the data[10 marks]

3.7 Diagram 3.1 shows two pails, R and S, with R containing more water than S. Both the pails are exposed to sunlight. After a fewhours it was observed that the water in pail S is hotter than the water in pail R.

SunlightSunlight


RDiagram 3.1

S

Based on the information and observation:(a) State one suitable inference.[1 mark](b) State one suitable hypothesis.[1 mark](c) With the use of apparatus such as beaker, thermometer, immersion heater and other apparatus, describe an experiment framework to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b). In your description, state clearly the following: (i)Aim of the experiment (ii)Variables in the experiment (iii) List of apparatus and materials (iv) Arrangement of the apparatus and materials (v)The procedures of the experiment include the method of controlling the manipulated variable and the method of measuring the responding variable (vi) The way you would tabulate the data (vii) The way you would analyse the data[10 marks]

4.1 Diagram 4 shows two audio technicians is going to set a close hall so that the audient can enjoy the sound perform by a singerclearly. When the workers bring the two speakers closely to another, the distance beside two chairs must be set further apartso that the sound effect is good enough. The works can be illustrated as shown in the diagram below.

Worker Worker

Speaker

Diagram 4Based on the situation above,(a) State one suitable inference.[1 mark](b) State one suitable hypothesis.[1 mark](c) With the use of apparatus such as signal generator, loud speakers and other apparatus, describe an experiment framework to investigate the hypothesis stated in 4(b). In your description, state clearly the following: (i)Aim of the experiment (ii)Variables in the experiment (iii) List of apparatus and materials (iv) Arrangement of the apparatus and materials (v)The procedures of the experiment include the method of controlling the manipulated variable and the method of measuring the responding variable (vi) The way you would tabulate the data (vii) The way you would analyse the data[10 marks]

4.2 Diagram 4.1 and Diagram 4.2 show an identical bulbs connected to the conductor wires of identical length but of differentthickness. When the power supply is switched on, the bulbs lighted with different brightness.


Diagram 4.1Diagram 4.2Based on the information and observation given,(a) State one suitable inference.[1 mark](b) State one suitable hypothesis.[1 mark](c) With the use of apparatus such as dry cell, rheostat, constantan wire and other apparatus, describe an experiment framework to investigate the hypothesis stated in 4(b). In your description, state clearly the following: (i)Aim of the experiment (ii)Variables in the experiment (iii) List of apparatus and materials (iv) Arrangement of the apparatus and materials (v)The procedures of the experiment include the method of controlling the manipulated variable and the method of measuring the responding variable (vi) The way you would tabulate the data (vii) The way you would analyse the data[10 marks]

4.3 Diagram 4.1 and Diagram 4.2 show how two transformers are used to light up two identical electric lamps, P and Q. Lamp Q inDiagram 4.2 lights up more brightly.

Diagram 4.1Diagram 4.2Based on your observation on the number of turns in the transformer’s coil and the brightness of the lamps in Diagram 4.1and Diagram 4.2:(a) State one suitable inference.[1 mark](b) State one suitable hypothesis.[1 mark](c) With the use of apparatus such as transformers, voltmeter, bulb, a.c. source and other apparatus, describe an experiment framework to investigate the hypothesis stated in 4(b). In your description, state clearly the following: (i)Aim of the experiment (ii)Variables in the experiment (iii) List of apparatus and materials (iv) Arrangement of the apparatus and materials (v)The procedures of the experiment include the method of controlling the manipulated variable and the method of measuring the responding variable (vi) The way you would tabulate the data (vii) The way you would analyse the data[10 marks]

PAPER 3 MODULE [SUGGESTED MARKING SCHEME]PREDICTED SPM 2012 (SMK MERBAU MIRI, SARAWAK)

1 (a) (i)(ii)(iii)(i)

Depth of thistle funnel being immersed//Immersed depth//Depth [1 mark]Difference in liquid level on manometer//Water pressure//Difference in liquid level [1 mark]Density of water//Diameter of manometer//Amount of liquid in manometer//Size of thistle funnel [1 mark]x 1 = 2.1 cm/ 1.7 cm/ 1.3 cm/ 1.3 cm/1.1 cm [At least 4 correct with unit = 1 mark]x 2 = 2.7cm/ 2.9 cm/ 3.2 cm/ 3.9 cm/ 4.3 cm [At least 4 correct with unit = 1 mark]l = 0.6 cm/ 1.2 cm/ 1.9 cm/2.6 cm/ 3.2 cm [At least 4 correct with unit = 1 mark] Depth, h/cm Level x 1 /cmLevel x 2 /cm Difference level, l/cm ←Must all title, symbol/unit correct=1M 0.52.12.70.6 1.01.72.91.2 1.51.33.21.9 2.01.33.92.6 2.51.14.33.2 ↑↑↑ ConsistentConsistentConsistent decimal decimaldecimalplace 1M place 1Mplace 1M

Graph of l against h

(b)

(ii)


(c)

Difference in level, l/cm

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 Depth, h/cm

(d)

x-axis label + y-axis label (one √)Scale for x-axis is even (one √)Scale for y-axis is even (one √)At least 4 points are plotted correctly(one √) Straight smooth line start from origin(one √) Best fit (one √)Marking rubric Number of tickMarks allocated 6 ticks5 marks 5 ticks4 marks 4 ticks3 marks 2 – 3 ticks2 marks 1 tick1 mark All wrong0 markDirectly proportional [1 mark]Reject any other answer!!

2 (a)

(b)

(i)Incident angle//Angle of incident//Incidence angle [1 mark](ii)Refracted angle//Angle of refraction [1 mark](iii) Density of glass block// Refractive index of glass block//Thickness of glass block [1 mark] sin rIncident angle, i/° Refracted angle, r/° sin i←Must all title, symbol/unit correct=1M 15110.260.19 30200.500.34 45290.710.48 60360.870.59 75410.970.66 ↑↑↑↑ At least 4 correctAt least 4 correctAt least 4At least 4 1M1Mcorrectcorrect 1M1M

Consistent decimal place 1M

Consistent decimal place 1M


(c)Sin i Graph of sin i against sin r

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Sin r

(d)

x-axis label(one √)Scale for y-axis is even (one √)At least 4 points are plotted correctly(one √)Marking rubric Number of tickMarks allocated 7 ticks7 marks 6 ticks6 marks 5 ticks5 marks 4 ticks4 marks 3 ticks3 marks 2 ticks2 marks 1 tick1 mark All wrong0 markDirectly proportional [1 mark]Reject any other answer!!

y-axis label (one √)Scale for x-axis is even (one √)Best fit (one √)Straight smooth line start from origin(one √)

3 (a)

(b)

(i)(ii)(iii)(i)

(c)

Wavelength [1 mark] Distance between two consecutive bright fringes [1 mark] Distance between the screen and the double slits//separation between slits [1 mark] d 1 = 7.9 cm, d 2 = 6.6 cm, d 3 = 5.7 cm, d 4 = 4.4 cm, d 5 = 3.3 cm [At least 4 correct = 1 mark, at least 4 with unit = 1 mark, consistent decimal places = 1 mark](ii)x 1 = 0.79 cm, x 2 = 0.66cm, x 3 = 0.57 cm, x 4 = 0.44 cm, x 5 = 0.33 cm [At least 4 correct/with unit = 1 mark] Wavelength, λ/ nmDistance between tenDistance between two←Must all title, consecutive bright fringe, d/cmbright fringes, x/cmsymbol/unit correct=1M 7507.90.79 6256.60.66 5425.70.57 4174.40.44 3173.30.33 ↑↑↑ At least 4 correctAt least 4 correct = 1 markAt least 4 correct = 1 mark = 1 markConsistent decimal = 1 mark


(d) Distance between two consecutive bright fringes, x/cm Graph of x against λ0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0100 200 300 400 500 600700800

Wavelength, λ/cm

(e)

x-axis label + y-axis label (one √)Scale for x-axis is even (one √)Scale for y-axis is even (one √)At least 4 points are plotted correctly(one √) Straight smooth line start from origin(one √) Best fit (one √)Marking rubric Number of tickMarks allocated 6 ticks5 marks 5 ticks4 marks 4 ticks3 marks 2 – 3 ticks2 marks 1 tick1 mark All wrong0 markDirectly proportional [1mark]Reject any other answer!!!

4 (a)

(b)

(i)Height of air in the tube(ii)Frequency of wave(iii) Speed of air being blown//distance between the top of tube with microphoned = 3.5 cm/ 3.2 cm/2.8 cm/2.6 cm/ 2.3 cm [At least 4 correct = 1 mark]T = 0.175 s/0.160 s/0.140 s/0.130 s/0.115 cm [At least 4 correct = 1 mark]f = 5.71 Hz/6.25 Hz/7.14 Hz/7.69 Hz/8.70 Hz [At least 4 correct = 1 mark] Height of air, h/cmLength of one wave, d/cm Period, T/s Frequency, f/Hz

30.025.020.015.010.0

3.53.22.82.62.3

0.175 0.160 0.140 0.130 0.115 ↑Consistent decimal = 1 mark

5.71 6.25 7.14 7.69 8.70 ↑Consistent decimal = 1 mark

←Must all title,symbol/unit correct=1M


(c) Frequency, f/Hz

9.0

8.0

7.0

6.0

5.0

4.0

3.0

2.0

1.0

Graph of f against h

05.0 10.0 15.0 20.0

(d)(e)

x-axis label + y-axis label (one √)Scale for y-axis is even (one √)At least 4 points are plotted correctly(one √)Best fit (one √)Marking rubric Number of tickMarks allocated 6 ticks5 marks 5 ticks4 marks 4 ticks3 marks 2 – 3 ticks2 marks 1 tick1 mark All wrong0 markDecreases linearly [1 mark]Make sure the surrounding is free from noise//use more powerful microphone [1 mark]

35.030.0 Height of air, h/cmScale for x-axis is even (one √)Straight smooth line start (one √)

25.0

SECTION A QUESTION 2

2.1 (a) The image distance decreases -1// accept no unit1 mark]u = 20 cm, 1/u = 0.05 cm [calculate 1/u show on the graph the location of 1/v due 1/u with dashed-line [1 mark] -1so, 1/v = 0.05 cm v = 20.0 cm [correct answer with unit = 1 mark](i)Extrapolate the line until touch both axes with dashed-line [1 mark] -1[correct answer with unit 1 mark]1/v = 0.10 cm -1[correct answer with unit 1 mark]1/u = 0.10 cm(ii)1/u = 1/v [1 mark]0.10 + 0.10 = 1/f[Correct substitution = 1 mark] 1/f = 0.20 f = 5 cm[Correct answer = 1 mark Correct unit = 1 mark]Carry out the experiment in darker room

Inversely proportional [1 mark] Reject any other answer!!(ii) M = 2.5, 1/M = 0.4 Show on the graph the location of u and 1/M with dashed-line [1 mark] So, u = 21 cm//20.75cm [Correct answer with unit = 1 mark](i)Show the extrapolation until touch u-axis using dashed-line [1 mark] f = 14.5 cm [Correct answer with unit](ii) Show on the graph the right-angle triangle with value of two points (0, 14.5) and (0.67, 25) [1 mark] Gradient of graph = (25 – 14.5)/(0.67 – 0)[Substitute into formula 1 mark] = 10.5/0.67 = 15.67 cm[Correct answer with unit = 1 mark](iii) Average value of the focal length, f = (14.5 + 15.67)/2 cm [1 mark] = 15.10 cm [Correct answer with unit = 1 mark]Avoid parallax error by placing the eyes perpendicular to the scale of metre rule when reading the object n imagedistance//Carry out the experiment in darker room//Make sure the object, lens and screen at the same line//Adjust thescreen to get the sharpest imaged formed [1 mark]

Decreases linearly [1 mark] Reject any other answer!!!!(ii) Show on the graph the location of E due I = 0.0 A using dashed-line by extrapolation [1 mark] E = 3.5 V [Correct answer with unit = 1 mark](iii) Electromotive force of battery//voltage of battery [1 mark]Show on the graph the right-angle triangle with two points (0.3, 3.0) and (1.2, 1.5) [1 mark]Gradient of graph, r = (1.5 – 3.0)/(1.2 – 0.3)[Substitute 1 mark] = (–1.5)/0.9 -1[Correct answer with unit = 1 mark , Accept unit Ω]= –1.67 VAShow on the graph the location of V due I = 0.60 A using dashed-line [1 mark]V = 2.5 V [Correct answer with unit = 1 mark] From the formula: E = I(R + r)[Substitute into formula 1 mark] 3.5 = 0.60( R – 1.67) R = 7.50 Ω[Correct answer with unit = 1 mark]Avoid parallax error by placing the eye perpendicular to the scale of voltmeter/ammeter//Switch off the power afterevery set reading as to prevent overheating of circuit which may increase the resistance of circuit

Directly proportional Show on the graph the location of sin r due sin i = 0.6 [1 mark] Sin r = 0.9 r = 64.5° [Correct answer with unit 1 mark](iii)Determine the value of i when r = 30°. When r = 30°, sin r = sin 30°= 0.5 [1 mark] Show on the graph the location of sin i due sin r = 0.5 [1 mark] So, sin i = 0.33 i = 19.2° [Correct answer with unit 1 mark](iv)Show on the graph the right-angle triangle using dashed-line with two points (0, 0) and (0.6, 0.9) Gradient, m = (0.9 – 0)/(0.6 – 0) [Substitute 1 mark] = 1.5 [Correct answer/no unit = 1 mark]From the formula, refractive index, n = 1/1.5[Correct substitution 1 mark] = 0.67[Correct answer/no unit = 1 mark]Carry out the experiment in darker room//Use the same type of lamp [1 mark]

(i)(ii)

(i)

(i)

(i)(ii)

(b)

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(d)

2.2 (a)

(b)

(c)

2.3 (a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

2.4 (a)

[1 mark]

(b)

(d)

3.1 (a)(b)(c)

Section B [FORM 4 EXPERIMENT]The depth of water influences the water pressureWhen the depth of water increases, its water pressure increases also(i)To find the relationship between the depth of water with the water pressure(ii)Manipulated Variable: depth of water Responding Variable: water pressure Constant Variable: density of water(iii) Apparatus: Metre rule, manometer, water, rubber tube, measuring cylinder, thistle funnel, rubber sheet Materials: Tap water(iv)Rubber tube Manometer


10

Depth of water

Water

5 Difference high due pressure

Thistle funnel

Operational Definitions:-The depth of water is measured using metre rule-The water pressure is measured from difference height between the column of water in manometer which ismeasured using metre rule-The experiment is started by lowering the thistle funnel into the water to depth, x = 2 cm. The reading ofdifference in height of water column, h, of the manometer is recorded.-The procedure is repeated with the depths of 4 cm, 6 cm, 8 cm, 10 cm and 12 cm and the respective reading ofthe manometer are read respectively. Depth x/cmDifference in height of column, h/cm 2 4 6 8 10 12A graph of difference in height of water column, h/cm against the depth, d/cm is plotted.

Height, h/cm

0

(v)

(vi)

(vii)

Depth, d/cm

3.2 (a)(b)(c)

The length of thread influence its period of swingWhen the length of thread increases, the period of swing increases also(i)To study the relationship between the length of thread with the period of swing of simple pendulum(ii)Manipulated Variable: length of thread Responding Variable: period of swing of the pendulum Constant Variable: angle of the swing / mass of pendulum bob(iii) Apparatus: retort stand, pendulum bob, stopwatch, 2 wooden pieces Material: thread(iv) Wooden block

Retortstand

P Q

l

R

ThreadPendulum bob

(v)

Operational definition: -The length of thread is measured by metre rule -The time for 20 swings(one swing is P-Q-R-Q-P) is recorded using stopwatch1. The experiment is started with the length of thread, l = 10.0 cm with the pendulum is displaced to position Pwith small angle and then release. The pendulum is let to swing for a while before starting to count for 20 swings.The time for 20 swings, T 20 is recorded.2. The experiment is then repeated with the length of thread, l = 20.0 cm, 30.0 cm, 40.0 cm, 50 cm and 60.0 cmand the respective values of time are recorded.

(vi)

(vii)

Length, l/cmTime for 20 swings,t 20 /sPeriod, T/sPeriod square, T /s 10 20 30 40 50 2 2A graph of period square, T /s against the length, l/cm is plotted.

Period square, T 2 /s 2

2 2


Length, l/cm

3.3 (a)(b)

(c)

The immerse depth affects the buoyant force//The volume of metal rod immersed affects the buoyant forceThe greater the immerse depth, the greater the buoyant force//The greater the volume immersed, the greater thebuoyant force(i)To investigate the relationship between the immerse depth with the buoyant force//To investigate the relationship between the volume immersed with the spring balance reading(ii)Manipulated variable- the immerse depth//Volume of metal rod immersed Responding variable- buoyant force//spring balance reading Constant variable – density of water(iii) Apparatus: Ureka can, spring balance, beaker, load, weighing balance Materials: Thread, 100 ml beaker water.(iv) Spring balance

Wooden block

Tap water

Eureka can

Beaker

(v)

(vi)

(vii)

Operational definition: The immerse depth is measuring using metre rule The buoyant force can be determined from the decrease in spring balance reading or find the weight of water displaced-Immerse the weight into water until the depth, d = 2 cm and buoyant force, F, experienced by the load can bedetermined by the decrease in the spring balance reading is calculated (Weight in air – apparent spring balancereading).Optional: The buoyant force can be determined also by collecting the water flow out from eureka can. Measurethe mass of the water collected from eureka can using weighing balance and find the weight, W 1 . Where weight = mass x acceleration due to gravity.-Repeat the different immerse depth, d = 4 cm, 6 cm, 8 cm and 10 cm and the decrease in the spring balancereading is calculated. Immerse depth, d/cmBuoyant force, F/N 2 4 6 8 10A graph of buoyant force, F/N against the immerse distance, d/cm is plotted as below:

Buoyant force, F/N

Immerse depth, d/cm

3.4 (a)(b)(c)

The pressure of gas is affected by its volumeWhen the volume of gas increases, its pressure decreases(i)To investigate the relationship between the volume of gas with its pressure at constant temperature(ii)Manipulated Variable: volume of gas Responding Variable: pressure of gas Constant Variable: Temperature of gas trapped

(iii)

(iv)

Apparatus: Syringe, bourdon gaugeMaterials: clip, thick rubber tube

PSyringe

Air

Rubber tube

V

Bourdon gauge

(v)

(vi)

(vii)

Operational definition: -The volume of gas is measured by the syringe -The pressure of gas is measured by the Bourdon gauge-The above apparatus setup is prepared.-The piston of the syringe is adjusted until the volume of air in the syringe at atmospheric pressure. The other endof the rubber tube is connected to bourdon gauge and the pressure of the air in the syringe is read on the gauge.- The piston of the syringe is pushed in until the enclosed volume is V 1 . The pressure on the Bourdon gauge, P 1 isrecorded.-The above step is repeated for an enclosed volume of V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , and V 5 and then the pressure are measuredrespectively 3Volume, V/cmPressure, P/Pa 10 20 30 40 50 3A graph of air pressure, P/Pa against the volume, V/cm is plotted.

Pressure, P/Pa


Volume, V/cm 3

3.5 (a)(b)(c)

The volume of gas is affected by its temperatureWhen the temperature of gas increases, its volume increases also(i)To investigate the relationship between the volume of gas with its absolute temperature at constant pressure(ii)Manipulated Variable: temperature of gas Responding Variable: volume of gas Constant Variable: pressure of gas trapped(iii) Apparatus: beaker, stirrer, heater, capillary tube, thermometer, metre rule Material: sulphuric acid, water(iv)Thermometer

Capillary tube

Water

Sulphuric acid

Trapped air

Bunsen burner

(v)

(vi)

(vii)

Operational definition: -The temperature of water is measured using thermometer. -The volume is determined by measuring the length of air trapped inside the capillary tube using metre rule1. Switch on the power supply so that the heater will heat the water.2. Read thermometer when the temperature reach 30°C.3. At the same time measure the length, ℓ of air trapped inside the capillary tube. The volume of air is comply to the length of the air trapped.4. Stir the water continuously, and repeat the experiment when the temperature reach 40°C, 50°C, 60°C and 70°C 3Temperature, (T+ 273)/KTemperature, T/°C Volume, V/cm 30 40 50 60 70 3A graph of volume of gas, V/cm against the temperature, (T+273)K is plotted.

Volume, V/cm 3

Temperature, (T+ 273)/K

3.6 (a)(b)(c)

The angle of incidence affects the angle of refractionWhen the angle of incidence increases, the angle of refraction increases also(i)To investigate the relationship between the angle of incidence with the angle of refraction(ii)Manipulated Variable: angle of incidence Responding Variable: angle of refraction Constant Variable: density of glass block(iii) Apparatus: ray box with single slit, glass block, low voltage power supply, Material: ruler, protractor, plain paper(iv) Q XY

Glass P iPlain Ray box paperOperational Definition: -Both the angle of incident with the angle of refraction are measured using protractor.-Place a rectangular glass block at the centre of a piece of white plain paper. Trace the outline of the glass block. Remove the glass block and draw a normal through point P.-Using a protractor, construct several angles of incidence, i = 10° to the normal at the air to glass interface.-Replace the glass block back onto the plain paper. Direct a ray of light from the ray box at P along the line drawn for the angle of incident is 10º. Mark the path of the refracted ray with two crosses, X and Y.-Measure and record the angle of refraction, r.-Repeat steps above for the different angles of incidence, i = 20°, 30°, 40° and 50° and the respective refractive angle are measured. Angle of incidence, i/°Angle of refraction, r/°Sin iSin r 10 20 30 40 50A graph of sin r against the sin i is plotted.

Sin r


r

(v)

(vi)

(vii)

Sin i

3.7 (a)(b)(c)

The volume of water affects the rise in temperatureThe greater the volume of water, the smaller the rise in temperature(i)To investigate the relationship between the volume of water and rise in temperature of water(ii)Manipulated variable: Volume of water Responding variable: Rise in temperature Constant variable: Time of heating(iii) Apparatus: immersion heater, thermometer, 12 V d.c. power supply, polystyrene cup, stopwatch, stirrer, beaker Materials: tap water To 12V d.c(iv)

StirrerPolystyrene cup Water

Immersion heater

ThermometerStopwatch

(v)

(vi)

Operational definition:-The Volume of water is measured using beaker-The boiling time is measured using stopwatch-The rise in the temperature of water is measured using thermometer-The water must be stirred all the time so that the heat can be distributed evenly throughout the water-The above apparatus setup is prepared. 3-The experiment is started by the volume of water,V 1 =200 cm . The initial temperature of water is fixed at 28°C.The maximum rise in the temperature after heating for 10 minutes, T is recorded. 3333-The above step is repeated for volume of water of 400 cm , 600 cm , 800 cm , and 1000 cm and then themaximum rise in the temperature are recorded respectively 3Volume, V/ cmRise in temperature, T/°C 200

(vii)

400 600 800 1000 3A graph of rise in temperature, T/°C against the volume ofwater, V/cm is plotted. Rise in temperature, T/ oC

Volume ofwater, V/cm 3

4.1 (a)(b)(c)

The distance between two loudspeakers affects the distance between two loud soundsWhen the distance between two loudspeakers increase, the distance between two loud sound decreases(i)To investigate the relationship between two coherent sources and the distance between two loud sound(ii)Manipulated Variable: Distance between two loudspeakers Responding Variable: Distance between two loud sound Constant Variable: Distance between the sources with the screen(iii) Apparatus: speaker, audio signal/frequency generator, connection wire, power supply, measuring tape Audio frequency generator(iv) Loudspeaker

Loudspeaker


Listener

(v)

(vi)

(vii)

Operational Definition:-The distance between two loudspeakers and two loud sounds are measured using metre rule-By using a metre rule, the distance between the listener from the loudspeaker is set at distance, D. The audio-frequency generator is switched on. Use a distance between two loud speakers, a = 1.0 m.-The listener is requested to walk in a straight path from left to right. The distance between two successive loudregions is noted and measured by a metre rule = x-The experiment is repeated using a distance between two loud speaker a =1.5m, 2.0m, 2.5m and 3.0m and therespective distance between two successive loud sounds are noted and measured. Distance between two speakers, a/cmDistance between two loud sound, x/cm a1

a2

a3

a4

a5

A graph of distance between two loud sounds, x/cm against the distance between two speakers, a/cm is plotted. Distance between two loud sounds, x/cm

Distance between two speakers, a/cm

4.2 (a)

(b)

(c)

The thickness/diameter of wire affects the brightness of bulb//The thickness of wire affects the resistance//Thethickness of wire affects the potential differenceWhen the thickness of wire increases, the bulb become brighter//When the thickness of bulb increase, the resistancedecreases(i)To investigate the relationship between the thickness of the conductor wire with its resistance at constant length(ii)Manipulated Variable: thickness or diameter of wire Responding Variable: resistance// voltage Constant Variable: length of wire//current used(iii) Apparatus: Dry cells, insulated constantan wire, connector wire, ammeter, voltmeter, rheostat , switch, meter rule, micrometer screw gauge 2V d.c Switch(iv)

Ammeter AX Y

VVoltmeter

Rheostat

Operational definition:-The diameter of wire is measured using micrometer screw gauge-The voltage is measured using voltmeter

(v)

(vi)

(vii)

-The current value is measured using ammeter and is fixed using rheostat-The length of wire at the terminal X and Y is fixed at 20 cm-A 20 cm length of constantan wire of diameter, d = 0.1 mm is connected to a circuit as shown in diagram above-The rheostat is adjusted until the ammeter reading, I = 0.2A. The corresponding reading on the voltmeter, V ismeasured. The resistance of conductor used, R, is calculated using equation the equation of R = V/I-Repeat the experiment with the diameter of constantan wire, d = 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4mm and 0.5mm Thickness, d/mmPotential difference, V/V Resistance, R/ Ω 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0A graph of resistance, R/Ω against the thickness, d/mm is plotted. Resistance, R/ Ω Muat turun

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Thickness, d/mm

4.3 (a)

(b)

The magnitude of induced voltage depends on the number of turns of secondary coils//The number of turns ofsecondary coils affect the brightness of bulb//The number of turns of secondary coils affects the induced currentWhen the number of turns of secondary coils increases, the magnitude of induced voltage increases also To investigate the relationship between number of turns of secondary coils with the magnitude of induced(i) voltage(ii)MV: number of turns of the secondary coil RV: Magnitude of induced potential difference//induced current CV: number of turns of primary coils/ strength of magnet used(iii) Apparatus: soft iron, ammeters/voltmeter, C-shape magnet bars, a.c power supply, bulb, connecting wires(iv)Primary coils Ammeter A V VoltmeterBulbTo a.c power supply Secondary coils Soft laminated iron core

Operational Definitions:-The induced voltage is measured using voltmeter//The induced current is measured using ammeter-Set up the apparatus as shown, with a 240 V ac current supply with 50 turns on the primary coil.-Set the secondary coil so that the number of turns n = 20-Switch on the power supply, measure the induced voltage, V (with the voltmeter) that passes through thesecondary coil.-Repeat step 2 and 3 for n = 40, 60, 80 and 100 turns and the respective reading of voltmeter is recorded. Number of secondary coils, nInduced voltage, V/V 20 40 60 80 100Graph of induced voltage, V/V against the number of secondary coils, n is plotted. Induced voltage, V/V

(v)

(vi)

(vii)

Number ofsecondary coils, n

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