Index

Sr. No Scientific name Family Local names Page No. 1 Cycas circinalis Cycadaceae Queen sago 4

2 Washingtonia filifera Arecaceae Fan palm 5

3 Phoenix dactylifera Arecaceae Date palm 6

4 Tradescantia spathacea Commelinaceae Oyester plant 7

5 Polyalthia longifolia Annonaceae Budha tree 8

6 Achyranthes lindenii Amaranthaceae Ghost orchid 9

7 Hamelia patens Rubiaceae Fire bush 10

8 Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Malvaceae China rose 11

9 Dracaena Asparagaceae Dragon tree 12

10 Sterculia foetida Malvaceae Wild almond 13

11 Ixora coccinea. Rubiaceae Jungle flame 14

12 Casuarina equisetifolia Casuarinaceae Jungli saru 15

13 Colocasia esculenta Araceae Arbi 16

14 Crinum asiaticum Amaryllidaceae Poison bulb 17

15 Alstonia scholaris Apocynaceae Blackboard tree 18

16 Ficus religiosa Moraceae Peepal 19

17 Tectona grandis Lamiaceae Teak 20

18 Codiaeum variegatum Euphorbiaceae Croton 21

19 Araucaria cunninghamii Araucariaceae Colonial pine 22

20 Epipremnum aureum Araceae Money plant 23

21 Musa paradisiaca Musaceae Banana 24

22 Alternanthera dentate Amaranthaceae Purple night 25

23 Limonia acidissima Rutaceae Elephant apple 26

24 Jatropha gossypifolia Euphorbiaceae Physic nut 27

25 Plumbago auriculata Plumbaginaceae White leadwort 28

26 Peltophorum pterocarpum Fabaceae Golden flamboyant 29

27 Eucalyptus Myrtaceae Eucalyptus 30

28 Nerium oleander Apocynaceae Kaner 31

29 Acalypha wilkesiana Euphorbiaceae Fire dragon 32

30 Caryota urens Arecaceae Fish tail palm 33

2

(1) Kingdom: Plantae Division: Cycadophyta Class: Cycadopsida Order: Cycadales Family: Cycadaceae Genus: Cycas Species: C. circinalis

Economic importance – The seed is poisonous. The potent poison in the seeds is removed by soaking

them in water. Water from the first seed-soaking will kill birds, goats, sheep and hogs. Water from the

following soakings is said to be harmless. After the final soaking, the seeds are dried and ground into

flour. The flour is used to make tortillas, tamales, soup and porridge.

GYMNOSPERM

3

(2) Kingdom: Plantae Order: Arecales Family: Arecaceae Genus: Washingtonia Species: W. filifera

Economic importance – The leaves of the adult plants have been used in basket weaving to make mats,

carrier baskets, and brooms. The young unopened leaves are treated with sulphur to make them softer

and supple and are then used for finer work. The husk, known in southern Spain as "higa", is edible

before its full development. The fruits are not edible but have been traditionally used in medicine as an

astringent because of their bitterness and high tannin content.

Angiosperms (MONOCOTYLEDONS)

4

(3) Kingdom: Plantae Order: Arecales Family: Arecaceae Genus: Phoenix Species: P. dactylifera

Economic importance – Dates provide a wide range of essential nutrients, and are a very good source of

dietary potassium. The sugar content of ripe dates is about 80%; the remainder consists of protein, fiber,

and trace elements including boron, cobalt, copper, fluorine, magnesium, manganese, selenium, and

zinc.

Angiosperms (MONOCOTYLEDONS)

5

(4) Kingdom: Plantae

Order: Commelinales

Family: Commelinaceae

Genus: Tradescantia

Species: spathacea

Economic importance – Tradescantia spathacea has fleshy rhizomes and rosettes of waxy lance-shaped

leaves. Leaves are dark to metallic green above, with glossy purple underneath. These will reach up to 1

foot (30 cm) long by 3 inches (7.5 cm) wide. They are very attractive foliage plants that will reach 1 foot

(30 cm) tall.

Angiosperms (MONOCOTYLEDONS)

6

(5) Kingdom: Plantae

Order: Magnoliales

Family: Annonaceae

Genus: Polyalthia

Species: longifolia

Economic importance – In past, the flexible, straight and light-weight trunks were used in the making of

masts for sailing ships. That is why the tree is also known as the Mast Tree. Today, the tree is mostly used for

manufacturing small articles such as pencil boxes etc.Methanolic extracts of Polyalthia longifolia have yielded

20 known and two new organic compounds, some of which show cytotoxic properties.

ANGIOSPERM (DICOTYLEDONS)

7

(6) Kingdom: Plantae

Phylum: Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Caryophyllales

Family: Amaranthaceae

Genus: Achyranthes

Species: lindenii

Economic importance: The herb is used in Traditional Chinese medicine practice. Achyranthes

(Cyathula) has properties that inhibits collagen-induced arthritis and acute edema.

Angiosperms (DICOTYLEDONS)

8

(7) Kingdom: Plantae

Order: Gentianales

Family: Rubiaceae

Genus: Hamelia

Species: patens

Economic importance – The plants are used in folk medicine against a range of ailments.

Angiosperms (DICOTYLEDONS)

9

(8) Kingdom: Plantae

Order: Malvales

Family: Malvaceae

Genus: Hibiscus

Species: rosa-sinensis

Economic importance – The flowers of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis are edible and are used in salads in the

Pacific Islands. The flower is additionally used in hair care as a preparation. It is also used to shine

shoes in certain parts of India. It can also be used as a pH indicator.

Angiosperms (DICOTYLEDONS)

10

(9) Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Angiosperms Clade: Monocots Order: Asparagales Family: Asparagaceae Subfamily: Nolinoideae Genus: Dracaena Economic importance – Some shrubby species, such as D. deremensis, D. fragrans, D. godseffiana, D. marginata, and D. braunii, are popular as houseplants. Many of these are toxic to pets, though not humans, according to the ASPCA among others.

Angiosperms (MONOCOTYLEDONS)

11

:

(10) Kingdom: Plantae Order: Malvales Family: Malvaceae Subfamily: Sterculioideae Genus: Sterculia Species foetida Economic importance: The oil of Sterculia foetida has been found to be comparable to sunflower, soybean, and rapeseed oils for the use of biofuels

Angiosperms (DICOTYLEDONS)

12

(11) Kingdom: Plantae

Order: Gentianales

Family: Rubiaceae

Subfamily: Ixoroideae

Tribe: Ixoreae

Genus: Ixora

Species: coccinea.

Economic importance – The flowers, leaves, roots, and the stem are used to treat various ailments in

the Indian traditional system of medicine, the Ayurveda, and in various folk medicines. The fruits,

when fully ripe, are used as a dietary source.

Angiosperms (DICOTYLEDONS)

13

(12) Kingdom: Plantae Order: Fagales Family: Casuarinaceae Genus: Casuarina Species: equisetifolia

Economic importance – Casuarina is widely used as a bonsai subject, particularly in South-east Asia

and parts of the Caribbean. Indonesian specimens and those cultivated in Taiwan are regarded

among the best in the bonsai world. The wood of this tree is used for shingles, fencing, and is said to

make excellent, hot burning firewood. Among the islands of Hawaii, Casuarina are also grown for

erosion prevention, and in general as wind breaking elements.

Angiosperms (DICOTYLEDONS)

14

(13) Kingdom: Plantae

Order: Alismatales

Family: Araceae

Subfamily: Aroideae

Tribe: Colocasiodeae

Genus: Colocasia

Species: esculenta

Economic importance – Taro's primary use is the consumption of its edible corm and leaves. In its

raw form, the plant is toxic due to the presence of calcium oxalate, and the presence of needle-

shaped raphides in the plant cells. However, the toxin can be minimized and the tuber rendered

palatable by cooking,[4] or by steeping in cold water overnight.

Corms of the small round variety are peeled and boiled, sold either frozen, bagged in its own liquids,

or canned. The leaves are rich in vitamins and minerals. It is also sold as an ornamental aquatic plant.

Angiosperms (MONOCOTYLEDONS)

15

(14) Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Angiosperms Clade: Monocots Order: Asparagales Family: Amaryllidaceae Subfamily: Amaryllidoideae Genus: Crinum Species: asiaticum

Economic importance – Crinum asiaticum (Common names: Poison Bulb, Giant Crinum Lily, Grand

Crinum Lily, Spider Lily) is a plant species widely planted in many warmer regions as an ornamental. It is

a bulb-forming perennial producing an umbel of large, showy flowers that are prized by gardeners. All

parts of the plant are, however, poisonous if ingested. There are even some reports that exposure to the

sap may cause skin irritation.

Angiosperms (MONOCOTYLEDONS)

16

(15) Kingdom: Plantae Order: Gentianales Family: Apocynaceae Tribe: Plumeriae Subtribe: Alstoniinae Genus: Alstonia

Species: scholaris

Economic importance – In Ayurveda it is used as a bitter and as an astringent herb for treating skin disorders, malarial fever, urticaria, chronic dysentery, diarrhea, in snake bite and for upper purification process of Panchakarma. The Milky juice of the tree is applied to ulcers

Angiosperms (DICOTYLEDONS)

17

(16) Kingdom: Plantae Order: Rosales

Family: Moraceae Genus: Ficus Species: religiosa

Economic importance – Ficus religiosa is used in traditional medicine for about 50 types of disorders

including asthma, diabetes, diarrhea, epilepsy, gastric problems, inflammatory disorders, infectious

and sexual disorders.[9][10] Peepal tree is of great medicinal value. Its leaves serve as a wonderful

laxative as well as tonic for the body. It is especially useful for patients suffering from Jaundice. It

helps to control the excessive amount of urine released during jaundice. The leaves of Peepal are

highly effective in treating heart disorders. It helps to control the palpitation of heart and thereby

combat the cardiac weakness.

Angiosperms (DICOTYLEDONS)

18

(17) Kingdom: Plantae Order: Lamiales Family: Lamiaceae Genus: Tectona Species: grandis

Economic importance – Teak is often an effective material for the construction of both indoor and

outdoor furniture. Teak's high oil content, high tensile strength and tight grain makes it particularly

suitable for outdoor furniture applications.

Angiosperms (DICOTYLEDONS)

19

(18) Kingdom: Plantae Order: Malpighiales Family: Euphorbiaceae Genus: Codiaeum Species: variegatum

Economic importance – Many of the Euphorbiaceae, the sap is toxic and can cause skin eczema in some people.

It is also toxic if eaten, though in small quantities, it has been used in herbal medicine to treat gastric ulcers.

Angiosperms (DICOTYLEDONS)

20

(19) Kingdom: Plantae Division: Pinophyta Class: Pinopsida

Order: Pinales Family: Araucariaceae Genus: Araucaria Species: cunninghamii

Economic importance – The leaves on young trees are awl-shaped, 1–2 cm long, about 2 mm thick at the base,

and scale-like, incurved, 1–2 cm long and 4 mm broad on mature trees. The cones are ovoid, 8–10 cm long and

6–8 cm diameter, and take about 18 months to mature. They disintegrate at maturity to release the nut-like

edible seeds.

GYMNOSPERM

21

(20) Kingdom: Plantae Division: Angiosperms Order: Alismatales Family: Araceae Subfamily: Monsteroideae

Tribe: Monstereae Genus: Epipremnum Species: aureum

Economic importance – It is often used in decorative displays in shopping centers, offices, and other public

locations largely because it requires little care and is also attractively leafy. It is also efficient at removing indoor

pollutants such as formaldehyde, xylene, and benzene.

Angiosperms (MONOCOTYLEDONS)

22

(21) Kingdom: Plantae Order: Zingiberales Family: Musaceae Genus: Musa Species: paradisiaca

Economic importance – M. paradisiaca only for plantains or cooking bananas, but the modern usage includes hybrid cultivars used both for cooking and as dessert bananas.

Angiosperms (MONOCOTYLEDONS)

23

(21) Kingdom: Plantae Order: Caryophyllales Family: Amaranthaceae Subfamily: Gomphrenoideae Genus: Alternanthera species: dentate Economic importance – Alternanthera plants are known to produce allelopathic compounds that injure other plants, including crops

Angiosperms (DICOTYLEDONS)

24

(23)

Kingdom: Plantae Order: Sapindales Family: Rutaceae Subfamily: Aurantioideae Tribe: Citreae Genus: Limonia Species: acidissima Economic importance – The rind of the fruit is so thick and hard it can be carved and used as a utensil such as a

bowl or ashtray. The bark also produces an edible gum.

Angiosperms (DICOTYLEDONS)

25

(24)

Kingdom: Plantae Order: Malpighiales Family: Euphorbiaceae Genus: Jatropha Species: gossypifolia Economic importance – usually either medicinal or as a foodstuff for livestock and, rarely, people. Typical of

members of the family Euphorbiaceae, Jatrophas have toxic sap (contains lectins, saponins, phorbol (carcinogen)

and a trypsin inhibitor) which can also be quite irritating to handle as well. Some plants are extremely toxic with

ingestion of just a few seeds causing death in an adult.

Angiosperms (DICOTYLEDONS)

26

(25)

Kingdom: Plantae Order: Caryophyllales Family: Plumbaginaceae Subfamily: Plumbaginoideae Genus: Plumbago

Angiosperms (DICOTYLEDONS)

27

Economic importance – This may have referred to its lead-blue flower colour, the ability of the sap to create lead-colored stains on skin, or Pliny's belief that the plant was a cure for lead poisoning.

(26)

Kingdom: Plantae Order: Fabales Family: Fabaceae Genus: Peltophorum Species: pterocarpum Economic importance – The wood has a wide variety of uses, including cabinet-making[5] and the foliage is used as a fodder crop.

Angiosperms (DICOTYLEDONS)

28

(27)

Kingdom: Plantae Order: Myrtales Family: Myrtaceae Subfamily: Myrtoideae Tribe: Eucalypteae Genus: Eucalyptus

Economic importance – Eucalyptus is the most common short fibre source for pulpwood to make pulp.

Eucalyptus globulus and the hybrid of Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis are the most used

varieties in papermaking. Eucalyptus oil is readily steam distilled from the leaves and can be used for

cleaning and as an industrial solvent, as an antiseptic, for deodorising, and in very small quantities

infood supplements, especially sweets, cough drops, toothpaste and decongestants. It has insect

repellent properties and is an active ingredient in some commercial mosquito repellents. Eucalyptus

globulus is the principal source of eucalyptus oil worldwide. The nectar of some eucalypts produces high-

quality monofloral honey.

Angiosperms (DICOTYLEDONS)

29

(28)

Kingdom: Plantae Order: Gentianales Family: Apocynaceae Subfamily: Apocynoideae Tribe: Wrightieae Genus: Nerium Species: oleander Economic importance –Ingestion of this plant can affect the gastrointestinal system, the heart, and the central nervous system. The gastrointestinal effects can consist of nausea and vomiting, excess salivation, abdominal pain, diarrhea that may or may not contain blood, and especially in horses, colic. Cardiac reactions consist of irregular heart rate, sometimes characterized by a racing heart at first that then slows to below normal further along in the reaction. Extremities may become pale and cold due to poor or irregular circulation.

Angiosperms (DICOTYLEDONS)

30

(29) Kingdom:Plantae Order:Malpighiales Family:Euphorbiaceae Genus:Acalypha Species:A. wilkesiana

Economic importance –Acalypha wilkesiana ointment is used to treat fungal skin diseases. The ointment

successfully controlled the mycoses in 73.3% of the affected patients.

Angiosperms (DICOTYLEDONS)

31

(30) Kingdom: Plantae

Order: Arecales

Family: Arecaceae

Genus: Caryota

Species: C. urens Economic importance –Caryota urens is cultivated as an ornamental tree, and planted in gardens and

parks in tropical and sub-tropical climates. These plants are monocarpic, the completion of the flower

and fruiting process results in the death of the tree. Famous Bastar Beer prepared from Caryota urens

Famous Bastar Beer prepared from Caryota urens

Angiosperms (MONOCOTYLEDONS)