Political Science

Test 3

Question 1

• Definition: The programs of the administration of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt.

The New Deal

Question 2• According to the text, Struggle for

Democracy, political parties contribute to democracy by,

making office holders accountable to voters

Question 3

• According to the authors of Struggle for Democracy, the Founders were hostile to political parties

even though they themselves formed two distinct political

parties. .

Question 4• Definition: The political position that

holds that the federal government has a substantial role to play in the economic regulation, social welfare, and overcoming racial inequality.

liberal

Question 5• According to the text, Struggle for

Democracy, American politics is primarily what?

candidate-centered

Question 6

• Definition: A party’s statement of its positions on the issues of the day.

party platform

Question 7• Definition: The political position that

holds that the federal government ought to play a very small role in economic regulation, social welfare, and overcoming racial inequality.

conservative

Question 8• When did the present-day competition

between the two specific parties, that is, Republicans verses Democrats, first take place?

1856

Question 9• What was the essence of the major

shift of alliances between the two major parties since 1964?

Anti-integration Southern Democrats shifted from the

Democratic to the Republican Party

Question 10• With the change of identification from

party affiliation to the ideological paradigm of Liberal verses Conservative what problems arise?

The identification is largely subjective and doesn’t always accurately reflect true ideology

Chapter 10

Question 11• Definition: The proportion of eligible

voters who actually vote in a given election is called what?

turnout

Question 12• Definition: The tendency to vote for

the incumbents when times are good and against them when times are bad.

electoral reward and punishment

Question 13• Definition: Political activity, including

voting, campaign activity, contacting officials, and demonstrating.

participation

Question 14• Definition: Two words that mean “The

right to vote.”

suffrage & franchise

Question 15• According to both texts (Struggle for

Democracy and The Lanahan Reader) and according to class lectures about what percentage of Americans vote in each presidential election?

fifty percent

Question 16• Definition: Expenditures by political

parties on general public education, voter registration, and voter mobilization is called what?

soft money

Question 17• Definition: State elections in which

delegates to national presidential nominating conventions are chosen.

primary elections

Question 18• In the early years of the United

States, the franchise to vote was held by what group?

• Property-owning white males

Question 19• According to the authors of Struggle

for Democracy, in democracies, the chief means by which citizens control the government is (are) supposed to be what?

elections

Question 20• Until the presidential election of 2000

what was the position of the courts regarding elections?

Courts only influenced elections by disallowing classes of ballots,

such as absentee or from a specific machine.

Chapter 11

Question 21

• Definition: Redrawing electoral district lines to give an advantage to a particular party or candidate.

gerrymandering

Question 22• Definition: The powers of the

congress and the federal government specifically mentioned the Constitution.

enumerated powers

Question 23

• What institution regulates Congress?

Congress itself

Question 24• What person will become president if

both the president and vice president can no longer serve in office?

•

Speaker of the House of Representatives

Question 25• Definition: Article 1, Section 8, of the

Constitution, also called the necessary and proper clause; gives Congress the authority to make whatever laws are necessary and proper to carry out its assigned and specified responsibilities.

elastic clause

Question 26• Definition: The legal doctrine that a

person who is arrested must have a timely hearing before a judge.

• habeas corpus

Question 27Definition: According to the doctrine

articulated by Edmund Burke, an elected representative who acts in perfect accord with the wishes of his or her constituents.

delegate

Question 28• Definition: Reallocation of House

seats among the states, done after each national census, to ensure that seats are held by the states in proportion to the size of their populations.

reapportionment

Question 29• Definition: The redrawing of

congressional district’s lines within a state to ensure roughly equal populations within each district.

redistricting

Question 30• Definition: Projects designed to bring

to the constituency jobs and public money for which members of Congress can claim credit.

pork or pork barrel•

Chapter 12

Question 31• A domestic economic reality of the

late 19th century which led to an increase in presidential power was what?

the accumulation of wealth & power by an elite made up of

industrialists

Question 32• One of the major factors increasing

the power of the office of the President was what?

America’s emergence as a world power

Question 33• Definition: Relatively permanent

congressional committees that address specific areas of legislation.

standing committees

Question 34• Definition: The taking of testimony by

a congressional committee or subcommittee

hearings

Question 35

• Definition: The process of revising a bill in committee.

markup

Question 36• Definition: Congressional committees

with members from both the House and the Senate.

• joint committees

Question 37• Definition: A vote to end the

“unlimited debate” or a standard debate; requires the votes of three-fifths of the membership of the Senate.

cloture

Question 38• Definition: Legislative action taken

“without objection” as a way to expedite business; used to conduct much of the business of the Senate.

unanimous consent

Question 39• Definition: Deferral by members of

Congress to the judgment of subject-matter specialists, mainly or minor technical bills.

reciprocity

Question 40• Definition: A parliamentary device

used in the Senate to prevent a bill from coming to a vote by “talking it to death,” made possible by the norm of unlimited debate.

filibuster

Question 41• From the Lanahan Readings,

Reading Number 16 From Congressional Government by President Woodrow Wilson What was unique about President Wilsons background?

He had a doctorate

Question 42• In Reading Number 23, from

Congress: The Electoral Connection by David Mahew, the author portrays United States congressmen as what?

• single-minded seekers of re-election

Question 43• In Reading Number 24, from Home

Style by Richard Fenno, where do most members of Congress spend a substantial proportion of their time?

at home, meaning in their home districts

Question 24• In Reading Number 24, from Home

Style by Richard Fenno, the author states that members of Congress have two primary policy justifications, that is, philosophies for how the represent constituents, they are:

delegate and trustee

Question 45• In Reading Number 25, from The

Web of Politics by Richard Davis, how does the author believe politicians will use the Internet in the future?

to maintain and reinforce existing power

Question 46• In Reading Number 26, from

Congressional Women, by Irwin Gertzog the most overt forms of discrimination against women members of Congress was what?

linguistic discrimination, overprotective or flirtatious

behavior, and insulting remarks

Question 47• In Reading Number 27, from

Hispanics in Congress, by Maurilio Vigil, the author describes the number of politicians representing the Hispanic community on the federal level as being what in regards to population?

greatly under-represented based on population percentage

Question 48• In Reading Number 28, from Pork: A

Time-Honored Tradition Lives On by Paul Starobin, according to the author when did federal politicians first begin to legislate “pork”?

from the very beginning

Question 49• In Reading Number 29, from In Praise

of Pork by John Ellwood and Eric Patashnik, what is the definition offered by the author for the term “pork”?

Congressional spending on projects that bring money and jobs to particular districts which aid

reelection.

Question 50• In Reading No. 40, from Locked in the

Cabinet by Robert Reich, in what president’s cabinet did he serve?

Clinton

Question 51• From Time, “Behind the Chaotic Battle

Lines in Iraq,” by Michael Ware-- what groups are presenting the most problems for American and Iraqi National forces?

• The area is rich with former army, intelligence and secret police officers from Saddam's regime.

Question 52• From Time, “Behind the Chaotic Battle

Lines in Iraq,” by Michael Ware-- who is Abu Marwan?

• Insurgent footsoldier

Question 53• From Newsweek, “Secrets of the CIA,” By

Mark Hosenball and Michael Isikoff-- What is the name of the CIA agent who was fired?

• Mary McCarthy

Question 54• There is an obvious paradox in

conservative ideology regarding

presidential power. Which statement

below best describes that dilemma?

Answer 54

Conservatives oppose the power of the

federal government, yet think the only

legitimate responsibility of the

president is foreign relations, but it has

been foreign relations which has

increased presidential & federal power.

Question 55• What is unique about the present

Speaker of the House of Representatives, Dennis Hastert?

He doesn’t appear to be the true leader among the majority party

of the House.