Political Science
Test 3
Question 1
• Definition: The programs of the administration of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt.
The New Deal
Question 2• According to the text, Struggle for
Democracy, political parties contribute to democracy by,
making office holders accountable to voters
Question 3
• According to the authors of Struggle for Democracy, the Founders were hostile to political parties
even though they themselves formed two distinct political
parties. .
Question 4• Definition: The political position that
holds that the federal government has a substantial role to play in the economic regulation, social welfare, and overcoming racial inequality.
liberal
Question 5• According to the text, Struggle for
Democracy, American politics is primarily what?
candidate-centered
Question 6
• Definition: A party’s statement of its positions on the issues of the day.
party platform
Question 7• Definition: The political position that
holds that the federal government ought to play a very small role in economic regulation, social welfare, and overcoming racial inequality.
conservative
Question 8• When did the present-day competition
between the two specific parties, that is, Republicans verses Democrats, first take place?
1856
Question 9• What was the essence of the major
shift of alliances between the two major parties since 1964?
Anti-integration Southern Democrats shifted from the
Democratic to the Republican Party
Question 10• With the change of identification from
party affiliation to the ideological paradigm of Liberal verses Conservative what problems arise?
The identification is largely subjective and doesn’t always accurately reflect true ideology
Chapter 10
Question 11• Definition: The proportion of eligible
voters who actually vote in a given election is called what?
turnout
Question 12• Definition: The tendency to vote for
the incumbents when times are good and against them when times are bad.
electoral reward and punishment
Question 13• Definition: Political activity, including
voting, campaign activity, contacting officials, and demonstrating.
participation
Question 14• Definition: Two words that mean “The
right to vote.”
suffrage & franchise
Question 15• According to both texts (Struggle for
Democracy and The Lanahan Reader) and according to class lectures about what percentage of Americans vote in each presidential election?
fifty percent
Question 16• Definition: Expenditures by political
parties on general public education, voter registration, and voter mobilization is called what?
soft money
Question 17• Definition: State elections in which
delegates to national presidential nominating conventions are chosen.
primary elections
Question 18• In the early years of the United
States, the franchise to vote was held by what group?
• Property-owning white males
Question 19• According to the authors of Struggle
for Democracy, in democracies, the chief means by which citizens control the government is (are) supposed to be what?
elections
Question 20• Until the presidential election of 2000
what was the position of the courts regarding elections?
Courts only influenced elections by disallowing classes of ballots,
such as absentee or from a specific machine.
Chapter 11
Question 21
• Definition: Redrawing electoral district lines to give an advantage to a particular party or candidate.
gerrymandering
Question 22• Definition: The powers of the
congress and the federal government specifically mentioned the Constitution.
enumerated powers
Question 23
• What institution regulates Congress?
Congress itself
Question 24• What person will become president if
both the president and vice president can no longer serve in office?
•
Speaker of the House of Representatives
Question 25• Definition: Article 1, Section 8, of the
Constitution, also called the necessary and proper clause; gives Congress the authority to make whatever laws are necessary and proper to carry out its assigned and specified responsibilities.
elastic clause
Question 26• Definition: The legal doctrine that a
person who is arrested must have a timely hearing before a judge.
• habeas corpus
Question 27Definition: According to the doctrine
articulated by Edmund Burke, an elected representative who acts in perfect accord with the wishes of his or her constituents.
delegate
Question 28• Definition: Reallocation of House
seats among the states, done after each national census, to ensure that seats are held by the states in proportion to the size of their populations.
reapportionment
Question 29• Definition: The redrawing of
congressional district’s lines within a state to ensure roughly equal populations within each district.
redistricting
Question 30• Definition: Projects designed to bring
to the constituency jobs and public money for which members of Congress can claim credit.
pork or pork barrel•
Chapter 12
Question 31• A domestic economic reality of the
late 19th century which led to an increase in presidential power was what?
the accumulation of wealth & power by an elite made up of
industrialists
Question 32• One of the major factors increasing
the power of the office of the President was what?
America’s emergence as a world power
Question 33• Definition: Relatively permanent
congressional committees that address specific areas of legislation.
standing committees
Question 34• Definition: The taking of testimony by
a congressional committee or subcommittee
hearings
Question 35
• Definition: The process of revising a bill in committee.
markup
Question 36• Definition: Congressional committees
with members from both the House and the Senate.
• joint committees
Question 37• Definition: A vote to end the
“unlimited debate” or a standard debate; requires the votes of three-fifths of the membership of the Senate.
cloture
Question 38• Definition: Legislative action taken
“without objection” as a way to expedite business; used to conduct much of the business of the Senate.
unanimous consent
Question 39• Definition: Deferral by members of
Congress to the judgment of subject-matter specialists, mainly or minor technical bills.
reciprocity
Question 40• Definition: A parliamentary device
used in the Senate to prevent a bill from coming to a vote by “talking it to death,” made possible by the norm of unlimited debate.
filibuster
Question 41• From the Lanahan Readings,
Reading Number 16 From Congressional Government by President Woodrow Wilson What was unique about President Wilsons background?
He had a doctorate
Question 42• In Reading Number 23, from
Congress: The Electoral Connection by David Mahew, the author portrays United States congressmen as what?
• single-minded seekers of re-election
Question 43• In Reading Number 24, from Home
Style by Richard Fenno, where do most members of Congress spend a substantial proportion of their time?
at home, meaning in their home districts
Question 24• In Reading Number 24, from Home
Style by Richard Fenno, the author states that members of Congress have two primary policy justifications, that is, philosophies for how the represent constituents, they are:
delegate and trustee
Question 45• In Reading Number 25, from The
Web of Politics by Richard Davis, how does the author believe politicians will use the Internet in the future?
to maintain and reinforce existing power
Question 46• In Reading Number 26, from
Congressional Women, by Irwin Gertzog the most overt forms of discrimination against women members of Congress was what?
linguistic discrimination, overprotective or flirtatious
behavior, and insulting remarks
Question 47• In Reading Number 27, from
Hispanics in Congress, by Maurilio Vigil, the author describes the number of politicians representing the Hispanic community on the federal level as being what in regards to population?
greatly under-represented based on population percentage
Question 48• In Reading Number 28, from Pork: A
Time-Honored Tradition Lives On by Paul Starobin, according to the author when did federal politicians first begin to legislate “pork”?
from the very beginning
Question 49• In Reading Number 29, from In Praise
of Pork by John Ellwood and Eric Patashnik, what is the definition offered by the author for the term “pork”?
Congressional spending on projects that bring money and jobs to particular districts which aid
reelection.
Question 50• In Reading No. 40, from Locked in the
Cabinet by Robert Reich, in what president’s cabinet did he serve?
Clinton
Question 51• From Time, “Behind the Chaotic Battle
Lines in Iraq,” by Michael Ware-- what groups are presenting the most problems for American and Iraqi National forces?
• The area is rich with former army, intelligence and secret police officers from Saddam's regime.
Question 52• From Time, “Behind the Chaotic Battle
Lines in Iraq,” by Michael Ware-- who is Abu Marwan?
• Insurgent footsoldier
Question 53• From Newsweek, “Secrets of the CIA,” By
Mark Hosenball and Michael Isikoff-- What is the name of the CIA agent who was fired?
• Mary McCarthy
Question 54• There is an obvious paradox in
conservative ideology regarding
presidential power. Which statement
below best describes that dilemma?
Answer 54
Conservatives oppose the power of the
federal government, yet think the only
legitimate responsibility of the
president is foreign relations, but it has
been foreign relations which has
increased presidential & federal power.
Question 55• What is unique about the present
Speaker of the House of Representatives, Dennis Hastert?
He doesn’t appear to be the true leader among the majority party
of the House.