viii

PREFACE

Greatest gratitude I deliver to God, whom by His blessings alone I could finish

my thesis and write this research without any obstacles to fulfill the requirements set

by Universitas Pelita Harapan to obtain Sarjana Sosial Strata Satu with the title of

Cultural Counter-Hegemonic Resistance Against Global Capitalism: A Case Study Of

Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia And Affiliations. I hope this research shall serve as a reference

in the future for creating a similar report by the next and next generation.

In writing this thesis, I have tried my very best within my capabilities to

summarize all the information I have received, yet I admit that as a human, I am

restricted by my imperfections and I am aware of the errors and lacking within this

report. I am very open to critiques and suggestion that shall serve as a way to better

write this report so it could be used more effectively.

For the guidance provided by many, I am delighted to declare that this thesis

has been successfully written. In specific, I would like to extend my heartfelt gratitude

to those that provided their assistance and support throughout the times I went through

the internship period and in creation of this report. The dearest and supportive parties

that I thanked for their supports are:

1. My parents, Ruth Pinkan Suskiana and Bambang Teguh Pramusinto, who

continuously believed in my capabilities even when I doubt myself and

showed ardent support,

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2. Dr. Edwin M.B. Tambunan S.I.P.,M.Si. as the Dean of Faculty of Social

and Political Science and Ms. Elyzabeth Bonethe Nasution, S.I.P., M.A. as

the head of International Relation Department for the opportunity given to

me to finish this thesis,

3. Prof. Aleksius Jemadu, Ph.D as my thesis advisor, for your constant

counseling, patience and kindness in guiding me to finalize this thesis,

4. Mrs. Floranesia Lantang, M.I.P as my academic advisor, for your support

and counsel during my college days and in the process of this thesis,

5. Mrs. Amelia Joan Liwe, Ph. D who continuously supported my thesis

despite the early prejudices,

6. Dr. Fahlesa Munabari, whom without your assistance, this thesis will never

be realized,

7. To Rukees, Lika Aprilia, Alice Larasati, Cinta Carnelian, Qonita

Chairunissa, Rizki Ramadhan, Yuliana, Rosella Latuputty, Ibrahim Ridha,

Lila Fadzila, Saki Johan, Prasetya Nandi, Belladina Victoria, and everyone

else in Rukita who supported me in the process of the writing of this thesis,

8. To Ghea Tiana Hanafiah, who patiently and tirelessly gave moral and

technical support in the process of writing this thesis until the last minute,

9. To Risyad Riefky, my dearest best friend who has always been here since

day one of college and provides continuous moral support,

10. To Samuel Panggabean, for your companion from high school days, to

college and during stressful time in the process of making this thesis,

x

11. To the friends for life I found in my MUN journey, Zul Hazmi Luthfi,

Equilibrium Tampubolon, Satria Yuma, Gugi Amouresna, Radhiyan

Pribadi, Muzakir Haitami, Nanda Wijaya, and many other individuals that

I cannot mention one by one who has directly or indirectly supported me

throughout college and in the finalization of this thesis,

12. To Asri Amanta, Anastasia Sylvia, Christina Yoris, Cyndhiyanita

Prawidya, Shelley Valencia and Agusta Adbel, for your friendship and

continuous support during college days and during the finalization of this

thesis,

13. To BTS, who taught me to love myself when I fail to,

14. Lastly, to every member of the International Relations of Universitas Pelita

Harapan, who has directly or indirectly supported the process of writing this

thesis, I thank you for your continuous support and for every assistance you

have given me during my college days and the process of the writing of this

thesis,

I hope that my research will bring good like it is supposed to be, and could

fulfill the proposed requirements by the university.

Best Regards,

Larasati Ayeshaputri

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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 4.2.1.1: Organizational structure model of Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia............... 58

Figure 4.2.3.1: Organizational structure model of Indonesia Tanpa Pacaran. ............ 69

xii

LIST OF PICTURES

Picture 4.3.1.1: Facebook Status of La Ode Munafar uploaded back in June 24th,

2014. ....................................................................................................................... 75

Picture 4.3.1.2: Facebook status of La Ode Munafar uploaded back in January 14th,

2016 ........................................................................................................................ 77

Picture 5.3.1.3: Part 1 of Facebook status of La Ode Munafar uploaded back in April

20, 2013. .................................................................................................................. 78

Picture 6.3.1.4: Part 2 of Facebook status of La Ode Munafar uploaded back in April

20th, 2013................................................................................................................ 79

xiii

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

AD/ART : Anggaran Dasar dan Anggaran Rumah Tangga

BTP : Basuki Tjahaja Purnama

DPD : Dewan Perwakilan Daerah

DPR : Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat

FPI : Forum Pembela Islam

GATT : General Agreement on Tarrifs and Trade

Gema Pembebasan : Gerakan Mahasiswa Pembebasan

GNPF-MUI : Gerakan Nasional Pembela Fatwa MUI

Golkar : Golongan Karya

HTI : Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia

ICMI : Ikatan Cendekiawan Muslim Indonesia

ITP : Indonesia Tanpa Pacaran

LDK : Lembaga Dakwah Kampus

MAI : Multilateral Agreement on Investment

MIUMI : Majelis Intelektual dan Ulama Muda Indonesia

MMI : Majelis Mujahidin Indonesia

MUI : Majelis Ulama Islam

NAFTA : North American Free Trade Agreement

NU : Nadhlatul Ulama

PA 212 : Presidium Alumni 212

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Perppu : Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang

SMO : Social Movement Organizations

UNDP : United Nations Development Program

WTO : World Trade Organization

xv

LIST OF APPENDIXES

Appendix A……………………………………………………A-1

Thesis Monitoring Form

Appendix B……………………………………………………B-1

Curriculum Vitae

Appendix C……………………………………………………C-1

Turnitin Originality Report

TABLE OF CONTENTS

STATEMENT OF THESIS ORIGINALITY ........................................................... ii THESIS ADVISOR APPROVAL ........................................................................... iii

EXAMINATION BOARD APPROVAL .................................................................. iv PERNYATAAN TENTANG TUGAS AKHIR DAN PENYERAHAN HAK NONEKSKLUSIF TANPA ROYALTI...................................................................... v ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................ vi

ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................ vii PREFACE .............................................................................................................viii

LIST OF FIGURES................................................................................................ xi LIST OF PICTURES ............................................................................................. xii

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................... xiii LIST OF APPENDIXES ....................................................................................... xv

CHAPTER 1 .............................................................................................................1 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................1

1.1 Background ..............................................................................................1 1.2 Research Question ....................................................................................9

1.3 Research Objectives .................................................................................9 1.4 Research Contribution ........................................................................... 10

CHAPTER 2 ........................................................................................................... 11 2.1. Literature Review ....................................................................................... 11

2.2. Theoretical Framework .............................................................................. 20 2.2.1 Constructivism .......................................................................................... 20

2.2.2 Globalization from Below ......................................................................... 25 2.2.3 Globalization of Ideas ............................................................................... 26

2.2.4 Transnational Islam .................................................................................. 28 CHAPTER 3 ........................................................................................................... 31

METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................. 31 3.1 Research Approach ...................................................................................... 32

3.2 Research Method ......................................................................................... 33

3.3. Data Collection ............................................................................................ 35 3.4. Data Analysis ............................................................................................... 35

CHAPTER 4 ........................................................................................................... 37 DISCUSSION ......................................................................................................... 37

4.1 Introduction ................................................................................................. 37 4.1.1 Entrance of Global Capitalism in Indonesia and Islamic Political Party ... 39 4.1.2 Rise of Islamic Revivalist Movements in Indonesia Post Reformation Era ........................................................................................................................ 43 4.1.3 Islamic Revivalist Movement: Aksi Bela Islam I, II, III and Presidium Alumni 212 ...................................................................................................... 47

4.2 Transnational Islam Movement in Middle East and How it Transpires Indonesia’s Revivalist Islamic Movement ......................................................... 54

4.2.1 Organization Structure of Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia and affiliations .......... 56 4.2.2 Dissemination of Idea Methods of Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia and affiliations ........................................................................................................................ 60 4.2.3 Organization Structure Model and Methods of Dissemination of Ideas in Indonesia Tanpa Pacaran .................................................................................. 63

4.3 Islam Religious Identity as Motives of Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia and Indonesia Tanpa Pacaran .................................................................................. 71

4.3.1 Khilafah as a Solution for Cultural Counter-Hegemonic Resistance Against Global Capitalism by Indonesia Tanpa Pacaran ................................................ 72 4.3.2 Generating Religious Identity Sentiment as Counter-Hegemonic Resistance in Indonesia through Indonesia Tanpa Pacaran ............................... 81

4.4 Globalization as a Driving Factor for Global Capitalism and Resistance Against Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia and Affiliations ............................................ 85

4.4.1 Contestation Between Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia and Affiliations with Pancasila .......................................................................................................... 87 4.4.2 State Against Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia and Affiliations Today ................. 90

CHAPTER 5 ........................................................................................................... 94 5.1 Conclusion .................................................................................................... 94

5.2 Recommendation.......................................................................................... 96 BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................................................... 98