Subtitulo de la presentación en una línea
Chilean experience withdioxin contamination in
feed
Alejandro Pozo Araya, MVSubdepartamento de Alimentos para Animales
Departamento de Proyectos TransversalesDivisión de Protección Pecuaria
Topics
1. National context
2. Case 1
3. Case 2
4. Case 3
5. Case 4
6. Conclusions
Context
Meat production in Chile, 2015
• Poultry 675 mil Ton.
• Pork 584 mil Ton.
• Beef 200 mil Ton. Source: ODEPA (www.odepa.cl/rubro/carne)
Animal population in Chile, 2015
Poultry 32 M Pigs 2,7 M Cattle 2,7 M
Feed industry in Chile
192
19
19
256
Feed industry
Feed/supplem HP/AP Rendering Additives Oils
Official SurveillanceProgramme for dioxins in
feeds
Surveillance Programme for Dioxins in Feeds
• 2008 – dioxins in pork meat
• Investigation: zinc oxide – need to monitor high risk ingredients
• 2009 – Programme starts
• 2013-2016 – Programme is established and consolidated for feed ingredients
• 200 samples/year
High RiskIngredients(CAC/RCP 62-2006)
Oils, fats and tallows of animal, vegetable and fish origins
Meals of animal and fish origin
Vitamin and mineral supplements
Zinc oxide
Copper oxide
Calcium carbonate
Dairy products (substitutes, whey, byproducts)
Balanced feed
Pet food, feed stuff for fish
Clays, binders and anti-caking agents
Surveillance Programme for Dioxins in Feeds
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
2013 2014 2015 2016
Samples related to feed 2013-2016
feed/supplements additives oils/tallows harinas de origen animal
Surveillance Programme for Dioxins in Feeds
Annual Calendar
SGA
SGA
SGA
Sampling FlowC
entr
al L
evel
(San
tiag
o)
Definition of samples R
egio
nal
Leve
l
Definition of regional coordinator to MVO
Sect
ori
al
Leve
l
Sampling byMVO
Sect
ori
al L
evel
Sending to the lab
FAVET
Lab
ora
tory
FAV
ET Receptionand analysisper matrix
Lab
ora
tory
FAV
ET Sending of results to SAG (NC)
Ce
ntr
al L
evel Protocol
reception and analysis Ce
ntr
al L
evel Sending of
results to theregion
Sect
ori
al L
evel Delivery of
protocol to theestablishment
Sampling
Type of establishment Place
Additive importers/ingredients Stores of finished products
Plants of ingredients of animal origin Stores of finished productsStorage tanks
Plants/collection of oil/tallow Storage tanks
Feed/supplements plants Stores of raw materialsStores of finished products
Additive/mineral origin ingredientsplants
Stores of finished productsMina de extração
Sampling and sending of samples –instructions to MVO
Samples with levels aboveRegulation (1)
FAVET communicatesSAG about thecontaminated
sample
Central Levelinforms and
sends protocolto the region
Region/Central Level start
investigation
Retention of involved lots
Company takesmeasures onthe involved
lots
Samples with levels aboveRegulation (2)
Sampling of lotsproduced at the
same time*
Ifcorrespondent, communicate
other stateservices
Follow up of the
contaminatedlots
Closure of theinvestigation
Subtitulo de la presentación en una línea
Case 1:Dioxins in pork meat, 2008
Previous Facts
• July 2008: detection in Korea pork meat withlevels above the limit
• Temporary certification and export suspension
• Investigation of the case: sampling of meatand feed ingredients lots
• Trace back: raw material of involved plants
Dioxins 2008
Investigation was conducted in 2 ways:
Line 1
•Pork meat
Line 2
•Feed ingredients suppliers
Feed ingredients suppliers
Feed ingredients suppliers
Feed samples
• EU Regulation was applied (CE 1883/2006) forthe oficial sampling
• Laboratories used:
1. Rikilt – Holland
2. ALS – Tchek Republic
3. RPC – Canada
SAG actions
Normative
• Update
• Elaboration of new regulations
Inspection
• Addition of establishments
• Broadercoverage of inspection
Monitoringprogramme
• Instructions
• Building and consolidationof theprogramme
1. Regulation 4808/2008Establishes the requirements for oils, fats and fattyacids of first use.2. Regulation 1032/2009Establishes maximum levels for dioxins, furans and dl-dioxins in feeds.3. Regulation 2487/2009Establishes operational and structural requirementsfor plants of animal origin ingredients to be used in feed.
Normative
Subtitulo de la presentación en una línea
Case 2:Dioxins in poultry meat
2013
Previous Facts
• Detection in samples according to thenormative – oficial surveillance programme
Sector Result
Sample sector 1 7,7 pg-EQT/g fat
Sample sector 2 8,3 pg-EQT/g fat
Measures
• Counter samples sent to Rikilt, Holland
• Communication to Achipia and MINSAL
• Retention of lots and countries notification
• Certification suspension of lots coming fromsectors
• Investigation in:1. Ingredients and feed plants
2. Environment: Wood shavings, water, bed, etc.
3. Infrastructure: desinfectants, materials
Feed Plant
• Selection of involved diets for the positive animals
• Revision of ingredients, their suppliers, external and internal lots.
• Selection of high risks ingredients
• Cross contamination of ingredients – suppliers- lots
• Sampling and sending to a selected lab
Samples
85 samples:
• 68 of raw materials for feed
• 5 of wood shavings
• 4 of water
• 4 of vinager
• 2 of broiler bed (guano/feathers)
• 2 of ground
Feed samples
Diets
Nucleus
Zinc oxide
CaCO3
Coline chloride
Bicalcium phosphate
Pork hydrolized protein
Poultry hidrolized protein
Copper sulphate
Pork and poultry mixed meal
Tallow
Sodium bicarbonate
Medications
Additive
Corn, soya
Salt
0,908 ng/kg
Epidemiologic study
• Epidemiology Unity used the data fromsamples, lots and lab results.
• Concluded that the investigation should be focused in the pork and poultry hydrolizedprotein and animal origin oil.
• Other product lots were sampled.
• Company was asked to improve the selfcontrolsystem (lot definition, storing of countersamples, etc.)
• Sequential sampling did not show new contaminated lots.
• Further ingredient sampling did not resultover the permitted level.
• Closure of investigation.
Subtitulo de la presentación en una línea
Case 3:Dioxins in zinc oxide 2014
ZnO
• Case is referred to feed ingredients only.
• Self control system detects suspected sample(screening)
• Sample is sent for confirmation to FAVET:
7,695 ng/kg (1,5 ng/kg)
• Establishment inspection
• Lot is a mix of two previous lots. They are sampled officially by SAG:
• Communication to MINSAL for use and disposition
16,032 ng/kg 2,343 ng/kg
ZnO
• Complet lot is in the establishment: easy to control.
• Establishment redirects product to sectorsother than feed and fertilisers.
• Follow up of the contaminated lots to assurethe final destination.
• Suspension of the establishment as a supplier.
ZnO
ZnO
• Request of revision by SAC:1. Combustion furnaces of high temperature (1400°C)
2. Slow decline after cooking
• Control and follow up of further reports:1. Installation of secondary air flow: forced temperatura
decline
2. Follow up on sequential samples
• SAC evaluation reviewed: cancelling of suspension
• Closure of investigation
Subtitulo de la presentación en una línea
Case 4:Dioxins in vegetable oil
2016
Vegetable oil
• Selfcontrol system detects lot above theregulated limit
• Retention of the product lot
• Start of the investigation by SAG: inspectionvisit and oficial sampling
1,757 ng/kg (0,75 ng/kg)
Vegetable oil
• Product corresponds to a batch of a mix of soya and sunflower seed oils
• Imported and domestic oils and fats collectionestablishment
Manufacturer
• Export to Chile soya/sunfloweroil
Importer in Chile
• Sells to colectors
Collectors
• Store and supply to theindustry
Vegetable oil
• Whole batch in the establishment
• The collector does not have any thermalprocessing
• Supplier control?
• Follow up on the contaminated lots:1. Communication to Seremi de Salud Regional
2. Redestination of other lots to products that are not foranimal feeding
• Closure of investigation
Conclusions
1. Events that are detected in the early stages of the the chain allow a better containment
2. When further detection in the chain, more complex to find the cause
3. Selfcontrol systems are a valuable tool for theearly detection and alert as a complement to the oficial programmes
4. Surveillance of raw materials offers betterpossibilities to stop possible transfers to theproduction chain and contamination of human products
Conclusions
5. Definition of the lot has to be as specific as possible
6. Monitoring of high risk feed minimizeseconomical losses in the livestock production
7. The programme has to be focused on a riskanalysis (ingredients/establishment/type of system)
8. It will not always be possible to find a clearcause for the contamination
Subtitulo de la presentación en una línea
Thank youwww.sag.cl-Pecuaria-Insumos-Alimentación animal
